taxonID	type	description	language	source
EC398785872AFFC6FF24FED55FE8FDB6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. More than 255 specimens. Baja California: UANL 7843, 5 spec. (Bahía de los Ángeles, main pier, sta. 1: 28 ° 56 ’ 52.9 ” N, 113 ° 33 ’ 25.3 ” W, April 17 – 18, 2010, coll. JAL); UANL 7902 (same, sta. 2: 28 ° 56 ’ 52.9 ” N, 113 ° 33 ’ 24.9 ” W, April 17 – 18, 2010, coll. JAL).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785872AFFC6FF24FED55FE8FDB6.taxon	description	Baja California Sur: UANL 7848, 6 spec. (Marina Santa Rosalía, sta. 1, 27 ° 20 ’ 25.2 ” N, 112 ° 15 ’ 56.1 ” W, March 31, 2011, coll. JAL); UANL 7844 (same, sta. 3: 27 ° 20 ’ 24.5 ” N, 112 ° 15 ’ 56.1 ” W, April 19, 2010, coll. JAL); UANL 7845, 112 spec. (Puerto Escondido, sta. 1, 25 ° 48 ’ 51.8 ” N, 111 ° 18 ’ 41.2 ” W, April 19 - 20, 2010, coll. JAL); UANL 7849, 3 spec. (same, April 2, 2011, coll. JAL); UANL 7846, 8 spec. (Marina Cantamar, Pichilingue, sta. 1, 24 ° 16 ’ 42.7 ” N, 110 ° 19 ’ 50.4 ” W, April 22, 2010, coll. JAL); UANL 7851, 19 spec. (same, sta. 2: 24 ° 16 ’ 42.7 ” N, 110 ° 19 ’ 50.2 ” W, April 3, 2011, coll. JAL); UANL 7850, 19 spec. (Marina Palmira, La Paz, 24 ° 11 ’ 05.3 ” N, 110 ° 18 ’ 12.8 ” W, April 3, 2011, coll. JAL); UANL 7852, 3 spec. (Marina de La Paz, sta. 1: 24 ° 09 ’ 17.7 ” N, 110 ° 19 ’ 32.3 ” W, April 3, 2011, coll. JAL); UANL 7854, 15 spec. (Marina Puerto Los Cabos, San José del Cabo, sta. 1: 23 ° 03 ’ 42.4 ” N, 109 ° 40 ’ 27.8 ” W, April 4, 2011, coll. JAL); UANL 7903, 20 spec. (same, sta. 2: 23 ° 03 ’ 42.2 ” N, 109 ° 40 ’ 29.5 ” W, April 4, 2011, coll. JAL); UANL 7847, 7 spec. (Marina Cabo San Lucas, sta. 1, 22 ° 53 ’ 09.1 ” N, 109 ° 54 ’ 38.4 ” W, April 22, 2010, coll. JAL); UANL 7853, 13 spec. (same, sta. 1: 22 ° 53 ’ 09.1 ” N, 109 ° 54 ’ 38.4 ” W, April 4, 2011, coll. JAL). Oaxaca: UMAR-Poly 702, 2 spec. (mouth of Corralero Lagoon, rocky substrate, intertidal, December 8, 2006, coll. RBZ); UMAR-Poly 703, 3 spec. (same, March 24, 2010, coll. KCC); UMAR-Poly 704, some spec. (Salina Cruz, angler pier, main dock, sta. 4, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. SGM et al.); UMAR-Poly 705, some spec. (same, hull of the shrimp boat “ Golfo Pérsico ”, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. EVP); UMAR-POLY 701 (“ sample 85 ”, Oaxaca, 0 – 6 m, September 15, 2004). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (6 m). On mangrove roots and rocks. From anthropogenic substrates in ports and marinas, at pier piles, boat hulls, buoys, ropes, as well as oyster and shrimp farms (Villalobos-Guerrero et al. 2012). Fouling species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785872AFFC6FF24FED55FE8FDB6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Caribbean. As exotic / invasive species in several sites from the Gulf of California (Sinaloa, Sonora, Baja California and Baja California Sur), Chacahua Lagoon and Salina Cruz, Oaxaca (Tovar-Hernández & Knight-Jones 2006; Villalobos-Guerrero et al. 2012); Coiba Island, Panamá (Capa & López 2004); Levantine Sea and Cyprus (Ҫinar 2009) and Madeira Island (Ramalhosa et al. 2014).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785872AFFC6FF24FED55FE8FDB6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Tovar-Hernández et al. (2009 a) recorded Branchiomma bairdi for the first time from Mazatlán and around; it also was reported from some beaches in La Paz Bay, Baja California Sur; from Guaymas and San Carlos ports, Sonora; and from Ahome, Guasave and Topolobampo, Sinaloa (Tovar-Hernández et al. 2012). The species has a strong colonizing capacity, since it is a hermaphrodite and also due to its brief larval stage it can reach high densities starting with few specimens; thus, it is competing with local encrusting fauna for space and food resources (Tovar-Hernández et al. 2009 b). A recent technical report and risk analysis concluded that the species is now established in some ports, marinas and beaches in the Gulf of California and should be treated as an exotic / invasive species (Tovar-Hernández & Yáñez-Rivera 2012 a; Villalobos-Guerrero et al. 2012).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858729FFC6FF24FD6F58C4FA46.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Four specimens. Baja California: UANL 7855 (Bahía de los Ángeles, sta. 1, 28 ° 56 ’ 52.9 ” N, 113 ° 33 ’ 25.3 ” W, March 31, 2011, coll. JAL).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858729FFC6FF24FD6F58C4FA46.taxon	description	Baja California Sur: UANL 7856 (Marina Cantamar, Pichilingue, Sta. 1, 24 ° 16 ’ 42.7 ” N, 110 ° 19 ’ 50.4 ” W, April 22, 2010, coll. JAL). Guerrero: UMAR-Poly 706 (Morro Colorado, Zihuatanejo, in Pocillopora damicornis [Linnaeus, 1758], 1.5 m, November 30, 2010, coll. SGG). Oaxaca: UMAR-Poly 707 (El Maguey Beach, in dead corals, intertidal, July 4, 2007). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (1.5 m). Tide pools and in sponge (Tovar-Hernández & Salazar-Vallejo 2008; Tovar-Hernández & Carrera-Parra 2011); on corals and on anthropogenic substrates in marinas (from Bahía de los Ángeles, Baja California, and Marina Cantamar, Baja California Sur). Occasionally as part of fouling fauna.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858729FFC6FF24FD6F58C4FA46.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexican Pacific, Baja California, Baja California Sur, Guerrero and Oaxaca.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858729FFC6FF24FD6F58C4FA46.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Megalomma carunculata is a big species, with a length of 7 to 16 cm; however, it is extremely rare in the Mexican Pacific (Tovar-Hernández & Salazar-Vallejo 2008).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858729FFC7FF24F9EB5A51FDB7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Six specimens. Baja California Sur: UANL 7857, 4 spec. (Puerto Escondido, sta. 1: 25 ° 48 ’ 51.8 ” N, 111 ° 18 ’ 41.2 ” W, April 2, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB); UANL 7858, 2 spec. (same, sta. 2: 25 ° 48 ’ 53.1 ” N, 111 ° 18 ’ 40.5 ” W, April 2, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858729FFC7FF24F9EB5A51FDB7.taxon	description	Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (18 m, Moore 1923). Fine gray sand and rock (Moore 1923); also from anthropogenic substrates in marinas (from Puerto Escondido, Baja California Sur and Mazatlán, Sinaloa). Fouling species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858729FFC7FF24F9EB5A51FDB7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. California to Gulf of California (only in marinas).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858729FFC7FF24F9EB5A51FDB7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Moore (1923) described this species in Parasabella and Perkins (1984) transferred it to Demonax; however, all species in Demonax were synonymized with Parasabella (Tovar-Hernández & Harris 2010). This species is a new record for the Gulf of California, it is possibly an exotic species introduced by yachts from California.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858728FFC7FF24FCBB5825FA5A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 106 specimens. Baja California Sur: UANL 7859, 23 spec. (Marina Palmira, La Paz, 24 ° 11 ’ 05.3 ” N, 110 ° 18 ’ 12.8 ” W, April 3, 2011, coll. JAL); UANL 7860, 11 spec. (Marina de La Paz, sta. 2: 24 ° 09 ’ 17.6 ” N, 110 ° 19 ’ 32.2 ” W, April 3, 2011, coll. JAL); UANL 7861, 36 spec. (Marina Puerto Los Cabos, San José del Cabo, sta. 1: 23 ° 03 ’ 42.4 ” N, 109 ° 40 ’ 27.8 ” W, April 4, 2011, coll. JAL); UANL 7904, 36 spec. (same, sta. 2, 23 ° 03 ’ 42.2 ” N, 109 ° 40 ’ 29.5 ” W, April 4, 2011, coll. JAL).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858728FFC7FF24FCBB5825FA5A.taxon	description	Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal. In coral reefs (Nogueira & Knight-Jones 2002) and on anthropogenic substrates in marinas (from La Paz and San José del Cabo, Baja California Sur). Fouling species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858728FFC7FF24FCBB5825FA5A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hawaii and southern part of Baja California Peninsula (only in marinas and ports).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858728FFC7FF24FCBB5825FA5A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. In their redescription of Pseudobranchiomma punctata Nogueira & Knight-Jones (2002) mentioned 5 – 9 thoracic segments and colorless radioles, without serration or compound eyes; however, the specimens revised here have 4 – 14 thoracic segments, and dark-brown radioles with 3 – 4 eyespots on each radiole. Pseudobranchiomma punctata is a new record for Baja California Sur. Since all records were from marinas, it is possibly an exotic species introduced by yachts directly from Hawaii. Alternatively, the species came from California; however, to date no records from California have been published.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858727FFC9FF24FA255AB9FCB2.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Eight specimens. Oaxaca: UMAR-Poly 709 (Corralero Lagoon, on rocks, March 23, 2010, coll. FAG); UMAR-Poly 710, 7 spec. (same, on rocks, April 18, 2013, coll. LLR et al.).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858727FFC9FF24FA255AB9FCB2.taxon	description	Habitat. Depth: Intertidal to 73 m (Bastida-Zavala 2008); ten Hove & Jansen-Jacobs (1984) recorded 2 – 86 m. Occasionally as part of fouling fauna.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858727FFC9FF24FA255AB9FCB2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amphi-American. From Florida and Gulf of Mexico to Brazil; Southern California (San Pedro, Newport Bay, Santa Barbara Island), western coast of Baja California Sur (Punta San Juanico and Cabo San Lázaro), Guerrero (Acapulco), Oaxaca (Puerto Escondido), Panamá (Taboga Island) (Treadwell 1914; Berkeley & Berkeley 1941; ten Hove & Jansen-Jacobs 1984; Bastida-Zavala 2008); also from Humboldt Bay, Northern California (Bastida-Zavala et al. unpublished data); and Corralero Lagoon, Oaxaca (this work).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858727FFC9FF24FA255AB9FCB2.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Crucigera websteri is recorded from few localities in the Eastern Pacific. In general, it was represented by few specimens. The record of Treadwell (1914) from San Pedro, California, is evidence that this species has been in the Eastern Pacific before the opening of the Panamá Canal (August, 1914), as his samples were collected in 1912 or before. Bastida-Zavala (2008) revised the Treadwell’s specimen in LACM-AHF (N 8819) shown in Figure 10 I. Fouling records of this species are uncommon, only one specimen has been recorded by Berkeley & Berkeley (1941) from a “ boat bottom ”, Newport Bay, Southern California; one specimen from “ floats and piles … ”, Newport Bay (Bastida-Zavala 2008); and one specimen from a fouling plate in Humboldt Bay, Northern California (Bastida- Zavala et al. unpublished data).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858726FFC9FF24FC6B5AC2F909.taxon	description	Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (3 m, Bastida-Zavala 2008). In tropical and subtropical brackish-waters lagoons; also in aquaculture shrimp ponds. On mangrove roots from Sinaloa, with salinity range of 27 – 46 ups and temperature range of 22 – 31.5 ° C (Tovar-Hernández & Yáñez-Rivera 2012 b). Fouling and invasive species in the Tropical Eastern Pacific (Salgado-Barragán et al. 2004; Tovar-Hernández & Yáñez-Rivera 2012 b).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858726FFC9FF24FC6B5AC2F909.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Native to the tropical Western Atlantic. Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea (ten Hove & Weerdenburg 1978). Ficopomatus miamiensis is exotic in the Pacific side of Panamá and Gulf of California.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858726FFC9FF24FC6B5AC2F909.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ficopomatus miamiensis not was found in this study, but see Overview of the sabellid and serpulid introductions, below.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858726FFCAFF24F96F59A2FC56.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Several empty tubes. Tube white to brown or orange, sometimes covered by a dark film of green microalgae; with small to prominent peristomes, sometimes with low growth rings; lacks longitudinal ridges and alveoli (Fig. 2 K). Chiapas: UMAR-Poly 708 - OH, empty tubes (La Encrucijada Lagoon, sta. 2, on wooden trunk, salinity = 19.39 PSU, August 28, 2014, coll. CPR).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858726FFCAFF24F96F59A2FC56.taxon	description	Habitat. Intertidal to 1 m. In coastal lagoons, on mangrove roots and gastropod shells, with salinity range of 19.39 – 35 PSU (Bastida-Zavala & García-Madrigal 2012). On shells, stones, coconut leaves and fish-kraals (Pillai 1960). Fouling species, at least on PVC plates in the northern Gulf of Mexico (Bastida-Zavala, personal observation).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858726FFCAFF24F96F59A2FC56.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Native to the Indo-West Pacific. Ficopomatus uschakovi was recorded as exotic from the Gulf of Guinea; in Sossego Creek, Brazil; in Morocoto Creek, Venezuela; in La Encrucijada Lagoon, Chiapas; and in Gulf of Urabá, Colombian Caribbean (ten Hove & Weerdenburg 1978; de Assis et al. 2008; Liñero-Arana & Díaz-Díaz 2012; Bastida-Zavala & García-Madrigal 2012; Arteaga-Flórez et al. 2014).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858726FFCAFF24F96F59A2FC56.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ficopomatus uschakovi was described in the monotypic genus Neopomatus Pillai, 1960, based on a single autapomorphic character: fused thoracic membranes. Ten Hove & Weerdenburg (1978) revised five monotypic genera, including Neopomatus, morphologically rather similar ‒ especially regarding the chaetation pattern ‒ and occurring in brackish water, and synonymized them with the genus Ficopomatus. The decision to maintain Neopomatus (Pillai 2008; Li et al. 2012) cannot be solved on the basis of morphological characters only, it is necessary to perform a phylogenetic analysis including both morphological and molecular characters (Elena Kupriyanova & Harry ten Hove, pers. comm. 2014).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858725FFCAFF24FBCF5BA0F9E1.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hydroides alatalateralis is native to the tropical Western Atlantic. Northern Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002). Laverde-Castillo (1988) recorded the only specimen on the Pacific side of Colombia.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858725FFCAFF24FBCF5BA0F9E1.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The species was not found in this study, but see Overview of the sabellid and serpulid introductions, below.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858725FFCCFF24F9075E26FED4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 5 specimens. Hawaii: LACM s. n., 5 spec. (Oahu, Hawaii, five samples from 1972: X 2 - 5, July 8; X 3 - 2, July 9; X 5 - 1, July 11; X 14 - 3, July 17; coll. Dale Straughan).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858725FFCCFF24F9075E26FED4.taxon	description	Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (20.5 m, Sun et al. 2015). Temperate waters, on natural substrates: rocks, sponges, weed & ascidians on boulders, Ecklonia radiata holdfasts, in mixed red algae, orange solitary corals, dead corals, bryozoan colonies, in calcareous algae and Idanthyrsus sabellariid tubes, platform rock with gullies, surf swept rock-flat and lagoon, under ledge, underneath boulders and in crevices in rock pools; on man-made substrates: woodchip berth, subtidal wharf pile, breakwater, and on hull of SS “ Bonthorp ” (Sun et al. 2015).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858725FFCCFF24F9075E26FED4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hydroides cf. amri is recorded only from Hawaii.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858725FFCCFF24F9075E26FED4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hydroides amri sensu stricto was collected in both natural and man-made substrates, including the hull of a ship (Sun et al. 2015); this species has potential to be introduced to other temperate and subtropical regions by ships. Sun et al. (2015: 20) suggested that the specimens recorded from Hawaii as Hydroides cf. brachyacanthus by Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove (2003), probably correspond, morphologically, with H. amri, but also recommended additional studies to decide if Hydroides cf. brachyacantha from Hawaii is in fact H. amri. Re-examining the morphological data of the Hawaiian specimens, we can confirm that the characters of the opercula, mainly the three dorsal bigger spines, as well as the number of radioles, tube and thorax measurements, are more similar to H. amri than to H. brachyacantha sensu stricto (Table 1). Sun et al. (2016 b) found that H. amri comprises two non-sister clades, and based on their genetic lineage described a new species from South Australia, Hydroides nikae Sun, Wong, Tovar-Hernández, Williamson & Kupriyanova, 2016 b. The same may happen with H. cf. amri from Hawaii, but only a phylogenetic analysis could solve their identity, something that is out of the scope of this work. Straughan (1969) mentioned “ Smaller spines have a blunt tooth projecting from the outside of the curve ”, a character that coincides with the description of Hydroides amri. Bailey-Brock (1976; 1987) recorded H. brachyacantha from the Hawaiian Islands and, at least in her work of 1987 (Fig. 3. II. 189 a – b) reproduces the figures of Dew (1959, Fig. 7) from Australia. In our opinion all historical records from Hawaii belong to H. cf. amri. average: 0.99 1.45 2.55 0.87 2.83 12.70 11.04 4.06 0.84 28.55 7.38	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858725FFCCFF24F9075E26FED4.taxon	description	...... continued on the next page Tube Thorax Radiole Operculum Internal External Number Number Peduncle Opercular Number Number Species Length Width Length diameter diameter left side right side length diameter of radii of spines minimum: 0.80 1.30 2.10 0.80 2.10 11.00 6.00 3.50 0.80 26 7	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858723FFCDFF24FC3C5F20FA67.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 116 specimens. Sonora: UMAR-Poly 711, 3 spec. (Puerto Peñasco, June 15, 1981, coll. SSV et al.).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858723FFCDFF24FC3C5F20FA67.taxon	description	Michoacán: UMAR-Poly 712, 2 spec. (Caleta de Campos, on sabellariid tubes, December 17, 1994, coll. RBZ). Guerrero: UMAR-Poly 713 (Manzanillo, Zihuatanejo, on Pocillopora damicornis, 5 – 7 m, December 4, 2011, coll. ALP); UMAR-Poly 714 (La Roqueta, Acapulco, on sabellariid tubes, May 25, 2000, coll. SSV et al.); UMAR-Poly 715, 3 spec. (Los Cantiles-La Quebrada, Acapulco, on oyster, May 26, 2000, coll. AM). Oaxaca: UMAR-POLY 716, 5 spec. (Corralero Lagoon, on rocks, March 22 – 23, 2010, coll. FAG); UMAR- POLY 717, 2 spec. (Chacahua Lagoon, on rock, April 3, 2008); UMAR-POLY 718, 5 spec. (Agua Blanca Beach, rocks, intertidal, April 27, 2012, coll. OCR & MHP); UMAR-POLY 722, 21 spec. (Mazunte, on Pocillopora damicornis, 8 m, August 11, 2010, coll. ALP & RZV, id. FAG); UMAR-POLY 723 (San Agustinillo, on mollusc shell, May 11, 2013, coll. and id. AGM et al.); UMAR-POLY 719 (Camarón Beach, on coral, April 20, 2013, coll. RXP & VAR); UMAR-POLY 720, 4 spec. (same, rocks, intertidal, May 12, 2013, coll. and id. AGM et al.); UMAR-POLY 721 (same, rocks, May 18, 2013, coll. LLR et al.); UMAR-Poly 724 (Panteón Beach, Puerto Ángel, 10 m, November 23, 2005, coll. GRC); UMAR-POLY 725, 2 spec. (same, on rock, May 17, 2009); UMAR-POLY 726, 15 spec. (Puerto Ángel, pier and beach, May 20, 2007, coll. FCC & SRH); UMAR-POLY 727, 7 spec. (same, on rocks, May 15, 2010, coll. FAG); UMAR-POLY 728 (Estacahuite, sta. 3 - negro, on Pocillopora damicornis, 6 m, March 26, 2010, coll. ALP & RZV, id. FAG); UMAR-POLY 729, 11 spec. (same, rocks, intertidal, June 2, 2012, coll. MTM & AVB); UMAR-POLY 730, 6 spec. (La Tijera Beach, 3 m, April 30, 2005, coll. RBZ & GRC); UMAR-POLY 731 - OH, 2 spec. (same, no more data, coll. Alejandra Hernández); UMAR-POLY 732 (El Arrocito Beach, Huatulco, July 4, 2007); UMAR-POLY 733, 4 spec. (Salchi Bay, Huatulco, sta. 3, on Pocillopora damicornis, 9 m, March 26, 2010, coll. ALP); UMAR-Poly 734, 6 spec. (La Entrega Beach, Huatulco, on coral, 2 – 3 m, May 23, 2000, coll. SSV et al.); UMAR-POLY 735, 9 spec. (Salina Cruz, angler pier, main dock, sta. 4, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. SGM et al.); UMAR-POLY 736 (Punta Colorada, Puerto Escondido, rocks, intertidal, May 18, 2012, coll. AWA et al.). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal. On sabellariid tubes, rocks and from angler pier (from Salina Cruz, Oaxaca). Also on rock and sand bottoms, on dead coral (Pocillopora damicornis) and on spiny oyster Spondylus calcifer Carpenter (now S. limbatus G. B. Sowerby II) (Bastida-Zavala 2008).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858723FFCDFF24FC3C5F20FA67.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Temperate and Tropical Eastern Pacific. Southern California (USA) to Ecuador. Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove (2003) questioned the circum (sub) tropical distribution as given in the literatura, and in the meantime the Australian and Hawaiian records have been attributed to a different taxon. However, Hydroides brachyacantha sensu stricto was recorded on the hull of a German tall ship upon arrival in Sydney, Australia (Lewis et al. 2006).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858723FFCDFF24FC3C5F20FA67.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hydroides brachyacantha was not commonly occurring on anthropogenic substrates, some specimens were found only in two samples on angler’s piers, from Oaxaca; however, the species was relatively abundant. In general, Hydroides brachyacantha is the most frequent and abundant Hydroides species in the Tropical Eastern Pacific, except for H. elegans, that is present in fouling communities in even larger numbers. Ten Hove (In: Lewis et al. 2006: 669) identified in 1990 one adult specimens of Hydroides brachyacantha sensu stricto (co-occurring with Spirobranchus minutus), obtained from scrapings of the tall ship “ Gorch Fock ” that arrived to Sydney Harbor after an almost three weeks stay in Acapulco, Guerrero; with this record ten Hove gave evidence for trans-Pacific transport by ship fouling. Sun et al. (2015) revised the genus Hydroides from Australia, including several specimens previously identified as H. brachyacantha for which they erected the new species H. amri, and confirm that H. brachyacantha is not present in Australia, except the ten Hove record (Sun et al. 2015: 19). In the case of Hydroides brachyacantha from Hawaii (Straughan 1969; Bailey-Brock 1976; 1987; Bastida- Zavala & ten Hove 2003), the specimens (some revised in Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003) agree with the description of H. amri (see above H. cf. amri). Lakshmana Rao (1969) recorded H. brachyacantha from some harbours of India; however, is need revise the specimens for the correct determination.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858721FFCFFF24FA965E54F841.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 45 specimens. Sonora: UMAR-Poly 737, 2 spec. (Puerto Peñasco, June 15, 1981, coll. SSV & JAL).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858721FFCFFF24FA965E54F841.taxon	description	Baja California: UMAR-Poly 738, 3 spec. (La Gringa, Bahía de los Ángeles cobbles on sand, scarce corals and sponges, 29 ° N, 113 ° 30 ’ W, 2 – 3 m in low tide, August 13, 1989, coll. HTH). Baja California Sur: UMAR-Poly 739, 3 spec. (Punta San Juanico, January 28, 1988, coll. JAL, don. UANL 0359); UMAR-Poly 740, 4 spec. (Concepción Bay, Requesón Beach, May 15, 1988, coll. RBZ); UANL 7864 (Puerto Escondido, scraping of pier, sta. 4: 25 ° 48 ’ 52.9 ” N, 111 ° 18 ’ 40.4 ” W, April 20, 2010, coll. JAL); UANL 7867 (same, sta. 2: 25 ° 48 ’ 53.1 ” N, 111 ° 18 ’ 40.5 ” W, April 2, 2011, coll. JAL); UANL 7865, 3 spec. (Marina Cantamar, Pichilingue, sta. 1: 24 ° 16 ’ 42.7 ” N, 110 ° 19 ’ 50.4 ” W, April 22, 2010, coll. JAL); UANL 7866, 2 spec. (Marina Fonatur, La Paz, 24 ° 07 ’ 29.7 ” N, 110 ° 20 ’ 47.1 ” W, November 14. 2013); UMAR-Poly 741 (La Paz Bay, Comitán Beach, October 18, 1989, coll. RBZ). Gulf of California: UMAR-Poly 742, 2 spec. (M-Serp- 1, IM (N)?, no more data, coll. GGG). Guerrero: UMAR-Poly 743 (La Quebrada, Acapulco, on Muricanthus, May 25, 2000, coll. AM). Oaxaca, UMAR-Poly 744 (Chacahua Lagoon, on rock, April 3, 2008); UMAR-POLY 745, 5 spec. (Corralero Lagoon and Panteón Beach, March 22 – 23 and May 15, 2010, coll. FAG, mixed samples); UMAR-Poly 746 (Panteón Beach, Puerto Ángel, 10 m, November 23, 2005, coll. GRC); UMAR-POLY 747 (Puerto Ángel, June 15, 2010, coll. JPQ & RRB); UMAR-POLY 748 (Estacahuite Beach, Puerto Ángel, April 18, 2005, coll. Yareth & SGM); UMAR- POLY 749 (Marina Chahué, Huatulco, on rocks, May 22, 2000, coll. RBZ); UMAR-POLY 750, 3 spec. (same, on mollusc, May 22, 2000, coll. RBZ); UMAR-Poly 751, 4 spec. (Salina Cruz, angler pier, main dock, sta. 4, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. SGM et al.); UMAR-Poly 752 (same, hull of the shrimp boat “ Golfo Pérsico ”, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. EVP); UMAR-POLY 753 (“ sample 85 ”, Oaxaca, 0 – 6 m, September 15, 2004). Panamá: UMAR-Poly 754, 3 spec. (Diablo Spinning Club, Balboa, June 5, 2002, coll. SSV). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (36 m, Long 1974). On mollusks, rocks and on anthropogenic substrates in marinas and ports from Pichilingue, La Paz and Puerto Escondido, Baja California Sur, and Chahué and Salina Cruz, Oaxaca. Also on the oyster “ Spondylus princeps unicolor ” (de León-González et al. 1993), on dead coral Pocillopora and in rock pools, with salinity range of 19 – 37 PSU (Bastida-Zavala 2008). Fouling species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858721FFCFFF24FA965E54F841.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tropical Eastern Pacific. From Gulf of California (México) to Málaga Bay (Colombia); also in Veracruz (Rioja 1958: 251) and Hawaii (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858721FFCFFF24FA965E54F841.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hydroides crucigera was found both on natural and anthropogenic substrates. The species probably is exotic in Hawaii; Straughan (1969) recorded samples from 1936 to 1968; later, Long (1974) recorded the species from Oahu, collected from 1968 to 1972, and Bailey-Brock (1976) recorded the species from several localities, from reef flats to reef slopes in Hawaii. It is a fouling species with potential to be introduced to other tropical regions by ships. Rioja (1958: 250 – 251) recorded Hydroides crucigera (as H. californicus) from two reef islands of Veracruz, Gulf of Mexico; unfortunately his collection was lost. Nonato & Luna (1970: 99 – 100, Fig. 106) recorded a specimen as Hydroides californicus from Alagoas coast, Brazil, to 100 m depth; however, the specimen could not be synonymized with H. crucigera because their illustration represents an opercular funnel with 24 bluntly tipped radii, while H. crucigera has 30 – 50 radii with pointed tips (Fig. 11 C). Also, the lateral spinules are represented as very small, almost triangular, while H. crucigera shows long lateral spinules (Fig. 11 C). By the number of radii and general shape of the spines Nonato & Luna’s material is similar to Hydroides sp. 1 Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove (2002), from the Caribbean, except for the number of lateral spinules, 2 – 4 pairs in Hydroides sp. 1 and only one pair in the specimen from Brazil.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873FFFD0FF24FF2E5826FBF5.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 20 specimens. Baja California Sur: UMAR-Poly 755 (La Paz Bay, approx. 24 ° 16 ’ 10 ” N, 110 º 19 ’ 29 ” W, SEAL-UABCS, PVC plate, one month in water, covered 85 – 90 % by serpulids, mostly H. elegans, May 24, 1991, coll. Luis Varela).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873FFFD0FF24FF2E5826FBF5.taxon	description	Guerrero: UMAR-Poly 756 (16 º 50 ’ N, 99 º 54 ’ W, Cantiles, La Quebrada, Acapulco, on rock oyster, 8 m, May 26, 2000, coll. AM). Oaxaca: UMAR-POLY 757 (Puerto Ángel, pier and beach, May 20, 2007, coll. FCC & SRH); UMAR-POLY 758, 2 spec. (Panteón Beach, Puerto Ángel, rocks, intertidal, June 12, 2012, coll. ERR & MJC). Panamá: UMAR-POLY 759 (Yachting Club, Balboa, June 1, 2002, coll. SSV). Perú: UMAR-Poly 760, 6 spec. (5 ° 84 ’ 59 ” S, 80 ° 94 ' 21 " O, Vichayo, Sechura, on shells of Argopecten purpuratus [Lamarck], 8 m, coll. IC); UMAR-Poly 761, 8 spec. (3 ° 38 ' 13 " S, 80 ° 35 ' 22 " O, Puerto La Cruz, Tumbes, 8 m, coll. IC). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (35 m, Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003). On PVC plate, rock oyster, on shells of Argopecten purpuratus, and one specimen found on a pier (Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca). Also in rock-pools and on a PVC structure surrounded by soft-bottom, with salinity range of 25 – 37 PSU (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873FFFD0FF24FF2E5826FBF5.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tropical Eastern Pacific. Baja California Sur (México) to Ecuador (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003) and Perú.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873FFFD0FF24FF2E5826FBF5.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hydroides deleoni was not commonly found on anthropogenic substrates; here we only report one specimen from a PVC plate (La Paz Bay) and another from a pier (Puerto Ángel); however, the species has a wide salinity range of 25 – 37 PSU (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873FFFD1FF24FB6B5A23FE97.taxon	distribution	Distribution. East Coast of United States, Bermuda, Gulf of Mexico, Mexican Caribbean, Mediterranean, European Atlantic, Senegal (western Africa), Japan (Zibrowius 1971; Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002; Link et al. 2009; Otani & Yamanishi 2010), China, Brazil and Black Sea (Sun & Yang 2000; Boltachova et al. 2011; Sun et al. 2016 a). Holguín-Quiñones (1994: 234) recorded the species in an oceanic island in the Mexican Pacific, but their record is indeterminable (see remarks). Hydroides dianthus was long regarded as native to the tropical Western Atlantic; recently its American origin has been questioned and its status as a species complex, consisting of two cryptic species with high invasive potential, was evaluated, concluding that the recent invasions to Brazil and China were from Florida population, while the invasion to Crimea came from Mediterranean population (Sun et al. 2016 a).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873FFFD1FF24FB6B5A23FE97.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The record of Hydroides dianthus by Holguín-Quiñones (1994) from Socorro Island (Mexican Pacific) is indeterminable because it lacks a description, figures, and the specimens were not deposited in a collection (Holguín-Quiñones, pers. comm. 2011). The species was not found in this study, but see Records not confirmed, below.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873EFFD2FF24FED659EFFD47.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 54 specimens. Baja California Sur: UANL 7870, 8 spec. (Marina Santa Rosalía, sta. 1: 27 ° 20 ’ 25.2 ” N, 112 ° 15 ’ 56.1 ” W, March 31 2011, coll. ARB & JAL); UANL 7871, 3 spec. (same, February 12, 2013, coll. JAL & JMC); UANL 7872, 4 spec. (Puerto Escondido, sta. 1: 25 ° 48 ’ 51.8 ” N, 111 ° 18 ’ 41.2 ” W, April 2, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB); UANL 7868 (Marina Cantamar, Pichilingue, sta. 1: 24 ° 16 ’ 42.7 ” N, 110 ° 19 ’ 50.4 ” W, April 22, 2010, ARB & JAL); UANL 7873, 17 spec. (Marina Los Cabos, San José del Cabo, sta. 1: 23 ° 03 ’ 42.4 ” N, 109 ° 40 ’ 27.8 ” W, April 4, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB); UANL 7869, 2 spec. (Marina Cabo San Lucas, sta. 1: 22 ° 53 ’ 09.1 ” N, 109 ° 54 ’ 38.4 ” W, April 22, 2010, coll. JAL); UANL 7874 (same, April 4, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873EFFD2FF24FED659EFFD47.taxon	description	Oaxaca: UMAR-Poly 762, 8 spec. (Salina Cruz, angler pier, main dock, sta. 4, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. SGM et al.); UMAR-Poly 763, 9 spec. (same, hull of the shrimp boat “ Golfo Pérsico ”, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. EVP); UMAR-POLY 764 (“ sample 85 ”, Oaxaca, 0 – 6 m, September 15, 2004). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (12 m, Sun et al. 2015). On anthropogenic substrates in marinas and ports (from Cabo San Lucas, San José del Cabo, Pichilingue, Puerto Escondido and Santa Rosalía, Baja California Sur, and from Salina Cruz, Oaxaca). Also on rocks on sandy bottom (Bastida-Zavala 2008) and oyster boxes suspended in Concepción Bay, Baja California Sur (Murtaugh & Hernández 2014). Fouling species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873EFFD2FF24FED659EFFD47.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Worldwide in temperate and tropical regions. Mediterranean, Gulf of Mexico to Brazil, South Africa, India, Australia, New Zealand, Philippines, South of Japan, Marshall Islands, Hawaii, California (USA), Gulf of California to Oaxaca (México) (Lakshmana Rao 1969; Zibrowius 1971; Imajima 1978; Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002; 2003; Bailey-Brock et al. 2012; Sun et al. 2012 a; Sun et al. 2015).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873EFFD2FF24FED659EFFD47.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Zibrowius (1992) and Ben-Eliahu & ten Hove (2011) mentioned that the origin of Hydroides dirampha probably is the tropical Eastern Atlantic. This species is present in the Tropical Eastern Pacific for at least 70 years; it was first recorded in Mazatlán, Sinaloa, by Rioja (1942), as H. malleophorus; half a century later, Bastida-Zavala (1993) recorded a specimen from a beach in La Paz Bay. Straughan (1969) recorded H. dirampha from samples collected in Oahu, Hawaii, between 1929 and 1968. More recently, Tovar-Hernández et al. (2012) and Tovar-Hernández et al. (2014) recorded the species in the fouling from Mazatlán, Sinaloa; La Paz, Baja California Sur, and Guaymas, Sonora. Almost all historic and recent records of Hydroides dirampha, from the Tropical Eastern Pacific were in ports and marinas, on anthropogenic substrates. However, in the Hawaiian Islands it is abundant both in natural sites (reef flats) and in boat harbors (Long 1974; Bailey-Brock 1976). In Concepción Bay, Baja California Sur, Murtaugh & Hernández (2014) found that the species abundance changes drastically from warm (abundant, more than 60 specimens found in three oyster cages deployed in the water six times) to cold season (only one specimen found in three oyster cages deployed six times).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873DFFD3FF24FCAC5A8CF982.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 3,545 specimens. Baja California Sur: UANL 7875, 548 spec. (Marina Santa Rosalía, sta. 3: 27 ° 20 ’ 24.5 ” N, 112 ° 15 ’ 56.1 ” W, April 19, 2010, ARB & JAL); UANL 7876 (same, sta. 4: 27 ° 20 ’ 23.9 ” N, 112 ° 15 ’ 55.9 ” W, April 19, 2010, ARB & JAL); UANL 7877, 1,271 spec. (same, Sta. 1, 27 ° 20 ’ 25.2 ” N, 112 ° 15 ’ 56.1 ” W, March 31, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB); UANL 7878, 1,702 spec. (Puerto Escondido, sta. 1: 25 ° 48 ’ 51.8 ” N, 111 ° 18 ’ 41.2 ” W, sta. 2: 25 ° 48 ’ 53.1 ” N, 111 ° 18 ’ 40.5 ” W, April 2, 2011, coll. ARB & JAL); UANL 7879 (Marina Palmira, La Paz, 24 ° 11 ’ 05.3 ” N, 110 ° 18 ’ 12.8 ” W, April 3, 2011, coll. ARB & JAL).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873DFFD3FF24FCAC5A8CF982.taxon	description	Oaxaca: UMAR-Poly 765, 4 spec. (Salina Cruz, angler pier, main dock, sta. 4, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. SGM et al.); UMAR-Poly 766, 10 spec. (same, hull of the shrimp boat “ Golfo Pérsico ”, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. EVP): UMAR-POLY 767, 8 spec. (“ sample 85 ”, Oaxaca, 0 – 6 m, September 15, 2004). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (20 m, Sun et al. 2015); deeper records, 110 – 1,200 m from California (LACM- AHF 1377, 2475, 2792, 2850), were regarded to be questionable by Bastida-Zavala (2008: 26). Most records of Hydroides elegans were as fouling on artificial substrates: hulls of ships, terracotta and PVC panels and harbor structures. In the Hawaiian Islands it was also found on reef flats, reef slope and on the native alga Dictyosphaeria cavernosa (Bailey-Brock 1976). In the material studied the specimens were associated only with anthropogenic substrates in marinas and ports from La Paz, Puerto Escondido and Santa Rosalía, Baja California Sur, and from Salina Cruz, Oaxaca. Fouling species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873DFFD3FF24FCAC5A8CF982.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Worldwide in temperate and tropical regions. Mediterranean, North Sea, Gulf of Mexico to Brazil, South Africa, Persian Gulf, India, Australia, Micronesia; California (USA) to Oaxaca (México), Hawaii (Zibrowius 1971; Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002; 2003; Sun et al. 2015).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873DFFD3FF24FCAC5A8CF982.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The confusion between Hydroides elegans and H. norvegica Gunnerus, 1768 was unraveled by Zibrowius (1971), mainly on the basis of the collar chaetae: in H. norvegica with 2 – 3 teeth, while they have many small teeth in H. elegans. Hydroides norvegica has a distribution limited to the boreal Atlantic and subtidal waters in the Mediterranean, while H. elegans has a worldwide distribution in temperate and tropical waters, mainly in harbors and marinas (Zibrowius 1971; ten Hove 1974; Zibrowius 1992; Kupriyanova & Jirkov 1997; Bastida- Zavala & ten Hove 2002; 2003; Moen 2006; Bastida-Zavala 2008; Ben-Eliahu & ten Hove 2011). Long (1974: 28) recorded both H. elegans and H. norvegica from Oahu, Hawaii; however, after the revision of Zibrowius (1971) it is uncertain if the specimens identified by Long as H. norvegica belong to H. elegans or a different taxon. Zibrowius (1992) doubted if Hydroides elegans originated from Australia; however, Ben-Eliahu & ten Hove (2011) propose that its origin probably is Australia and Sun et al. (2015) suggest on biogeographical and ecological reasons that H. elegans is likely to be a native to Australia. Many historic and recent records of H. elegans come from ports and marinas, on anthropogenic substrates; however, in the Hawaiian Islands the species was found in both natural sites and in boat harbors (Long 1974; Bailey-Brock 1976); also, H. elegans was found in Australia both in natural sites (lagoons), as well as fouling of fish farms, harbors and ship’s hulls (Sun et al. 2015).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873CFFD4FF24F9F75ACFFC8F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. One specimen. Oaxaca: UMAR-Poly 768 (Panteón Beach, Puerto Ángel, 10 m, November 23, 2005, coll. GRC).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873CFFD4FF24F9F75ACFFC8F.taxon	description	Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (50 m, Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002). On fire coral Millepora (Mörch 1863), oyster “ Spondylus princeps unicolor ” (de León-González et al. 1993), and dead coral (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873CFFD4FF24F9F75ACFFC8F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Native to the Caribbean Sea (Zibrowius 1969), it was recorded early in the Pacific of Panamá (Monro 1933 b); later in Ecuador from specimens collected in 1966 (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003); and from the Gulf of California (de León-González et al. 1993). This new record extends its known geographical range to the north, with approximately 2,000 km along the littoral, from Panamá to Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873CFFD4FF24F9F75ACFFC8F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hydroides gairacensis is recorded only from four sites in the Tropical Eastern Pacific: Taboga Island, Panamá (Monro 1933 b); Guayaquil, Ecuador (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003); Puerto Escondido Bay, Baja California Sur (de León-González et al. 1993); and Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca; each record is represented by one specimen, maybe these are incidental introductions to the Pacific via the Panamá Canal. Here it is considered to be a cryptogenic species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873AFFD5FF24FF2E5E43FBBA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Three specimens. Oaxaca: UMAR-POLY 769, 3 spec. (Marina Chahué, Huatulco, on mollusk, May 22, 2000, coll. RBZ).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873AFFD5FF24FF2E5E43FBBA.taxon	description	Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (17 m, Bastida-Zavala 1995). On mollusk in a dock. Also on dead coral Pocillopora and on spiny oyster Spondylus calcifer (now S. limbatus) (Bastida-Zavala 2008).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873AFFD5FF24FF2E5E43FBBA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexican Pacific. Baja California Sur to Oaxaca (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873AFFD5FF24FF2E5E43FBBA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. From Rioja’s original name Hydroides glandiferum, subsequently changed to Olgaharmania glandifera, it is evident that Rioja intended the specific name to be an adjective which should follow the gender of the genus. Since the genus Hydroides in the meantime is feminine again (ICZN 1999: Art. 30.1.4.4), the correct ending is – a. Hydroides glandifera is found on corals and mollusks; it is a rare species in the Mexican Pacific.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873AFFD6FF24FB3D5861FE96.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Four specimens. Oaxaca: UMAR-Poly 770, 4 spec. (Salina Cruz, angler pier, main dock, sta. 4, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. SGM et al.).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873AFFD6FF24FB3D5861FE96.taxon	description	Habitat. Subtidal, 1 – 10 m (Bastida-Zavala 2008). Found on an angler pier in Salina Cruz, Oaxaca. Also on mangrove, rock and spiny oysters (Ostrea iridescens Hanley, O. columbiensis Hanley and Spondylus calcifer [now S. limbatus]) and cobbles on sand (Bastida-Zavala 2008). Occasionally part of fouling fauna.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873AFFD6FF24FB3D5861FE96.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tropical Eastern Pacific. Baja California to Panamá (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785873AFFD6FF24FB3D5861FE96.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hydroides humilis is a tiny and rare species; it probably has gone unseen or has been confused with juveniles of other species as H. brachyacantha, H. inermis or H. deleoni, whose opercula are somewhat similar to those of H. humilis. However, the former species have bayonet collar chaetae with two main teeth only, while H. humilis has collar chaetae with two teeth and a proximal rasp (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003, Fig. 15 h). The specific morphological and chaetal characters should be revised in juveniles of Hydroides spp. to evaluate if the specific status of H. humilis is supported or if the nominal taxon represents a semaphoront (juvenile stage) of some, or several, Hydroides species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858739FFD6FF24FED65A62FBD1.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Three specimens. Oaxaca: UMAR-Poly 771, 3 spec. (Agua Blanca Beach, rocks, intertidal, April 27, 2012, coll. OCR).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858739FFD6FF24FED65A62FBD1.taxon	description	Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (91 m, Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003). In tide pools, on sand and weed (Monro 1933 b; Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858739FFD6FF24FED65A62FBD1.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Previously only known from the Galápagos Islands and North Perú (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003), our record extends its known geographical range from Santiago (James) Island, to Agua Blanca, Oaxaca (approximately 1,860 km to the north in a straight line).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858739FFD6FF24FED65A62FBD1.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Some specimens of Hydroides inermis that have a more developed dorsal spine (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003, Fig. 16 A) could be somewhat confused with H. brachyacantha or H. deleoni; however, H. inermis has fewer (7 – 8) and broad verticil spines, with blunt tips, while the two latter species generally have more verticil spines (7 – 11) with pointed tips. The species is rare except, maybe, in the Galápagos Islands (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858739FFD7FF24FB175937FEEF.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Two specimens. Guerrero: UMAR-Poly 772 (17 ° 37 ’ 10.58 ” N, 101 ° 31 ’ 27.23 ” W, Zihuatanejo, Manzanillo, Tlacoyunque, sta. 3, on coral Pocillopora damicornis, 3 m, December 4, 2010, coll. SGG).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858739FFD7FF24FB175937FEEF.taxon	description	Oaxaca: UMAR-POLY 773 (Chacahua Lagoon, on rock, April 3, 2008); Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (10 m, Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003). On coral Pocillopora damicornis. Also in rock pools, on rocks and bivalve shells (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003; Bastida-Zavala 2008).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858739FFD7FF24FB175937FEEF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tropical Eastern Pacific. From Manzanillo, Guerrero to Colombia and Galápagos Islands (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858739FFD7FF24FB175937FEEF.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove (2003) corrected the specific name from ochotereana to ochoterena, because Rioja (1941 a: 167) dedicated the species to Ignacio Ochoterena, a masculine noun; however, as it was the author who was responsible for an incorrect latinisation (ICZN 1999: Art. 32.5.1) his original spelling should not corrected. Hydroides ochotereana is rare except in Acapulco, Guerrero, and Galápagos Islands, where several specimens were found. With this new record its known geographical range is extended from Manzanillo Point, in Acapulco area (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003) to Manzanillo, in Zihuatanejo area, both located in Guerrero, along the littoral approximately 200 km to the north.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858738FFD8FF24FA555FE6FC9F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 10 specimens. Michoacán: UMAR-Poly 774 (Faro de Bucerías, on sabellariid tubes, December 21, 1996, coll. SGM). Oaxaca: UMAR-Poly 775 (Agua Blanca Beach, rocks, intertidal, April 27, 2012, coll. OECR); UMAR-Poly 776 (Estacahuite, Puerto Ángel, rocks, intertidal, June 2, 2012, coll. AVB); UMAR-POLY 777 (Marina Chahué, Huatulco, on mollusc, May 22, 2000, coll. RBZ); UMAR-Poly 778, 4 spec. (Salina Cruz, angler pier, main dock, sta. 4, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. SGM et al.); UMAR-POLY 779, 2 spec. (“ sample 85 ”, Oaxaca, 0 – 6 m, September 15, 2004).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858738FFD8FF24FA555FE6FC9F.taxon	description	Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (9 m, Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003). On sabellariid colonies, on mollusk in a dock and on an angler pier; on rocks. Salinity range of 19 – 37 PSU (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003). Fouling species in marinas, ports and on PVC plates in Punta Culebra, Panamá (Bastida-Zavala, pers. obs.).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858738FFD8FF24FA555FE6FC9F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Previously known from the Pacific of Panamá and Ecuador (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003), and Costa Rica (Tovar-Hernández et al. 2015), the known geographical range of Hydroides panamensis is extended to Faro de Bucerías, Michoacán, along the littoral approximately 3,075 km to the north.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858738FFD8FF24FA555FE6FC9F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hydroides panamensis was found both on natural and anthropogenic substrates, being more common on the latter. The species is very abundant in Panamá and is relatively scarce in México, which possibly suggest a recent introduction by ships and yachts. This fouling species has potential to be introduced to other tropical regions by ships. Some specimens from Mazatlán, Sinaloa were recorded as Hydroides recurvispina by Tovar-Hernández et al. (2009 b); later those specimens were described as a new species, H. dolabrus Tovar-Hernández, Villalobos- Guerrero, Kupriyanova & Sun, 2015, supported with morphological and molecular characters. Tovar-Hernández et al. (2015: 9) mentioned that “ Hydroides dolabrus sp. nov. is more similar to H. panamensis than to the rest of the species to the extent that these two species can be easily confused; and the phylogram, based on the combined dataset of 18 S, cyt b and COI DNA sequence fragments, show both species as a sister group.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858737FFD8FF24FCDE5FF4FAD7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hydroides parva is native to the tropical Western Atlantic. Florida; southern Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea and Brazil (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002). Rivera & Romero de Rivera (2008: 23) recorded the species from El Salvador; but is questionable because only is mentioned in a check-list, lacks a description or figures, but the specimen was placed in a collection (IM-An-Poly-Ser- 001).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858737FFD8FF24FCDE5FF4FAD7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The species was not found in this study, but see Records not confirmed, below.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858737FFD8FF24FA165AC2F8E8.taxon	description	Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (9 m), on rocks, sponges, oysters, cement pilings and as fouling on bottom of locks (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002; 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858737FFD8FF24FA165AC2F8E8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amphi-American. Caribbean Sea and Costa Rica, Panamá and Ecuador (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002; 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858737FFD8FF24FA165AC2F8E8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hydroides salazarvallejoi not was found in this study, but see Overview of the sabellid and serpulid introductions, below.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858736FFD9FF24FF2E5E72F867.taxon	description	Hydroides (Eucarphus) sanctae-crucis Krøyer [in] Mörch, 1863: 378 – 379, pl. 11, Fig. 12. Type locality: Saint Croix, Caribbean Sea. Eupomatus sanctae crucis. — Rioja 1958: 262 – 264 (Verde Island and Santiaguillo Island, Veracruz).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858736FFD9FF24FF2E5E72F867.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 71 specimens. Sonora: UANL 7883, 2 spec. (Marina Real, Puerto San Carlos, 27 ° 56 ’ 41.7 ” N, 111 ° 05 ’ 35.6 ” W, July 7, 2011, coll. JAL & ALE).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858736FFD9FF24FF2E5E72F867.taxon	description	Baja California Sur: UANL 7882, 42 spec. (Marina Fonatur, La Paz, 24 ° 07 ’ 29.7 ” N, 110 ° 20 ’ 47.1 ” W, November 14, 2013); UANL 7881 (Marina Puerto Los Cabos, San José del Cabo, sta. 1, 23 ° 03 ’ 42.4 ” N, 109 ° 40 ’ 27.8 ” W, April 4, 2011, coll. ARB & JAL); UANL 7880, 2 spec. (Marina Cabo San Lucas, sta. 1: 22 ° 53 ’ 09.1 ” N, 109 ° 54 ’ 38.4 ” W, April 22, 2010, coll. ARB & JAL). Oaxaca: UMAR-Poly 780, 4 spec. (Salina Cruz, angler pier, main dock, sta. 4, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. SGM et al.); UMAR-Poly 781, 10 spec. (same, hull of the shrimp boat “ Golfo Pérsico ”, 1 m, May 26, 2011, coll. EVP); UMAR-Poly 782, 10 spec. (Laguna Inferior, San Dionisio del Mar, 16 ° 18 ’ 8 ” N, 94 ° 44 ’ 56 ” W, 0.5 m, salinity = 30.77 PSU, August 30, 2014, coll. CPR). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (5 m, Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002). On anthropogenic substrates in marinas and ports (from Cabo San Lucas and San José del Cabo, Baja California Sur; Puerto San Carlos, Sonora; and Salina Cruz, Oaxaca). On rocks, floats and piers, salinity range 19 – 37 PSU (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003). Fouling species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858736FFD9FF24FF2E5E72F867.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, from Eastern Florida to French Guyana. As exotic species in the Pacific side of Panamá (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002), Oaxaca (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003), Gulf of California (Tovar-Hernández et al. 2012), Hawaii (Long 1974), northern Australia and Singapore (Lewis et al. 2006).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858736FFD9FF24FF2E5E72F867.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The first record of Hydroides sanctaecrucis in the Tropical Eastern Pacific was from Panamá, specimens collected in 1972 (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2002); previously, the species was reported from Oahu, Hawaii, collected 1968 – 1972 (Long 1974). The species was recorded from Oaxaca, collected in 2000 (Bastida- Zavala & ten Hove 2003); from Northern Australia, collected between 1998 and 2001; from Singapore, sampled 2002 (Lewis et al. 2006), moreover, these authors suspect that H. cf. uncinata, as recorded by Sun & Yang (2000, Figs 7 J-L) from the China Sea, might be H. sanctaecrucis; and from Darwin, Northern Territory of Australia in 2014 (Sun et al. 2015). Recently, the species was recorded from several localities in the Gulf of California (Tovar- Hernández et al. 2012). In Northern Australia and Singapore Hydroides sanctaecrucis is an invasive species which reaches high abundances in several areas (Lewis et al. 2006). Although the species has been present in Oaxaca and Los Cabos marinas for several years, its abundance is not very high, approximately 25 – 50 specimens / m 2. Lakshmana Rao (1969: 9, Plate 6, Figs A – H) described Hydroides vizagensis Lakshmana Rao, 1969 from Visakhapatnam, northeastern of India; however, the description and the figure of the operculum correspond to the H. sanctaecrucis description (opinion shared with Lena Kupriyanova and Harry ten Hove, pers. comm. 2016). Would need revise the type specimens (deposited in Andhra University, India) for confirm that suspicion.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858735FFDAFF24FF2E5BAFFA24.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 84 specimens. Sonora: UMAR-Poly 783, 3 spec. (Puerto Peñasco, no more data, coll. SSV et al.).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858735FFDAFF24FF2E5BAFFA24.taxon	description	Baja California Sur: UANL 7892, 6 spec. (Marina Santa Rosalía, sta. 1, 27 ° 20 ’ 25.2 ” N, 112 ° 15 ’ 56.1 ” W, February 12, 2013, coll. JAL & JMC); UANL 7885 (Marina Loreto, sta. 2: 26 ° 00 ’ 54.9 ’ N, 111 ° 20 ’ 21 ” W, April 20, 2010, coll. JAL); UANL 7887, 5 spec. (Puerto Escondido, sta. 2: 25 ° 48 ’ 53.1 ” N, 111 ° 18 ’ 40.5 ” W, April 2, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB); UANL 7886, 23 spec. (Marina Cantamar, Pichilingue, sta. 1: 24 ° 16 ’ 42.7 ” W, 110 ° 19 ’ 50.4 ” W, April 22, 2010, coll. JAL); UANL 7889, 35 spec. (same, April 3, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB); UANL 7888, 2 spec. (Marina Palmira, La Paz, 24 ° 11 ’ 05.3 ” N, 110 ° 18 ’ 12.8 ” W, April 3, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB); UANL 7890, 3 spec. (Marina de La Paz, sta. 1: 24 ° 09 ’ 17.7 ” N, 110 ° 19 ’ 32.3 ” W, April 3, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB); UANL 7891 (same, sta. 2: 24 ° 09 ’ 17.6 ” N, 110 ° 19 ’ 32.2 ” W, April 3, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB); UANL 7892 (Marina Fonatur, La Paz, 24 ° 07 ’ 29.7 ” N, 110 ° 20 ’ 47.1 ” W, November 14, 2013, coll. JAL & JMC); UMAR-Poly 784 (Espíritu Santo-La Partida Islands, La Paz Bay, 5 m, on sponge Aplysina fistularis, sta. 0590 - B, April 20, 1990, coll. MBL); UMAR- Poly 785, 2 spec. (La Paz Bay, El Caimancito Beach, April 20, 1988, coll. RBZ); UMAR-Poly 786 (Coral Los Frailes, sta. 989 - 3, September 18, 1989, coll. MPHC, JKM & RBZ). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (18 m, Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003). On corals, sponges and on anthropogenic substrates in marinas (from Pichilingue, La Paz and Puerto Escondido, Baja California Sur). Also on dead corals, in rock pools and on spines of sea urchin Eucidaris thouarsii (Bastida-Zavala 1995; Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003; Bastida-Zavala 2008). Fouling species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858735FFDAFF24FF2E5BAFFA24.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tropical Eastern Pacific. Baja California and Sonora (México) to Panamá (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858735FFDAFF24FF2E5BAFFA24.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hydroides similis is a very common serpulid in the Gulf coast of Baja California Peninsula. The southern records from Socorro Island, Pacific of Costa Rica and Panamá (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003) are possibly incidental introductions. It is a fouling species with potential to be introduced in other tropical regions by vessels.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858735FFDBFF24F9B85A0BFE26.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Three specimens. Sonora: UMAR-Poly 787 (Puerto Peñasco, no more data, coll. SSV et al.). Guerrero: UMAR-POLY 788, 2 spec. (Manzanillo Beach, Zihuatanejo, on Pocillopora damicornis, 5 – 7 m, December 4, 2011, coll. ALP).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858735FFDBFF24F9B85A0BFE26.taxon	description	Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (10 m, Bastida-Zavala 2008). On cobbles surrounded by sand, mangrove roots, dead and live corals (Pocillopora damicornis), spiny oysters (Spondylus limbatus), rocks and on locks (upper and lower chambers) of the Panamá Canal (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003; Bastida-Zavala 2008). Occasionally part of fouling fauna.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858735FFDBFF24F9B85A0BFE26.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tropical Eastern Pacific. Gulf of California, Oaxaca (México) and Panamá (Bastida-Zavala & ten Hove 2003).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858735FFDBFF24F9B85A0BFE26.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hydroides trompi is found on several substrates; the type specimens came from the locks of Panamá Canal; it is rare.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858734FFDCFF24F9CA5A28F942.taxon	description	Pomatostegus kröyeri. — Dean 2004: 165 (list of polychaetes from Costa Rica).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858734FFDCFF24F9CA5A28F942.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 14 specimens. Sonora: UANL 7893, 3 spec. (Marina San Carlos, 27 ° 56 ’ 54.5 ” N, 111 ° 03 ’ 17.3 ” W, July 2, 2011, coll. JAL & ALE).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858734FFDCFF24F9CA5A28F942.taxon	description	Baja California Sur: UMAR-Poly 789, 2 spec. (Margarita Island, Magdalena Bay, February 23, 1989); UMAR- Poly 790 - OH (Caleritas Beach, La Paz Bay, March 1, 2006, coll. DHP et al.). Guerrero: UMAR-Poly 791, 2 spec. (Caleta de Chón, 6 m, on Pocillopora damicornis, December 2, 2010, coll. SGG). Oaxaca: UMAR-Poly 792 (off Centro Mexicano de la Tortuga Aquarium, Mazunte, 2 m, on rock, June 11, 2013, coll. TPP & CVO); UMAR-Poly 793 (San Agustinillo, on mollusk shell, May 11, 2013, coll. AGM et al.); UMAR- Poly 794 (Camarón Beach, on coral, April 27, 2013, coll. RXP & VHAR); UMAR-Poly 795 (Puerto Ángel, on rocks, May 3, 2010, coll. HSB & APO); UMAR-Poly 796 (San Agustín Beach, 5.8 m, on Pocillopora damicornis, February 23, 2010, coll. RGF & SGG); UMAR-Poly 797 (Montosa Island, 6 m, on Pocillopora damicornis, February 22, 2010, coll. RGF & SGG). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (64 m, Treadwell 1937). Generally below rocks, on live and dead coral (Pocillopora verrucosa [Ellis & Solander] and P. damicornis), oysters and pier piles (Bastida-Zavala 2008). Occasionally part of fouling fauna.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858734FFDCFF24F9CA5A28F942.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tropical Eastern Pacific, from Gulf of California to Colombia (Bastida-Zavala 2008).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858734FFDCFF24F9CA5A28F942.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Mörch (1863) named the species as Pomatostegus krØyeri; however, Article 32.5.2.1 explicitly states that a diacritic letter (as “ ø ”) should be corrected to an “ o ” without slash (ICZN 1999). Most records of Pomatostegus from the Tropical Eastern Pacific were as P. stellatus, a species described from the Caribbean and generally considered to be a circumtropical species; however, ten Hove & Kupriyanova (2009: 78) suggest on the basis of unpublished data that the Tropical Eastern Pacific P. kroyeri is different from P. stellatus, the latter limited to the American Atlantic (e. g., Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000 a; a third species, Pomatostegus actinoceras Mörch, 1863, is distributed in the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific (e. g., Kupriyanova et al. 2015). Mörch (1863: 399) erected Pomatostegus kroyeri for Serpula stellata (not Abildgaard) — Grube, 1859 (p. 113 - 114), from Puntarenas (Pacific of Costa Rica). Only since the third decade of the last century was the taxon regularly reported (as P. stellatus) from several localities from Panamá, including the Canal Zone (Monro 1928; 1933 b), and from the Mexican Pacific. Except for Panamá (Monro 1933 b) and Colombia (Laverde-Castillo 1988) it is not very common. Records from ship hulls or other artificial structures are rare, the Panamá docks (Monro 1933 b), two marina piers from Loreto, Baja California Sur (Bastida-Zavala 2008) and San Carlos, Sonora (this work). This might support the hypothesis that the Pacific population is different from that in the Caribbean (ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009); however a morphological (and DNA) comparison of specimens from both sides of the isthmus is needed to clarify the status of P. kroyeri.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858733FFDDFF24F8EC5F2BF9EA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Four specimens. Baja California: UANL 7894 (Bahía de los Ángeles, main pier, on wood, 2 m, sta. 1: 28 ° 56 ’ 52.9 ” N, 113 ° 33 ’ 25.3 ” W, April 17, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858733FFDDFF24F8EC5F2BF9EA.taxon	description	Michoacán: UMAR-Poly 798, 3 spec. (Faro de Bucerías, on sabellariid tubes, December 21, 1996, coll. SGM). Atlantic side of Panamá: STRI (on pier of Smithsonian Institution station in Bocas del Toro, photo in vivo by Betel Martínez-Guerrero, August 14, 2008, coll. Leslie Harris). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (111 m, Rioja 1963, off Carmen Island). On sabellariid tubes, rocks (Bastida- Zavala 2008) and piers (Monro 1933 b). Occasionally part of fouling fauna.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858733FFDDFF24F8EC5F2BF9EA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tropical Eastern Pacific, from Baja California Sur to Colombia (Monro 1933 b; Bastida-Zavala 2008). Also recorded from Brazil (Zibrowius 1970), Florida (Perkins 1998), Cuba (Bastida-Zavala & Salazar- Vallejo 2000 a, as Protula diomedeae); it may be an exotic species in the Atlantic.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858733FFDDFF24F8EC5F2BF9EA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Crossland (i n: Monro 1933 b: 1090) mentioned some characters in living Protula balboensis, describing well developed thoracic membranes, with a “ large blotch of vermilion … ” and a branchial crown with “ green blood vessels and vermilion spots ”; characters that also were observed by us in vivo in specimens collected in Bocas del Toro, Atlantic coast of Panamá (Fig. 13 A) and Baja California Sur (Fig. 13 B). Benedict (1887) described Protula diomedeae from off Cape Hatteras, in depths between 79 and 2,360 m, and with calcareous tubes attached to the substrate only by the base, while P. balboensis is recorded mainly from shallow waters and the tube is attached to the substrate in almost its entire length. The specimen recorded by Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo (2000 a) from Cuba as P. diomedeae, corresponds rather to P. balboensis, because the radioles have the basal process characteristic for the species. The presence of Protula balboensis in the Tropical Western Atlantic may be a historic introduction as fouling on ships, since the taxon is only recorded from a few sites, some from ports or fouling plates: Jururú Bay, Cuba (collected in 1988), Lixa Reef (Abrolhos), Brazil (5 m, collected in 1962) (Zibrowius 1970; Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000 a), the northern of Gulf of Mexico and Eastern Florida (from fouling plates in ports, collected between 1999 - 2005, Bastida-Zavala et al., unpublished data), and Bocas del Toro, Panamá (this work). The record of the temperate Protula atypha Bush, 1905 by Shepherd (1972) from Baja California Sur is doubtful and should be checked; Hernández-Alcántara et al. (2003: 9) list Treadwell’s (1914) record of P. a t y p ha erroneously from Mexican coasts, it is from Santa Catalina Island, Southern California.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858732FFDEFF24F94C5BA0FD81.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amphi-American. Pseudovermilia multispinosa was recorded in Florida, Caribbean Sea and in only one site from eastern Pacific (Gorgona Island, western Colombia) (ten Hove 1975; Bastida-Zavala & Salazar- Vallejo 2000 b).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858732FFDEFF24F94C5BA0FD81.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The species was not found in this study, but see Overview of the sabellid and serpulid introductions, below.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858731FFDFFF24FDE45BB8FD92.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 91 specimens. Baja California Sur: UMAR-Poly 799 - OH, 2 spec. (Caleritas Beach, La Paz Bay, 1 – 2 m, March 1, 2006, coll. DHP et al.).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858731FFDFFF24FDE45BB8FD92.taxon	description	Michoacán: UMAR-Poly 800, 4 spec. (Caleta de Campos, on sabellariid tubes, December 17, 1994, coll. RBZ). Oaxaca: UMAR-POLY 801, 6 spec. (La Tijera Beach, on coral, April 30, 2005, coll. RBZ & GRC); UMAR- POLY 802, 18 spec. (Salchi Bay, Huatulco, sta. 3, on Pocillopora damicornis, 9 m, March 26, 2010, coll. ALP); UMAR-POLY 803, 2 spec. (Riscalillo Beach, on coral, June 16, 2004, coll. SGM); UMAR-POLY 804, 58 spec. (La Entrega Beach, on coral rubble, 2 – 3 m, May 23, 2000, coll. SSV et al.); UMAR-POLY 805 (Conejos Bay, Huatulco, June 11, 2005, coll. JHB & GNL). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (30 m, de León-González et al. 1993); to 250 m according to ten Hove (1975). On calcareous substrates such as the oyster “ Spondylus princeps unicolor ” (de León-González et al. 1993), dead corals, sea urchin spines and on sabellariid tubes (Bastida-Zavala 2008).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858731FFDFFF24FDE45BB8FD92.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amphi-American and amphi-Atlantic. In the Eastern Pacific from California to Galápagos, and Hawaii (ten Hove 1975).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858731FFDFFF24FDE45BB8FD92.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pseudovermilia occidentalis was confused with Vermiliopsis multiannulata in the Eastern Pacific; however, the former species has thoracic membranes ending at the second thoracic chaetiger, and a black operculum; the thoracic membranes of V. multiannulata ends at the third thoracic chaetiger, and the operculum generally is reddish, yellow, or dark brown, never black (ten Hove 1975; Bastida-Zavala 2008). Pseudovermilia occidentalis is very common in the Eastern Pacific, almost as common as in the Caribbean. The species is polymorphic in its opercula; Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo (2000 a) suggested a comparison between specimens of both coasts of America; however, until now no significant morphological differences were found. Whether or not populations of both coasts belong to the same species can only be decided by a DNA analysis.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858730FFE0FF24F8B85873FCEA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Eleven specimens. Oaxaca: UMAR-POLY 806, 11 spec. (La India Beach, Huatulco, on Spondylus calcifer [now S. limbatus], December 3, 2005, coll. JHB).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858730FFE0FF24F8B85873FCEA.taxon	description	Habitat. Subtidal (6 – 30 m, de León-González et al. 1993; Bastida-Zavala 2008); ten Hove (1973) recorded 13 – 53 m. On the spiny oysters “ Spondylus princeps unicolor ” (de León-González et al. 1993) and S. limbatus.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858730FFE0FF24F8B85873FCEA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amphi-American. Caribbean Sea; western coast of Baja California (Guadalupe Island), western coast of Baja California Sur (Cabo San Lázaro and Punta San Juanico), Gulf of California (Puerto Escondido), Mexican south Pacific (Acapulco, Puerto Escondido and Huatulco) and Pacific of Colombia (Octavia Bay) (ten Hove 1973; de León-González 1990; de León-González et al. 1993; Bastida-Zavala 2008). The record by Bastida- Zavala (2008) of the Pacific of Panamá is a mistake.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC3987858730FFE0FF24F8B85873FCEA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pyrgopolon ctenactis is recorded from a few localities in the Tropical Eastern Pacific. The Pacific population of this subtidal species might be a Pleistocene relict, the taxon was never reported from ship hulls, thus dispersion as fouling of ships is unlikely. However, a thorough review and comparison between Atlantic and Pacific populations is necessary, including a DNA analysis.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870FFFE1FF24FC435812FD0F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 3,840 specimens. Baja California: UANL 7895, 60 spec. (Bahía de los Ángeles, sta. 2: 28 ° 56 ’ 52.9 ” N, 113 ° 33 ’ 24.9 ” W, April 17, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870FFFE1FF24FC435812FD0F.taxon	description	Baja California Sur: UANL 7896, 2,248 spec. (Marina Santa Rosalía, sta. 1, 27 ° 20 ’ 25.2 ” N, 112 ° 15 ’ 56.1 ” W, April 31, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB); UANL 7897, 1,492 spec. (Marina Loreto, 26 ° 00 ’ 54.9 ” N, 111 ° 20 ’ 21.4 ” W, April 2, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB). Oaxaca: UMAR-POLY 832, 11 spec. (Puerto Ángel, pier and beach, May 20, 2007, coll. FCC & SRH); UMAR-POLY 833, 29 spec. (Estacahuite Beach, Puerto Ángel, sample 39, April 9, 2005). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (116 m, Bastida-Zavala 2008). Several samples are from anthropogenic substrates in marinas and ports (from Puerto Loreto and Santa Rosalía, Baja California Sur, from Bahía de los Ángeles, Baja California, and from Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca). Recorded from dead coral, from Oaxaca, and as fouling on PVC plates and hulls, from Alaska, California and Hawaii (Bastida-Zavala 2008). Fouling species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870FFFE1FF24FC435812FD0F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. North-Eastern Pacific. From Alaska to California (USA); Hawaii and Mexican Pacific (Moore 1923; Nogueira & ten Hove 2000).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870FFFE1FF24FC435812FD0F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Salmacina tribranchiata is a colonial species; in the Santa Rosalía and Loreto marinas, as well as on rocks of a municipal beach of Bahía de los Ángeles, it forms colonies of tens to hundreds of specimens. The species is common in anthropogenic substrates, making transport by means of ships and yachts likely. It is problematic to distinguish the several nominal taxa of Salmacina; Nogueira & ten Hove (2000, Table 2) gave a noteworthy discussion of the species and the characters used to separate them, sometimes the differences are very subtle or the characters overlap between the species; the use of SEM was recommended by Ben-Eliahu & ten Hove (2011). In this paper we regard specimens of Salmacina from Alaska to the Mexican Pacific to constitute a single species, until a molecular analysis will prove otherwise.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870EFFE2FF24FCAD5BBFFD47.taxon	description	Spirobranchus incrassatus Krøyer [in] Mörch, 1863: 405, pl. 11, Figs 21 – 23. Type locality: Pacific of Colombia, on Margaritifera sp. (now Pinctada sp.).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870EFFE2FF24FCAD5BBFFD47.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 18 specimens. Baja California Sur: UANL 7898, 8 spec. (Puerto Escondido, sta. 2: 25 ° 48 ’ 53.1 ” N, 111 ° 18 ’ 40.5 ” W, April 2, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB); UANL 7899 (Puerto Escondido, sta. 3: 25 ° 48 ’ 51.7 ” N, 111 ° 18 ’ 41.2 ” W, April 2, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB); UANL 7900 (Marina de La Paz, sta. 1: 24 ° 09 ’ 17.7 ” N, 110 ° 19 ’ 32.3 ” W, April 3, 2011, coll. JAL & ARB, as Spirobranchus sp.).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870EFFE2FF24FCAD5BBFFD47.taxon	description	Oaxaca: UMAR-POLY 807, 8 spec. (Puerto Ángel, pier, May 20, 2007, coll. FCC & SRH); UMAR-POLY 808, 3 spec. (La India Beach, Huatulco, on Spondylus calcifer [now S. limbatus], December 3, 2005, coll. JHB); UMAR-POLY 809 (Conejos Bay, Huatulco, June 11, 2005, coll. JHB & GNL). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (17 m, Bastida-Zavala 1995). Most specimens revised here were from anthropogenic substrates in marinas and ports (from La Paz and Puerto Escondido, Baja California Sur, and from Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca). However, previously it was found on live (Porites lobata) and dead coral (Pocillopora verrucosa), on spiny oyster Spondylus limbatus and Pinctada, on rock pools, and on pier piles (Bastida-Zavala 2008). Fouling species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870EFFE2FF24FCAD5BBFFD47.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tropical Eastern Pacific. Baja California Sur (México) to Panamá and Colombia (Krøyer [in] Mörch 1863; Ehlers 1887; ten Hove 1970; Bastida-Zavala 1995).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870EFFE2FF24FCAD5BBFFD47.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Spirobranchus incrassatus was found both in natural and anthropogenic substrates. It is a fouling species with the potential to be introduced to other tropical regions by ships. The species was confused several times with S. giganteus, a Caribbean species (see remarks in Bastida-Zavala 2008). Hernández-Alcántara et al. (2003: 9) list Treadwell’s (1914) record of Spirobranchus quadricornis (Grube, 1878) from Santa Catalina Island, Baja California Sur; however, this is a mistake, the record of Treadwell (1914) corresponds to Avalon, in Santa Catalina Island, Southern California, and the material most likely belongs to S. spinosus.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870DFFE2FF24FCA85AC2FB47.taxon	description	Habitat. Intertidal to 1 m. Fouling species, on rocks and coral rubble on reef flat (Bailey-Brock 1976). Distribution. Indo-West Pacific. South Africa, Madagascar, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, India, Australia, Japan, Hawaii (Day 1967; Straughan 1969; Bailey-Brock 1987).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870DFFE2FF24FCA85AC2FB47.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Spirobranchus kraussii was not found in this study, but see Overview of the sabellid and serpulid introductions, below.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870DFFE4FF24FAB65A26FBBF.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 106 specimens. Baja California Sur: UANL 7901 (Marina Cantamar, Pichilingue, La Paz, 24 ° 16.173 ’ N, 110 ° 19.839 ’ W, April 22, 2010, coll. JAL).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870DFFE4FF24FAB65A26FBBF.taxon	description	Michoacán: UMAR-Poly 810, 6 spec. (Faro de Bucerías, on sabellariid tubes, December 21, 1996, coll. SGM); UMAR-Poly 811, 9 spec. (Caleta de Campos, on sabellariid tubes, December 17, 1994, coll. RBZ). Guerrero: UMAR-POLY 812 (La Ropa Beach, Zihuatanejo, on rock with algae, September 20, 2007, coll. SGM et al.); UMAR-POLY 813, 6 spec. (Manzanillo Beach, Zihuatanejo, on exposed algae, September 21, 2007, coll. SGM et al.); UMAR-POLY 814, 2 spec. (Morro del Cerro Colorado, Nov 30, 2010, coll. SGG); UMAR-Poly 815 (La Roqueta Island, Acapulco, on sabellariid tubes, May 26, 2000, coll. RBZ); UMAR-Poly 816 (Cantiles, Acapulco, on oysters, 8 m, May 26, 2000, coll. AM). Oaxaca: UMAR-POLY 817, 14 spec. (Corralero Lagoon, on mangrove, December 7, 2006, coll. RBZ); UMAR-POLY 818 - OH, 6 spec., 3 donated to Elena Kupriyanova (Agua Blanca Beach, high tide, on sabellariid tubes, September 9, 2010, coll. BMD); UMAR-POLY 819, 30 spec. (Panteón Beach, intertidal, on rocks, June 12, 2012, coll. ERR & MJC); UMAR-POLY 820, 2 spec. (Puerto Ángel, on pier, May 20, 2007); UMAR-POLY 821 (Estacahuite Beach, intertidal, on rocks, June 2, 2012, coll. AVB & MTM); UMAR-POLY 822, 2 spec. (Marina Chahué, Huatulco, on rocks, May 22, 2000, coll. RBZ); UMAR-POLY 823, 7 spec. (same, on mollusc, May 22, 2000, coll. RBZ); UMAR-POLY 824, 3 spec. (El Arrocito Beach, Huatulco, July 4, 2007, coll. FCC & SRH); UMAR-POLY 825, 7 spec. (La Ventosa pier, Salina Cruz, May 21, 2000, coll. SSV et al.); UMAR-Poly 826, 2 spec. (Laguna Inferior, San Dionisio del Mar, 16 ° 18 ’ 8 ” N, 94 ° 44 ’ 56 ” W, 0.5 m, salinity = 30.77 PSU, August 30, 2014, coll. CPR); UMAR-POLY 827, 5 spec. (from Oaxaca, no more data). Habitat. Intertidal to subtidal (42 m, Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000 a). Some specimens were collected from anthropogenic substrates in marinas (from La Paz, Baja California Sur, and from Huatulco and Salina Cruz, Oaxaca), as hull fouling, with salinity range of 30 – 36 PSU; also in brackish-water lagoons on mangrove roots; in marine water on rock bottoms, dead coral Pocillopora verrucosa, sabellariid colonies, hydrozoa Pennaria, and on Pteria and oysters shells (Bastida-Zavala 2008). Fouling species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870DFFE4FF24FAB65A26FBBF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Native in Tropical Pacific America. Baja California Sur (México) to Perú (Rioja 1941 b; Rioja 1942; Bastida-Zavala 1993). It also was recorded from Brazil (Zibrowius 1970), the Gulf of Mexico (Rioja 1946; Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000 a), Sydney (Lewis et al. 2006) and Hawaii (Bastida-Zavala 2008), where it should be considered to be an exotic species.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870DFFE4FF24FAB65A26FBBF.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Spirobranchus minutus was found both on natural and anthropogenic substrates. It is a fouling species with potential to be introduced to other tropical regions by ships. We suspect that its presence in the Tropical Western Atlantic represent an historical introduction as fouling via ships, because it is recorded from few sites, some related to ports or fouling plates: Veracruz Port (Rioja 1946), Cazones, Veracruz (river mouth, collected in 1981), Campeche Bank (oil platforms, collected in 1989), São Sebastião and Ubatuba, Brazil (collected in 1961 – 1962) (Zibrowius 1970; Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000 a) and the northern of Gulf of Mexico (from fouling plates in ports, collected between 1999 - 2005, Bastida-Zavala et al., unpublished data). An alternative hypothesis is that the species has a true Amphiamerican distribution, considering the Recent and fossil (Pliocene and Pleistocene) records of Spirobranchus minutus from northern Venezuela (Weisbord 1962; 1964), the species may have had a free genetic flux between the eastern Pacific and Caribbean populations when the Isthmus of Panamá had not yet been formed (3.5 million years ago). Whether or not populations of both Tropical American coasts are the same can only be decided by a DNA analysis. In 1990, ten Hove identified several adult specimens of Spirobranchus minutus (co-occurring with Hydroides brachyacantha), scraped from the tall ship “ Gorch Fock ” that arrived in Sydney Harbor after an almost three weeks stay in Acapulco, Guerrero (in: Lewis et al. 2006: 669). Bastida-Zavala (2008) recorded this species in Hawaii from the hull of a sailboat too, after of a four-month voyage from San Francisco, Los Angeles, México to Hilo and Honolulu, Hawaii.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870BFFE5FF24FB775FEFFCD7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 13 specimens. Baja California Sur: UMAR-Poly 828 - OH, 10 spec. (Caleritas Beach, La Paz Bay, March 1, 2006, coll. DHP et al.); UMAR-Poly 829 (Mexican Pacific, probably Concepción Bay, sta. 173, no more data).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870BFFE5FF24FB775FEFFCD7.taxon	description	Michoacán: UMAR-Poly 830 (Caleta de Campos, on sabellariid tubes, December 17, 1994, coll. RBZ). Oaxaca: UMAR-Poly 831 (Puerto Ángel, on rocks, April 18, 2009, coll. JLR). Habitat. Subtidal (6 – 104 m, Moore 1923); Bailey-Brock (1976) recorded specimens from 200 – 600 m, from Oahu, Hawaii; it is possible that these would prove to be a species different from Vermiliopsis multiannulata. In rock pools and on sabellariid tubes, also on spiny oysters “ Spondylus princeps unicolor ” (de León-González et al. 1993) and S. limbatus (Bastida-Zavala 2008).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870BFFE5FF24FB775FEFFCD7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. California (Moore 1923), Hawaii (Bailey-Brock 1976), and Tropical Eastern Pacific, from Punta San Juanico, western coast of Baja California Sur to Panamá (Rioja 1941 b; López-García et al. 1997; Bastida- Zavala 2008).	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
EC398785870BFFE5FF24FB775FEFFCD7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The status of Vermiliopsis multiannulata was rather confused, type specimens and historical records are a mix of V. multiannulata, Pseudovermilia occidentalis and P. conchata ten Hove, 1975 (Bastida-Zavala 2008: 54). Vermiliopsis multiannulata sensu stricto is part of the V. infundibulum / glandigerus / pygidialis complex (ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009: 102), that can only be solved with a thorough revision of the genus, including morphological and molecular characters and ecological aspects. For the Tropical Eastern Pacific we have used the local name V. multiannulata, following the suggestion of Tovar-Hernández et al. (2009 b: 333). One of the reasons for this is that our taxon occurs infrequently in fouling samples from marinas and ports, a main dispersal mode for exotic species, and it is thus less likely that it has arrived as result of anthropogenic activities.	en	Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, Buelna, Alondra Sofía Rodríguez, León-González, Jesús Angel De, Camacho-Cruz, Karla Andrea, Carmona, Isabel (2016): New records of sabellids and serpulids (Polychaeta: Sabellidae, Serpulidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa 4184 (3): 401-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.1
