taxonID	type	description	language	source
5122010EB0815979B7195804C8F1F92A.taxon	description	Morphological description (measurements in mm; provided in Table 1). Morphological characters of the specimen from China agreed well with the original description of Bain et al. (2006). Adult male with SVL 38.9 mm; head length (HL 15.4 mm, 39.6 % of SVL) longer than width (HW 13.9 mm, 35.7 % of SVL); snout obtusely pointed in dorsal view, projecting beyond lower jaw, round in profile, its length longer than horizontal diameter of eye (ED / SL 67.7 %); canthus rostralis rounded, loreal region slightly concave, oblique; interorbital space slightly larger than width of upper eyelid (UEW / IOS 92.7 %) and internarial distance (INS / IOS 112.2 %); tympanum distinct (TD 2.7 mm), rounded, more than half eye diameter (ED 4.4 mm); vomerine teeth developed; tongue cordiform, deeply notched posteriorly; pupil horizontal (Fig. 6 A); external subgular vocal sacs present, vocal sac opening on floor of mouth at each corner. Forelimbs slender; length of lower arm and hand (LAHL 19.6 mm, 50.4 % of SVL), about half SVL; relative finger lengths: I <II <IV <III; tips of all fingers expanded into discs with circummarginal grooves; webbing between fingers absent; subarticular tubercles distinct, formula 1, 1, 2, 2; two metacarpal tubercles; velvety nuptial pad on first finger (Fig. 6 C). Hindlimbs long, tibia (TIB 23.5 mm) more than half SVL, longer thigh length (22.2 mm) and foot length (FTL 20.3 mm); tibiotarsal articulation beyond the snout when the leg is stretched forward; relative length of toes: I <II <III <V <IV; heels overlapping when thighs are positioned at right angles to the body; tips of all toes expanded into discs with circummarginal grooves; fully webbing between toes; subarticular tubercles prominent and rounded, formula 1, 1, 2, 3, 2; inner metatarsal tubercle distinct and oval, outer metatarsal tubercle absent (Fig. 6 D). Dorsal skin and ventral surfaces of head, body, limbs, and flanks relatively smooth, with exception of small tubercles posterior surface of thigh; supratympanic fold absent; dorsolateral fold distinct, from posterior corner of upper eyelid to near vent; two rictal glands present; humeral gland absent (Fig. 6).	en	Wu, Yun-He, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Lu, Chen-Qi, Zhang, Yin-Peng, Dong, Wen-Jie, Liu, Xiao-Long, Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Xiong, Yun, Jiang, Yun-Fang, Ouyang, Hong, Fu, Zhong-Xiong, He, Yun-Biao, Yuan, Zhi-Yong, Che, Jing (2024): A new species of the genus Amolops (Amphibia: Ranidae) and the first national record of Amolops vitreus from China. Vertebrate Zoology 74: 343-357, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013
5122010EB0815979B7195804C8F1F92A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This study further extends the geographical range of A. vitreus to approximately 82.6 km from the nearest known locality of the species. Amolops vitreus is currently known in Phou Dendin National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Phongsaly Province, Laos; Muong Nhe Nature Reserve, Dien Bien Province, northwestern Vietnam; and Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve, Mengla, Yunnan province, China.	en	Wu, Yun-He, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Lu, Chen-Qi, Zhang, Yin-Peng, Dong, Wen-Jie, Liu, Xiao-Long, Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Xiong, Yun, Jiang, Yun-Fang, Ouyang, Hong, Fu, Zhong-Xiong, He, Yun-Biao, Yuan, Zhi-Yong, Che, Jing (2024): A new species of the genus Amolops (Amphibia: Ranidae) and the first national record of Amolops vitreus from China. Vertebrate Zoology 74: 343-357, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013
0C02F36B5F6E52C6A80A97144CF19DA1.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet " yangi " is a patronymic noun in the genitive singular; derived from the name of Prof. Da-Tong Yang of the Kunming Institute of Zoology, CAS, China. We acknowledge his great contributions to the herpetological research in southwestern China. We suggest the Chinese formal name as " 杨氏湍蛙 ".	en	Wu, Yun-He, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Lu, Chen-Qi, Zhang, Yin-Peng, Dong, Wen-Jie, Liu, Xiao-Long, Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Xiong, Yun, Jiang, Yun-Fang, Ouyang, Hong, Fu, Zhong-Xiong, He, Yun-Biao, Yuan, Zhi-Yong, Che, Jing (2024): A new species of the genus Amolops (Amphibia: Ranidae) and the first national record of Amolops vitreus from China. Vertebrate Zoology 74: 343-357, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013
0C02F36B5F6E52C6A80A97144CF19DA1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Amolops yangi sp. nov. is assigned to the genus Amolops based on molecular phylogenetic analyses and can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: (1) medium body size (SVL 46.3 - 51.8 mm in males and at least 51.5 mm in female); (2) vomerine teeth developed, on two short oblique between choanae, equal in distance from each other as to choanae; (3) supernumerary tubercles present at the base of each finger; (4) tympanum indistinct; (5) three metacarpal tubercles, inner metacarpal tubercle long, outer metacarpal tubercle relatively small, oval, median one rounded; (6) supratympanic fold indistinct; (7) discontinuous glandular dorsolateral fold from rear of eye to near vent; (8) circummarginal grooves present on tips of outer three fingers, absent on first finger; (9) iris distinctly bicolored, golden-yellow in upper one-fourth and reddish brown in lower three-fourths, black reticulations throughout; (10) rictal gland absent; (11) dorsal surface of the head, back, limbs, fingers, and toes green, interspersed with irregular black spots; (12) dorsal parts of limbs, fingers and toes with black crossbars; (13) vocal sac absent in males; (14) male with orange nuptial pad at the base of first finger.	en	Wu, Yun-He, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Lu, Chen-Qi, Zhang, Yin-Peng, Dong, Wen-Jie, Liu, Xiao-Long, Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Xiong, Yun, Jiang, Yun-Fang, Ouyang, Hong, Fu, Zhong-Xiong, He, Yun-Biao, Yuan, Zhi-Yong, Che, Jing (2024): A new species of the genus Amolops (Amphibia: Ranidae) and the first national record of Amolops vitreus from China. Vertebrate Zoology 74: 343-357, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013
0C02F36B5F6E52C6A80A97144CF19DA1.taxon	description	Description of holotype (all measurements in mm; see Table 1). KIZ 038643, sexually mature female, body size moderate, adult female (SVL 51.5 mm); head length larger than wide (HL / SVL 34.2 %, HW / SVL 32.6 %); top of head flat; snout short (SL / HL 46.0 %), snout rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 4 A), obtusely rounded in profile, projecting beyond margin of lower jaw; loreal region and concave and oblique; canthus rostralis distinct, slightly constricted behind nostrils; dorsal region of snout flattened; eyes relatively large (ED / HL 29.0 %), slightly protuberant in dorsal view and notably protruding in profile (Fig. 4 A), eye diameter shorter than snout length (ED / SL 63.0 %); nostrils oval, laterally orientated, slightly protuberant, closer to anterior corner of eye than to tip of snout; pupil oval, horizontal; tympanum indistinct, circular in shape, relatively small (TD / HL 10.2 %), tympanum diameter about one third of eye diameter (TD / ED 35.3 %); internarial distance (INS / SVL 13.4 %) larger than width of upper eyelid (INS / UEW 168.3 %) and interorbital distance (INS / IOS 160.5 %); tongue cordiform, deeply notched posteriorly; vomerine teeth developed, on two short oblique between choanae, equal in distance from each other as to choanae; choanae oval; maxillary teeth developed; a small tooth-like projection on anteromedial edge of mandible. Forelimbs moderately long and robust, forelimb and hand length (29.1 mm) longer than half body size (LAHL / SVL 56.5 %); relative length of fingers: I <II <IV <III; circummarginal grooves present on tips of outer three fingers, absent on first finger; subarticular tubercles prominent and oval, formula 1, 1, 2, 2; supernumerary tubercles present at the base of each finger; webbing between fingers absent; narrow lateral fringes of fingers III and IV; three metacarpal tubercles, inner metacarpal tubercle long, outer metacarpal tubercle relatively small, oval, median one rounded (Fig. 4 D). Hindlimbs long and robust, femoral length shorter than the tibia length (FEM / TIB 93.0 %) and the foot length (FEM / FTL 90.4 %); tibiotarsal articulation of adpressed limb reaching between nostrils and eyes when hindlimb stretched alongside of body; the heels overlapping when the tibias are perpendicular to the body axis; relative toes lengths: I <II <III <V <IV; narrow lateral fringes of preaxial side of toe I and postaxial side of toe V; tips of all toes expanded into discs with circummarginal grooves; toes fully webbed except for fourth toe, in which web reaches beyond distal subarticular tubercle; subarticular tubercles oval and distinct, formula 1, 1, 2, 3, 2; supernumerary tubercles absent; inner metatarsal tubercle long, outer metatarsal tubercle absent (Fig. 4 E). Dorsal surface of head, body, limbs, fingers, toes and flank of body relatively smooth; loreal region densely scattered with raised tubercles; temporal region and posterior angle of the jaw with dense tubercles; skin ventrally smooth, including throat, chest, abdomen, and ventral surface of limbs; discontinuous glandular dorsolateral fold from rear of eye to near vent; supratympanic fold indistinct; rictal gland absent (Fig. 4 A-E).	en	Wu, Yun-He, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Lu, Chen-Qi, Zhang, Yin-Peng, Dong, Wen-Jie, Liu, Xiao-Long, Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Xiong, Yun, Jiang, Yun-Fang, Ouyang, Hong, Fu, Zhong-Xiong, He, Yun-Biao, Yuan, Zhi-Yong, Che, Jing (2024): A new species of the genus Amolops (Amphibia: Ranidae) and the first national record of Amolops vitreus from China. Vertebrate Zoology 74: 343-357, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013
0C02F36B5F6E52C6A80A97144CF19DA1.taxon	description	Male secondary sexual characteristics. Adult males possess orange nuptial pads covering the base of first finger; absence of vocal sacs in males.	en	Wu, Yun-He, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Lu, Chen-Qi, Zhang, Yin-Peng, Dong, Wen-Jie, Liu, Xiao-Long, Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Xiong, Yun, Jiang, Yun-Fang, Ouyang, Hong, Fu, Zhong-Xiong, He, Yun-Biao, Yuan, Zhi-Yong, Che, Jing (2024): A new species of the genus Amolops (Amphibia: Ranidae) and the first national record of Amolops vitreus from China. Vertebrate Zoology 74: 343-357, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013
0C02F36B5F6E52C6A80A97144CF19DA1.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology. Amolops yangi sp. nov. is currently known from two localities in the Gaoligong Mountains. These are Fugong and Lushui County, both in Yunnan Province, China. These two localities are separated by a straight-line distance of approximately 80 km. The new species inhabits the banks of rocky, fast-flowing streams or perches on shrubs (ca. 0.5 m above the ground) along the swift flowing streams (Fig. 4 F). The new species primarily inhabits high altitude mountainous areas with elevations ranging from 2500 to 3500 m. The breeding season is currently uncertain. Other sympatric amphibian species found in the same habitat included Nanorana chayuensis, A. viridimaculatus, Scutiger gongshanensis, and Xenophrys glandulosa.	en	Wu, Yun-He, Yu, Zhong-Bin, Lu, Chen-Qi, Zhang, Yin-Peng, Dong, Wen-Jie, Liu, Xiao-Long, Kilunda, Felista Kasyoka, Xiong, Yun, Jiang, Yun-Fang, Ouyang, Hong, Fu, Zhong-Xiong, He, Yun-Biao, Yuan, Zhi-Yong, Che, Jing (2024): A new species of the genus Amolops (Amphibia: Ranidae) and the first national record of Amolops vitreus from China. Vertebrate Zoology 74: 343-357, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e108013
