taxonID	type	description	language	source
B7205608FF8E6874A3F7FC107F62D96A.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. Male (cw 21.0, cl 12.8, ch 8.4, fw 5.7), AMNH 19515, Panamá, Darién Province, Cerro Malí, Serranía de Darién, 1400 m, on mountain top, 18. Jan. 1975, Charles W. Myers leg. Paratypes. 1 male (cw 18.5, cl 11.4), 1 female (cb 18.5, cl 11.2), AMNH 19516, same data as holotype; 1 male (cw 20.5, cl 12.7), INPA 1983, same data as holotype.	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
B7205608FF8E6874A3F7FC107F62D96A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Lateral border of G 1 with rounded protuberance near median portion. Apex broadened, caudolateral surface with rounded protuberance, bearing minute spines. Mesial lobe short, oblique to main axis of apex, folded in latero-cephalic direction. Mesial process subtriangular, prominent, recurved cephalically, tip directed downwards; cephalic surface with a small, conical median cephalic process; large, prominent, subtriangular proximal cephalic process, with minute spines, scattered along its rounded margins; median cephalic process positioned between proximal cephalic and mesial processes. Apex cavity narrow, elongated caudo-cephalically, partially covered by folding of mesial lobe.	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
B7205608FF8E6874A3F7FC107F62D96A.taxon	description	Description. Carapace outline ellipsoidal, widest in middle (mean cb / cl 1.63; n = 4); dorsal surface smooth, nearly flat, regions poorly defined. Two distinct gastric pits, close to each other on metagastric region. Cervical grooves wide, shallow, nearly straight, distal end failing to reach anterolateral margin. Postfrontal lobules obsolete; median groove indistinct between postfrontal lobules. Carapace surface between front and postfrontal lobules smooth, slightly inclined anteriorly. Upper border of front smooth, rounded; lower border carinate, nearly straight in frontal view. Upper orbital margin smooth, lower orbital margin marked by row of very faint papillae; exorbital angle obtuse. Anterolateral margins of carapace smooth, angled; posterolateral margins smooth, rounded. Epistome narrow; epistomial tooth very low, subtriangular, borders carinate. Suborbital, subhepatic regions of carapace sidewall smooth; pterygostomial regions covered by dense pubescence around mouthparts. Endopod of third maxilliped (Fig. 1 H) with outer margin of ischium slightly convex, inner margin straight. Exopod long, 0.52 times length of outer margin of ischium, n = 4. Efferent branchial channel (Fig. 1 G) opening widely, with pyriform outline. First pereopods markedly heterochelous (in adult paratype INPA 1983, right cheliped larger than left). Major cheliped with merus subtriangular in cross section; external border rounded, with irregular longitudinal row of tuberculiform teeth along proximal two thirds, smooth distally; internal upper border with row of conical teeth increasing in size distally; internal lower border delimited by row of rounded tubercles, distal border with row of rounded small tubercles. Carpus with row of tubercles, prominent median spine on inner side; outer side rounded, smooth. Palm distinctly swollen (length / breadth 1.47 to 1.51), smooth on both sides, with faint papillae on upper, lower rounded borders. Fingers usually gaping moderately when closed, tips not crossing; both fingers with large triangular teeth, smaller distally, sometimes interspersed with larger ones. All abdominal segments free. Male telson subtriangular, its lateral margins nearly straight, tip rounded. G 1 (Fig. 1 C-F) robust, straight, wider at base; mesial border straight, with small patch of minute, scattered spines distally; lateral border convex basally in caudal view, with distinct rounded protuberance bearing scattered minute spines near midpoint; marginal suture situated on mesial side, straight along the whole stem, with proximal row of long (some plumose), short setae. Marginal process rudimentary, straight, slightly shorter than lateral border of apex. Lateral suture incomplete, marked by distinct sulcus on the proximal half of caudal side, by faint one to the distal half. Mesial lobe short, oblique to the main axis of apex, folded in latero-cephalic direction. Mesial process subtriangular, prominent, recurved cephalically, tip directed downward. Apex broadened, caudo-lateral surface with rounded protuberance bearing minute spines; apex cavity narrow, elongated caudo-cephalically, borders crested, mesial border slightly lower than lateral one. Field of apical spines weakly developed as elongated patch of few minute spines, partially covered by folding of mesial lobe. Distal portion of cephalic surface with small, conical median process, large, strong, subtriangular proximal process, with minute spines, scattered along its rounded margins; median process positioned between proximal cephalic, mesial processes. G 2 as long as G 1, very slender, tip tapering.	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
B7205608FF8E6874A3F7FC107F62D96A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after the region in which the type specimens were collected, Serranía de Darién, in the homonymous province.	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
B7205608FF8E6874A3F7FC107F62D96A.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Panamá, Darién Province, Serranía de Darién, Cerro Malí (08 ° 07 ' N 77 ° 14 ' W; Fairchild & Handley 1966) (see Fig. 3). Ecological notes. The specimens were " common under rocks — in the area of large rock outcrops " (C. W. Myers field notes), and they were collected near the top of Cerro Malí, a " ridge-top wet forest transitional to cloud forest ". Myers (1969: 24 - 25) provided a detailed description of the physiography of the region and of the environment at Cerro Malí, and remarked that " Cerro Malí is high (about 1410 meters) and wet, but is affected by the dry season and much of its forest is possibly no more than transition to cloud forest ". It was also noticed that there was no standing water in the immediate vicinity of the collection site (C. W. Myers, e-mail to first author, 1 March 2013).	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
B7205608FF8E6874A3F7FC107F62D96A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. All specimens were disarticulated to some degree and some had a partially damaged carapace. The larger male specimen was chosen to be the holotype due to the size of the G 1, although it only had the right cheliped (apparently the larger one) and the right P 5 intact (Fig. 1 A, B); it also had a cleft along the left branchial region. The larger male paratype (INPA 1983) had both chelipeds, but the larger one (right) was detached from the body. This new species closely resembles Potamocarcinus pinzoni Campos, 2003. The main distinguishing feature between these two species is characters of G 1. The apex of G 1 of P. darienensis sp. n. is broadened by a rounded protuberance on its caudo-lateral surface (vs. apex without a rounded protuberance in P. pinzoni); the lateral border of G 1 has a rounded protuberance near the mid portion (vs. regularly rounded and devoid of a protuberance in P. pinzoni); the cephalic surface of G 1 has a small, conical median cephalic process, and a large, prominent, subtriangular proximal cephalic process (vs. a basally wide spine-shaped median cephalic process with median external notch, and the lack of a proximal cephalic process in P. pinzoni). The biogeographic importance of the Darién region in Panamá with respect to its fish fauna, was studied by Meek & Hildebrand (1916) and Hildebrandt (1938), who pointed out the similarity between the fish fauna of the Pacific slope of Panamá and that of the Atlantic slope of Colombia, particularly regarding the fishes of Tuira and Atrato rivers. Bermingham & Martin (1998), studying the phylogeography of representatives of three genera of primary freshwater fishes using mitochondrial genetic markers, also suggested a close relationship between the lower Central American fish fauna with that from northwestern Colombia. The morphological resemblance of P. darienensis sp. n. and P. pinzoni, a species from northwestern Colombia (Antioquia, Antioquia Department, Gulf of Urabá drainage on the Atlantic slope of Colombia) (Campos 2003), rather than with the other species of Potamocarcinus that are distributed from central Panamá to southern Mexico, might be interpreted as further evidence of the faunal similarities between these regions.	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
B7205608FF8B6871A3F7FF4B7E38DCC7.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Panamá, Panamá Province, male holotype (cw 78.8, cl 50.8, ch 29.2, fb 25.9), USNM 107096, Icandi river, affluent of Bayano river, 13. Jun. 1960, C. F. Bennett leg.; 1 male (cw 72.1, cl 46.2), 1 female (cw 64.5, cl 42.5), USNM 1180976, Canita river, at Pan American Highway, 24. Feb. 1985, R. W. Bouchard leg.; 1 male (cw 46.3, cl 30.7), SMF 31704, Platano river, bridge at Pan American Highway, between Las Margaritas and El Llano, 2. Mar. 1996, C. D. Schubart. Darién Province, 1 male (cb 64.4, cl 41.9) 3 females (cw 39.9, cl 26.1; cb 60.9, cl 39.5; cw 90.8, cl 56.1), USNM 1180975, Púcuro river, approximately 1000 m upstream from Tuira river, 12. Feb. 1985, R. W. Bouchard leg.	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
B7205608FF8B6871A3F7FF4B7E38DCC7.taxon	description	Redescription of the male first gonopod (Fig. 2 A – D). G 1 robust, nearly straight, lateral border sinuous in mesio-caudal view, with irregular row of minute spines. Marginal suture situated on mesial side, displaced towards cephalic side distally, with proximal row of long, short setae. Marginal process indistinct, continuous with distal, rounded border of apex. Lateral suture incomplete, with distinct sulcus on proximal half of caudal side, faint sulcus on distal half. Distal part with 2 distinct conical teeth on latero-cephalic surface, cephalic tooth bifid; caudo-lateral surface with subapical tooth, slightly smaller, more distal that latero-cephalic teeth. Apex with short, semicircular subapical lobe on caudo-lateral surface; large, rounded apical lobe in cephalic, lateral views; smaller, shorter auriculariform lateral lobe; field of apical spines well developed along semicircular and lateral lobes of apex.	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
B7205608FF8B6871A3F7FF4B7E38DCC7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This species was only known from its type locality, the Bayano river basin (currently a large area of the basin is flooded by the damming of the river in 1976 to form Bayano Lake). The present new records suggest that the species is more widely distributed in eastern Panamá, ranging from Bayano river and Chepo river basins to Tuira river basin, both draining into the Pacific (Fig. 3).	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
B7205608FF8B6871A3F7FF4B7E38DCC7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pretzmann (1971) described this species as Potamocarcinus (Potamocarcinus) garthi from a single male and soon after erected the monotypic subgenus Spirocarcinus to accommodate it (Pretzmann, 1972). Rodríguez (1982) could not examine the gonopods of the holotype and therefore treated it as incertae sedis because he judged Pretzmann's (1971, 1972) descriptions and illustrations to offer little diagnostic value. In the rearrangement of some groups within the Potamocarcini, Rodríguez and Hobbs (1989) considered some morphological characters of the G 1 of P. (S.) garthi to be closer to those of the G 1 of species of the Kingsleyini, particularly the open field of apical spines partially located longitudinally in an ear-like lobe directed towards the latero-cephalic side. They therefore raised Spirocarcinus to generic rank and transferred it to the tribe Kingsleyini. The situation and position of the apical field of spines as well as the presence of apical lobes in Spirocarcinus resemble those in genera assigned to the Kingsleyini, which might represent a possible affinity between them. The G 1 nevertheless shows a quite distinct organization in which the distal part is rather twisted as evidenced by the displacement of the marginal suture from the mesial to the cephalic surface on the distal sixth of the stem (Fig. 2 A, D). The marginal process also reaches the apex of the gonopod, being continuous with its distal border. In Kingsleyini, the distal part is not twisted, the marginal suture is straight, with the marginal process distinctly shorter than the apical lobes, and ending either straight or oriented towards the caudo-lateral side. This cephalad torsion of the marginal suture seems to be unique to Spirocarcinus as it is also not apparent in representatives of the other tribes of Pseudothelphusinae. A slight twist towards the cephalic side can be noticed in some species of Epilobocerinae (see Rodríguez 1982: 26, fig. 4), a group distributed in the West Indies and considered to be the most primitive among the Pseudothelphusidae (Rodríguez, 1982). The length of the exopod of the third maxilliped is 0.50 times the length of the outer margin of the ischium in Spirocarcinus (Fig. 2 E), which is similar to species of Potamocarcinus. In species of Kingsleyini, except Eudaniela spp., length does not exceed 0.3 the length of the outer margin of the ischium (Rodríguez 1982; Campos & Magalhães 2004). The presence of large triangular teeth on the lateral margin of the carapace (Fig. 2 F), though a rather uncommon feature among pseudothelphusids, can be found in a few species of both Potamocarcinini and Kingsleyini (Pretzmann 1975; Rodríguez 1982; Magalhães 1986; Rodríguez & Hobbs 1989). Whether those characters might indicate a closer affinity with Kingsleyini, Potamocarcinini or even with Epilobocerinae, remains to be investigated by a thorough morphological and molecular study that can help to evaluate the systematic relationships within the family (Villalobos & Álvarez 2010). The holotype of S. garthi (USNM 107096) is totally disarticulated, the anterolateral teeth broken or eroded, and both G 1 s detached from the body.	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
B7205608FF896871A3F7FC7B79EEDB9D.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Panamá, Darién Province, 1 male (cw 46.9, cl 41.9), USNM 1180978, Púcuro river, approximately 1000 m upstream from Tuira river, 12. Feb. 1985, R. W. Bouchard leg.	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
B7205608FF896871A3F7FC7B79EEDB9D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The only records available for the species are those of the type material from Yape river, a tributary of the Tuira river, and one female from Río Chucunaque (Magalhães & Türkay 1996 b). The present record is also for Tuira river basin, a little eastward from the type locality (Fig. 3). This is the only trichodactylid distributed in a river basin that drains into the Pacific.	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
B7205608FF896871A3F7FC7B79EEDB9D.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The morphological examination of the present specimen did not show any noticeable differences in the carapace and gonopod features from the specimens described and illustrated by Magalhães & Türkay (1996 b).	en	Magalhães, Célio, Campos, Martha R., Türkay, Michael (2013): Freshwater crabs from eastern Panamá: a new species of Potamocarcinus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, and new records of two little-known species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae). Zootaxa 3702 (4): 348-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.2
