identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
BB1287AE0310E113FEA99CB0E25BF87B.text	BB1287AE0310E113FEA99CB0E25BF87B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Centruroides concordia de Armas & Teruel 2021	<div><p>Centruroides concordia sp. n.</p> <p>(Figure 2) http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F3624B67-</p> <p>996A-43F8-B898-77F14F2B2D13</p> <p>Centruroides hoffmanni [misidentification]: Goodman, Prendini &amp; Esposito, 2021: 3, 6–7, 9–10, 13, 15; fig. 2; tabs. 1–2. Goodman, Prendini, Francke &amp; Esposito, 2021: 8, 53–55, figs. 2, 4, 7a–b, 10 a–b, 15a, 16a, 17c–f, 18c–f, 19c–f, 20c–f, 21c–f, 22c–f, 23c–f, 24c–f, 25c–f, 38–39; tabs. 1, 8, 10.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Mexico, Chiapas State, La Concordia MunicipalitY, Villa Corzo-La Tigrilla, San Julián, Revolución Mexicana.</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. 1♀ holotYpe (CNAN SC3998): Mexico, Chiapas State, La Concordia MunicipalitY, Villa Corzo- <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.84639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.84639/lat 16.0)">La Tigrilla</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.84639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.84639/lat 16.0)">San Julián</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.84639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.84639/lat 16.0)">Revolución Mexicana</a> (16°00'00"N 92°50'47"W), 544 m a. s. l, 17 April 2007, leg. C. MaYorga, G. Ortega &amp; L. Cervantes. ParatYpes: all other specimens listed under “ Material examined” bY Goodman et al. (2021b: 55).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. The specific name is an indeclinable noun in apposition, taken straight from the Spanish name of the municipalitY from which the holotYpe originates.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. A medium-sized species (44–60 mm) of the “ thorellii ” group of the genus Centruroides, characterized for the following combination of characters: 1) tergites with complete median carinae; 2) pectinal tooth counts 13–15 in both sexes; 3) metasomal segments I-II with strong ventral submedian carinae; 4) male carapace 0.91–1.00 times as long as wide; 5) carapace with posterior median carinae well developed, granular; 6) pedipalp chelae with prodorsal carina; 7) male telson vesicle elongate, 2.1–2.9 times longer than wide. Its closest relative seems to be C. chanae Goodman, Prendini, Francke &amp; Esposito, 2001; for a comparison, see Goodman et al. (2021b).</p> <p>COMMENTS. Below we will discuss in detail the complete mismatch between the holotYpe of C. hoffmanni and the species identified as such bY Goodman (2021a, 2021b): Color pattern. The holotYpe has the carapace with large and sYmmetrical dark blotches and the tergites with two broad and solid dark longitudinal stripes (see Armas, 1996: 29), exactlY as in our specimens conspecific with it (see Martín-Frías et al., 2005: 2, fig. 1). On the other hand, Goodman, Prendini, Francke &amp; Esposito (2021: 68–69, figs. 38–39) depicted the carapace and tergites denselY and irregularlY variegated in the second taxon.</p> <p>Pectinal tooth counts. The holotYpe has 20/21 (see Armas, 1996: 30), while our conspecific specimens have 21–24 in males and 20–22 in females, as stated bY Martín-Frías et al. (2005: 5; tab. 3). On the other hand, Goodman et al. (2021b: 48; tab. 8) recorded non-overlapping and much lower counts of 13–15 in both sexes of the second taxon.</p> <p>Length / width of metasomal segments I / II / III / IV / V. The holotYpe female has the following ratios: 1.12 / 1.36 / 1.49 / 1.74 / 2.12 (calculated from Armas, 1996: 28, tab. 3), because of being immature, slightlY shorter than our conspecific adult females with 1.15–1.23 / 1.40–1.59 / 1.45–1.73 / 1.76–1.95 / 2.14–2.35 (see Martín-Frías et al., 2005: 4, tabs. 1–2, enhanced with our new calculations). On the other hand, Goodman et al. (2021b: 48; tab. 8) gave precise measurements of adult females of the second taxon that allowed us to calculate the following non-overlapping and much longer ratios: 1.28–1.50 / 1.94–2.20 / 2.27–2.40 / 2.34–2.86 / 2.73–3.31.</p> <p>Telson shape. Despite being an immature, the holotYpe has the vesicle short and bulbose and the subaculear tubercle spiniform (Armas, 1996: 30, fig. 8), just like our conspecific specimens (Martín-Frías et al., 2005: 2–3; figs. 5–6, 10; see also Santibáñez-López &amp; Ponce-Saavedra, 2009: 328, fig. 11). On the other hand, Goodman et al. (2021b: 51–52, figs. 24c,f, 25c,f) depicted the vesicle elongate and slender and the subaculear tubercle triangular and compressed in the second taxon.</p> <p>All differences listed above, as well as others well visible even to unaided eYe, are clearlY shown in the Figure 2 herein, which includes a topotYpe of the authentic C. hoffmanni with the following collecting data: Mexico, Chiapas State, Arriaga MunicipalitY, La Gloria Farm, collected inside inhabited house bY public health staff, no date, leg. J. G. Baldazo (1♀ RTO). The interested reader will easilY realize its perfect match to the figures published bY Armas (1996), Martín-Frías et al. (2005) and Santibáñez-López &amp; Ponce-Saavedra (2009) on one hand, and its absolute contradiction to those bY Goodman et al. (2021b) on the other.</p> <p>With respect to the infrageneric affiliation of the authentic C. hoffmanni, the four diagnostic characters discussed above are enough to demonstrate beYond anY reasonable doubt that it is not a member of the “ thorellii ” species-group. As first suggested implicitlY bY Martín-Frías et al. (2005) and then formallY established bY Teruel et al. (2015) and followed bY Santibáñez-López &amp; Ponce-Saavedra (2009), it belongs in the “ nigrovariatus ” species-group, where it is most closelY related to Centruroides baergi Hoffmann, 1932, C. franckei Santibáñez-López &amp; Contreras-Félix, 2013 and C. poncei Teruel, Kovařík, Baldazo-Monsivais &amp; Hoferek, 2015.</p> <p>REMARKS. The present description is made in full agreement with Article 13.1.2 of the Code (ICZN, 1999).</p> <p>For additional data of this species (measurements, pectinal tooth counts, illustrations, ecologY and distribution), see Goodman et al. (2021b: as C. hoffmanni).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB1287AE0310E113FEA99CB0E25BF87B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	de Armas, Luis F.;Teruel, Rolando	de Armas, Luis F., Teruel, Rolando (2021): The correct identity of Centruroides hoffmanni Armas, 1996 (Scorpiones: Buthidae), with the description of a new species from Chiapas, Mexico. Euscorpius 339: 1-5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5742183
