taxonID	type	description	language	source
EF5C070C545BFFB4FF1CFE04FCDA6B10.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Melampsalta oldfieldi Distant, 1883. A diagnosis of this genus is provided in Moulds (2012).	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C545BFFBBFF1CFDD0FBCD6ACD.taxon	materials_examined	Other material. QUEENSLAND: 1 ♂ Queensland, Toowong, Jarvis, 1912, A. cunninghamii; 1 M Queensland, Rockhampton, H. Brown, 1911; 1 ♂ St Lucia, Brisbane Q., 28. i. 1990, T. A. Lambkin; 1 M Barakula 9045, grid ref.: 706716, Barakula S. F. Qld, 9. ii. 2000, Watkins, at mv light, elev.: 350 metres; 1 ♂ Watalgan Rg., via Rosedale, 23. x. 1971, H. Frauca, 1500 ', dry sclerophyll, Cicadetta oldfieldi; 1 M AUSTRALIA QLD, 20 km N. of Yeppoon, J. Bugeja, Acacia, 30. xii. 1972; 1 ♂ QLD: Biggenden, Bluff Range, 21. xii. 1970, H. Frauca, Euc. woodland (all ANIC); 1 ♀ Brisbane, 30. iii. 1925, H. Hacker; 1 ♀ Brisbane, 20. xi. 1911, H. Hacker; 1 ♀ Brisbane, 8. ii. 1922 H. Hacker; 1 ♀ Brisbane, 3. ii. 1913, H. Hacker; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ Brisbane, 15. xi. 1921, H. Hacker; 1 ♀ Brisbane, 26. xii. 1924 H. Hacker; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ Brisbane, 14. ii. 1922, H. Hacker; 1 ♀ Brisbane, 21. xii. 1925, H. Hacker; 1 ♂ Capalaba 31. x. 1990, C. J. Burwell; 5 ♂ 4 ♀ SEQ: 25 ° 01 ’ S 151 ° 12 ’ E, Mulgildie Plateau, 320 m, 21. xii. 1997, Burwell, Evans, Ewart, softwood scrub; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ SEQ: 25 ° 12 ’ S 148 ° 59 ’ E, Expedition Range NP., ‘ Amphitheatre’ camp, 18. xii. 1997, Burwell, Evans, 560 m, open for [est]; 1 ♂ Acacia Ridge, Brisbane, S. E. Q., 19. xii. 1972, E. C. Dahms; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ Acacia Ridge, Brisbane, S. E. Q., 23. xi. 1969, E. C. Dahms; 1 M ‘ Murralah’, Mt. Emlyn, SSE of Millmerran, Q., 22. xi. 1992, T. A. Lambkin, to light, Cicadetta oldfieldi det. A. Ewart 1997; 2 ♀ Chermside S. E. Q., 19. xi. 1995, I. G. Filmer, Hills — on shrub near open forest, 630 hrs, Melampsalta oldfieldi Dist.; 2 ♂ SEQ: 25 ° 17 ’ Sx 151 ° 55 ’ E, One Tree Hill, 1 km E., 14. xii. 1999, 180 m, D. & I. Cook, at mv light, barracks clearing, 9007 (all QM); 1 ♂ 1 ♀ Beaudesert, 1. i. 1971, [A. Ewart]; 1 M Chelmer, 15. x. 1971, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ Oxley Quarry, i. 1979, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ Labrador, 24. xii. 1970, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♀ (damaged) Boolimba Bluff, Carnarvon N. P., 1. xi. 1976, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ Redland Bay, 2. xi. 1975, [A. Ewart]; 2 ♂ Allawah, Mt Crosby, 30. xi. 1975, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ St. Lucia, 4. xii. 1975; 1 ♂ Moogerah Dam, 30. i. 1970; 1 ♂ Mt Gravatt University, 2. xi. 1975, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ‘ Rockwood’, Chinchilla, Acacia, Cypress pine, 11. ii. 1983, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ Tarragindi, 21. i. 1978, [A. Ewart]; 4 ♂ 3 ♀ Beerburrum, eucalypts & Hakea sp., 17. ii. 1978, [A. Ewart]; 2 ♂ Beerburrum, eucalypts & Hakea sp., 17. ii. 1978, song recorded [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ Agnes Waters, Qld, 5. ii. 1984, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ 2 ♀ Doolandella, Brisbane, 5. ii. 1983, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♀ Doolandella, Brisbane, 13. ii. 1983, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ Doolandella, Brisbane, ii. 1983, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ 2 ♀ Doolandella, 28. xii. 1981, [A. Ewart], D. R. photo C 5 - 23, C 5 - 24; 1 ♂ Doolandella, Brisbane, 9. xi. 1983, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ Tingalpa Reservoir, Brisbane, Q., 1989, D. Reeves; 2 ♂ Maroon Dam, S. Qld, 28. xii. 1993, [A. Ewart]; 2 ♂ Doolandella, S. E. Qld, 18 – 19. xii. 1995, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ Yeronga, Brisbane, Q., 25. xii. 1980, D. M. Reeves; 1 ♂ Taringa Qld, 5. xii. 1978, in spider web, D. M. Reeves; 1 ♀ Brookfield, Brisbane, Qld, 14. xi. 1980, T. H. Cribb; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ 10 km S. W. Emerald, C. Q., Acacias, 14. xii. 2000, A. E [wart], I. Rattray, 23 ° 25.39 ’ S 148 ° 05.15 ’ E (all AE); 1 ♂ 1 km N. of Auburn River NP, SW. of Mundubbera, SEQ, 2. xi. 2002, L. Popple, S. Billington, Recorded L. W. Popple, 230 - 0001; 2 ♂ 4 ♀ Carina Heights, SEQ, 7. xi. 1998, L. W. Popple, 230 - 0009 - 230 - 0014; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ Carina Heights, SEQ, 30. x. 1999, L. W. Popple, 230 - 0015 - 230 - 0016; 7 ♂ Australia, Queensland, Carina Heights, Brisbane, SEQ, 7 – 8. i. 2003, L. W. Popple, Recorded L. W. Popple, 230 - 0017 - 230 - 0022, 230 - 0024; 1 ♂ Australia, Queensland, Carina Heights, Brisbane, SEQ, 7 – 8. i. 2003, L. W. Popple, 230 - 0023; 1 ♀ Myall Park, 8 km N. Glenmorgan, SEQ, 27 – 28. xii. 2001, L. Popple, A. Strange (all LWP); 3 ♂ 1 ♀, Mt Jim Crow NP, Rockhampton, Qld, 23. i. 2010, M. Coombs (all MC); 2 ♂ Benarkin, Blackbutt, 7. xi. 1993, R. Eastwood; 1 ♂ 04. AU. QL. BUN. 10, Fitzroy Dev. Rd. 7.4 km NW of Bunley Rd, 24 ° 58.33 ’ S 149 ° 30.859 ’ E, 398 m, 3. i. 2004, J. Cooley, D. Marshall, K. Hill, M. Moulds, B. Moulds, specimen recorded; 1 ♂ same data as previous, 04. AU. QL. BUN. 12; 1 ♂ 05. AU. QL. ATR. 01, 92 km S of Alpha on road to Tambo, 24 ° 18.008 ’ S 146 ° 22.583 ’ E, 580 m, 22. i. 2005, D. Marshall, K. Hill, M. Moulds, B. Moulds, specimen recorded (MSM).	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C545BFFBBFF1CFDD0FBCD6ACD.taxon	description	Description. Male (Plate 1 A, Figs 2 A, 3). Head (including eyes) wider than mesonotum; ventral surface mostly olive-brown; postclypeus reddish-brown, dark brown along interior of tranverse grooves; anteclypeus dark brown; rostrum brown anteriorly, becoming dark brown towards apex; dorsal surface olive-brown to ochraceous with a prominent black band extending between the eyes and surrounding the ocelli and vertices; supra-antennal plate tending pale olive-brown, translucent; ocelli pink; with scattered silver pubescence throughout and long silver pubescence behind eyes. Eyes deep red in living specimens, often faded to brown in preserved specimens. Antennae dark brown, paler towards apex. PLATE 1. A: Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) male; B: E. oldfieldi female; C: E. roberti n. sp. holotype male; D: E. roberti n. sp. female; E: E. lapidosa n. sp. holotype male; F: E. lapidosa n. sp. female. Scale bars = 5 mm. Thorax with scattered silver short pubescence. Pronotum olive-green, sometimes fading to pale brown in preserved specimens; a prominent, reddish-brown midline extending from back of head, with anterior margin as broad as distance between inner margins of eyes, this midline narrowing medially to a width slightly greater than the divide between lateral ocelli, then gradually broadening posteriorly until reaching margin of pronotal collar; pronotal collar mostly green to olive-green, reddish-brown medially. Mesonotum green to pale brown; midline broad, reddish-brown, with lateral edges distinctly yellow to pale brown; submedian sigilla brown to dark brown; lateral sigilla olive-brown, indistinct; cruciform elevation reddish-brown to dark brown; wing grooves and metanotum pale olive-brown to orange-brown, with silver long pubescence. Legs with coxae and femora green, olive-brown or pale brown; tibiae olive-brown to pale brown; tarsi pale brown becoming darker brown towards apex of claws. Wings with fore wing costal veins green to pale brown; pterostigma pale brown to reddish-brown; basal membranes orange; veins CuA, CuP and M green to pale brown; other veins brown to dark brown; veins CuA and M fused posterior to apex of basal cell; with eight apical cells. Hind wing veins pale brown or green, becoming darker on the posterior side of the apical cells; plaga surrounded by pale brown coloration anteriorly, otherwise transparent; with six apical cells. Opercula broadly rounded, pale green to pale orange-brown, with plates relatively flat. Timbals with five long ribs; short (intercalary) ribs present between all long ribs. Long ribs 1 – 3 and sometimes 4 attached to basal spur. Long rib 5 comparatively shorter. All ribs sclerotised, pale brown and of low contrast against timbal membrane. Abdomen. Tergites olive-green to pale brown; darker midline coloration> 1 mm wide, brown to dark brown, bordered by pale brown or yellow. Sternites olive green to pale brown or orange-brown, depending on state of preservation of the specimen. Genitalia. Pygofer, including dorsal beak, olive-green to brown; upper lobes prominent, with apices graduating to a broad point; basal lobes comparatively subtle, with apices rounded. Uncus pale brown, in lateral view extended and “ duck bill ” - like; lobes in ventral view small, medial lobe small, ovoid; claspers prominent with posterior section dark and outwardly curved, with apices blunt to broadly rounded ventrally and blunt laterally. Aedeagus with pseudoparameres extending well beyond theca; endotheca fleshy; ventral support not extending to the same extent as endotheca. Female (Plate 1 B). Markings and coloration identical to male. Abdominal segment 9 green to olive, with a brown midline; ovipositor sheath extends 2.0 – 2.5 mm beyond the apex of abdominal segment 9. Measurements. N = 14 ♂ 6 ♀. Means and ranges (in parentheses), mm; BL: ♂ 17.4 (15.8 – 18.3), ♀ 22.9 (21.6 – 24.0); FWL: ♂ 22.4 (20.1 – 24.1), ♀ 24.8 (24.1 – 26.1); FWW: ♂ 7.6 (6.8 – 8.3), ♀ 8.2 (7.6 – 8.7); HW: ♂ 6.2 (5.7 – 6.5), ♀ 6.7 (6.4 – 7.0); PW: ♂ 5.3 (4.8 – 5.5), ♀ 5.7 (5.4 – 6.0); AW: ♂ 5.4 (4.9 – 5.7), ♀ 5.7 (5.4 – 5.9). Distinguishing features. Ewartia oldfieldi has a conspicuous, broad, brown stripe medially along the dorsum, which extends from the proximal edge of the pronotum posteriorly to the apex of the abdomen. This feature distinguishes it readily from E. brevis, E. carina n. sp. and E. cuensis. The stripe is also present in E. etesia n. sp., E. lapidosa n. sp., E. roberti n. sp. and E. thamna n. sp.; however, in E. thamna n. sp. it is not present on the pronotum. In E. oldfieldi, the stripe is conspicuously broader at the anterior margin of the pronotum than the distance between the lateral margins of the lateral ocelli. This distinguishes it from E. roberti n. sp., which has a stripe is narrower than the distance between the inner margins of the lateral ocelli (compare Figs 2 A, 2 B). Another useful feature in the shape of the stripe of E. oldfieldi is that it broadens posteriorly until it reaches the margin of the pronotum (Fig. 2 A). This distinguishes it from E. lapidosa n. sp., in which the stripe narrows distinctly before meeting the posterior margin of the pronotum (Figs 2 C, 2 D). The shape of the stripe in E. etesia n. sp. is closely similar to E. oldfieldi. However, E. oldfieldi can be distinguished by its broader head width, which is ± 5.9 mm (cf. ź 5.8 mm in E. etesia n. sp.). In addition, E. oldfieldi also has a unique female ovipositor length within the genus (extending 2.0 – 2.5 mm beyond the apex of abdominal segment 9). In all other species apart from E. etesia n. sp., the ovipositor extends <1 mm. In E. etesia n. sp., it extends approximately 3 mm.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C545BFFBBFF1CFDD0FBCD6ACD.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Ewartia oldfieldi occurs coastally in the southern half of Queensland from Yeppoon south to the New South Wales border and inland to between Alpha and Tambo in central Queensland, and near Goondiwindi in southern Queensland (Fig. 4). Specimens in the ANIC from Annan River, Cooktown and Cairns are, in my opinion, labelled erroneously. Adults of this species are often encountered in association with black wattles (especially Acacia leiocalyx and to some extent A. concurrens; Mimosaceae) and sometimes other Acacia spp. with large phyllodes that grow in sandy loam soils, often within open forest or woodland habitats. Singing males sometimes also sit on nearby vegetation, such as eucalypts (Myrtaceae) and Hakea spp. Adults are present from September to April, being most common from October to January. This species overlaps in geographical distribution with E. roberti n. sp. and E. lapidosa n. sp., and sometimes occurs in sympatry with each of these taxa. Calling song. The complex calling song mode of E. oldfieldi (Figs 1, 5) contains repeated, short subphrases (0.807 – 1.393 s duration; all statistics n = 28). Each subphrase is composed of a syllable sequence (0.410 – 1.076 s duration) in which the gaps between syllables (initially 0.040 – 0.082 s duration) sequentially reduce until the syllables (each 8 – 11 ms duration) coalesce into an echeme (0.114 – 0.446 s duration), which is then followed by a short gap (0.063 – 0.104 s duration). The subphrase then either concludes or proceeds into the accentuation, which contains either 1 – 2 macrosyllables (each comprising 2 – 4 syllables), each followed by a gap (0.063 – 0.144 s), or a short syllable sequence (2 – 3, or rarely 1, syllable (s), 0.117 – 0.351 s duration, gaps 0.053 – 0.117 s duration), which are then followed by a macrosyllable (typically 2 syllables) and another gap (0.062 – 0.126 s duration). This calling song mode is typically produced at intervals throughout the day. The simple calling song mode of this species (Fig. 6) contains monotonously repeated phrases (0.761 – 1.014 s duration). Each phrase is composed of 1 – 3 macrosyllables (each comprising 4 – 8 syllables, 0.063 – 0.108 s duration), each separated by a gap of 0.016 – 0.064 s, which are then followed by an echeme (0.490 – 0.822 s duration) and another gap (0.057 – 0.071 s duration). This calling song mode predominates at dusk and is also occasionally produced during the day. Both song modes produce identical frequency spectra, with a highest amplitude frequency plateau typically between 9.5 and 13.5 kHz and a dominant frequency between 10.4 and 11.9 kHz (mean = 11.2, n = 20; e. g. Fig. 7 A). The structure of the calling song of E. oldfieldi is quite consistent across its distribution. The only remarkable potential variant is illustrated in the complex calling song structure recorded at Blackdown Tableland (Fig. 5 F). In this recording, the syllables in the syllable sequence in each subphrase have been replaced by macrosyllables (each comprising 2 – 6 syllables). The recording does, however, contain only a limited sample of the complex song mode and it is possible that the unusual structure may partly be an artefact of the calling song still being in the process of transitioning from the simple mode (which predominates) into the complex mode.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5454FFA5FF1CFB9CFC196CBD.taxon	description	Cicadetta oldfieldi (Distant): Ewart, 1988: 182 – 183, 191, 193, 196 – 197, Fig. 9 J – M, Plate 2 C. Types. Holotype: ♂ [typed] ‘ 28 ° 59 ’ S 151 ° 28 ’ E’ / ’ AUSTRALIA QLD’ / ‘ Glenlyon Dam, via’ / ‘ Texas, SEQ. ’ / ’ 11 – 12. Mar. 2004. ’ / ‘ L. & W. Popple. ’ / ‘ 231 - 0023 ’ / ‘ QM reg. no. T 207359 ’ (QM); Paratypes: QUEENSLAND: 1 ♂ Indooroopilly, Brisbane Q., 28. ii. 1990; 2 ♀ Stanthorpe, 11. ii. 1990, A. I. Knight; 1 M Mackellar Ra. Rd, Bungabbeee SF, 15 km SE. Kyogle, NSW, 28. xii. 1997, mv light, Watkins elev. 180 m; 1 ♀ QLD: Mt Woowoonga ca 50 mi. W. of Bundaberg via Dallarnil, 29 – 30. i. 1972, H. Frauca; 1 ♂ NW slope of Bluff Rg. nr Biggenden QLD, 10. i. 1972, H. Frauca; 2 ♂ QLD Biggenden, Bluff Range, 11. i. 1971, H. Frauca, c. 1700 ft; 1 ♂ same data as previous, 12. xii. 1972; 1 ♂ same data as previous, 13. i. 1977; 1 ♂ QLD: Biggenden, Bluff Range, South fhills, 9. xii. 1972, H. Frauca; 2 ♂ same data as previous, 19 – 20. xii. 1972, H. Frauca; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ QLD: Mt Walsh summit, 2200 ft, Biggenden, 3. i. 1972, H. Frauca; 1 ♂ Coast Ranges, 11 km S. of Biggenden Q., 4. xii. 1976, H. Frauca; 1 ♀ QLD: Spring Ck ca 30 km S. of Bundaberg, 23. xii. 1976, H. Frauca; 1 ♂ 27.33 S 151.59 E, Prince Henry Heights, 620 m, Toowoomba Q., 19. xii. 1985, I. F. B. Common (all ANIC); 2 ♂ Qld: 25.552 ° Sx 151.469 ° E, Binjour Plateau, Redvale Rd, 21. xii. 1997, C. J. Burwell, open forest, 340 m; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ SEQ: 25 ° 42 ’ S 151 ° 26 ’ E Nipping Gully, Site 6, 18 – 19. xii. 1998, G. Monteith, C. Gough & G. Maywald, 7532, Cicadetta oldfieldi det. A. Ewart, 1997; 1 ♂ Toowoomba, 26. x. 1908, Hamlyn-Harris, Melampsalta oldfieldi; 1 ♀ Toowoomba, 1908, Hamlyn-Harris, Melampsalta oldfieldi; 3 ♂ 2 ♀ QLD: 26 ° 26 ’ Sx 150 ° 31 ’ E, Barakula, 330 m, 17 – 18. xii. 2001, G. Monteith & S. Wright, M. V. light, 10311; 1 ♀ QLD: 28 ° 03 ’ Sx 153 ° 07 ’ E ‘ Glen Witheren’ General, 26 – 29. xii. 2001, G. Montieth, M. V. light, 10352; 1 ♂ SEQ: 24 ° 55 ’ 150 ° 59 ’ E, Hurdle Gully, 14.8 km WSW Monto, open forest, 460 m, 20. xii. 1997, C. J. Burwell, S. Evans; 1 ♂ 1 F Gooroolba, S. E. Q., 1. xii. 1952, W. W. Abell, Melampsalta oldfieldi; 1 ♂ N. of Samford, xi. 1990, C. J. Burwell, Cicadetta oldfieldi det. A. Ewart 1997 (all QM); 1 ♂ Australia, Queensland, 4 km W. of Binjour, SEQ, 24. i. 2003, L. & W. Popple, mv lamp, 231 - 0001; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ Australia Queensland, 6 km west of Thane, 11. xii. 2001, Hand collected, L. W. Popple, 28 ° 09 ’ 41 ” S 151 ° 57 ’ 59 ” E, 231 - 0002 to 231 - 0004; 1 ♂ Australia Queensland, Willowvale, 5 km N. Warwick, 11. xii. 2001, L. Popple, J. Moss, 231 - 0005; 1 ♂ Australia Queensland, 28.162 S ° 151.6287 ° E, Thanes Creek via Warwick, L. Popple, J. Moss, 231 - 0004, Genitalia prep. 231 - 01; 1 ♂ Dinmore, Ipswich, SEQ, 6. iii. 1998, L. Popple, Acacia sp., 231 - 0006; 1 ♂ Camp Hill, Brisbane, SEQ, 3. iii. 1998, L. Popple, Acacia sp., 231 - 0007; 1 ♂ Myall Park, 8 km N. Glenmorgan, SEQ, 27 – 28. xii. 2001, L. Popple, A. Strange, 231 - 0008; 1 ♂ Austin Rd, Crows Nest, SEQ, mv lamp, 26. xii. 2001, L. Popple, A. Strange, 231 - 0009; 1 ♂ Highfields, via Toowoomba, SEQ, 26. xii. 2001, L. Popple, A. Strange, 231 - 0010; 1 ♂ Lytton, SEQ, 10. xii. 2000, L. Popple, S. Billington, 231 - 0011; 3 ♂ Carina Heights, SEQ, 7. xi. 1998, L. Popple, 231 - 0014 - 231 - 0016; 1 ♀ Carina Heights, SEQ, 3. xii. 1999, W. Popple, 231 - 0017; 1 ♂ Australia, Queensland, Carina Heights, Brisbane, SEQ, 7 – 8. i. 2003, L. W. Popple, Recorded L. W. Popple, 231 - 0018; 1 ♂ Australia, Queensland, Carina Heights, Brisbane, SEQ, i. 2003, L. W. Popple, 231 - 0019; 1 ♂ Australia, Queensland, Carina Heights, Brisbane, SEQ, 21. xii. 2002, R. J. Popple, 231 - 0020; 1 ♀ 27 ° 18 ’ S 152 ° 28 ’ E, Australia, Qld, Mount Glorious, 11. i. 2004, M. Larsen, mv lamp, 231 - 0022; 1 ♂ Australia Queensland, 28 ° 34 ’ S 152 ° 49 ’ E, Afterlee Public School, Kyogle district, rural, L. Popple, R. MacSloy, 231 – 0024; 1 ♂ Australia Queensland, 25 ° 22 ’ 42 ” S 151 ° 07 ’ 46 ” E, Eidsvold, Burnett River, 28 – 29. xii. 2004, L. W. Popple, 231 - 0025; 1 ♂ Australia Queensland, 28.162 S ° 151.6287 ° E, Thanes Creek via Warwick, 28. i. 2005, L. Popple and R. MacSloy, 231 - 0027; 1 ♂ Australia Queensland, 27 ° 24 ’ 47 ” S 152 ° 11 ’ 60 ” E, Helidon Hills, Seventeen Mile Road, 19. ii. 2005, L. W. Popple, R. MacSloy, 231 - 0028; 1 ♂ Australia Queensland, 25 ° 36 ’ 18 ” S 151 ° 32 ’ 26 ” E, Mt Debatable (summit), 28. x. 2005, L. W. Popple, Acacia sp., 231 - 0029; 1 ♂ Australia Queensland, Southwood NP, via Moonie, 5 – 10. xii. 2005, L. Popple, A. Ewart, 27 ° 50 ’ 05 ” S 150 ° 06 ’ 47 ” E, 231 - 0030; 1 ♂ 3 ♀ Australia Queensland, Lake Broadwater, via Dalby, 14 – 15. xii. 2005, L. W. Popple, mv lamp, 27 ° 21 ’ 02 ” S 151 ° 05 ’ 34 ” E, 231 - 0031 to 231 - 0035; 1 ♂ Australia Queensland, Metroplex, Murrarie, 27 ° 26 ’ 58 ” S 153 ° 05 ’ 54 ” E, iii. 2008, Ac. fimbriata, L. W. Popple, 231 - 0036; 1 ♂ Australia Queensland, Burrandoan Rd, SW of Kingaroy, 11. xii. 2007, 26 ° 26 ° 35 ’ 54 ” S 151 ° 44 ’ 58 ” E, 231 - 0037; 1 ♂ Australia QLD, Roys Rd, Beerwah (F. S. C.), 26 ° 51 ’ 19 ” S 153 ° 00 ’ 24 ” E, 10. xii. 2007, A. flavescens, L. Popple, R. MacSloy; 1 ♂ Australia QLD, Warwick — 5 km S., parkland, Acacia sp., 22. i. 2010, L. W. Popple, 28 ° 13 ’ 31 ” S 152 ° 01 ’ 12 ” E, 231 - 0039 (all LWP); 1 ♀ Iron Bark, Crows Nest, 6. xi. 1975, [A. Ewart]; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ Iron Bark, Crows Nest, 22. xi. 1975, [A. Ewart]; 2 ♂ Perseverance Dam, 19. x. 1975, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♀ Ironbark Qld, Crows Nest, 1. xi. 1977 [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ L. Broadwater, Dalby, Qld, 12. ii. 1984, [A. Ewart]; 3 ♂ 1 ♀ Wilkie Ck, L. Broadwater area, 21. ii. 1987, A. E [wart]; 1 M Mt Nebo, SEQ, H. Horton, x. 1987; 1 ♂ ‘ Rockwood’ Chinchilla, 26 ° 55 ’ S 150 ° 25 ’ E, Iron Bark Ridge, 29. i. 1983; 1 ♂ L. Broadwater, SW. area, on A. spectabilis, 30 km SW. Dalby, Q, 28. xi. 1987, D. M. Reeves; 1 ♂ L. Broadwater, Acacia, A. E [wart], ~ 30 km SW Dalby, 3. xi. 1990; 1 ♂ Hellhole Creek Quarry, Auburn Rd, Baracula S. F., Q, 15. xii. 1997; 1 ♂ Doolandella, S. E. Qld, 7. iii. 1994, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ Doolandella, S. E. Qld, 18 – 19. xii. 1995, [A. Ewart]; 3 ♂ L. Broadwater, E. P., SEQ., Bush Camp Entrance, A. E [wart], I. R [attray]; 3. i. 2000, 27 ° 19.89 ’ S 151 ° 05.76 ’ E; 1 ♂ L. Broadwater, E. P., SEQ., Bush Camp Entrance, A. E [wart], I. R [attray]; 3. i. 2000, 27 ° 19,89 ’ S 151 ° 05.76 ’ E, Recorded; 1 ♂ Binjour Plateau, 17 km NW. Gayndah, S. E. Q. 22. xii. 2000, A. E [wart], 25 ° 31.99 ’ S 151 ° 30.00 ’ E, Field recording; 1 ♂ Leslie Dam, Warwick, SEQ, 30. xi. 2001, A. E [wart], 28 ° 14.32 ’ S 151 ° 55.54 ’ E, Recorded; 1 ♂ Leslie Dam, Warwick, SEQ, 1. xii. 2001, A. E [wart], Open woodland, 28 ° 15.13 ’ S 151 ° 55.67 ’ E; 1 ♂ ‘ Allinga’ pty, N. Chinchilla SEQ. Brigalow, A. E [wart], 9. i. 2002, 26 ° 39.79 ’ S 150 ° 38.06 ’ E (all AE); 1 ♀ Anstead Qld, 16. xii. 1999, M. Coombs; 1 ♀ Glastonbury Qld, 31. x. 1999, G. Maywald, 26 ° 13 ’ S 152 ° 32 ’ E; 1 ♂ Eumundi Qld, 11. xii. 2001, M. Coombs; 1 ♂ Gunalda Qld, 14. xii. 2001, M. Coombs (all MC); 1 ♂ Benarkin, Blackbutt, 7. xi. 1993, R. Eastwood; 1 ♀ AU. QLD. YLC, Yarrill Ck, nr Boggabilla, 223 m, 28 ° 18.0 ’ S 150 ° 17.7 ’ E, 2. i. 2004, Cooley, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 ♂ 16 km S. of Miles, 19. xii. 1987, T. A. Moulds; 2 ♀ Kinbombi Falls, near Goomeri, 19. xii. 1976, M. S. & B. J. Moulds; 2 ♂ 2 ♀ Jimna, N. of Kilcoy, 17. xii. 1979, A. Hiller; 1 ♂ Isla Gorge, 22. x. 1989, R. Eastwood; 1 ♂ 2 ♀ Coominglah Range, 24 km N. of Monto, 6. i. 1975, M. S. & B. J. Moulds, ♂ genitalia prep C 66; 1 ♂ St Lucia, Brisbane, 10. viii. 1980, I. Gynther; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ Wyberba, S. of Stanthorpe, ex. Coll. Vernon Fanning, purchased 1984, no other data; 1 ♂ Kenmore, 26. x. 1984, J. North; 1 ♂ St Lucia, 24. ix. 1983, J. North; 1 ♂ St Lucia, Brisbane, 10. x. 1987, R. Van Barneveld; 1 ♂ Ashgrove, Brisbane, 5. x. 1983, J. T. North; 4 ♂ Leslie Dam, Warwick, 1. i. 1993, R. Eastwood; 1 ♂ [damaged], same data as previous, 7. i. 1990; 1 ♂ Lake Broadwater, nr Dalby, site A, 27 ° 21 ’ S 151 ° 06 ’ E, 25. x. 1986, G. and A. Daniels; 1 ♂ same data as previous, 26. xii. 1986; 1 ♂ same data as previous, site B, 30. i. 1987; 1 ♂ same data as previous, 30. ii. 1987; 1 ♀ St Lucia, 9. xii. 1983, C. E. Hagan; 1 ♂ Canningvale via Warwick, 13. i. 1993, R. Eastwood; 1 ♂ same data as previous, 6. ii. 1993; 1 ♀ AU. QL. LBW, nr Lake Broadwater, 27 ° 18.846 ’ S 151 ° 5.962 ’ E, 357 m, 10. i. 2002, Cooley, Hill, Marshall, Cowan & Moulds; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ foot of Blackbutt Rg., 13 km E. of Blackbutt, 26 ° 53.34 ’ S 152 ° 12.88 ’ E, 9. i. 2002, Cooley, Cowan, Hill, Marshall; 1 ♀ S. Gympie, 23. xi. 1986, R. Eastwood; 1 ♂ AU. QL. SUN, Sundown N. P., E. of Texas, 28 ° 55.184 ’ S 151 ° 34.9 ’ E, 385 m, 4. i. 2009, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, Owen; 1 ♂ AU. QL. TXN, ~ 28 km S. of Inglewood, 28 ° 40.369 ’ S 151 ° 8.958 ’ E, 347 m, 3. i. 2009, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, Owen; 3 ♂ Wildash, Warwick, 14. i. 1993, R. Eastwood; 1 ♂ same data as previous, 20. ii. 1995; 1 ♂ same data as previous, 22. ii. 1995; 1 ♂ same data as previous, 9. xii. 1994; 1 ♂ Blackbutt, 21. i. 1989, R. Eastwood; 1 ♂ Connolly Dam, Warwick, 10. i. 1990, R. Eastwood; 1 ♂ Queensland University, St Lucia, Brisbane, 27 ° 30 ’ S 153 ° 06 ’ E, 29. ii. 1998, G. Daniels; 1 ♂ Capalaba, Brisbane, 8 Jan 2002, Cooley, Cowan, Hill, Marshall, Moss, Moulds; (MSM); NEW SOUTH WALES: 1 ♂ Australia, N. S. W., Oaky Hill via Legume, 1. xi. 2003, L. Popple, R. MacSloy, 231 - 0021; 1 ♂ Australia NSW, 4 km SSE. of Stannum, 4. i. 2016, SL 100704, L. W. Popple, Recorded, 29.35249 ° S 151.803142 ° E, 231 - 0040 (both LWP); 3 ♂ Tamworth NSW, 16. i. 1992, M. Coombs, 1 M Inverell NSW, 4. ii. 1995, M. Coombs (all MC); 4 ♂ 1 ♀ Warrumbungle NPk, 31 ° 29.22 ’ S, 149 ° 00.76 ’ E, 420 m, 16. ii. 15, N. & D. Emery; 1 ♂ Whitegum Lookout, Warrumbungle NPk, 31 ° 18.14 ’ S, 149 ° 02.05 ’ E, 680 m, 12. i. 14, C. & D. Emery; 1 ♂ Spring Ridge, 31 ° 39.11 ’ S; 150 ° 25.48 ’ E, 15. ii. 15, N. & D. Emery; 1 ♂ 64 km E Ebor, 30 ° 04.08 ’ S, 152 ° 38.08 ’ E, 654 m, 4. i. 13, N., C. & D. Emery; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ Killarney Gap, nr Bingara, 30 ° 08.12 ’ S, 150 ° 04.33 ’ E, 600 m, 02. xii. 13, N., C. & D. Emery (all DE); 5 ♂ 1 ♀ NSW. MRE, 50 km S. of Moree, N. S. W., 29 ° 53.0 ’ S 149 ° 47.3 ’ E, 1. i. 2004, Cooley, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 ♂ same data as previous, VOUCHER 04. NSW. MRE. 14, T. oldfieldi; 1 ♂ AU. NSW. INX ~ 15 km E. of Delungra, N. S. W., 29 ° 43.837 ’ S 150 ° 56.804 ’ E, 700 m, 1. i. 2005, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 ♀ AU. NSW. INW, C. 19 km E. of Delungra, N. S. W., 29 ° 44.097 ’ S 150 ° 59.147 ’ E, 707 m, 1. i. 2005, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 ♂ same data as previous, VOUCHER: SIMON LAB 05. AU. NSW. INW. 02, Cicadetta oldfieldi; 1 ♂ AU. NSW. ROP, c. 3 km W of Warialda, N. S. W, 29 ° 33.076 ’ S 150 ° 35.263 ’ E, 591 m, 1. i. 2005, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 6 ♂ 11 km N. of Baradine, 1. i. 1974, M. S. & B. J. Moulds; 2 ♂ 3 ♀ Afterlee near Kyogle, 10. i. 1975, M. S. & B. J. Moulds; 1 ♂ Inverell, 2. i. 1985, M. S. & B. J. Moulds; 1 ♂ Kyogle, 7. i. 1985, W. Rixon (MSM).	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5454FFA5FF1CFB9CFC196CBD.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after Mr Robert MacSloy of Alexandra Hills, Queensland. Mr MacSloy is one of only a small number of people who have the ability to recognise cicada species from their calls, and he has used this skill to contribute extensively to the current knowledge of the distributions and seasonality of cicadas over many years, particularly in south-east Queensland.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5454FFA5FF1CFB9CFC196CBD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (Plate 1 C, 1 D; Figs 2 B, 8 A, 9 A). Male and female specimens match the description given for E. oldfieldi, though with some differences, as follows. Ventral surface of head mostly green to pale yellow-brown; postclypeus green, often with some dark brown coloration along midline; anteclypeus green to pale brown; rostrum pale brown anteriorly, becoming brown to dark brown towards apex. Dorsal surface of head green to olive-brown with a black band extending between the eyes and surrounding the interior margins of ocelli, though not extending to anterior margin; ocelli pink. Eyes deep red in living specimens, faded to brown in preserved specimens. Antennae dark brown, paler towards apex. Thorax green, sometimes fading to olive in dried specimens. Pronotum green with a thin, brown midline extending from the back of the head. Mesonotum green to olive-brown; midline broad, brown to pale brown, with lateral edges distinctly yellow; submedian sigilla darker than midline, brown to dark brown and typically darkest along parapsidal sutures; lateral sigilla green to olive-brown, sometimes indistinct. Legs with coxae and femora green or olive brown; tibia olive to pale brown; tarsi pale brown, becoming darker brown towards apex of claws. Wings with fore wing costal veins pale green to pale brown; pterostigma light brown. Hind wing veins pale brown or light green, becoming darker on posterior side of apical cells. Abdomen with tergites green or faded to olive-green; midline approximately 1 mm wide, brown, bordered by pale brown or yellow. Sternites pale green to yellow brown. Female abdominal segment 9 green, with a brown midline; ovipositor sheath extends approximately 1 mm beyond the termination of abdominal segment 9.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5454FFA5FF1CFB9CFC196CBD.taxon	description	Measurements. N = 26 ♂ 8 ♀. Means and ranges (in parentheses), mm; BL: ♂ 17.1 (15.3 – 18.6), ♀ 21.4 (19.9 – 23.1); FWL: ♂ 22.2 (19.3 – 25.9), ♀ 25.7 (23.7 – 26.5); FWW: ♂ 7.5 (6.8 – 8.0), ♀ 8.6 (8.2 – 9.0); HW: ♂ 6.1 (5.3 – 7.0), ♀ 6.8 (6.4 – 7.0); PW: ♂ 5.2 (4.5 – 6.2), ♀ 5.9 (5.6 – 6.3); AW: ♂ 5.2 (4.8 – 5.8), ♀ 5.7 (5.3 – 6.0). Distinguishing features. Ewartia roberti n. sp. has a conspicuous, brown stripe medially along the dorsum, which extends from the proximal edge of the pronotum posteriorly to the apex of the abdomen. The stripe is distinctly narrow on the pronotum and to some extent along the abdomen, but is contrastingly broad on the mesonotum. This feature distinguishes it readily from E. brevis, E. carina n. sp. and E. cuensis. A similar stripe is also present in E. etesia n. sp., E. lapidosa n. sp., E. oldfieldi and E. thamna n. sp.; however, its presentation in E. roberti n. sp. is subtly unique. In E. roberti n. sp., the stripe is narrower than the distance between the inner margins of the lateral ocelli. This distinguishes it from both E. oldfieldi and E. lapidosa n. sp., in which the stripe is conspicuously broader than the distance between the lateral ocelli, and most conspicuously broader at the anterior margin of the pronotum (compare Figs 2 A, 2 B, 2 C). It also distinguishes it from E. etesia n. sp., in which the stripe is equal to or broader than the distance between the inner margins of the lateral ocelli (Figure 2 D). In E. roberti n. sp., the black colouration on the dorsal side of the head is extensive, and, in particular, it surrounds the lateral ocelli. This distinguishes it from E. thamna n. sp., which has no black colouration on the dorsal side of the head. In addition, females of E. roberti n. sp. can be distinguished from E. oldfieldi and E. etesia n. sp. by their short ovipositor length, which extends <1 mm beyond the apex of abdominal segment 9. In E. oldfieldi, this extends 2.0 – 2.5 mm, and in E. etesia n. sp., it extends approximately 3 mm.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5454FFA5FF1CFB9CFC196CBD.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. This species occurs from near Monto and Isla Gorge in south-east Queensland south to near Macksville, Spring Ridge and the Warrumbungle National Park in northern New South Wales (Fig. 10). Adults are present from late August until April. It occurs in association with various wattles (Acacia spp.) in dry sclerophyll forests, heathlands and also in urban environments, including road verges. Acacia fimbriata is a major adult food plant in Brisbane. In Brisbane Forest Park, A. glaucocarpa is inhabited. In the inland, specimens have been collected from A. spectabilis. Other wattle species with small phyllodes tend to be favoured. Acacias with large, fleshy phyllodes (e. g. A. concurrens), are only utilised occasionally. In most seasons, E. roberti n. sp. is a common species throughout its range. Local congregations of singing males are often prominently scattered throughout areas of suitable habitat. Adults are active from Late August or September to May, being most common from October to February. This species overlaps in geographical distribution with E. oldfieldi and E. lapidosa n. sp., and sometimes occurs in sympatry with each of these taxa. Calling song. The complex calling song mode of E. roberti n. sp. (Figs 11 – 13) contains repeated, exceptionally long subphrases (25.3 – 36.6 s duration; all statistics n = 70 recordings). Each subphrase is composed of a long series of discrete macrosyllables (each 2 – 5 syllables, 0.029 – 0.080 s duration), each separated by a (typically increasing) set of 1 – 5 discrete syllables (each 11 – 13 ms duration, gaps 0.053 – 0.092 s duration), which is then followed by series of 3 – 4 echemes of increasing duration (0.107 – 0.441 s), each punctuated by syllable sequences of decreasing duration (each between 0.337 and 1.234 s, containing intersyllable gaps of 0.009 – 0.045 s duration), a climatic echeme (0.296 – 2.351 s duration) and, finally, a long syllable sequence (4.416 – 7.407 s duration, with intersyllable gaps of 0.031 – 0.084 s duration). An accentuation then follows the syllable sequence at the end of most subphrases. This comprises typically 3 – 4 macrosyllables (each containing 2 – 5 syllables), each separated either by a syllable sequence (1 – 5 syllables, with intersyllable gaps of 0.031 – 0.086 s duration) or, more rarely, an uninterrupted gap (0.142 – 0.201 s), and followed by a final gap (0.123 – 0.155 s duration). This calling song mode is typically produced at intervals throughout the day. The simple calling song mode of this species (Fig. 14) contains monotonously repeated phrases (0.3 – 1.1 s duration). Each phrase typically contains a single echeme (0.25 – 1.07 s duration) followed by a gap (0.053 – 0.118 s duration); however, as the call progresses, the long echemes may be preceded by 1 – 2 discrete syllables or macrosyllables (each 0.011 – 0.062 s duration), each followed by gaps (0.026 – 0.064 s duration). This calling song mode predominates at dusk and is also produced occasionally at intervals during the day. The presentation of the frequency spectra does not change between song modes. In each mode the calling song typically has a highest amplitude frequency plateau between 10.0 and 14.5 kHz, with a dominant frequency between 11.3 and 13.5 kHz (mean = 12.3, n = 22; e. g. Fig. 7 B). The structure of the calling song of E. roberti n. sp. is remarkably consistent across its wide distribution. The echeme, syllable sequence and subphrase durations do exhibit some variation, but this variation appears to be present within and among individuals in the broader population, without exhibiting any clear spatial pattern. Much of this variation considered likely to be at least partly temperature dependent.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C544AFFAFFF1CFA46FB2C6C6C.taxon	description	Types. Holotype: ♂ [typed] ’ AUSTRALIA QLD’ / ‘ Bringalily State Forest’ / ‘ Jump-up’. 26. Oct. 2006 ’ / ‘ L. W. Popple, A. Ewart’ / ‘ 28 ° 11 ’ 20 ” S 151 ° 07 ’ 26 ” E’ / ‘ 228 - 0009 ’ / ‘ QM reg. no. T 207358 ’ (QM); Paratypes: QUEENSLAND: 1 ♀ QLD: Biggenden, Bluff Range foothills, 1 – 7. i. 1972, H. Frauca (ANIC); 5 ♂ 2 ♀ QLD: 26 ° 04 ’ Sx 150 ° 49 ’ E, ‘ Wongan Hills’, site 3, 520 m, 11. xii. 2001, 10257, Monteith, Cook & Wright, MV Light, vine scrub; 1 ♂ SEQ: 26 ° 40 ’ S 150 ° 18 ’ E, 11 km E. Miles, 360 m, 3. iii. 1998, C. J. Burwell, S. G. Evans (all QM); 4 ♂ ‘ Possum Park’, - 20 km N. Miles, S. Q., 20. i. 2001, A. E [wart], Ironbark-Lancewood woodland, 26 ° 30.30 ’ S 150 ° 06.03 ’ E; 4 ♂ 60.0 km E. Croydon, 12.4 km W. Gilbert R. xing, N. Q. A. E., Lancewood, 27. i. 2005, 18 ° 13.57 ’ S 142 ° 45.71 ’ E; 1 ♂ Lkt Tower, ~ 11 km NNW., R. Wicks, Res. Stn., Bringalily S. F., via Inglewood, SQ., 18. xii. 2006, A. E., 28 ° 11.28 ’ S 151 ° 07.46 ’ E; 8 ♂ 18 ♀ ‘ Coo-ee Yards’, Red Hill Road, Chinchilla, 9044 / 650500, 9. i. 1994, [A. Ewart]; 3 ♂ 1 ♀ Hookswood Rd, 4.7 km N. of Racecourse Rd Jct., Miles, Q., Light, 26 ° 35.88 ’ S 150 ° 12.54 ’ E, 14. xii. 1997, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ Hookswood Rd, 4.7 km N. of Racecourse Rd Jct., Miles, Q., Light, 26 ° 35.88 ’ S 150 ° 12.54 ’ E, 22. xi. 1997, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ Hookswood Rd, 1.7 km N. of Racecourse Rd Jct., Miles, Q., 22. xi. 1997, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ 5.2 km S. Charleville, S. W. Q., Mulga, 8. xii. 2000, A. E., I. Rattray, 26 ° 26.86 ’ S 146 ° 14.54 ’ E; 1 ♀ Cracow, Qld, 18. ii. 1979, [A. Ewart]; 1 ♂ Sandstone Ridge, S. W. Chinchilla, Qld, B 944 / 435320, 10. i. 1995, [A. Ewart], Recorded (all AE); 1 ♂ Australia, Queensland, 2 km S. of Eidsvold, SEQ, 25. i. 2003, L. & W. Popple, 230 - 0028; 1 ♂ 25 ° 22 ’ 48 ” S 151 ° 08 ’ 59 ” E, 2 km S. of Eidsvold, 28. xii. 2004, L. W. Popple, A. shirleyi, 229 - 0001; 2 ♂ 6 ♀ Australia Qld, Possum Park, 19 km N. of Miles, 25. Nov. 2005, L. W. Popple, N. Hando, 228 - 0001 to 228 - 0008; 3 ♂ same data as holotype, 228 - 0010 to 228 - 0012; 1 ♂ AUSTRALIA QLD, Gurulmundi State Forest, 3. xii. 2011, L. W. Popple, 26 ° 24 ’ 33 ” S 150 ° 05 ’ 19 ” E, 228 - 0013; 1 ♂ QUEENSLAND: Australia Queensland, Hookswood Rd, 20 km N. Miles, SEQ, 19. Dec. 2002, L. W. & J. M. Popple, 230 - 0027; 5 ♂ 1 ♀ Australia Queensland, 6 km west of Thane, 11. xii. 2001, Hand collected, L. W. Popple, 28 ° 09 ’ 41 ” S 151 ° 57 ’ 59 ” E, 230 - 0003 to 230 - 0008; 1 ♂ same data as holotype; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ Australia Qld, Leichhardt Highway, 1 km N. of Miles, 25. Nov. 2005, L. W. Popple, N. Hando, Acacia aprepta, 229 - 0004 to 229 - 0006; 5 ♂ 1 ♀ Australia QLD, Cynthia-Wuruma Jct. Rd, 26. Nov. 2006, Recorded, L. Popple & A. McKinnon, 25 ° 12 ’ 15 ” S 151 ° 06 ’ 23 ” E, 229 - 0007 to 229 - 0012; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ Australia QLD, Possum Park, 28. xii. 2011 – 1. i. 2012, L. Popple & A. McKinnon, 26 ° 30 ’ 19 ” S 150 ° 12 ’ 31 ” E, 229 - 0029 to 229 - 0030; 1 ♂ 1 km N. of Auburn River NP, SW of Mundubbera, SEQ, 2. xi. 2002, L. Popple, S. Billington, 230 - 0002; 1 ♂ Australia Queensland, 25 ° 22 ’ 42 ” S 151 ° 07 ’ 46 ” E, Eidsvold, Burnett River, 28 – 29. xii. 2004, L. W. Popple, 231 - 0026; 1 ♂ Razorback Road, 10. x. 2016. Acacia sp., L. W. Popple, 27 ° 44 ' 14 " S 152 ° 07 ' 00 " E, 229 - 0032 (all LWP); 1 ♂ Australia QLD, AU. QL. ISE, ~ 65 km SW of Nebo, 21 ° 57.879 ’ S 148 ° 14.524 ’ E, 349 m, 02. iii. 2008, K. Hill, D. Marshall, M. Moulds, C. Owen, M. Humphrey, C. SIMON LAB VOUCHER, legs in ETOH, body pinned, 08. AU. QL. ISE. 01, “ oldfieldi complex ”; 1 ♂ Australia QLD, AU. QL. MVB, 44 km NW of Morven, 26 ° 07.142 ’ S 146 ° 52.527 ’ E, 434 m, 08. ii. 2008, K. Hill, D. Marshall, M. Moulds, C. Owen, M. Humphrey, C. SIMON LAB VOUCHER, legs in ETOH, body pinned, 08. AU. QL. MVB. 01, “ oldfieldi black stripe ”?; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ “ Mourangee ”, nr Edungalba, on rosewood, 15. xi. 1987, Robert Adams; 1 ♂ Capella, 8. ii. 1981, M. S. & B. J. Moulds; 1 ♂ 2 ♀ 20 km N. of Moonie, 17. xii. 1983, D. Kitchin; 1 ♂ Chesterton Range N. P., 13. i. 1995, Acacia sp., Colin Dollery; 1 ♀ 3 km W. of “ Mourangee ”, nr Edungalba, 7. xii. 1983, E. E. Adams; 2 ♂ Isla Gorge S., 22. x. 1989, R. Eastwood; 1 ♂ Isla Gorge Nat. Park, 25 ° 11 ’ S 149 ° 58 ’ E, 10. ii. 1991, G. and A. Daniels, C. Burwell; 3 ♂ 3 ♀ AU. QL. EXP, Expedition Rg. on Dawson Hwy, 24 ° 38.658 ’ S 149 ° 1.292 ’ E, 437 m, 7. i. 2009, Hill Marshall, Moulds; 1 ♀ 2 km W. of Mourangeee Hsd, nr Edungalba, 4. xi. 1986, E. E. Adams; 3 ♂ 4 ♀ 16 km SW. of Coppabella, S. end of Kerlong Rg., 7. ii. 1981, M. S. & B. J. Moulds; 1 ♂ AU. QL. MRA, rest area, ~ 17 km N. of Monto, 24 ° 48.066 ’ S 150 ° 59.016 ’ E, 555 m, 6. i. 2009, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, Owen; 3 ♂ Coominglah Range, 24 km N. of Monto, 6. i. 1975, M. S. & B. J. Moulds; 1 ♂ Miles, 24. xii. 1985, S. Lamond; 1 ♂ Weir River, S. of Moonie, 22. xii. 1989, M. S. & B. J. Moulds; 5 ♂ 3 ♀ AU. QL. MOH, 5 km E. of Moonie, 27 ° 31.404 ’ S 150 ° 38.684 ’ E, 403 m, 2. i. 2009, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, Owen (all MSM); NEW SOUTH WALES: 2 ♂ 8 mi. ESE. of Tottenham, N. S. W., 4. i. 1951, Key & Chinnick (both ANIC); 1 ♂ Mt Hope gravel pit, 32 ° 50.24 ’ S; 145 ° 52.53 ’ E, 21. xi. 10, Popple & Emery; 1 ♂ 40 Km N. Coonabarabran, 30 ° 57.53 ’ S; 149 ° 25.08 ’ E, 446 m, 05. i. 13, N., C. & D. Emery; 1 ♂ Killarney Gap, nr Bingara, 30 ° 08.13 ’ S; 150 ° 09.31 ’ E, 620 m, 05. i. 13, N., C. & D. Emery; 1 ♂ Whitegum Lookout, Warrumbungle NPk, 31 ° 18.14 ’ S, 149 ° 02.05 ’ E, 680 m, 13. xii. 14, C. & D. Emery; 1 ♂ Whitegum Lookout, Warrumbungle NPk, 31 ° 18.14 ’ S; 149 ° 02.05 ’ E, 680 m, 15. ii. 15, N. & D. Emery; 3 ♂ Whitegum Lookout, Warrumbungle NPk, 31 ° 18.14 ’ S; 149 ° 02.05 ’ E, 680 m, 18. i. 15, C. & D. Emery (all DE) 1 ♂ AUSTRALIA: NSW AU. NS. MHE, 40 km ESE of Mt Hope on Euabalong-Mt Hope Rd, 215 m. 32 ° 57.532 ’ S 146 ° 14.175 ’ E, 12. i. 2011, K. Hill, D. Marshall, C. SIMON LAB VOUCHER, body pinned, legs in ETOH, 11. AU. NS. MHE. 01, oldfieldi cx, specimen recorded; 1 ♂ same data as previous, 11. AU. NS. MHE. 02, oldfieldi cx; 1 ♂ Round Hill Nature Reserve, 27. xii. 1976, G. Daniels; 2 ♂ Bumberry, 30. xii. 1976, G. Daniels; 3 ♂ Yetman, 17. xii. 1983, M. S. B. J. Moulds; (all MSM).	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C544AFFAFFF1CFA46FB2C6C6C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is derived from the Latin lapidosus, meaning stony or pebbly. This refers to the stony or pebbly substrate with which this species is commonly associated.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C544AFFAFFF1CFA46FB2C6C6C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (Plates 1 E, 1 F; Figs 2 C, 8 B, 8 C, 9 B, 9 C). Male and female specimens match the description given for E. oldfieldi, with differences in markings and colouration as follows. Ventral surface of head mainly brown to olive-brown; postclypeus brown to ochraceous, extensively black along midline and transverse grooves; anteclypeus mainly black, dark ochraceous on midline; rostrum brown anteriorly, becoming dark brown towards apex. Dorsal surface of brown with a black band extending from between the eyes to the anterior margin, surrounding the ocelli and reaching the adjacent posterior margin; ocelli pink. Eyes deep red in living specimens, faded to brown in preserved specimens. Antennae dark brown, paler towards apex. Thorax olive-brown to yellow-brown, sometimes fading to dull pale yellow-brown in dried specimens. Pronotum olive-brown to yellow-brown with a brown to ochraceous midline, bordered by dark brown, extending from back of the head where it is initially almost as broad as separation between inner margins of eyes, abruptly narrowing posteriorly to a width approximately equal to the separation between the inner margins of the lateral ocelli, then broadening briefly in posterior 1 / 5 th before narrowing abruptly immediately anterior to margin of pronotal collar. Mesonotum yellow-brown to olive-brown; midline broad, brown to reddish-brown or dark brown, with lateral edges contrastingly yellow; submedian sigilla brown with dark brown margins or entirely dark brown; lateral sigilla yellow-brown to dull olive-brown, sometimes indistinct. Legs with coxae and femora yellow-brown or olive brown; tibia olive to pale brown; tarsi pale brown, becoming darker brown towards apex of claws. Wings with fore wing costal veins green to pale brown; pterostigma brown to reddish-brown. Hind wing veins pale brown, becoming darker on posterior side of apical cells. Abdomen with tergites yellow-brown or orange-brown to olive-brown; midline approximately broad, though narrower than midline of mesonotum, brown or reddish-brown to dark brown, sometimes diffuse. Sternites yellow-brown, orange-brown or dull olive-brown. Female abdominal segment 9 yellow-brown to olive-brown, with a brown midline; ovipositor sheath extends approximately 1 mm beyond the termination of abdominal segment 9.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C544AFFAFFF1CFA46FB2C6C6C.taxon	description	Measurements. N = 21 ♂ 12 ♀. Means and ranges (in parentheses), mm; BL: ♂ 17.3 (15.7 – 20.2), ♀ 19.7 (18.4 – 22.0); FWL: ♂ 22.7 (19.9 – 24.3), ♀ 24.1 (23.2 – 26.0); FWW: ♂ 7.8 (6.6 – 8.9), ♀ 7.9 (6.6 – 8.3); HW: ♂ 6.1 (5.4 – 6.7), ♀ 6.3 (5.7 – 6.8); PW: ♂ 5.2 (4.5 – 5.8), ♀ 5.4 (5.0 – 5.9); AW: ♂ 5.3 (4.6 – 5.8), ♀ 5.3 (5.0 – 5.7). Distinguishing features. Ewartia lapidosa n. sp. has a conspicuous, dark brown stripe medially along the dorsum, which extends from the proximal edge of the pronotum posteriorly to the apex of the abdomen. This feature distinguishes it readily from E. brevis, E. carina n. sp. and E. cuensis; however, a similar stripe is present in E. etesia n. sp., E. oldfieldi, E. roberti n. sp. and E. thamna n. sp. In E. lapidosa n. sp., the stripe on the pronotum narrows conspicuously as it reaches the posterior margin. This distinguishes it consistently from E. oldfieldi, in which the stripe broadens conspicuously towards this posterior margin (compare Figs 2 A and 2 C). Additionally, in E. lapidosa n. sp., the stripe on the pronotum is noticeably broader than the separation between the lateral ocelli. This feature contrasts with E. roberti n. sp., in which the stripe is narrower than the distance between the inner margins of the lateral ocelli (compare Figs 2 B and 2 C). In E. lapidosa n. sp., the black colouration on the dorsal side of the head is extensive and, in particular, it surrounds the lateral ocelli. This distinguishes it from E. thamna n. sp., which has no black colouration on the dorsal side of the head. In most cases, males of E. lapidosa n. sp. can be distinguished from the superficially similar E. etesia n. sp., by their broader head width (> 5.8 mm), although there are exceptions with head widths as narrow as 5.4 mm, which overlap with E. etesia n. sp.. In these cases, it is helpful to note the non-overlapping geographical distributions of the two species (E. lapidosa n. sp. in eastern Australia and E. etesia n. sp. in the Top End of the Northern Territory). In addition, females of E. lapidosa n. sp. can be distinguished from both E. oldfieldi and E. etesia n. sp. by their short ovipositor length, which extends <1 mm beyond the apex of abdominal segment 9. In E. oldfieldi, this extends 2.0 – 2.5 mm, and in E. etesia n. sp., it extends approximately 3 mm.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C544AFFAFFF1CFA46FB2C6C6C.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Ewartia lapidosa n. sp. occurs in the subcoastal and inland semi-arid areas of Queensland and New South Wales from near Georgetown and the White Mountains near Pentland in the north, south-east to Moogerah Dam and south to Mount Hope, Bumberry, Capertee and Singleton (Fig. 15). Populations are found almost exclusively in association with wattle species that grow on hard, stony ground. The cicadas are found where wattles (Acacia spp.) occur both as a monoculture scrub and as a middle canopy or shrub layer component of open forest. Adults occur from late September to March. This species is typically found on wattles (Acacia spp.), growing in stony and sandy soils, including soils derived from sandstone. In New South Wales, it is typically found on Acacia cheelii, and has also been collected from A. doratoxylon at Mount Hope. In central and southern central Queensland, it is often found in association with Lancewood (Acacia shirleyi), but has also been found on A. julifera and A. burrowii. Around Charleville, St George and Morven, adults occur in association with Mulga (Acacia aneura). North of Miles, it is typically found on Acacia crassa. At Moogerah Dam, specimens were observed calling on Acacia blakei. Adults occur between late September and March. Calling song. The complex calling song mode of E. lapidosa n. sp. (Figs 16 – 20) contains repeated subphrases of highly variable duration (mainly between 1.1 and 15.6 s; all statistics n = 107 recordings). The opening section of each subphrase varies; however these often contain a regular pattern of macrosyllables (each 2 – 5 syllables, 0.021 – 0.068 s duration) separated by a set of 1 – 5 discrete syllables (each 9 – 11 ms duration, gaps 0.034 – 0.072 s duration). Alternatively, this section may contain a long syllable sequence (1.016 – 8.337 s duration, with intersyllable gaps of 0.041 – 0.115 s duration), or there may be a combination of macrosyllables separated by syllables (as described above) and a syllable sequence. More rarely, the opening section may become dominated by long sets of macrosyllables. This last pattern typically indicates a transition between the complex and simple calling song modes. The opening section sometimes concludes with 1 – 2 longer duration macrosyllables (each comprising 5 – 8 syllables, 0.061 – 0.095 s), although it may also end abruptly. It is then followed by either a single echeme (0.149 – 0.824 s duration) or a series of 2 – 6 echemes of variable duration (each between 0.180 and 0.658 s), each punctuated by either a single syllable or syllable sequences of variable duration (each between 0.109 and 0.452 s, and containing successively decreasing intersyllable gaps of 0.008 – 0.035 s duration), which denotes the climax. In some cases, a final syllable sequence then ensues (0.190 – 2.801 s duration, with intersyllable gaps of 0.010 – 0.081 s duration). At the end of some subphrases this is followed by an accentuation, which typically comprises 1 – 3 (typically 2) macrosyllables (each containing 2 – 5 syllables), each separated by 1 – 5 syllables (with intersyllable gaps of 0.031 – 0.106 s duration) or an uninterrupted gap (0.142 – 0.326 s), and followed by a final gap (0.065 – 0.197 s duration). This calling song mode is typically produced at intervals throughout the day and interchanges with the simple calling song mode. The simple calling song mode of this species (Fig. 21) contains monotonously repeated short echemes or macrosyllables (0.060 – 0.166 s duration), each separated by a brief gap (0.044 – 0.128 s duration). Sometimes the echemes or macrosyllables become separated by a single discrete syllable, which is typically indicative of a transition between the simple and complex calling song modes. The simple calling song mode predominates at dusk, but is also produced during the day. The presentation of the frequency spectra does not change between song modes. In each mode the calling song typically has a highest amplitude frequency plateau between 10.0 and 15.5 kHz, with a dominant frequency between 11.2 and 13.8 kHz (mean = 12.4, n = 54; e. g. Fig. 7 C, D). Ewartia lapidosa n. sp. exhibits some geographical variation in the structure of the complex calling song mode across geographical space, specifically in subphrase duration (Figs 22, 23). Notably, this attribute is quite consistent across its distribution in New South Wales. However, it is far more variable in Queensland, with individuals tending to produce more drawn-out subphrases, particularly in central and northern areas and shorter subphrases across the south (Fig. 22). At Possum Park and at a site within Gurulmundi State Forest, subphrase durations appear to be bimodal, with the different durations associated with calling males that occur in parapatry in different groves of wattles at each of these locations (albeit with limited recording data; Figs 22, 23). The most extreme example is in a series of three recordings made in the Nebo district of central Queensland by K. Hill and D. Marshall (Fig. 23). Field observations suggest that production of the longer duration subphrases may be linked with occurrence in taller species of wattle (Acacia spp.), but this is speculative and has never been investigation in detail. This situation could potentially indicate the presence of a complex of cryptic species within E. lapidosa n. sp.; however further study would be required to explore the consequences of this song variation.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5440FF95FF1CFA37FE776BA4.taxon	description	Types. Holotype: ♂ ‘ Australia NT’ / ‘ AU. NT. MTE 76 km E of Mataranka’ / ‘ 14 ° 54.888 ’ S 133 ° 42.780 ’ E’ / ‘ 77 m 3 Feb. 2006 ’ / ‘ Hill, Marshall, Moulds’ (NTM); Paratypes: NORTHERN TERRITORY: 1 ♀ same data as holotype (NTM); 2 ♂ 14.19 S 132.25 E, N. T.: Katherine Gorge, 24 km NE. of Katherine, 16. x. 1972, Upton & Barrett (both ANIC); 2 ♂ Litchfield Caravan Park, 13 ° 07.35 ’ S; 130 ° 39.16 ’ E, 26. xi. 08, D. Emery & L. Popple; 1 ♂ Fogg Dam Rd, 28. xi. 08, D. Emery & L. Popple (all DE); 2 ♂ 1.5 km S. of Fogg Dam, 28. xi. 2008, Acacia sp., L. Popple, D. Emery, 12 ° 35.324 ’ S 131 ° 18.679 ’ S, 226 - 0001 to 226 - 0002; 3 ♂ Australia NT, Wangi Tourist Park, 25 – 26. xi. 2008, L. Popple, D. Emery, 13 ° 07.577 ’ S 130 ° 39.312 ’ E, 226 - 0003 to 226 - 0005 (all LWP); 1 ♂ NTR. KWW 30 km W. of Katherine, N. T., 163 m. 14 ° 40.8 S 132 ° 05.1 ’ E, 24. i. 2004, Cooley, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 ♂ same data as previous, VOUCHER, 04. NTR. KWW. 10, T. “ northern oldfieldi ”; 1 ♀ Australia: NT, AU. NT. NOU, Jct. road to Nourlangie Rock & Kakadu Hwy, Kakadu N. P., 12 ° 48.482 ’ S 132 ° 44.802 ’ E, 20. ii. 2008, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, Owen & Humphrey; 1 ♂ same data as previous, C. SIMON LAB VOUCHER, legs in ETOH, body pinned, 08. AU. NT. NOU. 04, “ oldfieldi complex ”, specimen recorded; 17 ♂ same data as holotype; 1 ♂ same data as holotype, C. Simon, LAB VOUCHER, 06. AU. NT. MTE. 05, oldfieldi “ high-bush ”; 1 ♂ same data as holotype, 06. AU. NT. MTE. 06; 1 ♂ NTR. KWW, 30 km W. of Katherine, N. T., 163 m, 14 ° 40.8 ’ S 132 ° 05 ’ E, 24. i. 2004, Cooley, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 ♂ Merl camping area, Kakadu Nat. Park, N. T., 12 ° 25 ’ S 132 ° 57 ’ E, 21. i. 1993, 40 m, G. and A. Daniels; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ Mataranka, Elsey Park, 9. xii. 1993, riverine forest, uv [light], S. & J. Peck, 93 - 115; 1 ♂ Maningrida, 4. i. 1976, J. Grigg (all MSM); 1 ♂ 1 ♀ same data as holotype (both QM); WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 1 ♂ Zebidee Springs, El Questro Stn., E. Kimberley, W. A., 28. xii. 1991, M. S. & B. J. Moulds (MSM).	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5440FF95FF1CFA37FE776BA4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Latin word etesia meaning “ monsoon ”, referring to the species occurrence in the center of the monsoon tropics. PLATE 2. A: Ewartia etesia n. sp. holotype male; B: E. etesia n. sp. female; C: E. thamna n. sp. holotype male; D: E. thamna n. sp. female; E: E. carina n. sp. holotype male. It should be noted that the fore wings of each of these species have similar proportions, despite some appearing broader than others in these images. For instance, the fore wings in C and D appear misleadingly broad as a result of these specimens having slightly drooped fore wings. Scale bars = 5 mm.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5440FF95FF1CFA37FE776BA4.taxon	description	Description. Male (Plate 2 A, Figs 2 D, 8 D, 24 A). Head (including eyes) wider than mesonotum; ventral surface mainly pale yellow-brown; postclypeus and anteclypeus green to pale brown; rostrum pale brown anteriorly, becoming contrastingly dark brown towards apex; dorsal surface olive-brown to brown with a subtle, though broad ochraceous to dark brown band extending between the eyes; vertex and area immediately anterior of median ocellus tending dark brown; supra-antennal plate olivebrown; ocelli pink; with scattered silver pubescence throughout and long silver pubescence behind eyes. Eyes reddish-brown in living specimens, often faded to brown in preserved specimens. Antennae dark brown, paler towards apex. Thorax with scattered silver short pubescence. Pronotum brown to olive-brown; an ochraceous to reddishbrown midline extending from back of head, with anterior margin as broad as distance between inner margins of lateral ocelli, this midline narrowing medially, then broadening conspicuously towards the posterior until reaching margin of pronotal collar; pronotal collar green to brown, reddish-brown medially. Mesonotum green to pale brown; midline broad, reddish-brown, abruptly paler on lateral margins; submedian sigilla brown to dark ochraceous, often inconspicuous relative to midline; lateral sigilla brown to olive-brown, sometimes indistinct; cruciform elevation reddish-brown to dark brown; wing grooves and metanotum pale olive-brown to orangebrown, with silver long pubescence. Legs with coxae and femora pale green or pale yellow-brown; tibiae pale green to pale brown; tarsi pale brown becoming darker towards apex of claws. Wings with fore wing costal veins green to pale yellow-brown; pterostigma pale brown to reddish-brown; basal membranes orange; veins CuA, CuP and M green to pale brown; other veins brown; veins CuA and M fused posterior to apex of basal cell; with eight apical cells. Hind wing veins pale brown or pale green, becoming darker on the posterior side of the apical cells; plaga surrounded by pale brown coloration anteriorly, otherwise transparent; with six apical cells. Opercula broadly rounded, green to orange-brown, with plates relatively flat. Timbals with five long ribs; short (intercalary) ribs present between each long rib. Long ribs 1 – 3 attached to basal spur. Long rib 5 comparatively shorter. All ribs sclerotised, pale brown and of low contrast against timbal membrane. Abdomen. Tergites mainly dull olive-green, often pale brown anteriorly; darker midline> 1 mm wide, appearing wider than midline on thorax, though diffuse at lateral edges, reddish-brown to ochraceous, yellowbrown dorsolaterally. Sternites olive green to pale brown, depending on state of preservation of the specimen. Genitalia. Pygofer, including dorsal beak, olive-green to brown; upper lobes prominent, with apices graduating to a broad point; basal lobes present and bulbous, with apices broadly rounded. Uncus pale brown, in lateral view extended with apex rounded; lobes in ventral view small, medial lobe small, ovoid; claspers prominent with posterior section dark and outwardly curved, with apices broadly rounded ventrally and blunt laterally. Aedeagus with pseudoparameres extending well beyond theca; endotheca fleshy; ventral support not extending to the same extent as endotheca. Female (Plate 2 B). Markings and coloration identical to male. Abdominal segment 9 olive-green to brown, with a prominent midline, reddish-brown to ochraceous medially, yellow-brown on lateral margins; ovipositor sheath extends approximately 3 mm beyond termination of this segment. Measurements. N = 10 ♂ 7 ♀. Means and ranges (in parentheses), mm; BL: ♂ 14.39 (10.2 – 16.9), ♀ 21.47 (20.0 – 23.5); FWL: ♂ 20.17 (18.3 – 21.5), ♀ 22.11 (21.0 – 23.7); FWW: ♂ 6.4 (5.8 – 7.3), ♀ 6.8 (6.2 – 7.4); HW: ♂ 5.47 (5.2 – 5.8), ♀ 5.69 (5.4 – 6.5); PW: ♂ 4.83 (4.5 – 5.3), ♀ 5.17 (4.8 – 5.7); AW: ♂ 5.18 (4.7 – 5.7), ♀ 4.86 (4.4 – 5.3). Distinguishing features. Ewartia etesia n. sp. has a conspicuous, brown stripe medially along the dorsum, which extends from the proximal edge of the pronotum posteriorly to the apex of the abdomen. This feature distinguishes it readily from E. brevis, E. carina n. sp. and E. cuensis, although a similar stripe is present in E. lapidosa n. sp., E. oldfieldi, E. roberti n. sp. and E. thamna n. sp. (see Fig. 2). Notably, however, in E. thamna n. sp., the stripe is present only along the posterior half of the mesonotum and is effectively absent from the pronotum. In most cases, males of E. etesia n. sp. can be distinguished from the superficially similar E. oldfieldi, E. roberti n. sp. and E. lapidosa n. sp. by their narrow head widths (ź 5.8 mm), although there are exceptions in E. roberti n. sp. and E. lapidosa n. sp. with head widths as narrow as 5.3 mm, which overlap with E. etesia n. sp. In these cases, it is helpful to note the non-overlapping geographical distributions of the these species (E. oldfieldi, E. roberti n. sp. and E. lapidosa n. sp. in eastern Australia and E. etesia n. sp. restricted to the Top End of the Northern Territory). In addition, the female ovipositor of E. etesia n. sp. is conspicuously longer than any other species in the genus, extending approximately 3 mm beyond the apex of abdominal segment 9 (c. f. <2.0 – 2.5 mm in E. oldfieldi and <1 mm in all other species).	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5440FF95FF1CFA37FE776BA4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Ewartia etesia n. sp. is restricted to the Top End of the Northern Territory, with the exception of a single record from El Questro Station, in the Kimberley region of north-east Western Australia. In the Top End it has been found from Litchfield National Park east to Maningrida and south to the Mataranka district (Fig. 25). Populations occur in association with wattles, including Acacia lamprocarpa and A. latescens. Adults have been collected between October and February. Calling song. The complex calling song mode of E. etesia n. sp. (Figs 26, 27) contains repeated, short subphrases (0.45 – 0.67 s duration; all statistics n = 16). Each subphrase is composed of a brief syllable sequence (0.360 – 0.460 s duration) in which the gaps between syllables (initially 0.034 – 0.061 s duration) sequentially reduce until the syllables (each 9 – 12 ms duration) coalesce into a macrosyllable (4 – 9 syllables, 0.038 – 0.093 s duration) or an echeme (0.101 – 0.161 s duration). The placement of the accentuation in this species is subtle. It occurs at the end of some subphrases after the macrosyllable or echeme in the form of a series of 1 – 3 discrete syllables, each followed by a gap (0.061 – 0.083 s duration) (e. g. Fig. 27). This calling song mode is typically produced at intervals throughout the day. The transition between calling song modes in this species may be unusually protracted, whereby the complex calling song suddenly becomes disjointed. This is due to the following: (1) the syllable sequence preceding each echeme is truncated into 1 – 3 syllables, (2) the macrosyllables stop being produced, and (3) a series of 3 – 4 discrete syllables (some of these may be double syllables) produced following each echeme. The song then undergoes further reduction of syllables surrounding the echeme and morphs into the simple calling song. In some cases, this transition may be so gradual that it is hard to detect definitively. Once fully formed, however, the simple calling song mode of this species is, nevertheless, quite distinct from the complex mode. The simple mode (Fig. 28) contains monotonously repeated phrases (0.54 – 0.62 s duration). Each phrase is composed of 1 – 3 syllables (each 0.009 – 0.012 s duration), each separated by gaps of successively reducing duration (each 0.005 – 0.024 s), which is then followed by an echeme (0.143 – 0.261 s duration). Sometimes the echeme is followed by a gap (0.014 – 0.081 s duration) and then another 1 – 4 syllables and / or macrosyllables (each 0.009 – 0.030 s duration; intervening gaps 0.007 – 0.085 s duration). A final gap (0.116 – 0.296 s duration) completes the phrase. This calling song mode predominates at dusk and is also occasionally produced during the day. As per other species in the Ewartia oldfieldi species complex, in E. etesia n. sp. the calling song frequency spectra do not change between song modes. In each mode the calling song typically has a highest amplitude frequency plateau between 10.0 and 15.7 kHz, with a dominant frequency between 11.8 and 13.6 kHz (mean = 12.6, n = 13; Figs 29 A, 29 B).	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5479FF98FF1CFA9AFE576CC4.taxon	description	Types. Holotype: ♂ [typed] ‘ Australia NT’ / ‘ AU. NT. MTE 76 km E of Mataranka’ / ‘ 14 ° 54.888 ’ S 133 ° 42.780 ’ E’ / ‘ 77 m 3 Feb. 2006 ’ / ‘ Hill, Marshall, Moulds’ (NTM); Paratypes: ♀ same data as holotype (NTM); 1 ♂ 1 ♀ same data as holotype (QM); 2 ♂ same data as holotype (AE); 2 ♂ same data as holotype (LWP); 21 ♂ 2 ♀ same data as holotype (MSM).	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5479FF98FF1CFA9AFE576CC4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Latinised from the Greek word thamnos, meaning shrub. The name reflects the occurrence of the species in low, shrubby habitats.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5479FF98FF1CFA9AFE576CC4.taxon	description	Description. Male (Plate 2 C; Figs 2 E, 8 E, 24 B). Head (including eyes) approximately as wide as mesonotum; ventral surface mainly pale green to pale yellowbrown; postclypeus and anteclypeus green to pale brown; rostrum pale brown anteriorly, becoming dark brown towards apex; dorsal surface entirely pale green to yellow-brown; ocelli pink; with scattered silver pubescence throughout and long silver pubescence behind eyes. Eyes faded to brown in preserved specimens. Antennae dark brown. Thorax with scattered silver short pubescence. Pronotum pale green to yellow-brown throughout; pronotal collar mainly green to pale green, yellow-brown medially. Mesonotum pale green to pale brown, with a narrow brown midline extending posteriorly from between the submedian sigilla to the posterior margin; submedian and lateral sigilla yellow-brown, subtle; cruciform elevation brown; wing grooves and metanotum yellow-brown, with silver long pubescence. Legs with coxae and femora pale green to pale yellow-brown; tibiae pale green to pale yellow-brown; tarsi pale brown becoming darker towards apex of claws. Wings with fore wing costal veins pale green to pale yellow-brown; pterostigma pale brown to brown; basal membranes orange; veins CuA, CuP and M green to pale brown; other veins brown; with eight apical cells. Hind wing veins pale brown or pale green, becoming darker on the posterior side of the apical cells; plaga surrounded by white and pale brown coloration anteriorly, otherwise transparent; with six apical cells. Opercula broadly rounded, pale green to pale brown, with plates relatively flat. Timbals with five long ribs; short (intercalary) ribs present between each long rib. Long ribs 1 – 3 attached to basal spur. Long rib 4 comparatively shorter. Long rib 5 narrow and short. All ribs sclerotised, pale and of very low contrast against timbal membrane. Abdomen. Tergites mainly pale green to olive-brown, often yellow-brown along lateral posterior margins; darker midline coloration> 1 mm wide, approximately as wide as midline on mesonotum, brown, tending yellowbrown dorsolaterally. Sternites pale green to yellow-brown. Genitalia. Pygofer, including dorsal beak, pale green to yellow-brown; upper lobes prominent, with apices rounded; basal lobes in lateral and ventral views broadly rounded. Uncus pale brown, in lateral view extended with apex rounded; claspers prominent with posterior section dark and outwardly curved, with apices broadly rounded ventrally. Aedeagus with pseudoparameres extending well beyond theca; endotheca fleshy; ventral support not extending to the same extent as endotheca. Female (Plate 2 D). Markings and coloration identical to male. Abdominal segment 9 green to olive-brown, with a brown midline; ovipositor sheath extends <0.5 mm beyond termination of this segment. Measurements. N = 10 ♂ 2 ♀. Means and ranges (in parentheses), mm; BL ♂ 13.9 (12.7 – 14.8), ♀ 16.9 (16.4 – 17.3); FWL: ♂ 17.5 (16.1 – 19.1), ♀ 19.6 (19.0 – 20.1); FWW: ♂ 5.9 (5.5 – 6.6), ♀ 6.7 (6.6 – 6.8); HW: ♂ 4.1 (3.7 – 4.4), ♀ 4.4 (4.3 – 4.5); PW: ♂ 4.1 (3.7 – 4.5), ♀ 4.4 (3.9 – 4.8); AW: ♂ 4.5 (4.0 – 4.7), ♀ 4.2 (3.8 – 4.5). Distinguishing features. Ewartia thamna n. sp. is distinctive in appearance relative to other species in the genus. It is a relatively uniform green to yellow-brown cicada, with a narrow, brown, dorsal stripe, which extends medially posteriorly from the centre of the mesonotum to the apex of the abdomen (Fig. 2 E). In overall appearance, it is most similar to E. cuensis, which lacks the dorsal stripe entirely. It can also be distinguished readily from the remaining species in the genus by its narrow head width (3.5 – 4.5 mm; c. f.> 5.0 mm for E. brevis, E. carina n. sp., E. etesia n. sp., E. lapidosa n. sp., E. oldfieldi and E. roberti n. sp.).	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5479FF98FF1CFA9AFE576CC4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Ewartia thamna n. sp. is described from a single locality at the southern edge of the Top End of the Northern Territory, some 76 km east of Mataranka (Fig. 25). Adults were found in low bushes and in grass in dry open shrubland on weathered sediments. Specimens have been collected in early February. The distribution of E. thamna n. sp. overlaps with E. etesia n. sp. and both species have been collected at the same site (the type locality of E. thamna n. sp.). Calling song. The only available recordings of E. thamna n. sp. made by David Marshall and Kathy Hill (n = 5) do not appear to contain a definitive simple calling song mode. Due to this limitation, only the complex calling song mode is described here. This calling song mode (Fig. 30) contains a sequence of 5 – 12 syllables (each 0.010 – 0.012 s duration) or short macrosyllables (each comprising 2 syllables, 0.021 – 0.027 s duration), each separated by a gap of 0.033 – 0.144 s duration. This is followed by a shorter sequence of 3 – 5 of the short macrosyllables separated by a shorter gap of 0.008 – 0.044 s duration. The subphrase then either concludes with a gap of 0.051 – 0.114 s duration or proceeds rapidly to the accentuation. The accentuation comprises a single long macrosyllable or short echeme (0.052 – 0.127 s duration) followed by a gap of 0.063 – 0.168 s duration. Some interruptions are apparent in a few passages of successive subphrases that do not contain the accentuation, which may indicate a potential transition to a simple calling song component. These interruptions are formed by an atypically large gap of up to 0.327 s, typically occurring after the third syllable in the initial syllable sequence of each subphrase. The calling song exhibits no apparent change in frequency spectra between song modes. In each mode the calling song typically has a highest amplitude frequency plateau between 12.0 and 19.1 kHz, with a dominant frequency between 15.7 and 16.3 kHz (mean = 16, n = 3; e. g. Fig. 29 C). As a consequence, the call is higher pitched than other examples in the Ewartia oldfieldi species complex. This includes E. etesia n. sp., which has been found at the same location as E. thamna n. sp. (Fig. 25), and produces a calling song with a similar temporal structure (cf. Figs 26, 27 with Fig. 30).	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5477FF9BFF1CF99EFE9D6E90.taxon	description	Types. Holotype: ♂ [typed] ‘ Australia: QLD AU. QL. MCW’ / ‘ McIlwraith Rg, NE of Coen’ / ‘ 13 ° 43.247 ’ S 143 ° 19.458 ’ E’ / ‘ 508 m 7. Jan. 2007 ’ / ‘ K. Hill, D. Marshall, M. Moulds’ / ‘ QM Reg. No. T 207357 ’ (QM); Paratypes: 1 ♀ Leo Ck track, approx. 300 m, McIlwraith Rg, N. Qld, 10. i. 1990, M. S. & B. J. Moulds (QM); 12 ♂ 2 ♀ same data as holotype; 1 ♂ Australia, Queensland, AU. QL. MID. 04, MIlwraith Rg, NE of Coen, 13 ° 42.677 ’ S, 143 ° 18.696 ’ E, 7. i. 2007, K. Hill, D. Marshall, M. Moulds; 1 ♀ same data as previous, AU. QL. MID. 05; 4 ♂ 4 ♀ Leo Ck track, approx. 300 m, McIlwraith Rg, N. Qld, 10 – 11. i. 1990, M. S. & B. J. Moulds; 14 ♂ 2 ♀ McIlwraith Ra., Leo Creek track, 300 m, NE of Coen, N. Qld, 7. i. 1988, M. S. & B. J. Moulds (MSM); 1 ♂ 1 ♀ same data as previous; 1 ♂ same data as holotype (LWP); 1 ♂ McIlwraith Ra., Leo Creek track, 300 m, NE of Coen, N. Qld, 7. i. 1988, M. S. & B. J. Moulds; 1 ♂ Leo Ck track, approx. 300 m, McIlwraith Rg, N. Qld, 10. i. 1990, M. S. & B. J. Moulds (AE). Additional song recording localities: Australia, Queensland, 07. AU. QL. HUT, Cook’s Hut, Iron Range, ~ 4.3 km N of main road JCT, 12.7114 ° S 143.291 ° E, 9. i. 2007, Hill & Marshall; Australia, Queensland, 07. AU. QL. MWR, ~ 31 km E of Peninsula Development Rd on road into McIlwraith Range, 13.7144 ° S, 143.319 ° E, 8. i. 2007, Hill & Marshall (SL).	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5477FF9BFF1CF99EFE9D6E90.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Latin carinus, meaning “ nut-brown ”, which refers to the distinctive, yet unusual colour of this species within the genus Ewartia.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5477FF9BFF1CF99EFE9D6E90.taxon	description	Description. Male (Plate 2 E; Figs 2 F, 8 F, 24 C). Head (including eyes) wider than mesonotum; ventral surface mostly black to brown; postclypeus brown, paler along interior of tranverse grooves, black centrally with a brown to dark brown medial line; genae black; mandibular plates brown to light brown with long silver pubescence; anteclypeus black, brown along medial line; rostrum brown anteriorly, dark brown to black apically; dorsal surface brown with a prominent black band extending broadly between the eyes and surrounding the ocelli and vertices; supra-antennal plate tending olivebrown; ocelli pink; with scattered silver pubescence throughout and long silver pubescence behind eyes. Eyes faded to dark brown in preserved specimens. Antennae black proximally, paler brown distally. Thorax with scattered silver short pubescence. Pronotum brown, darker along paramedian and lateral fissures; midline brown with two dark brown to black wedge-shaped markings on either side of the anteriolateral margins; pronotal collar olive-green to brown. Mesonotum mainly brown, tending reddish-brown centrally; submedian and lateral sigilla black; scutal depressions black; cruciform elevation brown medially with two black spots anteriorly, pale brown along lateral ridges; wing grooves and metanotum brown, with silver long pubescence. Legs mostly brown. Coxae brown; fore femora brown with prominent dark brown spines and dark brown bands on inner and outer sides; mid and hind femora brown with dark brown bands on inner and outer sides; fore and mid tibiae brown to pale brown; hind tibiae pale brown; tarsi pale brown becoming darker brown towards apex of claws. Wings with fore wing costal veins green to pale brown; pterostigma brown; basal membranes orange-brown; veins CuA, CuP and M green to pale brown; other veins brown to dark brown; with eight apical cells. Hind wing veins pale brown or green, becoming darker on the posterior side of the apical cells; plaga surrounded by white to pink coloration anteriorly, otherwise transparent; with six apical cells. Opercula broadly rounded, pale brown, with plates relatively flat. Timbals with five long ribs; intercalary ribs present between all long ribs. Long ribs 1 – 3 attached to basal spur. Long rib 5 comparatively shorter. All ribs sclerotised, brown and well contrasted against timbal membrane. Abdomen. Tergites reddish-brown, black anteriorly, with scattered silver pubescence. Sternites brown to reddish-brown, with broad dark brown bands along midline, each widening posteriorly; with scattered silver pubescence. Genitalia. Pygofer dark brown to brown; dorsal beak dark brown to black; upper lobes prominent, with apices graduating to a defined point; basal lobes in lateral view subtly expressed with gradual rounded curvature, in ventral view relatively long and linear, broadly affixed to surrounding pygofer. Uncus brown, in lateral view extended and “ duck beak ” - like; claspers prominent, apices in ventral view broadly rounded. Aedeagus with pseudoparameres extending well beyond theca; endotheca fleshy; ventral support not extending to the same extent as endotheca. Female. Markings and coloration identical to male. Abdominal segment 9 brown, with a broad, dark brown midline, extending dorsolaterally along anterior margin; ovipositor sheath extends 0.7 – 1.6 mm beyond termination of this segment. Measurements. N = 10 ♂ 6 ♀. Means and ranges (in parentheses), mm; BL: ♂ 15.4 (14.1 – 16.5), ♀ 20.1 (18.9 – 20.9); FWL: ♂ 20.9 (19.6 – 21.7), ♀ 24.2 (23.6 – 25.0); FWW: ♂ 6.6 (6.0 – 7.0), ♀ 7.7 (7.4 – 8.0); HW: ♂ 5.3 (4.9 – 5.6), ♀ 6.2 (5.9 – 6.6); PW: ♂ 4.8 (4.5 – 5.1), ♀ 5.7 (5.4 – 6.1); AW: ♂ 4.8 (4.5 – 5.1), ♀ 5.5 (5.1 – 5.7). Distinguishing features. This species is unusual within the genus Ewartia in that it lacks the brown median dorsal stripe present in most other species (Fig. 2 F; c. f. Figs 2 A – E). The lack of this feature distinguishes it from E. etesia n. sp., E. lapidosa n. sp., E. oldfieldi n. sp., E. roberti n. sp. and E. thamna n. sp. In addition, E. carina n. sp. can be distinguished from E. cuensis by being mainly varied brown to dark brown, rather than uniformly green to yellow-brown. It can be distinguished from E. brevis most readily by the uniform brown colour of the pronotum. In contrast, E. brevis has a pale yellow-brown midline on the pronotum, which is bordered with black.	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
EF5C070C5477FF9BFF1CF99EFE9D6E90.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Ewartia carina n. sp. occurs at Iron Range and McIlwraith Range in Cape York Peninsula, far northern Queensland (Fig. 25). Populations have been found in dry rainforest / vine thicket communities. It is not known if this species is associated with wattles (Acacia spp.) like others in the E. oldfieldi species complex. However, it is noted that Acacia polystachya forms a conspicuous component of the dry rainforest community mosaics, which occur on granite and on metamorphics in the McIlwraith Range and Iron Range respectively. It is expected, though not demonstrated, that E. carina n. sp., within its distribution, may be associated with this wattle species. All observations of this cicada have been made during January. The geographical distribution of E. carina n. sp. overlaps only with one other species in the genus: E. brevis. These two species are known to occur in sympatry at the McIlwraith Range. Calling song. Based on a series of recordings made by Kathy Hill and David Marshall (n = 7), the calling song of E. carina n. sp. exhibits the typical complex and simple song modes. The complex calling song mode (Fig. 31) contains repeated subphrases (5.8 – 10.4 s duration). Each subphrase is composed of a series of alternating macrosyllables (each containing 2 – 4 syllables; 0.019 – 0.045 s duration) and syllables (0.009 – 0.015 s duration), each separated by shorts gaps (0.046 – 0.079 s duration). This is followed by a syllable sequence (2.760 – 6.163 s duration) sometimes interspersed with macrosyllables (each containing 2 – 5 syllables; 0.022 – 0.049 s duration), with all (macro) syllables separated by relatively uniform gaps (0.055 – 0.082 s duration). At the conclusion of the syllable sequence, a longer macrosyllable is typically produced (containing 4 – 8 syllables, 0.039 – 0.080 s duration), and this is sometimes also followed by single syllable or a brief syllable sequence (0.050 – 0.099 s duration); a short gap then occurs (0.021 – 0.036 s), followed by a climactic echeme (0.385 – 0.606 s duration). The subphrase then concludes with a brief syllable sequence (0.062 – 0.170 s duration), which may or may not be followed by the accentuation prior to commencement of the next subphrase. The accentuation is presented as a gap (0.095 – 0.172 s duration) followed by a macrosyllable (containing 3 – 4 syllables; 0.028 – 0.062 s duration), which, in turn, is followed by another gap (0.111 – 0.154 s duration). The accentuation appears to be produced at the end of most subphrases. This complex calling song mode is typically produced at intervals throughout the day. The simple calling song mode of this species (Fig. 32) contains monotonously repeated short echemes or macrosyllables (0.080 – 0.172 s duration), each separated by a brief gap (0.036 – 0.095 s duration). The simple calling song mode predominates at dusk, but is also produced during the day. There is no apparent change in frequency spectra between song modes in the calling song. It has a highest amplitude frequency plateau between 11.3 and 17.2 kHz, with a dominant frequency of approximately 14.2 kHz (n = 2; e. g. Fig. 29 D).	en	Popple, Lindsay W. (2017): A revision of the Ewartia oldfieldi (Distant) species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) with five new species from eastern and northern Australia. Zootaxa 4263 (3): 401-449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4263.3.1
