identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
655B6A7EF62C5EC785BD3D49E72EDFBB.text	655B6A7EF62C5EC785BD3D49E72EDFBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odorrana bacboensis (Bain, Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov & Ho 2003)	<div><p>Odorrana bacboensis (Bain, Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov &amp; Ho, 2003)</p><p>Chresonymy.</p><p>Rana (Odorrana) bacboensis Bain et al. 2003 .</p><p>Huia bacboensis — Frost et al. 2006.</p><p>Odorrana bacboensis — Chen et al. 2005; Che et al. 2007; Stuart 2008; Wang et al. 2015.</p><p>Common name.</p><p>Tonkin Odorous Frog (Poyarkov et al. 2021).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The taxonomic placement and distribution of O. bacboensis from China has been disputed, with Poyarkov et al. (2021) recommending verification for the presence of this species in China. The type locality for O. bacboensis, based on the original description, is the Khe Moi River, Con Cuong Village, Con Cuong District, Nghe An Province, Vietnam. However, Wang et al. (2015) reported it as a new country record for China with samples collected from Hekou County, Yunnan, and Bainan Village, Napo County, Guangxi, indicating a range extension from northern-central Vietnam to south-eastern Yunnan and the adjacent area in Guangxi Province, China. Molecular analyses recovered these Odorrana samples by Wang et al. (2015) within the true O. bacboensis subclade (BPP = 1; BS = 100) (see clade B) clustering with the paratype sequence (GenBank accession number DQ 650569; voucher FMNH 255611) collected from the type locality Khe Moi, Nghe An, Vietnam, thus supporting the presence of the species in both mainland China and Vietnam.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/655B6A7EF62C5EC785BD3D49E72EDFBB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka;Yang, Shen-Pin;Nguyen, Luan Thanh;Le, Manh Van;Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon;Stuart, Bryan L.;Nguyen, Sang Ngoc;Zuo, An-Ru;Zhang, Ding-Can;Duan, Zheng-Pan;Duan, Pei-Wen;Yu, Zhong-Bin;Wu, Yun-He;Che, Jing	Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Yang, Shen-Pin, Nguyen, Luan Thanh, Le, Manh Van, Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon, Stuart, Bryan L., Nguyen, Sang Ngoc, Zuo, An-Ru, Zhang, Ding-Can, Duan, Zheng-Pan, Duan, Pei-Wen, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Wu, Yun-He, Che, Jing (2025): Unveiling hidden diversity in Odorrana (Anura, Ranidae) with description of a new species from Yingjiang, China and the first national records of Odorrana heatwolei in Thailand and Vietnam. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2337-2356, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.162366
36ED62055D9B5A25A45C72255293F973.text	36ED62055D9B5A25A45C72255293F973.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odorrana fengkaiensis Wang, Lau, Yang, Chen, Liu, Pang, & Liu 2015	<div><p>Odorrana fengkaiensis Wang, Lau, Yang, Chen, Liu, Pang, &amp; Liu, 2015</p><p>Chresonymy.</p><p>Odorrana fengkaiensis Wang et al. 2015 .</p><p>Odorrana fengkaiensis — Pham et al. 2020.</p><p>Common name.</p><p>Fengkai Cascade Frog (Pham et al. 2020)</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Wang et al. (2015) described a distinct lineage, O. fengkaiensis, while citing similarity and a moderate level of mitochondrial sequence divergence (1.9–2.4 %) from O. hainanensis Fei, Ye &amp; Li, 2001 . Although low to moderate genetic distances have been observed to indicate clear species boundaries in some species within Odorrana (e. g. O. jingdongensis and O. yunnanensis) the validity of O. fengkaiensis in respect to some records reported from Vietnam has been questioned (Poyarkov et al. 2021).</p><p>Wang et al. (2015) described O. fengkaiensis, based on the holotype specimen recorded from Heishiding Nature Reserve, Fengkai County, Guangdong Province, China. Pham et al. (2020) reported O. fengkaiensis from north-eastern Vietnam; however, this record was disputed as a likely misidentification with specimens of O. hainanensis by Poyarkov et al. (2021). We utilised sequences directly submitted to GenBank from northern Vietnam as O. bacboensis (GenBank accession numbers KX 893887, voucher IEBR A.2015.83; KX 893888, voucher VFUKH 073 and KX 893909; voucher IEBR 3942). These sequences were recovered within the true O. fengkaiensis subclade containing the paratype sequences with strong node support values (BPP = 1; BS = 100) (see clade B). Odorrana hainanensis was recovered as a closely-related, but distinct lineage from O. fengkaiensis (BPP = 1; BS = 99). However, to fully resolve the evolutionary relationship within these taxa, comprehensive geographic sampling across Vietnam and China, a careful re-examination of the voucher specimens and the use of genome-wide sequence data should be considered in the future.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/36ED62055D9B5A25A45C72255293F973	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka;Yang, Shen-Pin;Nguyen, Luan Thanh;Le, Manh Van;Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon;Stuart, Bryan L.;Nguyen, Sang Ngoc;Zuo, An-Ru;Zhang, Ding-Can;Duan, Zheng-Pan;Duan, Pei-Wen;Yu, Zhong-Bin;Wu, Yun-He;Che, Jing	Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Yang, Shen-Pin, Nguyen, Luan Thanh, Le, Manh Van, Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon, Stuart, Bryan L., Nguyen, Sang Ngoc, Zuo, An-Ru, Zhang, Ding-Can, Duan, Zheng-Pan, Duan, Pei-Wen, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Wu, Yun-He, Che, Jing (2025): Unveiling hidden diversity in Odorrana (Anura, Ranidae) with description of a new species from Yingjiang, China and the first national records of Odorrana heatwolei in Thailand and Vietnam. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2337-2356, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.162366
DFEB683374F85B6EB911A7245F836B6D.text	DFEB683374F85B6EB911A7245F836B6D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odorrana heatwolei (Stuart & Bain 2005)	<div><p>Odorrana heatwolei (Stuart &amp; Bain, 2005)</p><p>Figs 6, 7</p><p>Chresonymy.</p><p>Rana heatwolei Stuart &amp; Bain, 2005 .</p><p>Rana tiannanensis — Ohler 2007 (part).</p><p>Odorrana heatwolei — Poyarkov et al. 2021; Liu et al. 2023; Stuart, Seateun, Sivongxay &amp; Phimmachak, 2024.</p><p>Common name.</p><p>Heatwole’s Odorous Frog (Stuart et al. 2024)</p><p>Type specimens of O. heatwolei .</p><p>Holotype: Adult male, Voucher number FMNH 258134, based on the original description (Stuart and Bain 2005) and an updated diagnosis (Liu et al. 2023).</p><p>Specimen examined.</p><p>Adult male ITBCZ 3660, collected from <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.242645&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.937386" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.242645/lat 20.937386)">Loi 1 Village</a>, Muong Loi Commune, Dien Bien Province, Vietnam by Luan Thanh Nguyen and Hung Van Lo on 6 January 2019 (20°56.2431'N, 103°14.55882'E; 700 m a. s. l) .</p><p>Morphological diagnosis.</p><p>Species measurements are provided in Table 4. ITBCZ 3660, adult male; body relatively robust (SVL 50.8 mm); head length slightly longer than wide (HL / HW 1.06); dorsum shagreened with skin smooth on limbs and venter, skin on flanks heavily granular; snout pointed in dorsal view and rounded in profile, projecting beyond the lower jaw; canthus rostralis distinctly visible; loreal region concave; nostrils lateral, closer to the tip of the snout than to eye (SND / NED 0.66); pineal body distinct; eye large and prominent (ED 7.2 mm) with a golden iris; upper eyelid width greater than interorbital distance (UEW / IOD 1.23); internasal distance greater than interorbital distance (IOD / IND 0.94); snout length greater than the eye diameter (SL / ED 1.14); tympanum large, round and distinct (TD / ED 0.66), tympanic rim round and distinct, supratympanic fold curving slightly above and behind the tympanum; dorsolateral folds distinct extending close to vent; vomerine teeth distinct in two oblique ridges between choanae; tongue cordiform, deeply notched posteriorly with the anterior portion attached to the floor of the mouth; vocal sac opening at corner of mouth, external vocal sacs present.</p><p>Fore-limbs robust; fingers long and slender; no webbing on fingers; tips of all four fingers expanded into discs with circum-marginal grooves, relative length of fingers III&gt; IV&gt; I&gt; II; inner and outer metarcarpal tubercles present; nuptial pad on the base of the first finger present; subarticular tubercles well developed, supernumerary tubercles at the base of fingers II, III and IV. Hind-limbs long and moderately muscular; toes long and slender; tips of toes slightly expanded into discs; toes fully webbed to the base of disc; relative toe lengths IV&gt; V&gt; III&gt; II&gt; I; subarticular tubercles oval and prominent; inner metatarsal tubercle oval and prominent, outer metatarsal tubercle absent; heels perpendicular to the body axis when hind-limbs are adpressed. Dorsal skin surface shagreened, flanks granular; ventral skin smooth.</p><p>Colouration in life.</p><p>Dorsum brown with distinct, small, darker brown spots; upper and lower lip creamy-white; limbs brown with distinct dark crossbars; iris golden; ventral skin creamy-white, with fine brown mottling concentrated along the throat, chest and lateral margins.</p><p>Colouration in preservative.</p><p>The dorsum darkened with the small darker brown spots turning black, but still visible across the dorsal surface; dorsal surfaces of limbs darkened to black, with the original limb crossbars becoming indistinct; the ventral surfaces of the head, fore-limbs, chest, belly and hind-limbs faded to a fleshy creamy-white colour.</p><p>Comparative remarks.</p><p>Observed morphological characters for this specimen align closely with the male holotype description of O. heatwolei from Phongsaly, Laos and male specimens from Yunnan, China, in all the key adult diagnostic traits (Stuart and Bain 2005; Liu et al. 2023). The measured morphological characters (e. g. SVL, HL, HW, TD, ED, dorsal skin texture, tympanum visibility and presence of dorsolateral folds in males) of the male specimen described herein are within the variation reported for the Lao’s type series (Stuart and Bain 2005; Liu et al. 2023), including the finger and toe lengths and overall morphology. However, the slight differences in body size variation and dorsal colouration, including less contrasting blotches, may reflect age, regional or habitat-related variation rather than taxonomic distinction.</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>This species inhabits forest streams and river banks between 600 m and 1200 m a. s. l. It was reported in secondary growth disturbed forest, in approximately 8 m wide rocky forest streams in north-western Vietnam (Dien Bien Province) near the Laos border (Stuart and Bain 2005) (Figs 1, 8 B). Additionally, it was collected in nature trails at 1161 m a. s. l. in Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. The low-gradient rocky streams bordered by dense broadleaf forest and shrub cover with slow to moderately flowing water and vegetation along the banks seem to be an ideal habitat offering both terrestrial and aquatic microhabitats for this species. Specimens collected during nocturnal surveys were found either on low vegetation or rocks near flowing water, suggesting a strong association with riparian zones.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>The species was only known from its type locality in Phou Dendin National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Phongsaly Province, Laos and the Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. This study constitutes the first confirmed records of O. heatwolei in Vietnam and northern Thailand, extending the species’ known range eastwards to Vietnam and south-westwards into Thailand from the type locality in northern Laos (Fig. 1).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Odorrana heatwolei was originally described from the Nam Ou River in the Phou Dendin National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Phongsaly District, Phongsaly Province, Laos (22°5.63333'N, 102°12.83333'E) at an elevation of 600 m. Its known distribution includes Laos and parts of China, where it is a natural resident. However, Ohler (2007) placed O. heatwolei under the synonymy of O. tiannanensis . This synonymisation was later challenged by Liu et al. (2023), who re-instated O. heatwolei as a distinct species based on molecular data, identifying it as the sister taxon to O. tiannanensis . Additionally, Poyarkov et al. (2021) expressed doubt about the proposed synonymy, recommending further evidence to clarify the taxonomic status of the species. Our molecular analyses, based on 16 S sequence data, recovered samples collected from Thailand and Vietnam as O. heatwolei after strongly clustering with the topotypic sequences of O. heatwolei (BPP = 1; BS = 100). This finding establishes the first record of O. heatwolei in both Thailand and Vietnam, specifically from northern Thailand (Tambol Don Paya, Ban Sapan, Amphoe Bo Kluea), near the Laos border, Phitsanulok Province, Thailand and Dien Bien Province in Vietnam, extending its currently known distribution further from Laos and China. Genetic distance analyses further supported its distinction from O. tiannanensis and confirmed its taxonomic identity as O. heatwolei as discussed in detail in the results section.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DFEB683374F85B6EB911A7245F836B6D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka;Yang, Shen-Pin;Nguyen, Luan Thanh;Le, Manh Van;Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon;Stuart, Bryan L.;Nguyen, Sang Ngoc;Zuo, An-Ru;Zhang, Ding-Can;Duan, Zheng-Pan;Duan, Pei-Wen;Yu, Zhong-Bin;Wu, Yun-He;Che, Jing	Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Yang, Shen-Pin, Nguyen, Luan Thanh, Le, Manh Van, Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon, Stuart, Bryan L., Nguyen, Sang Ngoc, Zuo, An-Ru, Zhang, Ding-Can, Duan, Zheng-Pan, Duan, Pei-Wen, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Wu, Yun-He, Che, Jing (2025): Unveiling hidden diversity in Odorrana (Anura, Ranidae) with description of a new species from Yingjiang, China and the first national records of Odorrana heatwolei in Thailand and Vietnam. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2337-2356, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.162366
04BAB89ED7635C2398389BA84E2C1955.text	04BAB89ED7635C2398389BA84E2C1955.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odorrana hejiangensis (Deng & Yu 1992)	<div><p>Odorrana hejiangensis (Deng &amp; Yu, 1992)</p><p>Chresonymy.</p><p>Rana hejiangensis Deng &amp; Yu, 1992 .</p><p>Huia hejiangensis — Fei &amp; Ye, 2001; Frost et al. 2006.</p><p>Odorrana hejiangensis — Che et al. 2007.</p><p>Odorrana (Odorrana) nanjiangensis Fei, Ye, Xie &amp; Jiang, 2007 .</p><p>Odorrana nanjiangensis — Zhu 2016; Zhang et al. 2021; Dufresnes and Litvinchuk 2022.</p><p>Common name.</p><p>Hejiang Odorous Frog (Fei 1999).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Odorrana hejiangensis was originally described from Shunyangxi, Hejiang County, Sichuan Province, China, with its known distribution extending across northern Guizhou and western Guangxi Provinces, China (Frost 2025). Our analyses placed the topotypic sequences of O. hejiangensis and O. nanjiangensis within the same strongly supported subclade (BPP = 1; BS = 100) (see clade B). The topotype sequence of O. nanjiangensis (accession number KF 185042.1; voucher HNNU 1007 -291) was collected from Nanjiang, Sichuan Province, China, whereas the O. hejiangensis topotype sequence (accession number KF 185052; voucher HNNU 1007 -202) was collected from Hejiang, Sichuan Province, China, as deposited by Chen et al. (2013). Previous studies, including Dufresnes and Litvinchuk (2022), reported nearly identical mitochondrial sequences between these two species, with a genetic distance of only 0.1 %. While the possibility of misidentification for the sole available 16 S representative sequence of O. nanjiangensis cannot be entirely ruled out, we hypothesise that these taxa are conspecific. Consequently, we propose synonymising O. nanjiangensis with the senior synonym O. hejiangensis, which holds taxonomic priority. However, to definitively resolve this issue, a thorough examination of respective voucher specimens is necessary to identify any diagnostic characters between the two species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/04BAB89ED7635C2398389BA84E2C1955	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka;Yang, Shen-Pin;Nguyen, Luan Thanh;Le, Manh Van;Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon;Stuart, Bryan L.;Nguyen, Sang Ngoc;Zuo, An-Ru;Zhang, Ding-Can;Duan, Zheng-Pan;Duan, Pei-Wen;Yu, Zhong-Bin;Wu, Yun-He;Che, Jing	Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Yang, Shen-Pin, Nguyen, Luan Thanh, Le, Manh Van, Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon, Stuart, Bryan L., Nguyen, Sang Ngoc, Zuo, An-Ru, Zhang, Ding-Can, Duan, Zheng-Pan, Duan, Pei-Wen, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Wu, Yun-He, Che, Jing (2025): Unveiling hidden diversity in Odorrana (Anura, Ranidae) with description of a new species from Yingjiang, China and the first national records of Odorrana heatwolei in Thailand and Vietnam. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2337-2356, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.162366
9B0499976EFF5E7699B213866B88E72A.text	9B0499976EFF5E7699B213866B88E72A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odorrana jingdongensis Fei, Ye, & Li 2001	<div><p>Odorrana jingdongensis Fei, Ye, &amp; Li, 2001</p><p>Chresonymy.</p><p>Odorrana jingdongensis Fei, Ye &amp; Li, 2001 .</p><p>Rana (Odorrana) hmongorum Bain et al. 2003 .</p><p>Huia jingdongensis — Frost et al. 2006.</p><p>Huia hmongorum — Frost et al. 2006.</p><p>Odorrana hmongorum — Chen et al. 2005; Che et al. 2007; Stuart 2008.</p><p>Odorrana jingdongensis Chen et al., 2005; Che et al. 2007; Poyarkov et al. 2021; Stuart, Seateun, Sivongxay &amp; Phimmachak, 2024.</p><p>Common name.</p><p>Jingdong Odorous Frog (Stuart et al. 2024).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species is known by original designation from its type locality in Xinminxiang, Jingdong County, Yunnan Province, China. However, its current distribution is recognised to extend to Dien Bien, Ha Giang, Lai Chau, Son La and Lao Cai Provinces in northern Vietnam owing to the synonymisation of O. hmongorum originally described from Sa Pa Village, near O Qui Ho Pass, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam by Ohler (2007). Moreover, this proposed synonymy with O. jingdongensis requires further evidence (Poyarkov et al. 2021; Stuart et al. 2024). Based on our phylogenetic analyses, the subclade comprising O. jingdongensis, O. junlianensis, O. yunnanensis, O. kuangwuensis, O. margaritae, O. hmongorum and O. grahami is weakly supported (BPP &lt;0.98; BS = 88) (see clade E). This result does not support the synonymy of O. jingdongensis and O. hmongorum; thus, a detailed study is needed to properly delimit species boundaries within it. Moreover, Yuan et al. (2023) demonstrated instances of rampant mitochondrial genome introgression and reported an unidentified lineage believed to be O. hmongorum within the O. grahami complex. The study revealed cases of mitonuclear discordance that mask the distinctiveness of closely-related taxa, therefore highlighting the need for integrative taxonomic approaches to properly clarify the taxonomic position of species within this challenging group.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9B0499976EFF5E7699B213866B88E72A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka;Yang, Shen-Pin;Nguyen, Luan Thanh;Le, Manh Van;Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon;Stuart, Bryan L.;Nguyen, Sang Ngoc;Zuo, An-Ru;Zhang, Ding-Can;Duan, Zheng-Pan;Duan, Pei-Wen;Yu, Zhong-Bin;Wu, Yun-He;Che, Jing	Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Yang, Shen-Pin, Nguyen, Luan Thanh, Le, Manh Van, Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon, Stuart, Bryan L., Nguyen, Sang Ngoc, Zuo, An-Ru, Zhang, Ding-Can, Duan, Zheng-Pan, Duan, Pei-Wen, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Wu, Yun-He, Che, Jing (2025): Unveiling hidden diversity in Odorrana (Anura, Ranidae) with description of a new species from Yingjiang, China and the first national records of Odorrana heatwolei in Thailand and Vietnam. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2337-2356, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.162366
4CACD71BAF5254098031F8546700B4BA.text	4CACD71BAF5254098031F8546700B4BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odorrana sudianensis Kilunda, Yu, Wu & Che 2025	<div><p>Odorrana sudianensis Kilunda, Yu, Wu &amp; Che sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 3, 4, 5 A, B, Table 4</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype. KIZ 058904, adult female collected from <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=97.83067&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.12741" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 97.83067/lat 25.12741)">Sudian Town</a>, Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province, China (25°7.6446'N, 97°49.8402'E, 1563 m a. s. l.) on 2 December 2024 by Shen-Ping Yang, Shen-Quan Liu, and Jia-Sheng Liu .</p><p>Paratypes. KIZ 058839, an adult female, same collection information as the holotype, except for 25°7.4598'N, 97°49.8534'E, 1563 m a. s. l. on 4 September 2024 .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ sudianensis ” is a latinised name referring to the type locality Sudian Town, where the new species was collected. We propose “ Sudian odorous frog ” and “ 苏典臭蛙 ” (Pinyin: Sū Diǎn Chòu Wā) as the English and Chinese common names, respectively.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Odorrana sudianensis sp. nov. is assigned to the genus Odorrana and differs from its congeners based on the combination of the following morphological characters: (1) Robust medium adult body size (SVL 78.9–85.3 mm, based on two females); (2) head length longer than head width (HL / HW 1.08); (3) iris with intricate golden reticulations forming a circumpupillary ring around the periphery; (4) anterior part of dorsum mottled grass green with mottled dark brown blotches covering the posterior region; (5) dorsolateral folds absent; (6) distinct dark brown crossbands on the dorsal surface of limbs; (7) supratympanic fold obvious, weak and short; (8) dorsal and lateral skin slightly granular; (9) tongue cordiform, deeply notched posteriorly; (10) finger discs significantly expanded; (11) circummarginal grooves for all finger discs expanded with lateroventral grooves; (12) inner metacarpal tubercle, large and elongated, two outer metacarpal tubercles, with outer one larger than medial one; (13) supernumerary tubercles below the base of fingers present and rounded; (14) web on toes entirely covered; (15) inner metatarsal tubercle oval and present, outer metatarsal tubercle absent; supernumerary tubercles below the base of toes absent, subarticular tubercles of toes oval and prominent.</p><p>Description of holotype.</p><p>Adult female KIZ 058904 (Figs 3, 4, Table 4), habitus robust, medium body size (SVL 85.3 mm); head length slightly longer than head width (HL / HW 1.08); snout length longer than the eye diameter (SL / ED 1.42); nostril oval, nostrils nearer to the tip of snout than to the eye (SND / NED 0.76); internarial distance greater than interorbital distance (IOD / IND 0.73); loreal region concave, oblique; interorbital area slightly flat in dorsal view (UEW / IOD 1.21); canthus rostralis distinctly visible, rounded; supratympanic fold obvious, weak and short, from the posterior edge of the eye to the corners of the mouth; tympanum clearly distinct with long curved irregular tubercles around it, smaller and shorter than eye diameter (half the eye diameter) (TD / ED 0.51); maxillary teeth developed; vomerine teeth developed, on two short obliques between choanae, obvious distance from each other; choanae oval; vocal sac absent; tongue cordiform, deeply notched posteriorly.</p><p>Fore-limbs robust and shorter; nuptial pads absent; web on fingers absent; inner metacarpal tubercle, large and elongated; outer metacarpal tubercle two, oval, outer one larger than medial one; supernumerary tubercles below the base of fingers present and rounded; subarticular tubercles round and prominent; the tip of fingers expanded into discs, with disc largest in third finger; circum-marginal grooves for all finger discs expanded with lateroventral grooves; relative length of fingers (order III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II).</p><p>Hind-limbs longer and muscular; tibia length longer than femur length FEM / TIB 0.94); relative length of toes (order IV&gt; V&gt; III&gt; II&gt; I); tibiotarsal articulation of adpressed limb reaching the tip of snout; heels overlap when the tibias are perpendicular to the body axis, but not obvious; web on toes entire web; inner metatarsal tubercles oval and present, outer metatarsal tubercle absent, supernumerary tubercles absent, subarticular tubercles of toes oval and prominent, tips of toes expanded into discs slightly smaller than finger discs.</p><p>Dorsal surface of head smooth, lateral skin granular, with granules prominent and largest near the abdomen, ventral skin smooth; dorsolateral fold absent; pectoral gland absent; maxillary gland long and significant.</p><p>Colour of holotype in life.</p><p>Dorsal surface mottled grass-green extending from the snout to the anterior part of the dorsum with mottled dark brown blotches covering the posterior part; flanks and lateral side of the head yellow with dark brown blotches (may vary across individuals to light yellow), flanks speckled with brownish-black spots; dorsal surface of limbs yellowish-brown with distinct dark brown alternating crossbands with crossbands on fore-limbs less prominent than those on hind-limbs; venter yellowish-white with light brown mottling concentrated on the throat and slightly present on the chest, belly and hind-limbs; iris with intricate golden reticulations forming a circumpupillary ring around the periphery (Fig. 3).</p><p>Colour of holotype in preservative.</p><p>The mottled grass-green dorsum faded to whitish-grey while the mottled dark brown flanks and limbs slightly faded to whitish-brown with the brownish-black limb crossbars still clearly visible; the yellow colour on the flanks faded to olive-white with faded brownish mottles; the brownish-black crossbars on limbs are well-defined, but less vibrant than in life (Fig. 4).</p><p>Morphological variation.</p><p>Measurements and morphological features of the paratype are provided in Table 4. The dorsal head surface, ventrum and limb surface smooth in paratype; the yellowish-white ventrum differs from having light brown mottles concentrated on the throat and slightly present on the chest, belly and hind-limbs in the holotype to ventrum yellowish-white with the throat, chest, belly and hind-limbs unmarked in the paratype.</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>The new species was collected on rocks under shrubs along riverbeds and mountain streams at an altitude of approximately 1600 m a. s. l. No eggs or gravid females were found. Co-occurring within the same habitat were Odorrana yunnanensis, Leptobrachella yingjiangensis (Yang, Zeng &amp; Wang, 2018), Megophrys sp., Jingophrys feii (Yang, Wang &amp; Wang, 2018) and Amolops afghanu s (Günther, 1858) (Fig. 8 A).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>The new species is currently known only from the type locality in Sudian, Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province, China (Fig. 1).</p><p>Comparisons.</p><p>We compared Odorrana sudianensis sp. nov. with some of its nearest congeners and closely-related taxa as recovered from the phylogenetic data analyses while considering closely-related taxa and those whose mitochondrial DNA sequence data were currently unavailable. Additionally, since we only had two female specimens, we limited our morphological comparison to female characters documented for all the taxa included in the morphological analysis. In this case, we carefully examined morphological characters and conducted morphological comparisons of the new species with its sister species O. dulongensis as well as all the species recovered within the larger clade (clade E), consisting of O. margaretae, O. kuangwuensis, O. jingdongensis, O. yunnanensis, O. grahami, O. junlianensis, O. mutschmanni and O. wuchuanensis . Moreover, we conducted morphological comparisons with species lacking sequence information, such as O. arunachalensis, O. bolavensis, O. cangyuanensis, O. gigatympana, O. indeprensa, O. orba, O. sinica and O. monjerai described solely based on morphology and species also known to occur in Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province, China, such as O. yunnanensis and O. macrotympana (Yang, 2008) .</p><p>Odorrana sudianensis sp. nov. differs from O. dulongensis by flanks yellow with dark brown blotches (vs. flanks light yellow with black spots); ventrum with light brown mottles on throat and faintly on belly and hind-limbs, but not obvious (vs. ventrum unmarked except for light throat mottling); distinct black spots on upper jaw absent (vs. present); supratympanic fold obvious, weak and short (vs. supratympanic fold distinct); supernumerary tubercles present and rounded (vs. indistinct); finger lengths III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II (vs. finger lengths III&gt; IV&gt; II = I, Fig. 5).</p><p>Odorrana sudianensis sp. nov. is similar in appearance to O. yunnanensis; however, it differs by having a smaller body size SVL 78.9–85.3 mm (vs. 82.3–107.2 mm in adult females); finger discs significantly expanded (vs. finger discs small); absence of a small white dot between the anterior corners of the two eyes (vs. present); and relative length of fingers III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II (vs. relative length of fingers III&gt; IV&gt; I = II); from O. margaretae by smaller body size SVL 78.9–85.3 mm (vs. a large body size SVL 93.0–113.0 mm in females); dorsum granular to smooth in some individuals, anteriorly mottled grass-green with mottled dark brown blotches on the posterior region (vs. dorsum smooth, dark green with no spots); fingers III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II (vs. relative length of fingers III&gt; IV&gt; I&gt; II); from O. kuangwuensis by lack of spots on the toe and finger webbing (vs. present); larger body size SVL 78.9–85.3 mm (vs. smaller SVL 66.0– 71.4 mm in females); from O. jingdongensis by a smaller body size SVL 78.9–85.3 mm (vs. a larger body size SVL 98.0 mm in females); dorsal surface of head smooth, lateral skin granular, with granules prominent and largest near the abdomen (vs. dorsum covered with moles and scattered large warts from the snout to the vent); relative length of fingers III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II (vs. relative length of fingers III&gt; IV&gt; I&gt; II); from O. grahami by having the tip of fingers expanded into discs, with disc largest in the third finger, circum-marginal grooves, all finger discs expanded with lateroventral grooves (vs. fingertips and toe tips not expanded and lateroventral grooves absent); smaller adult body size SVL 78.9–85.3 mm (vs. larger body size with SVL 89–107 mm in females); a small white spot between the anterior corners of the two eyes (vs. absent); relative length of fingers III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II (vs. relative length of fingers III&gt; IV&gt; I = II); from O. junlianensis by a smaller adult body size SVL 78.9–85.3 mm (vs. a large body size SVL 87.2–102.0 mm in females); relative length of fingers III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II (vs. relative length of fingers III&gt; IV&gt; I = II); from O. mutschmanni by smaller body size with SVL 78.9–85.3 mm (vs. a large body size SVL 108.7–110.1 mm in females); from O. wuchuanensis by tympanum well defined, smaller and half the eye diameter (vs. tympanic membrane large and 4 / 5 of the eye diameter); dorsum anteriorly mottled grass-green with mottled dark brown blotches on the posterior region (vs. dorsum green with scattered dark spots some with pale golden edges); ventral surface yellowish-white with light brown mottles concentrated on the throat and slightly present on the chest belly and hind-limbs, but not obvious across individuals (vs. ventral mask dark grey and light golden yellow with large patches intertwined into a network); from O. arunachalensis by the absence of a black inter-orbital band (vs. presence of a black inter-orbital band); absence of a pair of discontinuous, black dorso-lateral bands (vs. present); head length longer than head width (vs. head broader than long); tympanum well defined, smaller, half the eye diameter (vs. tympanum small and depressed, 1 / 3 of the eye); dorsum anteriorly mottled grass-green with mottled dark brown blotches on the posterior region with skin granular to smooth in some individuals (vs. dorsum completely green with brown mottling in female, smooth, with few weak granules on the flanks); relative lengths of fingers III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II (vs. relative finger lengths: III&gt; IV&gt; II&gt; I); from O. bolavensis by dorsal skin granular to smooth in some individuals (vs. dorsal skin shagreened with spinules); relative lengths of fingers III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II (vs. relative lengths of fingers III&gt; IV&gt; I&gt; II); from O. cangyuanensis by dorsum anteriorly mottled grass-green with mottled dark brown blotches on the posterior region (vs. dorsum uniform brown or brownish-black); relative lengths of fingers III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II (vs. III&gt; II&gt; IV&gt; I); from O. gigatympana by having a larger adult female body size SVL 78.9–85.3 mm (vs. a smaller body size SVL 58.0– 67.7 mm in females); dorsum anteriorly mottled grass-green (vs. dorsum uniform brown or grey); flanks and lateral side of the head yellow with dark brown blotches (vs. flanks brown with dark spots); absence of a black stripe extending from the tip of the snout to the eye and from behind the eye above the tympanum to axilla (vs. present); relative lengths of fingers III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II (vs. III&gt; IV&gt; II&gt; I); dorsolateral folds absent (vs. presence of distinct dorsolateral folds); absence of the outer metatarsal tubercle (vs. present); from O. indeprensa by a smaller body size SVL 78.9–85.3 mm (vs. a larger body size SVL 92.8–101 mm); from O. orba by dorsal surface and lateral flanks of skin granular (vs. dorsal skin heavily shagreened with some large tubercles); absence of dorsolateral folds (vs. presence of weakly visible dorsolateral folds in females); relative lengths of fingers III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II (vs. relative finger lengths III&gt; IV&gt; I&gt; II); from O. sinica by dorsal and lateral flanks of skin granular to smooth in some individuals (vs. smooth); tympanum distinct and well defined (vs. tympanum indistinct and skin-covered); larger body size SVL 78.9–85.3 mm (vs. smaller body size, SVL of single mature female is 66.6 mm); from O. monjerai by the anterior part of dorsum mottled grass-green with mottled dark brown blotches on the posterior region (vs. dorsum uniform brown or grey and unspotted); absence of dorsolateral folds (vs. presence of distinct dorsolateral folds); dorsal and lateral flanks of skin granular skin (vs. finely tuberculated dorsal skin); from O. macrotympana by having the anterior part of the dorsum mottled grass-green with mottled dark brown blotches on the dorsal and lateral flanks (vs. dorsum greyish-brown, brownish-green or solid green with a few or many tiny black spots); dorsal and lateral flanks of skin granular to smooth in some individuals (vs. smooth dorsal skin); absence of dorsolateral folds (vs. presence of distinct dorsolateral folds); relative lengths of fingers III&gt; I&gt; IV&gt; II (vs. relative finger lengths III&gt; IV&gt; I&gt; II).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4CACD71BAF5254098031F8546700B4BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka;Yang, Shen-Pin;Nguyen, Luan Thanh;Le, Manh Van;Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon;Stuart, Bryan L.;Nguyen, Sang Ngoc;Zuo, An-Ru;Zhang, Ding-Can;Duan, Zheng-Pan;Duan, Pei-Wen;Yu, Zhong-Bin;Wu, Yun-He;Che, Jing	Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Yang, Shen-Pin, Nguyen, Luan Thanh, Le, Manh Van, Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon, Stuart, Bryan L., Nguyen, Sang Ngoc, Zuo, An-Ru, Zhang, Ding-Can, Duan, Zheng-Pan, Duan, Pei-Wen, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Wu, Yun-He, Che, Jing (2025): Unveiling hidden diversity in Odorrana (Anura, Ranidae) with description of a new species from Yingjiang, China and the first national records of Odorrana heatwolei in Thailand and Vietnam. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2337-2356, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.162366
