identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
AB4887B0FFCAFFA3FF45FE7DFDD0FA9F.text	AB4887B0FFCAFFA3FF45FE7DFDD0FA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino 1891	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891</p>
            <p>NEOTYPE. — MACN-A 5757; partial mandible preserving a complete and worn dentition lacking crowns of the left canine and the incisors. This is a replacement (see Tejedor &amp; Rosenberger 2008) for the lost holotype specimen, MACN-A 634.</p>
            <p>GEOGRAPHIC AND STRATIGRAPHIC PROVENANCE. — The neotype MACN-A 5757 comes from Corriguen Aike (= Puesto Estancia La Costa), on the Atlantic coast of Santa Cruz Province between the rivers Coyle and Gallegos, Argentina. Santa Cruz Formation, late-early Miocene (Burdigalian Age), c. 17.5 to 16.7 Ma (Tauber 1997; Fleagle et al. 2012).</p>
            <p>NEW REFERRED MATERIAL. — MNHN.F.SCZ215 (Fig. 2A-C), partial mandible preserving the left ramus with alveoli for left i1-2, c, p2, broken alveoli of p3-4, and complete m1; alveoli for right i1-2, and broken c.</p>
            <p> GEOGRAPHIC AND STRATIGRAPHIC PROVENANCE. —MNHN.F.SCZ215 is labeled as “  Homunculus // Coyle 1902-6” (Fig. 2E). Thus, the provenance is certainly nearby the Coyle river on the Atlantic coast of Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. Santa Cruz Formation, late-early Miocene (Burdigalian Age) (see Marshall 1976; Tauber 1997; Buffetaut 2014), approximately 16.1-16.5 Ma (Fleagle et al. 2012) (Fig. 1). </p>
            <p>DESCRIPTION</p>
            <p> Based on comparisons, the mandible MNHN.F.SCZ215 is indistinguishable from the cast of the lost MACN-A 634, the type of  Homunculus patagonicus . MACN-A 634 is strongly worn but shows several morphological similarities at the alveolar level as well as the crown outline and size of m1. The size and orientation of the alveoli indicate that the specimen had small roots and procumbent, staggered incisors, producing a V-shaped mandible. The small alveolus for the left canine, similar in size to the alveolus of p2, indicates that the canine was small, as seen in the neotype of  Homunculus patagonicus (MACN-A 5757) (Tejedor &amp; Rosenberger 2008). </p>
            <p> Compared to MACN-A 635, this specimen has slightly larger alveoli for the canines and a somewhat more robust mandible. Remarkably, the m1 of this new specimen is one of the best preserved lower molars attributed to  Homunculus . Its morphology resembles MACN-A 5969b. It has two roots and the trigonid is higher than the talonid, with moderately high and sharp crests. The preprotocristid extends forward closing the trigonid mesially; the paraconid is absent, and there is an oblique cristid connecting the preparacristid. The metaconid is the highest cusp, and is situated relative to the protoconid in a more distal position. The hypoflexid appears relatively deep. It shows a tiny cuspule as seen in the m1 of MACN-A 5969b. The molar has a long cristid obliqua reaching the trigonid wall lingual to the protoconid, while the hypoconid is displaced labially. The entoconid is lower than the hypoconid, with a long entocristid. The talonid basin is relatively wide and deep, showing an incipient and centrally placed hypoconulid (Fig. 2). </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB4887B0FFCAFFA3FF45FE7DFDD0FA9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Novo, Nelson M.;Tejedor, Marcelo F.;González Ruiz, Laureano R.	Novo, Nelson M., Tejedor, Marcelo F., González Ruiz, Laureano R. (2018): Previously unknown fossil platyrrhines (Primates) of Patagonia from the Tournouër collection at the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Geodiversitas 40 (22): 529-535, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2018v40a22
AB4887B0FFCBFFA0FE9AFA39FDACF85D.text	AB4887B0FFCBFFA0FE9AFA39FDACF85D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mazzonicebus almendrae Kay 2010	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Mazzonicebus almendrae Kay, 2010</p>
            <p> HOLOTYPE. — MPEF-PV 6752, partial mandible preserving the symphysis and left 11-M1.</p>
            <p>GEOGRAPHIC AND STRATIGRAPHIC PROVENANCE. — Colhue-Huapi, West locality, Gran Barranca, Chubut Province, Argentina. The material was collected in the Lower Fossil Zone, Colhue-Huapi Member, Sarmiento Formation, dated between 20.0 and 20.2 Ma (Ré et al. 2010).</p>
            <p>NEW REFERRED MATERIAL. — MNHN.F.COL93a, left dP4; MNHN.F.COL93b, left M2.</p>
            <p>GEOGRAPHIC AND STRATIGRAPHIC PROVENANCE. — The specimen label reads (Fig. 3G): “ Primate, col 93 // Colhué Huapi B // M.A. Tournouër, 1899-7 ”. Both specimens were found in the box with the same label. Thus, the provenance is certainly Gran Barranca in Chubut Province, Argentina. The Colhue-Huapi Member of the Sarmiento Formation is, early Miocene (Burdigalian Age) (see Simpson 1964; Madden &amp; Scarano 2010 and references therein), approximately 20.0-20.2 Ma (Ré et al. 2010).</p>
            <p>DESCRIPTION</p>
            <p> MNHN.F.COL93a (Fig. 3F), is a three rooted dP4 with unworn paracone, metacone placed more labially, and a welldeveloped protocone, as well as a hypocone placed on the distolingual cingulum. It has a morphological pattern similar to that known for the upper molars of  Mazzonicebus almendrae . This tooth is smaller than M1-2 although larger than M3. It is similar in size and general aspect to the M2 of  Soriacebus ameghinorum Fleagle, Powers, Conroy &amp; Watters, 1987 , as in MACN-PV SC67, differing in that MNHN.F.COL93a has a more lingually expanded lingual cingulum which produces a triangular crown outline. One important difference is that the talon basin is distally expanded in MACN-PV SC67. </p>
            <p> The upper deciduous dentition is not known for either  Mazzonicebus or  Soriacebus Fleagle, Powers, Conroy &amp;Watters, 1987 and, in general, the deciduous dentition is scarcely known for any fossil primates from Patagonia. A dP4 assigned to  Dolichocebus gaimanensis Kraglievich,1951 (MACN-PV CH 1011), provides a general morphological model of a deciduous tooth for the Patago - nian platyrrhines. Both these teeth have similar sub-triangular outlines due to the narrow lingual expansion of the lingual cingulum. This combination of features is usually seen in the dP4s of  Carlocebus carmenensis Fleagle,1990 (e.g.MACN-PV SC113), and in the dP4 present in the juvenile cranium of  Homunculus patagonicus, MPM-PV 3505 (Perry et al. 2014). MACN-PV CH 1011 shows the strong hypometacrista connected to the postprotocrista, unlike that weakly developed,without connection to the postprotocrista,exhibited by MNHN.F.COL93a.In addition, they differ in that the prehypocrista in MNHN.F.COL93a is oriented more lingually with respect to the distolingual orientation observed in MACN-PV CH 1011. </p>
            <p> Regarding the remaining tooth reported here, the comparisons between MNHN.F.COL93b and the upper molars assigned to  Mazzonicebus almendrae indicate that the size (Table 1) and morphology of the M2 match well with the M2s MPEF-PV 5699, MPM-PV 5342, and MPEF-PV 5347b; however, the lingual cingulum is less expanded anterolingually, and the molar has a very small hypocone. Its occlusal outline is more rounded instead of the nearly trapezoidal shape in  Mazzonicebus . An unusual condition is seen in the hypocone development in MNHN.F.COL93b, which is divided in two tiny cusps separated by a sulcus. The metacone is aligned somewhat more lingually with respect to the paracone, and the postparacrista descends to join the premetacrista in a middle position. The protocone is well developed and has a preprotocrista reaching a shallow mesial fovea. The molar has a distinct hypoparacrista descending from the paracone, and a hypometacrista that reaches the postprotocrista at the intersection of the prehypocrista. </p>
            <p> Other morphological characters of the M1 are shared with  Mazzonicebus . For example, the cusps are moderately developed, with similar outline and depth of the trigon, a strong preprotocristid without a paraconule, talon distally expanded, and a mesial fovea is present. </p>
            <p> On the other hand, MNHN.F.COL93b (Fig. 3E) was also compared with  Soriacebus ameghinorum , especially the M1 of MACN-PV SC67, a maxillary fragment with well preserved M1-2. It is similar in size, has a strong preprotocrista, with the postprotocrista distally oriented to reach the hypocone, and a mesial fovea is present. MNHN.F.COL93b has a more rounded outline, but is also buccolingually shorter, and the talon is not so expanded distally as in MACN-PV SC67.The lingual cingulum is definitely more developed in MACN-PV SC67, with a strong anterolingual extension, and the hypocone is also more developed. These are the two most distinctive characters separating MNHN.F.COL93b and  Soriacebus . In addition, MACN-PV SC67 has a more expanded labial side in M1-2. </p>
            <p> Although  Mazzonicebus and  Soriacebus are closely related (see Tejedor &amp; Novo 2017), these comparisons reinforce the idea that MNHN.F.COL93b is an M2 of  Mazzonicebus and not an M1 of  Soriacebus (see size differences in Table 1). </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB4887B0FFCBFFA0FE9AFA39FDACF85D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Novo, Nelson M.;Tejedor, Marcelo F.;González Ruiz, Laureano R.	Novo, Nelson M., Tejedor, Marcelo F., González Ruiz, Laureano R. (2018): Previously unknown fossil platyrrhines (Primates) of Patagonia from the Tournouër collection at the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Geodiversitas 40 (22): 529-535, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2018v40a22
