taxonID	type	description	language	source
C76087966044FFCC6B83FBEAFDC7FEC7.taxon	description	(Figs. 1, 4 A, 5 A, B, G, H, 6 A, D, 7 A, 8)	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966044FFCC6B83FBEAFDC7FEC7.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. SMF 4444. Adult male (CW 60, CL 45, CH 23, FW 17 mm), Angola, Province of Lunda Norte, Cuango River, Cafunfo (- 8.808363, 17.97665), collector and date unrecorded. Paratypes. SMF 4444. Adult male (CW 55.3, CL 41.1, CH 17.8, FW 15.7 mm), Angola, Province of Lunda Norte, Cuango River, Cafunfo (- 8.808363, 17.97665), collector and date unrecorded. Bott (1968) described this taxon from 38 specimens all from the same locality, and designated the remainder of these specimens (28 males and 9 females) as paratypes. Rediagnosis. Carapace surface mostly smooth except for distinct fields of carinae at anterolateral corners; postfrontal crest distinct, complete, traversing entire carapace to meet anterolateral margins at epibranchial teeth; cervical grooves deep, long, ending just before reaching postfrontal crest; semicircular, urogastric, cardiac, branchial grooves all deep, distinct (Fig. 1 A). Exorbital tooth large, pointed, directed forward, outer margin lined by small granules; epibranchial tooth small, low, blunt; anterolateral margin lined by rounded denticles; postfrontal crest, suborbital margin, vertical sulcus on branchiostegite, all granulated (Figs. 1 A, B). Thoracic sternal suture S 3 / 4 incomplete, separated centrally, comprising 2 shortened sutures that begin at sides of sternum, fade towards middle (Fig. 1 B). Third maxilliped exopod with long flagellum, ischium with distinct vertical sulcus (Fig. 1 B). Cheliped carpus inner margin with 2 large pointed teeth, distal tooth larger than proximal tooth (Fig. 5 H). Cheliped merus lower margin with conspicuous large pointed distal meral tooth (Fig. 5 G). G 1 TA long (TA / SS 0.54), midpoint angled outward at 64 ° to longitudinal axis of G 1 SS, distal third tapering to pointed, slightly upcurved tip; G 1 TA midsection widened by high mesial fold, lateral fold lower; deep longitudinal groove running along whole length of G 1 TA between mesial, lateral folds (Figs. 6 A, D). G 2 TA long, flagellum-like (G 2 TA / SA 0.65) (Fig. 7 A). Large species, mature at CW 55 mm.	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966044FFCC6B83FBEAFDC7FEC7.taxon	description	Redescription: Carapace moderate height (CH / FW 1.13), width (CW / FW 3.5), length (CL / FW 2.62). Surface of anterior carapace mostly smooth except for distinct fields of carinae at anterolateral corners; postfrontal crest distinct, complete, traversing entire carapace to meet anterolateral margins at epibranchial teeth; cervical grooves deep, long, ending just before postfrontal crest; semicircular, urogastric, cardiac, branchial grooves all deep, distinct; postfrontal crest, suborbital margin, vertical sulcus on branchiostegite, all granulated; epigastric crests separated by clear, short, forked mid-groove (Fig. 1 A). Exorbital tooth large, pointed, directed forward, outer margin granulated; epibranchial tooth small, low, blunt; anterolateral margin between exorbital, epibranchial teeth granulated, curving slightly outward, lacking intermediate tooth; anterolateral margin posterior to epibranchial tooth raised, lined by rounded denticles, posterior end curving inward, not continuous with posterolateral margin. Branchiostegite with distinct granulated vertical sulcus, subhepatic region heavily granulated, suborbital, pterygostomial regions smooth (Figs. 1 A, B, 4 A). Third maxilliped exopod with long flagellum, ischium with deep vertical sulcus (Fig. 1 A). Thoracic sternal sulcus S 2 / 3 deep, completely traversing sternum; S 3 / 4 incomplete, deep at sides, absent in middle, sides slanted inward toward anterior margin of sternopleonal cavity; thoracic episternal sulci S 4 / E 4, S 5 / E 5, S 6 / E 6, S 7 / E 7 all obscure (Fig. 1 B). Male pleon, telson together forming slim triangle, pleon edges slightly indented; telson triangular, apex round- ed, base broadest, sides outwardly sloping; pleomeres PL 1 – 6 rectangular, wider than long, PL 6 longest, more than 1 / 2 as long as wide (Fig. 1 B); remaining pleomeres short, less than 1 / 3 as long as wide. G 1 TA long (TA / SA 0.54), midpoint angled outward at 64 ° to longitudinal axis of G 1 SA, distal 1 / 3 tapering to pointed, slightly upcurved tip; G 1 TA midsection widened by high mesial fold, lateral fold lower; deep longitudinal groove running along whole length of G 1 TA between mesial, lateral folds (Figs. 6 A, D); G 1 SA distal dorsal side with conspicuous dorsal membrane widest at mesial margin, narrowest at lateral margin (Fig. 5 D). G 2 TA long (G 2 TA / SA 0.65), flagellum-like (Fig. 7 A). Adult size ranging from CW 55 to 60 mm. Chela unequal, right (major) longer than left (minor) (Fig. 5 A). Fixed finger (pollex) of propodus, movable finger (dactylus) each with 2 to 3 large teeth interspersed with smaller teeth; dactylus straight, slim, not arched, tips of fingers touching enclosing long thin interspace when closed (Figs. 5 A, B); propodi of right, left chelae elongated (inferior margin 55.1 mm, 50.3 mm respectively), almost as long as CW (55.3 mm); palms of right, left chelae not enlarged (height 18.2 mm, 15.5 mm respectively). Cheliped carpus inner margin with large pointed distal tooth, smaller pointed proximal tooth (Fig. 5 H); cheliped merus lower margins both lined by large granules; distal meral tooth large, pointed; superior surface of cheliped merus granulated (Fig. 5 G). P 2 – 5 slender, long. For additional characters and photographs of this species see Bott (1968: pl. 1, figs. 1 – 4). Size. Large species, adult at CW 55.0 mm.	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966044FFCC6B83FBEAFDC7FEC7.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Angola. Province of Lunda Norte, Cuango River, Cafunfo (- 8.808363, 17.97665) (Fig. 8). Habitat. Potamonautes adeleae is a large species that is endemic to Angola. It is known only from a single locality in the forested Lunda Norte Province. It was collected from the Cuango River, a northward-flowing tributary of the Congo River which is part of the central African region (Fig. 8). Colour. The colour of living specimens is unknown, but specimens preserved in ethanol are light brown.	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966044FFCC6B83FBEAFDC7FEC7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This species is only known from a single locality in Angola in the Province of Lunda Norte, Cuango River, Cafunfo (- 8.808363, 17.97665) (Fig. 8). Conservation status. Potamonautes adeleae was listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as Data Deficient (Cumberlidge 2008 a) because it is known to occur in just one locality and there is very little information available on its population trends, habitat, or threats. This makes it a rare species of high research interest. The diamond mines at Cafunfo have resulted in a great deal of habitat disturbance and pollution of the Cuango River, that may prove to be threats to this species.	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966044FFCC6B83FBEAFDC7FEC7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Bott (1968) described P. adeleae as a subspecies of P. lirrangensis (Rathbun, 1904) from Liranga, Republique du Congo, in the middle Congo basin but Cumberlidge & Tavares (2006), Cumberlidge (2008 c), and Ng et al. (2008) recognised P. adeleae as a valid species. Cumberlidge & Tavares (2006) cited morphological differences between the adult male paratype of P. adeleae from Angola and the dried adult female type of Potamon (Potamonautes) lirrangensis Rathbun, 1904 (CW 53.9 mm) which was photographed by Rathbun (1904: pl. XIV, fig. 8), and illustrated by Capart (1954: fig. 28). Potamon (Potamonautes) lirrangensis was recently redescribed by Cumberlidge et al. (2021: figs. 1, 4 A, 7 A) as Potamonautes lirrangensis s. s. who restricted that species to the type specimen from Liranga, Republique du Congo, in the middle Congo basin. Unfortunately, the fact that the female holotype of this species is poorly preserved excludes most of the taxonomic characters that are useful to distinguish between species. Despite this, differences in the anterolateral margin of P. adeleae (Fig. 1 A, B) and P. lirrangenis s. s. (cf. Cumberlidge et al., 2021: fig. 4 A) can be used to separate these two taxa. Potamonautes adeleae shares a number of characters (e. g., a complete postfrontal crest, a reduced epibranchial tooth, a granulated anterolateral margin, and the general form of the G 1 TA) with species from the middle Congo River basin (such as P. dybowskii (Rathbun, 1904 )), and the affinities of this Angolan species lie with the Congo basin fauna rather than with the southern African regional fauna.	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966046FFCA6B83FE46FD9BFA93.taxon	description	(Figs. 2, 4 B, 5 C, D, I, J, 6 B, E, 7 B, 8)	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966046FFCA6B83FE46FD9BFA93.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. MZUSP 16879, adult female (CW 40, CL 28.6, CH 8.8, FW 13.2 mm) Angola, Cuanza (Kwanza) River upstream from the Capanda hydroelectric dam (- 9.8299, 15.8509), northern Malanje Province, 150 km southeast of Malanje city, from rocky river bed with no ciliary vegetation, water temperature 26.8 ° C, pH 7.3, October 2002, coll. Hamilton Garboggini. Other material. AMG GEN 1887 A, adult male (CW 35.4, CL 25.9, CH 7.6, FW 11.8 mm), Angola, Soxujwa, Kekere, Cuanza River, downstream of Capanda hydroelectric dam (- 9.806556, 15.4084722), northern Malanje Province, 150 km southeast of Malanje city, caught in a hand net, 12 Nov. 2006, coll. I. R. Bills. Rediagnosis. Carapace surface smooth, widest in anterior third (CW / FW 3.0), extremely flat (CH / FW 0.66) (Fig. 4 B), semi-circular, urogastric, transverse branchial grooves deep; cardiac region weakly marked, cervical grooves short, faint (Fig. 2 A). Front relatively broad, about 1 / 3 carapace width (FW / CW 0.33); frontal margin conspicuously bilobed, deeply indented in center (Fig. 2 A, B); exorbital, epibranchial teeth large, pointed, directed forward; postfrontal crest sharply defined, complete, crossing entire carapace; straight part consisting of fused epigastric, postorbital crests curving backward; ends curving forward to meet anterolateral margins at epibranchial teeth; anterolateral margin posterior to epibranchial tooth smooth (Fig. 2 A, B). Branchiostegite with 2 sutures, one longitudinal (epimeral), one vertical, dividing sidewall into suborbital, subhepatic, pterygostomial regions, each with smooth surface (Fig. 4 B). Third maxillipeds filling entire oral field, except for transversely oval efferent respiratory openings at superior lateral corners; long flagellum on exopod of third maxilliped; ischium of third maxilliped smooth, completely lacking vertical sulcus (Figs. 2 B, 4 B). Mandibular palp 2 - articled; terminal article undivided, with setae but no hardened ledge at junction between articles. Male thoracic sternal sulcii S 1 / 2, S 2 / 3 completely traversing sternum; S 3 / 4 absent except for 2 small notches at sides of sternum; thoracic episternal sulci S 4 / E 4, S 5 / E 5, S 6 / E 6, S 7 / E 7 all obscure, either missing or faint (Fig. 2 B). Dactylus of male right (major) chela long, slim, gently curved, with 4 well-spaced medium teeth; immovable finger (propodus pollex) slim, slender, with small teeth; both fingers touching along distal third of their length, enclosing long slim interspace when closed; palm of propodus of major chela enlarged, swollen, lower margin of propodus distinctly concave (Figs. 2 B, 5 C). Dactylus of male left (minor) chela long, slim, gently curved, with 4 well-spaced medium teeth; immovable finger (propodus pollex) slim, slender, almost smooth, lacking teeth; both fingers touching along distal quarter of their length, enclosing long slim interspace when closed; palm of propodus of minor chela slim, not enlarged, 0.6 × propodus height of major chela; propodus elongated (as long as propodus of major chela), lower margin distinctly concave (Fig. 5 D). Inferior margins of cheliped merus both completely smooth, distal meral tooth missing (Fig. 5 I, J); cheliped carpus inner margin smooth, distal, proximal teeth completely reduced (missing) (Fig. 5 J); ambulatory legs P 2 – 5 slender, distal limb articles (merus, carpus, propodus, dactylus) all elongated; P 4 longest, P 5 shortest; P 4 dactylus extremely long (as long as P 4 propodus), P 5 dactylus short (1 / 2 as long as P 4 dactylus (Figs. 2 A, B )); dactyli of P 2 – 5 tapering to point, each bearing 4 rows of downward-pointing sharp bristles (Fig. 2 A, B). Male pleon, telson together forming slim triangle, pleon edges slightly indented; telson triangular, apex round- ed, base broadest, sides outwardly sloping; pleomeres PL 1 – 6 rectangular, wider than long, PL 6 longest, more than 1 / 2 as long as wide (Fig. 2 B); remaining pleomeres short, less than 1 / 3 as long as wide. G 1 TA very short, about 1 / 4 G 1 SA length (G 1 TA / SA 0.26), angled outward at 30 ° to longitudinal axis of G 1 SA; G 1 TA slim, not widened, tapering gently to pointed gently upcurved tip (Figs. 6 B, E). G 1 SA widest at base, narrowest at TA / SA junction; basal G 1 SA mesial margin lined by conspicuous long setae basally, margin smooth distally; G 1 SA lateral margin smooth (Fig. 6 B, E). G 2 (Fig. 7 B) long, slim, subequal to G 1. G 2 TA long, flagellum-like (G 2 TA / SA 0.62 )); G 2 SA widest at base, tapering sharply inward about one-third along length, last two-thirds forming long, thin, tapering, upright process supporting long flagellum-like TA. Size. Medium species, adult at CW 35.0 mm. Colour. The colour of living specimens is unknown, but specimens preserved in ethanol are light brown. Type locality. In the Cuanza (Kwanza) River upstream from the Capanda hydroelectric dam (- 9.8299, 15.8509), northern Malanje Province, 150 km southeast of Malanje city, Angola (Fig. 8).	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966046FFCA6B83FE46FD9BFA93.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Potamonautes kensleyi is known only from two localities 50 km apart in the Cuanza River in northern Cuanza Sul Province in the savanna region of central Angola. Although these two localities lie on the same river they are now separated by the Capanda hydroelectric dam, one downstream of the dam and the other behind the dam in a stream flowing into the artificial lake / reservoir created by the dam (Fig. 8). Habitat. This species is found in the Cuanza River in central Angola and lives under rocks in the river bed in an area that lacks aquatic vegetation where the water temperatures are warm (26.8 ° C). Conservation status. Potamonautes kensleyi was listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as Data Deficient (Cumberlidge 2008 b) because at that time it was known to occur in just one locality and there was very little information available on its population trends or habitat. The construction of the Capenda hydroelectric dam where this restricted range species occurs has dramatically altered the freshwater habitats associated with the Cuanza River by creating a large reservoir of standing water in the natural path of the river. The new material indicates that this species is found both upstream and downstream of the dam but neither of the two localities (Fig. 8) are in a protected area. The unusual morphological characters that set P. kensleyi apart from nearly all other species of Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838 in continental Africa indicate that it is uniquely adapted for a narrow niche, and that large scale disturbance of its habitat (such as alterations of water flow associated with the hydroelectric dam) would be expected to have a large impact on its long-term survival.	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966046FFCA6B83FE46FD9BFA93.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was originally described from a single female specimen because it’s extremely distinct morphological characters clearly set it apart from other species, even without reference to adult male characters of the gonopods, chelipeds, pleon, and sternum (Cumberlidge & Tavares 2006). For example, characters that clearly distinguish P. kensleyi from all other species of Potamonautes include the deeply bilobed front (Figs. 2 A, B), the extremely flattened carapace (Fig. 4 B), the extremely elongated propodus and dactylus of P 4 (Figs. 2 A, B), the completely smooth inner margins of the cheliped carpus that lacks teeth (Fig. 5 J), and the completely smooth lower margins of the cheliped merus (Figs. 5 I, J). To these can be added characters of the male chelipeds, sternum, and gonopods of P. kensleyi that are reported here for the first time (Figs. 2 A, B, 4 B, 5 C, D, I, J, 6 B, E, 7 B) that also help distinguish this species. Potamonautes kensleyi is similar in some respects to P. macrobrachii, another medium-sized species that is endemic to Angola, because both have a smooth anterolateral carapace margin (Figs. 2 A, 3 A) and both lack a vertical sulcus on the third maxilliped ischium (Figs. 2 B, 3 B). However, a number of characters of the carapace and chelipeds of P. kensleyi help distinguish this species from P. macrobrachii. These characters are the deeply indented and bilobed frontal margin in P. kensleyi (Figs. 2 A, B, 4 B) (vs the straight and not bilobed frontal margin in P. macrobrachii (Figs. 3 A, B, 4 C); the forward-projecting front in P. kensleyi (Figs. 2 A, B, 4 B) (vs the sharply deflexed front in P. macrobrachii (Fig. 4 C); the large spine-like exorbital and epibranchial teeth in P. kensleyi (Figs. 2 A, 4 B) (vs very low and inconspicuous exorbital and epibranchial teeth in P. macrobrachii (Figs. 3 A, B, 4 C )); the sharpedged postfrontal crest whose ends curve backward at the sides in P. kensleyi (Figs. 2 A, 4 B) (vs the low and straight postfrontal crest whose ends do not curve backward in P. macrobrachii (Figs. 3 A, 4 C); and the cheliped carpus that is completely missing both proximal and distal teeth in P. kensleyi (Figs. 2 A, 5 J) (vs the cheliped carpus with small but visible granule-sized teeth in P. macrobrachii (Figs. 3 A, 5 L )). In addition, P. kensleyi has slim, slender, straight forceps-like major chela fingers that touch along the distal third of their length, enclosing long slim interspace (Figs. 2 B, 5 C, D) (vs a broad distinctly arched dactylus of the major chela that encloses a broad oval interspace between the fingers that touch only at their tips when closed in P. macrobrachii (Fig. 5 E )); and a male thoracic sternum with an S 3 / 4 that is obscure except for two small side notches, and an S 4 whose outer margins are neither thickened nor raised in P. kensleyi (Fig. 2 B) (vs a deep and v-shaped S 3 / 4 that completely traverses the thoracic sternum, and an S 4 whose outer margins are thickened and raised in P. macrobrachii (Fig. 3 B )). Finally, characters of the G 1 TA of P. kensleyi include its short length (about one-quarter as long as the SA (G 1 TA / SA 0.26 )), its outward angle (at 30 ° to the longitudinal axis of the G 1 SA), and its slim unwidened shape that tapers gently to the tip, and lacks a raised mesial fold (Figs. 6 B, E) (vs a G 1 TA that is about one-third as long as the SA (G 1 TA / SA 0.33), angled more sharply outward at 50 ° to the longitudinal axis of the G 1 SA, and distinctly widened in the midsection by a raised, rounded mesial fold in P. macrobrachii (Figs. 6 C, F )). Characters that distinguish P. kensleyi from P. anchietae include the smooth anterolateral margin of the carapace in the former species (Figs. 2 A, 4 B) (vs a granulated anterolateral margin in P. anchietae (cf. Bott 1955: fig. 1 a )); the third maxilliped ischium that lacks a vertical sulcus in P. kensleyi (Figs. 2 B, 4 B) (vs an ischium with a distinct vertical sulcus in P. anchietae (cf. Bott 1955: fig. 1 b, d )); the cheliped carpus that lacks a distal tooth on the inner margin in P. kensleyi (Figs. 2 A, 5 J) (vs a large and pointed distal tooth in P. anchietae (cf. Bott 1955: fig. 1 a )); and the P 4 dactylus that is slender and elongated in P. kensleyi (Figs. 2 A, B) (vs a short P 4 dactylus in P. anchietae (Bott 1955: fig. 1 a )). Other characters that distinguish P. kensleyi from P. anchetiae include a deeply indented and bilobed frontal margin in P. kensleyi (Figs. 2 A, B, 4 B) (vs a straight frontal margin in P. anchetiae (cf. Bott 1955: fig. 1 a )); a front that projects straight out without curving downward in P. kensleyi (Figs. 2 A, B, 4 B) (vs a front that is distinctly deflexed in P. anchietae (cf. Bott 1955: fig. 1 d )); exorbital and epibranchial teeth that are large forward pointing spines in P. kensleyi (Figs. 2 A, B, 4 B) (vs a small granule and a low and broad tooth, respectively in P. anchietae (cf. Bott 1955: fig. 1 a )); a postfrontal crest that is sharp-edged with ends that curve backward at the sides in P. kensleyi (Figs. 2 A, 4 B) (vs a faint, low and straight postfrontal crest whose ends do not curve backward in P. anchietae (cf. Bott 1955: fig. 1 a )); and the cheliped carpus that lacks distal and proximal teeth on the inner margin in P. kensleyi (Fig. 5 J) (vs a cheliped carpus inner margin with two large, pointed teeth in P. anchietae (cf. Bott 1955: fig. 1 a )). It is interesting that some of the unusual characters of P. kensleyi resemble those of Erimetopus brazzae (A. Milne-Edwards, 1886) from the lower Congo River basin in Central Africa (Cumberlidge & Reed 2004). For example, both species share a conspicuously bilobed deeply indented frontal margin that projects forward rather than curves downward, and large, sharp, forward-pointing epibranchial teeth (P. kensleyi, Fig. 2 A, B; E. brazzae, Bott 1955: pl. 3: figs. 1 a, b; Cumberlidge & Reed 2004: figs. 1, 13, 14). However, these two taxa are not closely related, and can be easily distinguished as follows: P. kensleyi has a larger adult body size above CW 35 mm (vs a smaller adult size range beginning at CW 23.5 mm in E. brazzae); a transversely oval carapace outline (Figs. 2 A, B) (vs a subhexagonal / rounded carapace outline in E. brazzae); a curved broad, upper orbital margin (1 / 4 CW) (vs a semicircular, narrow upper orbital margin (1 / 7 CW) in E. brazzae (cf. Bott 1955: pl. 3: figs. 1 a, b; Cumberlidge & Reed 2004: figs. 1, 13, 14 )); the lack of distal and proximal teeth on the inner margin of the cheliped carpus (vs large, slender, and pointed teeth on the inner margin of the cheliped carpus in E. brazzae); a smooth outer margin of the cheliped carpus (vs a series of pointed teeth on the outer margin in E. brazzae); and carpi and propodi of P 2 – 4 that have smooth anterior margins (vs P 2 – 4 anterior margins lined by spines in E. brazzae (cf. Bott 1955: pl. 3: figs. 1 a; Cumberlidge & Reed 2004: figs. 4, 13 )).	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966040FFC16B83FA72FE1EF8A3.taxon	description	(Figs. 3, 4 C, 5 E, F, K, L, 6 C, F, 7 C, 8)	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966040FFC16B83FA72FE1EF8A3.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. SMF 1892, adult male (CW 32.91, CL 22.3, CH 10.9, FW 10.9 mm), Angola, Benguala, Huambo Province, Luimbale, Serra do Moco (escarpment of Moco) (- 12.466667, 15.166667) 1,800 m ASL, Kuketa stream (tributary of the Catumbela River) draining the Mount Moco Special Reserve, 5 Sep. 1949, coll. A. de Barros Machado. Rediagnosis. Surface of carapace completely smooth with no deep grooves, granules, or carinae; postfrontal crest completely crossing carapace, low in middle, sharp laterally, extending to meet anterolateral margins (Figs. 3 A, 4 C). Exorbital tooth small, low, blunt; epibranchial tooth reduced to granule; anterolateral margin posterior to epibranchial tooth smooth, posterior end continuous with posterolateral margin (Fig. 3 A, B). S 3 / 4 complete, deep, v-shaped, meeting anterior margin of sternopleonal cavity; outer margins of S 4 thickened, raised (Figs. 3 B, 4 C). Third maxilliped ischium vertical sulcus either lacking, or very faint (Fig. 3 B). Distal, proximal teeth on cheliped carpus inner margin both reduced to granules (Figs. 3 A, 5 L). G 1 TA short (TA / SA 0.33), basal half angled slightly outward at 50 ° to longitudinal axis of G 1 SA, distal third tapering to pointed tip; G 1 TA widened in midsection by distinctly raised rounded mesial, lateral folds, equally high, (Fig. 6 C, F); longitudinal groove of G 1 TA visible along proximal two-thirds. G 2 TA long, flagellum-like (G 2 TA / SA 0.33) (Fig. 7 C).	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966040FFC16B83FA72FE1EF8A3.taxon	description	Redescription. Male holotype. Carapace with moderate width (CW / FW 3.0), length (CL / FW 2.0), height (CH / FW 1.0); surface completely smooth with no deep grooves, granules, or carinae; semicircular, urogastric, cardiac, branchial grooves all faint; epigastric crests low, separated by clear, short, forked mid-groove; postfrontal crest completely crossing carapace, low in middle, sharp laterally, meeting anterolateral margins (Fig. 3 A). Exorbital tooth small, low, blunt, epibranchial tooth reduced to granule; anterolateral margin between exorbital, epibranchial teeth smooth, straight, lacking intermediate tooth; anterolateral margin posterior to epibranchial tooth smooth, posterior end continuous with posterolateral margin (Fig. 3 A). Branchiostegite with faintly granulated vertical sulcus; subhepatic, suborbital, pterygostomial regions all smooth (Figs. 3 B, 4 C). Third maxillipeds filling entire oral field, except for transversely oval efferent respiratory openings; exopod with long flagellum, ischium vertical sulcus faint (Fig. 3 B). Mandibular palp 2 - articled; terminal article lacking anterior lobe or ledge. Thoracic sternal sulcii S 1 / 2, S 2 / 3 deep, completely traversing sternum; S 3 / 4 complete, deep, v-shaped, meeting anterior margin of sternopleonal cavity; outer margins of S 4 thickened, raised; thoracic episternal sulci S 4 / E 4, S 5 / E 5, S 6 / E 6, S 7 / E 7 each obscure. Chelipeds unequal, right (major) longer, higher than left (minor) (Fig. 3 A). Dactylus of right chela slim, distinctly arched, enclosing broad oval interspace when closed; propodus palm swollen. Movable finger (dactylus) lacking teeth proximally, distal half with 5 small well-spaced small teeth; fixed finger (pollex of propodus) of right chela with 4 widely spaced small teeth (Fig. 5 E, F). Cheliped carpus inner margin distal, proximal teeth both heavily reduced, proximal tooth granule-sized (Fig. 5 L). Cheliped merus lower margins both lined by granules, distal meral tooth low, blunt (Fig. 5 K). Ambulatory legs (P 2 – 5) slender, P 5 shortest; dactyli P 2 – 5 tapering to point, each bearing rows of downward-pointing sharp bristles (Fig. 3 A). Male pleon, telson together forming slim triangle, pleon edges slightly indented; telson triangular, apex round- ed, base broadest, sides outwardly sloping; pleomeres PL 1 – 6 rectangular, wider than long, PL 6 longest, more than 1 / 2 as long as wide (Fig. 3 B); remaining pleomeres short, less than 1 / 3 as long as wide. G 1 TA short, about 1 / 3 as long as SA (G 1 TA / SA 0.33), angled outward at midpoint at 50 ° to longitudinal axis of G 1 SA; G 1 TA midsection distinctly widened by raised rounded mesial fold, lateral fold low throughout length (Fig. 6 C, F); distal third of G 1 TA slim, tapering to pointed up-curved tip; proximal two-thirds of G 1 TA with longitudinal groove between mesial, lateral folds. G 1 SA widest at base, narrowest at G 1 TA / SA junction; G 1 SA mesial, lateral margins lined by conspicuous long setae; G 1 SA ventral side with broad setae-lined fold that partly covers SA basally, completely covers SA at TA / SA junction. G 2 TA long, flagellum-like (G 2 TA / SA 0.33); G 2 SA widest at base, last two-thirds tapering sharply inward forming long, thin, tapering, upright process supporting long G 2 TA (Fig. 7 C). Size. Medium species, adult at CW 32.0 mm. Colour. The colour of living specimens is unknown, but specimens preserved in ethanol are light brown.	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966040FFC16B83FA72FE1EF8A3.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Angola, Benguala, Huambo Province, Serra do Moco (escarpment of Moco) (- 12.466667, 15.166667) 2,200 m ASL, Kuketa stream, a tributary of the Catumbela River draining the Mount Moco Special Reserve (1898 m ASL). This high-altitude locality is close to Morro de Moco (2,620 m ASL) which the highest point in Angola (Fig. 8).	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966040FFC16B83FA72FE1EF8A3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Potamonautes macrobrachii is known only from just one locality on the escarpment of Serra do Moco (- 12.466667, 15.166667) 2,200 m ASL, in Benguala Huambo Province. The specimen was collected from the Kuketa stream, a tributary of the Catumbela River that drains the Mount Moco Special Reserve (Fig. 8). Habitat. Mount Moco is located in the mountainous province of Huambo, in central-west Angola, and is that country’s highest peak at 2,620 m. The slopes of Mount Moco include steep valleys that support Afromontane forest, while at lower altitudes there is miombo woodland. Conservation status. Potamonautes macrobrachii was listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as Data Deficient (Cumberlidge 2008 c) because there is very little information available on its distributional range, population size and trends, or habitat. Although Mount Moco Special Reserve is a protected area it currently receives little protection from unsustainable and unregulated wood collection for logging and firewood, and uncontrolled bush fires. All of this represents a potential threat to the habitat of this little-known species.	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
C76087966040FFC16B83FA72FE1EF8A3.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The affinities of P. macrobrachii (based on similarities of characters of the carapace, chelipeds, and gonopods) place it close to southern African species such as P. mulanjeensis Daniels & Bayliss, 2012 from Mount Mulanje in Malawi and P. mutareensis Phiri & Daniels, 2013 from the eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe (Daniels & Bayliss 2012; Phiri & Daniels 2013). In Angola, P. macrobrachii is found at the same location as P. anchietae and both share a similar carapace height and frontal margin width (CH / FW 1.08, P. macrobrachii, 1.07, P. anchietae; and FW / CW 0.34, P. macrobrachii, 0.32, P. anchietae), and both have a prominent and complete postfrontal crest, a greatly reduced epibranchial tooth (either granular or missing), a v-shaped thoracic sternal sulcus S 3 / 4 that is deep at the sides and shallow in the middle, and a cheliped merus whose inferior margins are either granular or smooth. Characters that distinguish P. macrobrachii from P. anchietae include the following: the cheliped merus of P. macrobrachii is greatly elongated (Figs. 3 A, 5 K, L) (vs a cheliped merus of normal length in P. anchietae (cf. Bott 1955: fig. 1 a, d); the distal and proximal teeth on the inner margin of the cheliped carpus of P. macrobrachii are both rounded and low (Figs. 5 K, L) (vs two pointed teeth in P. anchietae (cf. Bott 1955: fig. 1 a )); the branchiostegite of P. macrobrachii is divided by two sutures into three parts (Figs. 3 B, 4 C) (vs divided into four parts in P. anchetiae (cf. Cumberlidge & Tavares 2006 )); and the G 1 TA of P. macrobrachii is strikingly widened in the midsection by a raised, rounded mesial fold that is significantly higher than the lateral fold (Fig. 6 C, F) (vs a G 1 TA that is only slightly widened in the midsection by a low mesial fold that is only slightly higher than the lateral fold in P. anchietae (cf. Bott 1955: fig. 25 )).	en	Cumberlidge, Neil, Ahles, Katelyn M., Daniels, Savel R. (2021): Redescriptions of three species of freshwater crabs from Angola, southern Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae). Zootaxa 5032 (4): 516-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.3
