identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
491E852573E156BFA6F10E63813310B0.text	491E852573E156BFA6F10E63813310B0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antheraea Hubner 1919	<div><p>Genus Antheraea Hübner, 1919</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The genus is one of the most diverse within the family, comprising more than 100 species, most of which occur in tropics of East Asia and South America (Kitching et al. 2018). Several species, e. g., A. pernyi (Guérin-Méneville, 1855) and A. yamamai Guérin-Meneville, 1861 were introduced into Europe for silk production purposes (Pinya et al. 2013; Flajšman et al. 2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/491E852573E156BFA6F10E63813310B0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi;Seropian, Armen	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Seropian, Armen (2025): Unwanted guests: The first records of two established non-native moth species in the Caucasus, with notes on non-native fauna of Georgia. Caucasiana 4: 137-151, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.4.e168433
0E7B5F4ABD385DAB97F06FDB49598B46.text	0E7B5F4ABD385DAB97F06FDB49598B46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antheraea pernyi (Guerin-Meneville 1855)	<div><p>Antheraea pernyi (Guérin-Méneville, 1855)</p><p>Fig. 3</p><p>Antheraea pernyi: Pinya et al. 2013: 377, fig. 1 (♂)</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>GEORGIA • 2 ♂; Imereti, Baghdati; 6 May 2021; leg: G. Gorgodze; JLGT • 1 ♂ (CaBOL -ID 1021655); Ilemi; leg: T. Lomidze; 16 June 2021; JLGT • 1 ♂; Vartsikhe; leg: A. Babunashvili; 5 April 2024; JLGT • 1 ♂; Ajameti; leg: A. Bubunashvili; 29 April 2024; JLGT .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>For diagnosis, see Wu (2017).</p><p>Barcoding.</p><p>We obtained a single sequence from the specimen CaBOL - ID 1021655 (BOLD: ABY 5349), identical to those of A. pernyi from Russia (Siberia), India, North Korea, South Korea, and China (BOLD: ABY 5349).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Originally native to China, where it was domesticated for silk production, A. pernyi is also distributed across Mongolia, northern China, India, and Japan. The main food source for its larvae are Quercus species (Wang et al. 2023). In Europe, it was first introduced to France in the 19 th century for its potential in silk production, following an epidemic that affected Bombyx mori (Linnaeus, 1758) in 1855. The species was subsequently introduced to Spain, initially in Navarra and Guipúzcoa (northern Spain) in 1875, and later in Barcelona and Castellón de la Plana (eastern Spain). It reached the Balearic Islands (Mallorca and Menorca) by the end of the 19 th century. Today, its distribution in Europe is limited to the Balearic Islands and the province of Barcelona (Pinya et al. 2013). Specimens in our study collected in 2021 and 2024 confirm a stable, locally established population in Imereti, western Georgia; although so far, no substantial harm to local Quercus spp. has been documented. These are the first verified records of the genus Antheraea in the Caucasus. As with S. cynthia, A. pernyi was probably introduced to the South Caucasus for silk production purposes, most likely during the 1930 s under Soviet agricultural initiatives. Although the original introduction site is unknown, the A. pernyi population in Imereti probably originated from individuals that escaped silk farming facilities established in the past.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E7B5F4ABD385DAB97F06FDB49598B46	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi;Seropian, Armen	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Seropian, Armen (2025): Unwanted guests: The first records of two established non-native moth species in the Caucasus, with notes on non-native fauna of Georgia. Caucasiana 4: 137-151, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.4.e168433
4308F3A6914B5AAA96AE8103A43FF9F0.text	4308F3A6914B5AAA96AE8103A43FF9F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micromelalopha Nagano 1916	<div><p>Genus Micromelalopha Nagano, 1916</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The genus comprises about 25 species, most of which occur in East Asia. They are distributed in China, Japan, Korea, Russia (Primorsky Krai), Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia (Wu and Fang 2003). Until this study, no congeners have been recorded outside their native range. Several species of Micromelalopha e. g. M. sieversi (Staudinger, 1892), are considered as pests of Populus species within their native range (Dai et al. 2024).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4308F3A6914B5AAA96AE8103A43FF9F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi;Seropian, Armen	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Seropian, Armen (2025): Unwanted guests: The first records of two established non-native moth species in the Caucasus, with notes on non-native fauna of Georgia. Caucasiana 4: 137-151, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.4.e168433
A1C0DA0BA1455A8D89BBC94CE72748D8.text	A1C0DA0BA1455A8D89BBC94CE72748D8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micromelalopha sieversi (Staudinger 1892)	<div><p>Micromelalopha sieversi (Staudinger, 1892)</p><p>Figs 1, 2</p><p>Micromelalopha sieversi: Dai et al. 2024: 50, figs 1 A – B (♂)</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Georgia • 2 ♂; Dighomi Massive, Tbilisi; 21 Jun. 2023; leg: A. Seropian; JLGT • 1 ♂; Sanzona, Tbilisi; 2 August 2025; leg. L-G. Japaridze; JLGT .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>For diagnosis, see Wu and Fang (2003).</p><p>Barcoding.</p><p>We obtained a single sequence (BOLD: ACQ 7797), identical to those of M. sieversi from China (BOLD: ACQ 7797).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>In China, where this species originates, it is an important pest of poplar trees. Commonly, it occurs in 3–4 generations in north-east China, and in 5–7 generations in central and southern China (Dai et al. 2024). Specimens collected in 2023 and 2025 confirm the establishment of a stable population of this species, at least in the capital of Georgia. So far, no substantial harm to local Populus spp. has been documented. It is the first record of the genus Micromelalopha in the Caucasus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A1C0DA0BA1455A8D89BBC94CE72748D8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi;Seropian, Armen	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Seropian, Armen (2025): Unwanted guests: The first records of two established non-native moth species in the Caucasus, with notes on non-native fauna of Georgia. Caucasiana 4: 137-151, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.4.e168433
C94BD0A4DA5B5D91A4AD689457A95F9C.text	C94BD0A4DA5B5D91A4AD689457A95F9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Notodontidae Stephens 1829	<div><p>Family Notodontidae Stephens, 1829</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The Notodontidae (prominent moths) are medium-sized moths, usually with cryptic colouration. Many species have distinctive tufts or projections on the forewings, front legs, or thorax, which give the family its name. The family is most diverse in temperate regions, especially in forests. In the territory of Georgia, it is represented by 35 species comprised in 18 genera (Georgian Biodiversity Database – hereafter GBD).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C94BD0A4DA5B5D91A4AD689457A95F9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi;Seropian, Armen	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Seropian, Armen (2025): Unwanted guests: The first records of two established non-native moth species in the Caucasus, with notes on non-native fauna of Georgia. Caucasiana 4: 137-151, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.4.e168433
253917FBBA3A5424B6BC65FEAD88E9BC.text	253917FBBA3A5424B6BC65FEAD88E9BC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saturniidae Boisduval 1837	<div><p>Family Saturniidae Boisduval, 1837</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Members of Saturniidae are medium to very large moths, usually with robust, hairy bodies and broad wings, often bearing conspicuous eyespots or transparent hyaline “ windows. ” Antennae are bipectinate in both sexes, strongly so in males. The family is most diverse in tropical regions (Kitching et al. 2018). In the territory of Georgia, it is represented by seven species comprised in three genera, of which Samia cynthia (Drury, 1773) was intentionally introduced for silk production (Zolotuhin et al. 2011).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/253917FBBA3A5424B6BC65FEAD88E9BC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi;Seropian, Armen	Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Seropian, Armen (2025): Unwanted guests: The first records of two established non-native moth species in the Caucasus, with notes on non-native fauna of Georgia. Caucasiana 4: 137-151, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.4.e168433
