identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
9951F8067616A541CA9AFDECFA1AFC07.text	9951F8067616A541CA9AFDECFA1AFC07.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplopeza Bezzi	<div><p>Key for identification of Andean species of Hoplopeza Bezzi</p><p>1 Occiput bare, shiny black (Fig. 2D, E); fore tibia with several long, slender and wavy yellow setae on ventral surface (Fig. 2A)................................................................................................ 2</p><p>- Occiput with pruinosity, dull black (Fig. 3C–E); fore tibia without several long, slender and wavy yellow setae on ventral surface (Fig. 3A)...................................................................................... 3</p><p>2 Hind tarsomere 1 without short and strong spine-like setae on dorsal surface (Fig. 2F); left epandrial lamella without row of long spine-like setae on dorsal surface (Fig. 5A, B); left cercus without apical spine (Fig. 5A, B).................................................................................................. Hoplopeza colombiana sp. nov.</p><p>- Hind tarsomere 1 with row of short and strong spine-like setae on dorsal margin (Fig. 4B); left epandrial lamella with row of long spine-like setae on dorsal surface (Rafael 1995, fig. 7); left cercus with long apical spine (Rafael 1995, fig. 7)........................................................................................ Hoplopeza chloropa Bezzi</p><p>3 Antenna light brown; pleura tawny-brown; postpronotal lobe yellow (Fig. 4A); fore femur without long and strong dorsal setae near apex; short and slender apical spur at apex of hind tibia.............................. Hoplopeza annulata Collin</p><p>- Antenna black; pleura dark brown (Fig. 3A, B); postpronotal lobe black, except posterior margin paler; fore femur with one long and strong dorsal seta near apex; long and strong apical spur at apex of hind tibia (Fig. 3F)... Hoplopeza rafaeli sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9951F8067616A541CA9AFDECFA1AFC07	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Henao-Sepúlveda, Carolina;Barros, Luana Machado;Ale-Rocha, Rosaly;Wolff, Marta	Henao-Sepúlveda, Carolina, Barros, Luana Machado, Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, Wolff, Marta (2023): Two new species of the genus Hoplopeza Bezzi (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae) from the high Andean forests of Colombia. Zootaxa 5297 (1): 87-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
9951F8067616A541CA9AFB82FAD6FA23.text	9951F8067616A541CA9AFB82FAD6FA23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplopeza Bezzi	<div><p>Genus Hoplopeza Bezzi</p><p>Type species: Hoplopeza chloropa Bezzi, 1909 (by monotypy).</p><p>Hoplopeza Bezzi, 1909: 385 (original description); Melander 1928: 70 (diagnosis); Collin 1933: 8 (key to Ocydromiinae), 47 (citation); Smith 1967: 16 (catalogue); Rafael 1995: 751 (redescription of Hoplopeza chloropa); Sinclair &amp; Cumming 2000: 182 (key to Southern Hemisphere Ocydromiini); Ale-Rocha 2007: 410 (key to Neotropical genera of Ocydromiinae).</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna inserted above the middle of the head, postpedicel lanceolate; eyes meeting on frons. Two veins arising from cell dm; anal lobe not developed; Rs short, arising near apex of cell br; CuA vein evanescent, not reaching CuP vein. Hind tibia with spur-like anteroapical setae. Epandrium with row of spine-like setae on inner right margin.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Andean (Colombia, Chile, and Peru) and Australasian Regions (Australia).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9951F8067616A541CA9AFB82FAD6FA23	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Henao-Sepúlveda, Carolina;Barros, Luana Machado;Ale-Rocha, Rosaly;Wolff, Marta	Henao-Sepúlveda, Carolina, Barros, Luana Machado, Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, Wolff, Marta (2023): Two new species of the genus Hoplopeza Bezzi (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae) from the high Andean forests of Colombia. Zootaxa 5297 (1): 87-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
9951F8067616A544CA9AF9E0FC63F868.text	9951F8067616A544CA9AF9E0FC63F868.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplopeza colombiana Henao-Sepúlveda & Barros & Ale-Rocha & Wolff 2023	<div><p>Hoplopeza colombiana sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 2A–G, 5A–G, 7A–B, 8)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna dark brown (Fig. 2C); occiput without pruinosity, shiny black (Fig. 2D, E). Scutum shiny black, except posterior margin of postpronotal and postalar callus covered with dense yellow pruinosity (Fig. 2E); fore leg yellow, except tarsomeres 3–5 brown (Fig. 2A); fore tibia with several long, slender yellow hairs at mid apical half on ventral face (Fig. 2A); mid femur with 1 anterior apical black seta; hind femur slightly swollen with one preapical wide black ring and 3 strong black anterodorsally spaced setae (Fig. 2 F). Left epandrial lamella without spines along inner margin (Fig. 5A, B); hypoproct with irregular apex (Fig. 5G).</p><p>basal medial cell; br = basal radial cell; CuA = anterior branch of cubital vein; cua = anterior cubital cell; CuA+CuP = anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein; CuA = anterior cubital vein; dm = discal medial cell; M 1 = first branch of media; M 4 = fourth branch of media; R 1 = anterior branch of radius; R 2+3 = second branch of radius; R 4+5 = third branch of radius; Rs = radial sector.</p><p>Description. Holotype male. Body length: 4.5 mm (Fig. 2A). Wing length: 4.0 mm (Fig. 2G). Head. Frons shiny black, very narrow at lower margin, narrower than anterior ocellus, slightly widening towards anterior ocellus (Fig. 2D). Face bare, 1.5 times length of frons. Antenna (Fig. 2C), dark brown, postpedicel lanceolate, covered with dense brownish microtrichia; 1 pair of short proclinate ocellar setae. Proboscis short, yellow; palpus very small, covered with dense, dark yellow pruinosity with 1 long, slender seta near apex. Occiput smooth, shiny black; postocular setae dark, long and stout, and row of occipital yellow setae, longer than postocular setae. Thorax (Fig. 2E). Antepronotum black, covered with dense gray pruinosity. Scutum black, shiny, except posterior margin of postpronotal lobe brown, with anterior dark yellow spot; postalar callus dark yellow. Pleura brown, except yellow spot on upper margin of katepimeron, anterior margin of laterotergite, posterior margin of metanepisternum and metepimeron yellowish. Pleura with dense yellow pruinosity, except bare middle region of katepimeron. Scutellum black, except lateral and apical margins brown, with yellow pruinosity; 1 thin, short pair of lateral setae and 1 long, strong, dark yellow apical pair of scutellar bristles. Mediotergite black, with yellow pruinosity. Acrostichals uniserial; dorsocentrals biserial, short, slender and sparse on scutum; notopleuron with grey pruinosity, 2 bristles long, strong, upper longer and stronger, about half-length of scutum, lower seta yellow, shorter, about 1/3 length of upper bristle; several slender and short postpronotal setae; 1 anterior stronger, longer (about 1/3 length of scutum) bristle and 1 posterior short, slender postalar seta. Wing (Fig. 2G). Membrane light brown; pterostigma brown, elongate and narrow; R 1 long, ending at apical 1/2 of wing; vein bm-m slightly sinuous; vein CuA evanescent, not reaching CuP vein, arising near two-third length of bm cell; CuA+CuP long, ending just short of wing margin; veins M 1 and M 4 reaching wing margin. Halter yellow. Legs. Yellow (hind leg greenish yellow), except hind tibia with base and apex dark brown; hind femur slightly swollen, with dark brown preapical wide ring (Fig. 2F); tarsomere 1 of fore and mid legs brown at apex; fore, mid and hind tarsomeres 3–5 brown. Chaetotaxy: fore femur with row of slender yellow setae along anterodorsal surface and 1 long, yellow, slender anteroventral basal seta. Mid femur with 1 long anteroapical black seta. Hind femur with 3 long, strong setae on anterodorsal surface: 1 at basal 1/3, 1 near middle and 1 preapical. Fore tibia with several slender yellow ventral setae at mid apical half. Mid tibia with 1 short dorsal and 2 strong anterodorsal setae on apical half; 2 long, slender light brown setae: 1 anteroventral and 1 posteroventral. Hind tibia with 2 black apical spurs: 1 shorter anterodorsal and 1 long anteroventral. Abdomen (Fig. 2A). Shiny. Syntergites 1+2 brown, with greenish yellow spot on lateral margins; tergites 2–7 brown, with anterior margins yellow, weakly sclerotized; tergites 7 and 8 completely brown. All segments with short, long, slender yellow setae. Male terminalia (Fig. 5A–G). Right surstylus basally broad, with several long and strong setae on ventral margin, dorsal margin serrated, apex elongated, digitiform with rounded apex (Fig. 5A, B, E). Left surstylus shorter than right, almost subrectangular, with slightly elongated and rounded apex (Fig. 5A, B, D). Asymmetrical cerci, strongly sclerotized, digitiform, covered with brown, slender, long setae; left cercus slightly longer than right (Fig. 5A, B). Right epandrial lamella broader than left, rounded sides, with strong, dark rounded-tipped spines along inner margin in dorsal view (Fig. 5A, E). Left epandrial lamella as long as wide with strong setae along inner margin on dorsal view (Fig. 5A, D). Phallus elongate, phallic shaft gradually arched, cylindrical, without protuberances, distal articulation filiform, not bifid (Fig. 5F). Hypandrium subtriangular with several long, slender ventral setae at apex (Fig. 5C, F). Dorsal connection between lamellae narrow and short (Fig. 5A, B). Bacilliform sclerites divided, right basally fused with hypoproct, shorter and bare; left longer with apical half with scattered setae (Fig. 5G). Subepandrial sclerite with basal margin rounded, slightly widening toward at apex. Hypoproct sclerotized, subcylindrical with irregular apex (Fig. 5G).</p><p>Female. Similar to male, except as noted: Body length: 5.0– 5.5 mm (Fig. 2B). Wing length: 4.5–5.0 mm.</p><p>Abdomen. Tergites 2–4 brown with lateral yellow patches, segment 8 proximal half yellow. Terminalia (Fig. 7A, B). Tergite 8 and sternite 8 fused. Tergite 8 broad with posterolateral subtriangular extension. Sternite 8 subrectangular divided posteriorly into pair of extended sclerites with acute posterior apex. Tergite 10 undivided, separate from cercus. Membrane between sternite 8 and 10 hyaline with small spines arranged in longitudinal row. Sternite 10 undivided, slightly sclerotized, apex subtriangular. Cercus short, digitiform, length nearly twice width, bearing long, fine setae.</p><p>Distribution. This species is known from Colombia (Antioquia) (Fig. 8).</p><p>Type Material. HOLOTYPE m#: COLOMBIA: Antioquia department, Belmira Páramo de Santa Inés, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.65865&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.634233" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.65865/lat 6.634233)">El Morro</a> location, 3005–3080 m, 6.634233; -75.658654, Forest. Malaise trap floor, 25-mar–5-abr-2017, Proy. Moscas de las flores, A.L. Montoya, C. Rodriguez &amp; J.P. Carmona (CEUA 32646, dry pinned; genitalia preserved in glycerine in microvial) . PARATYPES: COLOMBIA: Antioquia department, Belmira Páramo de Santa Inés, Río Arriba rural settlement, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.8654&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.634233" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.8654/lat 6.634233)">Laguna de Sabanas</a> location, 2950–3050 m, 6.634233, -75.8654, Forest, Malaise trap floor, proy. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.8654&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.634233" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.8654/lat 6.634233)">Moscas</a> de las Flores, 2–12.xii.2017, J. Torres-Toro &amp; J.P. Carmona (1 m# CEUA 103671, 1 f# CEUA 102980, both body in 96% ethanol) ; same data except, Emergence trap (3 f#, CEUA 103672, body in 96% ethanol); same data except, pan trap, 16–27.ix.2017, A.L. Montoya &amp; J.P. Carmona (2 m# CEUA 103106, wing mounted in Euparal on microscope slide; 1 f# CEUA 103107 body in 96% ethanol); same data except, sweep net (2 m# CEUA103104); same data except, 25.iii.–5.iv.2017, A.L. Montoya, C. Rodriguez &amp; J.P. Carmona (1 m# CEUA 102474, 1 f# CEUA 102475, both with body in 96% ethanol); same data except, 25.iii.–5.iv.2017, Malaise trap floor (1 f#, CEUA 102828, body in 96% ethanol), Malaise trap canopy (2 f#, CEUA 102825, body in 96% ethanol), Malaise trap canopy (2 f# CEUA 102827, both body in 96% ethanol); Antioquia department, Belmira Páramo de Santa Inés, La Candelaria rural settlement, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.67044&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.645901" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.67044/lat 6.645901)">El Morro</a> location, 3185–3200 m, 6.645901, -75.670441, Páramo, Malaise trap canopy, 21–30.vi.2017, C. Rodríguez &amp; A.L. Montoya (1 f# CEUA 102956, body in 96% ethanol) ; same data except, Grassland, 21–30.vi.2017, C. Rodriguez &amp; A.L. Montoya (1 f# CEUA 102824, body in 96% ethanol) ; same data except, 25.iii.–5.iv.2017, A.L. Montoya, C. Rodriguez &amp; J.P. Carmona (1 f# CEUA 102823, body in 96% ethanol); Antioquia department, San José de La Montaña municipality, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.723145&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.762229" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.723145/lat 6.762229)">Páramo El</a> Congo rural settlement, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.723145&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.762229" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.723145/lat 6.762229)">El</a> Congo, 3165– 3190 m, 6.762229, -75.723144, Páramo, emergence trap, 20–30.vi.2017, A.L. Montoya &amp; A. Sepúlveda (1 f# CEUA 102982, body in 96% ethanol) same data except, 25.iii–5.iv.2017 (1 f# CEUA 102822), 16–27.ix.2017, C. Henao-Sepúlveda (1 m# CEUA 103096); Antioquia department, Envigado municipality, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.553856&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.139736" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.553856/lat 6.139736)">Parcelación Nubarrones</a> location, 2000 m, 6.139736, -75.5538545, forest, Malaise trap floor, 11.ix.2016 – 7.viii.2018, M. Wolff &amp; C. Henao-Sepúlveda (1 f# CEUA 32633, 1 f# 32634, 1 f# 32635, 1 f# 32636, 1 f# 32637, 1 f# 32638, 1 f# 32639, 1 f# 32640, 1 f# 32641, 1 f# 32642, 1 f# 32643, all with body in 96% ethanol) , same data except, Malaise trap canopy, 25.iii.–5.iv.2017 (1 f#, CEUA 102822, body in 96% ethanol); Antioquia, Yarumal municipality, El Respaldo rural settlement, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.42792&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.91046" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.42792/lat 6.91046)">La Maruja</a> farm location, 2200 – 2600 m, 6.91046, -76.42792, forest, Malaise trap floor, 15.xii.2016, C. Henao-Sepúlveda (2 f# CEUA 32644, body in 96% ethanol) ; same data except, 1–22.iv.2017, C. Henao-Sepúlveda &amp; D. Medina (1 f# CEUA 32645, body in 96% ethanol) .</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet colombiana (nominative, adjective feminine) of this species refers to the country of Colombia, where the type specimens were collected.</p><p>Remarks. Hoplopeza colombiana sp. nov. and H. chloropa Bezzi, 1909 share the shiny occiput, but the two species are easily separated by the absence of the row of long spiny setae on the hind basitarsomere in the new species, which is present in H. chloropa . Moreover, in terminalia structures H. colombiana can be differentiated from H. chloropa, by the absence of strong apical spine on the left cercus, which is present in H. chloropa (Rafael 1995, fig. 7).</p><p>Hoplopeza colombiana sp. nov. can be differentiated from H. rafaeli sp. nov. by the shiny occiput, which is pruinose in H. rafaeli . In male terminalia, the strong curved spines along the inner margin of the left epandrial lamella are absent in H. colombiana, whereas they are present in H. rafaeli .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9951F8067616A544CA9AF9E0FC63F868	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Henao-Sepúlveda, Carolina;Barros, Luana Machado;Ale-Rocha, Rosaly;Wolff, Marta	Henao-Sepúlveda, Carolina, Barros, Luana Machado, Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, Wolff, Marta (2023): Two new species of the genus Hoplopeza Bezzi (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae) from the high Andean forests of Colombia. Zootaxa 5297 (1): 87-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
9951F806761CA548CA9AFF58FC6FF80B.text	9951F806761CA548CA9AFF58FC6FF80B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplopeza rafaeli Henao-Sepúlveda & Barros & Ale-Rocha & Wolff 2023	<div><p>Hoplopeza rafaeli sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 3A–G, 6A–G, 7C–D, 8)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna black (Fig. 3C); occiput black, covered with dense yellow pruinosity (Fig. 3E). Scutum shiny black, except posterior margin of postpronotal lobe paler and anterior margin of postalar callus yellow (Fig. 3E). Mid basitarsomere with 1 strong posteroventral basal seta; hind tibia brown, paler on base (Fig. 3F). Tergites of abdomen brown, greenish anteriorly, syntergite 1+2 greenish on lateral margin (Fig. 3A, B). Left epandrial lamella with spines along the inner margin (Fig. 6A, B); hypoproct with rounded apex (Fig. 6G).</p><p>Description. Holotype male. Body length: 4.5 mm (Fig. 3 A). Wing length: 4.7 mm (Fig. 3G). Head. Frons shiny brown, narrower than anterior ocellus, slightly widening towards anterior ocellus (Fig. 3D). Face with short whitish setulae, 1.6 times length of frons. Antenna (Fig. 3C) black, postpedicel lanceolate, covered with dense brownish microtrichia; 2 pairs of ocellar setae proclinate, posterior pair very short and slender, anterior pair long and stronger. Proboscis short, brown; palpus very small, yellow, covered with dense yellow pruinosity; 1 long, slender seta. Occiput black, covered with dense yellow pruinosity, patch without pruinosity next to ocellar triangle; postocular setae long, strong and scattered, upper setae longer, stronger; row of long, brown occipital setae. Thorax (Fig. 3E). Antepronotum black, covered with dense yellow pruinosity, with row of short, slender setae on anterior margin. Scutum black, shiny, except posterior margin of postpronotal lobe paler; anterior margin of postalar callus yellow. Pleura brown, except yellow spot on upper margin of katepisternum; upper margin of katepimeron, anterior margin of laterotergite, posterior margin of metanepisternum and metepimeron yellowish. Pleura with dense yellow pruinosity, except bare middle region of katepimeron. Scutellum black, except lateral and apical margins brown, with yellow pruinosity; 1 thin, short pair of lateral setae and 1 long, strong, black apical pair of scutellar bristles. Mediotergite black, with yellow pruinosity. Acrostichals uniserial, dorsocentrals biserial, short, slender and sparse on scutum; notopleuron with yellow pruinosity, 2 bristles long, strong, upper longer and stronger, about half length of scutum, lower seta yellow, shorter, about 1/3 length of upper bristle; several slender and short postpronotal setae; 1 stronger, longer (about 1/3 length of scutum) anterior and 1 shorter, slender posterior postalar seta. Wing (Fig. 3G). Membrane brownish; pterostigma brown, elongate and narrow; R 1 long, ending at apical 1/2 of wing; cell dm aligned with cell br; vein bm-m strongly sinuous; vein CuA incomplete, not reaching vein CuP, arising near mid-length of cell bm; CuA+CuP long, reaching wing margin; veins M 1 and M 4 reaching wing margin. Halter yellow, knob slightly darker. Legs. Yellow, except brown apical spot on dorsal surface of mid femur; hind femur with wide subapical ring and apex brown; hind tibia (Fig. 3F) brown, paler basally; fore and mid tarsomere 1 brown at apex; fore and mid tarsomere 2 pale brown; fore and mid tarsomeres 3–5 brown; hind tarsomeres brown, except yellow greenish on base of tarsomere 1. Hind femur slightly swollen. Chaetotaxy: fore femur with row of thin setae along anterodorsal surface, decreasing in size toward apex, one long and strong dorsal seta near apex. Mid femur with 2 long, strong anterodorsal setae: 1 at mid-length and 1 subapical. Hind femur with 3 long, strong anterior setae: 1 subbasal, 1 at mid-length and 1 subapical. Mid tibia with 2 long, strong anterodorsal setae: 1 subbasal and 1 at mid-length; 1 long, strong posterodorsal subbasal seta, 2 long, strong anteroventral and 2 posteroventral apical setae. Hind tibia (Fig. 3F) with 2 long, strong anterodorsal setae: 1 basal and 1 at mid-length; 1 long, stronger lateral apical spur: 2 short, strong apical setae. Mid basitarsomere with 1 strong posteroventral basal seta. Abdomen (Fig. 3A). Shiny. Syntergites 1+2 brown, except yellow greenish spot on lateral margin; tergites 3–6 brown, except anterior margin greenish yellow, weakly sclerotized; tergites 7 and 8 brown.All segments with short, long slender setae. Male terminalia (Fig. 6A–G). Right surstylus basally broad, apex with elongated projection, digitiform and truncated apex, with several long, strong setae on ventral margin; dorsal margin serrated (Fig. 6A, B, D). Left surstylus shorter than right, almost subrectangular, with apex slightly pointed; several short, slender setae near apex (Fig. 6A, B, D). Asymmetrical cerci, strongly sclerotized, digitiform, covered with brown, slender and long setae; left cercus slightly longer than right (Fig. 6A, B). Right epandrial lamella broader than left, rounded sides, with strong dark spines along inner margin in dorsal view (Fig. 6A, B, D). Left epandrial lamella as long as wide with strong dark curved spines along inner margin in dorsal view (Fig. 6A, B, E). Phallus elongate, shaft gradually arched, cylindrical, without protuberances; distal articulation filiform, not bifid (Fig. 6F). Hypandrium subtriangular in ventral view with several long and slender setae at apex (Fig. 6C, F). Dorsal connection between epandrial lamellae narrow and short (Fig. 6A, B). Bacilliform sclerites divided basally, thin, entire length covered with several short, slender setae (Fig. 6G). Subepandrial sclerite with basal margin truncate, slightly narrower toward apex. Hypoproct clavate, with rounded apex and bare, strongly sclerotized, tube-like (Fig. 6G).</p><p>Female. Similar to male, except as noted: Body length: 5.0– 5.5 mm (Fig. 3 B). Wing length: 4.5–5.0 mm. Mid and hind tarsomeres 3–5 light brown. Abdomen. Tergites 2–4 brown, yellow laterally, tergite 7 completely yellow. Terminalia (Fig. 7C, D). Tergite 8 and sternite 8 fused. Tergite 8 broad subrectangular with lateral posterior subtriangular extensions. Tergite 10 undivided, separate from cerci. Sternite 10 slightly sclerotized, apex broadly oval. Sternite 8 subrectangular, divided posteriorly into pair of extended sclerites with acute apex. Membrane between sternite 8 and 10 hyaline with small spines scattered randomly. Cercus short, rounded, length less than twice width, bearing long, fine setae.</p><p>Distribution. This species is known from Colombia (Antioquia) (Fig. 8).</p><p>Type Material. HOLOTYPE m#: COLOMBIA: Antioquia department, Belmira Páramo de Santa Inés, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.64526&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.632639" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.64526/lat 6.632639)">El Morro</a> location, 3100–3300 m, 6.632639; -75.645267 Páramo, Malaise trap canopy, 02–12-dec-2017, Proy. Moscas de las flores, C. Rodriguez &amp; A. Echeverry (1m# CEUA 102957, dry pinned, wing mounted in Euparal on microscope slide; genitalia preserved in glycerine in microvial) . PARATYPES: COLOMBIA: Antioquia, San José de La Montaña municipality, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.70174&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.763791" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.70174/lat 6.763791)">El Congo</a> rural settlement, 3100–3150 m, 6.763791; -75.701738, Páramo, sweep net, 20–30.vii.2017, Proy. Moscas de las flores, A. Sepúlveda &amp; A.L. Montoya (1 m# CEUA 103105, body in 96% ethanol; 1 m# CEUA 102960, dry pinned); same data except, 25.iii.–5.iv.2017, C. Henao-Sepúlveda &amp; M. Wolff (1 m# CEUA 103108, body in 96% ethanol); same data except, 16–27.ix.2017, C. Henao-Sepúlveda &amp; A. Sepúlveda (1f# CEUA 138330, dry pinned) . Caldas, Pensilvania, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.28673&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.345971" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.28673/lat 5.345971)">Valle</a> alto, 3378 m, 5.345971; -75.286728, forest, ground Malaise trap, 28–30.iv.2014, A. Cardona &amp; J. Alvarez (1f# CEUA 138331, body in 96% ethanol with genitalia preserved in glycerine in microvial) .</p><p>Etymology. Named in honor of José Albertino Rafael, researcher from Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Brazil, for his contribution to the knowledge of the family Hybotidae .</p><p>Remarks. Hoplopeza rafaeli sp. nov. differs from H. chloropa by the absence of several long, slender and waved yellow setae on the ventral face of the fore tibia. Hoplopeza rafaeli sp. nov. differs from H. annulata by the color of the pleura, which is all dark brown in H. rafaeli, whereas in H. annulata the side of the scutum and some areas of the pleura are tawny-brown according to Collin (1933) and are visible in photos of the type (Fig. 4A). Hoplopeza rafaeli sp. nov. differs from H. colombiana sp. nov. by the left surstylus with smooth apex, whereas the left surstylus of H. colombiana sp. nov. has a serrated apex. Also, H. rafaeli sp. nov. can be differentiated from the other Andean species by two obvious structures of the male terminalia, including the strong, curved spines along the inner margin of the left epandrial lamella, and the long and wide hypoproct.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9951F806761CA548CA9AFF58FC6FF80B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Henao-Sepúlveda, Carolina;Barros, Luana Machado;Ale-Rocha, Rosaly;Wolff, Marta	Henao-Sepúlveda, Carolina, Barros, Luana Machado, Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, Wolff, Marta (2023): Two new species of the genus Hoplopeza Bezzi (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae) from the high Andean forests of Colombia. Zootaxa 5297 (1): 87-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
