identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
D7324026FFF2FFC292ACFDCBFA317818.text	D7324026FFF2FFC292ACFDCBFA317818.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Polystichum pseudodangii Li Bing Zhang, N. T. Lu & Liang Zhang 2023	<div><p>Polystichum pseudodangii Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu &amp; Liang Zhang, sp. nov. (Fig. 1).</p><p>Type:— VIETNAM. Ha Giang Province: Quan Ba District, Nghia Thuan Commune, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.928856&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.132614" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.928856/lat 23.132614)">Bat Dai Son Nature Reserve</a>, elev. ca. 1260 m, 23° 7’57.41” N, 104°55’43.89” E, 10 December 2013, limestone mountain, Li Bing Zhang, Liang Zhang &amp; Ngan T. Lu 6891 (holotype VNMN!; isotypes CDBI!, MO!) .</p><p>Diagnosis:— This species is most similar to Polystichum dangii P.S.Wang in Wang &amp; Wang (2001: 531) in having oblong and coriaceous pinnae with entire margins and rounded apex and sori close to pinna margin, but the former has blackish petiole scales, longer frond (up to 38 cm), pinnae attached at 70° (–90°) angles to rachis, more pairs of pinnae (22–29 pairs) per lamina, auriculate pinnae, and sori above the midrib up to 10 pieces, whereas the latter has brown petiole scales, shorter frond (up to 22 cm), pinnae attached at 120° (–140°) angles to rachis, fewer pairs of pinnae (5–21 pairs) per lamina, exauriculate pinnae, and sori above the midrib up to 4 pieces.</p><p>Plants medium-sized, evergreen, 23–30 cm tall. Rhizomes erect, ca. 1 cm in diam.; roots blackish when dried, up to 15 cm long, ca. 0.4 mm in diam. Fronds 11–15 per rhizome; stipe brown, 4–11 cm long, ca. 0.7 mm in diam., basal stipe scales brown, lanceolate (or ovate-lanceolate), 1.5–1.7 × 6.0–8.0 mm, thin papery, brown, margins entire, apex acuminate, twisted in the margins; distal petiole scales subulate, lanceolate, 0.3–0.7 × 0.8–5.0 mm, membranous, margins irregular dentate, apex long-acuminate. Laminae 1-pinnate, lanceolate, 2.8–3.5 × 17–27 cm, apex acuminate; rachises ca. 1 mm in diam., stramineous, adaxially sulcate, sparsely scaly; abaxially densely scaly; scales appressed, subulate with rounded base, brown to light brown at the base, dark brown at the apices, long acuminate, margin dentate at base, irregular dentate at distal part. Pinnae in 22–29 pairs, alternate, or sometimes opposite at base, attached at 70° (–90°) angles to rachis, separate or overlapped by auriculate, rarely imbricate, 0.7–1.3 cm distant (from attached point), acroscopic blunt auriculate; basal pinnae broadly oblong to obliquely oblong, 0.6–1.0 × 1.1–1.5 mm, sessile, 2 basal pairs up to 1.3 cm apart, apices of obtuse, sometimes obtuse-rounded, broadly acute, bases obviously asymmetrical, acroscopic base with auricles, apex of auricles acute, margin entire; middle pinnae longest, oblong to slightly oblong, 0.4–0.7 × 1.2–1.5 cm, sessile, bases acute to obtuse, margins entire, apices as basal pinnae; adaxially glabrous, abaxially sparsely covered with filiform, light brown microscales; frond texture leathery; venation distinct abaxially, slightly distinct adaxially; lateral veins nearly reaching pinna margin, pinnate, lateral veins simple. Sori small, often on distal part of pinnae, lower pinnae often not seen sori, terminal on lateral veinlets, 0.75–0.95 mm in diam., close to pinna margin, 0–10 on acroscopic side and 0–4 on basiscopic side, centers ca. 1 mm apart from one another; indusia thick, brown, small, repand, often evanescent.</p><p>Etymology: —From the Latin prefix, pseudo, false, and dangii, referring to the similarities between the new species and Polystichum dangii .</p><p>Distribution:— This species is currently found only in Ha Giang Province, northern Vietnam. It is locally quite common in Ha Giang Province. It is not found in the neighboring Chinese side of the mountains.</p><p>Notes: — We collected Polystichum pseudodangii in 2013 for the first time and we reported it as “ P. dangii ” (Lu et al. 2014a) based on the leathery lamina texture, entire pinnae, and adjacent distributions of the two species [northern Vietnam and southern China (Guangxi and northern Guizhou); Zhang &amp; Barrington 2013]. There are only a few species in P. sect. Haplopolystichum Tagawa (1940: 122) with leathery lamina and entire pinnae. However, our unpublished subsequent molecular work shows that the two are not even closely related.</p><p>Additional materials examined (paratypes): — VIETNAM. Ha Giang Province: Quan Ba District, Bat Dai Son Commune, Sa Phin Village, Bat Dai Son Nature Reverse, limestone mountain, 05 June 2021, N. T . Lu 07-HG2021 (VNMN!); Nghia Thuan Commune, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.92889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.1325" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.92889/lat 23.1325)">Bat Dai Son Nature Reserve</a>, 23°07’57’’ N, 104°55’44’’ E, elev. ca. 1250 m, in limestone crevices, 10 December 2013, Li Bing Zhang, Liang Zhang &amp; Ngan T . Lu 6877 (CDBI!, MO!, VNMN!) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D7324026FFF2FFC292ACFDCBFA317818	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lu, Ngan Thi;Zhang, Liang;Thanh, Nguyen Trung;Toan, Le Chi;Zhang, Li-Bing	Lu, Ngan Thi, Zhang, Liang, Thanh, Nguyen Trung, Toan, Le Chi, Zhang, Li-Bing (2023): Three new species and one new record of the fern genus Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) from Vietnam. Phytotaxa 607 (1): 85-94, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.607.1.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.607.1.7
D7324026FFF1FFC792ACF9E6FE3F7416.text	D7324026FFF1FFC792ACF9E6FE3F7416.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Polystichum unicum Li Bing Zhang, N. T. Lu & Liang Zhang 2023	<div><p>Polystichum unicum Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu &amp; Liang Zhang, sp. nov. (Fig. 2).</p><p>Type:— VIETNAM. Ha Giang Province: Vi Xuyen District, Tung Ba Commune, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.12972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.844444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.12972/lat 22.844444)">Du Gia National Park</a> (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.12972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.844444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.12972/lat 22.844444)">Khau Ca Nature Reserve</a>), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.12972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.844444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.12972/lat 22.844444)">Hom Mountain</a>, 22°50’40’’N, 105°07’47’’E, elev. ca. 1150 m, at the top of a limestone mountain, 13 December 2013, Li Bing Zhang, Liang Zhang &amp; Ngan T. Lu 6933 (holotype VNMN!; isotypes CDBI!, MO!)</p><p>Diagnosis:— This is a very distinct species and does not seem to be similar to any species known so far in having the combination of crenulate pinna margins, distal basiscopic pinna margins forming a ca. 140° angle with the rachis, acute pinna apex, and auricles overlapping the rachis.</p><p>Plants medium-sized, evergreen, 23–27 cm tall. Rhizomes erect, ca. 1 cm in diam., scales similar to those of the stipe base, but softer, crushed; roots blackish when dried, up to 12 cm long, ca. 0.3 mm in diam., densely covered with red iridescent hairs. Fronds in clusters but few, 5 or more per rhizome; stipe brown, 7–9 cm long, ca. 0.6 mm in diam., scales subulate, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 0.5–3.0 × 0.4–0.8 mm, brown-blackish on abaxial side, glossy-blackish on adaxial side, thick papery, margins entire, often light brown, apex acuminate or long twisted; distal petiole scales long subulate, narrow lanceolate, 0.3–0.5 × 1.2–3.2 mm, thick membranous, margins subentire to irregular dentate, apex long-acuminate. Laminae 1-pinnate, lanceolate, 2.7–3.7 × 15–20 cm, apex long acuminate; rachises ca. 1 mm in diam., stramineous, adaxially sulcate, sparsely scaly, abaxially densely scaly; scales appressed, brown, subulate with rounded base, thick membranous, long acuminate, up to 2 mm long, margins dentate at base, irregular sparsely dentate at distal part. Pinnae ca. 22 pairs, alternate, distal basiscopic margins forming a ca. 140° angle with rachis, proximal margins attached at 75° (–90°) angles to rachis, separate, 0.6–1.1 cm distant (from attached point), acroscopic auriculate; basal pinnae obliquely oblong, 0.5–1.2 × 2.0–6.0 mm, short stalked, apices acute, sometimes obtuse, bases obviously asymmetrical, acroscopic base with deltate or semicircular auricles, and proximal margins of auricles often overlapping rachis, margins both sides toothed, teeth mostly long spinulose apically; middle pinnae largest, oblong to obliquely oblong, 0.4–0.7 × 1.3–2.5 cm, short stalked, bases acute to obtuse, margins long spinulose, apices acute; adaxially glabrous, abaxially sparsely covered with appressed, subulate, filiform, light brown microscales; frond thickly papery texture; venation distinct abaxially, slightly distinct adaxially, lateral veins simple, nearly reaching pinna margin. Sori small, often on distal part of pinnae, lower pinnae not seen sori, often broken with debris on the leaves, terminal on shorter veinlets, 0.5–0.8 mm in diam., close to pinna margin than midvein, 0–6 on acroscopic side and 0–3 on basiscopic side, centers ca. 1 mm apart from one another; indusia not seen.</p><p>Etymology:— From the Latin unicum, unique, referring the unique morphology of the new species in the genus.</p><p>Distribution:— This species is currently found only in Ha Giang Province, northern Vietnam.</p><p>Notes:— Polystichum unicum is somehow similar to P. rectum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han &amp; Yan Liu in Han et al. (2018: 163) in having crenulate acroscopic pinna margins, but the former has acute pinna apex, distal basiscopic pinna margins forming a ca. 140° angle with the rachis, and auricles overlapping the rachis, whereas the latter has rounded pinna apex, basiscopic distal pinna margins forming a (60–)70–90° angle with rachis, and auricles not overlapping the rachis. In addition, the new species occurs in an open mountain top with an elevation of ca. 1150 m, whereas the latter grows in a limestone cave in southern Yunnan, China, with an elevation of 2000 m.</p><p>Polystichum unicum has auricles that overlap the rachis, which is less common (18 out of 48 species) than auricles that parallel the rachis.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D7324026FFF1FFC792ACF9E6FE3F7416	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lu, Ngan Thi;Zhang, Liang;Thanh, Nguyen Trung;Toan, Le Chi;Zhang, Li-Bing	Lu, Ngan Thi, Zhang, Liang, Thanh, Nguyen Trung, Toan, Le Chi, Zhang, Li-Bing (2023): Three new species and one new record of the fern genus Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) from Vietnam. Phytotaxa 607 (1): 85-94, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.607.1.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.607.1.7
D7324026FFF7FFC692ACFB99FB1E7769.text	D7324026FFF7FFC692ACFB99FB1E7769.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Polystichum xuansonense Li Bing Zhang, N. T. Lu & Liang Zhang 2023	<div><p>Polystichum xuansonense Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu &amp; Liang Zhang, sp. nov. (Figs. 3 &amp; 4).</p><p>Type:— VIETNAM. Phu Tho Province: Tan Son District, Xuan Son Commune, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.9281&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.132809" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.9281/lat 21.132809)">Xuan Son National Park</a>, limestone mountain, 21° 7’58.11” N, 104°55’41.16” E, elev. ca. 345 m, 27 November 2013, Li Bing Zhang, Liang Zhang &amp; Ngan T. Lu 6565 (holotype VNMN!; isotypes CDBI!, MO) .</p><p>Diagnosis:— This species is somewhat similar to Polystichum excellens Ching (1958: 234) in having oblong-lanceolate pinnae, but the former has middle pinnae with undulate to bluntly dentate acroscopic margins, proximal margins of pinnae parallel to or overlapping the rachis, and rounded pinna apex, whereas the latter has middle pinnae with low obtuse teeth or nearly repand acroscopic margins, proximal margins of pinnae forming an angle of 15–30° with the rachis, and acute pinna apex.</p><p>Plants medium-sized, evergreen, (13–) 35–45 cm tall. Rhizomes erect, ca. 1.5 cm long, ca. 1.2 cm in diam.; roots brown blackish when dried, up to 20 cm long, ca. 0.5 mm in diam. Fronds 9–14 per rhizome, 10–43 cm; stipe brown, 4.5–10 cm long, ca. 1.0 mm in diam., basal stipe scales brown, membranous, lanceolate-ovate, 0.2–1.1 × 2.2–4.1 mm, margins entire, apex short acuminate; distal petiole scales lanceolate, subulate, 0.2–0.5 × 1.0– 2.12 mm, membranous, margins subentire to irregular dentate, apex long-acuminate or caudate. Laminae 1-pinnate, linear-lanceolate, 18–35 cm long, 2.3–4.5 cm wide, apex acuminate; rachises ca. 1 mm in diam., stramineous, adaxially sulcate; abaxially and adaxially with subulate scales, membranous, light brown, margins long outward, apex long-caudate. Pinnae 17–32 pairs, alternate, attached at 70° (–90°) angles to rachis, separate from each other, 0.6–1.2 cm distant (between two adjacent points), acroscopic auriculate; basalmost pinnae rhombic-ovate, 0.5–1.2 × 2.0–6.0 mm, shortly stalked, 2 basal pairs ca. 0.5 mm apart, apices acute or obtuse, bases obviously asymmetrical, acroscopic margins blunt dentate, basiscopic margins entire; middle pinnae largest, oblong-lanceolate, 0.4–0.7 × 1.3–2.5 cm, shortly stalked, bases cuneate, proximal margins parallel to or overlapping the rachis, acroscopic margins undulate to bluntly dentate, basiscopic margins entire or slightly dentate upward, apices rounded; adaxially glabrous, abaxially sparsely covered with linear light brown microscales; frond texture papery; venation pinnate, distinct abaxially, slightly distinct adaxially, lateral veins nearly reaching pinna margin. Sori small, terminal on lateral veins of fertile pinnae, 1.1–1.4 mm in diam., closer to margins than to midrib, 1–12 on acroscopic side and 1–5 on basiscopic side, centers ca. 2 mm apart from one another; indusia present, light brown, entire.</p><p>Etymology:— The species epithet is from Xuan Son, the name of the national park in northern Vietnam, where the new species was discovered.</p><p>Distribution:— This species is currently known to be endemic to the type location.</p><p>Notes:—Both Polystichum xuansonense and P. excellens occur in northern Vietnam and the latter is common in limestone areas in Cao Bang, Ha Giang, and Hoa Binh provinces (Lu et al. 2014a) but not found in Phu Tho Province where the former was discovered. Polystichum xuansonense is quite rare and was found only in one small location in relatively dry forest with about 30 individuals. It might occur elsewhere and more explorations are needed.</p><p>Our unpublished DNA data shows that P. xuansonense might be closely related to P. dielsii Christ (1906: 238), but the two are morphologically quite different from each other: P. xuansonense has oblong-lanceolate pinnae, whereas P. dielsii has oblong pinnae. The latter occurs in China and Vietnam (Zhang &amp; Barrington 2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D7324026FFF7FFC692ACFB99FB1E7769	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lu, Ngan Thi;Zhang, Liang;Thanh, Nguyen Trung;Toan, Le Chi;Zhang, Li-Bing	Lu, Ngan Thi, Zhang, Liang, Thanh, Nguyen Trung, Toan, Le Chi, Zhang, Li-Bing (2023): Three new species and one new record of the fern genus Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) from Vietnam. Phytotaxa 607 (1): 85-94, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.607.1.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.607.1.7
D7324026FFF5FFC492ACF9ABFC887267.text	D7324026FFF5FFC492ACF9ABFC887267.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Polystichum omeiense C. Christensen 1906	<div><p>Polystichum omeiense C. Christensen (1906: 67), cons. prop. (Fig. 5.)</p><p>Basionym: — Aspidium caruifolium Baker (1888: 228) ≡ Polystichum caruifolium (Baker) Diels (1900: 194) .</p><p>TYPE:— CHINA. Sichuan province: Mt. Emei ( Mount Omei), 3000–8000 ft, December 1887, E. Faber 1027 (holotype K001040166!; isotypes MO-255603!, NY00128113!) .</p><p>Main characters (based on N.T.Lu 35_HG2021): Petiole scales not appressed; lamina tripinnate, narrowly elliptic or broadly elliptic-lanceolate, middle or upward broadest; pinnae approximate, about 28 pairs, pinnae below narrowed gradually toward lamina base; ultimate lobes linear; rachis scales ovate or lanceolate.</p><p>Notes:— This species is easily identifiable, as there are only two species in Polystichum with linear ultimate lobes: P. alcicorne (Baker 1888: 229) Diels (1900: 194) and P. omeiense . These linear-leaved species were both described in 1888 from China. The Vietnamese material of P. omeiense was not collected until 2021. It was first discovered in the Bat Dai Son’s Cave where there were only few individuals. It’s conservation in Vietnam needs attention.</p><p>Polystichum omeiense is a member of P. sect. Sphaenopolystichum Ching ex W.M.Chu &amp; Z.R.He in Kung et al. (2001: 223), a section with 13 species known so far (Zhang &amp; Barrington 2013, Wang et al. 2022). There are three members in Vietnam: P. auriculum Ching (1949: 309), P. omeiense, and P. tonkinense (Christ in Christ &amp; Billet 1898: 268) W.M.Chu &amp; Z.R.He in Kung et al. (2001: 169).</p><p>The name Polystichum omeiense was proposed for conservation against P. caruifolium in our earlier study (Lu et al. 2017).</p><p>Additional specimens examined:— VIETNAM. Ha Giang Province: Dong Van District, Ta Lung commune, Ha Chua La Village, inside a cave, June 2021, Ngan T. Lu 35_HG2021 (VNMN!). CHINA. Sichuan Province: Emei mountain, 02 September, 2014, Xiao-Jie Li s.n. (CSH05680!).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D7324026FFF5FFC492ACF9ABFC887267	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lu, Ngan Thi;Zhang, Liang;Thanh, Nguyen Trung;Toan, Le Chi;Zhang, Li-Bing	Lu, Ngan Thi, Zhang, Liang, Thanh, Nguyen Trung, Toan, Le Chi, Zhang, Li-Bing (2023): Three new species and one new record of the fern genus Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) from Vietnam. Phytotaxa 607 (1): 85-94, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.607.1.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.607.1.7
