taxonID	type	description	language	source
DA670D5F2E5E816AFF051A842B98FAF9.taxon	description	The genus includes about 60 species, in the Old World ranging from the Mediterranean region via Asia minor to North India, the Himalayan region, Vietnam and China (including Taiwan) and in the New World from North to Middle America. Krombein et al. (1979) listed 21 American species of Habropoda, while about 39 species are known from the Old World (Lieftinck, 1966, 1974; Schwarz & Gusenleitner, 2001; Wu, 2000). With 31 species most of the Old World Habropoda are distributed in the Oriental region, while only eight species are found in the western palearctic realm. Within the Oriental region Habropoda is most diverse in mainland China, which harbours 17 species (Wu, 1979, 1983, 1991, 2000). On Taiwan, Habropoda comprises four species, of which one species and one subspecies are new to science.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5F816DFF051FCC2D4EFDC7.taxon	description	(Figs 2 A, B, 4 A, B 5 B)	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5F816DFF051FCC2D4EFDC7.taxon	description	Female. BL: 14.7 mm. FWL: 10.2 mm. Structure. Head triangular, about 1.4 times broader than long. Proboscis short to medium long in repose, extending to the forecoxa. Galea tesselate, weakly shiny (basally) to dull (apically), with large, shallow punctation. Mandible bidentate. Labrum shiny, about 1.4 times broader than long, with irregular strong wrinkles on disc between prominent lateral humps; area before ventral margin with four tooth-like projections in the middle. Clypeus shiny, with very dense punctation (<< 1), disc flattened in profile. SCA protuberant, with fine dense punctation and impunctate median line becoming distinctly broader from hind to ventral margin. All other parts of head strongly tesselate with inconspicuous tiny punctation. Scape slightly shorter than AS 3, with inconspicuous, sparse punctation ventrally. AS 3 nearly as long as following three AS together, about 3 times as long as broad apically. Mesoscutum weakly shiny, with dense (= 1) punctation. Scutellum tesselate, dull with dense small punctation. Propodeum weakly tesselate, shiny with inconspicuous, sparse punctation laterally. Mesepisternum weakly shiny, tesselate, with dense shallow punctation. T weakly shiny tesselate, with dense inconspicuous punctation on disc and nearly impunctate marginal zone. Pygidial plate tesselate, dull. S tesselate, shiny to weakly dull with large dense (= 1) punctation. Integument colour. Body black to dark brown. Glossa and galea transparent brown. Mandible yellow transparent basally, blackish brown apically. All parts of head black to blackish brown except triangular ivory maculation along the middle of ventral margin of clypeus. Antenna blackish brown except AS 4 – AS 12 reddish brown beneath. Thorax blackish brown. Legs brown to yellowish brown. Veins of wings blackish brown, tegula bright yellowish brown, transparent. T blackish brown except marginal zone transparent amber. Pygidial plate black. S reddish brown with broad blackish brown maculations in the middle of disc of S 2 – S 4. Pubescence. Ventral margin of mandible with long white hairs. Labrum and clypeus with medium long, yellowish grey pubescence except long blackish brown hairs along lateral margins of clypeus. POA, SCA and most of frons with dense, short, whitish grey pubescence, intermixed with long blackish brown hairs. Area around ocelli and vertex with long yellowish grey to dark brown hairs. GA with long silvery white hairs. Dorsal and dorso-lateral parts of thorax with dense, long, yellowish grey hairs, intermixed with long dark brown hairs. Ventral and ventro-lateral parts of thorax with bright yellowish grey to silvery white long hairs. Ventral surface of forefemur with long greyish white to brownish grey hairs. Foretibia with brownish grey hairs. Foretarsus with dense brush of simple, yellowish brown hairs ventrally. Pubescence of middle leg greyish brown except dense brush of reddish brown hairs ventrally on tarsus. Tibial scopa of hind leg with yellowish brown to brown long, mostly branched hairs. Hind basitarsus with long, dark brown pubescence. T 1 – T 4 with long, yellowish grey, apically often dark brown, hairs. Marginal zone of T 1 – T 4 with dense, short, yellowish white hairs, forming inconspicuous apical hair bands among long pubescence. Prepygidial fimbria yellowish grey to yellowish brown. Pygidial fimbria dark brown. S 2 – S 4 with long yellowish to greyish white hairs apically and short, bright reddish brown hairs medially. S 5 with dense brush of reddish brown hairs on disc and long dark brown hairs apically. Male. BL 11.1 – 13.2 mm (12.1 mm). FWL: 8.8 – 9.9 mm (9.3 mm). General appearance of structures, integument colour and pubescence similar to female except as follows: AS 3 about as long as following two AS together (Figs 2 A, B); colouration of head as in Fig. 2 A; mandible ivory except for brown mark apically; clypeus with T-shaped, ivory maculation along median line (Fig. 2 A); SCA and ventral surface of scape ivory; long pubescence of T 3 – T 5 with distinctly fewer dark brown hairs than on T 1 and T 2; apical hair bands of short, yellowish white hairs on T 1 – T 5 on entire marginal zone (on T 4 and T 5 nearly completely covering each T), therefore much more broad and distinctive than in female; apical part of S 7 (Fig. 4 A) broad, triangular, with distinct incision apically, the latter bearing a distinct hair fringe medially; S 7 with strong short hairs along apical margin ventrally; apical margin of S 8 nearly oval, except for flat emargination medially (Fig. 4 B). Male genitalia (Fig. 5 B). DGS short, about as long as VGS, slightly spatulate apically. Apical margin of DGS with long hairs. VGS ear-shaped, about 1.8 times longer than broad, with regularly spaced microtrichia on ventral surface.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5F816DFF051FCC2D4EFDC7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. H. bucconis is very similar to H. imitatrix Lieftinck, 1974, which occurs in SE China. The following observations are based on males only, as no female specimens of H. imitatrix were available. Almost no significant differences were found between H. bucconis and H. imitatrix in structural characters. The differences are predominantly in colouration of integument and pubescence (clypeal spot of H. imitatrix more slender, I-shaped, pubescence of hind basitarsus blackish brown, darker than in H. bucconis). Both characters are variable within each species. Weak structural differences are only found in AS 3, which is slightly shorter than the scape in H. imitatrix and slightly longer than the scape in H. bucconis, the apical incision in S 7 which is more concave in H. bucconis than in H. imitatrix and the lateral parts of the triangular apical part of S 7 being more acutely angled in H. imitatrix (for shape of male S 7 of H. imitatrix see Lieftinck, 1974).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5F816DFF051FCC2D4EFDC7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Records of H. bucconis are based mostly on old collection data from the low hill countryside and areas near the coast line of Taiwan, e. g. Fengshan, Taitung, Puli, Tainan, Taipei, Tailin and Kaohsiung (Lieftinck, 1974). Recently this species was recorded from Kukung (Yunlin Hsien) and from the surroundings of the TESRI-Station Tengchi (Kaohsiung Hsien). For seasonal and altitudinal distribution of this species, see Fig. 9.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5F816DFF051FCC2D4EFDC7.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. All male specimens collected by the author in Tengchi were found exclusively at flowers of Teucrium viscidum Bl. (Lamiaceae).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5F816DFF051FCC2D4EFDC7.taxon	discussion	Comments. Based on the weak distinctive features listed above for H. bucconis and H. imitatrix, it is conceivable that H. imitatrix is a continental subspecies of H. bucconis. However, no females of H. imitatrix were available for examination in the present study, thus the two taxa must be regarded as separate species by the differences listed above for the males and those for the females given by Lieftinck (1974).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5F816DFF051FCC2D4EFDC7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Paralectotypes, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, TAIWAN: Tainan, collection A. Weis (SMF). Other material. 6 ♂♂, TAIWAN: 1 ♂, Yunlin, Kukung Shih-pi, 29. X. 1992, W. T. Yang, Sweeping Net, NMNS ENT 1426 - 777 (NMNS); 1 ♂, Tengchi (1600 m), N 23 ° 04 ' / E 120 ° 46 ', 17. IX. 2002, leg. Dubitzky & Szczepanek (CDS); 4 ♂♂, Tengchi (1600 m), N 23 ° 05 ' / E 120 ° 47 ', 19. IX. 2002, leg. Dubitzky & Szczepanek (CDS, NCHUT).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E59816EFF05197C2C29F9DF.taxon	description	(Figs 2 C, D, 4 E, F, 5 A)	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E59816EFF05197C2C29F9DF.taxon	description	Female. BL: 12.9 – 14.4 mm (13.5 mm). FWL: 9.7 – 10.4 mm (10.1 mm). Structure. Head about 1.4 times as broad as long. Proboscis long in repose, reaching mesocoxa. Galea fine and densely tesselate, dull, with sparse, shallow punctation. Labrum about 1.5 times broader than long, with dense punctation on disc. Area before apical margin of labrum with two tooth-like projections (or processes) medially. Apical margin of clypeus with distinct incision in the middle. Clypeus tesselate, dull except shiny triangular flattened area along apical margin. Punctation of clypeus dense to very dense (<< 1), shallow. SCA dull, with fine and dense punctation. Other parts of head smooth to weakly tesselate, with small and dense punctation (= 1). Scape about as long as AS 3 and AS 4 together, with large sparse punctation ventrally. AS 3 cylindrical basally and conical apically, about 1.3 times as long as AS 4 and AS 5 together. Mesoscutum tesselate, dull to weakly shiny, with large dense (<1) punctation. Punctation of scutellum distinctly smaller, denser (<< 1) than on mesoscutum. Metanotum tesselate, shiny, with similar but sparser punctation than on scutellum. Propodeum tesselate, shiny, with large sparse punctation laterally and impunctate median line forming trapezoid impunctate area in the middle. Punctation and surface of mesepisternum similar to mesoscutum. All T tesselate, dull, with dense, inconspicuous punctation except impunctate marginal zone. S tesselate, weakly shiny, with dense punctation. Integument colour. Colour of body black to blackish brown. Mandible yellowish to reddish brown basally, black apically. Labrum yellowish brown. Clypeus dark brown, sometimes with yellowish brown to yellow maculation apically. Antenna blackish brown except apical part of AS 3 – AS 11 bright yellowish brown beneath. Legs chestnut brown (coxa to tibia basally) to yellowish brown (apical part of tibia to tarsus). All T black except amber transparent marginal zone. All S blackish brown with bright yellowish brown maculations, mostly apically. Pubescence. Ventral margin of mandible with long, brown hairs. Labrum with long, distinct hairbrush of dense, yellowish grey hairs. Lateral parts of clypeus, POA, SCA and main parts of frons, with short and dense, yellowish white pubescence, intermixed with long blackish brown hairs. Vertex with long, blackish brown hairs. Ventral part of GA and occiput with bright, yellowish grey pubescence. Thorax with long, blackish brown pubescence, except ventral part of mesepisternum with long yellowish grey hairs. Forefemur with long blackish brown hairs, intermixed with long yellowish grey hairs. Pubescence of foretibia brown (basally) to yellowish brown (apically). Foretarsus with simple, bright orange-grey hairs. Middle and hind legs from coxa to femur with mostly blackish brown pubescence. Pubescence of middle tibia and tarsus similar to that of forelegs. Tibial scopa of hind leg bright orange. Inner side of hind tibia with short and dense, mostly brown hairs. All T with variably coloured pubescence, T 1 mostly with long blackish brown hairs, T 2 – T 3 with black hairs, often intermixed with orange pubescence and T 4 – T 6 with bright orange pubescence. S 1 – S 4 with long, brown to orange hair fringe apically and inconspicuous, short, yellowish grey hairs basally. S 5 with dense brush of reddish brown to orange hairs on apical half. Male. BL: 11.9 – 13.1 mm (12.6 mm). FWL: 8.8 – 9.7 mm (9.26 mm). As in female except for normal secondary sexual characteristics and as in the follow: AS 3 distinctly shorter than in female, about 1 / 3 shorter than AS 4 and AS 5 together (Fig. 2 D); AS 4 and AS 5 (Fig. 2 D) distinctly longer than broad; mandible ivory transparent with black apical region; clypeus ivory with a teardropshaped black maculation laterally (Fig. 2 C); labrum bright yellowish brown to yellowish transparent; ventral part of SCA, POA and ventral surface of scape ivory (Fig. 2 C); tegula brown, paler than in female; pubescence of head mostly bright yellowish grey except few single blackish brown hairs on lateral parts of clypeus, SCA and vertex; thorax with long dense, yellowish grey hairs, on mesoscutum intermixed with sparse long blackish brown hairs; coxa to femur of all legs with long yellowish grey hairs ventrally; tibia and tarsus of fore and middle leg with bright orange, long pubescence; distal tarsal segments of hind leg with short yellow to orange hairs; T with medium long yellowish orange pubescence; S 1 – S 3 with long fringe of yellowish grey hairs apically; S 4 and S 5 with inconspicuous short, yellowish grey hairs medially and dense brush of yellowish orange hairs laterally; S 6 nearly bare, except brush of short dense hairs apically; S 7 (Fig. 4 E) with concave apical incision, ventral surface with strong, dense, apical hairs; S 8 (Fig. 4 F) with very slight incision apically. Male genitalia (Fig. 5 A). DGS long, nearly twice as long as VGS, spatulate apically; inner margin of spatulate part of DGS with long hairs, about as long as basal part. VGS longer than broad, with inconspicuous short hairs on ventral side.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E59816EFF05197C2C29F9DF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species resembles very closely H. christineae sp. n., from which it can be distinguished by the characters given for the diagnosis for H. christineae sp. n.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E59816EFF05197C2C29F9DF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is mainly known from the lowland to low hill countryside of Taiwan, such as Neihu (Taipei Hsien), Fushan (Taipei Hsien), Shihting (Taipei Hsien), Hokuto (Taipei Hsien), Tainan (Tainan Hsien) and Tungpu (Nantou Hsien). For seasonal and altitudinal distribution of this species, see Fig. 9.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E59816EFF05197C2C29F9DF.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Lectotype (by present designation to ensure the stability of the species status), 1 ♀, bearing labels with following original writing: " Formosa, Tainan, 7. IV. 1911, leg. H. Sauter ". Paralectotypes, TAIWAN: 3 ♀♀, Tainan, 7. IV. 1911, leg. H. Sauter (DEI); 1 ♀, TAIWAN: Hoozan, IV. 1910, leg. Sauter (DEI). Other material. 5 ♀♀, 11 ♂♂, TAIWAN: 1 ♀ Fushan, Hsueshan Shanmo, ca. 650 m, 7. V. 2001, leg. Schönitzer (ZSM); 1 ♀, Tungpu, 1200 m, Nantou Hsien, 28. IV. - 2. V. 1981, T. Lin & C. J. Lee (TARI); 1 ♀, Taipei, Neihu, 250 m, IV – V. 1972, leg. Maa (RMNH); 2 ♀♀, Shihting, at nest, 2. V. 1976, leg. Lieftinck (RMNH); 2 ♂♂, Taipei, Neihu, 11. IV. 1973, leg. Maa (RMNH); 2 ♂♂, Taipei, Neihu, ex colony, 28. III. – 18. V. 1974, leg. Maa (RMNH); 1 ♂, Taipei, Neihu, 20. – 25. III. 1973, leg. Maa (RMNH); 2 ♂♂, Hokuto, 7. III. 1912, H. Sauter (DEI), erroneously determined as Anthophora bucconis Friese by Strand; 4 ♂♂, Taipei Hsien, Chu-Tze Lake, 570 m (locality name written in Chinese), 20. IV. 1956, col. K. S. Lin (TARI, ZSM).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5A8165FF051D73295FFDC7.taxon	description	(Figs 1 A, B, 2 E, F, 3, 4 G, H, 5 C) Female. BL: 11.2 – 13.4 mm (12.3 mm). FWL: 8.9 – 9.2 mm (9.0 mm). Structure. Head triangular, about 1.3 times broader than long. Proboscis medium long in repose, extending beyond the forecoxae. Galea smooth and shiny with sparse, shallow punctures. Stipites smooth and shiny. PMX 4 and PMX 5 equal in length. Mandible strongly punctured basally. Labrum nearly twice as broad as long, irregularly punctured. Area near ventral margin of labrum with two small tooth-like projections. Clypeus smooth and shiny with sparse irregular punctation which is smallest and most dense basally. Basal half of clypeus protuberantly rounded, ventral half with flattened, triangular area. SCA protuberant apically, with large, dense punctation and two lateral humps before each antennal insertion. Median ridge of SCA indistinct, flattened. Other parts of head as POA, face, vertex and GA shiny with small, dense punctation. Scape about as long as following three AS together, with large and dense punctation on ventral side. AS 3 conical, becoming increasing broader from base to apex, nearly as long as AS 4 and AS 5 together. AS 4 slightly broader than long. AS 5 nearly as broad as long, AS 6 – AS 11 distinctly longer than broad. AS 12 twice as long as broad. Mesoscutum smooth and shiny, with very dense and distinct punctation. Scutellum rounded, weakly tessellated, punctation similar to mesoscutum with slightly notched median line. Metanotum with dull area in the middle, lateral parts with large, distinct punctation, more shiny. Propodeum strongly tesselate, dull, with indistinct and small but dense punctation, except impunctate, smooth to weakly tesselate, triangular area in the middle. Structure of pronotal lobe and mesepisternum similar to mesoscutum and scutellum. Tegula shiny, with indistinct small punctation. Tarsal segments of foreleg conspicuously truncate (Fig. 3), especially segments 2 – 4 distinctly broader than long, heart-shaped. T shiny, with small, dense punctation (<1), also on marginal zone. Marginal zone of T 2 – T 3 about one third of total length of T. Dorsolateral convexity of all T distinctly developed. Pygidial plate triangular, strongly tesselate, dull. Apical half of pygidial plate distinctly narrower, apically pointed. All S tesselate, dull with more coarse punctation than on T. Apical margin of S 2 and S 3 impunctate, shiny. Integument colour. Colour of body black. Proboscis reddish brown. Mandible brown basally, nearly black apically. Labrum and clypeus chestnut brown. Clypeus sometimes with weak yellowish white marking along ventral margin (one female with additional marking along median line). Antenna black, from AS 4 onwards chestnut brown beneath. Fore and middle leg black to chestnut brown. Mid basitarsus reddish brown. Hind leg brown (femur) to yellowish brown (tibia, tarsus). Claws of all legs yellowish brown basally, dark reddish brown apically. Spurs yellowish brown. T 1 – T 4 black, T 5 and T 6 orange. Pygidial plate yellowish brown basally to black apically. S dark brown basally to transparent yellowish brown apically. Pubescence (Fig. 1 A). Labrum regularly covered with medium long, golden brown hairs. Disc of clypeus with sparse inconspicuous short, golden brown hairs. Lateral parts of clypeus with scant, long black hairs. Ventral margin of mandible with yellowish brown hairs apically and long, blackish brown hairs basally. Upper parts of GA covered with long black hairs, lower parts near mandible with long greyish brown hairs. Pubescence of other parts of head black. Scapus with medium long black hairs mostly on ventral side. Thorax densely covered with long black hairs. Ventral surface of thorax and LP covered with long, dark grey hairs. Propodeum covered with short, dark grey hairs except area along median line. Tarsal segments of foreleg conspicuously covered with dense, bottlebrush-like yellowish grey pubescence mostly with the characteristically hooked tips of the hairs (Fig. 3). Pubescence of other parts of foreleg black except small spot of short golden brown hairs on apical part of tibia. Hairs of femur and tibia of middle leg similar to foreleg. Tarsus of middle leg with simple, sparse, yellowish brown hairs, except inner side of basitarsus with dense brush of short orange-brown hairs. Hind leg with relatively long black hairs on coxa and trochanter but short dark grey hairs on ventral surface of femur. Outer side of hind tibia with long and bright orange hairs, in contrast to the relatively short (dorsally) to long (ventrally), dense and simple brown hairs on inner side. Tibial scopa with feathery hairs along ventral (brown) and dorsal margin (dark orange). Hind basitarsus with orange brown hairs about twice as long on outer than on inner side and dense orange hairbrush along apical margin. Other segments of hind tarsus with sparse brown hairs. T 1 – T 2 with regular pubescence of black hairs being longest on basal part of T 1. Pubescence of T 3 black except an inconspicuous spot of sparse orange hairs in the middle. T 4 with dense pubescence of short orange hairs, intermixed with single long black hairs on disc and black hairs laterally. Prepygidial as well as pygidial fimbria of bright orange hairs. S 2 – S 4 with apical hair fringe of long blackish brown hairs, S 5 with golden brown hairs and S 6 nearly bare with few golden brown hairs apically. Male. BL: 10.4 – 12.9 mm (11.5 mm). FWL: 8.0 – 8.9 mm (8.5 mm). Structure. Head triangular, similar to female (Fig. 2 E). Proboscis and other mouthparts similar to female. Clypeus with more sparse punctation on triangular flattened area than in female. Other parts of head similar to female. Scape as long as following three AS together (Figs 2 E, F). AS 3 conical, distinctly shorter than in female about as long as AS 4 (Figs 2 E, F). AS 4 – AS 12 longer than broad, AS 13 about twice as long as broad. Thorax in all parts similar to female. Tarsal segments of foreleg longer than broad, not truncate as in female. T as female except pygidial plate absent. S not as intensively tesselate as in female, more shiny. Punctation of S similar to those of T, but more sparse (> 1). S 7 (Fig. 4 G) strongly convex apically. Apical part of S 7 funnelshaped in dorsal view. S 8 (Fig. 4 H) with distinct, broad incision apically, apical margin bilobed. Integument colour. Body mostly black. Proboscis bright reddish brown. Mandible similar to female except small ivory spot basally. Clypeus ivory except chestnut line along ventral margin and black areas along lateral margins (Fig. 2 E). Triangular ivory maculation along ventral margin of SCA with distinct incision medially (Fig. 2 E). Labrum chestnut brown. Antenna black, AS 3 – AS 13 dark brown beneath. Foreleg dark brown to chestnut brown. Femur of all legs dark brown except inner side reddish brown. Tibia and tarsus of middle leg brown except pale yellowish brown maculation at tibia apically. Tibia and tarsus of hind leg yellowish brown to orange. Claws of all legs yellowish brown basally, dark brown to nearly black apically. Spurs of all legs yellowish brown. Basal part of T 1 chestnut brown, apical part (disc) black. T 2 – T 4 black, except chestnut macu- lations laterally. T 5 brown except large, dark brown to black maculation in the middle. T 6 – T 7 bright yellowish brown to orange. S 1 – S 5 chestnut brown basally to yellowish brown apically. S 6 – S 8 transparent amber. Pubescence (Fig. 1 B). Labrum with medium long yellowish grey hairs. Disc of clypeus almost bare, with few yellowish grey to black short hairs. Lateral parts of clypeus with scant long black hairs, similar to female. Ventral part of occiput (area around proboscis insertion) and GA with long, greyish white to brownish grey hairs. Pubescence of other parts of head similar to female. Pubescence of thorax similar to female but slightly more pale (blackish brown) dorsally. Foretarsus with simple, yellowish brown hairs (not hooked apically as in female). Pubescence of other parts of foreleg as in female. Femur of middle and hind leg with sparse medium long black hairs. Dorsal surface of tibia of middle and hind leg with short yellowish grey hairs intermixed with single black hairs apically. Ventral surface of tibia of middle and hind leg with sparse, long, black hairs especially along front and hind margins. Mid tarsus with yellowish grey to orange pubescence forming a dense brush of strong hairs ventrally. Pubescence of hind tarsus similar to those of mid tarsus, except row of long sparse hairs along hind margin of basitarsus. T 1 – T 2 with long blackish brown hairs similar to pubescence of mesoscutum, longest on basal half of T 1. Pubescence of T 3 similar to T 2 but intermixed with few single yellowish grey hairs. T 4 with black hairs basally and yellowish grey hairs on marginal zone. Pubescence of T 5 short, yellowish grey except few black hairs intermixed basally. T 6 with yellow pubescence except row of strong black hairs along each lateral margin. Pubescence of T 7 completely yellowish orange. Disc of S 1 – S 5 with sparse pubescence of short, simple, yellowish grey hairs. Apical margin of S 1 – S 5 with row of long, feathered, yellow to dark brown hairs. S 6 with inconspicuous sparse pubescence of short yellow hairs except strong, dense brush of dark orange hairs in the middle of apical margin. Ventral surface of S 7 (Fig. 4 G) densely covered with microtricha apically, dorsal surface only along apical margin. Ventral surface of S 8 (Fig. 4 H) with single microtricha only along apical margin. Male genitalia (Fig. 5 C). DGS long, about twice as long as VGS, slightly broadened apically. DGS with distinct brush of long hairs (about half length of ventral process) along apical and inner margin. Inner margin of apical part of DGS straight, without concave incision. VGS ear-shaped, distinctly broader than long, with dense brush of distinct hairs (length about 1 / 4 of lateral extension of VGS) along inner margin.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5A8165FF051D73295FFDC7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. H. christineae sp. n. is very similar to H. tainanicola Strand, 1913, which occurs in two subspecies, the nominotypical H. t. tainanicola Strand from Taiwan and H. t. maiella Lieftinck from mainland China (Fukien). Superficially the new species could be confused with these two subspecies but it is clearly differentiated by the following characters (character states of the two subspecies of H. tainanicola Strand in parenthesis). Both sexes: Structure of galea smooth and shiny (structure of galea tesselate, dull); pubescence of labrum shorter, more sparse (pubescence of labrum longer, dense); apical tooth-like projections of labrum short, inconspicuous (apical tooth-like projections of labrum long, distinct); all T completely black (all T black only basally, marginal zone amber transparent); all T polished, shiny with strong, distinct punctation (dull between shallow, indistinct punctation). Females: Pubescence of POA black (yellowish grey); AS 3 continuously becoming broader, twice as long as broad apically, about as long as AS 4 and AS 5 together (AS 3 cylindrical basally and conical apically, about three times as long as broad apically, distinctly longer (1.3 times) than AS 4 and AS 5 together); ventral part of GA, occiput and mesepisternum with dark brown pubescence (with bright yellowish grey pubescence); foretarsus truncate, with bottlebrush-like pubescence of apically hooked hairs (foretarsus with normal pubescence of apically straight hairs). Males: Clypeus (Fig. 2 E) ivory, along lateral margins distinctly black (clypeus (Fig. 2 C) completely yellow, without black along lateral margins); POA and ventral surface of scape (Figs 2 E) completely black (POA and ventral surface of scape with yellow maculation (Fig. 2 C )); AS 3 (Fig. 2 F) about as long as AS 4 (AS 3 (Fig. 2 D) distinctly longer than AS 4); pubescence of body mostly blackish brown (pubescence of body mostly yellowish brown: H. t. tainanicola Strand; pubescence dark greyish brown: H. t. maiella Lieftinck, see also Lieftinck 1974); S 7 (Fig. 4 G) convex rounded apically, ventral surface apically with inconspicuous microtricha (S 7 (Fig. 4 E) apically concave, ventral surface with distinct, strong and dense hairs apically). S 8 (Fig. 4 H) with strong and distinct incision apically (S 8 (Fig. 4 F) with weak, indistinct incision apically); male genitalia as in Fig. 5 C, lateral sclerites of penis valve slender, hardly broadened apically (male genitalia as in Fig. 5 A, lateral sclerites of penis valve distinctly broadened apically); inner margin of apical spatulate part of DGS (Fig. 5 C) about half as long as basal part (inner margin of apical spatulate part of DGS (Fig. 5 A) about as long as basal part); VGS (Fig. 5 C) distinctly broader than long, with strong, dense hairbrush along inner margin (VGS (Fig. 5 A) distinctly longer than broad, without distinct hairbrush along inner margin). FIGURE 4. S 7 (A, C, E, G) and S 8 (B, D, F, H) of male Habropoda (ventral surface) of Taiwan. A, B, H. bucconis; C, D, H. sinensis taiwana; E, F, H. tainanicola tainanicola; G, H, H. christineae. Scale bars, 500 µm (A, C, E, G), 250 µm (B, D, F, H).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5A8165FF051D73295FFDC7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named christineae in honour of my beloved mother Christine Dubitzky in gratitude for her tremendous support of me and my studies. She has always encouraged my biological interests and showed great sympathy and tolerance for the diverse zoological pursuits of my youth.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5A8165FF051D73295FFDC7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. H. christineae sp. n. is known from the surroundings of the mountain range near the medium altitude TESRI station Tengchi (1600 m), Kaoshiung Hsien, from Meifeng (2150 m), Tsuifeng (2700 m), Sungkang (2100 m) in Nantou Hsien, Central Taiwan and from Tapinshan (1950 m), Ilan Hsien, North Taiwan. Strangely enough two males were also collected in the low land area of Taiwan: Taichung, Tong-hai University (ca. 310 m), Taichung Hsien and in the area of the Taiwan provincial council (ca. 100 m), Nantou Hsien. The collection localities of these males show a strong discrepancy with the altitudinal data of all other specimens of this species. The data from these two male specimens were excluded from the seasonal and altitudinal distribution table (Fig. 9) of the species. As yet, they are the only records for lowland Taiwan, an area that has been more intensively collected than the mountainous regions. It is possible that mislabelling or drifting of specimens by typhoon winds from mountainous to lowland regions of Taiwan may be the reason for their appearance.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5A8165FF051D73295FFDC7.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. All specimens were collected by the author in Tengchi and taken on Rubus formosensis (Rosaceae), where females gathered pollen and males patrolled for females.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E5A8165FF051D73295FFDC7.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, ♂, TAIWAN: Tengchi, near Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute (TESRI), 1600 m, 23 ° 07 ' N / 120 ° 47 ' E, 6. VII. 2000, leg. A. Dubitzky (NCHUT). Paratypes, 35 ♂♂, 11 ♀♀, TAIWAN: 9 ♂♂, same data as holotype (5 ♂♂ collected on 7. VII. 2000) (CAD, NCHUT); 7 ♂♂, same collecting locality as holotype, 6 ♂♂ collected on 6. VII. 2000, 1 ♂ on 7. VII. 2000, all leg. S. Szczepanek (CAD, NCHUT); 4 ♀♀, same data as holotype (1 ♀ collected on 6. VII. 2000, 3 ♀♀ on 7. VII. 2000,) (CAD, NCHUT); 1 ♀, same collecting locality as holotype, 7. VII. 2000, leg. S. Szczepanek (CAD); 15 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, Meifeng (2150 m), Nantou Hsien, Malaise trap, VIII. 1984, leg. K. S. Lin & K. C. Chou (1 ♂ and ♀ collected in IX. 1984) (TARI, ZSM); 1 ♂, Sungkang (2100 m), Nantou Hsien, 6. VIII. 1984, leg. K. S. Lin (TARI); 1 ♂, Tapinshan (1950 m), Ilan Hsien, 26. – 28. VII. 1983, leg. L. Y. Chou (TARI); 1 ♂, Taichung, Tong-hai University, 27. VII. 1976, leg. Chi-ping Lin (NCHUT); 1 ♂, Nantou, Taiwan provincial council, 13. VIII. 1976, leg. Chiping Lin (NCHUT); 2 ♀♀, Tsuifeng (2300 m), Nantou Hsien, Malaise trap, VIII. 1984, leg. K. S. Lin & K. C. Chou (TARI).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E518167FF0519562CC3FDB7.taxon	description	(Figs 2 G, H, 4 C, D, 5 D) Male. BL: 11.4 – 11.9 mm (11.7 mm). FWL: 8.4 – 8.6 mm (8.5 mm). Structure. Head triangular, broader than long (Fig. 2 G). Proboscis in repose short, just reaching front margin of forecoxae. Galea smooth with shallow sparse punctures. Labrum about 1.7 times broader than long, with large dense punctation basally except impunctate lateral humps. Ventral margin of labrum convex with a small incision in the middle. Clypeus smooth with regular, large punctation (= 1). SCA protuberant, with small honeycombed punctation and distinct median ridge on basal half. Area around ocelli with dense small punctation. Vertex, GA, SCA and area between ocelli and compound eyes with dense medium-sized punctation. Frons tesselate, with medium-sized sparse punctation. Scape almost as long as following three AS together (Figs 2 G, H), with dense distinct punctation ventrally. AS 3 conical, short, about as long as AS 4, only 1.2 times longer than broad apically (Figs 2 G, H). AS 4 – AS 13 distinctly longer than broad (AS 4 – AS 5 about 1.6 times, AS 6 – AS 12 about 1.8 times and AS 13 about twice as long as broad). Mesoscutum with honeycombed punctation of variable diameters. Metanotum tesselate, dull, with large and regular punctation except small area in the middle. Scutellum, mesepisternum and pronotal lobe similar to mesoscutum. Tegula smooth and shiny with inconspicuous weak punctation. All T shiny, weakly tesselate, with very dense (<< 1) honeycombed punctation of coarse, distinct punctures, sometimes of varying diameters. S shiny, with large dense punctation which becomes smaller from base to apex. Area near apical margin of S impunctate. Apical part of S 7 (Fig. 4 C) convex, separated from basal part by a narrow constriction. S 8 as shown in Fig. 4 D. Integument colour. Body black. Galea and glossa reddish brown. Mandible yellow, except apical part as well as dorsal and ventral margins being blackish brown. Clypeus yellow except blackish brown line along ventral margin, two lateral teardrop-shaped maculations and a black area latero-ventrally (Fig. 2 G). SCA black with yellowish line along ventral margin (Fig. 2 G). All other parts of head black. Antenna black, AS 4 – AS 13 chestnut beneath. All legs mostly black (coxae to tibiae) to blackish brown (apical tarsal segments). Claws reddish brown basally to black apically. Spurs of all legs bright greyish brown. Tegula transparent, amber. T as well as S black, except brown transparent line along apical margin of S 1 – S 4. Pubescence. Mandible with short to medium long white hairs basally and long white hairs along ventral margin. Labrum with medium long sparse white hairs. Clypeus mostly bare on disc and sparse long brown hairs laterally. Lateroapical corner of clypeus as well as lower part of SCA with short white hairs. Upper part of POA and SCA as well as face and vertex covered with dark brown hairs. Main parts of GA and occiput with long and dense, yellowish white to white hairs. Scape with long blackish brown hairs on ventral side. Mesoscutum densely covered with long yellowish brown pubescence, intermixed with dark brown to black hairs. Pronotal lobe with long, blackish brown hairs. Pubescence of mesepisternum yellowish brown dorsally to white ventrally. Ventral surface of forefemur ventrally with long white pubescence intermixed with black- ish brown hairs. Foretibia with brown to blackish brown long hairs ventrally and short yellowish white hairs dorsally. Foretarsus with brown to black pubescence of dense short hairs ventrally and long sparse hairs dorsally. Coxa and trochanter of middle and hind leg with long white pubescence. Femur of middle and hind leg with long white hairs. Pubescence of tibia and tarsus of middle and hind leg brown to blackish brown. T 1 regularly covered with long yellowish white hairs. T 2 – T 4 with short blackish brown hairs on disc and bright ochreous hair bands apically. T 5 – T 7 regularly covered with short blackish brown hairs. S 2 – S 4 with row of long greyish white hairs along apical margin. S 5 and S 6 covered with short blackish brown hairs. Apical margin and ventral surface of apical part of S 7 with inconspicuous sparse microtricha (Fig. 4 C). S 8 with sparse microtricha ventrally and along apical margin (Fig. 4 D). Male genitalia (Fig. 5 D). DGS about 1.3 times as long as VGS, slightly spatulate apically. Hairbrush of DGS sparse, about 1 / 3 as long as DGS. VGS about 1.5 times longer than broad, with brush of dense hairs (length about 1 / 3 of lateral extension of VGS) along corner of apical to basal inner margin of VGS. Apical part of inner margin of VGS with only few sparse hairs. Female. BL: 12.6 – 13.8 mm (13.2 mm). FWL: 8.8 mm. Structure. Head triangular, about 1.5 times broader than long. Proboscis extremely short in repose, just reaching front margin of forecoxa. Galea shiny, with shallow sparse punctation .. Labrum similar to male, with two tooth-like projections medially near ventral margin. Clypeus and SCA protuberant, the first is strongly convex in profile. Structure of clypeus weakly shiny, with irregular strong punctation, punctures largest and most sparse on disc and apical half. Basal half of clypeus as well as POA with smaller, dense punctation. Other parts of head as in male. Scape more slender and longer than in male, about as long as following three AS together, with distinct punctation on ventral side. AS 3 twice as long as broad apically and about twice as long as AS 4. Structure of thorax similar to male. Legs stronger and more truncate than in male. Tarsal segments 2 – 4 of foreleg truncate, flattened, distinctly broader than long. Forebasitarsus distinctly longer than broad, flattened, slightly concave ventrally. Structure of T and S similar to male but S duller and with more dense punctation than male. Pygidial plate dull, broadly triangular, apically pointed, with weakly elevated area in the middle. Integument colour. Body as in male. Mandible only on basal third yellow. Clypeus blackish brown except inverted T-shaped yellow maculation along ventral margin. SCA completely black, sometimes with indication of yellow maculation along ventral margin. Pubescence. Mandible with greyish brown to white pubescence. Labrum with dense, medium long greyish brown hairs. Pubescence of proboscis and clypeus as male. SCA with dense, short ochreous hairs. Pubescence of other parts of head and thorax as in male. Foretarsi with bottlebrush-like pubescence of dense, apically hooked, greyish brown hairs. Pubescence of other parts of foreleg as male. Pubescence of trochanter and femur of middle leg greyish brown to brown, with brush of dense and short dark brown hairs on ventral surface of apical trochanter and basal femur. Tibia and tarsus of middle leg with brown pubescence, ventral surface of metatarsus with brush of dense dark brown hairs. Pubescence of trochanter and femur of hind leg dark brown. Tibial scopa brown to dark yellowish brown. Pubescence of inner side of hind tibia dark brown, consisting of dense, short hairs. Basitarsus of hind leg with dark brown pubescence on outer side and dark reddish brown pubescence on inner side. Pubescence of T 1 similar to male but being more yellowish ochreous. T 2 – T 4 with short, yellow to orange hairs on disc and dense ochreous hair bands along apical margin. T 4 with sparse, dark brown hairs laterally. Disc and lateral parts of T 5 with sparse dark brown hairs. Prepygidial fimbria dark brown, only basally with inconspicuous yellowish brown spot. Pygidial fimbria dark brown. S 2 – S 4 with rows of long yellowish grey hairs apically. S 5 with apical hairbrush of brown to dark brown pubescence.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E518167FF0519562CC3FDB7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. H. sinensis taiwana ssp. n. is differentiated from the nominotypical form as follows (character states of H. sinensis sinensis Alfken, 1937 in parentheses): Pubescence of middle and hind legs dark brown, especially on trochanter, femur and basitarsus of female hind leg (pubescence of middle and hind legs yellowish grey); prepygidial fimbria of female dark brown to black except small yellowish brown spot basally (completely bright yellowish grey); pubescence on disc of female T dark yellowish brown (T 1 – T 3) to dark brown (T 4 – T 5) (pubescence on disc of all T yellowish grey); apical hair bands of female T 1 – T 4 dark yellow to fox-red (bright ochreous to yellowish white); mark of SCA of male more or less linear (distinctly triangular); male AS 3 as long as AS 4 (AS 3 slightly longer than AS 4); male antenna from AS 4 onwards dark brown beneath (completely reddish brown beneath). Since most of the distinctive features concern colouration of integument and pubescence and not structural characters, both taxa are treated at the subspecies level herewith.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E518167FF0519562CC3FDB7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This subspecies is named after the island of Taiwan.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E518167FF0519562CC3FDB7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. H. sinensis taiwana ssp. n. is currently known only from the surroundings of the experimental forest Hueisun on Taiwan. For seasonal and altitudinal distribution of the species, see Fig. 9.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E518167FF0519562CC3FDB7.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, ♂, TAIWAN: Hueisun, experimental forest, ca. 600 m, 24 ° 07 ' N / 121 ° 03 ' E, 27. VI. 2000, leg. A. Dubitzky (NCHUT). Paratypes, 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, same data as holotype (CAD).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E538167FF05199C2992F8DF.taxon	description	The long marginal cell as well as the uniform pubescence of the metasoma are plesiomorphic among bees and therefore suggest a basal position of Tetralonioidella within Melectini. Perhaps Tetralonioidella forms the sister group to the remaining melectine genera. With three species, Tetralonioidella is most diverse on Taiwan. Two species have been recorded from India, and except for Taiwan, only a single species is known from each of the remaining countries (Table 1). This is remarkable considering the small area of Taiwan, in contrast to the large size of the other areas listed in Table 1. Furthermore, only 4 species of Habropoda and one species of Elaphropoda (Wu, 2000), which are the hosts of Tetralonioidella, have been recorded from Taiwan, so far. Yet, both anthophorine genera show their greatest diversity in mainland China. It is entirely possibly that several more species of Tetralonioidella will be discovered there.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E4C817CFF051F9B2C9AFD9F.taxon	description	(Figs 6 A, 7 E, F, 8 C)	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E4C817CFF051F9B2C9AFD9F.taxon	description	Male. BL: 14.5 mm. FWL: 9.2 mm. Structure. Head oval, about 1.3 times broader than long. Face rectangular, space between compound eyes dorsally nearly as broad as ventrally. Proboscis in repose reaching base of trochanter of foreleg. Galea shiny, smooth to weakly tesselate, with minute, sparse punctation. Labrum about 1.3 times broader than long, apically with deep median incision. Frons with distinct, large punctation. Punctation of vertex indistinct, smaller than on frons. Frons and vertex tesselate, dull to weakly shiny, except for smooth and shiny area around ocelli. Antenna (Fig. 6 A) long, reaching behind tegula. Scape conically broadened, about as long as following two AS together, with dense punctation ventrally. AS 3 slightly broader than long. AS 4 long, nearly twice as long as broad and twice as long as AS 3. AS 5 – AS 8 distinctly longer than broad, AS 9 – AS 12 only slightly longer than broad and AS 13 about twice as long as broad. AS 5 – AS 13 with strong concave posterior margin, there- fore distinctly nodiform in dorsal view (Fig. 6 A). Scutellum shiny, with large honeycombed punctation anteriorly, coarse wrinkles posteriorly. Posterior margin of scutellum straight to slightly concave, without broad incision in the middle. Scutellum with distinct median keel; spines long, distinct. Propodeum smooth and shiny, only basally slightly tesselate to minutely wrinkled. Mesepisternum as well as lateral parts of propodeum shiny with wrinkle-like, irregular punctation. Fore and hind wing distinctly papillate distally. Femur and tibia of middle and hind leg slender, not thickened. Middle tibia apically with long tooth-like, curved projection. Inner spur of hind tibia slightly curved. Basitarsus of hind leg straight, without ventral groove. All T shiny, with large, shallow and dense punctuation extending onto marginal zone. Apical margin of T 1 – T 6 straight to slightly concave medially. T 7 with weak, triangular incision apically. S 1 – S 5 shiny, with distinct, dense punctation basally and sparser, indistinct punctation on marginal zone. S 6 triangular, with regular, dense punctation. Apical margin of S 1 and S 2 straight, of S 3 – S 5 slightly concave medially. Integument colour. Proboscis brown. Mandible brown except dark reddish brown at apex. Labrum yellowish brown transparent. Antenna blackish brown dorsally, AS 4 – AS 13 bright brown ventrally. Pronotal lobe brown, tegula bright brownish transparent. All legs completely brown. Scutellar spines black with brown tips. Tibial spurs all dark brown. T 1 dark brown basally, bright brownish transparent apically. T 2 blackish brown basally in contrast to bright brownish transparent marginal zone. Following T dark brown to black. S 1 and S 2 bright yellowish brown, transparent; S 3 – S 5 dark reddish brown basally and yellowish transparent apically. S 6 brownish transparent. S 7 (Fig. 7 E), with broad incision apically. S 8 as in Fig. 7 F. Pubescence. Mandible with long silvery hairs along ventral margin and short silvery hairs basally. Labrum with short, feathery, grey hairs, intermixed with numerous long yellowish grey hairs. Clypeus extremely densely covered with short, feathery, white pubescence, intermixed with few long, simple hairs. POA with white pubescence, intermixed with few dark brown hairs laterally. Frons with long white pubescence of branched hairs except tufts of long blackish brown hairs beside median keel of frons. Vertex around ocelli with blackish brown short to long, branched hairs. Area along hind margin of vertex, occiput and GA with long, white hairs. Mesoscutum with long, yellowish white pubescence except blackish brown hair band between tegulae. Scutellum with yellowish white pubescence similar to mesoscutum, except two dark brown hair tufts around base of scutellar spines. Other parts of thorax with long, branched yellowish white to white pubescence except areas ventral of tegula and around pronotal lobe, which bear tufts of apically dark brown hairs. Femur of all legs with long pubescence of greyish brown to white hairs except pubescence of forefemur being intermixed with single dark brown hairs. Pubescence of tibia and tarsi of all legs brown. S regularly covered with short feathery yellowish brown hairs. S with short, feathery, yellowish transparent hairs, intermixed with longer, simple hairs of the same colour. Ventral surface of S 7 with thin, inconspicuous pubescence along apical margin (Fig. 7 E). S 8 with distinct median hair fringe apically (Fig. 7 F). Male genitalia. As illustrated in Fig. 8 C. FIGURE 7. Male S 7, S 8 of Tetralonioidella of Taiwan. A, C, E, S 7, ventral view; B, D, F, S 8, ventral view; A, B, T. heinzi; C, D, T. hoozana; E, F, T. himalayana formosana. Scale bars, 250 µm. Female. BL: 13.1 – 14.5 mm (13.8 mm). FWL: 9.3 – 9.5 mm (9.4 mm). General appearance as in male except for usual secondary sexual characteristics and as follows: galea with more distinct punctation. Clypeus tesselate, shiny to weakly dull, with dense punctation; length of AS similar to male, except AS 9 – AS 11 being distinctly longer than broad similar to AS 4 – AS 8; AS 5 – AS 12 straight along posterior margin, not nodiform in dorsal view; pygidial plate apically pointed, dull, with only small apical region elevated; pubescence of clypeus sparser; scape with more sparse pubescence than in male; pubescence of forefemora uniformly grey on ventral side, without dark brown hairs; pygidial plate dark reddish brown (apically) to black (basally).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E4C817CFF051F9B2C9AFD9F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. From the nominotypical subspecies, T. himalayana himalayana Smith, T. himalayana formosana Cockerell can be separated in both sexes by the following characters (character states of T. himalayana himalayana in parentheses): Yellowish grey pubescence of scutellum with two lateral tufts of dark brown hairs around scutellar spines (pubescence of scutellum uniformly yellowish grey). Small tufts of dark brown tipped hairs ventrally of tegula and around pronotal lobe (without tufts of dark tipped hairs around these structures). Propodeal triangle shiny, smooth to slightly wrinkled laterally (propodeal triangle distinctly wrinkled laterally, dull to weakly shiny).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E4C817CFF051F9B2C9AFD9F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. So far this species is known from the lowland to low hill countryside of Taiwan, such as Kaohsiung (Kaohsiung Hsien), Tailin (Chiayi Hsien) and Tungpu (Nantou Hsien). For seasonal and altitudinal distribution of the species, see Fig. 10.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E4C817CFF051F9B2C9AFD9F.taxon	discussion	Comments. Lieftinck (1972, p. 274) treated T. himalayana and T. formosana as two separate species although he found no solid characters to justify the separation, after comparison with the type material he wrote: " As a matter of fact, P. himalayana and formosana are undoubtedly very nearly related and so closely similar to one another that they may be only geographical representatives of but one species ". The structural differences between the two forms listed in Lieftinck´s determination key (Lieftinck, 1972) are negligible, therefore only differences in the colouration of pubescence remain (see diagnosis). Furthermore, the structural differences of the propodeal triangle mentioned by him are insufficient in as much as only a single male of T. himalayana himalayana Smith was studied and thus the extent of variation in this character remains unknown. Regarding the male genitalia and hidden S, as well as the flight season, these two forms are identical. The only distinctive features are the different colour patterns of thoracic pubescence, which do not justify a separation of the two taxa at the species level, but rather indicate that they should be treated as geographical subspecies.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E4C817CFF051F9B2C9AFD9F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type material. Holotype, ♀, TAIWAN: Kosempo, II. 1908, S. V. Sauter (MNB). Other material. 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, TAIWAN: 1 ♀, Taihorin, XII. 1911, H. Sauter (DEI); 1 ♀, Tungpu (1200 m), Nantou Hsien, X. 1985, Malaise trap, leg. K. S. Lin (TARI); ♂, Takao, XII. 1908, Sauter (MNB).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E48817DFF0519BE295FF867.taxon	description	(Figs 6 C, 7 C, D, 8 B)	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E48817DFF0519BE295FF867.taxon	description	Male. BL: 12.7 – 13.6 mm (13.2 mm). FWL: 9.2 – 9.4 mm (9.3 mm). Structure. Head about 1.4 times broader than long. Face trapezoid, space between compound eyes dorsally broader than ventrally. Proboscis in repose reaching front margin of foretrochanter. Galea shiny, with dense, small punctation. Labrum shiny, about 1.5 times broader than long, with dense punctation of large punctures. Apical margin of labrum convex, with broad incision in the middle. Clypeus shiny, with dense, honeycombed punctation. SCA distinctly keeled in the middle. Other parts of head shiny to dull, lateral parts of vertex and frons with irregular punctation. Antenna rather short, reaching front margin of tegulae (Fig. 6 C). Scape with dense punctation ventrally, about as long as following three AS together. AS 3 slightly longer than broad. AS 4 short, nearly 1.5 times longer than broad, distinctly longer than AS 3 and about 1.4 times longer than AS 5 in ventral view. Following AS about as long as broad except AS 13 is about 1.9 times as long as broad. AS 5 – AS 12 weakly concave along posterior margin, distally only slightly convex, not distinctly nodiform dorsally (Fig. 6 C). Mesoscutum smooth and shiny, with large and dense punctation. Scutellum weakly shiny, with dense, honeycombed punctation, no median keel developed. Posterior margin of scutellum with broad incision in the middle. Scutellar spines short, truncate, barely visible between pubescence. Mesepisternum smooth and shiny, with large and dense punctation. Fore and hind wing distinctly papillate distally. Femur and tibia of middle and hind leg thickened. Inner spur of hind tibia straight, distinctly longer than outer spur. Basitarsus of hind leg ventrally flattened, without groove, therefore straight in profile. All T distinctly tesselate, dull to weakly shiny, with inconspicuous, small and dense punctation. Apical margin of T 1 – T 6 straight to slightly convex in the middle. T 7 with a triangular, apically pointed incision. S 1 – S 5 weakly tesselate, shiny, with small punctation that is most dense basally. Apical margins of S convex (S 1) to straight (S 2) respectively slightly concave (S 3 – S 5) in the middle. S 6 triangular, with small dense punctation. S 7 as in Fig. 7 C, apically rounded. S 8 as in Fig. 7 D, apically truncate. Integument colour. Colour of body mostly black. Proboscis brown, mandible reddish brown in the middle. AS 3 – AS 13 yellowish to reddish brown beneath, dark brown dorsally. Tarsus blackish brown (basitarsus) to yellowish brown (distitarsus). Tegula amber, transparent. Apical 2 / 3 of T 1 – T 6 bright amber, transparent in contrast to the black basal third, all T therefore conspicuously banded. T 1 – T 6 mostly apically with distinct metallic gloss (difficult to see between dense pubescence). S 1 – S 2 yellowish brown, S 2 with large, blackish brown maculations laterally. Other S blackish brown basally to dark brown transparent apically. Pubescence. Mandible with few, long grey hairs along ventral margin and short grey hairs basally. Labrum and clypeus with short grey pubescence of feathery hairs, intermixed with long, branched hairs. POA as well as SCA with dense, short pubescence of grey, feathery hairs, on POA intermixed with long yellowish grey hairs. Frons as well as vertex with long, bright yellowish brown pubescence of feathery hairs, area around ocelli with short, branched yellow hairs. GA with short branched hairs along hind margin of compound eye, becoming longer to occiput. Pubescence of thorax fox-red to yellowish orange of long, branched hairs. Lateral parts of thorax with yellowish grey to grey, long, branched hairs. All T with dense fox-red pubescence of short feathery hairs, which are most dense on lateral parts of T 1 and apical parts of T 2 – T 6, forming apical hair bands which emphasize the banding of integument colour on the latter. All S with inconspicuous, short to medium long yellowish grey, transparent pubescence. S 7 (Fig. 7 C) with thin hairs on ventral surface along apical margin. S 8 (Fig. 7 D) bare. Male genitalia. As illustrated in Fig. 8 B. Female. BL: 12.0 mm. FWL: 9.2 mm. Structure. Head oval, as in male about 1.4 times broader than long. Face same as male, distinctly trapezoid. Proboscis and mandibles same as in male. Labrum about 1.4 times broader than long, shiny, with large and distinct punctation. Ventral margin of labrum weakly concave, with small tooth-like projection in the middle. Clypeus shiny to weakly dull, with honeycombed punctation. SCA and lower part of frons distinctly keeled in the middle. Other parts of head mostly shiny, with more or less distinct, irregular punctation. Antenna rather short, reaching front margin of tegulae. Scape similar to male, about as long as following three AS together. Length of AS 3 and AS 4 similar to male. AS 5 – AS 11 distinctly longer than broad (1.2 to 1.3 times). AS 12 nearly twice as long as broad. Posterior margin of AS 5 – AS 11 straight, not concave as in male. Mesoscutum same as in male but with distinct median groove, nearly reaching hind margin. Scutellum similar to male, with very short, truncate scutellar spines. Basal half of scutellum in contrast to male with weak and flat median keel. Mesepisternum similar to male. Apical parts of fore and hind wing distinctly papillate. Femur and hind tibia of middle and hind leg only weakly thickened, distinctly more slender than in male. Inner spur of hind tibia straight, distinctly longer than outer spur. Basitarsus of hind leg rounded, only weakly flattened ventrally. T 1 – T 5 similar to male. Triangular pygidial plate of T 6 tesselate, slightly elevated in the middle. Structure of S 1 – S 6 similar to male, marginal zone apically shiny, nearly impunctate. S 5 with shiny elevated triangular flattened area apically. Integument colour. Head and thorax mostly black. Proboscis brown, mandible mostly reddish brown. Labrum brownish transparent. Clypeus blackish brown with two small bright brown spots laterally. Antenna dark blackish brown except AS 3 – AS 12 yellowish to reddish brown beneath. Legs black to blackish brown, tarsi blackish brown to bright brown. Tegula amber transparent. T 1 – T 5 coloured similar to male, with distinct metallic gloss. Basal parts of all S dark brown to blackish brown, marginal zone transparent amber. Basal parts of pygidial plate reddish brown, apical part black. Pubescence. Similar to male.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E48817DFF0519BE295FF867.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. T. hoozana is similar to T. heinzi sp. n., from which it can be separated by the diagnostic features given below for T. heinzi sp. n.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E48817DFF0519BE295FF867.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Beside the type locality near Hoozan, which today is known as Fengshan (Kaohsiung Hsien, South-West Taiwan), this species also occurs in Lienhuachih (Nantou Hsien, Central Taiwan) and Raisha, now known as Sungkang (Nantou Hsien, Central Taiwan). For seasonal and altitudinal distribution of this species, see Fig. 10.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E48817DFF0519BE295FF867.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type material. Holotype, ♂, TAIWAN: Hoozan (= Fengshan today), IX. 1910, leg. Sauter (DEI). Other material. 1 ♂, 1 ♀, TAIWAN: 1 ♂, Raisha (= Sungkang today), 30. VIII. 1927, J. Sonan, K. Shibata (TARI); 1 ♀, Lienhuachih (650 m), Nantou Hsien, IX. 1984, Malaise trap, leg. K. S. Lin & K. C. Chou (TARI).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E4A8170FF051BB628C0FE8F.taxon	description	(Figs 1 C, D, 6 B, 7 A, B, 8 A) Male. BL: 9.9 – 14.3 mm (11.3 mm). FWL: 8.6 – 10.3 mm (9.3 mm). Structure. Head oval, about 1.3 times broader than long. Inner margin of compound eyes divergent (space between compound eyes dorsally about 1.2 times as broad as ventrally), face therefore trapezoid in frontal view. Proboscis in repose reaching coxa of foreleg. Galea lanceolate in lateral view, apically pointed. Surface of galea shiny, smooth to very weakly tesselate, with small but distinct punctation. Labrum nearly rectangular, about 1.5 times broader than long, shiny, with large and dense punctation except for the slender impunctate median line. Ventral margin of labrum convexly rounded, with a broad incision in the middle. Clypeus with dense punctation, about 1.5 times broader than long. SCA shiny, with distinct, dense punctation and a strong lamellate keel in the middle. All other parts of head smooth to weakly tesselate, shiny with irregular, dense punctation. Lateral region of vertex flattened. Ocelli arranged in a straight line, distance to hind margin of vertex about twice OD. Antenna long, reaching behind hind margin of tegulae (Fig. 1 D). Scape tesselate, dull, nearly as long as following three AS together, with dense punctation on ventral side. AS 3 short, about as long as broad (Fig. 6 B). AS 4 nearly twice as long as broad, 1.5 times longer than AS 3. Further AS distinctly longer than broad. Margins of AS 4 – AS 13 convex anteriorly, concave posteriorly in dorsal view, AS 4 – AS 12 therefore distally nodiform along posterior margin (Fig. 6 B). Mesoscutum shiny, with large and dense punctation. Scutellum wrinkled, caused by honeycombed and coarse punctation, with a broad lamellate, longitudinal keel in the middle. Lateral parts of scutellum with two long backward curving spines. Propodeum strongly tesselate, dull with coarse wrinkles basally and two smooth oval maculations in the middle. Mesepisternum strongly tesselate, dull, with large and dense punctation. Lateral part of propodeum tesselate, dull with coarse punctation. Forewing not papillate, hind wing with only few weak papillae distally. Femur of middle and hind leg thickened, convex on outer side, slightly concave on inner side. Hind tibia thickened, apically broadened. Inner spur of hind tibia distinctly curved, apex truncate, ventrally curved. Hind basitarsus slightly concave to flattened dorsally and with a broad distinct groove ventrally. All T shiny to weakly dull, with small punctation (= 1). Apical margin of T 1 – T 4 straight to slightly convex, apical margin of T 5 and T 6 broadly concave in the middle. T 7 with distinct, triangular incision apically, apex therefore two-cornered. S 1 – S 5 smooth and shiny, with dense punctation on disc and sparse punctation on marginal zone. Apical margin of S 1 – S 5 with broad, concave incision in the middle. S 6 triangular, weakly dull, with dense, small punctation. Apical part of S 7 triangular, with small incision on apex (Fig. 7 A). S 8 with distinct incision apically (Fig. 7 B). Integument colour. Galea chestnut brown with dark blackish brown region in the middle. Glossa and PLB yellowish brown. Mandible dark reddish brown to black. All other parts of head including both sides of antenna black. Thorax black, except tegula (brownish transparent) and distal parts of tarsi (blackish brown). claws bright yellowish brown basally to dark reddish brown apically. Spurs dark brown to black. T 1 – T 6 black basally, dark amber transparent on marginal zone. T 7 black to blackish brown. S 1 – S 5 black basally, amber transparent apically. S 6 dark brown to amber transparent. S 7 – S 8 transparently amber. Pubescence (Fig. 1 D). Galea bare, with only few, tiny hairs basally. Mandible with row of long yellowish grey hairs along ventral margin and short feathered hairs basally on outer surface. Labrum with dense pubescence of short, feathery grey hairs, intermixed with long, simple, yellowish grey hairs. Clypeus and POA, as well as, SCA with yellowish grey pubescence of short, feathery hairs, intermixed with long, simple to branched hairs. Frons, vertex, occiput and GA with long, branched, yellowish orange pubescence, sometimes intermixed with short feathery hairs. Scape and pedicel with short, yellowish grey pubescence, AS 3 with very short and dense hairs apically. Other segments nearly bare. Surface of compound eyes with single sparse microtricha. Mesoscutum and scutellum with yellowish orange to fox-red pubescence of long, branched hairs. Mesepisternum and lateral part of propodeum with yellowish grey to bright grey pubescence of long branched hairs. Tegula with short yellowish grey hairs. Dorsal and ventral surface of forewing with short, blackish brown setae, being most dense distally. Femur of fore to middle leg with medium long, grey to yellowish grey, branched hairs. Tibia of all legs as well as hindfemur with short, yellow, feathery hairs. Tarsi with thin yellow pubescence of simple hairs dorsally and dense strong, brown hairs ventrally (especially basitarsi). All T usually covered with short, fox-red, feathery hairs, intermixed with few long to short simple hairs in the same colour basally and laterally. S 1 – S 5 with thin yellow transparent pubescence of long simple hairs basally and single short, branched hairs on marginal zone. Ventral surface of apical part of S 7 with stiff, short setae laterally (Fig. 7 A). S 8 completely bare (Fig. 7 B). Male genitalia (Fig. 8 A). Apical part of gonostylus with short hairs on inner side and apex. Basal part of gonostylus with a dense brush of short hairs on inner side and rectangular process dorsally. Rectangular process with long hairs along dorsal and apical margins. Penis valve with two rectangular processes laterally. Female. BL: 10.5 mm. FWL: 8.2 mm. Structure. Head oval, about 1.3 times broader than long. Inner margin of compound eyes divergent as in male. Proboscis short, similar to male. Galea in repose reaching fore coxa. Clypeus broad, about 1.7 times broader than long. Other parts of head similar to male. Antenna rather long, reaching middle of tegula. Length and structure of AS similar to male, except AS 4 – AS 12 is straight along posterior margin in dorsal view, not nodiform as in male. Structure of thorax similar to male but spines of scutellum distinctly shorter. Fore wing apically not papillate, with numerous setae instead, hind wing with only few weak papillae distally. Middle and hind leg more slender, especially femur and tibia not thickened as in male. Inner hind tibial spur straight, not curved as in male. Basitarsus of hind leg regularly rounded, without distinct groove ventrally like male. All T similar to male but apical margin of T 5 convex. Pygidial plate retracted, therefore not visible. All S similar to male. Apical margin of S 2 – S 4 medially concave, S 5 convex. S 6 triangular. Integument colour. Colour of proboscis, mandibles and head similar to male. Scape and pedicel chestnut brown beneath. AS 3 – AS 12 dark brown ventrally, blackish brown dorsally. Thorax black. Tegula brownish transparent. Legs chestnut brown to dark brown. Claws bright yellowish brown basally, blackish brown apically. Spurs dark brown. Colouration of metasoma similar to male. Pubescence (Fig. 1 C). Pubescence of body as in male, but no microtricha on compound eyes visible.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E4A8170FF051BB628C0FE8F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. T. heinzi n. sp. is similar to T. hoozana Strand and T. nepalensis Lieftinck, from which it easily can be distinguished by the following characters (character states of T. hoozana and T. nepalensis in parentheses): absence of numerous distinct papillae on the apical part of forewings in both sexes, with dark setae instead (forewing strongly papillate, setae absent); male antenna long, reaching behind hind margin of tegula, AS as in Fig. 6 B (short, reaching only front margin of tegula, AS as in Fig. 6 C); inner spur of male hind tibia distinctly curved (more or less straight); distinct ventral groove on basal part of male basitarsus of hind leg developed (basitarsus of male hind leg entire, without ventral groove); S 7 (Fig. 7 A) of male, with strong lateral setae ventrally (S 7 (T. hoozana: Fig. 7 C) with long, thin lateral setae ventrally); male genitalia as in Fig. 8 A (as in Fig. 8 B, T. hoozana only). The absence of papillae on forewing as well as the bristle-like setae on the ventral surface of S 7 are unique features within this genus. The non-papillate forewing is a unique feature within the Melectini.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E4A8170FF051BB628C0FE8F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named heinzi in honour of my beloved father, Heinz Dubitzky, to whom I am forever grateful for his wonderful support of me and my studies, as well as for inspiring my interests in biology and the beauty of nature, in general.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E4A8170FF051BB628C0FE8F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. T. heinzi sp. n. is currently known only from the surroundings of the medium altitude TESRI station near Tengchi (Kaohsiung Hsien), Meifeng (Nantou Hsien) and Taipingshan (Ilan Hsien). The seasonal / altitudinal distribution of this species is illustrated in Fig. 10.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E4A8170FF051BB628C0FE8F.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The males of T. heinzi sp. n. collected by the author were exclusively found at flowers of Torenia concolor in close association with Habropoda christineae sp. n. The fact that this was the only species of Habropoda and Tetralonioidella found at the same time and locality undoubtedly indicates a host-cleptoparasite relationship between these two species. This is also supported by the convergent seasonal and altitudinal distribution pattern (Figs 9, 10) of both species.	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
DA670D5F2E4A8170FF051BB628C0FE8F.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, ♂, TAIWAN: Meifeng, ca. 2150 m, Nantou Hsien, Malaise trap, VIII. 1984, leg. K. S. Lin & K. C. Chou (TARI). Paratypes, 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀, TAIWAN: 2 ♂, Tengchi, near Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute (TESRI), ca. 1600 m, 23 ° 07`N / 120 ° 47`E, 6. VII. 2000, leg. A. Dubitzky (CAD); 1 ♂, same data as holotype (TARI); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Taiheizan (= Taipingshan today), 30. VII. 1935 (♂), 13. VIII. 1935 (♀) (TARI, ZSM).	en	Dubitzky, Andreas (2007): Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Zootaxa 1483 (1): 41-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1483.1.3, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1483.1.3
