identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
AE0787804C00FF95C063FABEFF44FBA1.text	AE0787804C00FF95C063FABEFF44FBA1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachyradia ík & Kjaerandsen 2012	<div><p>Brachyradia, new genus</p> <p>Type species. — Brachyradia asiatica, new species</p> <p>Gender. — Feminine</p> <p>Etymology. — The generic name refers to the very short radial vein R 1 of the wing.</p> <p>Diagnostic characters. — Small compact fungus gnats (body length 2–3 mm, wing length 1.3–2.1 mm) of the tribe Exechiini with mainly yellowish body (Fig. 1A, B), habitually similar to Brevicornu, Cordyla, and Neallodia but possessing a unique combination of modified wing venation, modified palps, shape of thoracic sclerites and terminalia. Wing vein R 1 very short (Fig. 1D–F), ending in costa in basal half of wing. Anepisternum (Fig. 1C) bare, subsquare with almost horizontal lower margin. Palpomere III (Fig. 2A–E) enlarged, forming a triangular shield over base of palpomere IV that is attached at the middle of the ventral surface. Tergite IX of male terminalia (Figs. 2G, 3C, 4C) strongly reduced, medially divided and devoid of setae. Female terminalia (Figs. 3D, 4D) short oviscapt, with two-segmented cercus.</p> <p>Description. — Head (Fig. 2A–C) slightly elongated, subrectangular in frontal view. Compound eyes relatively small, covering about half of the length of head in lateral view. Lateral ocellus touching the eye margin, mid ocellus absent. Frons with several dark setae laterally in front of the ocelli, and several strong setae above the upper eye margin. Occipital furrow absent, frontal furrow short. Face short, with a few setae. Clypeus subrectangular to ovate, covered with short setae. Antenna (Fig. 2F) unmodified, about as long as head and thorax together; flagellum cylindrical with 14 short flagellomeres (F2 about as wide as long then gradually longer towards tip where F14 is 2 times as long as wide). Palp with 4 visible segments (Fig. 2C); palpomere I &amp; II seemingly fused, palpomere III (Fig. 2A, C–E) enlarged, forming a triangular shield over base of palpomere IV that is attached at the middle of the ventral surface, sensory groove placed in basal half with opening on dorsal surface; palpomere V (Fig. 2E) longer than palpomere III+IV together.</p> <p>Thorax (Fig. 1C) compact and somewhat dorsoventrally compressed; less highly arched than in most Exechiini. Scutum with small decumbent bristles intermingled among small setae, not arranged in distinct lines. Scutellum about as long as wide, its dorsal surface densely covered with dark setae, subapical bristles slightly longer than scutellum. Antepronotum and proepisternum with several dark setae, 3–5 proepisternal bristles. Anepisternum bare, subsquare with almost horizontal lower margin. Mediotergite and preepisternum 2 bare; ventral edge of preepisternum 2 convex, evenly rounded. Laterotergite with several dark bristles. Wing membrane covered with microtrichia in regular longitudinal rows; costa and R 4+5 with dorsal and ventral setae, radial stem and R 1 with dorsal setae only, other veins devoid of setae. Wing venation (Fig. 1D–F) modified: vein sc extremely short, vestigial and ending free; costa distinctly produced beyond R 4+5; vein R 1 very short, ending in costa less than half way from base of dmp to tip of wing; vein ta short, interrupted by a longitudinal fold; stem of M-fork short, 0.8–2.5 times as long as ta (Fig. 1D–F); Cu-fork branching slightly beyond branching of M-fork (Fig. 1D–E) or opposite to it (Fig. 1F); vein M 2 distinctly shortened, breaking between 2/3 and 3/4 its length before wing margin; CuP strong, apically weaker, reaching beyond the point of furcation of M; vein A 1 weak, short; A 2 distinct, not reaching wing margin. Legs covered with dark trichia and setae. All coxae with several black setae apically. Hind coxa in basal third with 2–3 fine dark posterolateral bristles. Femora laterally compressed, clothed with numerous dark trichia. All tibiae with numerous small trichia tending to form regular longitudinal rows and with several scattered short bristles. Fore tibia without any special tibial organ. One spur on fore tibia, about half as long as fore tibia; two spurs on both mid and hind tibia, ventral spurs slightly longer than dorsal ones. Hind tarsomere 1 with cluster of enlarged setulae ventrally at base (possibly a sensory organ operating together with spurs). Tarsal claws small, empodium absent.</p> <p>Abdominal segments (Fig. 1A, B) with dark brown markings along posterior margins. Sternites narrow, with a more or less distinct medial concave fold longitudinally.</p> <p>Male terminalia (Figs. 2G, H, 3A–C, 4A–C) small; tergite IX strongly reduced, medially divided, devoid of setae; proctiger enlarged, narrowly connected to tergite IX, cerci large, epiproct distinct, hypoproct large, downcurved, with pointed apex; gonocoxite ventrally with deep vshaped anterior emargination and wide shallow posteror emargination, open dorsally; hypandrial lobe well developed, bulbous; aedeagal guides retracted into gonocoxite; gonocoxal apodemes strongly sclerotized; aedeagal apparatus with pair of pointed parameres and apodemes connecting to gonocoxite. Gonostylus (Figs. 3B, 4B) with five distinct branches; dorsal branch large, lanceolate; dorsointernal branch bulbous, detached from dorsal branch, with a few strong setae; medial branch elongated, sclerotized, apically dilated, devoid of setae; ventral branch narrow elongated, with setae mostly confined to basal half; internal branch knob-like, with pair of strong setae apically; anterior branch vestigial or absent, striated internal cushion absent.</p> <p>Female terminalia (Figs. 3D, 4D) short oviscapt, with tergite VII and IIX deeply retracted into segment VI; tergite VII small, with strongly sclerotized marginal sutures; cercus two-segmented, both segments short ovate; gonocoxite VIII with triangular apex in lateral view, apex with a few strong bristles; gonapophysis VIII thin, hyaline; gonapophysis IX triangularly tapered, sclerotized, with pair of small setae on tip.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE0787804C00FF95C063FABEFF44FBA1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	ík, Jan ev;Kjaerandsen, Jostein	ík, Jan ev, Kjaerandsen, Jostein (2012): Brachyradia, A New Genus Of The Tribe Exechiini (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) From The Oriental And Australasian Regions. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 60 (1): 117-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5347102
AE0787804C05FF95C040FBDEFBBBF900.text	AE0787804C05FF95C040FBDEFBBBF900.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachyradia asiatica ík & Kjaerandsen 2012	<div><p>Brachyradia asiatica, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 1A, D, 2A, B, G, 3A–D)</p> <p>Type material. — Holotype male: THAILAND, Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep NP, 31 Oct.2004, No. 11, along a forest brook, coll. L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári (HNHM, pinned).</p> <p>Paratypes: 1 male: THAILAND, Nakhon Ratchasima, Khao Yai NP, evergreen forest near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.37347&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.458517" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.37347/lat 14.458517)">Tiger Trail</a>, 14°27.511'N, 101°22.408'E, 760 m, Malaise trap, 19–26 Jun.2007, coll. Pong Sandao, T2229 (in QSBG); 1 male, 1 female: Kamphaeng Phet, Mae Wong NP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.107864&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.099466" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.107864/lat 16.099466)">Chong Yen</a>, 16°5.968'N, 99°6.472'E, 1306 m, Malaise trap, 3–10 Sep.2007, coll. Chumpol Piluk &amp; Aram Inpuang, T2812 (JSOC); 1 male: Prachuab Khiri Khan, Khao Sam Roi Yot NP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.95797&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.126333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.95797/lat 12.126333)">Nursery</a>, 12°7.58'N, 99°57.478'E, Malaise trap, 6–13 Jul.2008, coll. Amnad &amp; Yai, T3035 (QSBG); 2 males, 1 female: Chiang Mai, Doi Chiang Dao NP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.92185&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.404633" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.92185/lat 19.404633)">Nature</a> trail, 19°24.278'N, 98°55.311'E, 491 m, Malaise trap, 10–24 Mar.2008, coll. Songkran &amp; Apichart, T3155, T3156 (MZLU [-JKJ-SPM-058443-45, all on slides]); 2 males, 4 females: MALAYSIA, Selangor, Ulu Gombak, University of Malaya Field Study Centre, 800 ft, Malaise trap, 22 Feb. – 21 Mar.1997, coll. H. Hippa, M. Jaschhof &amp; B. Viklund (NHRS); 1 male: INDONESIA, South Sulawesi, Tana Toraja, Rantepao, 21–23 Jan.2010, Malaise trap, coll. J. Šev ík (JSOC).</p> <p>Diagnosis. — On average, slightly larger than B. australis, with darker abdominal tergites. Distinct diagnostic characters are found in the detailed shape of the terminalia. In lateral view the male gonostylus (Fig. 3B) has straight dorsal branch, curved ventral branch, and dilated but not distinctly T-shaped medial branch; the hypandrial lobe (Fig. 3A) is small; and the cerci (Fig. 3C) are rectangular. The female terminalia (Fig. 3D) have rounded posterior margin of tergite VI.</p> <p>Etymology. — The specific name refers to the occurrence of this species in Asia.</p> <p>Description. — Male: Body length 2.6–3.0 mm. Wing length 1.95–2.08 mm. Colouration overall brownish yellow. Head, all antennal segments, mouthparts and palpi yellowish. Scutum and pleurites uniform yellowish brown, halter brownish yellow. Wings hyaline, membrane unmarked. Legs all yellowish. Abdomen yellowish with brown markings; tergites I–IV with a dark posterior triangular marking, tergite IV darkened also laterally, tergite V all blackish brown, tergites VI–VIII mostly brown. All tergites and sternites covered with pale setae. Terminalia yellowish brown, ventral lobes of gonostylus sclerotized, blackish brown. Terminalia (Figs. 2G, 3A–C) with proctiger narrowly connected to the reduced tergite IX, enlarged with distinct pointed epiproct and large internal hypoproct with pointed, downcurved apex. Cerci long rectangular, with angular corners apically. Gonocoxite with small bulbous hypandrial lobe; aedeagal guides large, rounded, retracted into gonocoxite. Aedeagal apparatus with sclerotized apodeme connecting to conocoxite. Gonostylus (Fig. 3B) with five distinct branches; dorsal branch long rectangular, setose on outer surface, inner surface with some setae ventrally and apically; dorsointernal branch bulbous, sclerotized, with a few strong setae medially and a strong bristle subapically; medial branch elongated, sclerotized, apically moderately dilated, devoid of setae; ventral branch long narrow, rectangular in ventral view, gently curved in lateral view, with setae scattered on basal half, one small stiff seta apically; internal branch long subtriangular, with pair of strong setae apically; anterior branch vestigial or absent.</p> <p>Female: Body length 2.4–2.5 mm. Wing length 1.65–1.95 mm. Colouration similar to male. Terminalia (Fig. 3D) short oviscapt, with tergite VII and IIX deeply retracted into segment VI. Tergite VI widely but shallowly excavated dorsally, forming rounded, weakly crenulated posterior margin, marginal setae long. Cercus 2 narrow ovate, without constricted base. Gonocoxite VIII with two apical bristles much stronger than the rest. Gonapophysis VIII narrow, hyaline.</p> <p>Variation. — We found a certain variation in the length of the M-petiole (even between left and right wing of same specimen) that sometimes makes the point of furcation of M opposite to that of Cu-fork, sometimes distinctly before it.</p> <p>Biology. — Unknown</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE0787804C05FF95C040FBDEFBBBF900	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	ík, Jan ev;Kjaerandsen, Jostein	ík, Jan ev, Kjaerandsen, Jostein (2012): Brachyradia, A New Genus Of The Tribe Exechiini (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) From The Oriental And Australasian Regions. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 60 (1): 117-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5347102
AE0787804C05FF96C28AF979FB90FF61.text	AE0787804C05FF96C28AF979FB90FF61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachyradia australis ík & Kjaerandsen 2012	<div><p>Brachyradia australis, new species</p> <p>(Figs. 1B, C, E, F, 2C–F, H, 4A–D)</p> <p>Type material. — Holotype male: PAPUA NEW GUINEA, SE, Mamai Pltn., E of Port Glasgow, 150 m, 16 Feb.1965, coll. R. Straatman, light trap (BMHC, pinned).</p> <p>Paratypes: 1 male: INDONESIA, South Sulawesi, Tana Toraja, Tilangga, 10 km S of Rantepao, 970 m, 23 Jan.2010, J. Šev ík leg. (JSOC); 18 males, 3 females: PAPUA NEW GUINEA, Madang Province, Halopa village, 600 m, primary rain forest, Oct. – Nov.</p> <p>2000, coll. L. í ek, Malaise trap (SMOC, JSOC and MZLU [- JKJ-SPM-058446-51, these 4 males and 2 females mounted on slides]).</p> <p>Diagnosis. — On average slightly smaller than B. asiatica, with paler abdominal tergites. Distinct diagnostic characters are found in the detailed shape of the terminalia. In lateral view the male gonostylus (Fig. 4B) has curved dorsal branch, straight ventral branch, and distinctly T-shaped medial branch; the hypandrial lobe (Fig. 4A) is large; and the cerci (Fig. 4C) are long digitiform. The female terminalia (Fig. 4D) have straight posterior margin of tergite VI.</p> <p>Etymology. — The specific name australis means “southern” in Latin and refers to the occurrence of this species in the southern hemisphere.</p> <p>Description. — Male: Body length 2.0– 2.5 mm. Wing length 1.32–1.7 mm. Colouration overall brownish yellow and as in B. asiatica, except abdominal tergite V yellowish laterally and tergites VI–VIII mostly yellowish. Terminalia (Figs. 2H, 4A–C) with proctiger narrowly connected to the reduced tergite IX, less enlarged with retracted epiproct, large internal hypoproct very hyaline centrally (Fig. 2H), with rounded apex and downcurved digitate process. Cerci long slender, with round corners apically. Gonocoxite with large bulbous hypandrial lobe; aedeagal guides small, retracted into gonocoxite. Aedeagal apparatus with weakly sclerotized apodeme connecting to conocoxite. Gonostylus (Fig. 4B) with five distinct branches; dorsal branch long, narrow bladeshaped, sigmoid in lateral view, setose on outer surface, inner surface with rather few setae; dorsointernal branch bulbous, sclerotized, with pair of strong setae apically and a strong bristle subapically; medial branch elongated, sclerotized, apically distinctly dilated into a T-shape with acute corners, devoid of setae; ventral branch long narrow, gently incurved with spoon-shaped apical half in ventral view, straight in lateral view, with scattered setae on basal half, devoid of seta apically; internal branch short subquadrangular, with pair of strong setae apically; anterior branch vestigial or absent.</p> <p>Female: Body length 2.3–3.0 mm. Wing length 1.50–1.90 mm. Colouration similar to male. Terminalia (Fig. 4D) short oviscapt, with tergite VII and IIX deeply retracted into segment VI. Tergite VI short, with straight posterior margin; marginal setae short. Cercus 2 ovate, with constricted base. Gonocoxite VIII with three apical bristles somewhat stronger than the rest. Gonapophysis VIII broad, hyaline.</p> <p>Variation. — In this species we found even more variation in proportions of their wing venation (Fig. 1E–F): The Mpetiole varies between 0.8 and 2.5 times as long as crossvein ta, that again sometimes makes the point of furcation of M opposite to that of Cu-fork, sometimes distinctly before it. Small specimens (Fig. 1F) tend to have longer M-petiole accompanied by vein R 1 being proportionally shorter, costa produced proportionally longer beyond R 4+5, and vein M 2 proportionally more shortened. This variation does not appear to be associated with sexes or locality.</p> <p>Biology. — Unknown</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE0787804C05FF96C28AF979FB90FF61	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	ík, Jan ev;Kjaerandsen, Jostein	ík, Jan ev, Kjaerandsen, Jostein (2012): Brachyradia, A New Genus Of The Tribe Exechiini (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) From The Oriental And Australasian Regions. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 60 (1): 117-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5347102
