taxonID	type	description	language	source
6BCE65B9F62A0B823B64A8FCA995768B.taxon	materials_examined	BMNH 1987.9.17.5 (1 paratype), 80.9 mm SL; China: Yunnan, Deqin County, Liudongjiang. Additional data from Chu (1982).	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
D31D93BF36E4130F7C4920E8842A1D8D.taxon	discussion	Sisorid catfishes of the genus Pseudecheneis Blyth, 1860, are diagnosed by a thoracic adhesive apparatus consisting of a series of transverse ridges (laminae) separated by grooves (sulcae) (de Pinna, 1996; Roberts, 1998), and are found in the upper reaches of rivers throughout the Subhimalayan and Indochinese region. Recent studies (Ng & Edds, 2005; Ng, 2006 a; Ng, 2006 b) recognize eleven valid species of Pseudecheneis: P. sulcata (M'Clelland, 1842); P. paviei Vaillant, 1904; P. tchangi (Hora, 1937); P. immaculata Chu, 1982; P. sulcatoides Zhou & Chu, 1992; P. sympelvica Roberts, 1998; P. crassicauda Ng & Edds, 2005; P. serracula Ng & Edds, 2005; P. eddsi Ng, 2006; P. stenura Ng, 2006; and P. suppaetula Ng, 2006.	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
B90837C4766002A4BB4C474206711912.taxon	description	(Fig. 1)	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
B90837C4766002A4BB4C474206711912.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Pseudecheneis maurus is distinguished from all congeners in having a shorter adipose-fin base (1.2 times length of anal-fin base vs. 1.5 - 2.0 times; 15.7 % SL vs. 17.6 - 30.6), (except for P. sympelvica) thoracic adhesive apparatus with sulcae not meeting (vs. meeting) at midline and (except for P. immaculata) in lacking (vs. having) distinct pale spots on the body. It further differs from P. immaculata in having a shorter pectoral fin (24.3 % SL vs. 32.0) and shorter and deeper caudal peduncle (length 21.2 % SL vs. 28.8; depth 6.0 % SL vs. 4.0). from. It differs from P. paviei and P. sympelvica in having an elongate body with 38 vertebrae (vs. short body with 33 - 35 vertebrae) and from P. sympelvica in having separate (vs. fused) pelvic fins.	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
B90837C4766002A4BB4C474206711912.taxon	description	Description. Biometric data as in Table 1. Head and abdominal region narrow and strongly depressed. Dorsal profile rising gently from tip of snout to origin of dorsal fin, then almost horizontal or sloping very gently ventrally to end of caudal peduncle. Ventral profile horizontal to anal-fin base, then sloping very gently dorsally to end of caudal peduncle. Caudal peduncle long and moderately compressed. Anus and urogenital openings located at posteriormost extent of pelvic fin. Skin smooth, tuberculate in some areas. Lateral line complete and midlateral. Vertebrae 19 + 19 = 38. Head acutely rounded when viewed from above. Gill openings moderate, extending from posttemporal region to base of first pectoral-fin element. Head covered with thick, tuberculate skin. Ventral surface of head with unculiferous collar on distal margin of branchiostegal membrane immediately anterior to thoracic adhesive apparatus. Thoracic adhesive apparatus consisting of 13 transverse ridges (laminae) separated by grooves (sulcae); sulcae not meeting at midline of adhesive apparatus. Adhesive apparatus extending from immediately posterior to collar on distal margin of branchiostegal membrane to immediately posterior to level of last pectoralfin ray. Barbels flattened, and in four pairs. Maxillary barbel with ventral surface densely covered with papillae, and pointed tip; barbel extending about two-thirds of distance between its base and base of first pectoral-fin element. Distal half of barbel attached to snout via large, thin flap of skin. Nasal barbel with small flap of thin skin fringing posterior margin and extending midway to distance between posterior nares and anterior orbital margin. Inner mandibular-barbel densely covered with papillae; origin close to midline, extending to collar on distal margin of branchiostegal membrane. Outer mandibular barbel originating posterolateral of inner mandibular barbel, extending to level of anterior orbital margin. Eye small and almost rounded, subcutaneous and located on dorsal surface of head. Mouth inferior, with moderately broad, thin papillate lips. Rictal lobe large and papillate. Premaxillary tooth band not exposed when mouth is closed. Premaxillary teeth short and conical, arranged in irregular rows on a moderately large quadrangular patch. Dentary teeth long, thin and somewhat rounded at tip; arranged in irregular rows on two separated, roughly triangular patches. Dorsal-fin origin located at point through anterior third of body. First and second dorsal fin-ray elements not ossified, bearing i, 6 rays, and fin margin straight. Adipose fin with very short base, 1.2 times anal-fin base length; located in middle third of postdorsal region. Adipose fin margin gently convex; posterior end deeply incised. Caudal fin forked, with i, 7,8, i principal rays; procurrent rays symmetrical and extend only slightly anterior to fin base. Anal fin with short base extending less than half of adipose fin-base length and iii, 7, i rays. Anal fin margin almost straight. Pelvic-fin origin at vertical through second or third dorsal fin-ray base. Pelvic fin greatly enlarged, extending to base of first anal-fin ray. Anterior fin margin strongly convex, first element broadened and with regular striae on ventral surface; with i, 5 rays. Pectoral fin greatly enlarged and with convex anterior margin, reaching to just beyond pelvic-fin base. First element not ossified, broadened and with regular striae on ventral surface; fin with i, 1 1, i rays. Coloration. In 70 % ethanol: chestnut brown on dorsal and lateral surfaces of head and body, fading to light brown on ventral region. Dorsal surfaces of head and body with indistinct light brown patches on supraoccipital spine and immediately anterior to dorsal-spine base. Lateral surfaces of body with very faint light brown patches: one patch immediately posterior to last dorsal-fin ray and an elongate ovate spots on side of body immediately ventral to origin of adipose fin. Dorsal and anal fins with chestnut brown base and subdistal band. Adipose fin chestnut brown, with light brown anterior margin and margin along posterior twothirds of fin. Caudal fin chestnut brown, with small hyaline spot on lobes near horizontal midline and hyaline distal margin. Dorsal surfaces of pectoral and pelvic fin bases chestnut brown, with hyaline distal margin; ventral surfaces hyaline. Maxillary and nasal barbels chestnut brown dorsally and light brown ventrally.	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
B90837C4766002A4BB4C474206711912.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Presently known only from the Song Thuy Loan River drainage (of which the Cat Lon stream is a tributary) that drains the eastern face of the Annam Cordillera in central Vietnam (Fig. 2).	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
B90837C4766002A4BB4C474206711912.taxon	biology_ecology	Habitat. The single specimen was obtained from a riffle zone of a small hill stream (ca 2 - 4 m wide, ca 10 - 30 cm deep). The bottom consists of fine gravel and granitic rocks, with exposed boulders along the banks and streamline (Fig. 3). The water was swift flowing and cool (ca 24 ° C). No other fish were obtained from this habitat, although at least six species of amphibian tadpoles were present (unpub. data).	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
B90837C4766002A4BB4C474206711912.taxon	etymology	Etymology. From the Greek mauros, meaning dark, in reference to the absence of distinct pale spots on the body of this species. Used as a noun in apposition.	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
B90837C4766002A4BB4C474206711912.taxon	discussion	Discussion The relatively short adipose-fin base of P. maurus easily distinguishes the species from congeners. The thoracic adhesive apparatus of P. maurus is also distinctive, with the sulcae not meeting at the midline. Only P. sympelvica has an adhesive apparatus with a similar morphology, but it can be distinguished from P. maurus by the characters mentioned in the diagnosis. Pseudecheneis maurus represents the first record of the genus in river drainages draining the eastern face of the Annam Cordillera. The most geographically proximate species is P. sympelvica, which is found in the Nam Theun river drainage (part of the Mekong River drainage) that drains the western face of the Annam Cordillera (ca. 400 km to the northwest). However, in addition to the different vertebral counts, fused pelvic fins, different color pattern and longer adipose fin base of P. sympelvica as outlined in the diagnosis, P. sympelvica further differs from P. maurus in having a more slender caudal peduncle (depth 4.7 - 4.8 % SL vs. 6.0). The description of Pseudecheneis maurus from only a single specimen (only one specimen was obtained in spite of intensive sampling lasting about an hour on each of three separate occasions at the type locality) is justifiable in this case because of the clear differences in the morphology of this species from all its congeners. These differences are present in morphological characters (e. g. length of adipose-fin base, depth of caudal peduncle) that have been shown to be useful for diagnosing other congeners (Ng, 2006 a; 2006 b; Ng & Edds, 2005). Furthermore, P. maurus is known from an area where the genus has not been previously recorded and where considerable endemicity in the freshwater ichthyofauna has been demonstrated (e. g. Freyhof & Serov, 2000).	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
9F3DC5D91C439272B7A5AD6760598D25.taxon	materials_examined	BMNH 1958.9.1.8 (holotype), 103.7 mm SL; BMNH 1958.9.1.9 (1 paratype), 56.8 mm SL; Nepal: Mewa Khola (River), Dhankuta District, 27 ° 0 ' N 87 ° 20 ' E. BMNH 1970.12.14.230 (1 paratype), 136.8 mm SL; Nepal: Mewa Khola (River), Sanghu.	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
11A431DF47B75B738A27A4E74FE1B8CD.taxon	materials_examined	KU 36872 (holotype), 84.1 mm SL; KU 29629 (5 paratypes), 40.5 - 74.4 mm SL; Nepal: Tanahun, Khairenitar, Seti River (Ganges River drainage), 28 ° 2 ' 0.0 " N 84 ° 4 ' 0.0 " E. CAS 44188 (3 paratypes), 45.5 - 62.1 mm SL; CAS 50306 (30 paratypes), 34.7 - 45.8 mm SL; Nepal: Mahesh Khola, 24 - 32 km WNW of Kathmandu, on the road to Pokhara (Ganges River drainage). KU 29084 (3 paratypes), 55.8 - 94.4 mm SL; Nepal: Tanahun, Khairenitar, Seti River (Ganges River drainage), 28 ° 2 ' 0.0 " N 84 ° 4 ' 0.0 " E.	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
18D2DB12CBD730D505A2BF140A9F8DAF.taxon	materials_examined	BMNH 1987.9.17.24 (1 paratype of P. intermedius), 55.5 mm SL; China: Yunnan, Jingdong County, Dongbao. BMNH 2003.2.9.2 - 3 (2), 51.1 - 51.2 mm SL; China: Yunnan, Jingdong County, Yuanjiang drainage. MNHN 1935 - 0042 (1), 47.0 mm SL; Vietnam: Nghia Lo.	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
B52FEB85903310A45FB257D69B89759B.taxon	materials_examined	KU 29554 (holotype), 153.2 mm SL; Nepal: Mugu / Bajura, Jhugala, Karnali River, purchased at Jhugala, 29 ° 31 ' 18.0 " N 81 ° 46 ' 48.0 " E. BMNH 1985.9.16.50 - 51 (2 paratypes), 48.0 - 48.2 mm SL; Nepal: Narayani River, Chitawan National Park. KU 28669 (5 paratypes), 41.5 - 56.5 mm SL; Nepal: Kanchanpur, Brahamadev, Mahakali River at Brahamadev, 29 ° 4 ' 54.1 " N 80 ° 8 ' 30.1 " E. KU 29038 (1 paratype), 58.0 mm SL; Nepal: Gulmi / Syangja, Kali Gandaki River at Ridi Bazar; 27 ° 56 ' 6.0 " N 83 ° 26 ' 30.1 " E. KU 35545 (2 paratypes), 48.0 - 95.3 mm SL; Nepal: Tanahun, Khairenitar, Seti River at Khairenitar, 28 ° 2 ' 0.0 " N 84 ° 4 ' 0.0 " E. OSUS 15703 (4 paratypes), 31.6 - 59.3 mm SL; Nepal: Syangja, Kali Gandaki River at Nimaa. OSUS 15718 (9 paratypes), 34.1 - 75.5 mm SL; Nepal: Gulmi / Syangja, Kali Gandaki River at Ridi Bazar; 27 ° 56 ' 6.0 " N 83 ° 26 ' 30.1 " E. OSUS 15729 (3 paratypes), 53.5 - 59.6 mm SL; Nepal: Baglung, Kali Gandaki River at Sumsaa Ghat (Binamaare). OSUS 15736 (6 paratypes), 19.8 - 54.4 mm SL; Nepal: Myagdi, Kali Gandaki River at Simaa. OSUS 16340 (1 paratype), 79.5 mm SL; Nepal: Chitawan, Narayani River at Narayanagarh, upstream from irrigation office. OSUS 16609 (1 paratype), 22.2 mm SL; Nepal: Chitawan, Narayani River at Amaltaari Ghat. OSUS 16637 (15 paratypes), 63.0 - 130.5 mm SL; Nepal: Chitawan, Narayani River at Narayangarh, upstream from irrigation office. OSUS 16695 (1 paratype), 62.3 mm SL; Nepal: Syangja, Kali Gandaki River at Nimaa. OSUS 17179 (1 paratype), 80.0 mm SL; Nepal: Syangja, Kali Gandaki River at Nimaa.	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
C6427CB1E3737ECDA34A1E5CD7E9A119.taxon	materials_examined	KIZ 199811999 (holotype), 132.1 mm SL; CAS 219177 (55 paratypes), 41.3 - 180.1 mm SL; China: Yunnan, Baoshan Prefecture, Longchuanjiang at Lianmengjie bridge (Irrawaddy River drainage).	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
E6C40E746A80486FD060B45DF740C858.taxon	materials_examined	BMNH 1870.11.30.56 (3), 99.8 - 129.0 mm SL; BMNH 1889.2.1.2718 - 2719 (2), 60.9 - 89.8 mm SL; ZMA 121.861 (1), 87.8 mm SL; India: Meghalaya, Khasi Hills. BMNH 1928.9.17.5 (1), 83.8 mm SL; India: Meghalaya, Khasi Hills, Nong Priang stream. UMMZ 243677 (10) 46.6 - 118.1 mm SL; India: West Bengal, Rishi Khola (River) at Rishi (on W Bengal-Sikkim border), 27 ° 9 ' 56.0 " N 88 ° 38 ' 7.0 " E. ZMA 121.862 (1), 55.2 mm SL; India: Meghalaya, Nong Priang stream below Cherrapunji.	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
F2B45C6D883FD68F07838784B0002DF1.taxon	materials_examined	CMK 5611 (3), 19.5 - 87.5 mm SL; China: Yunnan, Yangbi River from its confluence with Er-Hai River to about 20 km upstream of Yangbi. Additional data from Zhou & Chu (1992).	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
1AD5BB776EA9761D559F533D0E117CD4.taxon	materials_examined	NRM 36977 (holotype), 84.1 mm SL; NRM 36968 (1 paratype), 41.3 mm SL; NRM 36974 (2 paratypes), 66.6 - 77.5 mm SL; India: Himachal Pradesh, Ganges River drainage, upper reaches of Giri River, in Chhaila area (in the vicinity of Kotkhai), 31 ° 6 ' 15 " N 77 ° 25 ' 56 " E.	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
CC61C09C15D4EBF0D4FC3669679A35D3.taxon	materials_examined	ZRC 40359 (holotype), 55.0 mm SL; ZRC 40360 (1 paratype), 55.3 mm SL; Laos: Khammouan province, Nam Theun drainage, Nam Veo, tributary of Nam Phao, 25 km E of Lak Sao. CMK 12257 (3), 54.6 - 55.4 mm SL; Laos: Khammouan Province, Nam Theun, waterfall about 7 km downriver of NT 2 dam site, 18 ° 1 ' 40 " N 104 ° 58 ' 54 " E. CMK 15231 (1), 62.4 mm SL; Laos: Xiangkhouang Province, Nam Ngum, rapids downstream of Ban Latbouak, 19 ° 36 ' 20 " N 103 ° 14 ' 28 " E. UMMZ 241107 (1), 43.7 mm SL; Laos: Luang Prabang Province, Nam Khan at Keng Noun (rapids), 10 km E of Luang Prabang.	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
0EF95446268ABC7E5076E85EF85E5FC3.taxon	materials_examined	ASIZB 20010 (holotype), 120 mm SL; China: Yunnan (photographs examined).	en	Heok Hee Ng, Heok Hui Tan (2007): Pseudecheneis maurus, a new species of glyptosternine catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1406: 25-32, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EC50E44D-9698-4C65-ADFB-6868AE486DFD
