identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
502C50B320EF56B4B91A8C3B5B7FC995.text	502C50B320EF56B4B91A8C3B5B7FC995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acentrella Bengtsson 1912	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 1.  Acentrella Bengtsson, 1912</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>1) Very reduced paracercus; 2) stocky mouthparts; 3) head compressed dorsoventrally; 4) presence of a complete row of long thin setae on the dorsal margin of tibia; 5) villopore present on the ventral margin of fore femora.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> In the past,  Acentrella was considered as a subgenus of  Baetis (  Müller-Liebenau 1969). Confusions with species with reduced paracercus (  Baetis pavidus or the subgenus  Baetis Patites ) can be avoided by the examination of the mouthparts, especially of the mandibles as well as the distal margin of the tergites. The abdominal tergites also present a characteristic dark brown pattern (Fig. 3A). </p>
            <p> Two species of  Acentrella are reported in the Maghreb:  Acentrella cf. sinaica Bogoescu, 1931 and  Acentrella almohades Alba-Tercedor &amp; El-Alami, 1999.  Acentrella sinaica was originally described from Romania, then reported from several countries from Central and South Europe. This species is not abundant but widely distributed in North Algeria and North-West Tunisia. Maghrebian populations seem morphologically very similar to those from central Europe. However, molecular preliminary results suggest that the Maghreb populations most probably belong to a new undescribed species (Benhadji et al. 2020).  Acentrella almohades is originally described from the Rif mountains and middle Atlas as well as from south-west of Spain. The two species do not seem to co-occur. They can be separated by the length of the setae of the dorsal margin of femora (longer in  A. cf. sinaica than in  A. almohades ) and the number of regular rows of stout setae at apex of paraglossa (three rows in  A. cf. sinaica , four rows in  A. almohades ) (Alba-Tercedor and El-Alami 1999). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/502C50B320EF56B4B91A8C3B5B7FC995	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
40FA990841FF56B289059090862C031A.text	40FA990841FF56B289059090862C031A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alainites Waltz & McCafferty 1994	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 2.  Alainites Waltz &amp; McCafferty, 1994</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>1) Antennae located close together with a well-developed carina in between; 2) paraproct with unique elongate prolongation on distal margin; 3) mouthparts in a hypognathous position giving to the body a characteristic curved posture in lateral view; 4) right mandible with a bifid prostheca.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The position of the antenna and the general posture in lateral view (Fig. 3C) easily separate  Alainites and  Nigrobaetis from other genera in the Maghreb. The prolongation of the distal margin of paraproct (Fig. 2K) and the bifid prostheca (Fig. 2A) unambiguously separate  Alainites from all the other Maghreb genera including  Nigrobaetis . </p>
            <p> Three species of  Alainites are reported in the Maghreb:  Alainites cf. muticus (Linnaeus, 1758),  Alainites oukaimeden (Thomas &amp; Sartori, 1992) (Fig. 3B) and  Alainites sadati Thomas, 1994 (Fig. 3C).  Alainites oukaimeden and  A. sadati are endemic to the Maghreb and present allopatric distribution:  A. sadati is widely distributed in north Algeria and north Tunisia (Zrelli et al. 2012), while  A. oukaimeden is only reported from the High Atlas, Morocco (Thomas et al. 1992; El Alami et al. 2022a). The two endemic species have six pairs of gills; they can be only separated by intricate characters such as the reticulation of the surface of tergites and mandibles, the shape of the spines of distal margin of tergite IV and the number of strong setae on the dorsal margin of fore femora. A still undescribed new species, closely related to the West Palaearctic species  Alainites muticus , with seven pairs of gills, is present in Maghreb but with a restricted distribution limited to northern Morocco (El Alami et al. 2022a). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/40FA990841FF56B289059090862C031A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
1BD9064457345F43AA64E4981068ADC8.text	1BD9064457345F43AA64E4981068ADC8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Baetis (Baetis)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 3.1  Baetis (Baetis)</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>1) Canines of the right and left mandibles not fused and not forming a blade-like tooth; 2) costal margin of gills serrated but without spine-like setae; 3) distal margin of tergites with triangular or quadrangular spines but without spatulas.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> As for the genus, the nominal subgenus  Baetis Baetis is mostly defined by the absence of unique characters (mouthparts and legs not modified).  Baetis (Baetis) pavidus Grandi, 1949 (Fig. 3E), described from Italy, is by far the most common species of  Baetidae in lower and middle section of streams and rivers. The Maghreb populations are morphologically extremely close to European ones. Moreover, from a genetic point of view, they belong to the same species as populations from Spain and South of France (Benhadji et al. 2020). No sequences are, for the moment, available from continental Italy. This species seems to be rare and restricted in Italy and South of France, while it is the most successful species in the Maghreb. It can be recognised by the very short paracercus and the distal margin of the tergites with quadrangular spines. Presence of other species of the subgenus  Baetis Baetis is certain at least in Morocco, but the species identification remains problematic.  Baetis (Baetis) fuscatus (Linnaeus, 1760),  Baetis (Baetis) meridionalis Ikonomov, 1954, and  Baetis (Baetis) nigrescens Navás , 1932 were reported from Morocco (Thomas 1998; El Alami et al. 2000); but it remains unclear if they really occur in this region or if these reports represent in fact either new species or more recently described species. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1BD9064457345F43AA64E4981068ADC8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
FA55AA4ED0FD5397BFD13280891557E3.text	FA55AA4ED0FD5397BFD13280891557E3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Baetis (Patites) Thomas & Dia 2000	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 3.2  Baetis (Patites) Thomas &amp; Dia, 2000</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>1) paracercus reduced to a few segments; 2) labrum rectangular with a row of numerous setae parallel to the distal margin; 3) canines of the right and left mandibles fused to form a blade-like tooth; 4) distal margin of tergite IV with triangular spines.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The subgenus  Baetis Patites was initially established for  Baetis melanonyx and related species (Thomas and Dia 2000). The present concept of the subgenus encompasses all the species previously assigned to the alpinus species group (sensu  Müller-Liebenau 1969), despite most of the species were never formally transferred to this subgenus. This subgenus encompasses at least three species in the Maghreb:  Baetis (Patites) berberus Thomas, 1986,  Baetis (Patites) maurus Kimmins, 1938, and  Baetis (Patites) punicus Thomas, Boumaiza &amp;  Soldán , 1983. All of them have two dark spots on each abdominal tergite (Fig. 3D).  Baetis (Patites) maurus is the only species of  Baetis s. l. with two rows of denticles on all claws (  Soldán and Thomas 1983a; Thomas et al. 1983). This character allows an easy and unambiguous identification of the species in the Maghreb.  Baetis (Patites) berberus and  Baetis (Patites) punicus are much more difficult to identify with confidence; especially as the preliminary molecular results indicate that  Patites is much more diversified than expected and new sibling species are expected (Murria et al. 2017; Benhadji et al. 2020). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA55AA4ED0FD5397BFD13280891557E3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
09D68C6324705CF78AAE5DF82F0F33FF.text	09D68C6324705CF78AAE5DF82F0F33FF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Baetis (Rhodobaetis) Jacob 2003	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 3.3  Baetis (Rhodobaetis) Jacob, 2003</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>1) Gills with spine-like setae along the costal margin; 2) Distal margin of tergites with spatulas in addition to triangular spines; 3) paracercus length 2/3 of cerci.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The subgenus  Baetis Rhodobaetis is widely distributed in the Maghreb where it colonizes all types of running waters. Colouration, size, setation of legs and degree of development of the spine-like setae on the gills are highly variable, but may also represent plasticity and intraspecific variations. Three species of  Baetis Rhodobaetis are reported from Maghreb with certainty:  Baetis (Rhodobaetis) atlanticus Soldán &amp; Godunko, 2006 (Fig. 4A),  Baetis (Rhodobaetis) chelif Soldán , Godunko &amp; Thomas, 2005 and  Baetis (Rhodobaetis) sinespinosus Soldán &amp; Thomas, 1983. Reports of  Baetis (Rhodobaetis) rhodani (Pictet, 1843) in Maghreb probably concern misidentification of one of the three species mentioned above. In most cases,  B. (R.) rhodani must be considered sensu lato and by consequence as equivalent to  Rhodobaetis . Distinction of the three species is rather difficult as important intraspecific variations have been found at least in  B. (R.) atlanticus . Only two reliable characters allow the separation of the three species:  B. (R.) sinespinosus has no scale at the tip of maxillary palp and four rows of setae at apex of paraglossae;  B. (R.) atlanticus and  B. (R.) chelif have one scale at the tip of maxillary palp and differ by number of rows at the apex of paraglossae (three in  B. (R.) atlanticus and four in  B. (R.) chelif ) (  Soldán and Thomas 1983a;  Soldán et al. 2005;  Soldán and Godunko 2006). The three species are at least partially sympatric and can be collected in the same site. Specific identification is therefore very difficult. It requires high expertise and slides preparation; it should be also corroborated by molecular analysis. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/09D68C6324705CF78AAE5DF82F0F33FF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
E5C0327484BC5E3A941C8F3273417CB0.text	E5C0327484BC5E3A941C8F3273417CB0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Baetis Leach 1815	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 3.  Baetis Leach, 1815</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> 1) Claw short generally with a single row of restricted number of denticles (exception  B. maurus with two rows of denticles); 2) paracercus reduced or at most equal to 2/3 of the cerci; 3) presence of a villopore on the ventral margin of fore femora; 4) mouthparts normally developed. </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Except for the presence of the villopore (which is also present in  Acentrella and  Labiobaetis ), the genus  Baetis is mainly defined by the absence of characters. The genus encompasses three subgenera in the Maghreb. These subgenera are relatively easy to recognize and must be considered as the suitable identification level to reach. Except for a few cases, species identification is rather difficult and requires expertise. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E5C0327484BC5E3A941C8F3273417CB0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
0E232ED670BE55B2A0A363F397638AC9.text	0E232ED670BE55B2A0A363F397638AC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Centroptilum Eaton 1869	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 4.  Centroptilum Eaton, 1869</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>1) Both mandibles with a row of abundant setae between prostheca and mola; 2) gills present on segment I to VII, all simple and elongated; 3) absence of spines on the lateral margin of abdominal segments; 4) paracercus subequal in length to cerci.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> All the specimens we checked from the North-East of Algeria and North Morocco belong to the two recently described species  Centroptilum alamiae Kaltenbach, Vuataz &amp; Gattolliat, 2022 (Fig. 4B) and  Centroptilum samraouii Kaltenbach, Vuataz &amp; Gattolliat, 2022. Both species are closely related to  Centroptilum luteolum (  Müller , 1776) but clearly different both morphologically and genetically (Kaltenbach et al. 2022). The description of the species  Centroptilum algiricum Eaton, 1899 was based on male and female imagoes collected close to Tizi-Ouzou (Algeria) (Eaton 1899). According to the shape of the hindwing, especially of its apex, this species should be assigned to  Procloeon rather than to  Centroptilum and therefore cannot be considered as the winged stage of one of the two new species of  Centroptilum (Samraoui et al. 2021c). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E232ED670BE55B2A0A363F397638AC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
BB8988B9028758E3873D2B3A1D02ACFC.text	BB8988B9028758E3873D2B3A1D02ACFC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheleocloeon Wuillot & Gillies 1993	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 5.  Cheleocloeon Wuillot &amp; Gillies, 1993</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>1) Claws elongate with two rows of minute denticles; 2) Second segment of the labial palp with a thumb-like process; 3) paracercus subequal to cerci; 4) male with hindwing pads and female without.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The genus  Cheleocloeon is mostly diversified in the Afrotropical region and reaches in the Maghreb its north-western limit.  Cheleocloeon dimorphicum (  Soldán &amp; Thomas, 1985) is the single species of the genus reported from Maghreb (Fig. 4C, D). This endemic species is widespread through this area but seems nowhere abundant (  Soldán and Thomas 1985; Boumaiza and Thomas 1995; Mabrouki et al. 2017; El Alami et al. 2022a). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB8988B9028758E3873D2B3A1D02ACFC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
982677AB154F517BBA1A30C463527C27.text	982677AB154F517BBA1A30C463527C27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cloeon Leach 1815	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 6.  Cloeon Leach, 1815</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>1) Gills I-VI with double lamellae, upper lamellae similar in shape to lower ones and only slightly smaller; 2) legs elongated, claw elongated with two rows of abundant small to medium denticles; 3) labial palp conical and truncated; 4) maxillary palp 3-segmented; 5) paracercus subequal in length to cerci.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Cloeon is the most common and most abundant mayfly genus in still and standing waters all over the world (except in America). It can survive in conditions with high temperature and very low oxygen level.  Cloeon gr. dipterum is a complex of very similar species. In Maghrebian ecological and faunistic surveys, it is generally referred as  Cloeon dipterum (Linneaus, 1761) or  Cloeon cognatum Stephens, 1835 (Boumaiza and Thomas 1995; Thomas 1998; Mabrouki et al. 2017; El Alami et al. 2022a). Recent molecular studies support the presence of six lineages in the West Palearctic and at least one of them is present in the Maghreb (Rutschmann et al. 2014, 2017). This lineage corresponds to  Cloeon peregrinator Gattolliat &amp; Sartori, 2008 (Fig. 4E), a species originally thought to be endemic to Macaronesian archipelago but reported later from Algeria (Gattolliat et al. 2008; Benhadji et al. 2020).  Cloeon gr. dipterum is known to present high plasticity; for example the size of the gills is directly adapted to the concentration of dissolved oxygen (Sweeney et al. 2018). Therefore, for the moment, identification to the species level can only be securely made based on molecular evidence (CO1 barcoding). </p>
            <p> Besides  Cloeon gr dipterum , another species,  Cloeon saharense Soldán &amp; Thomas, 1983, was reported from different localities in intermittent brooks and pools in arid and subarid zones of Algeria (  Soldán and Thomas 1983a). This species should be easily separated from  C. gr. dipterum by the absence of spines on the lateral side of abdominal segments, a character which is unique among  Cloeon . Forewing of female imagoes are hyaline while those of  C. gr. dipterum have costal and subcostal areas with dark brown pattern (  Soldán and Thomas 1983a). Although this species is supposed to be morphologically easily recognisable,  C. saharense has never been reported from the Maghreb since its original description. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/982677AB154F517BBA1A30C463527C27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
DEB13D4FF3E455148D4C0B56B33D1404.text	DEB13D4FF3E455148D4C0B56B33D1404.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge 1987	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 7.  Labiobaetis Novikova &amp; Kluge, 1987</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>1) Claws hooked with one row of well-developed denticles; 2) second segment of the labial palp with a thumb-like process; 3) paracercus 2/3 of cerci.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> All the Maghreb specimens of  Labiobaetis were assigned to the Iberian species  Labiobaetis neglectus (  Navàs , 1913) (Fig. 4F). Originally the species was only described at the imaginal stage. The type material is lost, and the original description is very succinct. The specific attribution of the specimens from Algeria to  L. neglectus was based on rather obscure criteria (  Soldán and Thomas 1983a). In the same publication, the authors provided the first description of the larval stage based on material from Algeria. Subsequent reports of the species only concerned larvae (Zrelli et al. 2016; Mabrouki et al. 2017; Samraoui et al. 2021c; El Alami et al. 2022a), and were only based on the characters depicted by  Soldán and Thomas (1983a). Examination of larvae from the type locality in Spain is a crucial point to confirm or refute the conspecificity of Maghrebian and Iberian populations. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DEB13D4FF3E455148D4C0B56B33D1404	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
6017C9A889FB59F4B1357237C9298FAC.text	6017C9A889FB59F4B1357237C9298FAC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nigrobaetis Novikova & Kluge 1987	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 8.  Nigrobaetis Novikova &amp; Kluge, 1987</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>1) Antennae located close together with a well-developed carina in between; 2) mouthparts in a hypognathous position giving to the body a curved posture in lateral view; 3) right mandible with a simple robust prostheca; 4) paraproct without protuberance.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The position of the antenna and the general posture in lateral view easily separate  Alainites and  Nigrobaetis from other genera in Maghreb. Contrary to  Alainites ,  Nigrobaetis presents unmodified paraproct (Fig. 2J) and prostheca (Fig. 2B). </p>
            <p> Two species of  Nigrobaetis are reported in the Maghreb:  Nigrobaetis numidicus (  Soldán &amp; Thomas, 1983) (Fig. 5A) and  Nigrobaetis rhithralis (  Soldán &amp; Thomas, 1983) (Fig. 5B).  Nigrobaetis rhithralis is widely distributed through the Maghreb from Tunisia to Morocco but is rather restricted and never abundant (El Alami et al. 2000; Godunko et al. 2018). </p>
            <p> Nigrobaetis numidicus was originally described from Oued Chiffa, close to Alger at an altitude of 200m. It was most certainly a very rare species there, as only four specimens were collected (  Soldán and Thomas 1983b). Despite being easily recognizable by the smooth distal margin of abdominal tergites and its peculiar tergal pattern (Fig. 5A), this species was never reported from Algeria since its original description; in Morocco it seems to only occur in a few localities of the Middle Atlas and Rif (Zerrouk et al. 2021; El Alami et al. 2022a). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6017C9A889FB59F4B1357237C9298FAC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
2C2047A4CC7551DE8209436C1A3EBF4E.text	2C2047A4CC7551DE8209436C1A3EBF4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Procloeon Bengtsson 1915	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 9.  Procloeon Bengtsson, 1915</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>1) Gills I-VI with simple or double lamellae, if double, the upper lamella much smaller than lower lamella; 2) legs elongated, claw elongated with two rows of small to minute denticles; 3) labial palp conical and truncated; 4) lateral margin of abdominal segments VII-IX with strong spines; 5) paracercus subequal in length to cerci; 6) cerci with strong spines on the outer margin.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Procloeon stagnicola Soldán &amp; Thomas, 1983 (Fig. 5C) is rather similar to the European species  Procloeon bifidum (Bengtsson, 1912). Old reports of  P. bifidum most certainly refer to  P. stagnicola . This species possesses gills with single lamellae (  Soldán and Thomas 1983a). It is widely distributed in the Maghreb. Besides this endemic species, reports of other species of the genus are more problematic. Reports of  Procloeon pennulatum (Eaton, 1870) are limited to Morocco (Fig. 5D). Within this species, morphological comparison between Maghrebian and Central European specimens was still not performed, and no molecular analyses are available. The conspecificity needs to be confirmed by morphological and molecular evidence; the identification is probably mostly based on presence of hindwings and very long claws.  Procloeon concinnum (Eaton, 1885) was originally described from Portugal and is only known at the imaginal stage: eggs, larvae and subimagoes remain unknown (Bauernfeind and  Soldán 2012). It is unclear which characters allow a reliable assignment of specimens from Morocco to this species, especially at the larval stage (El Bazi et al. 2017; Khadri et al. 2017; Mabrouki et al. 2017; Guellaf et al. 2021). As mentioned above,  Centroptilum algiricum Eaton, 1899 should be assigned to  Procloeon based to the shape of the hindwing, and may be the imaginal stage of one of the known species of  Procloeon (Samraoui et al. 2021c). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2C2047A4CC7551DE8209436C1A3EBF4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
081957620B785214870369C91C9BB479.text	081957620B785214870369C91C9BB479.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Similicloeon Kluge & Novikova 1992	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 10.  Similicloeon Kluge &amp; Novikova, 1992</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>1) Gills I-VI with double lamellae, upper lamella much smaller than lower lamella; 2) legs elongated, claw elongated with two rows of small to minute denticles; 3) labial palp conical and truncated; 4) maxillary palp 2-segmented; 5) paracercus subequal in length to cerci; 6) lateral margin of abdominal segments VII to IX with strong spines; 6) cerci without spines on the outer lateral margin.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Similicloeon present intermediate characters between  Cloeon and  Procloeon ; it may be confused with either of them. It was first considered as a subgenus of  Cloeon and was only recently raised to the generic level (Kluge and Novikova 1992; Kluge 2016).  Similicloeon simile (Eaton, 1870) is the single species of the genus known from the Maghreb (Fig. 5E). No morphological differences or genetic distances were observed between Maghrebian and Central European populations (unpublished data). A restricted part of the reports of  Cloeon sp. may represent misidentification of  S. simile (as in most previous keys,  Similicloeon is not separated from  Cloeon ). This species is rarely reported but seems rather widespread across the region (Boumaiza and Thomas 1995; Khadri et al. 2017; Mabrouki et al. 2017). This species is considered as highly euryhaline (Boumaiza and Thomas 1995). Based on the variety of colonized habitats, Mabrouki et al. (2017) suggested that the genus is probably not monospecific in Morocco; we have no evidence to confirm or refute this hypothesis. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/081957620B785214870369C91C9BB479	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc;Samraoui, Boudjema;Benhadji, Nadhira;Kechemir, Lina;Zrelli, Sonia;El Yaagoubi, Sara;El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami;Sartori, Michel	Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, Samraoui, Boudjema, Benhadji, Nadhira, Kechemir, Lina, Zrelli, Sonia, El Yaagoubi, Sara, El Moutaouakil, Majida El Alami, Sartori, Michel (2023): Baetidae (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in the Maghreb: state of the art, key, and perspectives. ZooKeys 1139: 137-163, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.94586
