identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
B87E87A5FFD0FFA60D48FA815D9F7F28.text	B87E87A5FFD0FFA60D48FA815D9F7F28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma afra Boheman 1836	<div><p>EURYTOMA AFRA BOHEMAN, 1836 (FIG. 10A–D)</p><p>Eurytoma afra Boheman, 1836: 242–243 . Original description. Sweden. Graham, 1970: 147 – revised synonymy, comparison with E. morio .</p><p>Decatomidea polygraphi Ashmead, 1894: 322–323 . Original description. USA, Virginia.</p><p>= Eurytoma albimana Boheman, 1836; Dalla Torre, 1898: 332.</p><p>Eurytoma saliciperdae Mayr, 1878; Ferrière, 1950: 381 (misidentification).</p><p>Ipideurytoma spessivtsevi Boucˇek &amp; Novicky, 1954: 269–261. Original description. Sweden.</p><p>Host: Trypodendron signatum (Fabricius, 1787) (under Xyloterus lineatus). Zerova, 1998: 32: = Eurytoma polygraphi (Ashmead) .</p><p>Ipideurtytoma [sic] polygraphi (Ashmead): Bugbee, 1956: 506.</p><p>= Decatomidea polygraphi Ashmead syn. nov.</p><p>KEY TO EUROPEAN SPECIES OF EURYTOMA BELONGING TO THE MORIO GROUP</p><p>Females</p><p>1. Metacoxa densely setose dorsally from base (Figs 4N, 22D, 27F). Marginal vein somewhat to evidently thick- ened, 2.90–4.80 times as long as wide (Figs 11G, 22H). Lower surface of costal cell most often bearing numerous short setae, sometimes entirely setose or leaving a narrow posterior bare stripe (Figs 11F, 22G)..............2</p><p>1′. Metacoxa bare dorsally at base or marginal vein not thickened, at least 6.00 times as long as wide (Figs 12H, 13G, 25J, 30J). Setation of lower surface of costal cell as usual, not especially dense (Figs 16H, 25J, 30J)...............................................................................................................................................6</p><p>2(1). Notauli appearing as complete impressed lines, not obliterated by the sculpture of the mesoscutum (Fig. 35A, C). Valvulae generally ascending only slightly (Figs 11H, 27H)...........................................................3</p><p>2′. Notauli hardly impressed and/or obliterated by the sculpture (Figs 14D, 22C). Valvulae evidently ascending (Figs 15A, 22I)...........................................................................................................................5</p><p>3(2). Body with following parts light: lateral panel of pronotum anteriorly, pro- and mesocoxae, acropleuron, edge of oral fossa. Marginal vein thick, 2.90 times as long as wide (Fig. 11G). Wing membrane with relatively broad diffuse infumation posterior to marginal vein. Median channel of propodeum with complete, mostly regular, median ridge (Fig. 11E)............................................................... Eurytoma aloisifilippoi (Russo, 1938)</p><p>3′. Body with lateral panel of pronotum, pro- and mesocoxae, acropleuron, edge of oral fossa dark. Marginal vein less thick than in alternate, at least 3.50 times as long as wide (Fig. 29D, H). Median channel of propodeum without, or with partial, irregular and sinuous median ridge.............................................................4</p><p>4(3). Marginal vein wider than in the alternative, 3.50–4.50 times as long as wide and widening distally (Fig. 29H). Lower surface of costal cell completely densely setose (Fig. 29F), the setae mostly white and relatively short (Fig. 29E, G)............................................................................... Eurytoma striolata Ratzeburg, 1848</p><p>4′. Marginal vein slender than in the alternative, about 4.85–5.00 times as long as wide, not widening distally (Fig. 29D). Lower surface of costal cell with a narrow posterior bare stripe (visible only when the wing is tilted; Fig. 29B), setation longer and mostly dark (Fig. 29C). ............. Eurytoma melanoneura Walker, 1871</p><p>5(2′). Walls of punctures strongly raised on mesonotum, forming transverse crests on pronotum (Fig. 14D–F). Head long and globose, 1.65–1.70 times as wide as long (Fig. 14B) ........................ Eurytoma cristata sp. nov.</p><p>5′. Walls of punctures not strongly raised, not forming crests on pronotum (Fig. 22C). Head relatively shorter, 1.75–2.0 times as wide as long (Fig. 22A). ............................................ Eurytoma morio Boheman, 1836</p><p>6(1′). Frons forming blunt angle with vertex, which is in the same plan as the pronotal collar (Fig. 10B). Head transverse in frontal view, subtrapezoidal (Fig. 10A). Pronotum with large and well-delimited yellow spots, visible laterally (Fig. 10B). Pronotal collar with small but relatively deep punctures, separated by coriaceous interspaces (Fig. 10C). Axillar grooves narrow and superficial (Fig. 10C). Postgenal carina strongly raised, appearing triangular in lateral view (Fig. 10B) ........................................ Eurytoma afra Boheman, 1836</p><p>6′. Head rounded in frontal view (Fig. 21A) and/or not so transverse (Fig. 13A). Frons as usual, merging pro- gressively towards vertex (Fig. 18C). Lateral panel of pronotum generally completely black (Fig. 20D), some- times with diffuse yellowish spot. Pronotal collar generally densely punctured, the points separated by narrow interspaces (Figs 13D, 18F), or punctures shallow (Fig. 24D). Axillar grooves deep except sometimes anteri- orly. Postgenal carina not so raised (Fig. 18C).................................................................................7</p><p>7(6′). Pronotum finely and sparsely punctured, the points rounded, interspaces distinctly coriaceous (Fig. 5G). Lower face entirely strigose, with radiating crests reaching eyes and antennal toruli (Fig. 21A). Head long and globose, 1.60 times as wide as long when seen in dorsal view, with very convex frons (Fig. 21B). Parasitoids of bark beetles .......................................................................................... Eurytoma maura Boheman, 1836</p><p>7′. Pronotum densely areolate, punctured with narrow interspaces (Figs 13D, 18F). Lower face most often partly punctured and showing a supraclypeal smooth stripe (Figs 25D, 32B). Head often more transverse than in alternate, 1.70–2.00 times as wide as long (Figs 12A, 13B, 18B, 30B). Hosts sometimes different or species seed eaters................................................................................................................................8</p><p>8(7′). Small size species (2.40–2.90 mm) with elongate gaster (Fig. 24F, 25K). At least procoxa (as in Fig. 26A) and ovipositor reddish, the former sometimes brownish but never black. Species associated with gall midges of the genus Rhabdophaga on Salix spp.............................................................................................9</p><p>8′. Species of larger size (more than 3.0 mm) and/or with relatively less elongate gaster (Figs 12G, 18K, 30K). Procoxa black, ovipositor dark, at most lighter at apex. Parasitoids of bark beetles or other xylophagous Coleoptera within seeds of pines or seed eaters on coniferous trees .................................................................. 10</p><p>9(8). Puncturation on pro- and mesonotum superficial with coriaceous interspaces (Fig. 24D). Head long and globose, 1.55 times as wide as long, with very convex frons (Fig. 24B). Lower face almost smooth, showing only ra- diating striolae. Vertex and upper frons coriaceous (Fig. 24C). Lateral prepectus not delimited from sublateral, the reticulate sculpture continuing there (Fig. 24E). Femora and tibiae more extensively fuscous .............. ......................................................................................................... Eurytoma nobbei Mayr, 1878</p><p>9′. Puncturation on mesonotum prominent, not superficial (Fig. 25F). Head shorter than in alternate, 1.75 times as wide as long (Fig. 25A). Lower face mostly punctured with short radiating crests (Fig. 25D). Lateral prepectus delimited ventrally by a distinct ridge (as in Fig. 26A). Legs mostly reddish, except metacoxa and small fuscous spots on meso- and metafemora............................................................. Eurytoma saliphila sp. nov.</p><p>10(8′). Gaster relatively short and not laterally compressed, at most as long as mesosoma when excluding the hori- zontal ovipositor (Figs 30K, 16K).................................................................................................11</p><p>10′. Gaster distinctly longer than mesosoma and laterally compressed, with ovipositor ascending (Figs 12G, 13H, 18K, 19F, 20G, 31A)..................................................................................................................12</p><p>11(10). Metacoxa sparsely setose dorsally (Fig. 30I). Ovipositor completely reddish (Fig. 30K). Notauli broad and deeply impressed (Fig. 30F). Clypeus distinctly emarginate on ventral margin (Fig. 30A). Head less transverse than in alternate when seen in frontal view, somewhat roundish (Fig. 30A) ............. Eurytoma sylviae sp. nov.</p><p>11′. Metacoxa bare dorsally. Ovipositor light only at apex (Fig. 16K). Notauli shallow (Fig. 16F). Clypeus hardly emarginate (Fig. 16A). Head more transverse in frontal view, subtrapezoidal (Fig. 16A). Nearctic species intro- duced in Europe, seed eater on Pseudotsuga menziesii .................................... Eurytoma gatesi sp. nov.</p><p>12(10′). Anterior outline of mesepisternum with blunt angle in front of mesocoxae, delimiting anteriorly an apparent ventral shelf when seen in lateral view (Figs 18G, 31B). Lower face entirely strigose, the radiating crests reaching eyes and antennal toruli (Fig. 18A)................................................. Eurytoma ithma sp. nov.</p><p>12′. Mesepisternum with flat or hardly convex anterior outline (Figs 12F, 13E, 19D, 20D). Lower face with median smooth stripe, crests short (Fig. 13A)........................................................................................... 13</p><p>13(12′). Gaster elongate, at least 1.90 times as long as third gastral tergite height (Figs 12G, 13H, 19F). Ovipositor moderately ascending. All funicular segments clearly longer than wide (Figs 12B, 13C, 19C). Clypeus and subantennal stripe smooth, lower face otherwise punctured (Fig. 13A) ............................................... 14</p><p>13′. Gaster less elongate, 1.60 times as long as third gastral tergite height, with ovipositor strongly ascending (Fig. 20G). Funicular segment shorter, F4–F5 hardly longer than wide (Fig. 20B). Lower face punctured strigose (Fig. 32B, C). Larvae phytophagous in seeds of Larix spp.............................. Eurytoma laricis Yano, 1918</p><p>14(13). Vertex with coriaceous transverse stripe between lateral ocelli (Fig. 19B). Head globose in dorsal view, 1.77 times as wide as long, the outline of frons strongly convex (Fig. 19A). Outline of genae convex when seen in frontal view. Scape entirely black on holotype. Reared together with xylophagous beetles......................... ................................................................................................... Eurytoma kangasi Hedqvist, 1966</p><p>14′. Vertex entirely punctured (Figs 12A, 13B). Head more transverse in dorsal view, 1.85–1.95 times as wide as long (Figs 12A, 13B), with outline of frons less convex. Outline of genae straight or almost so (Fig. 13A). Scape at least with base partly reddish–testaceous (Fig. 13C) ................................................................... 15</p><p>15(14′). Notauli broad but hardly impressed, obliterated by sculpture and appearing crenulate (Fig. 12C, D). Temples angulate with occiput (Fig. 12A). Gaster shorter than in alternate, 1.90 times as long as height of third gastral tergite (Fig. 12G). Cleptoparasite of Scambus upon Pissodes validirostris within cones of Pinus spp........... ................................................................................................... Eurytoma annilai Hedqvist, 1974</p><p>15′. Notauli narrower than in alternate, appearing as impressed lines, not or little obliterated by sculpture (Fig. 13D). Temples merging with occiput (Fig. 13B). Gaster longer than in alternate, 2.20 times as long as height of third gastral tergite (Fig. 13H). Parasitoid of bark beetles on coniferous trees........................................ .................................................................................................... Eurytoma arctica Thomson, 1876</p><p>Known males</p><p>1. Metacoxa densely setose dorsally from base (as in Fig. 4N). Marginal vein somewhat to evidently thickened, 2.90–4.80 times as long as wide (as in Figs 22H, 29D, H). Lower surface of costal cell densely setose (as in Figs 22G, 29A, E). Clypeus emarginate on ventral margin (Fig. 33C, F) or pronotum with cristate sculpture (as in Fig. 14D–F) ...................................................................................................................... 2</p><p>1′. Metacoxa bare dorsally at base or marginal vein not thickened, at least 6.0 times as long as wide (as in Figs 12H, 13G, 18J, 25J). Setation of lower surface of costal cell as usual, not especially dense (as in Fig 16H). Clypeus often hardly emarginate (as in Fig. 32C).............................................................................6</p><p>2(1). Notauli appearing as complete impressed lines, not obliterated by the sculpture of the mesoscutum (as in Fig. 35A)...................................................................................................................................3</p><p>2′. Notauli hardly impressed and/or obliterated by sculpture (as in Figs 14D, 22C) .................................... 5</p><p>3(2). Marginal vein shorter and distinctly widening distally, 3.50–4.50 times as long as wide (as in Figs 11G, 29H)...............................................................................................................................................4</p><p>3′. Marginal vein less thick than in alternate, 4.85 times as long as wide, and not widened distally (as in Fig. 29D) .................................................................................. Eurytoma melanoneura Walker, 1871</p><p>4(3). Marginal vein quite wide, 2.90 times as long as wide (as in Fig. 11G). Wing membrane with diffuse infumation below marginal vein ................................................................... Eurytoma aloisifilippoi (Russo, 1938)</p><p>4′. Marginal vein less wide, 3.50–4.50 times as long as wide (as in Fig. 29H). Wing membrane without infumation below marginal vein..................................................................... Eurytoma striolata Ratzeburg, 1848</p><p>5(2′). Walls of punctures strongly raised on mesonotum, forming transverse crests on pronotum (as in Fig. 14E, F). Scape with large reticulate surface on inner side (Fig. 14I). Dark species: head, mesosoma, scape, legs, except trochanters and knees, dark to black........................................................ Eurytoma cristata sp. nov.</p><p>5′. Walls of punctures raised as usual on mesonotum, not forming crests on pronotum (as in Fig. 22C). Scape with a small and smooth ventral swelling (Fig. 23D). Species extremely variable in coloration: sometimes head, mesosoma, petiole, and legs entirely yellow (Fig. 23A, B); in the darkest forms at least part of scape, a spot on lateral panel of pronotum, and procoxae yellow................................. Eurytoma morio Boheman, 1836</p><p>6(1′). Adscrobal carina raised ventrally on mesepisternum and elbowed, delimiting a ventral shelf when seen in lateral view (Fig. 31B). Scape with long but hardly protruding ventral swelling (Fig. 18L)........................ ............................................................................................................. Eurytoma ithma sp. nov.</p><p>6′. Adscrobal carina not raised and mesepisternum rounded anteriorly in front of mesocoxae (as in Figs 12F, 13E, 19D, 20D). Scape either with distinct ventral swelling or with very short smooth area....................7</p><p>7(6′). Scape with a small apico-ventral swelling (Figs 10D, 21H). Pronotum finely and sparsely punctured, the points rounded and interspaces distinctly coriaceous (as in Fig. 5G). Lower face entirely strigose, the radiating crests long, reaching antennal toruli and lower margin of eyes (as in Figs 10A, 21A)......................................8</p><p>7′. Scape with a large ventral swelling, either contrasting in colour with the rest of the surface or strongly promi- nent (Figs 13J, 20I, 34C, 34F) ...................................................................................................... 9</p><p>8(7). Head transverse in dorsal and frontal views (as in Fig. 10A). Spots on pronotum extended on lateral panels (as in Fig. 10B). Swelling (= sensillar plate bearing pores visible through integument) of scape subcircular, relatively protruding (Fig. 10D)............................................................. Eurytoma afra Boheman, 1836</p><p>8′. Head roundish in frontal view, long and globose in dorsal view (as in Fig. 21A, B). Sensillar plate of scape hardly protruding (Fig. 21H) ............................................................. Eurytoma maura Boheman, 1836</p><p>9(7′). Scape reddish with dark, not very prominent swelling (Fig. 26C). F5 symmetric and without apical peduncle (Fig. 26D). Legs reddish, except meso- and metacoxae and the relevant femora, partly fuscus (Fig. 26A). Species associated with gall midges of the genus Rhabdophaga on Salix spp. ........... Eurytoma saliphila sp. nov.</p><p>9′. Scape black or nearly so, and quite prominent ventrally (Figs 13J, 20I, 17B, 34C, F). F5 generally strongly asymmetric and with apical peduncle (Figs 13I, 20H, 17A, 34A, 34D). Tibiae and procoxa dark. Parasitoids of seed eaters associated with coniferous trees...............................................................................10</p><p>10(9′). All funicular segments strongly asymmetric, nodiform, and with an apical peduncle (Figs 17A, 20H, 34A, D). Scape completely black (Figs 17B, 20I). Larvae seed eaters or parasitoids of seed eaters on coniferous cones .............................................................................................................................................11</p><p>10′. F5 symmetric and with very short apical peduncle, other segments elongate and only fairly nodiform (Fig. 13I). Base of scape pale (Fig. 13J). Parasitoid of bark beetles on coniferous trees........................................... .................................................................................................... Eurytoma arctica Thomson, 1876</p><p>11(10). Pilosity of forewing white (Fig. 12H). Propodeum with deep and crenulate median channel, the median crest short and irregular. Cleptoparasite of Scambus upon Pissodes validirostris within cones of Pinus spp......... ................................................................................................... Eurytoma annilai Hedqvist, 1974</p><p>11′. Pilosity of forewing entirely dark. Propodeum sometimes with superficial median channel and complete median crest (Fig. 20J). Larvae seed eaters..............................................................................................12</p><p>12(11′). Median channel of propodeum superficial, but with complete median crest (Fig. 20J). Scape abruptly nar- rowing at apex on ventral margin (Figs 20I, 34C). Larvae phytophagous in seeds of Larix spp. ................. .......................................................................................................... Eurytoma laricis Yano, 1918</p><p>12′. Propodeum with deep and crenulate median channel, the median crest short and irregular (Fig. 17C). Scape progressively narrowing at apex on ventral margin (Fig. 17B). Nearctic species introduced in Europe, phytophagous in seeds of Pseudotsuga menziesii ............................................................... Eurytoma gatesi sp. nov.</p><p>= Ipideurytoma spessivtsevi Boucˇek &amp; Novicky syn. nov.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Eurytoma afra . Lectotype designated by Claridge and here validated, with the following labelling ‘afra m ♂ flavimana 93’ (manuscript)/(grey label without writing)/ ‘498 Sm’ (manuscript, for Smoland) (red label)/NRM Stockholm (in NHRC). Decatomidea polygraphi . Type female labelled ‘Morgantown W Va’ (manuscript)/‘type’/ ‘4114’/‘ex Polygraphus rufipennis on spruce’/‘type USNM 2176’ (in USNM). Ipideurytoma spessivtsevi . Type ma- terial not examined but the original description leaves no doubt about the identity of the species, which is so distinctive as to be described in a separate genus.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The taxonomy of E. afra is somewhat complicated as the existing type is a male. The original female – not that selected by Thomson, and later examined by Ferrière – certainly belongs to the same species as the male. The original description mentions ‘antennis breviter monoliformibus’ and ‘prothorace utrinque flavomaculato’, which all together are distinct features of</p><p>E. afra . Ferrière (1950) erroneously synonymized E. saliciperdae with it. The confusion was later recognized by Graham (1970). Part of the type series of I. spessivtsevi had previously been correctly identified by Erdös as belonging to E. afra (Boucˇek &amp; Novicky, 1954). Zerova (1998) rightly synonymized I. spessivtsevi with Decatomidea polygraphi, but followed Ferrière in the interpretation of E. afra . As an implication of the species name synonymy, Zerova also synonymized Ipideurytoma with Eurytoma . Her suggestion is validated here by our molecular results. Eurytoma afra always appears as the sister group of E. maura with strong support.</p><p>The species was well described and illustrated by Boucˇek &amp; Novicky (1954). Because of the shape of the head, especially in the female (Fig. 10A–C), it was originally proposed as a new genus.</p><p>Hosts</p><p>The holotype of Ipideurytoma spessivtsevi was reared from Trypodendron signatum (Fabricius, 1787) ( Curculionidae: Scolytinae) (Boucˇek &amp; Novicky, 1954). A list was provided by Hedqvist (1963: 47) from initial data published by Jamnický (1957). This list includes Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier, 1795) and Trypodendron domesticum (Linnaeus, 1758) . Eichhorn &amp; Graf (1974) mentioned E. afra as the primary parasitoid of these beetles.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>The species is widely distributed, being present in the Nearctic and Palaearctic regions. It is from Northern and Central Europe (Noyes, 2013). The westernmost specimens were collected in the Juliana Alps, close to the Slovenian border (see Appendix S4 and Fig. S 10 in Appendix S8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFD0FFA60D48FA815D9F7F28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFDAFFBB0D6CF9B25F7F7F9E.text	B87E87A5FFDAFFBB0D6CF9B25F7F7F9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma aloisifilippoi (Russo 1938)	<div><p>EURYTOMA ALOISIFILIPPOI (RUSSO, 1938)</p><p>(FIG. 11A–H)</p><p>Decatoma aloisifilippoi Russo, 1938: 175–180 . Original description. Italia: Campania and Sicilia.</p><p>Host: Phloeotribus scarabaeoides (Bernard, 1790) ( Curculionidae, Scolytinae).</p><p>Eurytoma aloisifilippoi (Russo): Boucˇek, 1974: 267 comb. nov.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype ♀, here designated, glued on a rectangular card and labelled ‘Pisciotta 2-IX-937 ulivo’ (manuscript)/ ‘ Decatoma ♂ sp. ♀ tipo’ (manuscript, writing different)/ ‘ Decatoma Luigifillopoi n. sp. Russo’ [sic] (manuscript, still another writing) (in MES) . Paralectotypes, conspecific with the lectotype. One male, also glued on a rectangular card, is labelled ‘Pisciotta Sett. 934’ (manuscript)/‘ Decatoma Aloisifilippoi Russo’. Other paralectotypes came from Pisciotta, except one male from Portici. One female has the same references as the lectotype and one male was also collected at the same time; the other specimens (4 ♀, 5 ♂) were collected in 1934 (all specimens in MES) .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Body with extensive light coloration, on following parts: lateral panel of pronotum anteriorly, pro- and mesocoxae, acropleuron, edge of oral fossa, and a subantennal stripe. Clypeus distinctly emarginate. Lower face densely and thickly setose. Funicular segments relatively short. Notauli well visible, impressed, not obliterated by the sculpture of the mesoscutum. Median channel of propodeum with complete median ridge. Lower surface of costal cell completely densely setose. Marginal vein quite thick, 2.90 times as long as wide, widening distad. Wing membrane with relatively broad diffuse infumation behind marginal vein. Petiole fairly long with mediodorsal ridge. Gaster relatively short. Male with extensive light colour, at least on the whole ventral side of the body. Scape with a small apicoventral swelling. Funicular segments F1–F3 slightly nodiform, with short apical peduncle, F4 and F5 symmetric.</p><p>Host: Phloeotribus scarabaeoides, a wood boring beetle infesting Olea europaea L., 1753 and Fraxinus excelsior L., 1753 ( Oleaceae).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>This is a rather rare species, only known from the Mediterranean subregion. Apart from southern Italy it was collected in southern France near Montpellier. Its actual distribution is probably much wider, including at least part of the Mediterranean region (see Appendices S4 and S8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFDAFFBB0D6CF9B25F7F7F9E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFC7FFB90EBBF8DC5C2A7E14.text	B87E87A5FFC7FFB90EBBF8DC5C2A7E14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma annilai Hedqvist 1974	<div><p>EURYTOMA ANNILAI HEDQVIST, 1974 (FIG. 12A–H)</p><p>Eurytoma annilai Hedqvist, 1974: 28–30 . Original description. Finland.</p><p>Host: Pissodes validirostris (Sahlberg, 1834) (Curculionidae) . Zerova, 1995: 156; Zerova, 2010: 62.</p><p>Eurytoma waachtli Mayr, 1878 [sic]: Roques, 1976: 289–295. France.</p><p>Host: Pissodes validirostris in cones of Pinus sylvestris .</p><p>Type material</p><p>Paratype ♀ (in BMNH). For the labelling, see Figure 9E .</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Eurytoma annilai was included in the rosae species group by Zerova (2010: 62).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>The species is very similar to E. arctica . The female differs from it mostly by the characters given in the key above: eye relatively large, eye height 1.25 times width of malar space. Temples 0.27 times length of eye and angulate with occiput. Lateral ocellus diameter almost as large as OOL (103: 115). Notauli broad but hardly impressed, obliterated by the sculpture of the mesoscutum and appearing crenulate. Gaster relatively shorter than that of E. arctica . The male has scape completely black, all funicular segments strongly asymmetric, nodiform, and with an apical peduncle, the propodeum shows a deep and crenulate median channel, the median crest being short and irregular, the pilosity of the forewing is white.</p><p>Hosts and biology</p><p>The species has been reared only from Pissodes validirostris (Sahlberg, 1834), infesting the cones of various Pinus . Roques (1976), under E. waachtli, described the oviposition behaviour and specified the host stage, which is always the fourth instar. Females oviposit only on larvae of Pissodes that have previously been parasitized by Scambus sp. ( Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Trials to rear E. annilai from unparasitized larvae of P. validirostris failed. When emerging, the first instar larva of E. annilai kills the larva of Scambus and then feeds on that of Pissodes . Roques (1976) also showed a tight relationship between the life cycle of Scambus sp. and E. annilai, with overwintering adults of Eurytoma emerging a short time after those of Scambus . We examined voucher specimens reared by A. Roques and they appear to be the same as the paratype of E. annilai .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>The species is known only from Finland and France, but is probably more widely distributed (see Appendix S4 and Fig. S 10 in Appendix S8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFC7FFB90EBBF8DC5C2A7E14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFC5FFBF0D4EF93E5B3578C9.text	B87E87A5FFC5FFBF0D4EF93E5B3578C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma arctica Thomson 1876	<div><p>EURYTOMA ARCTICA THOMSON, 1876 (FIG. 13A–K)</p><p>Eurytoma arctica Thomson, 1876: 48 . Original description. Sweden. Boucˇek &amp; Graham, 1978: 225: Distribution UK.</p><p>Eurytoma blastophagi Hedqvist, 1963: 38–41 . Original description. Sweden.</p><p>Host: Tomicus (= Blastophagus) minor (Hartig, 1834) . Zerova, 1995: 160–161 and 366; Zerova, 2010: 62, 137.</p><p>= Eurytoma blastophagi Hedqvist: Boucˇek &amp; Graham, 1978: 225.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Eurytoma arctica . Lectotype ♀, designated by Graham (in MZLU). For the labelling, see Figure 9A. Eurytoma blastophagi . Holotype ♀ (previously in Hedqvist’s personal collection, now in BMNH). For the labelling, see Figure 9C .</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The species was redescribed by Hedqvist (1963) under E. blastophagi, the type of which belongs to the same species as E. arctica . Zerova (1995, 2010), ignoring the synonymy proposed by Boucˇek &amp; Graham (1978), still used the name E. blastophagi . Her concept of E. arctica is actually the same as E. maura .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Female. Head relatively transverse in dorsal view, 1.85– 1.90 times as wide as long. Outline of genae straight or almost so. Clypeus protruding ventrally and slightly emarginate on ventral margin. Lower face punctured with short radiating crests and smooth subantennal stripe. Setation relatively thick and dense on mesal part of face. Eye height 1.20 times width of malar space. Vertex entirely punctured. Lateral ocellus diameter smaller than OOL (86: 97). Temples 0.25– 0.30 times length of eye, and merging with occiput. Scape at least with reddish–testaceous base, sometimes entirely so. All funicular segments longer than wide. Pronotal collar densely punctured. Notauli narrow and appearing as impressed lines, not or partly obliterated by the sculpture of the mesoscutum. Anterior outline of mesepisternum hardly convex. Procoxa black. Metacoxa bare dorsally at base. Costal cell with a large bare stripe on lower surface, the setation not especially dense. Marginal vein not thickened, at least 6.0 times as long as wide. Gaster elongate and distinctly compressed laterally, 2.20 times as long as height of third gastral tergite. Ovipositor moderately ascending.</p><p>Male with scape black with pale base. Scape quite prominent ventrally. F5 symmetric and with very short apical peduncle, the other segments elongate and only fairly nodiform. Propodeum with median channel hardly impressed.</p><p>Hosts</p><p>The hosts of some syntypes of E. auricoma (actually belonging to E. arctica, see below) are Tomicus (= Hylurgus) minor (Hartig, 1834) and Ips (= Tomicus) sexdentatus (Borner, 1776) on Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold, 1785 . Pityogenes chalcographus (Linnaeus, 1761), Dryocoetes autographus (Ratzeburg, 1837), Pissodes harcyniae (Herbst, 1795) (Titova, 1966), and again T. minor were recorded as hosts (Hedqvist, 1963; Titova, 1966). It therefore seems that the species parasitizes only hosts infesting coniferous trees; the records from deciduous trees are certainly erroneous and probably concern E. maura, which was misidentified as E. arctica by some authors, including Hedqvist (1963). We collected E. arctica on dead Pinus sylvestris L., 1753 and Larix decidua Mill. 1768 trees.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>The records from the UK (Boucˇek &amp; Graham, 1978), Sweden (Hedqvist, 1963), and Russia (Titova, 1966) are certainly valid. We can also add Austria for some syntypes of E. auricoma . Others need to be checked with the relevant specimens. We collected species up to 1800 m a.s.l. in Haute-Maurienne (Savoie) and 1260 m a.s.l. in Cévennes (Ardèche) (see Appendices 4 and 8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFC5FFBF0D4EF93E5B3578C9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFC3FFBD0D8FFE215C7A7E14.text	B87E87A5FFC3FFBD0D8FFE215C7A7E14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma cristata Delvare & Gebiola & Zeiri & Garonna 2014	<div><p>EURYTOMA CRISTATA DELVARE SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 14A–I, 15A–C)</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype ♀. France: Pyrénées Orientales, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.2319446&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.50139" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.2319446/lat 42.50139)">Thiès-entre- Valls</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.2319446&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.50139" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.2319446/lat 42.50139)">Gorges de la Carança</a>, 1150 m a.s.l., 42°30′05″N, 02°13′55″E, on a dead branch of Fraxinus excelsior L., 1753, 21.vi.2005 (G. Delvare) (in MHNG) . Paratypes. France: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.7644444&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.628056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.7644444/lat 43.628056)">Hérault</a>, Saint-Jean-de-Buèges, 220 m, 43°49′43″N, 03°37′38″E, on a dead branch of Coryllus avenella L., 1753, 15.viii.2002 (G. Delvare) (1 ♀, in GDPC); Tarn, Nages, 1 km S Villelongue, 880 m a.s.l., 43°37′41″N, 02°45′52″E, on a dead trunk of Quercus, 27.vii.2006 (G. Delvare) (1 ♂, in GDPC) .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Head long and globose, 1.65–1.70 times as wide as long. Lower with radiating crest reaching above antennal toruli. Setation dense and fairly thick. Walls of punctures strongly raised on mesonotum, forming transverse crests on pronotum. Notauli obliterated by the sculpture of the mesoscutum. Metacoxa densely setose dorsally from base. Lower surface of costal cell bearing numerous setae, leaving a posterior stripe bare. Marginal vein thickened, 4.30 times as long as wide. Syntergum distinctly longer than GT6 on median line. Ovipositor evidently ascending. Male scape with large area of reticulate sculpture.</p><p>Female</p><p>Body length 4.15 mm. Body, coxae, femora, tibiae, apices of mandibles and ovipositor black. Trochanters, knees, and tarsi reddish–testaceous. Rest of mandibles reddish. Scape reddish with broad blackish spot dorsally. Pedicel and flagellum dark brown. Setation of forewing entirely dark. Veins brown.</p><p>Head. Vertex mostly punctured, narrowly coriaceous around lateral ocelli. OOL from slightly smaller to somewhat greater than diameter of lateral ocellus. Temples merging to occiput without angle. Head 1.20 times as wide as high, roundish in frontal view, with outline of genae clearly convex. Genae with large, almost smooth stripe behind malar sulcus. Clypeus depressed but weakly emarginate on ventral margin. Malar space 0.85 times as long as width of oral fossa and 0.67 times height of eyes. Eyes separated by 1.24 times their own height.</p><p>Antenna. Scape linear. Funicular segment fusiform, all longer than wide, decreasing in length and bearing numerous MPS. Clava narrowly rounded at apex.</p><p>Mesosoma 1.82 times as long as wide. Setation short, appressed and fine, all setae reclinate. Pronotum long, 1.25 times as long as mesoscutum. Scutellum 0.97 times as long as wide. Propodeum with median channel not well delimited, irregularly and coarsely sculptured. Bottom of prepectus smooth, lateral panel separated from sublateral by step-like ridge. Anterior outline of mesepisternum hardly convex.</p><p>Appendices. Costal cell 0.4 times as long as forewing. Marginal vein and postmarginal, respectively, 1.61 and 1.44 times as long as the stigmal vein.</p><p>Metasoma. Petiole fairly long, with blunt mediodorsal ridge. Gaster compressed laterally. Dorsal outline of GT6 straight to slightly concave.</p><p>Male</p><p>Body length 2.25 mm. Pedicel long. Funicular segments elongate. F2–F4 hardly asymmetric and with short apical peduncles. F5 symmetric and without peduncle.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species name refers to the cristate sculpture of the pronotum.</p><p>Recognition</p><p>This species is unique within the genus Eurytoma . Its sculpture and habitus are reminiscent of those of the New World genus Bephratoides, which is otherwise quite distinct in the other characters.</p><p>Biology. The few specimens were collected on dead branches of various deciduous trees. The species is most probably a parasitoid of wood boring beetles.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>This is a rare species, only known from Southern France (see Fig. S 10 in Appendix S8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFC3FFBD0D8FFE215C7A7E14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFC1FFB30D9AFC245D837CBE.text	B87E87A5FFC1FFB30D9AFC245D837CBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma gatesi Delvare & Gebiola & Zeiri & Garonna 2014	<div><p>EURYTOMA GATESI DELVARE SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 16A–K, 17A–C)</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype ♀. Canada: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-123.44361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.59861" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -123.44361/lat 48.59861)">British</a> Colombia, Saanich- Victoria, 60 m a.s.l., 48°35′55″N, 123°26′37″W, ex seeds of Pseudotsuga menziesii, 30.vii.2002 (A. Roques) (in USNM) . Paratypes. Same data as holotype (33 ♀, 1 ♂ in USNM, MNHN, CBGP, GDPC) . USA: New Mexico, Ruidoso, ex seeds of Pseudotsuga menziesii, 22.v.2006 (A. Roques) (3 ♀, 4 ♂, in USNM, GDPC) . France: Lot, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=1.3461112&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.615833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 1.3461112/lat 44.615833)">Lavercantière</a>, 44°36′57″N, 01°20′46″E, ex seeds of Pseudotsuga menziesii, 26.vi.2007 (A. Roques) (7 ♀, 10 ♂, in MNHN, GDPC, RAPC) ; Lot, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.1102777&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.855553" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.1102777/lat 44.855553)">Sousceyrac</a>, 560 m a.s.l., 44°51′20″N, 02°06′37″E, ex seeds of Pseudotsuga menziesii, 26.vi.2007 (A. Roques) (2 ♀, 1 ♂, in GDPC) .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Head transverse in dorsal view, 1.90 times as wide as long. OOL greater than lateral ocelli diameter. Head subtrapezoidal in frontal view, outline of gena straight. Setation of head sparse and thin. Clypeus weakly emarginate. Lower face punctured with short radiating ridges and median subantennal smooth stripe. Anterior outline of mesepisternum straight. Metacoxa bare dorsally at base. Setation of lower surface of costal cell as usual, not especially dense and leaving posterior bare stripe. Marginal vein not thickened, 7.0 times as long as wide. Gaster short and not laterally compressed, as long as mesosoma (ovipositor exclud- ed). Syntergum much shorter than GT6 on median line. Ovipositor horizontal.</p><p>Female</p><p>Body length 3.15 mm. Body, coxae, apices of mandibles, and most of ovipositor black. Trochanters, femora, and tibiae dark brown to black but diffuse apicoventral spot on profemur and inner stripe on protibia, reddish testaceous. Tarsi pale testaceous. Rest of mandibles, scape basally, and apex of ovipositor reddish. Apex of scape, pedicel, and flagellum dark brown. Veins brown. Setation on body silvery, dark brown on forewing.</p><p>Head. Punctured but lower face smooth on a medial stripe and with radiating crests on either side of that stripe. Setation sparse and thin. Head relatively transverse both in frontal and dorsal view, about 1.40 times as broad as high and 1.90 times as broad as long. OOL larger than diameter of lateral ocellus (1.20×). Temples merging to occiput without angle. Outline of gena straight. Clypeus weakly emarginate on ventral margin. Gena entirely but superficially punctured. Malar space 0.74 times as long as height of eyes and 0.83 times width of oral fossa. Eyes separated by about 1.50 times their own height.</p><p>Antenna. Scape linear, pedicel without basal constriction, funicular segments fusiform, slightly decreasing in length from base to apex. Clava moderately rounded at apex.</p><p>Mesosoma 1.73 times as long as wide. Pro- and mesonotum uniformly and densely punctured. Mesoscutum about 1.20 times as long as pronotum. Notauli shallow and crenulate, partly obliterated by sculpture of mesoscutum. Scutellum as long as broad. Lateral panel of prepectus superficially crenulate and separated from sublateral panel by step-like ridge. Anterior outline of mesepisternum straight. Propodeum with median channel not well delimited, areolate rugose.</p><p>Appendices. Metacoxa bare dorsally at base. Setation of lower surface of costal cell as usual, not especially dense and leaving posterior bare stripe. Costal cell 0.40 times as length of wing. Marginal vein not thickened, 7.0 times as long as wide. Marginal and postmarginal veins, respectively, twice and 1.24 times as long as stigmal.</p><p>Metasoma. Petiole short, bearing sharp median and anterolateral teeth. Gaster evidently short, not laterally compressed, as long as mesosoma. GT4 broadly overlapping the following tergite. Syntergum much shorter than GT6 on median line. Ovipositor horizontal.</p><p>Male</p><p>Body length 2.8 mm. Scape completely black, with large and protruding ventral swelling, progressively narrowing to apex. All funicular segments strongly asym- metric, nodiform, and with an apical peduncle. Propodeum with deep and crenulate median channel, the median crest short and irregular. Pilosity of forewing dark.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species is dedicated to Dr Michael Gates (USMN) for his contribution to our knowledge of the family Eurytomidae .</p><p>Remarks</p><p>None of the described species from North America has been reported as having similar biology. Furthermore, numerous type species from the Nearctic region were examined by G.D. Moreover, Michael Gates, from USNM, provided us with images of most of the types. None of them agrees with the morphological characters of the species.</p><p>Biology. The larvae are phytophagous, developing within seeds of the Douglas fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, 1950 (Pinaceae) .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Samples were collected in British Colombia, California, and New Mexico, and the same Eurytoma was found in Lot, France, in two nurseries of the Office National des Forêts. The species is probably native of western North America, as for the Douglas fir, and was introduced to Europe along with the plant (see Fig. S 10 in Appendix S8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFC1FFB30D9AFC245D837CBE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFCFFFB00D9FFA375DBC7D02.text	B87E87A5FFCFFFB00D9FFA375DBC7D02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma ithma Delvare & Gebiola & Zeiri & Garonna 2014	<div><p>EURYTOMA ITHMA DELVARE SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIG. 18A–L)</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype ♀. France: Ardèche, Loubaresse, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.065278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.586666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.065278/lat 44.586666)">Forêt Domaniale de Prataubérat</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=4.065278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.586666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 4.065278/lat 44.586666)">Piste forestière des Rialles</a>, 1160 m a.s.l., 44°35′12″N, 04°03′55″E, on a dead branch of Pinus sylvestris, 17.vii.2012 (G. Delvare) (GDEL1351. EUR111) (in MHNG) . Paratypes. Same data (1 ♀, in MNHN) (GDEL1351. EUR112) ; same data, but 24.vii.2012 (3 ♀, in MNHN) (GDEL1351. EUR113, GDEL1351. EUR114, GDEL1351. EUR115); Alpes- Maritimes, Belvédère, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=7.3588886&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.031387" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 7.3588886/lat 44.031387)">Castellarou</a>, point 263, 1500 m a.s.l., 44°01′53″N, 07°21′32″E, on dead trunk of Pinus sylvestris, 31.vii.2009 (G. Delvare) (1 ♀, 1 ♂; in GDPC) (respectively, GDEL1300. EUR30 and GDEL1301. EUR31) ; Haute-Garonne, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=1.535&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.683613" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 1.535/lat 43.683613)">Castelmaurou</a>, Malaise trap, 43°41′01″N, 01°32′06″E, 01/ 21.viii.1995 (M. Tussac) (1 ♀, in GDPC) ; Hérault, Saint-Pierre-de- Lafage, Forêt Domaniale de Parlatges, 650 m a.s.l., 47°48′61″N, 03°21′06″E, on dead trunk of Pinus nigra, 14.vii.2004, (G. Delvare) (1 ♀, in GDPC) . Italy: Friuli Venezia Giulia, Giulia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.66361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.467777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.66361/lat 46.467777)">Pontebba</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.66361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.467777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.66361/lat 46.467777)">Gamiscen</a>, 728 m a.s.l., 46°28′04″N, 13°39′49″E, on logs, 16.vii.2008 (G. Delvare) (1 ♀, in GDPC) (GDEL1319. EUR32) .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Lower face entirely strigose, the radiating crests reaching eyes and antennal toruli. Anterior outline of mesepisternum with blunt angle in front of mesocoxae, delimiting anteriorly an apparent ventral shelf when seen in lateral view. Metacoxa bare dorsally at base. Setation of lower surface of costal cell as usual, not especially dense. Marginal vein not or slightly thickened, 4.0–5.0 times as long as wide. Gaster distinctly longer than mesosoma and laterally compressed, with syntergum slightly longer than GT6 on dorsal median line. Ovipositor ascending.</p><p>Description</p><p>Female, body length 3.15 mm. Body, coxae, and teeth of mandibles black. Rest of mandibles, tegula, pedicel, and flagellum dark brown. Femora black, except apices and a reddish longitudinal ventral stripe on pro- and mesofemora. Rest of legs reddish testaceous except meso- and metatibia partly infuscate, but always with a reddish longitudinal ventral stripe. Scape reddish with small apicodorsal dark spot. Ovipositor black with very small apical light spot. Veins brown, setation of wings dark.</p><p>Head transverse in dorsal view 1.91 times as wide as long. Anterior outline of frons not very convex. Vertex punctured. OOL as large as lateral ocelli diameter. POL more than twice as large as median ocelli diameter. Front outline of frons not very convex. Temples short, merging to occiput without angle. Genae with broad, finely coriaceous stripe behind malar sulcus, their lateral outline convex in frontal view. Clypeus depressed, not emarginate on ventral margin. Setation of lower face and frons relatively sparse and thin. Length of malar space 0.71 times width of oral fossa and 0.70 times height of eyes. Eyes separated by 1.48 times their own height. Antennal scrobes as long as distance between toruli and lower margin of clypeus.</p><p>Antenna. Scape linear. All funicular segments clearly longer than wide, slightly decreasing in length and bearing numerous MPS. Clava narrowly rounded at apex.</p><p>Mesosoma 1.77 times as long as wide. Setation short, appressed, and thin, mainly reclinate. Puncturation dense and regular on pro- and mesonotum, with narrow interspaces. Pronotum 0.74 times length of mesoscutum. Pronotal collar hardly longer than lateral lobes on shoulders. Notauli broadly impressed but obliterated by the sculpture of the mesoscutum. Scutellum 1.19 times as long as broad. Propodeum broadly depressed ventrally, without median channel, the depressed surface areolate rugose. Lateral prepectus separated from sublateral by faint ridge, its bottom rugulose reticulate. Adscrobal carina of mesepisternum clearly visible, joining epicnemium at some distance from mesotrochantinal plate and turning ventrally to mesofurcal pit.</p><p>Appendices. Metafemur 4.15 times as long as broad, metatibia 6.75 times as long as broad. Hind tarsus 0.83 times as long as hind tibia. Costal cell 0.45 times as long as forewing. Marginal vein 1.88 times as long as stigmal vein and 1.70 times as postmarginal.</p><p>Metasoma. Petiole short with sharp, conical anteromedian tooth. Gaster 1.21 times as long as mesosoma, 1.89 times as long as height of third gastral tergite.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The epithet ithma is a Greek substantive for ‘step’, referring to the elbowed outline of the mesepisternum.</p><p>Recognition</p><p>Within the morio group this species is easily recognized by the sharp adscrobal carina at same distance from mesotrochantinal plate ventrally. This character is shared with the female paratype and male allotype of E. kangasi . The two species are extremely close. Females are separated by the length of the gaster, notably longer in the female paratype of E. kangasi, with a longer syntergum. Males can be separated by the antenna. The male allotype of E. kangasi is black dorsally and has shorter and more strongly nodiform funicular segments.</p><p>Hosts</p><p>All specimens were collected on dying pines – Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra – infested by bark beetles.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>The species is known from the Italian Julian Alps, Alpes Maritimes in south-eastern France and the southern border of the Massif Central (Causse du Larzac and Cévennes), from 650 to 1500 m a.s.l. elevation (see Fig. S 10 in Appendix S8).</p><p>EURYTOMA KANGASI HEDQVIST, 1966</p><p>(FIG. 19A–F)</p><p>Eurytoma kangasi Hedqvist, 1966: 194 . Original description. Finland.</p><p>Associated tree: aspen. Possible hosts:</p><p>Cacotemnus (= Anobium) rufipes (Fabricius, 1792) ( Anobiidae); Ptilinus fuscus Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785 ( Anobiidae); and Pelecotoma fennica (Paykull, 1799) (Ripiphoridae) .</p><p>Eurytoma kangasi Hedqvist: Zerova, 1995: 155; Zerova, 2010: 62. Inclusion in rosae species group.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype ♀ (in FMNH). For labelling, see Figure 9F.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The type series of E. kangasi actually includes two species. The species is interpreted here according to the holotype, clearly designated by Hedqvist.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>The species is very close to E. arctica . The diagnosis refers to this species. Scape entirely black. Head globose in dorsal view, 1.77 times as wide as long, the outline of frons strongly convex. Vertex with coriaceous transverse stripe between lateral ocelli. Outline of genae convex when seen in frontal view. Lower face sparsely setose. Notauli broad, crenulate. Median channel of propodeum hardly distinct.</p><p>Host. The holotype does not bear any host information; therefore, the true host is unknown, and hence the hosts quoted in the original description might be erroneous.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>The species is known only from the female holotype collected in Finland and a few specimens quoted from Russia by Zerova (1995) (see Fig. S 10 in Appendix S8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFCFFFB00D9FFA375DBC7D02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFCCFFB60DA6FB055F347C9C.text	B87E87A5FFCCFFB60DA6FB055F347C9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma laricis Yano 1918	<div><p>EURYTOMA LARICIS YANO, 1918</p><p>(FIG. 20A–J)</p><p>Eurytoma laricis Yano, 1918: 39–58 . Original description. Japan.</p><p>Host plant: Larix leptolepix . Vikberg &amp; Valkeila 1977: 36–39. Finland. Host plant: Larix sibirica Fang, Roques &amp; Sun 1988: 91–98 . North China. Host plant: Larix gmelinii . Grijpma &amp; van de Weerd, 1991: 46–51. The Netherlands. Host plants: Larix decidua and Larix kaempferi .</p><p>Eurytoma bouceki Skrzypczynska, 1975a: original description ♀ ♂. Poland.</p><p>Host plant: Larix decidua .</p><p>= Eurytoma bouceki Skrzypczynska: Zerova, 1995: 154–155.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Eurytoma laricis . None examined because of a lack of information, especially on the type (s) series of E. laricis . Our interpretation is based on voucher specimens kindly sent to us by A. Roques, who collected it in Northern China from seeds of Larix gmelinii . Eurytoma bouceki . Not examined. Specimens collected in the same region and conditions as for the type species of E. bouceki were kindly sent to us on request by B. Skrzypczynska.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The specimens from North China are perfectly identical with those from Poland. The species apparently does not show any intraspecific phenotypic variation within a large distribution range. The synonymy proposed by Zerova is therefore accepted here.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Body and most appendices entirely black. Head globose in dorsal view and relatively transverse in frontal view. Clypeus weakly emarginate. Lateral outline of gena evidently convex. Lower face sparsely setose, mostly punctured with short radiating ridges and a median subantennal smooth stripe. Funicular segments relatively short, bearing few MPS. Notauli strongly impressed. Anterior outline of mesepisternum straight. Median channel of propodeum not very impressed but clearly differentiated, including complete median ridge. Petiole very short. Gaster high and strongly compressed, 2.0 times as long as high, with ovipositor strongly ascending.</p><p>Host plants</p><p>Larvae infest the seeds of Larix: undetermined Larix (Annila, 1975; Zerova, 1978); Larix decidua (Grijpma &amp; van de Weerd, 1991; Skrzypczynska, 1975a, b); Larix gmelinii (Fang et al., 1988); Larix leptolepis (Lamb.) Carrière, 1856 (Yano &amp; Koyama, 1918); Larix polonica (Raciborski &amp; Wóycicki) Domin, 1919 (Skrzypczynska, 1975a, b); and Larix sibirica Ledeb. (Skrzypczynska, 1975a, b; Vikberg &amp; Valkeila, 1977).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Eurytoma laricis has a wide distribution, from the Netherlands (Grijpma &amp; van de Weerd, 1991) to Poland (Skrzypczynska, 1975a, b), Finland (Annila, 1975; Vikberg &amp; Valkeila, 1977), Russia and Mongolia (Zerova, 1978), Japan (Yano &amp; Koyama, 1918), and northern China (Fang et al., 1988) (see Appendix S4 and Fig. S 10 in Appendix S8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFCCFFB60DA6FB055F347C9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFCAFFB50EFAF9D65DA87F21.text	B87E87A5FFCAFFB50EFAF9D65DA87F21.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma maura Boheman 1836	<div><p>EURYTOMA MAURA BOHEMAN, 1836</p><p>(FIG. 21A–H)</p><p>Eurytoma maura Boheman, 1836: 243 . Original description. Sweden.</p><p>Eurytoma auricoma Mayr, 1878: 301–304 . Original description. Austria.</p><p>Bruchophagus maurus (Boheman): Ferrière, 1950: 393; Noyes, 2002.</p><p>Eurytoma maura Boheman: Boucˇek &amp; Graham, 1978: 225; Noyes, 2013.</p><p>= Eurytoma auricoma Mayr, 1878 syn. nov.</p><p>Type material</p><p>No remnants of the type series of E. maura exist. In the Museum of Zoology, Lund University, there are three pins under the name E. maura, but two of them bear only small remains and were not sent to us (R. Danielson, pers. comm.). The remaining specimen does not agree with the concept of the species according to Ferrière (1950: 394), who reported a pair of specimens (1 ♀, 1 ♂), labelled ‘Gott.’, which were used for the redescription of the species. In addition, Ferrière noted that the male was different and selected the female as the ‘type’ (virtually a lectotype). He also wrote that the other female, labelled ‘OG’ and ‘Bhn’ was quite different. This female, which was sent to G.D., belongs to the appendigaster species group and is certainly different from the original material of Boheman, who mentioned in the original description ‘thorace parcius et subtilius punctato’. Eurytoma auricoma Mayr. Lectotype ♀, designated by Boucˇek and validated here, labelled ‘11/4878 ex Hyles Fraxini’ (Mayr’s handwriting)/ ‘Eur. auricoma’ (manuscript but different writing)/ ‘Collect. G. Mayr’ (printed)/(♀ lectotype Eurytoma auricoma Mayr det Z. Boucek, 1978’ (in Boucˇek’s handwriting) (in MNHW ). The syntype series of E. auricoma includes two other syntypes labelled ‘11/2878 ex P. nigricans Hyl. minor (Harball) ’, which belongs to E. arctica .</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Ferrière (1950) followed the interpretation of Thomson concerning this species. He hence acted as the first reviser and was followed by Boucˇek &amp; Graham (1978). Later, Hedqvist (1963) followed by Zerova (1995, 2010) interpreted the species as a senior synonym of E. arctica . This is in contradiction with Ferrière’s interpretation and original description. We therefore follow Ferrière, in accordance with Boucˇek &amp; Graham (1978). Eurytoma auricoma was synonymized with E. arctica by Ferrière (1950). According to the present type designation it is actually a junior synonym of E. maura .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Female head long and globose, 1.60 times as wide as long, with very convex frons. Head roundish in frontal view with outline of genae clearly convex. Genae with coriaceous, almost smooth stripe behind malar sulcus. Clypeus not emarginate. Lower face entirely strigose, with radiating crests reaching eyes and antennal toruli. Setation dense but not very thick. Vertex with fine, mostly coriaceous sculpture. Ocelli small, OOL greater than ocelli diameter. Funicular segments fairly short, F3–F5 hardly longer than broad to subquadrate. Clava narrowly rounded at apex. Pronotum finely and sparsely punctured, the points rounded, interspaces distinctly coriaceous. Interspaces narrower on mesonotum but still coriaceous. Median channel of propodeum incomplete. Metacoxa bare dorsally at base. Setation on lower surface of costal cell as usual, not especially dense, with broad bare posterior stripe. Marginal vein not thickened, at least 6.0 times as long as wide. Petiole short with conical mediodorsal tooth. Gaster relatively short, shorter than in E. arctica or E. morio, with mediodorsal length of syntergum as long as GT6. Ovipositor not greatly ascending.</p><p>Male scape with a small apicoventral swelling. Funicular segments elongate, the basal hardly asymmetric, F4 and F5 symmetric with short apical peduncle.</p><p>Hosts</p><p>Collected on dead trunks of deciduous or, rarely, coniferous trees, and frequently on logs. We reared specimens from Olea europaea and Fraxinus excelsior branches infested by Phloeotribus scarabaeoides (new host). It was quoted by Mendel (1986) from Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham, 1802) and Scolytus rugulosus (Muller, 1818) . The type of E. auricoma was reared from Hylesinus fraxini (Panzer, 1779) .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Because of the confused taxonomy of this species it is impossible to take into account the data from the litterature. The distribution based on examined specimens appears in Appendix S4 and Figure S6 of Appendix S7.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFCAFFB50EFAF9D65DA87F21	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFC9FFB40D7CF9515C8C7FBD.text	B87E87A5FFC9FFB40D7CF9515C8C7FBD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma melanoneura Walker 1871	<div><p>EURYTOMA MELANONEURA WALKER, 1871</p><p>(FIG. 29A–D)</p><p>Eurytoma melanoneura Walker, 1871: 14 . Original description ♀. UK: Barnstaple. Graham, 1970: 151. Lectotype designation.</p><p>Eurytoma morio Boheman: Graham, 1970: 151 (erroneous synonymy).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Lectotype ♀, designated by Graham (BMNH type 5- 570). The type, examined in 2005 by G.D., was found to differ from the specimens of E. morio identified by Graham and Boucˇek in the BMNH collection. The interpretation of this last species is confirmed here as being correct, but the identity of E. melanoneura must be re-assessed as the molecular data analysed by us showed that two species were mixed in our initial sorting. According to the iterative process described in ‘Material and methods’ it was possible to find some characters separating the apparent cryptic species of this pair. Illustrations of the relevant characters were provided to Andrew Polaszek (BMNH), together with some comments, allowing him to assign one of the species to the lectotype of E. melanoneura .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>The species is similar to E. striolata; therefore, only differential characters are reported here. The marginal vein is relatively long, 4.85 times as long as wide, not widening distally. The lower surface of the costal cell has a narrow posterior bare stripe (visible only when the wing is tilted); the setation is somewhat longer and sparser than in E. striolata, and often dark. Otherwise, all other characters are identical. Furthermore, this species together with E. striolata exhibit considerable intraspecific phenotypic variation linked with the size of the specimens. The direction of the changes, being identical with E. striolata, is described below for that species. The smallest specimens, belonging to the minor form, are especially difficult to separate from E. striolata because their differential characters are attenuated.</p><p>Hosts</p><p>Eurytoma melanoneura is most often collected on logs and dying deciduous trees. Our rearing nevertheless included Tomicus destruens (Wollaston, 1865) and Orthotomicus erosus (Wollaston, 1857) on Pinus pinea L. 1753, Tomicus minor on Pinus nigra ssp. salzmannii var. corsicana (= P. nigra ssp. laricio) and second instar larvae of Anoplophora chinensis (Forster, 1771) (Cerambycidae) under bark of Salix alba (used as sentinels).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Eurytoma melanoneura is relatively common and widely distributed. The specimens examined came from the UK, France, Italy, including Sardinia, Slovenia, and Poland (see Appendix S4 and Fig. S7 of Appendix S8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFC9FFB40D7CF9515C8C7FBD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFC8FF890EFFF93C5F8B7DAA.text	B87E87A5FFC8FF890EFFF93C5F8B7DAA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma morio Boheman 1836	<div><p>EURYTOMA MORIO BOHEMAN, 1836</p><p>(FIGS 22A–J, 23A–D, 32G–I, 33A–C)</p><p>Eurytoma acuminata Walker, 1834: 154 . Original description. France.</p><p>Eurytoma morio Boheman, 1836: 241–242 . Original description. Sweden.</p><p>Eurytoma Scultenna Walker, 1844: 20 . Original description. UK.</p><p>Eurytoma ischioxanthos Ratzeburg, 1844: 174 . Original description. Germany.</p><p>Host: Hylesinus fraxini (Panzer, 1779) ( Curculionidae Scolytinae). Mayr, 1878: 323. Redescription.</p><p>Eurytoma eccoptogastri Ratzeburg, 1844: 174 . Original description. Germany.</p><p>Hosts: Scolytus rugulosus ( Curculionidae: Scolytinae); Tetrops (= Saperda) praeustus (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Cerambycidae), Magdalis sp. ( Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Györfi, 1939 &amp; 1941: Hungary. Host: S. rugulosus . Host plant: Malus communis . Goidanich, 1941. Italia. Host: S. rugulosus .</p><p>Eurytoma flavoscapularis Ratzeburg, 1844: 173 . Original description. No locality.</p><p>Host: Hylesinus fraxini (Panzer, 1779) ( Curculionidae: Scolytinae).</p><p>Eurytoma flavovaria Ratzeburg, 1844: 173 . Original description. Poland (Oberschlesien).</p><p>Host: Hylesinus fraxini (Panzer, 1779) ( Curculionidae: Scolytinae).</p><p>Eurytoma umbilicata Thomson, 1876: 49 . Original description. Sweden.</p><p>Eurytoma bargaglii Rondani, 1877: 179 . Original description. Italy. Boucˇ ek, 1974: 245. Lectotype designation.</p><p>= Eurytoma acuminata Walker: Dalla Torre, 1898: 339.</p><p>= Eurytoma ischioxanthos Ratzeburg: Ferrière, 1950: 395.</p><p>= Eurytoma umbilicata Thomson: Ferrière, 1950: 395.</p><p>Eurytoma fraxinicola Hedqvist, 1963: 35–36 . Original description. Sweden.</p><p>Host: Hylesinus fraxini (Panzer, 1779) .</p><p>= Eurytoma scultenna Walker: Graham, 1970: 151.</p><p>= Eurytoma bargaglii Rondani: Boucˇek, 1974: 245.</p><p>= Eurytoma masii Russo: Szelényi, 1976: 175 (erroneous synonymy).</p><p>= Eurytoma fraxinicola Hedqvist: Zerova, 1995: 158.</p><p>= Eurytoma eccoptogastri Ratzeburg, 1844 syn. nov.</p><p>= Eurytoma flavoscapularis Ratzeburg, 1844 syn. nov.</p><p>= Eurytoma flavovaria Ratzeburg, 1844 syn. nov.</p><p>= Eurytoma masii var. flavonigra Russo, 1938 syn. nov.</p><p>Type material: Eurytoma acuminata . None. No information on this species or type material could be found since the original description, except a doubtful synonymy by Dalla Torre (1898), who certainly did not examine the relevant types. It is therefore preferable to continue to use E. morio, the species name used by all further authors. Eurytoma morio . No remnants of the type series of E. morio exist. Ferrière (1950), then Graham (1970), Boucˇek (1974), and finally Zerova (1995) followed the interpretation of Thomson. In the MZLU, three females and two males stand under this name (in Thomson’s handwriting). The males and one of the female belong to the appendigaster species group, and do not agree with the concept of the species provided by Ferrière (1950), who acted as the first reviser. Two females agree with the present interpretation, and were labelled as such by G.D. They are pinned with the gaster glued on small pieces of paper. The first female is labelled ‘G’ (manuscript)/‘1980 148’; the second is labelled ‘Ris 21.5’ (manuscript). Eurytoma scultenna . Lectotype ♂, designated by Graham (in BMNH) . Eurytoma eccoptogastri . None, as the Ratzeburg collection was destroyed. As for the other species described by Ratzeburg, we must therefore consider the information provided in the original description, especially the host(s), locality, and short descriptions, themselves. The description mentions: female from ‘kranken Apfelzweigen, in welchen besonders Eccoptogaster rugulosus, Saperda praeusta und eine Magdalis’. From the original description it could be any of E. morio, E. striolata, or E. melanoneura, which occur at the same time on dead trunks of deciduous trees on such hosts. The large size seems to exclude E. maura . We synonymize E. eccoptogastri with E. morio, which is widespread and present in the same region as for its type series. Eurytoma flavoscapularis . None. The original description mentions one female without locality reared by ‘Hr. Saxesen mit der Bemerkung In den Gängen von Hylesinus Fraxini, aber nur einmal gefunden’. Again this is a parasitoid of Hylesinus fraxini . The original colour, especially the yellowish margin of the oral fossa, again suggests a specimen belonging to E. morio . Eurytoma flavovaria . None. The male was reared from ‘ Hylesinus fraxini ’, varieties pallida, pallidissima, and obscura: ‘ 14 Exemplare vom Hrn. Oberförster Radzay aus Oberschlesien’. According to the original description this species is most probably a junior synonym of E. morio . The variation in coloration is especially distinctive of males of E. morio . We have seen specimens from this region and E. morio is often collected on Fraxinus trees infested by wood boring beetles. Eurytoma ischioxanthos . None, as the Ratzeburg collection was destroyed. The species was described from ‘Mehrere ♂, wahrscheinlich mit E. flavovaria gemeinschaftlich aus Hylesinus Fraxini von Oberschlesien’. Eurytoma umbilicata . Lectotype ♀, designated by Graham (in LUZN). See Figure 9B for labelling. Eurytoma masii var. flavonigra . Lectotype ♂, here designated, glued on a rectangular card and labelled ‘Cancello VI-935 ulivo’ (manuscript)/‘ Eurytoma Masii Russo ♂ – var.’ (manuscript, different writing)/ ‘ Eurytoma Masii var. flavonigra Russo’ (manuscript, still different writing) (in MES). Eurytoma fraxinicola . Holotype ♀ (in BMNH, previously in Hedqvist collection). For labelling, see Figure 9C. The synonymy with E. morio was established by Zerova (1995).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The synonymies established by Graham (1970) and Zerova (1995), respectively, are validated here. Eurytoma ischioxanthos was synonymized with E. morio by Ferrière (1950) according to the re-description provid- ed by Mayr (1878), who acted hence as the first reviser. This synonymy is accepted here.</p><p>The species is quite variable in coloration, especially in the males, which explains the numerous synonyms based on colour pattern (Ratzeburg, 1844; Russo, 1938). We confirm the identifications provided by Boucˇek, Graham, and Zerova, and hence the relevant occurrences in the literature, through the examination of specimens determined by these authors.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Edge of oral fossa and subantennal stripe often yellowish. Head relatively transverse in dorsal view, 1.75– 2.00 times as wide as long. Clypeus moderately emarginate on ventral margin (less so than in E. melanoneura and E. striolata). Lower face punctured with short radiating ridges. Setation on lower face dense but fairly thick. Outline of genae slightly convex. OOL slightly greater than lateral ocelli diameter. Funicular segments fusiform, all longer than wide, bearing numerous MPS. Clava moderately to broadly rounded at apex. Walls of punctures not forming crests on pronotum. Notauli obliterated by the sculpture of the mesoscutum, somewhat crenulate. Median channel of propodeum well impressed and distinct, generally with complete median ridge. Metacoxa densely setose dorsally from base. Lower surface of costal cell bearing numerous short setae, leaving a narrow posterior stripe bare. Marginal vein somewhat thickened, 4.5–5.0 times as long as wide. Membrane hyaline below marginal vein. Petiole with mediodorsal ridge following the anterior tooth. Gaster long and strongly compressed. Mediodorsal length of syntergum longer than GT6. Ovipositor evidently ascending (Fig. 22I–J).</p><p>Hosts</p><p>Because of the confusion between several species, the hosts quoted in the literature must be interpreted with caution. Our rearing included Phloeotribus scarabaeoides on olive trees; we examined specimens reared from Scolytus ensifer (Eichhoff, 1881) on Ulmus sp. The species is very often collected on logs and dying deciduous trees.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Eurytoma morio is quite common and widely distributed. We examined specimens from France, including Corsica, Italy, Slovenia, and Poland (see Appendix S4 and Fig. S 8 in Appendix S8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFC8FF890EFFF93C5F8B7DAA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFF5FF890F27FAC05B127CFD.text	B87E87A5FFF5FF890F27FAC05B127CFD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma nobbei Mayr M. F. Claridge 1878	<div><p>EURYTOMA NOBBEI MAYR, 1878</p><p>(FIG. 24A–F)</p><p>Eurytoma nobbei Mayr, 1878: 325 . Original description. Austria.</p><p>Host: Rabdophaga (= Cecimomyia) saliciperda (Dufour, 1841) .</p><p>= Eurytoma flavimana Boheman, 1836: Ferrière, 1950: 390 (synonymy erroneous).</p><p>Eurytoma nobbei Mayr, 1878: Graham, 1970: 148. syn. &amp; stat. rev.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntype ♀, labelled ‘ Eur. Nobbei G. Mayr, Type’ (manuscript)/‘ Taken as type Eurytoma nobbei Mayr M.F. Claridge “57” (manuscript)/‘ Collect. G. Mayr’ (in MNHW). Conceptually, this syntype is a lectotype, although the designation was never published by Claridge .</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Ferrière (1950) synonymized E. nobbei with E. flavimana Boheman, 1836 . This synonymy was challenged by Graham (1970). In 2010 G.D. examined the single type specimen of E. flavimana labelled ‘Sm’ (for Smoland)/ ‘Bhm’ (for Boheman)/‘Thoms.’ (for Thomson)/275 (red label)/‘taken as type Eurytoma flavimana det. Claridge “57” ’ (manuscript). The type agrees with the interpretation of the species by Graham, Boucˇek, Erdös, and Szelényi, according to the specimens identified by these authors. It is indeed different from E. nobbei, although the two species are superficially similar, especially in colour. Eurytoma flavimana is a common species belonging to the appendigaster species group and parasitizing Tetramesa linearis Walker, 1832 on Agropyron sp. (Poaceae) .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Small species with elongate gaster. Procoxa reddish to brownish, and ovipositor entirely reddish. Femora and tibiae extensively fuscous. Head long and globose, 1.55–1.60 times as wide as long, with very convex frons in dorsal view, subcircular in frontal view, with outline of genae strongly convex. Clypeus somewhat protruding ventrally and slightly emarginate in middle. Lower face with radiating striolation, the sculpture very faint. Eyes small. Vertex coriaceous. OOL about as long as lateral ocelli diameter. Pro- and mesonotum with superficial puncturation. Bottom of lateral prepectus finely reticulate, not well separated from the sublateral prepectus. Metacoxa bare dorsally at base. Setation of lower surface of costal cell as usual, not especially sparse, leaving a broad posterior stripe bare. Marginal vein not widened, 7.70 times as long as wide. Petiole short. Gaster elongate, strongly compressed, its dorsal outline almost straight. Syntergum as long as GT6 on median line. Ovipositor moderately ascending.</p><p>Hosts</p><p>The type series was reared on Salix sp. with galls of Rabdophaga saliciperda (Dufour, 1841) (Cecidomyiidae) .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>As far as is known, only reported from Austria.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFF5FF890F27FAC05B127CFD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFF5FF8E0D86FA655DBC7CBA.text	B87E87A5FFF5FF8E0D86FA655DBC7CBA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma saliphila Delvare & Gebiola & Zeiri & Garonna 2014	<div><p>EURYTOMA SALIPHILA DELVARE SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 25A–K, 26A–D)</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype ♀. France: Indre-et-Loire, Saché, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=0.5425&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=47.25139" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 0.5425/lat 47.25139)">Pré du Moulin Rouge</a>, 48 m a.s.l., 47°15′05″N, 00°32′33″E, reared together with Rhabdophaga triandraperda Barnes, 1935 forming galls under the bark of Salix triandra, 29.vi.2012, adult emergence on 14–16.vii.2012 (C. Kruczkowski) (in MHNG) . Paratypes. Same data (4 ♀, 4 ♂) (two specimens sequenced with references EUR133, EUR134) (in MNHN, GDPC).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Small species (2.90 mm) with elongate gaster. Procoxa and ovipositor reddish. Legs mostly reddish, except metacoxa and small fuscous spots on meso- and metafemora. Head with thick and dense silvery setation. Lower face mostly punctured, with short radiating crests. Vertex punctured. Pro- and mesonotum densely punctured. Metacoxa bare dorsally at base. Setation of lower surface of costal cell as usual, not especially dense. Marginal vein not widened, long.</p><p>Description</p><p>Female, body length 2.90 mm. Body, tegula, and teeth of mandibles black. Legs reddish, except metacoxa and black spot on metafemur. Scape reddish, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, almost black. Veins light brown. Setation on wings dark.</p><p>Head 1.82 times as wide as long and 1.25 times as wide as high, subtrapezoidal in frontal view. Outline of frons fairly convex. Temples short, progressively merging to occiput. Genae with smooth stripe behind malar sulcus, their outline evidently convex in frontal view. Clypeus somewhat protruding ventrally and slightly emarginate mesally on lower margin. OOL 0.80 times as long as lateral ocellus diameter. POL 2.0 times as long as median ocellus diameter. Malar space 0.76 times as long as width of oral fossa and 0.73 times height of eyes. Eyes separated by 1.40 times their height. Antennal scrobes much shorter than distance between antennal toruli and lower edge of clypeus.</p><p>Antenna. Funicular segments all much longer than wide, fusiform, bearing appressed setae and few MPS. Clava with constriction between the first segment and the following, broadly rounded at apex.</p><p>Mesosoma 1.83 times as long as wide. Setation thick and fairly long, suberect. Setae obliquely reclinate, directed to median line of mesosoma. Puncturation dense, the points subcircular, coriaceous sculpture of interspaces visible laterally. Pronotum 1.25 times as</p><p>long as mesoscutum. Collar on shoulders 1.32 times as long as lateral lobes. Notauli broadly impressed but obliterated by the sculpture of the mesoscutum. Scutellum about as long as wide. Propodeum with large, areolate, not well-delimited median channel. Lateral prepectus delimited ventrally by a distinct ridge. Anterior outline of mesepisternum hardly convex.</p><p>Appendices. Costal cell about as long as width of forewing. Marginal vein 7.20 times as long as wide, 1.78 times as long as the marginal vein, and 1.43 times as long as the postmarginal.</p><p>Metasoma. Petiole short with conical anteromedian tooth. Gaster 1.20 times as long as mesosoma, 2.17 times as long as height of third gastral tergite. GT4 quite long, conversely to the following tergites that are all very short (Fig. 25K).</p><p>Male, body length 2.40 mm. Scape with moderately protruding ventral swelling at mid length, two-fifths as long as itself. Pedicel short. Funicular segments long and slender. F1–F4 slightly nodiform and with long apical peduncles. F5 symmetric and without peduncle.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species name refers to the associate plant, a willow.</p><p>Recognition</p><p>The species is similar to E. nobbei, and the two species were both reared on hosts infesting willows. Eurytoma saliphila sp. nov. has the head more transverse in dorsal</p><p>view with the vertex punctured. Its setation is more prominent, thick, and dense on the head.</p><p>Hosts</p><p>The type series was reared together with the gall midge Rhabdophaga triandraperda (Cecidomyiidae), the larvae of which make galleries at the crown and within the roots of the plant. Although such hosts seem quite different from the beetles usually parasitized by other species of the morio group, the habitat is much the same.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Eurytoma saliphila sp. nov. is only known from its type locality, in the centre of France (see Fig. S 10 in Appendix S8) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFF5FF8E0D86FA655DBC7CBA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFF2FF820D70FA365FEB7BD2.text	B87E87A5FFF2FF820D70FA365FEB7BD2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma striolata Ratzeburg 1848	<div><p>EURYTOMA STRIOLATA RATZEBURG, 1848</p><p>(FIGS 27A–H, 28A–C, 29E–H, 32J–O, 33D–I, 34J–L, 35A–F)</p><p>Eurytoma striolata Ratzeburg, 1848: 177 . Original description.</p><p>Host: Scolytus (= Eccoptogaster) intricatus (Ratzeburg, 1837) .</p><p>Euritoma Masii Russo, 1925: 76–84 . Original description. Italia: Sicilia.</p><p>Hosts: Chaetoptelius vestitus (Mulsant &amp; Rey, 1860), Scolytus (= Eccoptogaster) amygdali Guerin, 1847, Hylesinus toranio (Danthoine, 1788) (= oleiperda Fabricius), Phloeotribus scarabaeoides Bernard. Host plants: Pistacia, Olea europaea .</p><p>= Eurytoma morio Boheman: Szelényi, 1976: 175 (Erroneous synonymy).</p><p>Eurytoma kemalpasensis Narendran, Tezcan &amp; Civelek, 1995: 84 . Original description. Turkey.</p><p>Host: Scolytus rugulosus (Müller, 1818) .</p><p>= Eurytoma kemalpasensis Narendran, Tezcan &amp; Civelek, 1995 syn. nov.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Eurytoma striolata . None. The Ratzeburg collection was destroyed and all types lost. The original description just quotes: ‘Length 1.8 mm. Very similar to the previous species (= E. aciculata) but propodeum with broad and shallow trough in centre, which has not the rough sculpture of the other ones but is finely transversely striolate. Gaster relatively long and acute and with ovipositor exerted for 1/8 of gaster length’ (translated from German). The mention of Scolytus intricatus (= oak bark beetle) suggests that E. striolata parasitizes beetles infesting deciduous trees. ‘Hr. Nördlinger’ (= Hermann Nördlinger) evidently published the book ‘Essai sur les formations géologiques des environs de Grand-Jouan, près Nozay Loire-Inférieure’ in 1847 and ‘Mémoire sur les essences forestières de la Bretagne’ in 1845. This helps us to situate Grand-Jouan in the region Paysde-la-Loire, France, and department Loire-Atlantique, and confirms that Nördlinger did work on forest insects. Eurytoma kemalpasensis . Holotype ♀ (in QMBA). For labelling, see Figure 9I . Eurytoma masii . Lectotype ♀, here designated, glued on the top rectangular card of a series that includes two other males, most probably conspecific with this female and labelled ‘ Eurytoma Masii Russo Typi ♀ ♂ ’ (handwriting) (in MES) . The male on the medium card is obscured by glue; it seems to belong to the minor form of E. striolata . The female shows the distinctive characters of the species.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The comparison with E. aciculata suggests specimens of small size, with black legs and scape. Furthermore, the description of the propodeum and gaster is in accordance with the series of small specimens of E. melanoneura or E. kemalpasensis . The minor forms of these latter species have darker appendices, the gaster is more elongate than in the major forms, with the ovipositor occasionally somewhat exerted; the description of the propodeum is also in agreement (Figs 26G, 35B, D). The choice between the two names was made in accordance with the type locality. We had sequenced specimens of E. melanoneura from the UK, from where the species was described. Our sampling included a few specimens similar to E. kemalpasensis from the same region as where E. striolata was described. Therefore, we assigned these specimens to E. striolata .</p><p>Eurytoma masii was synonymized with E. morio by Szelényi (1976). It is here removed from this synonymy and instead synonymized with E. striolata, showing all the distinctive characters of the species (see below).</p><p>Variation</p><p>Major form (Figs 27A–H, 28A–C, 29E–H, 32J–L, 34D– F, 35A, B, E, F). Size 3.15–3.75 mm. Lateral panel of</p><p>pronotum, pro- and mesocoxae, acropleuron, edge of oral fossa and subantennal stripe dark. Scape and fore tibia at least partly, sometimes entirely, testaceous. Head transverse in dorsal view, 1.80–1.90 times as wide as long. Malar space about 0.70–0.75 times height of eyes. Outline of genae straight. Clypeus deeply emarginate. Lower face mostly punctured with short radiating ridges. Setation dense and thick. Gena almost completely punctured. Vertex punctured as well. All funicular segments longer than wide, fusiform, decreasing in length, bearing numerous MPS. Clava broadly rounded apically. Notauli appearing as impressed lines, not obliterated by the sculpture of the mesoscutum. Median channel of propodeum incompletely delimited, the bottom with dull, coriaceous sculpture, median ridge incomplete and irregular. Metacoxa densely setose dorsally from base. Lower surface of costal cell completely setose, bearing numerous short and white setae. Marginal vein somewhat to evidently thickened, 3.50–4.00 times as long as wide. Membrane hyaline below marginal vein. Petiole rather long, with complete mediodorsal ridge. Gaster shorter than that of E. morio . Ovipositor ascending slightly. Syntergum shorter than GT6 on median line.</p><p>Male. Body with extensive yellow parts, at least on ventral side. Ventral swelling of scape vestigial, bearing only a few pores (visible on slide-mountings). Funicular segments virtually linear, F1–F2 hardly asymmetric, F3–F4 with very short apical peduncles, F5 truncate at apex. Median channel of propodeum clearly distinct, with complete median ridge, surface on bottom of areoles smooth. Forewing similar to that of the female. Minor form (Figs 32M–O, 33G–I, 35C, D)</p><p>Size 1.65–2.15 mm. Scape and fore tibia mostly dark, sometimes entirely so. Head long and globose in dorsal view, 1.55 times as wide as long. Head subcircular in frontal view, with outline of genae evidently convex. Clypeus moderately emarginate. Sculpture of lower face and frons punctured–striolate, superficial. Setation sparse and thin. Malar space only 0.65 times as long as height of eyes, which are larger than in the major form. Pro- and mesonotum with punctures as large as in the major form, hence much less numerous according to the reduced size of the mesosoma. Median channel of propodeum incompletely delimited, but surface smooth on the bottom of the numerous secondary areolae. Apical setation reduced together with that on the metacoxa. Costal cell less densely setose than in the major form. Gaster relatively long and slender. Male antenna with the same pattern as in the previous form, but with shorter funicular segments.</p><p>Another form isolated in our initial sorting has a distinct apicoventral swelling on the scape of the female that bears several pores (Fig. 27D). It occurs both in the major and the minor forms. It was not correlated with any genetic variation. At last a few specimens belonging either to E. striolata or to E. melanoneura exhibited a dorsoventrally compressed body with a flat mesonotum. This phenotypic variation in size and shape was not linked with any genetic divergence in our molecular data. We have observed similar variation in other parasitoids of xylophagous beetles belonging to Pteromalidae, Braconidae, or Stephanidae .</p><p>Hosts</p><p>The specimens collected were mostly found on deciduous dying trees or logs. A large series including all forms was reared from Phloeotribus scarabaeoides on the olive tree or on Fraxinus excelsior . The Russo collection also includes numerous specimens from the same host. The specimens sequenced were reared from Scolytus amygdali Guérin, 1847 on Prunus amygdalus Batsch and from Orthotomicus erosus (Wollaston, 1857) on Pinus pinea . The type of E. striolata was reared from Scolytus intricatus and the types of E. kemalpasensis was reared from Scolytus rugulosus . As E. striolata was previously mixed with E. morio it is not possible to consider the data from the literature until the relevant voucher specimens are examined.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Our sample comprised specimens from a wide geographic range, from France, including Corsica, to Italy and Tunisia. Eurytoma kemalpasensis was described from Turkey. Undoubtedly the species is widely distributed and common.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFF2FF820D70FA365FEB7BD2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFFEFF820E9AFD2A5BF77FA6.text	B87E87A5FFFEFF820E9AFD2A5BF77FA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma sylviae Delvare & Gebiola & Zeiri & Garonna 2014	<div><p>EURYTOMA SYLVIAE DELVARE SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIG. 30A–K)</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype ♀. France: Hérault, Vic-la-Gardiole, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=3.8072221&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.465557" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 3.8072221/lat 43.465557)">Bois des Aresquiers</a>, 2 m a.s.l., 43°27′56″N, 03°48′26″E, 27.vii.2004 (G. Delvare) (in MHNG).</p><p>Description</p><p>Female, body length 2.70 mm. Body and all coxae black. Trochanters dark brown. All femora, and meso- and metatibiae darkened on basal two-thirds. Knees, apices of meso- and metatibiae, whole protibia testaceous. Tarsi whitish. Basal two-thirds of scape testaceous, rest of antenna dark brown. Veins yellowish, darkened on parastigma. Ovipositor completely reddish.</p><p>Head relatively transverse in dorsal view, 1.87 times as wide as long but outline of frons strongly convex. Vertex punctured. OOL 0.80 times lateral ocelli diameter. POL 2.57 times median ocellus diameter. Frontal convexity and temple 0.18 and 0.29 times length of eye, respectively. Head roundish in frontal view, outline of genae convex. Clypeus distinctly emarginate ventrally. Lower face with radiating crests reaching above the antennal toruli and lower margin of eyes. Setation relatively sparse and thin. Length of malar space 0.73 times width of oral fossa and height of eyes. Eyes separated by 1.40 times their height. Height of antennal scrobes much shorter than distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus. Genae with narrow coriaceous stripe behind malar sulcus.</p><p>Antenna. Scape regularly tapering from base. Pedicel subtriangular. Funicular segments fusiform, all longer than wide and decreasing in length. Clava with an evident constriction between first segment and the following one.</p><p>Mesosoma 1.67 times as long as wide. Pro- and mesonotum densely and uniformly punctured, interspaces narrow, not showing any coriaceous sculpture. Setae thin and suberect, 1.30 times as long as the larger punctures. Pronotum 1.10 times as long as mesoscutum. Pronotum collar on median line 0.82 times as long as mesoscutum and on shoulders 1.27 times length of lateral lobes. Notauli broad and deeply impressed, rather strongly converging backwards. Scutellum 1.07 times as long as wide. Propodeum broadly depressed medially, median channel hardly visible anteriorly. Bottom of lateral prepectus finely reticulate. Anterior outline of mesepisternum straight.</p><p>Appendices. Metacoxa with a few hairs dorsally in basal half. Forewing 1.88 times as long as wide. Costal cell 0.44 times as long as wing. Setation of lower surface of costal cell as usual, not especially dense, and leaving posterior bare stripe. Marginal vein not widened, 5.54 times as long as wide.</p><p>Metasoma. Petiole short. Gaster short, as long as mesosoma (excluding ovipositor) and not laterally compressed. Syntergum much shorter than GT6 on median line. Ovipositor with sharp apex.</p><p>Male unknown.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Eurytoma sylviae looks much like E. padi Vereshchagin, 1953, as illustrated by Zerova (2010). Its type was not accessible to us but Marina Zerova and Victor Fursov (Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, Kiev, Ukraine) kindly compared the plate representing E. sylviae with a paratype of E. padi . It was therefore possible to establish the morphological differences between the two species. The antennal toruli of E. sylviae are situated higher on the frons, the funicular segments are relatively longer, the marginal vein shorter, apart from some other small differences. Moreover, the host plant from which E. padi was reared is absent from the region where E. sylviae was collected.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species is dedicated to G.D.’s wife for her patient devotion to his entomological activities.</p><p>Hosts</p><p>Unknown, but the morphology of the gaster, quite similar to those of E. gatesi sp. nov. and E. padi, suggests that the species might be phytophagous in seeds of some plant. Eurytoma padi has been associated with the bird cherry Prunus padus L., 1753 ( Rosaceae) (Fursov &amp; Zerova, 1991).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>The species is only known from the holotype collect- ed in Southern France (see Fig. S 10 in Appendix S8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFFEFF820E9AFD2A5BF77FA6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFFCFF800EEEFA415FD07C9F.text	B87E87A5FFFCFF800EEEFA415FD07C9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma brevivena BUGBEE 1958	<div><p>EURYTOMA BREVIVENA BUGBEE, 1958</p><p>Eurytoma brevivena Bugbee, 1958: 198 . Original description. USA: Arizona.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFFCFF800EEEFA415FD07C9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFFCFF800D85FD0D5A4E7AE7.text	B87E87A5FFFCFF800D85FD0D5A4E7AE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma pinisilvae Bugbee 1981	<div><p>EURYTOMA PINISILVAE BUGBEE, 1981</p><p>Eurytoma pinisilvae Bugbee, 1981: 77–79 . Original description. Mexico.</p><p>Associate plant: Pinus hartwegii Lindl.</p><p>Biology</p><p>The larvae of this species make galls in the xylem of young Pinus hartwegii .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFFCFF800D85FD0D5A4E7AE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFFCFF800EF4F9D45A727BF6.text	B87E87A5FFFCFF800EF4F9D45A727BF6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma pissodis GIRAULT 1917	<div><p>EURYTOMA PISSODIS GIRAULT, 1917</p><p>Eurytoma pissodis Girault, 1917: 86–89 . Original description. USA: Minnesota. Stark &amp; Wood, 1964: 1217.</p><p>Host: Pissodes terminalis Hopping, 1920; Stevenson, 1967: 206–210. Host: Pissodes engelmanni Hopkins, 1911; van der Sar, 1978: 14–18. Host: Pissodes strobi (Peck, 1817) .</p><p>Hosts and biology</p><p>The hosts are curculionids of the genus Pissodes living in various pines and spruces in the USA and Canada. Stevenson (1967) described the life cycle of the parasitoid, which is univoltine. The larvae feed externally on their host.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFFCFF800EF4F9D45A727BF6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFFCFF800DA0FC1D5ADC7DD6.text	B87E87A5FFFCFF800DA0FC1D5ADC7DD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma rhois CROSBY 1909	<div><p>EURYTOMA RHOIS CROSBY, 1909</p><p>Eurytoma rhois Crosby, 1909: 50–55 . Original description. USA: New York.</p><p>Hosts and biology</p><p>The larvae develop within the seeds of Rhus spp. (Anacardiaceae) (Neunzig, 1964).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFFCFF800DA0FC1D5ADC7DD6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFFCFF800D90FB2D5D9F7C82.text	B87E87A5FFFCFF800D90FB2D5D9F7C82.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma seminis BUGBEE 1941	<div><p>EURYTOMA SEMINIS BUGBEE, 1941</p><p>Eurytoma seminis Bugbee, 1941: 98–102 . Original description. USA: Kansas.</p><p>Associate plant: Rhus trilobata (Anacardiaceae) . Chug &amp; Waller, 1986: 315–320. Associate plant: Rhus glabra L. ( Anacardiaceae).</p><p>Hosts and biology</p><p>The larvae develop within the seeds of Rhus spp. (Anacardiaceae) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFFCFF800D90FB2D5D9F7C82	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFFCFF860D6EF9925E947C83.text	B87E87A5FFFCFF860D6EF9925E947C83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma abieticola RATZEBURG 1844	<div><p>EURYTOMA ABIETICOLA RATZEBURG, 1844</p><p>Eurytoma abieticola Ratzeburg, 1844: 174 . Original description. Germany.</p><p>Host: Magdalis violacea (Linnaeus, 1758) (Curculionidae) . Host plant: Picea abies (L.) H. Karst, 1881 (in cones).</p><p>Type material</p><p>None. The Ratzeburg collection was destroyed and all types lost. A. Roques (INRA, France), who reared and</p><p>EUROPEAN EURYTOMA MORIO SPECIES GROUP 415</p><p>received extensive specimens from cones of coniferous trees in the Holarctic region, told us that he never examined Eurytoma spp. from Abies spp. or Picea abies . As we ourselves did not rear any Eurytoma in the same conditions as for the type, we could not establish its identity.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFFCFF860D6EF9925E947C83	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
B87E87A5FFFAFF860ED5F9FD5B727F4E.text	B87E87A5FFFAFF860ED5F9FD5B727F4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eurytoma pinetorum RATZEBURG 1852	<div><p>EURYTOMA PINETORUM RATZEBURG, 1852</p><p>Eurytoma pinetorum Ratzeburg, 1852: 220 . Original description. Germany.</p><p>Host: Carphoborus (= Hylesinus) minimus (Fabricius, 1798) .</p><p>Type material</p><p>None. The Ratzeburg collection was destroyed and all types lost. The short original description just quotes: ‘I put it close to E. striolata in the thoracic structure and also reared it from bark beetles. It differs from it in the fact that the ovipositor is not exerted. I could not observe the antennae as they were still within their pupal skin’ (translated from German). The host plants for Carphoborus minimus are Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra . In the discussion of E. striolata it is noted that E. melanoneura was reared several times from hosts infesting coniferous trees. For the time being we prefer to retain the name as a doubtful species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B87E87A5FFFAFF860ED5F9FD5B727F4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Delvare, Gérard;Gebiola, Marco;Zeiri, Asma;Garonna, A. P.	Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma, Garonna, A. P. (2014): Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2): 370-421, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12134, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12134
