identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
EF194D450C22442EFF45C0949892153C.text	EF194D450C22442EFF45C0949892153C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Madoxychara	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Madoxychara gen. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs 1–52)</p>
            <p> Type species:  Madoxychara unicornis sp. nov. , here designated. </p>
            <p> Etymology. The generic name is a combination of two words: Madagascar and  Paroxychara , the African flatid genus which is closely related to  Madoxychara gen. nov. Gender: feminine. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis.  Madoxychara gen. nov. is externally similar to genus  Paroxychara Lallemand et Synave, 1952 but differs by the following genital characters: male—anal tube elongated and ‘broken’ at midlength, basal part of periandrium with 3 narrow and elongated dorsal processes oriented apicad, aedeagus single (not symmetrical) (  Paroxychara —anal tube short and widened, basal part of periandrium without processes, aedeagus symmetrical); female—posterior margin of gonoplac with single tooth, base of gonapophysis VIII with narrow and long appendage (  Paroxychara —posterior margin of gonoplac with 6 teeth, base of gonapophysis VIII without appendage). </p>
            <p>Description. Body slender. Head strongly prolonged, with compound eyes in dorsal view distinctly narrower than thorax (Figs 1, 3, 5, 6).</p>
            <p>HEAD. Vertex a bit wider than long at midline, not covered by pronotum (Figs 3, 7, 8); posterior and lateral margins carinate, anterior margin obsolete. Disc of vertex almost flat, with carina placed in median groove (Figs 7, 8). Disc of vertex, pronotum and mesonotum without sensory structures and secretory pores. Occiput not visible on upper part of head. Frons longer than wide (in frontal view), widest about level of antennae (Figs 4, 11, 12); disc of frons convex, smooth, without carinae; lateral margins of frons carinate with breaking point at about level of antennae. Frons with protrusion in upper part; apex of protrusion (in lateral view) at about same level as thorax (Figs 2, 10); margin of frons (in dorsal view) bluntly rounded; upper surface depressed, without carinae and distinctly longer than vertex in dorsal view (Fig. 8). Compound eye (in dorsal view) oval, posterior margin reaching midlength of pronotum; eyes with small callus at posterior margin (Figs 9, 10). Pedicel about as long as wide at apex, with setae and plate organs present apically (Figs 13–16). Clypeus narrower than frons, without median and lateral carinae (Figs 4, 11, 12). Rostrum with apical segment distinctly shorter than subapical one, its apex reaching hind coxae.</p>
            <p>THORAX. Pronotum longer than vertex at midline; disc of pronotum with short, weakly visible carina placed in median groove; postocular eminences triangular (Figs 3, 7, 9). Mesonotum triangular; disc tricarinate, carinae separated at base; median carina reaching scutellum, lateral carinae sinuate, reaching posterior margin; median portion between lateral carinae depressed (Figs 7, 9).</p>
            <p>Tegmen (Figs 17–19) elongate, coriaceous and convex with well visible venation and small bulla. Costal margin strongly arcuate, meeting postclaval sutural margin at acute angle; postclaval sutural margin straight and extended. Costal area without lobe at base; costal area about same width of its length, narrower than costal cell, with transverse veinlets; apex of costal area a bit before end of clavus. Costal cell wider than costal area, tapering apicad, with transverse veinlets in distal part. Basal cell longer than wide. Longitudinal veins Sc+R arises as short common stem from basal cell with first fork before bulla; Sc+RA runing over bulla and forking just before margin; RP passing-by bulla and forking before wing midlength; RP 1+2 and RP 3+4 single; M fork before end of clavus, at the level of Sc+RA fork; Cu bifurcate after end of clavus. Tegmen with irregular net of transverse veinlets in apical part, without nodal line and with single and short apical line; basal part of longitudinal veins without veinlets. Claval veins Pcu and A1 fused distinctly after half of clavus length, vein A1 elevated; transverse veinlets absent. Tubercles (sensory and wax gland-plates) on whole tegmen with concentration on costal area, between basal Sc+RA and M veins and on clavus between PCu and A1.</p>
            <p>Hind wings distinctly shorter than tegmina, reaching about half of abdomen, transverse veinlets absent.</p>
            <p>Fore and middle femora slightly shorter than tibiae, subrectangular in cross section. Hind femur distinctly shorter than tibia; hind tibia arcuate and flattened laterally with 2 lateral spines placed near apex, apically with row of 8 well developed teeth (Figs 20, 21); tarsomeres about same length; basitarsomere with 4 apical spines in formula 2+2 (lateral larger than internal) separated by oval pad of sensory structures (Figs 21, 22); second tarsomere with 2 well developed lateral spines, median lobe exceeding level of spines (Fig. 21).</p>
            <p>MALE GENITALIA. Anal tube (in lateral view, Figs 23, 24) elongated, almost same width, strongly ‘broken’ near base of anus; anus placed about midlength. Anal tube (in dorsal view, Fig. 25) elongated, basal part a bit wider than apical part, lateral margins of basal part concave; anus placed about midlength. Pygofer (in lateral view, Figs 23, 24, 26) higher than wide; dorsal part narrower than ventral part, dorso-posterior angle bluntly rounded, without processes; posterior margin weakly arcuate; ventro-posterior margin with shallow incision. Genital styles (in lateral view, Figs 24, 35) longer than wide and bearing distinct, narrow and sharp capitulum; dorsal margin without concavity near base of capitulum; dorsal and ventral margins almost parallel, ventral part of posterior margin projected. Phallic complex. Periandrium tapering apicad, in cross section V-shaped (Figs 36, 38); basal part well developed with 3 narrow and elongated dorsal processes oriented apicad; lateral processes longer than median (Figs 36, 37), in specimens (333) from Zombitse median process reduced with small lobe at the base margin (Figs 38, 39). Periandrium closed basally to about 1/3 length, open dorsally; without additional structures (Fig. 40). Aedeagus s.s. in form of single arm, long and slender, apically with horn-like appendage (Figs 41, 42).</p>
            <p>FEMALE GENITALIA. Pregenital sternite (Figs 31, 43) with well developed lateral lobes; anterior margin in median portion convex, posterior margin deeply concave, medially almost straight. Anal tube (in lateral view, Figs 27, 28, 44) not exceeding posterior margin of gonoplac, elongated, tapering apicad, anus placed before midlength. Anal tube (in dorsal view, Fig. 45) elongated, lateral margins almost parallel, apical margin rounded, anus placed before midlength. Gonoplac unilobate (Figs 29, 30, 46), rounded and well sclerotised, without membranous part; posterior margin with long setae and single, small tooth placed in lower part; internal side along posterior margin with dense and short setae.</p>
            <p>Gonapophysis VIII (Fig. 47) flat, oriented vertically, apical part widened with 4 big obtuse teeth at posterior margin; base with narrow and long appendage oriented ventrad (Figs 32–34); endogonocoxal process as long as gonapophysis with spiniferous microsculpure. Gonaphophyses IX and gonospiculum bridge as in Figs 48–49. Bursa copulatrix of single pouch, rounded (Fig. 50); cells with sclerotised plates cover ¾ of pouch, except from base. Spermatheca well developed (Fig. 51); ductus receptaculi basally ribbed, about same width; diverticulum ductus smooth, about same length as ductus receptaculi.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Madagascar: Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa and Toliara provinces (Fig. 52).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF194D450C22442EFF45C0949892153C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stroiński, Adam;Świerczewski, Dariusz	Stroiński, Adam, Świerczewski, Dariusz (2013): Madoxychara gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae), a new genus of the tribe Phantiini Melichar from Madagascar. Zootaxa 3599 (4): 377-389, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3599.4.6
EF194D450C29442FFF45C0C19892108B.text	EF194D450C29442FFF45C0C19892108B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Madoxychara unicornis	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Madoxychara unicornis sp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs 1–52)</p>
            <p> Etymology. From latin word “  unicornis ” meaning one-horned; refers to the horn-like single appendage of aedeagus (Genetivus singularis:  unicornis , 3rd declension). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis. Only one species in the genus. See diagnosis of the genus.</p>
            <p>Description. Total length 0.41–0.52 cm.</p>
            <p>Head. Vertex: proportion A/B = 1.66–1.87; posterior margin almost straight and weakly carinate, anterior margin arcuate, lateral margins parallel and strongly carinate. Frons: proportion C/E = 0.69–0.85; proportion D/E = 0.82–1.00; frontoclypeal suture arcuate, median portion of clypeus convex.</p>
            <p>Thorax. Pronotum: proportion F/B = 1.22–1.50; anterior margin (in dorsal view) strongly convex, posterior margin weakly concave. Mesonotum: proportion G/F = 1.83–2.36, proportion G/B+F = 1.04–1.30, proportion G/H = 0.82–0.93; anterior margin strongly arcuate; median carina sharp, lateral carinae partly obsolete; scutellum with sharp apex. Tegmina: proportion I/J = 3.63–5.25.</p>
            <p>Remarks. Males from locality of Zombitse possess reduced median process of periandrium, revealing no other differences when compared to males from other localities. Additionally, comparing females from lowlands and mountains we did not find any differences. Thus, we decided to treat this male character as local species variability.</p>
            <p>Coloration. General color light brown; head and thorax with small, brown to black dots, two parallel brownish stripes extending from the top of head, through the dorsal part of head and thorax to the end of clavus; frons dark brown, clypeus and legs light brown, apex of rostrum black; tegmina with whitish venation and dark brown patches, wings milky white.</p>
            <p>Abdomen sternites yellow, tergites yellow-brownish to dark brown, genital capsule/pygofer and anal tube yellow, styles partly brown and partly yellow.</p>
            <p>Type material. Holotype 3, Inst, Scien. Madagascar, Ambohiby, 1600 m, Tsiroanomandidy du 25an 28-V-48, R.P., Museum Paris (MNHN). Paratypes: Inst. Scient. Madagascar, Soavina, Sud.Ouest, d'Ambositra, I.51, RP, 1Ƥ (MNHN); Muséum Paris, Madagascar, env. de Tananarive, Waterlot 1924, 4 33, 7 ƤƤ (MNHN, MIZ); 15/III/ 2006, 71 m, Sikili, forêt sèche à Didiracaceae &amp; Euphorbia 23°01.481´S, 43°34.522´E, Museum Paris Madagascar 2006 rég. Atsino-andrefana, Toliara, A. Soulier-Perkins réc., 1Ƥ (MNHN); 16/III/2006 PL à Melody Beach 17 m, 23°26.605´S, 43°45.395´E, Museum Paris Madagascar 2006 rég. Atsino-andrefana, Toliara, M. Attié réc, 1Ƥ (MNHN); 18/III/ 2006, 783 m, parc de Zombitse, forêt de transition, PL, 22°53.002´S, 44°41.956´E, Museum Paris Madagascar 2006 rég. Atsino-andrefana Th. Bourgoin rec., 333 (MNHN, MIZ); 22/III/2006 Anjà, reserve village forêt, 1000m, 21°51´.120S, 46°50.773´E, rég. Haute Matsiatra, A. Soulier-Perkins réc., 1Ƥ (MNHN).</p>
            <p>Distribution. Madagascar: Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa and Toliara provinces (Fig. 52).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF194D450C29442FFF45C0C19892108B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stroiński, Adam;Świerczewski, Dariusz	Stroiński, Adam, Świerczewski, Dariusz (2013): Madoxychara gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae), a new genus of the tribe Phantiini Melichar from Madagascar. Zootaxa 3599 (4): 377-389, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3599.4.6
