identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
9A448783BA13FF8BF158FEAAFDC32403.text	9A448783BA13FF8BF158FEAAFDC32403.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coptotermes hekouensis Xia & He 1986	<div><p>Coptotermes hekouensis Xia &amp; He, 1986 syn. nov.</p> <p>Type locality. China: Yunnan Province: Hekou County [云南河口].</p> <p>Type material examined. Sඒඇඍඒඉൾ: China: Yunnan Province: Hekou County [云南河口], 11-V-1962, W.-L. Xඎ [徐ǿh], 2A, 4S, No. 1282. Additional material examined. CHINA: Yඎඇඇൺඇ: Hekou County [云 南河口], IV-1962, 2N,&gt;10S,&gt;10W, No. 1270. Hekou County [云南河 口], 11-V-1962, 1A, 7S,&gt;10W, No. 1269.</p> <p>Remarks. According to Xංൺ &amp; Hൾ (1986), C. hekouensis can be differentiated from C. formosanus by three characters of the winged imagos: color of head capsule yellow brown in C. hekouensis, in contrast to reddish brown in C. formosanus, and C. hekouensis with narrower pronotum and shorter hind tibia than C. formosanus. One diagnostic character of soldiers was mentioned: head capsule elliptical or rounded in C. hekouensis, in contrast to pear-shaped head in C. formosanus. The type specimens of C. hekouensis examined in this study have been preserved for more than 50 years and their coloration likely faded (Fig. 4). We do not consider color as a valid reference because the preserving condition of the specimen may affect the color. The head shapes of the soldiers of C. hekouensis (Fig. 4c) are overlapping with the shape series of C. formosanus (Figs 3a–d). In addition, no differences were found between C. hekouensis and C. formosanus in the setae distribution and other characters examined by us. The morphometric measurements of these two species highly overlapped and the differences proposed by Xංൺ &amp; Hൾ (1986) were not detected in the present study (Table 3 and 4).</p> a n = 34, 12 colonies.b n = 7, 1 colony.c n = 3, 1 colony.d n = 6, 1 colony. * An individual of C. hekouensis is incomplete and the measurement is not available. of Coptotermes spp.Table 4. Measurements of winged imagos <p>a n = 35, 14 colonies.</p> <p>b n = 8, 1 colony.</p> <p>c n = 1, 1 colony.</p> <p>d n = 17, 1 colony.</p> <p>Coptotermes suzhouensis Xia &amp; He, 1986 syn. nov. Type locality. China: Jiangsu Province: Suzhou City [江n'n'州].</p> <p>Type material examined. Sඒඇඍඒඉൾ: China: Jiangsu Province: Suzhou City [江n'n'州], 25-V-1959, K.-L. XIA, X.-S. HE &amp; Y.-Q. YE [Rffiẅ, 何Ē松, 叶fiũ], 8A, 20S, 3W, No. 1853.</p> <p>Additional material examined. CHINA: JංൺඇGඌඎ: Suzhou City [江n' n'州], 25-V-1959,&gt;10W,No.3836.Suzhou City [江n'n'州], 25-V-1959,</p> <p>10S, No. 3831. Suzhou City [江n'n'州], 25-V-1959,&gt;10S, No. 3837. Suzhou City [江n'n'州], 1959. V.25,&gt;10W, No. 3842. Suzhou City [江 n'n'州], 25-V-1959, 9A, 1S,&gt;10W, No. 3302. Suzhou City [江n'n'州], 25-V-1959,&gt;10S, No. 3841. Suzhou City [江n'n'州], 25-V-1959, 3S, 2W, No. 3835.</p> <p>Remarks. Lං et al. (2018) collected termite samples from Feixi County in Hefei, Anhui Province and identified them as C. suzhouensis. The mitochondrial genome of their samples is almost identical to that of C. formosanus, and they further suggested that C. suzhouensis is the junior synonym of C. formosanus. However, no evidence supported the samples they used represented C. suzhouensis. Lං et al. (2018) did not use the type specimens for sequencing, and the samples were not collected from the type locality, Suzhou, Jiangsu, either. The mitochondrial genome provided by Lං et al. (2018) simply proved they misidentified C. formosanus as C. suzhouensis.</p> <p>According to the key provided by Xංൺ &amp; Hൾ (1986), C. suzhouensis can be differentiated from C. formosanus by five characters of the winged imago: (1) head shape: C. suzhouensis subcircular, C. formosanus rounded; (2) compound eye: C. suzhouensis subcircular, C. formosanus rounded; (3) ocellus: narrower in C. suzhouensis than in C. formosanus; (4) anterior and posterior margin of pronotum: more concave in C. suzhouensis than in C. formosanus; and (5) wings: wider in C. suzhouensis than in C. formosanus. In addition to winged imago, Xංൺ &amp; Hൾ (1986) mentioned the soldier head capsule of C. suzhouensis was elliptical or rounded and that of C. formosanus was pear-shaped. However, in this study, we found the winged imagos of C. suzhouensis and C. formosanus were similar in the shape of head, compound eye, and pronotum. The measurements of the minimum length of ocellus were not significantly different (Table 4). The head shape of C. suzhouensis soldiers we examined (Fig. 5c) overlap with the shape series of C. formosanus (Figs 3e–h). Apart from that, no differences between C. suzhouensis and C. formosanus were found in the setae distribution and other characters examined by us. The morphometric measurements of these two species highly overlapped and the differences proposed by Xංൺ &amp; Hൾ (1986) are not detected in the present study (Tables 3–4).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A448783BA13FF8BF158FEAAFDC32403	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, Guan-Yu;Ke, Yun-Ling;Liang, Wei-Ren;Li, Hou-Feng	Chen, Guan-Yu, Ke, Yun-Ling, Liang, Wei-Ren, Li, Hou-Feng (2020): Redescription of Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae), with three new synonyms from China. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 60 (2): 599-608, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.041, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2020.041
9A448783BA1EFF8BF2D9FB28FBAF2103.text	9A448783BA1EFF8BF2D9FB28FBAF2103.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coptotermes shanghaiensis Xia & He 1986	<div><p>Coptotermes shanghaiensis Xia &amp; He, 1986</p> <p>Type locality. China: Shanghai [中 Ṟ 上海].</p> <p>Type material examined. In the original description, the collection information of type specimens is: China: Shanghai [上海], (soldier, alate, and worker), No: 09003454, 26-VI-1965, G.-J. CIJൾඇ [Ḵ国ẁ]. We did not find this type specimen at SEM, but find a specimen with the same collection locality, date, and collector as following: China: Shanghai [上海ÿ化局], 26-VI-1965, G.-J. CIJൾඇ [Ḵ国ẁ], No. 2303, Cop. Orthognathus, Coptotermes orthognathus = (P.) shanghainesis Xia et He, 1986 [new label], 37A. We suggest this specimen was derived from the type specimens.</p> <p>Additional material examined. CHINA: Shanghai [上海], 26-VI-1965, G.-J. CIJൾඇ, 8A, 1N,&gt;10W, No: 3855; Shanghai [上海], 30-VII-1965,&gt;10S,&gt;10W,No: 3683; Shanghai [上海], 9-V-1957, 7S,&gt;10W, No:1845.</p> <p>Remarks. According to Xංൺ &amp; Hൾ (1986), C. shanghaiensis could be differentiated from C. formosanus based on three characters of winged imagos: smaller wing length than that of C. formosanus; narrower pronotum width than that of C. formosanus; and narrower head width than that of C. formosanus. One diagnostic character of soldier caste was mentioned: elliptical or rounded head, in contrast to the pear-shaped head of C. formosanus. No soldier specimen of C. shanghaiensis from the type location was available for this study. The winged imagos of C. shanghaiensis can be distinguished from C. formosanus by the morphometric variation of pronotum (Table 4). Although no difference between C. shanghaiensis and C. formosanus was found in the setae distribution and other characters examined by us, the taxonomic status of C. shanghaiensis needs further investigation. Soldier and winged imagos collected from multiple colonies in the type locality and their molecular sequences are required.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A448783BA1EFF8BF2D9FB28FBAF2103	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, Guan-Yu;Ke, Yun-Ling;Liang, Wei-Ren;Li, Hou-Feng	Chen, Guan-Yu, Ke, Yun-Ling, Liang, Wei-Ren, Li, Hou-Feng (2020): Redescription of Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae), with three new synonyms from China. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 60 (2): 599-608, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.041, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2020.041
