identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
AD608789FFDDE67BCFDFFB7A37C6F8F8.text	AD608789FFDDE67BCFDFFB7A37C6F8F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthaxia Bílý 2019	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to the subgenera of  Anthaxia</p>
            <p>1 Subhumeral lobe small, weakly prominent or almost absent, lateral, elytral emargination shallow or almost missing (Figs. 26– 29); elytra subparallel in anterior half or two thirds, arcuately tapering posteriorly in posterior half or third, exceptionally weakly caudiform (Fig. 11); lateral sides of abdomen not visible from above (Figs. 1–5, 11–13)......................(2)</p>
            <p>- Subhumeral lobe large, sometimes almost angulate, lateral, elytral emargination deep and wide (Figs. 30–34, 37–39); elytra usually tapering posteriorly from humeri to apex; lateral sides of abdomen well-visible from above (Figs. 6–10, 14–16)........................................................................................................(3)</p>
            <p> 2 Usually multicolorous or brightly coloured species (Figs. 1, 3), only rarely unicolorously bronze, green or blue (Figs. 2, 4, 5, 11); pronotum weakly convex usually with wide (sometimes very deep) lateroposterior depressions (Fig. 1) only rarely almost regularly convex (Figs. 4, 5); pronotum rarely simply ocellate (Figs. 4, 5), usually with rather complicate sculpture consisting of transversely widened cells, longitudinal or transverse rugae or with concentric, fine wrinkles (Figs. 1–3, 40–42); sexual dichromatism often well-developed, only exceptionally absent; larval development in broad-leves plants, very rarely in Conifers; Palaearctic region, several species in Oriental region..........................................  Anthaxia s. str.</p>
            <p> - Black, dark bronze (Fig. 12), only exceptionally blue, blue-violet or green species (Fig. 13) without pronotal or elytral pattern; pronotum more or less regularly convex, lateroposterior depressions usually small, shallow, only exceptionally deep; pronotal sculpture usually rougher consisting of coarse, polygonal cells (often longitudinally prolonged along lateral margins) with large central grains (Fig. 43); pronotum very often with four small, rounded depressions at midlength (Fig. 12); sexual dichromatism absent, sometimes expressed only by different colouration of frons; larval development in Conifers; Holoarctic region...............................................................................  Melanthaxia Richter, 1949</p>
            <p> 3 Multicolorous species with typical elytral pattern (Fig. 17); frons flat or very deeply depressed; pronotal sculpture rather complicated: long, transverse rugae on posterior half, often combined with small, fine, polygonal and concentric cells on anterior half and longitudinal rugae along lateral margins (Fig. 50); anal sternite of female apically, deeply notched often with S-shaped lateral margins; antennae of male very long, always overlapping midlength of lateral, pronotal margins (Fig. 17), very often reaching posterior pronotal angles when laid alongside; parameres often laterally enlarged or with lateral teeth or spines (Fig. 74); south-eastern Asia................................................................  Merocratus Bílý, 1989</p>
            <p> - Usually uni- or bicolorous, only rarely multicolorous species; frons flat, convex or weakly depressed; pronotum more or less regularly convex with weak lateroposterior depressions, sculpture homogeneous consisting of oval or polygonal cells with or without central grains sometimes with transverse rugae on disc (Figs. 44–48) or with medial, longitudinal depression and transverse or oblique, medial and lateral rugae (Figs. 52–54); anal sternite of female apically notched or simply rounded; antennae much shorter usually reaching midlength of lateral, pronotal margins when laid alongside, or shorter...........(4) 4 Frons convex or strongly convex (Fig. 18); vertex very wide (2.5–3.5 times as wide as width of eye); eyes large, projecting beyond outline of head which is much wider than anterior pronotal margin; golden green to blue-green species usually with the typical, elytral and pronotal pattern (Fig. 18, 51), rarely entirely golden-green; south-eastern Asia..........................................................................................................  Thailandia Bílý, 1990</p>
            <p>- Frons flat, weakly convex or slightly depressed, vertex much narrower (0.3–2.5 times as wide as width of eye—e.g. Figs. 6– 10); head as wide as anterior pronotal margin or narrower; eyes not or (rarely) very weakly projecting beyond outline of head; colouration varies from unicolorously black or bronze to bi- or tricolorous.......................................(5)</p>
            <p> 5 Pronotum with a shallow or deep, medial longitudinal depression; pronotal sculpture consisting of simple punctures and transverse rugae, often combined with polygonal cells with central grains (Figs. 52–54); anal ventrite of female simply rounded; male meso- and metatibiae not modified; parameres always without lateral spines, median lobe without lateral serrations (Fig. 76); sexual dichromatism usually very weak, exceptionally strong; usually robust species; southern Africa...............................................................................................  Capanthaxia subgen. nov.</p>
            <p>- Pronotum without medial longitudinal depression, more or less convex, only with lateroposterior depressions; pronotal sculpture usually consisting of oval or polygonal cells which can be transversely enlarged and sometimes combined with fine, longitudinal rugae along lateral margins (Figs. 44–49); anal ventrite of female very often apically notched; male meso- and metatibiae usually modified (curved with inner serrations or spines—Fig. 8–10); parameres in some species with lateral teeth or spines, median lobe very often with lateral serrations (Figs. 62–73)...........................................(6)</p>
            <p> 6 Generally larger and stouter (5.5–16.0 mm) species with typical colouration: green with silky lustre, pronotum usually with two black, longitudinal stripes (Fig. 6), elytra of female sometimes green-violet or violet and pronotum often with orange lateral sides (Fig. 7); vertex very narrow (0.3–0.6 times as wide as width of eye); frons flat or weakly depressed; pronotum weakly convex, laterally flattened, sculpture consisting of rather rough, polygonal cells with central grains, cells often transversely enlarged on disc (Fig. 44); male antennomeres widened and terminal antennomeres often bicolorous (Fig. 6); elytra flattened, with well-developed lateral groove, sculpture very dense, homogeneous; male metafemora more or less swollen, rarely simple, male meso- and metatibiae often with inner serrations or teeth (Fig. 6); aedeagus slender, spindle-shaped, parameres without lateral spines, median lobe without lateral serrations (Fig. 60); mostly western Palaearctic, one species in China, two in Ethiopia ...............................................................  Cratomerus Solier, 1833</p>
            <p>- Generally smaller, tiny (2.5–11.0 mm) species; vertex flat or weakly convex, usually wider (0.5–2.5 times as wide as width of eye); male antennae unicolorous, only rarely weakly or strongly enlarged; pronotum moderately to strongly convex, with weak or moderately deep lateroposterior depressions; pronotal sculpture finer consisting of simple, rounded or polygonal cells with or without central grains, often with fine, transverse or lateral longitudinal rugae (Figs. 45–49); male metafemora simple, male metatibiae very often with finely to strongly serrate inner margin (Figs. 8–10); elytra more convex, with weak lateral groove, sculpture usually much less dense, less homogeneous; aedeagus of various shapes (Figs. 61–73): elongate, spindle-shaped, short and robust, parameres often with lateral spines or narrowed at apical half, median lobe very often laterally serrate; anal ventrite of female nearly always apically notched...........................................................(7)</p>
            <p> 7 Frons usually weakly convex, rarely flat, vertex generally narrower (0.5–1.5 times as wide as width of eye); antennae of male very often enlarged (Figs. 15–16); pronotum very convex, lateroposterior depressions very weak or almost absent, anterior third of lateral margins strongly rounded, pronotum looks somewhat “inflated” at anterior half (Figs. 14–16); posterior angles rectangular or acute, more or less prolonged, sometimes inserted in small notch in humeral callosity (Fig. 25); pronotal sculpture usually homogeneous consisting of fine, rounded, polygonal or weakly widened cells, rarely also with fine longitudinal rugae along lateral margins (Figs. 48) or entire pronotal disc with very fine, simple punctation (Fig. 49); elytra rather flattened, strongly narrowing from humeri to apex, lateral portions of all abdominal sternites usually clearly visible from above (Figs. 14–16); anal ventrite of female always notched apically; aedeagus slender, spindle-shaped (Fig. 61–63); from Thailand to the Middle East, southern Europe, Sahel, Eastern and South Africa .............................  Richteraxia subgen. nov.</p>
            <p> - Frons flat, weakly depressed or rarely finely convex, vertex generally wider (0.5–2.5 times as wide as width of eye); antennae of male not enlarged; pronotum less convex or flattened, latroposterior depressions shallow to deep and wide, anterior third of lateral margins weakly or very weakly rounded (Figs. 8–10); posterior pronotal angles rectangular or obtuse-angled; sculpture usually consisting of rounded or polygonal cells which are often transversely widened and combined with fine, transverse rugae or fine, lateral, longitudinal wrinkles (Fig. 46), sometimes pronotal sculpture also homogeneous consisting only of rounded cells (Fig. 45) or simple punctures (Fig. 47); elytra usually regularly convex, moderately tapering posteriorly or almost subcylindrical, usually only last 3 (4) abdominal ventrites well-visible from above (Figs. 9–10); anal ventrite of female usually apically notched or emarginate, rarely rounded; aedeagus of various shape (Figs. 64–73): tubuliform, spindle-shaped, widened or subcylindrical, often dorsoventrally bent; parameres often with lateral spines, median lobe often with serrate lateral margins; entire distribution area of the genus  Anthaxia except for northern parts of Asia and Europe....................................................................................................  Haplanthaxia Reitter, 1911</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD608789FFDDE67BCFDFFB7A37C6F8F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bílý, Svatopluk	Bílý, Svatopluk (2019): Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini). Zootaxa 4568 (2): 261-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.3
AD608789FFDCE67CCFDFF8BE3777FB55.text	AD608789FFDCE67CCFDFF8BE3777FB55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthaxia (Anthaxia) Eschscholtz 1829	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Subgenus  Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829</p>
            <p> Type species:  Buprestis nitida Rossi, 1794 (currently  Anthaxia (A.) fulgurans (Schrank, 1789)) ; subsequent designation by Westwood, 1838: 24. </p>
            <p> Anthaxia (Anthaxiola) Richter, 1945 (unavailable name, without designation of the type species). </p>
            <p> Anthaxia (Callanthaxia) Richter, 1945 ; type species:  Buprestis passerinii Pecchioli, 1837 . </p>
            <p> Anthaxia (Cyclanthaxia) Richter, 1949 ; type species:  Buprestis croesus Ƒillers, 1789 . </p>
            <p> Anthaxia (Euanthaxia) Richter, 1949 ; type species:  Buprestis millefolii sensu Richter, 1949 . </p>
            <p> Anthaxia (Homalanthaxia) Richter, 1945 (validiated by Bílý, 1997 with  A. funerula lliger 1803 as the type species). </p>
            <p> Cratomerus (Trichocratomerus) Richter, 1949 ; type species:  Buprestis manca Linnaeus, 1767 . </p>
            <p> Eoanthaxites Haupt, 1950 (fossil); type species:  Coraebus carniolica Pongrácz, 1935 . </p>
            <p>Usually flattened, rarely subcylindrical species; elytra more or less parallel-sided, covering lateral parts of ventrites from the dorsal view (Figs. 1–5, 11), elytral epipleura wide, not reaching elytral apex or very narrow (namely in middle of elytral length), almost missing in small, subcylindrical species (Fig. 29); subhumeral lobe very weak or absent (Figs. 26–29), lateral sides of elytra not or very weakly emarginate posterior to subhumeral lobe (Fig. 26– 29); pronotal sculpture consisting of simple, polygonal cells with or without central grains, lateral margins of pronotum often with oblique or longitudinal rugae (Fig. 42), in some species-groups pronotum with concentric rugae (Fig. 41) or with strongly prolonged, lateral cells (Fig. 40), sometimes all these types of sculpture are combined; very rarely pronotum with rather rough basal microsculpture and very weak, polygonal reticulation (Fig. 4); lateroposterior pronotal depressions usually well-developed, rarely weak (in some small, subcylindrical species—Figs. 4, 5); male antennae not widened, male metatibiae usually simple or only with fine, simple, inner serrations (Figs. 1–3, 11), very rarely more or less curved; aedeagus usually spindle-shaped, sometimes apical half strongly narrowed (Figs. 55, 56), median lobe without lateral serrations, parameres without lateral spines; coloration very diverse, from uniformly bronze to metallic green, dorsal surface often multicolorous (Figs. 1–5).</p>
            <p> BIONOMY. Development both in broad-leaved trees or shrubs and Conifers, very rarely also in herbs (e.g.  Anthaxia (A.) anatolica or  A. (A.) funerula species-groups). </p>
            <p>DISTRIBUTION: the whole Palaearctic region with a few species in the Oriental region.</p>
            <p> Many species or species-groups currently treated in this subgenus have to be transferred to the subgenus  Haplanthaxia . </p>
            <p> SPECIES INCLUDED: amasina species-group, anatolica species-group,  candens species-group, dimidiata species-group,  fulgurans species-group,  funerula species-group, glabrifrons species-group, hypomelaena speciesgroup, midas species-group, nitidula species-group, passerini species-group,  plicata species-group,  salicis speciesgroup, sedilloti species-group, senicula species-group, spinosa species-group; besides above mentioned speciesgroups also many other species which are not currently attributed to any species-group will be included. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD608789FFDCE67CCFDFF8BE3777FB55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bílý, Svatopluk	Bílý, Svatopluk (2019): Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini). Zootaxa 4568 (2): 261-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.3
AD608789FFDBE67DCFDFFADB30B8FE6C.text	AD608789FFDBE67DCFDFFADB30B8FE6C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthaxia (Cratomerus) Solier 1833	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Subgenus  Cratomerus Solier, 1833</p>
            <p> Type species:  Buprestis cyanicornis Fabricius, 1781 (currently  Anthaxia (Cratomerus) hungarica (Scopoli, 1772)) ; subsequent designation by Duponchel, (1844): 328. </p>
            <p>Large (5.5–16.0 mm) species with typical colouration: green with silky lustre, pronotum usually with two black, longitudinal, well-defined stripes (Fig. 6), elytra of female sometimes green-violet or violet and pronotum often with orange lateral sides (Figs. 7); vertex very narrow (0.3–0.6 times as wide as width of eye), frons flat or weakly depressed; pronotum weakly convex, laterally flattened, sculpture consisting of rather rough, polygonal cells with central grains (Fig. 44), cells often transversely enlarged on disc; male antennomeres widened and terminal antennomeres often bicolorous (Fig. 6); elytra flattened, wedge-shaped, with well-developed lateral groove; elytral sculpture dense and homogenous; lateral emargination and subhumeral lobe strongly-developed (Fig. 30), elytral epipleura wide but not reaching elytral apex; lateral sides of ventrites well-visible from above (Figs. 6, 7); male metafemora more or less swollen, rarely simple, male meso- and metatibiae curved often with inner serrations or teeth, sometimes with long, white pubescence (Fig. 6); aedeagus slender, spindle-shaped, parameres without lateral spines, median lobe without lateral serrations (Fig. 60); anal ventrite of female almost always with deeply notched posterior margin.</p>
            <p>BIONOMY. Development in broad-leaved trees and shrubs.</p>
            <p>DISTRIBUTION: western Palaearctic,with one species in northern China, one in Pakistan and two in Ethiopia. I presume this subgenus to be a typical example of the western Palaearctic fauna, with two closely related species reaching the northernmost part of the Afrotropical region.</p>
            <p> Richter (1949) included in this subgenus (genus in his concept) some species of  Haplanthaxia and  Richteraxia subgen. nov. Actually the division between  Cratomerus and  Haplanthaxia is rather difficult to determine. There is no single constant character (except for the size and elytral sculpture) which can distinguish the subgenera—the whole set of characters must be taken in consideration. </p>
            <p> SPECIES INCLUDED. In reality the subgenus contains only the  A. (C.) diadema species-group,  A. (C.) hungarica species-group and  A. (C.) sponsa species-group; other species-groups mentioned by Bellamy (2008) belong to the subgenera  Haplanthaxia or  Richteraxia subgen. nov.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD608789FFDBE67DCFDFFADB30B8FE6C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bílý, Svatopluk	Bílý, Svatopluk (2019): Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini). Zootaxa 4568 (2): 261-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.3
AD608789FFDAE67ECFDFFE1F3065FEAF.text	AD608789FFDAE67ECFDFFE1F3065FEAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) Reitter 1911	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Subgenus  Haplanthaxia Reitter, 1911</p>
            <p> Type species:  Buprestis cichorii Olivier, 1790 (currently  Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) cichorii (Olivier, 1790)) ; subsequent designation by Richter, 1949: 66. </p>
            <p> Anthaxia (Cratomerella) Richter, 1949 ; type species:  Anthaxia proteus Saunders, 1873</p>
            <p> Anthaxia (Chrysanthaxia) Richter, 1949 ; type species:  Anthaxia polychloros Abeille, 1894</p>
            <p> Anthaxia (Cryptanthaxia) Richter, 1949 ; type species:  Anthaxia rossica Daniel, 1903</p>
            <p> Anthaxia (Mesanthaxia) Richter, 1945 ; type species:  Anthaxia olympica Kiesenwetter, 1880</p>
            <p> Cratomerus (Cryptocratomerus) Richter, 1949 ; type species:  Anthaxia kiesenwetteri Marseul, 1865 . </p>
            <p> The largest and the most diverse subgenus of  Anthaxia . Usually small to medium-sized species (3.5–9.0 mm) of metallic colouration ranging from the black-bronze to bright green or multicolorous species (Figs. 8–10), often with black pronotal stripes or (rarely) with dark elytral pattern; frons flat, weakly depressed or rarely somewhat convex, vertex 0.5–2.5 times as wide as width of eye; antennae of male not or only weakly enlarged; pronotum moderately convex or flat, lateroposterior depressions shallow to deep and wide, anterior third of lateral margins weakly or very weakly rounded (Figs. 45–47); posterior pronotal angles obtuse-angled or less often rectangular; sculpture usually consisting of rounded or polygonal cells (with or without central grains) which are sometimes transversely widened and combined with fine, transverse rugae, or fine, lateral, longitudinal wrinkles (Fig. 46); only rarely pronotal sculpture consisting only of rounded cells (Fig. 45) or simple punctures (Fig. 47); elytra usually regularly convex, moderately tapering posteriorly or almost subcylindrical, usually only 3 (4) abdominal ventrites easily visible from above (Figs. 9–10); anal ventrite of female usually apically notched or emarginate, rarely rounded; aedeagus of various shapes, and almost all types of aedeagus known in  Anthaxia can be found in this subgenus: tubuliform, spindle-shaped, flattened, widened or subcylindrical, quite exceptionally asymmetric (Figs. 64–73); parameres often with lateral spines, median lobe often with serrate lateral margins. Tarsal claws in some species with large basal tooth (A. (H.) collaris species-group and some Afrotropical and Nearctic species). </p>
            <p> Some species of this subgenus have very often been placed in the subgenus  Cratomerus , but it seems that the most related subgenus is  Richteraxia subgen. nov. The division between both subgenera is rather unclear; the best diagnostic characters seems to be the form of the pronotum and its sculpture, as well as the shape and sculpture of elytra and the form of male metatibiae and antennae (see  Richteraxia subgen. nov. below). </p>
            <p> BIONOMY. Development in Conifers, broad-leaved trees and shrubs, and also in herbs (some South African species are associated with  Solanaceae ). </p>
            <p> DISTRIBUTION: entire distribution of the genus  Anthaxia except for the northern parts of Asia and Europe. </p>
            <p> SPECIES INCLUDED. The following species-groups are included:  aeneocuprea species-group, atomaria speciesgroup,  cichorii species-group, collaris species-group, flammifrons species-group, kheiliana species-group, laticeps species-group,  mashuna species-group, melancholica species-group,  millefolii species-group, mundula speciesgroup,  olympica species-group, phobos species-group,  proteus species-group, rothkirchi species-group, schah species-group, sculptipennis species-group, thunbergi species-group, umbellatarum species-group, weyersi species-group, winkleri species-group, zanzibarica species-group. Besides the above mentioned species-groups, many other species which are not currently attributed to any species-group will be included. It also contains many species currently treated in the subgenus  Anthaxia s. str. (Bílý, 1997, 1999; Bellamy, 2008). On the contrary some species attributed currently to  Haplanthaxia will be transferred to the subgenus  Richteraxia subgen. nov. or  Capanthaxia subgen. nov.</p>
            <p> All species of the  A. (H.) mashuna species-group (and a few, similar species from the southernmost part of Africa) possess only weakly developed subhumeral lobe (Fig. 33) so that they could be interpreted as belonging to  Anthaxia s. str. , but all other characters correspond to the subgenus  Haplanthaxia , namely the shape of elytra (Fig. 8) and extraordinary form of the male genitalia (Figs. 69). </p>
            <p> The largest subgenus of the genus  Anthaxia comprising about 70 % of all species. Many species-groups should be defined, and the subgenus should be revised group by group. Due to its world-wide distribution and an extreme similarity of some species it belongs among the taxonomically most difficult groups in  Buprestidae . It is interesting that all species of  Anthaxia distributed in Madagascar belongs only to this subgenus, but without any relationship to the fauna of the African continent. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD608789FFDAE67ECFDFFE1F3065FEAF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bílý, Svatopluk	Bílý, Svatopluk (2019): Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini). Zootaxa 4568 (2): 261-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.3
AD608789FFD9E67ECFDFFE42328FFB51.text	AD608789FFD9E67ECFDFFE42328FFB51.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthaxia (Melanthaxia) Richter 1949	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Subgenus  Melanthaxia Richter, 1949</p>
            <p> Type species:  Anthaxia godeti Gory &amp; Laporte, 1839 . </p>
            <p>Black, dark bronze, only exceptionally blue, blue-violet or green species without pronotal or elytral pattern (Figs. 12, 13); pronotum more or less regularly convex, lateroposterior depressions often small or weak, pronotal sculpture usually rough consisting of coarse, polygonal cells (often longitudinally prolonged along lateral margins), with large central grains (Figs. 43); pronotum very often with four small, rounded depressions at midlength (Fig. 12); subhumeral lobe very weak, as well as the lateral elytral emargination (Figs. 35, 36); elytral epipleura wide, not reaching elytral apex; aedeagus spindle-shaped or elongate, parameres always without lateral spines, median lobe without lateral serrations (Figs. 57–59); anal ventrite of female apically rounded or truncate; male meso- and metatrochanters of some species with small or large spine; sexual dichromatism absent, exceptionally expressed only by slightly different colouration of frons or ventral surface.</p>
            <p> One of the best defined subgenera of  Anthaxia , which is also well-characterised by its bionomy. </p>
            <p>BIONOMY. Development in Conifers; the majority of species are flower-visitors.</p>
            <p> DISTRIBUTION: Holoarctic region; the distribution more or less mirrors the distribution of the genus  Carabus Linnaeus, 1759 (Carabidae) . </p>
            <p> SPECIES INCLUDED. The following species-groups are included: aeneogaster species-group, californica species-group, carmen species-group, conradti species-group,  helvetica species-group, istriana species-group, leechi species-group, morio species-group, nanula species-group, neofunerula species-group,  obesa species-group, oregonensis species-group, prasina species-group,  quadripunctata species-group, strigata species-group, sturanyi species-group. Also in this subgenus there are many species which have not been attributed to any species-group, so far. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD608789FFD9E67ECFDFFE42328FFB51	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bílý, Svatopluk	Bílý, Svatopluk (2019): Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini). Zootaxa 4568 (2): 261-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.3
AD608789FFD9E67FCFDFFAC73626FF3A.text	AD608789FFD9E67FCFDFFAC73626FF3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Merocratus Bily 1989	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Subgenus  Merocratus Bílý, 1989</p>
            <p> Type species:  Anthaxia insulaecola Obenberger, 1944 ;  original designation . </p>
            <p> Relatively small group of medium-sized to large (4.5–10.0 mm), multicolorous species with typical elytral pattern (Fig. 17); ventral surface always metallic from violet to bright red-orange; frons flat or very deeply depressed; pronotal sculpture rather complicated: long, transverse rugae on posterior half often combined with small, fine, polygonal and concentric cells on anterior half, and longitudinal rugae along lateral margins (Fig. 50); elytral apices widely rounded; anal sternite of female apically deeply notched often with S-shaped lateral margins; antennae of male very long, always overlapping midlength of lateral, pronotal margins (Fig. 17), very often reaching posterior, pronotal angles when laid alongside; parameres often laterally enlarged or with lateral teeth or spines (Fig. 74), median lobe not serrate laterally. Dorsal surface usually asetose but in a few species elytra with rather long and dense pilosity (e.g.  A. (M.) longipilis Bílý, 1998 ). </p>
            <p> BIONOMY. Almost nothing is known about the bionomy of this subgenus; adults are flower-visitors often collected on flowers of  Castanopsis (Fagaceae) . I reared  A. (M.) barbieri Descarpentries, 1958 from branches of  Mangifera indica L. (  Anacardiaceae ) in Thailand. </p>
            <p>DISTRIBUTION: south-east Asia from India (Aruchanal Pradesh) to the Philippines.</p>
            <p> SPECIES INCLUDED:  Anthaxia (M.) barbieri Descarpentries, 1958 ,  A. (M.) beesoniana Gebhardt, 1926 , A. (M.) bellissima Bílý, 1990,  A. (M.) castanopsivora Bílý, 1998 ,  A. (M.) deyrollei Bílý, 1998 ,  A. (M.) insulaecola Obenberger, 1944 ,  A. (M.) jakli Bílý, 1996 ,  A. (M.) karati Obořil &amp; Bílý, 2003 ,  A. (M.) longipilis Bílý, 1998 ,  A. (M.) miranda Deyrolle, 1864 ,  A. (M.) pyropyga Bílý, 1998 ,  A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý, 1998 ,  A. (M.) tricolor Kerremans, 1912 ,  A. (M.) vietnamica Bílý, 1998 ,  A. (M.) violaceiventris Deyrolle, 1864 . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD608789FFD9E67FCFDFFAC73626FF3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bílý, Svatopluk	Bílý, Svatopluk (2019): Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini). Zootaxa 4568 (2): 261-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.3
AD608789FFD8E67FCFDFFEFF3714FC2B.text	AD608789FFD8E67FCFDFFEFF3714FC2B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthaxia (Thailandia) Bily 1990	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Subgenus  Thailandia Bílý, 1990</p>
            <p> Type species:  Thailandia paradoxa Bílý, 1990 ;  original designation . </p>
            <p>Medium-sized (4.5–7.5 mm), usually bicolorous species: golden green or blue-green with violet pronotal and elytral pattern (Fig. 18), rarely entirely golden green; frons convex or strongly convex, vertex very wide (2.5–3.5 times as wide as width of eye); eyes large, projecting beyond outline of head which is much wider than anterior pronotal margin (Fig. 18); pronotum more or less regularly convex with weak lateroposterior depressions, sculpture homogeneous consisting of oval or polygonal, sometimes transversely widened, cells without central grains (Fig. 51); antennae short usually reaching midlength of lateral, pronotal margins when laid alongside, or shorter; anal ventrite of female apically notched with fine, lateral serrations; aedeagus spindle-shaped or weakly spatulate, parameres often with small, lateral, preapical spine (Fig. 75); median lobe without lateral serrations. Very well defined subgenus due to the conspiciously wide head, convex frons, extremely wide vertex and typical coloration. Originally described as an independent genus (Bílý, 1 990), later downgraded to a subgenus (Bílý, 2005).</p>
            <p>BIONOMY. Completely unknown; adults are flower-visitors.</p>
            <p>DISTRIBUTION: India, Laos, Thailand.</p>
            <p> SPECIES INCLUDED:  Anthaxia (T.) capitata Kerremans, 1892 , A. (T.) paradoxa Bílý, 1990, A. (T.) phylanthi Obenberger, 1956, A.  (T.) rondoni Baudon, 1962 , A. (T.) siamensis Bílý, 2005, A. (T.) svobodai Bílý, 2005,. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD608789FFD8E67FCFDFFEFF3714FC2B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bílý, Svatopluk	Bílý, Svatopluk (2019): Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini). Zootaxa 4568 (2): 261-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.3
AD608789FFD8E670CFDFFBC13316FD47.text	AD608789FFD8E670CFDFFBC13316FD47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthaxia (Capanthaxia) Bílý 2019	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Subgenus  Capanthaxia subgen. nov.</p>
            <p> Type species:  Anthaxia capensis Kerremans, 1903 ;  present designation . </p>
            <p>DEFINITION OF THE SUBGENUS. Small to medium-sized (3.5–9.0), convex or flattened, subparallel, often elongate species (Figs. 19–24); frons weakly convex or flat, vertex 0.8–2.0 times as wide as width of eye; antennae short or very short, not overlapping pronotal midlength when laid alongside, antennomeres of male not widened; sculpture of head consisting of very small, dense, oval cells without distinct central grains.</p>
            <p>Pronotum moderately convex or flattened with medial, longitudinal depression or groove (Figs. 19–24); posterior angles rectangular or weakly obtuse-angled, maximum width at anterior third; sculpture consisting of transverse or weakly undulate rugae on disc and irregular, polygonal cells with tiny central grains along lateral margins (Figs. 52–54); lateroposterior depressions shallow but wide, sometimes prolonged anteriorly, reaching anterior pronotal third; prescutellar pit absent. Scutellum very small, triangular or cordiform, only slightly longer than wide.</p>
            <p>Elytra moderately convex or flattened, very often uneven (Fig. 22) or with traces of longitudinal rows of punctures (Figs. 19–21), apically widely rounded and somewhat shortened so that the pygidium is often visible from above (Figs. 19–24); humeral callosities small, not projecting beyond elytral outline; lateral, longitudinal groove well-developed, its preapical part deep, very often with large, strong punctures (Figs. 19–21); subhumeral lobe large, lateral emargination deep (Fig. 39); elytral epipleura usually enlarged posteriorly almost reaching elytral apex; sculpture consisting of fine punctures (sometimes forming longitudinal rows on apical half of elytra—Figs. 19–20), or fine, transverse rugae (Figs. 23, 24).</p>
            <p>Legs moderately long, male tibiae simple, not modified, only with fine, inner serrations; tarsal claws simple, not widened at base; anal ventrite of both sexes regularly rounded, without lateral serrations.</p>
            <p>Aedeagus (Fig. 76) rather short, spindle-shaped, parameres without lateral spines, often widened at basal two thirds, median lobe without lateral serrations.</p>
            <p>DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS. The subgenus is characterised first of all by the pronotal sculpture with the longitudinal, medial depression, transverse or somewhat undulate rugae which cover the entire pronotal disc (Figs. 52–54); only lateral parts of pronotum along the lateral margins (sometimes only the posterior angles) with rough polygonal, often prolonged cells. Another, very typical character is the shape of the elytral apex which is usually widely rounded, not completely covering the pygidium, with the deep lateral groove (Figs. 19–24). Also the elytral sculpture is rather different from that of other subgenera: longitudinal rows of punctures (Fig. 19, 20), transverse rugae (Figs. 23, 24) or the irregular sculpture on deeply uneven elytra (Fig. 22).</p>
            <p> Some characters (e.g. medial, pronotal depression) can be found also in the subgenus  Anthaxia s. str. (  A. (A.) candens species-group) but these species differ from the species of  Capanthaxia subgen. nov. by the set of other characters (see above and the key) and by the distribution. </p>
            <p>BIONOMY. Unknown; at least some species are flower-visitors.</p>
            <p>ETYMOLOGY. The name of this subgenus reflects its distribution in the southernmost provinces of South Africa</p>
            <p>DISTRIBUTION. South Africa (Cape Provinces, Namaqualand, Natal).</p>
            <p> SPECIES INCLUDED:  Anthaxia (C.) aterrima Kerremans, 1903 species-group,  A. (C.) capensis Kerremans, 1903 species-group and.  A. (C.) sulcicollis Obenberger, 1928 species-group. </p>
            <p>NOTE. I suspect that this subgenus is probably polyphyletic comprising unrelated taxa, but the uniqueness of some South African species calls for a separate subgenus, which is evidently formed by three different, unrelated species-groups.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD608789FFD8E670CFDFFBC13316FD47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bílý, Svatopluk	Bílý, Svatopluk (2019): Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini). Zootaxa 4568 (2): 261-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.3
AD608789FFD7E670CFDFFD2A3285F954.text	AD608789FFD7E670CFDFFD2A3285F954.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthaxia (Capanthaxia) aterrima Kerremans 1903	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Anthaxia (Capanthaxia) aterrima Kerremans, 1903 species-group</p>
            <p>DEFINITION OF THE SPECIES- GROUP. Large (7.0–9.0 mm), robust, subparallel, asetose (except for very short, pale frontal pubescence) species; dorsal surface lustrous, black or black bronze, exceptionally with scutellum and short, narrow prescutellar line green (Fig. 22); ventral surface metallic bronze.</p>
            <p>Head relatively small, narrower than anterior pronotal margin; frons flat, vertex 0.6–0.8 times as wide as width of eye; antennae of both sexes fusiform, very short reaching anterior third of lateral pronotal margins when laid alongside; eyes large but not projecting beyond outline of head; sculpture consisting of small, oval cells with tiny central grains.</p>
            <p>Pronotum wide, lateral margins widely rounded at anterior two thirds, almost straight at posterior third, posterior angles rectangular; disc of pronotum with wide, rather deep, longitudinal depression in posterior two thirds, lateroposterior depressions wide, deep, prolonged anteriorly to pronotal midlength (Figs. 22, 53); sculpture rather complicated, consisting of fine, transverse rugae on posterior half of disc, fine, longitudinally prolonged cells without central grains along lateral margins and simple, fine punctures on anterior third of disc (Fig. 53). Scutellum small, cordiform, about 1.5 times as long as wide.</p>
            <p>Elytra slightly shortened (pygidium visible from above), wedge-shaped, strongly uneven with wide, almost rounded depression at anterior third, wide, transverse depression at posterio third and deep, longitudinal depressions along middle part of lateral margins (Fig. 22); basal, transverse depression wide, deep, reaching scutellum; each elytron widely, separately rounded apically, humeral callosities well-developed but not projecting beyond elytral outline.</p>
            <p>Legs relatively short, male metatibiae straight with very fine inner serrations, anal ventrite of both sexes simply rounded.</p>
            <p>Aedeagus prolonged, parameres moderately widened at basal half, median lobe without lateral serrations (figs. 21–24 in Obořil &amp; Baňař, 2015).</p>
            <p>DISTRIBUTION: South Africa (Cape Provinces).</p>
            <p> SPECIES INCLUDED:  Anthaxia (Capanthaxia) aterrima Kerremans, 1903 , A. (C.) kamieserrima Obořil &amp; Baňař, 2015. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD608789FFD7E670CFDFFD2A3285F954	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bílý, Svatopluk	Bílý, Svatopluk (2019): Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini). Zootaxa 4568 (2): 261-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.3
AD608789FFD7E674CFDFF8D2373CFEF3.text	AD608789FFD7E674CFDFF8D2373CFEF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthaxia (Capanthaxia) capensis Kerremans 1903	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Anthaxia (Capanthaxia) capensis Kerremans, 1903 species-group</p>
            <p>DEFINITION OF THE SPECIES- GROUP. Small to medium-sized (3.5–6.0 mm), black, black-bronze or multicolorous, asetose species (Figs. 19–21).</p>
            <p>Head relatively large, as wide as anterior pronotal margin, eyes large but not projecting beyond outline of head; antennae short reaching anterior third of lateral pronotal margins when laid alongside; sculpture consisting of very small, polygonal cells with tiny central grains.</p>
            <p>Pronotum almost regularly convex, with fine, longitudinal, medial groove at least on posterior half (Figs. 19– 21, 52), lateral margins regularly rounded at anterior two thirds, posterior angles rectangular; lateroposterior depressions wide, very shallow sometimes almost missing; sculpture consisting of fine, transversely widened cells and transverse, somewhat undulate rugae on disc, and polygonal cells with central grains along lateral margins (Fig. 52), exceptionally entire pronotum with fine, polygonal ocellation which is almost missing on disc (Fig. 21). Scutellum small, subcordiform, only slightly longer than wide.</p>
            <p>Elytra short, robust, widely, separately rounded apically, not completely covering the pygidium (Figs. 19–21); lateral groove deep, in posterior half with large, strong punctures; humeral callosities small; basal transverse depression shallow, not reaching scutellum; sculpture consisting of rather fine, irregular punctures and strong punctures forming poorly defined, longitudinal rows (Figs. 19–21); elytral epipleura wide, almost reaching elytral apex.</p>
            <p>Anal ventrite of both sexes simply rounded, legs short, male metatibiae only with very fine, almost invisible, inner serrations.</p>
            <p>Aedeagus (Fig. 76) shortly spindle-shaped, parameres weakly narrowed at apical half, median lobe without lateral serrations.</p>
            <p>DISTRIBUTION: South Africa (Cape Provinces).</p>
            <p> SPECIES INCLUDED:  Anthaxia (Capanthaxia) bellamyi Bílý 2002 ,  A. (C.) capensis Kerremans, 1903 ,  A. (C.) hilaris Gory, 1841 . </p>
            <p> NOTE. All three species were attributed by Bellamy (2008) and Bílý (2002) to the subgenus  Haplanthaxia . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD608789FFD7E674CFDFF8D2373CFEF3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bílý, Svatopluk	Bílý, Svatopluk (2019): Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini). Zootaxa 4568 (2): 261-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.3
AD608789FFD2E675CFDFFF4E36E7FC04.text	AD608789FFD2E675CFDFFF4E36E7FC04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthaxia (Capanthaxia) sulcicollis Obenberger 1928	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Anthaxia (Capanthaxia) sulcicollis Obenberger, 1928 species-group</p>
            <p>DEFINITION OF THE SPECIES- GROUP. Medium-sized (4.0–7.0 mm), elongate, subcylindrical, asetose species; dorsal surface black, black-green, green or bicolorous (golden-green with red-orange lateral pronotal margins and laterosternites)— Figs. 23, 24; ventral surface usually black or black-green.</p>
            <p>Head small, as wide as anterior pronotal margin, frons flat or weakly convex, vertex twice as wide as width of eye; antennae short (male) or very short (female) reaching midlength or anterior third of lateral pronotal margins when laid alongside; sculpture of frons consisting of very small, dense oval cells without central grains.</p>
            <p>Pronotum transverse, about 1.8 times as wide as long, weakly convex, with rather deep, medial groove reaching both anterior and posterior margins (Figs. 23, 24, 54); lateral margins weakly rounded, rather strongly widened anteriorly, maximum width at anterior fourth; lateroposterior depressions wide, deep, reaching anteriorly pronotal midlength; sculpture consisting of fine, transverse rugae or transversely arranged, polygonal cells on disc and small, rounded cells without central grains along lateral margins (Fig. 54). Scutellum very small, triangular, as long as wide.</p>
            <p>Elytra subcylindrical, regularly convex, only weakly tapering posteriorly, about 3 times as long as wide, not completely covering pygidium (Figs. 23, 24); apices widely, separately rounded, without lateral serrations; humeral callosities small, basal, transverse depression very shallow, not reaching scutellum; sculpture consisting of fine, transverse rugae (Figs. 23, 24).</p>
            <p>Legs relatively short, male metatibiae straight, without inner serrations; tarsomeres 3 and 4 widened with large, adhesive pads (Figs. 23, 24); anal ventrite of both sexes simply rounded apically.</p>
            <p>Aedeagus very short, regularly spindle-shaped, median lobe without lateral serrations.</p>
            <p>DISTRIBUTION: South Africa (Cape Provinces, Namaqualand, Natal).</p>
            <p> SPECIES INCLUDED:  Anthaxia (Capanthaxia) sexualis Obenberger, 1928 ,  A. (C.) sulcicollis Obenberger, 1928 (both species were placed in the subgenus  Anthaxia s. str. by Bellamy (2008) and Bílý (1997). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD608789FFD2E675CFDFFF4E36E7FC04	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bílý, Svatopluk	Bílý, Svatopluk (2019): Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini). Zootaxa 4568 (2): 261-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.3
AD608789FFD2E676CFDFFBE831B6FB4F.text	AD608789FFD2E676CFDFFBE831B6FB4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anthaxia (Richteraxia) Bílý 2019	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Subgenus  Richteraxia subgen. nov.</p>
            <p> Type species:  Buprestis angustipennis Klug, 1829 ;  present designation . </p>
            <p>DEFINITION OF THE SUBGENUS. Medium-sized to large (5.0–13.0 mm), slender, usually strongly acuminate species; dorsal surface bronze, dark bronze, red-bronze, golden green or bicolorous (Figs. 14–16).</p>
            <p>Head rather small, frons usually weakly convex, rarely flat, vertex narrow (0.5–1.5 times as wide as width of eye); antennae of male often enlarged (Figs. 15–16).</p>
            <p>Pronotum usually strongly convex, lateroposterior depressions very weak or absent, only rarely wide and shallow, anterior third of lateral margins strongly rounded; pronotum looks somewhat “inflated” at anterior half (Figs. 14–16, 48, 49); posterior angles rectangular or sharp-angled, more or less prolonged, sometimes inserted in small notch in the humeral callosity (Fig. 25); pronotal sculpture usually homogeneous consisting of fine, rounded (Fig. 48), polygonal or weakly widened cells rarely also with fine transverse rugae at middle or fine longitudinal rugae along lateral margins, exceptionally entire pronotal disc with very fine, simple puncturation (Fig. 49). Elytra, narrow, rather flattened, strongly narrowing from humeri to apex, lateral portions of all abdominal ventrites clearly visible from above (Figs. 14–16); elytral epipleura usually wide, not reaching elytral apex; elytral apices with fine or rather strong lateral serrations.</p>
            <p>Male metatibiae straight or weakly curved, often flattened with fine, inner serrations; anal ventrite of female notched apically; aedeagus slender, spindle-shaped or narrowed at posterior half, parameres without lateral spines (Figs. 61–63), median lobe without lateral serrations.</p>
            <p> DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS. The subgenus  Richteraxia subgen. nov. is similar and most probably also closely related to the subgenus  Haplanthaxia from which it differs by the more acuminate body, posteriorly strongly narrowed elytra, sometimes conspicuously widened antennae of male, rather simple, spindle-shaped aedeagus (sometimes narrowed at posterior half) but first of all by the shape and sculpture of pronotum. The anterior half of pronotum is usually conspicuously convex with widely rounded anterior angles (Figs. 48, 49) and the posterior angles are sharply rectangular or sharp-angled, often prolonged posteriorly, forming something like a “lock", together with the small notch in the anterior margin of the humeral callosity (Fig. 25). The pronotal sculpture is usually more simple than that of the subgenus  Haplanthaxia consisting of the simple, regular ocellation, sometimes with the fine, transverse rugae on the disc, exceptionally the pronotal disc is covered by the simple, fine puncturation (Fig. 49). Males of many afrotropical species of this subgenus possess flattened metatibiae, the character which does not occur in  Haplanthaxia . </p>
            <p> BIONOMY. Unknown, but many species from the Middle East and Eastern Africa are associated with the genus  Acacia (Fabaceae) . </p>
            <p>DISTRIBUTION: India, the Middle East, Sahel, south Europe, Eastern and South Africa, a few species in SE Asia.</p>
            <p> ETYMOLOGY. The subgenus  Richteraxia subgen. nov. is named after the Russian entomologist A. A. Richter (1911–1950) who devoted his short life to the family  Buprestidae and who first recognised this subgenus. </p>
            <p> Many species which were included by Richter (1949) in the subgenus  Cryptocratomerus are now attributed to the subgenus  Richteraxia subgen. nov. Unfortunately Richter (1949) designated  Anthaxia kiesenwetteri Marseul, 1865 (belonging to the subgen.  Haplanthaxia ) as the type species of  Cryptocratomerus so that a new type species, and the new name  Richteraxia subgen. nov. had to be made for the subgenus containing the majority of species included by Richter in his subgenus  Cryptocratomerus . </p>
            <p> SPECIES INCLUDED. Many species previously included in the subgenus  Haplanthaxia or  Cratomerus :  Anthaxia (R.) abdita Bílý, 1982 , A.  (R.) amplithorax Kerremans, 1903 , A. (R.) andreini Kerremans, 1907, A.  (R.) angustipennis (Klug, 1829) , A. (R.) caudipennis Bílý, 1983, A. (R.) colonialis Obenberger, 1917, A.  (R.) congolana Kerremans, 1909 , A.  (R.) crassa Obenberger, 1922 , A. (R.) cratomerina Obenberger, 1922, A. (R.) cuneiptera Bílý, 1999, A. (R.) delagoana Obenberger, 1917, A. (R.) dilatipes Obenberger, 1928, A. (R.) fossicollis Kerremans, 1899, A. (R.) holynskyi Bílý, 1990, A. (R.) hornburgi Bílý, 2007, A. (R.) hypsibata Obenberger, 1924, A.  (R.) imperatrix Obenberger, 1928 , A. (R.) iveta Svoboda, 2003, A. (R.) liuchangloi Obenberger, 1958, A. (R.) maracaensis Théry, 1930, A.  (R.) marginifera Abeille, 1907 , A. (R.) moira Obenberger, 1931, A. (R.) moises Obenberger, 1921, A. (R.) nyassica Obst, 1903, A. (R.) prepsli Bílý, 1995, A. (R.) protractula Obenberger, 1931, A. (R.) reticollis Quedenfeldt, 1886, A. (R.) robusticornis Bílý, 1990, A. (R.) roxana Bílý, 1983, A. (R.) rudebecki Descarpentries, 1970, A. (R.) semiramis Obenberger, 1913, A. (R.) sudana Obenberger, 1928, A. (R.) vientianei Baudon, 1960. </p>
            <p>After taxonomic revisions of certain African species-groups, probably many species will be synonymised; on the contrary new species could be expected in the Middle East and East Africa.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD608789FFD2E676CFDFFBE831B6FB4F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bílý, Svatopluk	Bílý, Svatopluk (2019): Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini). Zootaxa 4568 (2): 261-278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.2.3
