identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
E6138786FF80FFA5B9F26F97850BFEA2.text	E6138786FF80FFA5B9F26F97850BFEA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira flavidorsalis (Yaginuma 1964)	<div><p>Taira flavidorsalis species - group</p> <p>Diagnosis. The T. flavidorsalis species-group can be distinguished from the T. qiuae species - group by the following characters: dorsal tibial apophysis of the male palp with obvious branches in the T. flavidoralis species-group, whereas dorsal tibial apophysis with some small teeth-like apophyses, but not bifurcated in the T. qiuae species - group; male palp with a single or degenerated retrolateral tibial apophysis in the T. flaviodoralis species-group, whereas male palp with two retrolateral tibial apophyses in the T. qiuae species - group; male conductor membranous in the T. flaviodoralis species-group, whereas male conductor with additional and highly sclerotized apophyses in the T. qiuae species - group; male tegular apophysis originating from the area between the base of conductor and embolus (located at the top of tegulum) in the T. flaviodoralis species-group, whereas covering most of embolus in ventral view in the T. qiuae species - group (Figs 3C–E, 4C–E); female epigynal median lobe with distinct margin in the T. flaviodoralis species-group, whereas with indistinct margin in the T. qiuae species - group; female spermathecae rounded in the T. flaviodoralis species-group, whereas longer than wide in the T. qiuae species - group; female fertilization duct short in the T. flaviodoralis species-group (Figs 2B, C, 3F, G, 4F, G), whereas very long in the T. qiuae species - group.</p> <p>Composition and distribution. A total of fourteen species have been included in this species-group (Fig. 24): Taira borneoensis sp. nov. (♀) from Borneo (Sabah of East Malaysia); Taira flavidorsalis (Yaginuma, 1964) (♀) from China and Japan; and the remaining 12 species, Taira cangshan Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song, 2008 (♂ ♀), Taira concava Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song, 2008 (♂ ♀), Taira decorata (Yin &amp; Bao, 2001) (♂ ♀), Taira gyaisiensis sp. nov. (♀), Taira latilabiata Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song, 2008 (♂ ♀), Taira liboensis Zhu, Chen &amp; Zhang, 2004 (♂ ♀), Taira nyagqukaensis sp. nov. (♀), Taira obtusa Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song, 2008 (♂ ♀), Taira sulciformis Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song, 2008 (♂ ♀), Taira wanzhouensis sp. nov. (♂ ♀), Taira xuanenensis sp. nov. (♂) and Taira yangi sp. nov. (♂ ♀), from South China.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF80FFA5B9F26F97850BFEA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF80FFA6B9F268CC831FFA88.text	E6138786FF80FFA6B9F268CC831FFA88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira Lehtinen 1967	<div><p>Genus Taira Lehtinen, 1967</p> <p>Taira Lehtinen, 1967: 266; Zhang et al. 2008: 502; Wang et al. 2010: 61; Zhu et al. 2017: 573.</p> <p>Type species. Amaurobius flavidorsalis Yaginuma, 1964, by original designation and monotypy.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The genus Taira most closely resembles Amaurobius C.L. Koch, 1837 in having a similar median apophysis on the bulb of the male palp; retrolateral and branched dorsal apophyses on the tibia of the male palp; and the presence of teeth and a wide median lobe in the same position as the copulatory ducts in the epigyne. Taira, however, differs from Amaurobius by the following characters: tegular apophysis protruding distally in Taira, whereas arising basally in Amaurobius; retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) slightly protruding in Taira, whereas strongly protruding in Amaurobius; exterior branch of the dorsal tibial apophysis (eDTA) shorter than the interior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis (iDTA) in males of Taira, whereas eDTA longer than iDTA in Amaurobius males (Figs 3C–E, 25C–E); epigynal teeth wide in Taira females, whereas narrow in Amaurobius females; fertilization ducts retrolaterally curved in Taira females, whereas prolaterally curved in Amaurobius females (Figs 3F, G, 25F, G).</p> <p>Distribution. China, Japan and East Malaysia (Borneo) (Figs 24, 28).</p> <p>Composition and species groups division. Seventeen species are currently assigned into two species groups: the T. flavidorsalis species - group and the T. qiuae species - group.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF80FFA6B9F268CC831FFA88	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF83FFA4B9F26B818453FCFE.text	E6138786FF83FFA4B9F26B818453FCFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira borneoensis Zhao & Wang & Irfan & Zhang 2021	<div><p>Taira borneoensis sp. nov.</p> <p>Figures 1, 2, 24</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-12-01), MALAYSIA (Borneo), Sabah, 33 Miles Jalan Tambunan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.34203&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.812317" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.34203/lat 5.812317)">Penampang</a>, 05°48.739′N 116°20.522′E, 1583 m, 15.X.2015, Z.Z. Gao, G.Q. Huang and L.Y. Wang. Paratypes: 29 ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-12-02~30), with same data as holotype.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality; adjective in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The female of the new species can be differentiated from all other species in the T. flavidorsalis species - group by the following combination of characters: a pair of cambered eigynal teeth close together in T. borneoensis sp. nov. (Figs 1A, 2B), whereas rounded halfway and far apart from each other in other species (e.g., T. cangshan in Fig. 3F); copulatory opening located anteriorly in T. borneoensis sp. nov., whereas copulatory duct located in other species; ventro-mesal median lobe with a posterior epigynal hood in T. borneoensis sp. nov., whereas epigynal hood within median lobe in other Taira species; spermathecae tortuous in T. borneoensis sp. nov. (Figs 1B, 2C), whereas simple in other species of this group.</p> <p>Description. Female. Total length 8.09–11.64. Holotype (Fig. 2A) total length 8.00. Carapace 3.26 long, 2.51 wide; opisthosoma 5.09 long, 3.91 wide. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.17, ALE 0.20, PME 0.19, PLE 0.20; AME–AME 0.13, AME–ALE 0.14, PME–PME 0.22, PME–PLE 0.25, ALE–PLE 0.04. MOA 0.57 long, front width 0.45, back width 0.62. Clypeus height 0.17. Chelicerae with 5 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 9.53 (2.74, 3.46, 2.16, 1.17); II 7.79 (2.45, 2.69, 1.70, 0.95); III 6.69 (2.16, 2.26, 1.39, 0.88); IV 8.21 (2.55, 2.93, 1.78, 0.95).</p> <p>Epigyne (Figs 1A, B, 2B, C) with a pair of cambered epigynal teeth located close to each other. Ventro-mesal median lobe with epigynal hood situated posteriorly. Copulatory opening located anteriorly. Copulatory ducts short, merging with spermathecae. Spermathecae tortuous and compact. Fertilization ducts short, located posteriorly.</p> <p>Male unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Sabah, Malaysia (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF83FFA4B9F26B818453FCFE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF82FFA4B9F269BD82F8F9E5.text	E6138786FF82FFA4B9F269BD82F8F9E5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira cangshan Zhang, Zhu & Song 2008	<div><p>Taira cangshan Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song, 2008</p> <p>Figures 3, 24</p> <p>Taira cangshan Zhang et al., 2008: 505, figs 12–16 (♂ ♀); Wang et al. 2010: 64, figs 11–17 (♀); Zhu et al. 2017: 575, figs 8E–F, 11C, 375A–E (♂ ♀).</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♂ (SWUC-T-AM-03-01), CHINA: Yunnan: Dali City, Mt. Cangshan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.13018&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.67835" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.13018/lat 25.67835)">Yudailu</a>, 25°40.701′N 100°07.811′E, 2559 m, 1.I.2004, Z.Z. Yang; 2 ♀ paratypes (SWUC-T-AM-03-02~03), Yudailu, 24.X.2004, H.B. Pu and Z.Z. Yang, examined.</p> <p>Material examined. 1 ♂ and 4 ♀, from the type locality (Yudailu of Mt. Cangshan), 24.V.2018, L.Y. Wang (SWUC).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species resembles T. liboensis by having a similar, membranous tegular apophysis and a hooklike median apophysis in the male palp (Figs 3C–E), and an elongated median lobe and rounded spermathecae in the epigyne (Figs 3F, G). T. cangshan, however, can be distinguished from T. liboensis by the following characters: dorsal tibial apophysis sawtooth-shaped in T. cangshan (Figs 3A, E), whereas bifurcated in T. liboensis; retrolateral tibial apophysis small in T. cangshan, whereas degenerated in T. liboensis; and spermathecae situated dorso-anteriorly in T. cangshan (Fig. 3G), whereas situated dorso-mesally in T. liboensis.</p> <p>Description. See Zhang et al. (2008). Habitus, male palp and epigyne (Fig. 3).</p> <p>Distribution. China (Yunnan) (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF82FFA4B9F269BD82F8F9E5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF82FFA3B9F26C4282FCFE4E.text	E6138786FF82FFA3B9F26C4282FCFE4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira concava Zhang, Zhu & Song 2008	<div><p>Taira concava Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song, 2008</p> <p>Figures 4, 24</p> <p>Taira concava Zhang et al., 2008: 506, figs 17–21 (♂ ♀); Zhu et al. 2017: 577, figs 376A–E (♂ ♀).</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♂ (SWUC-T-AM-04-01), 1 ♀ paratype (SWUC-T-AM-04-02), CHINA, Sichuan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.34717&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.558434" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.34717/lat 29.558434)">Mt. Emei</a>, 29°33.506′N 103°20.830′E, 1811 m, 16.IX.2004, Z.S. Zhang, examined.</p> <p>Material examined. 4 ♂ and 5 ♀ (SWUC), Mt. Emei, Jiulinggang, 13.IV.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and Z.S. Wu.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Males of this species resemble T. sulciformis males by having a groove present on the interior branch of the dorsal tibial apophysis and a similar sclerotized tegular apophysis in the palp (Figs 4C–E), and females resemble T. sulciformis females by having oval spermathecae in the epigyne (Figs 4F, G). T. concava, however, can be distinguished from T. sulciformis by the following characters: interior branch of the dorsal tibial apophysis narrower in T. concava (Figs 4C, E) than in T. sulciformis; retrolateral tibial apophysis with a blunt end in T. concava, whereas degenerated in T. sulciformis; median lobe of epigyne wider than long in T. concava (Fig. 4F), whereas longer than wide in T. sulciformis.</p> <p>Description. See Zhang et al. (2008). Habitus, male palp and epigyne (Fig. 4).</p> <p>Distribution. China (Sichuan) (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF82FFA3B9F26C4282FCFE4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF84FFA0B9F26CDA83C6FE32.text	E6138786FF84FFA0B9F26CDA83C6FE32.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira decorata (Yin & Bao 2001)	<div><p>Taira decorata (Yin &amp; Bao, 2001)</p> <p>Figures 5, 24</p> <p>Titanoeca decorata Yin &amp; Bao, 2001: 60, figs 2a–e (♀); Yin et al. 2012: 1039, figs 540a–e (♀).</p> <p>Taira decorata: Zhang et al., 2008: 507, figs 22–26 (♂ ♀); Zhu et al. 2017: 578, figs 377A–E (♂ ♀).</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♀, CHINA, Hunan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.833336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.983334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.833336/lat 24.983334)">Mt. Mangshan</a>, Yizhang County, 24°59′N 112°50′E, 500 m, 18.V.1999, J.H. Yang, deposited in HNNU, examined.</p> <p>Material examined. Fujian: 3 ♀, Nanping City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.68515&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.7359" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.68515/lat 27.7359)">Mt. Wuyi</a>, 27°44.154′N 117°41.109′E, 685 m, 10.VII.1986, M.S. Zhu (SWUC); 1 ♂ and 3 ♀, Nanping City, Mt. Wuyi, Moshikeng, 20.V.2004, F. Zhang (SWUC); 6 ♀, Nanping City, Mt. Wuyi, Guadun, 27°73.983′N 117°63.491′E, 1273 m, 23.V.2004, F. Zhang (SWUC); 1 ♂ and 5 ♀, Nanping City, Mt. Wuyi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.68515&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.7359" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.68515/lat 27.7359)">Guadun</a> to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.68515&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.7359" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.68515/lat 27.7359)">Tongmu</a>, 27°44.154′N 117°41.109′E, 685 m, 24.V.2004, F. Zhang (SWUC); 1 ♀, Nan- ping City, Mt. Wuyi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.9678&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.645884" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.9678/lat 27.645884)">Dawangfeng</a>, 27°38.753′N 117°58.068′E, 423 m, 1.VIII.2010, F. Zhang (SWUC); Guangxi: 1 ♂, Guilin City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.43467&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.891184" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.43467/lat 25.891184)">Maoer Mountain Nature Reserve</a>, 25°53.471′N 110°26.080′E, 1964 m, 3.VI.2011, Y.Q. Peng and Y.N. Wang (SWUC).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species most closely resembles T. flavidorsalis by having a sulciform interior branch of the dorsal tibial apophysis in the male palp (Figs 5C–E) and reniform spermathecae in the epigyne (Figs 5F, G). T. decorata, however, can be distinguished from T. flavidoralis by the following characters: sulciform interior branch of the dorsal tibial apophysis narrow in T. decorata (Figs 5C, E), whereas finger-shaped in T. flavidorsalis; embolus slightly bifurcated distally in T. decorata, whereas not bifurcated in T. flavidorsalis; tegular apophysis longer than wide and with blunt end in prolateral view in T. decorata, whereas, wider than long and with a sharp end in T. flavidorsalis; anterior margin of the median lobe of the epigyne rounded in T. decorata (Fig. 5F), whereas an inverted, triangular-shape in T. flavidorsalis.</p> <p>Description. See Zhang et al. (2008). Habitus, male palp and epigyne (Fig. 5).</p> <p>Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangxi, Hunan, Zhejiang) (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF84FFA0B9F26CDA83C6FE32	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF86FFA0B9F2687183A8F830.text	E6138786FF86FFA0B9F2687183A8F830.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira flavidorsalis (Yaginuma 1964)	<div><p>Taira flavidorsalis (Yaginuma, 1964)</p> <p>Figures 6, 24</p> <p>Amaurobius flavidorsalis Yaginuma, 1964: 20, figs 1–5 (♂ ♀); Yaginuma 1971: 128, figs 107.1–3 (♂ ♀); Yaginuma 1986: 9, figs 7.3 (♂ ♀); Chikuni 1989: 21, fig. 1 (♂ ♀).</p> <p>Taira flavidorsalis: Lehtinen, 1967: 266, figs 204, 207 (♂ ♀); Wang &amp; Ran 2004: 31, figs 5–6 (♀); Zhang et al. 2008: 504, figs 6–11 (♂ ♀); Okumura et al. 2009: 131, figs 7–9 (♂ ♀).</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♂, JAPAN: Hiroshima prefecture, Mt. Azuma, 35°00′N 133°00′E, 621 m, 15.VIII.1963, Y. Morinaga; 1 ♀ paratype, Tottori prefecture, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=133.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.2" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 133.35/lat 35.2)">Mt. Daisen</a>, 35°12′N 133°21′E, 366 m, VII.1937, M. Tanaka; depos- ited in CASJ, examined.</p> <p>Material examined. CHINA: Anhui: 14 ♀, Yuexi County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.08168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.98345" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.08168/lat 30.98345)">Yaoluoping Nature Reserve</a>, 30°59.007′N 116°04.901′E, 1005 m, 31.V.2018, L.Y. Wang (SWUC); 15 ♀, Yaoluoping Nature Reserve, 21–22.VII.2007, Z.S. Zhang (SWUC).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species resembles T. concava by having a sulciform interior branch of the dorsal tibial apophysis in the male palp (figs 9–11 in Zhang et al. 2008) and by having similar reniform spermathecae in the female epigyne (Figs 6B–E). T. flavidoralis, however, can be distinguished from T. concava by the following: tegular apophysis rectangular with a sharp end in prolateral view in T. flavidoralis, whereas tongue-shaped with blunt end in T. concava; anterior margin of the epigynal median lobe inverted triangular-shaped in T. flavidoralis (Figs 6B, D), whereas rounded in T. decorata.</p> <p>Description. See Zhang et al. (2008). Female habitus and epigyne (Fig. 6).</p> <p>Distribution. Japan (Hiroshima, Tottori) and China (Anhui) (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF86FFA0B9F2687183A8F830	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF89FFAEB9F26AA18461FE33.text	E6138786FF89FFAEB9F26AA18461FE33.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira gyaisiensis Zhao & Wang & Irfan & Zhang 2021	<div><p>Taira gyaisiensis sp. nov.</p> <p>Figures 7, 8, 24</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-13-01), CHINA, Sichuan, Gyaisi (Jiulong) County, 29°00.323′N 101°30.324′E, 2899 m, 1.VI.2019, L.Y. Wang, T. Yuan and P. Liu. Paratypes: 3 ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-13-02~04), with same data as holotype.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality, adjective in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species differs from all other Taira species by the following characters: epigynal teeth large and earlobe-shaped, covering most of the lateral portion of epigynal median lobe (Figs 7A, 8B); and distance between two spermathecae less than the diameter of the spermathecae (Figs 7B, 8C).</p> <p>Description. Female. Total length 8.82–9.61. Holotype (Fig. 8A) total length 8.92. Carapace 4.44 long, 3.08 wide; opisthosoma 5.18 long, 3.87 wide. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.14, ALE 0.20, PME 0.15, PLE 0.18; AME–AME 0.13, AME–ALE 0.21, PME–PME 0.23, PME–PLE 0.37, ALE–PLE 0.10. MOA 0.67 long, front width 0.42, base width 0.59. Clypeus height 0.22. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 3 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 12.22 (3.53, 4.28, 2.70, 1.71); II 9.56 (2.87, 3.30, 1.95, 1.44); III 8.79 (2.87, 2.85, 1.82, 1.25); IV 10.84 (3.17, 3.75, 2.47, 1.44).</p> <p>Epigyne (Figs 7A, B, 8B, C) with a papiliform median lobe. Epigynal teeth, earlobed-shaped, almost covering lateral portion of median lobe. Spermathecae reniform. Fertilization ducts curved retrolaterally, and far apart from each other.</p> <p>Male unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Sichuan, China (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF89FFAEB9F26AA18461FE33	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF88FFACB9F2687082E7FC1E.text	E6138786FF88FFACB9F2687082E7FC1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira latilabiata Zhang, Zhu & Song 2008	<div><p>Taira latilabiata Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song, 2008</p> <p>Figures 9, 10, 11, 24</p> <p>Taira latilabiata Zhang et al., 2008: 508, figs 27–28 (♀); Zhu et al. 2017: 580, figs 378A–B (♀).</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-05-01) and 6 ♀ paratypes (SWUC-T-AM-05-02~07), CHINA, Guizhou, Weining County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.2057&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.870033" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.2057/lat 26.870033)">Caohai Nature Reserve</a>, 26°52.202′N 104°12.342′E, 2130 m, 2.VII.2005, H.M. Chen, ex- amined.</p> <p>Material examined. Guizhou: 5 ♂ and 4 ♀, Caohai Nature Reserve, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.2057&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.869417" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.2057/lat 26.869417)">Minzu Village</a>, 26°52.165′N 104°12.342′E, 2130 m, 17.V.2017, H.M. Chen, Z.S. Zhang and L.Y. Wang (SWUC); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, Weining County, Xiaohai Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.15867&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.934" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.15867/lat 26.934)">Zhoujiashan</a>, 26°56.04′N 104°09.52′ E, 2201 m, 20.V.2017, H.M. Chen, Z.S. Zhang and L.Y. Wang (SWUC); 4 ♀, Weining County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.111115&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.723333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.111115/lat 26.723333)">Mt. Mabaida</a>, 26°43.400′N 104°06.667′E, 2379 m, 21.VIII.2017, L.Y. Wang, Y.J. Lin and C.Y. Hu (SWUC).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The male of this species can be differentiated from males of all other Taira species by having a hook-shaped median apophysis situated 90° to the tegulum (Figs 9D, E, 10D, E) and a hook-shaped embolus with a sharp pointed end (Figs 9C, 10C). The female of this species most closely resembles T. liboensis by having rounded spermathecae and a strip-shaped epigynal median lobe (Figs 10F, G), but can be distinguished by having the spermathecae separated at a distance more than three times their diameter.</p> <p>Description. Male (firstly described). Total length 6.11–8.62. Male (Fig. 10A) total length 8.59. Carapace 4.30 long, 3.08 wide; opisthosoma 4.24 long, 2.78 wide. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.18, ALE 0.22, PME 0.18, PLE 0.20; AME–AME 0.08, AME–ALE 0.13, PME–PME 0.26, PME–PLE 0.34, ALE–PLE 0.09. MOA 0.67 long, front width 0.44, base width 0.61. Clypeus height 0.23. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 3 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 20.62 (5.45, 7.04, 5.43, 2.70); II 15.10 (4.47, 5.03, 3.63, 1.97); III 12.42 (3.59, 4.11, 3.06, 1.66); IV 15.33 (4.51, 5.17, 3.90, 1.75).</p> <p>Male palp (Figs 9C–E, 10C–E). Retrolateral tibial apophysis absent. Dorsal tibial apophysis inflated, concave, bowl-like; interior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis leaf-shaped with a small process located near base of dorsal tibial apophysis in prolateral view. Exterior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis depressed in prolateral view. Embolus hook-shaped, with sharp pointed end. Median apophysis hook-shaped, situated 90° to tegulum. Tegular apophysis reduced, triangle-shaped.</p> <p>Female (Fig. 10B), description see Zhang et al. (2008). Epigyne (Figs 9A, B, 10F, G, 11A, B).</p> <p>Distribution. China (Guizhou) (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF88FFACB9F2687082E7FC1E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF8AFFAAB9F26E1D836DFE4D.text	E6138786FF8AFFAAB9F26E1D836DFE4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira liboensis Zhu, Chen & Zhang 2004	<div><p>Taira liboensis Zhu, Chen &amp; Zhang, 2004</p> <p>Figures 12, 24</p> <p>Taira liboensis Zhu et al., 2004: 61, figs 1A–F (♂ ♀); Zhu &amp; Song 2008: 509, figs 29–33 (♂ ♀); Zhu et al. 2017: 580, figs 379A–E (♂ ♀).</p> <p>Taira lunaris Wang &amp; Ran, 2004: 31, figs 1–4 (♀). (Synonymized by Zhang et al. 2008: 509).</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-06-01), 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ paratypes (SWUC-T-AM-06-02~03), CHINA, Guizhou, Libo County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.86667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.86667/lat 25.4)">Shuijiang Cave</a>, 25°24′N 107°52′E, 454 m, 8.VII.2001, H.M. Chen, examined.</p> <p>Material examined. Guizhou: 1 ♀, Zhijin County, Chengguan Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.787865&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.67935" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.787865/lat 26.67935)">Yangliu Village</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.787865&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.67935" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.787865/lat 26.67935)">Long Cave</a>, 26°40.761′N 105°47.272′E, 1345 m, 2.X.2019, L.Y. Wang, P. Liu and Y. Zhang (SWUC); 1 ♂, Ziyun County, Houchang Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.22442&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.483534" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.22442/lat 25.483534)">Mazhai Village</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.22442&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.483534" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.22442/lat 25.483534)">Damao Cave</a>, 25°29.012′N 106°13.465′E, 1353 m, 3.X.2019, L.Y. Wang, P. Liu and Y. Zhang (SWUC); 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, Guiyang City, Qianling <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.68722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.601116" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.68722/lat 26.601116)">Mountain Park</a>, 26°36.067′N 106°41.233′E, 1087 m, 24.I.2018, H.M. Chen, R.B. Wu and Y.J. Lin (SWUC); 4 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.68722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.601116" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.68722/lat 26.601116)">Qianling Mountain</a> Park, 26°36.067′N 106°41.233′E, 1087 m, 8.VIII.2007, (SWUC); 1 ♀, Guiding County, Yanxia Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.297&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.386333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.297/lat 26.386333)">Jingang Cave</a>, 26°23.18′N 107°17.82′E, 1142 m, 10.VIII.2007, Z.S. Zhang (SWUC); 1 ♂ and 2 ♀, Yanxia Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.29784&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.391333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.29784/lat 26.391333)">Dayan Cave</a>, 26°23.48′N 107°17.87′E, 1149 m, 9.VIII.2007, Z.S. Zhang (SWUC); 1 ♀, Pan County, Yunihe Township, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.75958&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.045933" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.75958/lat 26.045933)">Zhonghui Village</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.75958&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.045933" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.75958/lat 26.045933)">Gagu River</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.75958&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.045933" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.75958/lat 26.045933)">Shahe Cave</a>, 26°2.756′N 104°45.575′E, 1412 m, 28.VII.2012, D. Wang and X.K. Jiang (SWUC); 3 ♂ and 1 ♀, Guiyang City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.5834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.898733" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.5834/lat 26.898733)">Heshang Cave</a>, 26°53.924′N 106°35.004′E, 1332 m, 13.V.1998, H.M. Chen (SWUC); 1 ♀, Libo County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.86667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.86667/lat 25.4)">Shuijiang Cave</a>, 25°24′N 107°52′E, 454 m, IX.1998, H.M. Chen (SWUC); 1 ♀, Libo County, 25°23.816′N 107°52.239′E, 454 m, 8.VII.2001, H.M. Chen (SWUC); 1 ♂, Nayong County, Yongxi Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.34765&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.81905" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.34765/lat 26.81905)">Xinglong Village</a>, 26°49.143′N 105°20.859′E, 1320 m, (SWUC); 3 ♂, Sinan County, Qinggangpo Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.002884&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.875334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.002884/lat 27.875334)">Houjiapo Village</a>, 27°52.520′N 108° 00.173′E, 978 m, 24.V.2014, X.W. Meng and T. Lu (SWUC); 12 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.6941&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.913584" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.6941/lat 27.913584)">Mt. Fanjing</a>, 27°54.815′N 108°41.646′E, 2222 m, 24.VI.1985, (SWUC); Sichuan: 29 ♂ and 24 ♀, Xingwen County, Shihaidongxiang, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.139885&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.178816" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.139885/lat 28.178816)">Tianquan Cave</a>, 28°10.729′N 105°08.393′E, 747 m, 22.V.2012, L.Y. Wang and M.X. Liu (SWUC); 9 ♂ and 13 ♀, Xingwen County, Shihai Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.15472&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.17665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.15472/lat 28.17665)">Pucao Cave</a>, 28°10.599′N 105°09.283′E, 693 m, 12.IV.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and Z.S. Wu (SWUC); 2 ♂ and 3 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.34585&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.554667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.34585/lat 29.554667)">Mt. Emei</a>, 29°33.280′N 103°20.751′E, 2032 m, 15.V.2012, L.Y. Wang and D. Wang (SWUC); 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.34605&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.5557" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.34605/lat 29.5557)">Mt. Emei</a>, 29°33.342′N 103°20.763′E, 2026 m, 13.IV.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and Z.S. Wu (SWUC); 1 ♀, Mt. Emei, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.38125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.5805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.38125/lat 29.5805)">Qingyinge</a>, 29°34.830′N 103°22.875′E, 1017 m, 19.IX.2010, Y.W. Zhao (SWUC); 1 ♂ and 2 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.34585&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.554667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.34585/lat 29.554667)">Mt. Emei</a>, 29°33.280′N 103°20.751′E, 2032 m, 16.IX.2004, Z.S. Zhang (SWUC); 2 ♀, Mt. Emei, Leidongping to Wan- nian <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.38125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.5805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.38125/lat 29.5805)">Temple</a>, 29°34.830′N 103°22.875′E, 1017 m, 16.IX.2004, Z.S. Zhang (SWUC); 10 ♂, Mt. Emei, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.3606&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.54585" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.3606/lat 29.54585)">Jiulao Cave</a>, 29°32.751′N 103°21.636′E, 1843 m, 25.IX.1975. (SWUC); Chongqing: 1 ♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.35833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.841667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.35833/lat 29.841667)">Mt. Jinyun</a>, 29°50.5′N 106°21.5′E, 248 m, 2.VI.2016, L.Y. Wang and X.K. Jiang (SWUC).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The male of this species resembles T. obtusa males by having a similar embolus and median apophysis (Figs 12C–E), but can be differentiated by the exterior dorsal tibial apophysis bifurcated in retrolateral view in T. liboensis, whereas not bifurcated in T. obtusa; and tegular apophysis triangular-shaped with a pointed end in T. liboensis (Figs 12C, D), whereas almost rounded with a blunt end in T. obtusa. The female can be differentiated from all other Taira species by having reduced epigynal teeth (Figs 12F, G).</p> <p>Description. See Zhang et al. (2008). Habitus, male palp and epigyne (Fig. 12).</p> <p>Distribution. China (Chongqing, Guizhou, Sichuan).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF8AFFAAB9F26E1D836DFE4D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF8FFFA9B9F26AA18461FBD6.text	E6138786FF8FFFA9B9F26AA18461FBD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira nyagqukaensis Zhao & Wang & Irfan & Zhang 2021	<div><p>Taira nyagqukaensis sp. nov.</p> <p>Figures 13, 14, 24</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-14-01), CHINA, Sichuan, Nyagquka (Yajiang) County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.98102&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.020317" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.98102/lat 30.020317)">Mage Valley</a>, 30°01.219′N 100°58.861′E, 2954 m, 15.V.2019, L.Y. Wang, T. Yuan and P. Liu. Paratypes: 4 ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-14- 02~05), with same data as holotype.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality, adjective in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species resembles T. gyaisiensis by having big and semicircle shape epigynal teeth and the anterior margin of the epigynal median lobe cleft (Figs 13B, C, 14B, C). T. nyagqukaensis sp. nov., however, differs from the latter by the following characters: both sides of the median lobe are strongly bulged towards epigynal center in T. nyagqukaensis sp. nov. (Figs 13B, 14B), whereas they are not bulged in T. gyaisiensis sp. nov.; the cleft median lobe; copulatory openings present ventro-mesally; fertilization ducts extending dorso-laterally in T. nyagqukaensis sp. nov., whereas extending vertically with epigastric furrow in T. gyaisiensis sp. nov. (Figs 13B, C, 14B, C).</p> <p>Description. Female. Total length 6.86–8.26. Holotype (Fig. 14A) total length 8.26. Carapace 3.83 long, 2.38 wide; opisthosoma 4.62 long, 3.39 wide. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.20, PME 0.15, PLE 0.17; AME–AME 0.11, AME–ALE 0.15, PME–PME 0.19, PME–PLE 0.28, ALE–PLE 0.07. MOA 0.50 long, front width 0.32, base width 0.49. Clypeus height 0.18. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 3 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 9.74 (2.81, 3.33, 2.24, 1.36); II 7.73 (2.41, 2.57, 1.64, 1.11); III 7.07 (2.12, 2.52, 1.53, 0.90); IV 8.90 (2.66, 3.13, 1.98, 1.13).</p> <p>Epigyne (Figs 13B, C, 14B, C) with a dentiform and cleft median lobe. Epigynal teeth thick and close to anterior retro-lateral margin of the median lobe. Copulatory ducts long, located posteriorly. Spermathecae reniform. Fertilization ducts extending dorso-laterally.</p> <p>Male unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Sichuan, China (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF8FFFA9B9F26AA18461FBD6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF8FFFA8B9F26E558332FDFA.text	E6138786FF8FFFA8B9F26E558332FDFA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira obtusa Zhang, Zhu & Song 2008	<div><p>Taira obtusa Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song, 2008</p> <p>Figures 15, 16, 24</p> <p>Taira obtusa Zhang et al., 2008: 509, figs 34–35 (♀); Zhu et al. 2017: 582, figs 10A, 380A–B (♀).</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-07-01) and 11 ♀ paratypes (SWUC-T-AM-07-02~12), CHINA: Hubei: Shennongjia Forest, Yazikou, 31°30.748′N 110°20.346′E, 1817 m, 4.IX.2004, Z.S. Zhang and H.M. Chen; 2 ♀ paratypes (SWUC-T-AM-07-13~14), Guizhou, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.683334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.916666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.683334/lat 27.916666)">Mt. Fanjing</a>, Huixiangping to Yu’ao, 27°55′N 108°41′E, 2041 m, 2.VIII.2001, J.X. Zhang and Z.S. Zhang, examined.</p> <p>Material examined. Hubei: 6 ♂ and 3 ♀, the type locality (Shennongjia Forest, Yazikou), 19 V 2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and J.X. Zhao (SWUC); Hunan: 4 ♀, Zhangjiajie City, Sangzhi County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.074814&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.76955" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.074814/lat 29.76955)">Wudaoshui Town</a>, Nan- muping <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.074814&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.76955" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.074814/lat 29.76955)">Village</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.074814&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.76955" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.074814/lat 29.76955)">Badagong Mountain National Nature Reserve</a>, 29°46.173′N, 110°04.489′E, 1319 m, 25 VII 2018, L.Y. Wang (SWUC); Guizhou: 7 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.72567&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.889166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.72567/lat 27.889166)">Mt. Fanjing</a>, 27°53.350′N, 108°43.540′E, 1011 m, 23 VII 2013, L.Y. Wang, X.K. Jiang and T. Lu (SWUC); 2 ♀, Mt. Fanjing, Mianxuling to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.67146&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.910433" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.67146/lat 27.910433)">Huguo Temple</a>, 27°54.626′N, 108°40.288′E, 1997 m, 25 VII 2013, L.Y. Wang, X.K. Jiang and T. Lu (SWUC); 1 ♂, Mt. Fanjing, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.69765&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.908234" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.69765/lat 27.908234)">Jinding</a>, 27°54.494′N, 108°41.859′E, 2214 m, 12 X 2014, X.K. Jiang (SWUC).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species resembles T. decorata by having a sulciform interior branch of the dorsal tibial apophysis in the male palp (Figs 15C–E, 16C–E), but can be differentiated from this species by the following characters: exterior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis transverse in orientation with tibia in T. obtusa (Figs 15C, E, 16C, E), whereas nearly parallel to tibia in T. decorata; retrolateral tibial apophysis sharp in T. obtusa (Figs 15D, 16D), whereas blunt in T. decorata; tegular apophysis indistinct in T. obtusa (Figs 15C, D, 16C, D), whereas strongly protruding in T. decorata; epigynal teeth narrow, slightly curved, pointing towards the median lobe in T. obtusa (Figs 15A, 16F), whereas broad, pointing towards the epigastric furrow in T. decorata; spermathecae pear-shaped in T. obtusa (Figs 15B, 16G), whereas reniform in T. decorata.</p> <p>Description. Male. Total length 7.02–8.03. Male (Fig. 16A) total length 7.06. Carapace 3.83 long, 2.64 wide; opisthosoma 3.76 long, 2.60 wide. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.11, ALE 0.15, PME 0.15, PLE 0.17; AME– AME 0.07, AME–ALE 0.08, PME–PME 0.18, PME–PLE 0.17, ALE–PLE 0.08. MOA 0.44 long, front width 0.28, base width 0.46. Clypeus height 0.20. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 3 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 16.23 (4.30, 5.78, 4.39, 1.76); II 11.27 (3.21, 3.83, 2.84, 1.39); III 9.04 (2.74, 2.94, 2.43, 0.93); IV 10.53 (3.09, 3.62, 2.64, 1.18).</p> <p>Male palp (Figs 15C–E, 16C–E) with retrolateral tibial apophysis sharp and originating ventrally. Interior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis long, pointed anterodorsally, with a narrow groove. Exterior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis small, depressed prolaterally and pointed dorsally. Median apophysis with an acute tip and not inflated base. Embolus coracoid. Tegular apophysis depressed exteriorly with blunt apex.</p> <p>Female (Fig. 16B), description see Zhang et al. (2008). Epigyne (Figs 15A, B, 16F, G).</p> <p>Distribution. China (Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou) (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF8FFFA8B9F26E558332FDFA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF90FFB5B9F26AA18298FD37.text	E6138786FF90FFB5B9F26AA18298FD37.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira sulciformis Zhang, Zhu & Song 2008	<div><p>Taira sulciformis Zhang, Zhu &amp; Song, 2008</p> <p>Figures 17, 24</p> <p>Taira sulciformis Zhang et al., 2008: 510, figs 36–40 (♂ ♀); Zhu et al. 2017: 586, figs 383A–E (♂ ♀).</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♂ (SWUC-T-AM-10-01), 1 ♂ and 4 ♀ paratypes (SWUC-T-AM-10-02~06), CHINA, Fujian, Mt. Wuyi, Tongmu Village, 27°81.690′N 117°71.223′E, 1064 m, 16.V.1985, M.S. Zhu, examined.</p> <p>Material examined. Fujian: 1 ♀, Mt. Wuyi, Tongmu Village, 19 VII 2003, C. Zhang (SWUC); 2 ♀, Mt. wuyi, Tongmu Village, 8 VI 2013, C. Jin (SWUC); 4 ♀, Mt. Wuyi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.68515&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.7359" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.68515/lat 27.7359)">Moshikeng</a>, 27°44.154′N, 117°41.109′E, 685 m, 11 VII 2011, F. Zhang (SWUC); Guizhou: 3 ♂ and 8 ♀, Tongren City, Jiangkou County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.77257&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.846233" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.77257/lat 27.846233)">Mt. Fanjing</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.77257&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.846233" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.77257/lat 27.846233)">Heiwanhe</a>, 27°50.774′N, 108°46.354′E, 524 m, 17 III 2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and Z.S. Wu (SWUC); 2 ♂ and 3 ♀, Hei- wanhe, 19 V 2014, L.Y. Wang (SWUC); 3 ♀, Heiwanhe, 11 VII 2012, D. Wang and X.K. Jiang (SWUC); 1 ♀, Hei- wanhe, 24 VII 2013, L.Y. Wang, X.K. Jiang and T. Lu (SWUC); 1 ♂, Heiwanhe, 26 IX 2013, L.Y. Wang, D. Wang and X.K. Jiang (SWUC); 1 ♀, Heiwanhe, 15 X 2014, X.K. Jing (SWUC); 6 ♀, Heiwanhe, 28 IX 2014, L.Y. Wang, D. Wang and X.K. Jiang (SWUC).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species resembles T. concava by having a sclerotized tegular apophysis and a groove on the interior branch of the dorsal tibial apophysis in the male palp (Figs 17C–E) and by having oval spermathecae in the epigyne (Figs 17F, G). T. sulciformis can be differentiated from T. concava by the following: tegular apophysis reduced in T. sulciformis (Figs 17C, D), whereas tongue-shaped in T. concava; interior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis with three rami in T. sulciformis (Fig. 17C), whereas with two rami in T. concava; retrolateral tibial apophysis degenerated in T. sulciformis (Fig. 17D), whereas blunt in T. concava; median lobe of epigyne rounded, not extending posteriorly in T. sulciformis (Fig. 17F), whereas extending posteriorly in T. concava.</p> <p>Description. See Zhang et al. (2008). Habitus, male palp and epigyne (Fig. 17).</p> <p>Distribution. China (Guizhou, Fujian) (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF90FFB5B9F26AA18298FD37	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF93FFB5B9F269748429F853.text	E6138786FF93FFB5B9F269748429F853.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira wanzhouensis Zhao & Wang & Irfan & Zhang 2021	<div><p>Taira wanzhouensis sp. nov.</p> <p>Figures 18, 19, 24</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂ (SWUC-T-AM-15-01), CHINA: Chongqing: Wanzhou District, Lishu Township, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.73105&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.657717" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.73105/lat 30.657717)">Wangerbao Nature Reserve</a>, 30°39.463′N 108°43.863′E, 1224 m, 17.III.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and Z.S. Wu. Paratypes (2 ♂ and 4 ♀): 1 ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-15-02), with same data as holotype; 1 ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-15- 03), Wangerbao Nature Reserve, 15.III.2013, X.K. Jiang and X.W. Meng; 2 ♂ and 2 ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-15-04~07), Wangerbao Nature Reserve, 15.III.2013, X.K. Jiang and X.W. Meng.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality, adjective in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. This new species can be differentiated from all other species of genus Taira by the set of following characteristics: tip of exterior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis curved in T. wanzhouensis sp. nov. (Figs 18E, 19E); semicircular median lobe of epigyne and spermathecae situated dorso-posteriorly.</p> <p>Description. Male. Total length 7.46–8.81. Holotype (Fig. 19A) total length 8.81. Carapace 4.58 long, 3.17 wide; opisthosoma 4.06 long, 3.03 wide. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.21, ALE 0.24, PME 0.21, PLE 0.22; AME–AME 0.07, AME–ALE 0.12, PME–PME 0.20, PME–PLE 0.28, ALE–PLE 0.07. MOA 0.70 long, front width 0.45, base width 0.59. Clypeus height 0.26. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 3 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 22.76 (6.13, 8.04, 6.09, 2.53); II 16.89 (5.04, 5.58, 4.03, 2.24); III 13.35 (4.41, 4.46, 3.42, 1.06); IV 17.13 (5.00, 5.61, 4.45, 2.07).</p> <p>Male palp (Figs 18C–E, 19C–E). Retrolateral tibial apophysis absent. Interior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis margin arc-shaped, without groove, and a small process located near the dorsal tibial apophysis in prolateral view. Tip of the exterior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis curved. Embolus with a slightly curly tip. Median apophysis with an acute tip, slightly incurved. Tegulum with 2 processes.</p> <p>Female. Total length 9.18–9.79. Paratype (Fig. 19B) total length 9.79. Carapace 4.86 long, 3.27 wide; opisthosoma 4.81 long, 3.85 wide. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.20, ALE 0.23, PME 0.20, PLE 0.22; AME–AME 0.12, AME–ALE 0.23, PME–PME 0.26, PME–PLE 0.42, ALE–PLE 0.12. MOA 0.70 long, front width 0.53, base width 0.69. Clypeus height 0.31. Leg measurements: I 14.87 (4.35, 5.11, 3.02, 2.39); II 12.15 (3.71, 4.14, 2.58, 1.72); III 10.58 (3.37, 3.49, 2.23, 1.49); IV 12.77 (3.84, 4.66, 2.80, 1.47).</p> <p>Epigyne (Figs 18A, B, 19F, G) median lobe round, a pair of epigynal teeth situated ventro-laterally, not covering median lobe. Copulatory ducts wide, slightly curved, present anteriorly. Spermathecae globular. Fertilization ducts slender.</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Wanzhou, Chongqing (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF93FFB5B9F269748429F853	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF92FFB3B9F26F58838FFE86.text	E6138786FF92FFB3B9F26F58838FFE86.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira xuanenensis Zhao & Wang & Irfan & Zhang 2021	<div><p>Taira xuanenensis sp. nov.</p> <p>Figures 20, 21, 24</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂ (SWUC-T-AM-16-01), CHINA, Hubei, Xuanen County, Changtanhe Township, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.73338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.066816" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.73338/lat 30.066816)">Dawolong Village</a>, 30°04.009′N 109°44.003′E, 774 m, 15.V.2018, L.Y. Wang.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality, adjective in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Males of this new species resemble T. yangi sp. nov. males by having a similar interior branch of the dorsal tibial apophysis and a similar embolus (Figs 20A–C, 21B–D). T. xuanenensis sp. nov. can be differentiated from T. yangi sp. nov. by the following: interior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis sharper in T. xuanenensis sp. nov. (Figs 20A, 21B) than in T. yangi sp. nov., median apophysis crescent-shaped in T. xuanenensis sp. nov. (Figs 20B, C, 21C, D), whereas slender in T. yangi sp. nov.; tegular apophysis heart-shaped in T. xuanenensis sp. nov. (Figs 20A, B, 21B, C), whereas D-shaped in T. yangi sp. nov.</p> <p>Description. Male. Holotype (Fig. 21A) total length 5.07. Carapace 2.64 long, 1.93 wide; opisthosoma 2.63 long, 1.62 wide. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.13, ALE 0.18, PME 0.16, PLE 0.18; AME–AME 0.09, AME– ALE 0.10, PME–PME 0.17, PME–PLE 0.24, ALE–PLE 0.06. MOA 0.47 long, front width 0.33, base width 0.48. Clypeus height 0.17. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 3 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 13.04 (3.51, 4.61, 3.43, 1.49); II 8.95 (2.54, 2.95, 2.22, 1.24); III 7.10 (2.09, 2.22, 1.85, 0.94); IV 8.99 (2.53, 2.96, 2.44, 1.06).</p> <p>Male palp (Figs 20, 21B–D). Palp with a small retrolateral tibial apophysis, located anteriorly on tibia. Interior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis needle-like, anteriorly pointed; exterior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis depressed in prolateral view, with an obvious pit. Median apophysis with a crescent-shaped base. Tegular apophysis heartshaped.</p> <p>Female unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Hubei, China (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF92FFB3B9F26F58838FFE86	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF97FFBFB9F26AA18389FE4E.text	E6138786FF97FFBFB9F26AA18389FE4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira yangi Zhao & Wang & Irfan & Zhang 2021	<div><p>Taira yangi sp. nov.</p> <p>Figures 22–24</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂ (SWUC-T-AM-17-01), CHINA: Yunnan: Dali City, Binzhou County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.3927&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.95805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.3927/lat 25.95805)">Mt. Jizu</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.3927&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.95805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.3927/lat 25.95805)">Zhusheng Temple</a>, 25°57.483′N 100°23.562′E, 2000 m, 19.II.2009, Z.Z. Yang. Paratypes (11 ♀): 6 ♀ (SWUC- T-AM-17-02~07), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.389885&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.96455" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.389885/lat 25.96455)">Mt. Jizu</a>, Zhusheng Temple, Yulong Waterfall, 25°57.873′N 100°23.393′E, 2200 m, 22.V.2018, L.Y. Wang.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name comes from the family name of the collector Zi-Zhong Yang;</p> <p>Diagnosis. Males of this new species resemble T. xuanenensis sp. nov. by having a similar interior branch on the dorsal tibial apophysis (Figs 22C–E, 23C–E). T. yangi males, however, can be differentiated from T. xuanenensis sp. nov. males by the following characters: interior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis spout-like and blunt in T. yangi sp. nov. (Figs 22C, 23C), whereas sharp in T. xuanenensis sp. nov.; median apophysis slender in T. yangi sp. nov. (Figs 22D, 23D), whereas crescent-shaped in T. xuanenensis sp. nov.; tegular apophysis D-shaped in T. yangi sp. nov., whereas heart-shaped in T. xuanenensis sp. nov. Females of the new species resemble T. gyaisiensis sp. nov. females by having reniform spermathecae and an anteriorly grooved median apophysis (Figs 22A, B, 23F, G), but can be differentiated by the following: epigynal teeth small, not overlapping with the median lobe in T. yangi sp. nov. (Figs 22A, 23F), whereas epigynal teeth large, covering most of the ventro-lateral area of the median lobe in T. gyaisiensis sp. nov.</p> <p>Description. Male. Holotype (Fig. 23A) total length 8.09. Carapace 3.99 long, 2.80 wide; opisthosoma 4.14 long, 2.84 wide. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.20, PME 0.18, PLE 0.19; AME–AME 0.12, AME– ALE 0.13, PME–PME 0.22, PME–PLE 0.27, ALE–PLE 0.08. MOA 0.56 long, front width 0.38, base width 0.52. Clypeus height 0.26. Chelicerae brown, with 4 promarginal and 3 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I lost (5.44, -, -, -); II 13.90 (4.05, 4.62, 3.45, 1.78); III 11.79 (3.56, 3.85, 2.81, 1.57); IV 14.49 (4.17, 4.93, 3.69, 1.70).</p> <p>Male palp (Figs 22C–E, 23C–E) with a small retrolateral tibial apophysis located on the anterior part of tibia; dorsal tibial apophysis bifurcated with an obvious pit between interior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis and exterior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis. Interior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis spout-like. Exterior branch of dorsal tibial apophysis strong, with an obvious pit. Anterior part of embolus relatively thin and acute with an inflated base. Median apophysis slender with anterior part slightly incurved. Tegular apophysis with a D-shaped process.</p> <p>Female. Total length 7.28–9.43. Paratype (Fig. 23B) total length 10.65. Carapace 4.48 long, 3.13 wide; opisthosoma 6.40 long, 5.01 wide. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.17, PME 0.15, PLE 0.19; AME – AME 0.13, AME – ALE 0.18, PME – PME 0.23, PME – PLE 0.32, ALE – PLE 0.10. MOA 0.53 long, front width 0.37, base width 0.51. Clypeus height 0.19. Leg measurements: I 10.37 (2.92, 3.52, 2.45, 1.48); II 8.19 (2.17, 3.04, 1.79, 1.19); III 6.99 (2.00, 2.44, 1.51, 1.04); IV 9.68 (2.80, 3.45, 2.18, 1.25).</p> <p>Epigyne (Figs 22A, B, 23F, G) median lobe saddle-shaped and anterior margin of median lobe V-shaped. Spermathecae reniform. Fertilization ducts slender and extending posteriorly.</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Dali, Yunnan (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF97FFBFB9F26AA18389FE4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF99FFBFB9F26F4081F1F828.text	E6138786FF99FFBFB9F26F4081F1F828.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira Lehtinen 1967	<div><p>Taira qiuae-group</p> <p>Diagnosis. Male spiders in the T. qiuae species-group (Figs 25C–E, 26C–E, 27C–E) can be differentiated from male spiders in the T. flavidoralis species-group by the following combination of characters: tibia of male palp with two retrolateral apophyses in the T. qiuae species-group, whereas with a single or degenerated apophysis in the T. flavidorsalis species - group; dorsal tibial apophysis with some small teeth-like apophyses, not bifurcated in the T. qiuae species-group, whereas obviously branched in T. flavidorsalis- group; conductor with additional and strongly sclerotized apophysis in the T. qiuae species-group, whereas membranous in T. flavidorsalis- group; tegular apophysis present at the top of the tegulum, covering most of embolus in ventral view in the T. qiuae species-group, whereas originating from the area between the base of conductor and embolus in the T. flavidorsalis species - group. Female spiders in the T. qiuae species-group (Figs 25F, G, 26F, G, 27F, G) can be distinguished from female spiders in the T. flavidoralis species-group by the following characters: lateral margins of the epigynal median lobe indistinct in the T. qiuae species-group, whereas distinct in the T. flavidorsalis- group; spermathecae long in the T. qiuae speciesgroup, whereas oval to round in the T. flavidorsalis species - group; fertilization ducts much longer in the T. qiuae species-group than in the T. flavidorsalis species - group.</p> <p>Composition and distribution. Three species are included and all are known only from China: Taira qiuae Wang, Jäger &amp; Zhang, 2010 (♂ ♀), T. sichuanensis Wang, Jäger &amp; Zhang, 2010 (♂ ♀), T. zhui Wang, Jäger &amp; Zhang, 2010 (♂ ♀) (Fig. 28).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF99FFBFB9F26F4081F1F828	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF98FFBDB9F26AA1845BFBD6.text	E6138786FF98FFBDB9F26AA1845BFBD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira qiuae Wang, Jager & Zhang 2010	<div><p>Taira qiuae Wang, Jäger &amp; Zhang, 2010</p> <p>Figures 25, 28</p> <p>Taira qiuae Wang et al., 2010: 66, figs 19–25 (♂ ♀); Zhu et al. 2017: 583, figs 381A–E (♂ ♀).</p> <p>Type material: Paratypes 30 ♂ and 32 ♀ (SWUC-T-AM-08-01~62), CHINA, Shaanxi, Mt. Taibai, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.80967&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.875668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.80967/lat 33.875668)">Houzhenzi Town</a>, 33°52.54′N 107°48.58′E, 1700 m, 23–25.V.2009, Z.S Zhang, Y.F. Zhang and R.Y. Zuo, examined.</p> <p>Materal examined. Shaanxi: 4 ♂ and 2 ♀, Zhouzhi County, Heihe National Forest Park, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.96825&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.889317" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.96825/lat 33.889317)">Yixiantian</a>, 33°53.359′N 107°58.095′E, 1073 m, 17.V.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and J.X. Zhao (SWUC); 5 ♂ and 6 ♀, Zhouzhi County, Houzhengzi Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.83182&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.8488" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.83182/lat 33.8488)">Tiejiashu</a>, 33°50.928′N 107°49.909′E, 1160 m, 17.V.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and J.X. Zhao (SWUC); 1 ♂, Houzhengzi Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.80967&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.875668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.80967/lat 33.875668)">Mt. Taibai</a>, 33°52.54′N 107°48.58′E, 1700 m, 7.X.2009, Z.X. Li (SWUC); 1 ♂, Lueyang County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.30573&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.606182" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.30573/lat 33.606182)">Wulongdong Forest</a> Park, 33°36.371′N 106°18.344′E, 1754 m, 17.X.2018, L.Y. Wang (SWUC); 2 ♂ and 1 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.309616&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.604767" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.309616/lat 33.604767)">Wulongdong Forest</a> Park, 33°36.286′N 106°18.577′E, 1786 m, 1.VI.2013, M.X. Liu and X.W. Meng (SWUC); 2 ♂ and 2 ♀, Wulongdong Forest Park, 1.VI.2013, M.X. Liu and X.W. Meng (SWUC); 1 ♀, Hanzhong City, Mian County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.85468&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.30035" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.85468/lat 33.30035)">Mt. Yunwu</a>, 33°18.021′N 106°51.281′E, 1300 m, 30.V.2013, M.X. Liu and X.W. Meng (SWUC); 4 ♂ and 10 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.83012&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.359467" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.83012/lat 33.359467)">Mt. Yunwu</a>, 33°21.568′N 106°49.807′E, 1748 m, 31.V.2013, M.X. Liu and X.W. Meng (SWUC); 1 ♂, Huayin City, Mt. Huashan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.08182&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.489418" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.08182/lat 34.489418)">Qingkeping</a>, 34°29.365′N 110°04.909′E, 1318 m (SWUC); Hubei: 10 ♂ and 2 ♀, Shennongjia Forestry District, Hualanglu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.42889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.64805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.42889/lat 31.64805)">Taohuagu</a>, 31°38.883′N 110°25.733′E, 1579 m, 19.V.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and J.X. Zhao (SWUC); Sichuan: 1 ♂ and 8 ♀, Jiuzhaigou County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.24837&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.25625" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.24837/lat 33.25625)">Xiaojiuzhai</a>, 33°15.375′N 104°14.902′E, 1479 m, 25.V.2013, L.Y. Wang and X.K. Jiang (SWUC); 10 ♂ and 3 ♀, Jiuzhaigou County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.91955&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.2661" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.91955/lat 33.2661)">Jiuzhaigou Scenic Spot</a>, 33°15.966′N 103°55.173′E, 2051 m, 16.V.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and J.X. Zhao (SWUC); 1 ♀, Nanjiang County, Mt. Micang, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.91265&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.66635" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.91265/lat 32.66635)">Daxiaolangou</a>, 32°39.981′N 106°54.759′E, 1368 m, 18.V.2013, X.K Jiang and D. Wang (SWUC); 2 ♂ and 2 ♀, Mt. Micang, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.00383&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.68865" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.00383/lat 32.68865)">Heixionggou</a>, 32°41.319′N 107°00.230′E, 1625 m, 19.V.2013, X.K Jiang and D. Wang (SWUC); Chongqing: 1 ♂, Chengkou County, Lantian Township, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.9538&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.935516" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.9538/lat 31.935516)">Sanhe Village</a>, 31°56.131′N 108°57.228′E, 1361 m, 24.III.2013, X.K. Jiang and X.W. Meng (SWUC); 1 ♂ and 2 ♀, Chengkou County, Heyu Township, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.032166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.923216" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.032166/lat 31.923216)">Xumu Village</a>, 31°55.393′N 109°01.930′E, 1593 m, 28.III.2013, X.K. Jiang and X.W. Meng (SWUC); Gansu: 4 ♀, Kang County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.60277&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.327816" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.60277/lat 33.327816)">Mt. Baiyun Scenic Spot</a>, 33°19.669′N 105°36.166′E, 1201 m, 29.V.2013, L.Y. Wang and X.K Jiang (SWUC); 4 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.59993&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.32095" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.59993/lat 33.32095)">Mt. Baiyun Scenic Spot</a>, 33°19.257′N 105°35.996′E, 1401 m, 30.V.2013, L.Y. Wang and X.K Jiang (SWUC).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species resembles T. zhui by having a free standing and long retrolateral tibial apophysis on the male palp and long, more or less, anteriorly converging spermathecae in the epigyne (Figs 25C, D). T. qiuae, however, can be differentiated from T. zhui by the following: median apophysis L-shaped in T. qiuae (Fig. 25D), whereas M-shaped in T. zhui; conductor pen nib-shaped (Figs 25D, E), whereas beak-shaped in T. zhui; spermathecae two times longer in T. qiuae (Fig. 25G) than in T. zhui.</p> <p>Description. See Wang et al. (2010). Habitus, male palp and epigyne (Fig. 25).</p> <p>Distribution. China (Chongqing, Gansu, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan) (Fig. 28).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF98FFBDB9F26AA1845BFBD6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF9BFFBDB9F26E55828FF8AC.text	E6138786FF9BFFBDB9F26E55828FF8AC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira sichuanensis Wang, Jager & Zhang 2010	<div><p>Taira sichuanensis Wang, Jäger &amp; Zhang, 2010</p> <p>Figures 26, 28</p> <p>Taira sichuanensis Wang et al., 2010: 67, figs 26–32 (♂ ♀); Zhu et al. 2017: 584, figs 382A–E (♂ ♀).</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♂ (SWUC-T-AM-09-01), 6 ♂ and 12 ♀ paratypes (SWUC-T-AM-09-02~19), CHINA: Sichuan: Changning County, Meidong Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.9825&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.301332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.9825/lat 28.301332)">Gaojian Village</a>, 28°18.08′N 104°58.95′E, 670 m, 1.V.2008, Z.S. Zhang and R.Y. Zuo; 7 ♀ paratypes (SWUC-T-AM-09-20~26), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.9825&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.301332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.9825/lat 28.301332)">Gaojian Village</a>, 28°18.08′N 104°58.95′E, 670 m, 5.VI.2008, Z.S. Zhang, examined.</p> <p>Material examined. Sichuan: 1 ♀, Xingwen County, Shihaidongxiang, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.139885&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.178816" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.139885/lat 28.178816)">Tianquan Cave</a>, 28°10.729′N 105°08.393′E, 747 m, 22.V.2012, L.Y. Wang and M.X. Liu (SWUC); 3 ♀, Baoxing County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.87515&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.581833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.87515/lat 30.581833)">Fengtongzhai Nature Reserve</a>, 30°34.910′N 102°52.509′E, 1609 m, 29.VI.2012, L.Y. Wang and M.X. Liu (SWUC); 13 ♂ and 16 ♀, Changning County, Meidong Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.9883&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.298866" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.9883/lat 28.298866)">Gaojian Village</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.9883&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.298866" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.9883/lat 28.298866)">Bajiao Cave</a>, 28°17.932′N 104°59.298′E, 766 m, 12.IV.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and Z.S. Wu (SWUC); Guizhou: 7 ♂ and 5 ♀, Jiangkou County, Mt. Fanjing, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.77257&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.846233" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.77257/lat 27.846233)">Heiwanhe</a>, 27°50.774′N 108°46.354′E, 524 m, 17.III.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and Z.S. Wu (SWUC).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species resembles T. qiuae and T. zhui by having an anteriorly expanding tegular sclerite apophysis and distinct conductor apophyses in the male palp, and elongated spermathecae in the epigyne (Fig. 26). T. sichuanensis, however, can be differentiated from T. qiuae and T. zhu i by having a small retrolateral tibial apophysis and a broad conductor in the male palp (Figs 26C–E), and by the kidney-shaped spermathecae in the epigyne (Figs 26F, G).</p> <p>Description. See Wang et al. (2010). Habitus, male palp and epigyne (Fig. 26).</p> <p>Distribution. China (Guizhou, Sichuan) (Fig. 28).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF9BFFBDB9F26E55828FF8AC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
E6138786FF9DFFBAB9F26AA180B6F81A.text	E6138786FF9DFFBAB9F26AA180B6F81A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taira zhui Wang, Jager & Zhang 2010	<div><p>Taira zhui Wang, Jäger &amp; Zhang, 2010</p> <p>Figures 27, 28</p> <p>Taira zhui Wang et al., 2010: 69, figs 33–39 (♂ ♀); Zhu et al. 2017: 587, figs 384A–E, pl. V: A–B (♂ ♀).</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♂ (SWUC-T-AM-11-01), 2 ♂ and 28 ♀ paratypes (SWUC-T-AM-11-02~31), CHINA: Chongqing: Mt. Jinyun, 29°50.500′N 106°21.500′E, 248 m, 25.V.2008, R.Y. Zuo, Z.H. Liu and G. Wei; 1 ♂ para- type (SWUC-T-AM-11-32), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.35833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.841667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.35833/lat 29.841667)">Mt. Jinyun</a>, 26.IV.2008, Z.S. Zhang, examined.</p> <p>Material examined. Chongqing: 16 ♂ and 17 ♀, Beibei, Mt. Jinyun, Jinyun Temple, 5.IV.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang, T. Lu, and R.B. Wu (SWUC); Sichuan: 2 ♂ and 2 ♀, Mt. Emei, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.38125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.5805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.38125/lat 29.5805)">Wannian Temple</a>, 29°34.830′N 103°22.875′E, 1017 m, 13.IV.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y.Wang and Z.S. Wu (SWUC); 6 ♂ and 3 ♀, Mt. Emei, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.44392&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.568483" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.44392/lat 29.568483)">Fuhu Temple</a>, 29°34.109′N 103°26.635′E, 485 m, 14.IV.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and Z.S. Wu (SWUC); 41 ♂ and 13 ♀, Mt. Emei, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.3788&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.57915" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.3788/lat 29.57915)">Wannian Temple</a>, 29°34.749′N 103°22.728′E, 1147 m, 15.V.2012, L.Y. Wang and D. Wang (SWUC); 1 ♀, Mt. Emei, Wannian Temple to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.38125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.5805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.38125/lat 29.5805)">Qingyinge</a>, 29°34.830′N 103°22.875′E, 1017 m, 16.IV.2011, Z.S. Zhang (SWUC); 1 ♀, Mt. Emei, Wann- ian Temple, Qingyinge, 23.IX.1975 (SWUC); 1 ♀, Mt. Emei, Lianghekou to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.38125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.5805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.38125/lat 29.5805)">Qingyinge</a>, 29°34.830′N 103°22.875′E, 1017 m, 27.VII.2003, Z.S. Song (SWUC); 9 ♂ and 13 ♀, Ya’an City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.98335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.084" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.98335/lat 30.084)">Bifengxia</a>, 30°05.040′N 102°59.001′E, 1084 m, 16.IV.2013, L.Y. Wang (SWUC); 8 ♀, Ya’an City, Bifengxia, 30.VI.2012, L.Y. Wang and M.X. Liu (SWUC); 32 ♂ and 8 ♀, Leibo County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.78525&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.4256" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.78525/lat 28.4256)">Ma Lake</a>, 28°25.536′N 103°47.115′E, 1153 m, 18.V.2012, L.Y. Wang and M.X. Liu (SWUC); 2 ♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.973236&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.5763" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.973236/lat 31.5763)">Langzhong City</a>, 31°34.578′N 105°58.394′E, 339 m, 8.XI.2009, Z.S Zhang (SWUC); 10 ♀, Much- uan County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.86031&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.970966" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.86031/lat 28.970966)">Jinxing</a>, 28°58.258′N 103°51.619′E, 521 m, 17.V.2012, L.Y. Wang (SWUC); 2 ♀, Baoxing County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.87515&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.581833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.87515/lat 30.581833)">Fengtongzhai Nature Reserve</a>, 30°34.910′N 102°52.509′E, 1609 m, 29.VI.2012, L.Y. Wang and M.X. Liu (SWUC); 5 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.87537&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.58455" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.87537/lat 30.58455)">Fengtongzhai Nature Reserve</a>, 30°35.073′N 112°52.522′E, 1591 m, 22.VII.2003, J.X. Zhang (SWUC); 1 ♀, Baoxing County, 30°22.080′N 102°48.900′E, 1042 m, 23.VII.2003, J.X. Zhang (SWUC); 3 ♂ and 1 ♀, Nanjiang County, Mt. Guangwu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.78353&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.678032" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.78353/lat 32.678032)">Taoyuan Scenic Spot</a>, 32°40.682′N 106°47.012′E, 1049 m, 13.V.2013, X.K. Jiang and D. Wang (SWUC); 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.79442&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.690166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.79442/lat 32.690166)">Taoyuan Scenic Spot</a>, 32°41.410′N 106°47.665′E, 1703 m, 14.V.2013, X.K. Jiang and D. Wang (SWUC); 2 ♂ and 6 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.79442&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.690166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.79442/lat 32.690166)">Taoyuan Scenic Spot</a>, 32°41.410′N 106°47.665′E, 1703 m, 16.V.2013, X.K Jiang and D. Wang (SWUC); 4 ♀, Wolong Nature Reserve, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.29622&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.0429" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.29622/lat 31.0429)">Qicenglou Daying Valley</a>, 31°02.574′N 103°17.773′E, 2027 m, 19.VII.2003, J.X. Zhang (SWUC); Guizhou: 1 ♂, Jianhe County, Yang’asha Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.45725&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.769783" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.45725/lat 26.769783)">Dalao Village</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.45725&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.769783" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.45725/lat 26.769783)">Qilin Cave</a>, 26°46.187′N 108°27.435′E, 742 m, 13.X.2019, L.Y. Wang, P. Liu and Y. Zhang (SWUC); 1 ♂, Suiyang County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.1858&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.958218" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.1858/lat 27.958218)">Kuankuoshui Administrative Center Station</a>, 27°57.493′N 107°11.148′E, 875 m, 3.VI.2010, Z.X. Li and L.Y. Wang (SWUC); 4 ♀, Kuankuoshui Nature Reserve, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.19975&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.240334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.19975/lat 28.240334)">Da Cave</a>, 28°14.420′N 107°11.985′E, 1299 m, 15.VIII.2010, Z.S. Wang and L.Y. Wang (SWUC); 4 ♀, Zunyi City, Tongzi County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.050835&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.552166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.050835/lat 28.552166)">Huanglian Township</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.050835&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.552166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.050835/lat 28.552166)">Bajiao Village</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.050835&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.552166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.050835/lat 28.552166)">Qushui Cave</a>, 28°33.130′N 107°03.050′E, 1107 m, 17.VII.2016, H.Y. Zhao and Z. Li (SWUC); 4 ♂ and 3 ♀, Yanhe County, Da- heba, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.6554" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.253334/lat 28.6554)">Houwang Cave</a>, 28°39.324′N 108°15.200′E, 343 m, 25.IV.2013, X.K. Jiang (SWUC); 8 ♂ and 5 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.6554" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.253334/lat 28.6554)">Houwang Cave</a>, 28°39.324′N 108°15.200′E, 343 m, 25.IV.2013, X.K. Jiang (SWUC); 2 ♂, Kaili City, Leishan County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.15832&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.355766" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.15832/lat 26.355766)">Leigong Mountain Nature Reserve</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.15832&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.355766" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.15832/lat 26.355766)">Lianhuaping</a>, 26°21.346′N 108°09.499′E, 1410 m, 13.IX.2005, (SWUC); 2 ♂, Daozhen County, Dashahe Nature Reserve, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.60755&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.15195" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.60755/lat 29.15195)">Chengmen Cave</a> to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.60755&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.15195" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.60755/lat 29.15195)">Xieshiyan</a>, 29°09.117′N 107°36.453′E, 1456 m, 29.V.2004, Z.S. Zhang and H.M. Chen (SWUC); 1 ♂ and 2 ♀, Dashahe Nature Reserve, Guo Village to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.43118&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.1543" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.43118/lat 29.1543)">Heba</a>, 29°09.258′N 107°25.871′E, 1221 m, 24.V.2004, Z.S. Zhang and H.M. Chen (SWUC); 2 ♀, Dashahe Nature Reserve, Shiyakou to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.60755&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.15195" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.60755/lat 29.15195)">Chengmen Cave</a>, 29°09.117′N 107°36.453′E, 1456 m, 17.VIII.2004, Z.S. Zhang (SWUC); 3 ♂, Sinan County, Qin- gangpo Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.002884&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.875334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.002884/lat 27.875334)">Houjiapo Village</a>, 27° 52.520′N 108° 00.173′E, 978 m, 24.V.2014, X.W. Meng and T. Lu (SWUC); Hubei: 6 ♀, Enshi, Xuanen County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.73805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.08195" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.73805/lat 30.08195)">Changtanhe Township</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.73805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.08195" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.73805/lat 30.08195)">Dawolong Village</a>, 30°04.917′N 109°44.283′E, 774 m, 29.V.2018, L.Y. Wang (SWUC); 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.36945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.498617" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.36945/lat 31.498617)">Shennongjia Forestry District</a>, 31°29.917′N 110°22.167′E, 1671 m, 19.V.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and J.X. Zhao (SWUC); 2 ♂ and 1 ♀, Fang County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.700035&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.889116" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.700035/lat 31.889116)">Yerengu Town</a>, 31°53.347′N 110°42.002′E, 1084 m, 19.V.2018, Z.S. Zhang, L.Y. Wang and J.X. Zhao (SWUC); 1 ♂, Shennongjia Forestry District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.48307&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.401516" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.48307/lat 31.401516)">Muyu Town</a>, 31°24.091′N 110°28.984′E, 827 m, 25.IX.2001, M.S. Zhu (SWUC); 1 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.91348&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.33885" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.91348/lat 30.33885)">Lichuan City</a>, Ying- taoshu, 30°20.331′N 108°54.809′E, 1091 m, 30.XII.2013, X.K. Jiang and X.W. Meng (SWUC); Anhui: 1 ♂ and 2 ♀, Huangshan City, Xiuning County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.03833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.804466" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.03833/lat 29.804466)">Mt. Qiyun</a>, 29°48.268′N 118°02.300′E, 513 m, 27.IX.2011, L.Y. Wang and M.L. Liu (SWUC); 1 ♂, Mt. Qiyun, Yuehuajie, 18.IV.2011, L.Y. Wang and Z.X. Li (SWUC); 1 ♂, Mt. Qiyun, Yuehu- ajie, 18.IV.2011, L.Y. Wang and Z.X. Li (SWUC); 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, Mt. Qiyun, 2.V.1999, M.S. Zhu (SWUC); 4 ♂ and 1 ♀, Huangshan City, Tunxi District (no detailed data), 3.V.1983, Y.J. Xu (SWUC); Shaanxi: 5 ♂ and 2 ♀, Hanzhong City, Zhenba County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.7157&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.777317" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.7157/lat 32.777317)">Qinshui Town</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.7157&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.777317" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.7157/lat 32.777317)">Renhe Village</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.7157&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.777317" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.7157/lat 32.777317)">Baitianhe Nature Reserve</a>, 32°46.639′N 107°42.942′E, 1048 m, 26.V.2013, M.X. Liu and X.W. Meng (SWUC); 6 ♂ and 6 ♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.7157&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.777317" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.7157/lat 32.777317)">Baitianhe Nature Reserve</a>, 32°46.639′N 107°42.942′E, 1048 m, 26.V.2013, M.X. Liu and X.W. Meng (SWUC); Hunan: 8 ♂ and 16 ♀, Chenzhou City, Yizhang County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.79195&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.03785" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.79195/lat 25.03785)">Yaozu Township</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.79195&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.03785" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.79195/lat 25.03785)">Yanziyan</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.79195&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.03785" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.79195/lat 25.03785)">Yanzi Cave</a>, 25°02.271′N 112°47.517′E, 325 m, 19.IV.2018, Z.S. Wu, H. Zhou and F. Xiong (SWUC); Jiangxi: 9 ♀, Ningdu County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=115.98865&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.342033" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 115.98865/lat 26.342033)">Cuiweifeng Nature Reserve</a>, 26°20.522′N 115°59.319′E, 187 m, 3.VI.2019, G.C. Zhou (SWUC).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species resembles T. qiuae by having a free standing, long retrolateral tibial apophysis and long, more or less, anteriorly converging spermathecae (Fig. 27), but can be differentiated by the following: median apophysis M-shaped in T. zhui (Fig. 27D), whereas L-shaped in T. qiuae; conductor beak-shaped in T. zhui (Figs 27D, E), whereas pen nib-shaped in T. qiuae; spermathecae two times shorter in T. zhui (Fig. 27G) than in T. qiuae.</p> <p>Description. See Wang et al. (2010). Habitus, male palp and epigyne (Fig. 27).</p> <p>Distribution. China (Anhui, Chongqing, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan) (Fig. 28).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E6138786FF9DFFBAB9F26AA180B6F81A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhao, Jing-Xia;Wang, Lu-Yu;Irfan, Muhammad;Zhang, Zhi-Sheng	Zhao, Jing-Xia, Wang, Lu-Yu, Irfan, Muhammad, Zhang, Zhi-Sheng (2021): Furtherrevisionofthemesh-webspidergenus TairaLehtinen, 1967 (Amaurobiidae) with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 457-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.3
