taxonID	type	description	language	source
84C8587DBAA15143B230C5DCA3707976.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (according to Smol et al. 2014). Buccal cavity large, barrel-shaped with three unequal immovable teeth, of which the right subventral tooth largest. Females didelphic-amphidelphic with reflexed ovaries. Spicules short, straight or slightly curved. Gubernaculum absent. Demanian system present and simple, consisting of prolongation of the ovary at the reflexed point that connects it with the intestine through the osmosium.	en	Sun, Lingyun, Gu, Huimin, Huang, Yong (2025): Two new species of the genus Viscosia de Man, 1890 (Nematoda, Enoplea, Enoplida, Oncholaimidae) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. ZooKeys 1231: 99-117, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1231.142078
84C8587DBAA15143B230C5DCA3707976.taxon	discussion	Remarks. According to the relevant literature, there are 27 species described only from juveniles or females (five species, V. brachydonta, V. conicaudata, V. leptolaima, V. macrorhopalocerca and V. palmae, were described only from juveniles; 18 species, V. brevidentata, V. cryptodentata, V. fatigans, V. filipjevi, V. isotonchula, V. linstowi, V. longidentata, V. minor, V. papillosa, V. paralinstowi, V. paridentata, V. parva, V. pellucida, V. poseidonica, V. stenostoma, V. subantarctica, V. tasmaniensis and V. tenuilaima, were described only from females; four species, V. crassa, V. diodon, V. longissima and V. minudonta, were described from females and juveniles). These species should be considered as inquirendae. According to the original description of V. brachylaimoides by Chitwood (1937) and the opinion of Leduc and Zhao (2023), this species has a large left ventrosublateral tooth instead of large right ventrosublateral tooth, indicating that the species does not belong to Viscosia. Here, V. brachylaimoides is treated as species inquirendum. Based on the observation and analysis by Smol and Sharma (1984), the largest ventrosublateral tooth of V. franzii is situated on the right side instead of the left as described by Boucher (1977). The species is consistent with the diagnosis of Viscosia, and it is a valid species of the genus. Meanwhile, Smol and Sharma considered V. carnleyensis as a synonym of V. glabra.	en	Sun, Lingyun, Gu, Huimin, Huang, Yong (2025): Two new species of the genus Viscosia de Man, 1890 (Nematoda, Enoplea, Enoplida, Oncholaimidae) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. ZooKeys 1231: 99-117, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1231.142078
E291695C7BC85A0D9E98074119BC2183.taxon	description	Figs 1, 2, 3, Table 1	en	Sun, Lingyun, Gu, Huimin, Huang, Yong (2025): Two new species of the genus Viscosia de Man, 1890 (Nematoda, Enoplea, Enoplida, Oncholaimidae) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. ZooKeys 1231: 99-117, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1231.142078
E291695C7BC85A0D9E98074119BC2183.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body slender, medium size in the genus. Heavily cuticularized and relatively shallow buccal cavity with three stubby teeth, and a right ventrosublateral tooth massive. Cephalic setae 7 – 8 µm long. Amphidial fovea invisible. Spicules slender, almost straight, cephalated proximally and conical distally. Tail conical, straight in males, slightly bent ventrally in females.	en	Sun, Lingyun, Gu, Huimin, Huang, Yong (2025): Two new species of the genus Viscosia de Man, 1890 (Nematoda, Enoplea, Enoplida, Oncholaimidae) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. ZooKeys 1231: 99-117, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1231.142078
E291695C7BC85A0D9E98074119BC2183.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Species epithet media refers to the medium body size of this species within the genus.	en	Sun, Lingyun, Gu, Huimin, Huang, Yong (2025): Two new species of the genus Viscosia de Man, 1890 (Nematoda, Enoplea, Enoplida, Oncholaimidae) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. ZooKeys 1231: 99-117, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1231.142078
E291695C7BC85A0D9E98074119BC2183.taxon	description	Measurements. All measurement data are given in Table 1.	en	Sun, Lingyun, Gu, Huimin, Huang, Yong (2025): Two new species of the genus Viscosia de Man, 1890 (Nematoda, Enoplea, Enoplida, Oncholaimidae) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. ZooKeys 1231: 99-117, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1231.142078
E291695C7BC85A0D9E98074119BC2183.taxon	description	Descriptions. Males. Body medium in size, and slender, tapering slightly towards both extremities. Cuticle smooth. Cervical setae 4 – 6 µm long, sparse, present only in the anterior portion of pharyngeal region. Cephalic region truncated, continuing with body contour. Six lips, each bearing a single inner labial papilla. Six outer labial setae and four slightly longer cephalic setae in a single circle. Outer labial setae 6 – 7 µm long, cephalic setae 7 – 8 µm long. Amphidial fovea invisible. Buccal cavity heavily cuticularized, relatively shallow, 15 – 18 µm deep and 7 – 9 µm wide, with three stubby teeth. Right ventrosublateral tooth massive and larger than left ventrosublateral tooth and dorsal tooth. The tip of right ventrosublateral tooth at the same level with outer labial and cephalic setae. The height of left ventrosublateral tooth and dorsal tooth are almost equal. Pharynx cylindrical, widening slightly towards posterior extremity. Cardia conical, surrounded by intestinal tissue. Nerve ring located pre-mid of length of pharynx. Secretory-excretory system present; excretory pore located slightly posterior to nerve ring, 160 – 170 µm from anterior end. Ventral gland located at anterior part of the intestine. Reproductive system with two opposed and outstretched testes located to the right of intestine. Sperm cells oval or irregularly square, 12 – 16 µm long and 8 – 10 µm wide. Spicules slender, almost straight, cephalated proximally and conical distally. Gubernaculum absent. Tail conical, narrowing abruptly immediately posterior to cloaca and directed slightly dorsally, without caudal setae. Three caudal glands extending anteriorly to tail region. Spinneret present. Females. Similar to males in most morphological characteristics but there are less cervical setae, and tail slightly bent ventrally. Reproductive system with two opposed and reflexed ovaries both located to the right of intestine. Eggs very long, can be up to 220 µm long. Demanian system simple, consisting of a sac-like prolongation of the ovary at the reflexed point of the ovary and a duct-shaped osmosium. Vulva located at mid-body.	en	Sun, Lingyun, Gu, Huimin, Huang, Yong (2025): Two new species of the genus Viscosia de Man, 1890 (Nematoda, Enoplea, Enoplida, Oncholaimidae) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. ZooKeys 1231: 99-117, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1231.142078
53BDE026D62552D3B83AE1176C7DF176.taxon	description	Figs 4, 5, Table 1	en	Sun, Lingyun, Gu, Huimin, Huang, Yong (2025): Two new species of the genus Viscosia de Man, 1890 (Nematoda, Enoplea, Enoplida, Oncholaimidae) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. ZooKeys 1231: 99-117, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1231.142078
53BDE026D62552D3B83AE1176C7DF176.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet refers to the country of origin, China.	en	Sun, Lingyun, Gu, Huimin, Huang, Yong (2025): Two new species of the genus Viscosia de Man, 1890 (Nematoda, Enoplea, Enoplida, Oncholaimidae) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. ZooKeys 1231: 99-117, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1231.142078
53BDE026D62552D3B83AE1176C7DF176.taxon	description	Measurements. All measurement data are given in Table 1.	en	Sun, Lingyun, Gu, Huimin, Huang, Yong (2025): Two new species of the genus Viscosia de Man, 1890 (Nematoda, Enoplea, Enoplida, Oncholaimidae) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. ZooKeys 1231: 99-117, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1231.142078
53BDE026D62552D3B83AE1176C7DF176.taxon	description	Descriptions. Males. Body relatively slender. Cuticle smooth, without somatic setae. Labial region spherical, demarcated by slight constriction. Six lips, each bearing a single internal labial papilla. Six outer labial setae and four cephalic setae in a single circle, equal in length. Amphidial fovea relatively large, pocket-shaped, 9 – 11 µm wide, about 80 % corresponding body diameter, and 5 – 6 µm deep, located at level of the middle of buccal cavity. Buccal cavity 16 – 29 µm deep and 8 – 10 µm wide, with three teeth. Right ventrosublateral tooth larger than left ventrosublateral tooth and dorsal tooth. The tip of right ventrosublateral tooth at the same level with outer labial and cephalic setae. The height of left ventrosublateral tooth and dorsal tooth are almost equal. Pharynx cylindrical, widening slightly towards posterior extremity. Cardia conical, about 15 µm long, surrounded by intestinal tissue. Nerve ring located approximately halfway down length of pharynx. Secretory-excretory system and excretory pore not observed. Reproductive system with two opposed and outstretched testes located to the right of intestine. Spicules slender, slightly curved ventrally, not cephalate proximally. Gubernaculum absent. 10 – 12 setae surrounding the cloaca, each 3 – 4 µm long. Tail conico-cylindrical, with swollen horseshoe-shaped tip. Caudal setae absent. Three caudal glands extending anteriorly to tail region. Spinneret present. Females. Similar to males in the most morphological characteristics but amphidial fovea slightly smaller, 53 – 62 % corresponding body diameter wider, and buccal cavity slightly shallower (21 – 29 µm versus 16 µm deep). Reproductive system with two opposed and reflexed ovaries both located to the right of intestine. Demanian system indistinct. Vulva located at mid-body.	en	Sun, Lingyun, Gu, Huimin, Huang, Yong (2025): Two new species of the genus Viscosia de Man, 1890 (Nematoda, Enoplea, Enoplida, Oncholaimidae) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. ZooKeys 1231: 99-117, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1231.142078
