identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
9739CE7361390D32FF04F985FBC6F3E8.text	9739CE7361390D32FF04F985FBC6F3E8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea pseudotridactyla Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>2. Saussurea pseudotridactyla Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 2)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Cona County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.96667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.96667/lat 27.766666)">Langpo Xiang</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.96667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.96667/lat 27.766666)">Dongzhang</a> waterfall to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.96667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.96667/lat 27.766666)">Xiaozhan</a>, 27°46 ʹ N, 91°58 ʹ E, alpine periglacial scree zone, 3700 m, 11 August 2013, FLPH Tibet Expedition 13-0926 (holotype PE; isotypes PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 5–12 cm tall, polycarpic, usually forming a large clump. Caudex stout, branched at ground level, with several to numerous sterile leaf rosettes and flowering stems. Stems usually several, ca. 4 mm in diameter, erect, simple, hidden by reflexed leaves. Sterile leaves rosulate, spathulate, 1–3 cm long, 3–7 mm wide, adaxially green to grayish white, sparsely white arachnoid, abaxially grayish white, densely white arachnoid tomentose, margin obscurely few-dentate, apex obtuse. Rosette and lower flowering stem leaves shortly petiolate; leaf blade spathulate, (1–) 2–3.5 cm long, 4–7 mm wide, both surfaces densely white arachnoid, base cuneate-attenuate, margin obscurely few-dentate to nearly entire, apex obtuse. Upper flowering stem leaves linear, purplish red, 10–30 mm long, 1–2.5 mm wide, usually reflexed, both surfaces densely white and dark brown lanate, margin entire or obscurely few dentate, apex acute. Capitula numerous, in a hemispheric synflorescence 2.5–3.5 cm in diameter, sessile, exposed at anthesis. Involucre cylindroid, 4–6 mm in diameter. Phyllaries in 3–4 rows, membranous, apex acute; outer phyllaries narrowly triangular-ovate, 11–13 mm long, 2.5–3 mm wide, densely brown villous; inner phyllaries narrowly elliptic to linear, 9–10 mm long, 1–2 mm wide, apically purple and sparsely brown villous. Receptacle bristles ca. 0.5 mm long. Corolla purple, 9–9.5 mm long, tube 4–4.5 mm long, limb ca. 5 mm long, lobes ca. 2.5 mm long, linear. Anthers purplish black, 4–5 mm long, auricles with white lanate tails 0.5–1 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, brown, 3.8–4 mm long, ribbed, glabrous, apex with a short truncate crown. Pappus dark brownish; outer bristles 4–5 mm long, plumose, caducous, slender than inner bristles; inner bristles 7–10 mm long, long plumose.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea pseudotridactyla is currently known only from Cona County, southern Xizang, China. It grows on alpine periglacial scree zone or alpine meadows at altitudes of 3700–4530 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet reflects the similarity of the new species to S. tridactyla Schultz Bipontinus ex Hooker (1881: 377). Chinese name: LJΞffiǞÊT.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Xizang: Cona County, Bai Shan Pass, 27°55 ʹ N, 91°52 ʹ E, alpine scree or meadows, 4530 m, 12 August 2013, FLPH Tibet Expedition 13-0994 (PE).</p> <p>Discussion:—In our molecular tree, S. pseudotridactyla is shown to be very close to S. tridactyla Schultz Bipontinus ex Hooker (1881: 377). It is similar to S. tridactyla in its polycarpic habit, stem hidden by reflexed leaves, rosette and lower stem leaves densely white arachnoid on both surfaces, synflorescence hemispheric and exposed at anthesis, and outer bristles 2–4 mm long, plumose, but differs by the plant usually forming a large clump (vs. never forming a large clump and nearly monocarpic), its sterile and lower flowering stem leaves obscurely few-dentate to nearly entire at margin (vs. apically 3–6-toothed), lower flowering stem leaves densely white arachnoid on both surfaces, upper flowering stem leaves purplish red and densely white and dark brown lanate on both surfaces (vs. all leaves similar in color, both surfaces densely white or yellowish lanate), and pappus dark brown (vs. straw-clored to light brown). A comparison of S. pseudotridactyla with related taxa is given in Table 2.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361390D32FF04F985FBC6F3E8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE73613F0D30FF04F923FB89F27C.text	9739CE73613F0D30FF04F923FB89F27C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea pseudoleucoma Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>3. Saussurea pseudoleucoma Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 3)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Lhünzê County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.683332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.03333/lat 28.683332)">Yumen Xiang</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.683332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.03333/lat 28.683332)">Rila Shan</a> pass, 28°41 ʹ N, 93°2 ʹ E, alpine scree, 4600–4800 m, 5 August 2013, FLPH Tibet Expedition 13-0368 (holotype PE; isotypes PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 5–13 cm tall, polycarpic. Caudex stout, usually abundantly and long branched at underground level, with numerous sterile leaf rosettes and flowering stems. Flowering stems usually 3–5 mm in diameter, erect, simple, densely white arachnoid tomentose, hidden by reflexed leaves. Sterile leaves rosulate, petiolate; petioles 5–25 mm long, white arachnoid tomentose; leaf blade ovate, 1.5–3 cm long, 5–18 mm wide, adaxially grayish white, densely white arachnoid tomentose, abaxially grayish white, densely white arachnoid tomentose, margin pinnately lobed (lobes 3–4 pairs) to coarsely dentate, apex obtuse. Lower and middle flowering stem leaves shortly petiolate; leaf blade lanceolate, usually purplish red, 3–4.5 cm long, 5–8 mm wide, both surfaces densely white or light brown arachnoid tomentose, base cuneate-attenuate, margin pinnately lobed to dentate, apex acute. Uppermost flowering stem leaves sessile; leaf blade usually purplish red, linear-lanceolate, much smaller than lower leaves, both surfaces densely white or light brown arachnoid tomentose, margin toothed to entire, apex acuminate. Capitula numerous, in a hemispheric synflorescence 3–5.5 cm in diameter, sessile, exposed at anthesis. Involucre cylindroid, 4–6 mm in diameter. Phyllaries in 3–4 rows, membranous, apex obtuse and sparsely villous; outer phyllaries oblong to elliptic, ca. 15 mm long, ca. 4 mm wide, glabrous, apex obtuse and sparsely villous; inner phyllaries oblong to elliptic, 16–17 mm long, 2.5–3.8 mm wide, apically purple and ciliate to glabrous. Receptacle naked. Corolla purple, ca. 14.5 mm long, tube ca. 9 mm long, limb ca. 5.5 mm long, lobes ca. 2.5 mm long, linear. Anthers purplish black, ca. 6 mm long, auricles with white lanate tails ca. 1.5 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, brown, ca. 3 mm long, ribbed, glabrous, apex with a short truncate crown. Pappus dark brownish; outer bristles 4–5 mm long, plumose, caducous, slender than inner bristles; inner bristles ca. 15 mm long, long plumose.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea pseudoleucoma is currently known only from Lhünzê County, southern Xizang, China. It grows on alpine periglacial scree zone at altitudes of 4600–4800 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from the name of its similar species, S. leucoma Diels (1912: 197). Chinese name: LJflṄǞÊT.</p> <p>Discussion:—In our molecular tree, S. pseudoleucoma is shown to be close to S. tridactyla and S. pseudotridactyla. It is similar to S. tridactyla and S. pseudotridactyla in its polycarpic habit, synflorescence exposed at anthesis, leaves densely white arachnoid tomentose, and outer pappus plumose, but distinct by its sterile leaves ovate, flowering stem leaves lanceolate to linear, leaves pinnately lobed (lobes 3–4 pairs) to coarsely dentate, phyllaries apex obtuse, receptacle naked, and inner pappus ca. 15 mm long. It is also similar to S. leucoma in its polycarpic habit, synflorescence exposed at anthesis, leaves densely white arachnoid tomentose, and leaf blade pinnately lobed, but differs by its sterile leaves ovate and grayish white, flowering stem leaves lanceolate to linear, purplish red (vs. all leaves narrowly elliptic, light green), phyllary apex obtuse (vs. acuminate), receptacle naked (vs. bristles 1–3 mm long), pappus dark brown (vs. straw-colored), and outer pappus plumose (vs. scabrid). Saussurea pseudoleucoma is somewhat similar to S. quercifolia Smith (1913: 115) in its polycarpic habit, synflorescence exposed at anthesis, leaves densely white arachnoid tomentose, and leaf blade pinnately lobed to dentate, but differs by its sterile leaves ovate, flowering stem leaves lanceolate to linear, purplish red (vs. all leaves elliptic to narrowly elliptic, or lanceolate, light green), phyllary apex obtuse (vs. acute), receptacle naked (vs. bristly), pappus dark brown (vs. blackish), and outer pappus plumose (vs. scabrid). A comparison of S. pseudoleucoma with related taxa is given in Table 2.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE73613F0D30FF04F923FB89F27C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE73613D0D3FFF04FCDDFCB4F088.text	9739CE73613D0D3FFF04FCDDFCB4F088.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea pseudosimpsoniana Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>4. Saussurea pseudosimpsoniana Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 4)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Nangxian County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.866667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.35/lat 28.866667)">Jindong</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.866667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.35/lat 28.866667)">Laiyi</a>, alpine scree, 28°52 ʹ N, 93°21 ʹ E, 4832 m, 10 September 2012, FLPH Tibet Expedition 12-1086 (holotype PE; isotype PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 10–15 cm tall, polycarpic. Caudex stout, branched, with several sterile leaf rosettes and flowering stems. Stems solitary or several, ca. 7 mm in diameter, erect, simple, usually hidden by reflexed leaves; stems, cauline leaves and synflorescence covered with dense white or blackish pink wool-like multicellular hairs. Rosette and lower stem leaves shortly petiolate; leaf blade lanceolate to elliptic, 4–6 cm long, 3–4 mm wide, adaxially light green, abaxially appressed arachnoid, base attenuate, margin dentate to shallowly pinnately lobed, apex acute. Middle stem leaves lanceolate, sessile, 4–6 cm long, 6–13 mm wide, adaxially appressed arachnoid, abaxially densely white arachnoid in middle and apex, densely blackish arachnoid in the lower part, margin pinnately lobed or distinctly toothed, apex acute. Upper stem leaves linear, 10–25 mm long, 1–2 mm wide, usually reflexed, densely blackish arachnoid on both surfaces, margin entire or denticulate, apex acute. Capitula 15–26, densely congested on top of stem, in a hemispheric synflorescence 4–4.5 cm in diameter, exposed at flowering time. Involucre cylindroid, 4–6 mm in diameter. Phyllaries in 3 or 4 rows, membranous, apex acuminate; outer phyllaries linear, 11–13 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, blackish villous; inner phyllaries narrowly ovate-elliptic to linear, 9–10 mm long, 2–2.3 mm wide, apically blackish villous. Receptacle bristles 1–1.5 mm long. Corolla purple, 8–9 mm long, tube ca. 4 mm long, limb ca. 5.5 mm long, lobes 1.5–2 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, dark brown, 3–4 mm long, ribbed, glabrous. Pappus blackish; outer bristles 10–12, scabrid, 1.5–2 mm long; inner bristles plumose, 8–9 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea pseudosimpsoniana is currently known only from Nangxian County, Southern Xizang, China. It grows on alpine scree at an altitude of ca. 4830 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet reflects the similarity of the new species to S. simpsoniana (Fielding &amp; Gardner 1844: t. 26) Lipschitz (1964: 319). Chinese name: DZBǞÊT.</p> <p>Discussion:— Saussurea pseudosimpsoniana belongs to S. subgen. Eriocoryne (Wallich ex Candolle 1838: 541) Hooker (1881: 376) because of its capitula in densely congested hemispheric synflorescence and surrounded by densely lanate subtending leaves. It is similar to S. simpsoniana in its polycarpic habit, leaves dentate or pinnately lobed, and capitula in a hemispheric synflorescence and exposed during flowering period, but differs by its upper stem leaves densely blackish arachnoid on both surfaces (vs. dense white or pink wool-like multicellular hairs), phyllaries linear and blackish villous (vs. triangular-ovate to linear, with dense grayish glandular hairs and non-glandular hairs), and pappus blackish (vs. yellowish white). Geographically, S. pseudosimpsoniana is currently known only from Nangxian County, Xizang, whereas S. simpsoniana is widely distributed in the Himalayas. In our molecular tree, Saussurea pseudosimpsoniana is shown to be closely related to S. laniceps Handel-Mazzetti (1937: 657). It is similar to S. laniceps in its stems, cauline leaves and synflorescence all densely covered with wool-like multicellular hairs, and in its pappus blackish, but differs by its polycarpic habit (vs. monocarpic habit), synflorescence hemispheric and exposed at anthesis (vs. raceme-like to nearly spike-like and hidden by lanate indumentum at anthesis), and leaf margin denate to pinnately lobed (vs. dentate to entire). Saussurea pseudosimpsoniana is also very similar to S. quercifolia Smith (1913: 115) in its leaf blade lanceolate to elliptic, margin dentate to shallowly pinnately lobed, synflorescence exposed at anthesis, and in its pappus blackish, but differs by its densely blackish arachnoid on both surfaces (vs. grayish white tomentose), phyllaries blackish villous (vs. grayish villous), phyllary apex acuminate (vs. acute). A comparison of S. pseudosimpsoniana with related species is given in Table 3.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE73613D0D3FFF04FCDDFCB4F088	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361330D3DFF04FCE4FB57F074.text	9739CE7361330D3DFF04FCE4FB57F074.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea zogangensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>5. Saussurea zogangensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 5)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Zogang County, Dongdala Shan pass, alpine scree, 5000 m, 21 August 2009, Y. S. Chen 9502 (holotype PE; isotype PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 3–10 cm tall, polycarpic, sometimes caespitose. Caudex branched at underground level, usually with many leaf rosettes and flowering shoots. Stem erect, grayish white arachnoid tomentose, 4–5 mm in diameter, usually concealed by leaves. Basal leaves narrowed into short petioles; leaf blade oblong or spatulate, 2–5 cm long, 3–12 mm wide, both surfaces white tomentose, margin crenate to entire, apex obtuse; middle stem leaves similar. Uppermost leaves crowded, sessile, triangular-ovate, usually reflexed, base enlarged, enveloping synflorescence. Synflorescence hemispheric, 2.5–4 cm in diameter, exposed at anthesis. Capitula 10–25, nearly sessile, congested on top of stem. Involucre cylindroid, 5–6 mm in diameter. Phyllaries in ca. 3 rows, subequal, membranous; outer phyllaries narrowly obovate-elliptic, 9–10 mm long, ca. 3 mm wide, densely blackish brown woolly over all surfaces, apex subacute; middle phyllaries obovate-elliptic, 9–10.5 mm long, ca. 3 mm wide, margin hyaline, apically blackish brown woolly, apex purplish brown, acute; inner phyllaries elliptic, ca. 10 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, margin hyaline, apically blackish brown woolly, apex purplish brown, acute. Receptacle bristles yellowish brown, acerose, 2–3 mm long. Corolla pink, 10–11 mm long, tube 4.5–5 mm long, limb ca. 6 mm long, lobes 3–4 mm long. Anthers ca. 4.5 mm long including tails; tails densely ciliate, ca. 0.4 mm long. Achenes oblong-cylindroid, 3–5 mm long, ribbed, glabrous, apex with a short rim. Pappus black; outer bristles scabrid, 3–4 mm long; inner bristles 16–20, long plumose, ca. 10 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea zogangensis occurs in eastern Xizang (Tibet), China. It grows in alpine scree slopes at altitudes of 4400–5000 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from its type locality, Zogang County. Chinese name: ĿŃǞÊT.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Xizang: Riwoqê to Qamdo pass, alpine scree slopes, 4800 m, 8 August 2010, Kham Expedition 10-1513 (PE); Baxoi County, Ranwu, Demula Shan, 4800 m, 24 August 1973, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 1227 (KUN, PE); Baxoi County, Ranwu, Demula Shan pass, 4400–4900 m, 3 September 1983, B. S. Li &amp; S. Z. Cheng 7344 (PE).</p> <p>Discussion:— Saussurea zogangensis belongs to S. subgen. Eriocoryne because of its capitula in densely congested hemispheric synflorescence and surrounded by densely lanate subtending leaves. In our molecular tree, it is shown to be closely related to S. inversa Raab-Straube (2011: 92). It is similar to S. inversa in its polycarpic habit, short stem, synfloresence hemispheric, phyllaries in ca. 3 rows and subequal, pappus black, and in the size and shape of leaf blade as well, but differs by its corolla pink (vs. rose-purple), outer pappus erect (vs. reflexed and appressed on achene). It is also similar to S. sorocephala (Schrenk ex Fischer &amp; Meyer 1841: 43) Schrenk (1842: 38) in its short stem, polycarpic habit, leaf size, shape, margin and indumentum, uppermost leaves crowded, sessile, triangular-ovate, base enlarged, enveloping synflorescence, synfloresence hemispheric, phyllaries in ca. 3 rows and subequal, pappus black, and in the leaf size, shape, margin and indumentum, but differs by its corolla pink (vs. light bluish white), synfloresence with 10–25 capitula (vs. 7–10 capitula). Saussurea sorocephala has been previously often treated as a synonym of S. gnaphalodes (Royle ex Candolle 1838: 542) Schultz Bipontinus 1846: 331) (Lipschitz 1979; Shi &amp; Jin 1999; Shi &amp; Raab-Straube 2011). However, we found that S. sorocephala is a distinct species after checking its type material and living plants in the field. A comparison of S. zogangensis with related species is given in Table 4.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361330D3DFF04FCE4FB57F074	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361360D3BFF04FF0DFC01F617.text	9739CE7361360D3BFF04FF0DFC01F617.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea jindongensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>6. Saussurea jindongensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 6)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Nangxian County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.35/lat 28.85)">Jindong Xiang</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=93.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 93.35/lat 28.85)">Laiyi</a>, alpine scree, 28°51 ʹ N, 93°21 ʹ E, 4830 m, 10 September 2012, FLPH Tibet Expedition 12-1087 (holotype PE; isotype PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 10–16 cm tall. Caudex simple or fewly branched. Stems solitary or several, 5–6 mm in diameter, erect, simple, densely white sericeous-villous. Rosette and lower stem leaves petiolate; petioles up to 2 cm long, densely white villous; leaf blade obovate to oblong, 3.5–7 cm long, 0.9–2.8 cm wide, both surfaces grayish green, white sericeous-villous, densely so especially along veins, base usually attenuate, margin subentire to shallowly sinuatedenticulate, apex obtuse. Middle and upper stem leaves sessile, ovate to obovate or boat-shaped, 5–6.5 cm long, 1–2 cm wide, both surfaces grayish green, base semiamplexicaul, margin entire, apex obtuse. Uppermost stem leaves boat-shaped, 2.5–5 cm long, 1.5–2.2 cm wide, both surfaces purplish red, membranous, half-enclosing capitula. Capitula solitary. Involucre obconic, 3.5–4 cm in diameter, 2.5–2.8 cm high. Phyllaries in 4–5 rows, blackish brown, white sericeous-villous, apex acuminate; outer phyllaries narrowly triangular-ovate, 13–15 mm long, 4–5 mm wide; middle phyllaries narrowly elliptic, 15–17 mm long, 2–3 mm wide; inner phyllaries linear, 19–20 mm long, ca. 1.5 mm wide. Receptacle bristles ca. 5 mm long. Corolla purple, 16–17 mm long, tube 8–9 mm long, throat 3.5–4 mm long, lobes 4–4.5 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, blackish, ca. 5 mm long, ribbed, glabrous. Pappus yellowish white; outer bristles 2–5 mm long, scabrid; inner bristles ca. 12 mm long, plumose.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea jindongensis is currently known only from its type locality in southern Xizang. It grows in alpine scree at an altitude of ca. 4830 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from its type locality, Jindong Xiang. Chinese name: ḔṪǞfi.</p> <p>Discussion:— Saussurea jindongensis belongs to S. subgen. Amphilaena because of its capitula half-enclosed by purple membranous upper leaves, and its leaves undivided. It is similar to S. polycolea Handel-Mazzetti (1937: 654) in its habit, capitula solitary, leaf shape, pappus color and length, but differs by its stem stout (vs. slender), membranous upper leaves half-enclosing capitula (vs. subtending capitula), involucre 3.5–4 cm in diameter (vs. 1–2.5 cm in diameter), and plant densely white villous (vs. sparsely pubescent). It is also similar to S. uniflora (Candolle 1838: 539) Wallich ex Schultz Bipontinus (1846: 330) in its stout stem, membranous upper leaves half-enclosing capitula, capitula size, and pappus color and length, but differs by its stem and leaves densely white sericeous-villous (vs. sparsely pubescent to glabrescent), and leaf apex obtuse (vs. acuminate). A comparison of S. jindongensis with related species is given in Table 5.</p> <p>Our molecular tree shows that Saussurea langpoensis Chen (2014c: 193), S. bracteata Decaisne (1844: 94) and S. obvallata (Candolle 1838: 541) Schultz Bipontinus (1846: 331) are somewhat weakly related to S. jindongensis, while S. polycolea and S. uniflora are not closely related to S. jindongensis.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361360D3BFF04FF0DFC01F617	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361360D39FF04F8F4FD99F500.text	9739CE7361360D39FF04F8F4FD99F500.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea habashanensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>7. Saussurea habashanensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 7)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Yunnan: Shangri-la County, Hashan Shan, swamp meadows beside alpine lake, 3880 m, 11 August 1981, PE Hengduan Mountain Expedition 2977 (holotype PE; isotypes PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 16–30 cm tall, caespitose, forming clumps. Caudex usually branched at ground level, covered with withered remains of old leaves. Stems many, 2–2.5 mm in diameter, erect, simple, sparsely pubescent. Rosette and lower stem leaves petiolate; petioles 2–3.5 cm long, glabrous; leaf blade linear-lanceolate, 8–11 cm long, 3–9 mm wide, both surfaces green, sparsely pubescent to glabrescent, margin minutely denticulate or sometimes subentire, apex acute to acuminate. Middle and upper leaves sessile, narrowly ovate to elliptic, 4.5–7(–10) cm long, (0.3–) 0.5–4 cm wide, apex acute, base semiamplexicaul. Uppermost stem leaves sessile, ovate, boat-shaped, 2.5–4.5 cm long, 1.3–2 cm wide, half-enclosing the capitula, both surfaces purple, margin sparsely denticulate or sometimes nearly entire, apex acute. Capitulum solitary, on the top of flowering stem. Involucre broadly campanulate, 1.8–2.4 cm in diameter, 1.4–1.8 cm high. Phyllaries in ca. 4 rows, blackish or purplish brown, white villous, apically glabrescent; outer phyllaries triangular-ovate, 8–11 mm long, 4–4.5 mm wide, apex acute; inner phyllaries lanceolate, 15–17 mm long, 0.5–2 mm wide, apex acuminate. Receptacle bristles 5–6 mm long. Corolla tube ca. 6 mm long, limb ca. 3 mm long, lobes 3–4 mm long. Anthers ca. 5.6 mm long including tails; tails lacerate, ca. 0.7 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ca. 3.5 mm long, ribbed, glabrous. Pappus light brown; outer bristles scabrid, 2–3 mm long; inner bristles plumose, ca. 14 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea habashanensis is currently known only from Shangri-la County, Yunnan, China. It grows in alpine swamp meadows or alpine thickets and grassland at altitudes of 3850–3900 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from the name of Haba Shan, a mountain in northwestern Yunnan, China. Chinese name: ǙƂƜǞfi.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratype):— CHINA. Yunnan: Shangri-la County, Jisha forest farm, in thickets and grassland, 3850 m, 10 August 1981, Y. F. Han et al. 81-1614 (PE).</p> <p>Discussion:—In our molecular tree, S. habashanensis is shown to be closely related to S. delavayi Franchet (1888: 355), S. liangshanensis Chen (2014b: 143) and S. scabrida Franchet (1891: 146). Interestingly, none of the above related species belongs to S. subgen. Amphilaena. Saussurea habashanensis is similar to S. longifolia Franchet (1888: 354) and S. muliensis Handel-Mazzetti (1937: 656) in the habit, solitary capitula, and uppermost stem leaves half-enclosing the capitula, but differs from both species by its leaves sparsely pubescent to glabrescent on both surfaces, leaf margin minutely denticulate to subentire, lower stem leaves and middle stem leaves usually different in shape, lower stem leaves linear-lanceolate, middle and upper leaves narrowly ovate to elliptic, and involucre smaller (1.8–2.4 cm in diameter). In fact S. habashanensis is most similar to S. gymnocephala (Ling 1949: 92) Raab-Straube (2011: 89) in habit, leaf shape and indumentum, but S. habashanensis differs by th shape of its lower and middle stem leaves, lower leaves being linear-lanceolate, middle and upper leaves narrowly ovate to elliptic, and blade narrower (vs. leaves all narrowly elliptic to elliptic, blade wider), and capitula solitary (vs. 1–4). A comparison of S. habashanensis with related species is given in Table 6.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361360D39FF04F8F4FD99F500	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361340D26FF04F938FCDEF54F.text	9739CE7361340D26FF04F938FCDEF54F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea pseudoplatyphyllaria Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>8. Saussurea pseudoplatyphyllaria Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 8)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Muli County, on the road from Wachang to Ninglang, Heihaizi, thicket slopes, 4000 m, 24 September 1983, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 14253 (holotype PE00455011; isotypes KUN0730945, PE00393775).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 3–7 cm tall. Stem solitary, simple, nearly acaulescent.Leaves all basal, rosulate; leaf blade oblanceolate or elliptic, base narrowly attenuate and sheathed, apex obtuse, margin slightly repand dentate and densely ciliate, 4–13 cm long, 1.3–4.5 cm wide, adaxially green, glandular scabrid, abaxially sparsely white villous along veins. Capitula solitary, subsessile, completely hidden in the rosette. Involucre broadly campanulate, 2–3.5 cm in diameter, 2–3 cm high. Phyllaries in ca. 5 rows, sparsely villous, apex acute to acuminate; outer phyllaries purple, triangular-lanceolate, 20–25 mm long, 5–6 mm wide; middle phyllaries oblong-lanceolate, inner phyllaries narrowly linear, 22–26 mm long, 2.5–3 mm wide, margin and apex purple, apex acuminate. Receptacle naked. Corolla purple, 17–18 mm long, tube 11–12 mm long, limb ca. 6.5 mm long, lobes ca. 4 mm long, linear. Anthers black, 8–9 mm long including tails; tails white, lacerate, ca. 1 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, black, ribbed, ca. 8.5 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, glabrous. Pappus grayish white; outer bristles scabrid, 1–2 mm long; inner bristles plumose, 14–15 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea pseudoplatyphyllaria is currently known only from Muli County, southwestern Sichuan. It grows in thicket slopes or limestone slopes at altitudes of 4000–4300 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from September to October.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from the name of its similar species, S. platyphyllaria Ludlow (1956: 73). Chinese name: LJĒÜṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Sichuan: Muli County, S. G. Wu 2711 (KUN, PE); Muli County, Shuiluo Xiang, Xiling Shan, limestone slopes, 4000–4300 m, 1 October 1959, S. G. Wu 3399 (CDBI, KUN, PE).</p> <p>Discussion:— Saussurea pseudoplatyphyllaria belongs to S. subgen. Saussurea sect. Gymnocline because of its habit nearly stemless, leaves nearly entire and capitula solitary. No species are shown to be closely related to S. platyphyllaria in our molecular tree. It is similar to S. platyphyllaria in general appearance, the shape and margin of leaves, the size of capitula, and phyllaries sparsely villous, but differs by its receptacle naked (vs. bristles 3–4 mm long), phyllaries all lanceolate, narrower and longer, apex acute to acuminate (vs. outer phyllaries ovate or narrowly ovate, apex acute, middle phyllaries lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, inner phyllaries narrowly linear), achenes ca. 8.5 mm long (vs. ca. 2.5 mm long), and outer pappus scabrid and 1–2 mm long (vs. plumose and 9–11 mm long), Geographically, S. pseudoplatyphyllaria is currently known only from Muli County, Sichuan Province, China, whereas S. platyphyllaria occurs in western and central Nepal.</p> <p>Specimens of S. pseudoplatyphyllaria were previously misidentified as S. woodiana Hemsley (1892: 312) and S. hieracioides Hooker (1881: 371) and S. superba Anthony (1934: 212). It is similar to S. woodiana in its rosulate habit, leaf shape, and capitulum size, but differs by its leaves abaxially sparsely white villous along veins (vs. densely tomentose), margin repand dentate (vs. entire), phyllary apex acute to acuminate (vs. long acuminate), receptacle naked (vs. bristles 3–5 mm long), corolla purple and 17–18 mm long (vs. purple or white, 28–32 mm long), achenes ca. 8.5 mm long (vs. ca. 4 mm long), and inner pappus 14–15 mm long (ca. 22 mm long). It is also similar to S. superba in its rosulate habit, leaf shape, and capitulum solitary and size, but differs by its leaves abaxially sparsely white villous along veins (vs. subglabrous), margin repand dentate (vs. entire or inconspicuously denticulate), phyllary apex acute to acuminate (vs. long acuminate), receptacle naked (vs. bristles ca. 3 mm long), corolla 17–18 mm long (vs. 18–26 mm long), and achenes ca. 8.5 mm long (vs. 3–4 mm long). A comparison of S. pseudoplatyphyllaria with related species is given in Table 7.</p> <p>Figure 9. Saussurea yui. A. Habit. B. Pappus. C. Achene. D. Anther. E. Corolla with style and anthers. F. Phyllaries (from left to right, inner to outer series). All from T. T. Yu 14673 (PE). Drawn by Mrs. P. Liu.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361340D26FF04F938FCDEF54F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE73612B0D25FF04FB0EFF6EF27C.text	9739CE73612B0D25FF04FB0EFF6EF27C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea yui Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>9. Saussurea yui Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 9)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Muli County, Wachin Xiang, Jin-chang, on rocks in woods, 4100 m, 20 October 1937, T. T. Yu 14673 (holotype PE; isotypes A, KUN).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, usually nearly stemless or rarely with short stem up to 10 cm. Rhizomes ascending, branched or simple, densely covered with dark brown residue of old leaves, with numerous or a few blackish brown stout roots of even thickness. Leaves rosulate or cauline, subsessile; leaf blade green on both surfaces, oblong to narrowly elliptic, (2.4–) 4–9 cm long, (0.4–) 0.7–1.8 cm wide, chartaceous, glabrous, midveins conspicuous, base cuneate-attenuate, margin obscurely denticulate or entire, apex acute or obtuse. Capitula solitary in rosette of leaves at end of stem, sessile. Involure subglobose, 1.4–2.5 cm in diameter and 1.5–2.5 cm high. Phyllaries in 5–6 rows, imbricate, leathery, abaxially sparsely pubescent or nearly glabrous; outer and middle phyllaries oblong, 10–15 mm long, 5–7 mm wide, apex obtuse; inner phyllaries elliptic, 15–20 mm long, 3–4 mm wide, apex narrowly obtuse. Receptacle flat, densely covered with persistent yellowish bristles, bristles linear, 6–7 mm long. Corolla purplish blue, 15–19 mm long, tubular-funnelform, glabrous, tube 7–12 mm long, limb 6–8 mm long, lobes 3–4 mm long. Anthers ca. 8 mm long including tails; tails lanate, ca. 1 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, 4–5 mm long, ca. 1.5 mm wide, ribbed, glabrous. Pappus yellowish white; outer bristles 3–4 mm long, scabrid; inner bristles 14–18, plumose, 13–16 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea yui is currently known only from Muli County, southwestern Sichuan, China. It grows in grassy slopes, thickets or on rocks in Quercus forests at altitudes of (2800–) 3800–4200 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from September to October.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from the name of the famous Chinese collector and distinct taxonomist, T. T. Yu. Chinese name: ĞŐṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Sichuan: Muli County, Wachin, Jin-chang, on surface of rocks, 4100 m, 29 October 1937, T. T. Yu 14677 (A, PE); Muli County, Chenchang, in thickets and grassy slopes, 4200 m, 13 September 1983, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 14012 (PE); Muli County, Chenchang, in Quercus forests, 3800–4000 m, 13 September 1983, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 14011 (KUN); Muli County, near Ngerya, Lamachang, on the border of Chungtien, 2800 m, on open hillside, 30 August 1939, K. M. Feng 2863 (A, PE, KUN); Yanyuan County, Wodi, north slope of Huolu Shan, on rocks at forest margin, 4000 m, 29 July 2011, Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Bi 11-078 (PE).</p> <p>Discussion:— Saussurea yui belongs to S. subgen. Saussurea sect. Gymnocline because of its habit nearly stemless, leaves nearly entire and capitula solitary. An isotype specimen of S. yui in the Havard Univeristy Herbarium had been previously misidentified as S. superba Anthony (1934: 212) by Lipschitz. It is similar to S. superba in the habit, leaf shape and solitary capitula, but differs by its rhizome with blackish brown stout roots of even thickness (vs. roots uneven and slender), leaves glabrous and blade oblong to narrowly elliptic, midvein narrower (vs. densely villous, blade ovate-oblong, midvein distinct), and phyllaries in 5–6 series, sparsely pubescent or nearly glabrous, apex obtuse, margin green (vs. in 4–5 series, glabrous, apex acuminate, margin blackish brown), and inner pappus 13–16 mm long (vs. 15–18 mm long).</p> <p>In our molecular tree, S. yui is shown to be closely related to S. ciliaris Franchet (1888: 337), S. montana Anthony (1934: 208) and S. poochlamys Handel-Mazzetti (1925: 15). In fact, it is very similar to S. ciliaris in the habit, fibrous roots of even stout and phyllary shape and texture, but it differs by its receptacle densely covered with persistent and distinct bristles 6–7 mm long (vs. receptacle naked), phyllaries in 5–6 series (vs. in 4–5 series), and leaf blade 1–1.8 cm wide and margin usually obscurely toothed (vs. 0.3–1.2 cm wide, margin entire and revolute), phyllary apex obtuse (vs. acute), and inner pappus 13–16 mm long (vs. 12–13 mm long). A comparison of S. yui with related species is given in Table 8.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE73612B0D25FF04FB0EFF6EF27C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361280D23FF04F98BFC1FF0C5.text	9739CE7361280D23FF04F98BFC1FF0C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea gongriensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>10. Saussurea gongriensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 10)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Cona County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.966667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.8/lat 27.966667)">Gongri Xiang</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=91.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.966667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 91.8/lat 27.966667)">Rangcun</a>, 27°58 ʹ N, 91°48 ʹ E, on rocks beside forest in valley, 3420 m, 14 August 2013, FLPH Tibet Expedition 13-1160 (holotype PE; isotypes PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 4–10 cm tall. Caudex slender, usually branched at ground level, covered with fibrously lacerate remains of petioles. Stems 1–4, simple, erect, 1.2–2 mm in diameter, white arachnoid. Basal and lower stem leaves petiolate; petiole 0.7–2.5 cm long, ca. 1 mm wide, white arachnoid; leaf blade oblong to elliptic, 3.2–6.5 cm long, 0.7–1.6 cm wide, pinnately lobed; lateral lobes 5–8 pairs, semiorbicular, quadrangular, ovate, or subtriangular, margin mucronate-dentate, with 1–3 teeth, 2–8 mm long, 2–9 mm wide, apex acute and mucronate; leaf blade adaxially green, densely glandular scabrid, strigose, abaxially grayish white tomentose; midvein ca. 1 mm wide, narrowly winged. Middle and upper stem leaves 1–3, gradually smaller, shortly petiolate. Capitula solitary, terminal on stem. Involucre broadly campanulate, 1.5–1.8 cm in diameter, 1.7–1.8 cm high. Phyllaries in ca. 5 rows, white arachnoid pubescent, apex acute to acuminate; outermost phyllaries linear, 9–10 mm long, ca. 1.5 mm wide, apex green, acute, slightly patent or nearly appressed; middle phyllaries lanceolate, 13–15 mm long, 2–2.2 mm wide, apex green, acute, nearly appressed or slightly patent; innermost phyllaries ca. 15 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, apex purple, acuminate and appressed. Receptacle bristles yellowish white, subulate, 2–3 mm long. Corolla purple, ca. 15 mm long, tube 8–8.5 mm long, limb ca. 7 mm long, lobes ca. 3 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ca. 3 mm long, transversely rugose, glabrous, apex with a short crown. Pappus light brown; outer bristles scabrid, 3–4 mm long; inner bristles 13–15, plumose, 12–13 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea gongriensis occurs in the Cona County, southern Xizang, China. It grows on rocks beside forest in valley at an altitude of ca. 3420 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from its type locality, Gongri Xiang, a village in Cona County. Chinese name: ŃHṈLẄ.</p> <p>Discussion:—Our molecular tree has not shown closely related species to S. gongriensis. It is similar to S. leontodontoides (Candolle 1838: 539) Schultz Bipontinus (1846: 330) in its pinnately lobed leaves, leaf segments quadrangular, ovate, or subtriangular, margin dentate, mucronate toothed, leaf blade abaxially green, densely glandular scabrid, strigose, adaxially grayish white tomentose, achenes transversely rugose and pappus light brown, but differs by its caudex slender (vs. stout), petioles ca. 1 mm wide (vs. 3–5 mm wide), phyllaries white arachnoid pubescent (vs. glabrous), margin green (vs. purple), and innermost phyllaries apex purple (vs. similar to outer ones in color). A comparison of S. gongriensis with related species is given in Table 9.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361280D23FF04F98BFC1FF0C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE73612E0D21FF04F8EBFB2FF3E8.text	9739CE73612E0D21FF04F8EBFB2FF3E8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea minutiloba Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>11. Saussurea minutiloba Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 11)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Daocheng County, Wongtula Shan, mountain slope grassy region, 4000 m, 21 August 1937, T. T. Yu 12816 (holotype PE; isotypes KUN, PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 3–5 cm tall, caespitose. Caudex slender, usually numerously branched at ground level, covered with remains of petioles, often with several leaf rosettes and flowering shoots. Stems short, usually numerous, sparsely arachnoid. Rosette and basal leaves petiolate; petiole 1–2 cm long, ca. 1 mm wide, slender; leaf blade lanceolate, pinnatisect, 2.5–5 cm long, 3–7 mm wide, adaxially dark green, abaxially grayish white, densely arachnoid; lobe segments 6–13 pairs, ovate or triangular-ovate, 1.5–3 mm long, 1–2 mm wide, margin entire, apex acute and mucronate; midveins less than 0.5 mm wide, winged. Cauline leaves 1–3, petiolate, smaller than basal leaves. Capitula solitary, terminal on stem. Involucre campanulate, 1–1.5 cm in diameter. Phyllaries in ca. 4 rows, sparsely pilose; outer phyllaries narrowly linear, 8–10 mm long, 0.4–0.8 mm wide, apex acuminate; middle phyllaries lanceolate, 10–12 mm long and ca. 1–1.5 mm wide, apex acuminate; inner phyllaries linear-lanceolate, 12–13 mm long and ca. 1.4 mm wide, apex acuminate. Receptacle bristles 1–3 mm long. Corolla purplish-blue, 14–15 mm long, tube 6–7 mm long, limb 7–8 mm long, lobes 3–4 mm long. Anthers ca. 6 mm long, auricles with lacerate tails ca. 1 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ca. 3 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, glabrous, apex with a short truncate crown. Pappus brown; outer bristles 1.5–2.3 mm long, scabrid; inner bristles ca. 9 mm long, plumose.</p> <p>Figure 11. Saussurea minutiloba. A. Habit. B. Corolla with style and anthers. C. Phyllaries (from left to right, outer to inner series). D. Achene. E. Pappus. All from T. T.Yu 12816 (PE). Drawn by Mrs. P. Liu.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea minutiloba occurs in the southern Hengduan mountain (southwestern</p> <p>Sichuan and northwestern Yunnan). It grows on alpine sandy meadows or rocky slopes at altitudes of 4000–4400 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet reflects the small lobe segments of leaf blades of the new species. Chinese name: ṬṄṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Sichuan: Muli County, Tangyang Xiang, Buchang, 4150 m, on rocky slopes, 10 September 1983, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 13938 (KUN, PE); Muli County, Sanqu to Basong Pass, scree slopes, 4300 m, 14 September 1983, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 14783 (KUN, PE); Xiangcheng County, Rewu Xiang, Rechong, rocky slopes, 4400 m, 15 August 1981, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 4103 (CDBI, KUN, PE); Yunnan: Shangri-la County, Gezan Xiang, Hong Shan, 4200 m, 9 September 1998, Q. E. Yang &amp; H. Z. Kong 98-313 (PE).</p> <p>Discussion:— Saussurea minutiloba belongs to S. subgen. Saussurea sect. Strictae because of its pinnately lobed leaves and solitary capitula. It is similar to S. leontodontoides in its short stems and pinnately lobed leaves, but differs by its caudex usually numerously branched and slender (vs. few branched and stout), flowering stems numerous (vs. solitary to few), leaf segment ovate or triangular-ovate, margin entire (vs. elliptic, semiorbicular, quadrangular, ovate, or subtriangular, margin dentate and 1–2 teeth), involucre 1–1.5 cm in diameter (vs. 1.5–3 cm in diameter), phyllaries sparsely pilose (vs. glabrous), achenes ribbed and smooth (vs. slight transversely rugose), and inner pappus ca. 9 mm long (vs. 1–1.7 cm long). A comparison of S. minutiloba with related species is given in Table 9.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE73612E0D21FF04F8EBFB2FF3E8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE73612D0D20FF04FF0DFE9DF708.text	9739CE73612D0D20FF04FF0DFE9DF708.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea multiloba Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>12. Saussurea multiloba Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 12)</p> <p>Type:— China. Sichuan: Litang County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.183332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.916664/lat 30.183332)">Maoyaba</a> prairie, 30°11 ʹ N, 99°55 ʹ E, stony meadow, 4100 m, 22 August 2009, Y. S. Chen 9532 (holotype PE; isotype PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 4–6 cm tall, caespitose. Caudex stout, fibrously split, numerously branched at ground level. Stems (2–)4–7, very short, with 1–3 cauline leaves, grayish white, sparsely arachnoid-lanate to glabrescent. Leaves mostly rosulate; petiole 0.5–1 cm long; leaf blade lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 5–9 cm long, 4–11 mm wide, bipinnatisect, adaxially green and glandular scabrid, abaxially densely white arachnoid and glandular dotted along midveins; primary lobes 15–27-paired; ultimate lobes with obtuse apex. Capitula solitary in each rosette of leaves. Involucre broadly campanulate to campanulate, 1–1.5 cm in diameter, 1.5–1.9 cm high, with several entire and linear supporting leaves. Phyllaries in 5–6 rows, imbricate, abaxially sparsely arachnoid and especially dense in apex; outer and middle phyllaries triangular-oblong to oblong, 6.5–9 mm long, 2.5–3 mm wide, apex acute, green and usually reflexed; inner phyllaries linear, 15–16 mm long, 1.2–2 mm wide, apex acute and purple. Receptacle flat, densely covered with persistent yellowish white acerose bristles, 2–3 mm long. Florets numerous, corolla purple, 16–18 mm, tubular-funnelform, glabrous, tube 8–10 mm long, limb 7–8 mm long, lobes linear, ca. 4.8 mm long. Anthers dark purple, 6–7 mm long including tails, apical appendage acute, basal appendages obtuse, auricles with lacerate tails ca. 1 mm long. Achenes (immature) cylindroid, 2.2–2.6 mm long, ca. 0.8 mm wide, ribbed and transversely rugose, glabrous. Pappus straw-colored; outer bristles scabrid, 2–3 mm long; inner bristles plumose, ca. 13 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea multiloba is currently known only from Daocheng County and Litang County, western Sichuan. It grows on alpine sandy or stony meadows at altitudes of 3960–4100 m.</p> <p>Phenology: — Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet reflects numerous lobes of leaves of the new species. Chinese name: ØṄṈ LẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Sichuan: Daocheng County, north of Sandui and in front of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.10111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.214724" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.10111/lat 29.214724)">Sandui Monastery</a>, open areas in sandy soil, heavily grazed meadows over sandy soil and small, shallow, intermittent pools, 29°12 ʹ 53"N, 100°6 ʹ 4"E, 3960 m, 27 August 2006, D. E. Boufford et al. 37377 (A, KUN, PE, TI); Daocheng County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.2" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.1/lat 29.2)">Sangdui Xiang</a>, 29°12 ʹ N, 100°6 ʹ E, stony meadows beside Abies forests, 4000 m, 27 August 2009, Y. S. Chen 9630 (PE).</p> <p>Discussion:—No related species are shown to be close to S. multiloba in our molecular tree. S. multiloba belongs to S. subgen. Saussurea sect. Strictae because of its pinnately lobed leaves and solitary capitula. It is most similar to S. centiloba Handel-Mazzetti (1920: 144) in its bipinnatisect leaves and solitary capitula, but it differs by its stems 4–6 cm tall (vs. 10–50 cm tall), usually without cauline leaves (vs. with several cauline leaves), leaf blade linear or lanceolate, 5–9 cm long and 0.4–1.1 cm wide (vs. narrowly elliptic, 8–21 cm long and 1.3–4.5 cm wide), involucre 1–1.5 cm in diameter (vs. 1.5–2 cm in diameter), phyllary apex acuminate to acute (vs. obtuse or acute), and achenes ca. 2.6 mm long (vs. 4–5 mm long). It is also similar to S. lavrenkoana Lipschitz (1972: 532) in its fibrously split and branched caudex, bipinnatisect leaves, solitary capitula, involucre 1–1.5 cm in diameter, and phyllary apex acuminate to acute, but differs by its leaf blade lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 5–9 cm long (vs. narrowly elliptic-linear, 3.5–5 cm long), and achenes ca. 2.6 mm long (vs. ca. 4.5 mm long). A comparison of S. multiloba with related species is given in Table 10.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE73612D0D20FF04FF0DFE9DF708	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361220D2EFF04F95EFC75F4F4.text	9739CE7361220D2EFF04F95EFC75F4F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea pseudoeriostemon Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>13. Saussurea pseudoeriostemon Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 13)</p> <p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.95&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.166666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.95/lat 28.166666)">Type</a>:— CHINA. Xizang: Nyalam County, 28°10 ʹ N, 85°57 ʹ E, alpine meadows and dwarf thickets, 3900–4000 m, 9 September 2012, FLPH Tibet Expedition 12-0372 (holotype PE; isotype PE).</p> <p>Saussurea taraxacifolia var. glabrescens Kitamura ex K. Fujikawa &amp; H. Ohba in Ohba &amp; Fujikawa (2000: 221), syn. nov.</p> <p>Type:— NEPAL. Taplejung district: Topke Gola (3600 m)–Chodo Gyabo (4000 m), 20 August 1977, H. Kanai &amp; Y. Tateishi 770934 (holotype TI).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 25–35 cm tall. Caudex branched at ground level, covered with fibrously lacerate remains of petioles. Stems numerous, simple, erect, 2–3 mm in diameter, sparsely arachnoid in the upper part, glabrescent in the lower part. Basal and lower stem leaves petiolate; petiole 3–12 cm long, glabrous; leaf blade oblong to elliptic, 7–18 cm long, 1.5–4(–6.8) cm wide, runcinate-pinnately lobed; lateral lobes 6–11 pairs, triangular to semiorbicular, 5–30 mm long, 4–18 mm wide, margin mucronate-dentate, apex acute and mucronate; leaf blade adaxially green, subglabrous, abaxially grayish green, sparsely arachnoid to glabrescent. Middle and upper stem leaves 3–6, gradually smaller, sessile, semiamplexicaul. Capitula solitary, terminal on stem. Involucre broadly campanulate, 1.8–3 cm in diameter. Phyllaries in ca. 5 rows, white arachnoid pubescent, apex acute and usually patent; outer phyllaries triangular-ovate, 9–10 mm long, 3–4 mm wide; inner phyllaries 13–15 mm long, 2.2–2.5 mm wide. Receptacle bristles subulate, 7–8 mm long. Corolla purple, 16–18 mm long, tube 8–9 mm long, limb 8–9 mm long, lobes ca. 5 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ca. 4 mm long, ribbed, glabrous, apex with a short crown. Pappus light brown; outer bristles 3–4 mm long, scabrid; inner bristles 14–15 mm long, plumose.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat: — Saussurea pseudoeriostemon occurs in southern Xizang, China and eastern Nepal. It grows in alpine dwarf thickets and meadows at altitudes of 3600–4150 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from July to November.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet reflects the similarity of the new species to S. eriostemon Wallich ex Clarke (1876: 229). Chinese name: LJAEḂỆṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Xizang: Dinggyê County, Chentang Xiang, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.583336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.583336/lat 27.9)">Meinuhu</a>, 27°54 ʹ N, 87°35 ʹ E, forest margin, 4150 m, 15 July 2013, PE Tibet <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=87.583336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 87.583336/lat 27.9)">Expedition</a> 3503 (PE); Nyalam County, Quxiang, Deqingtang, in thickets, 3800 m, 30 August 1972, Xizang Chinese Medical Expedition 1643 (PE); Nyalam County, grassy slopes, 3600 m, 14 June 1966, Y. T. Zhang &amp; K. Y. Lang 4219 (PE); Nyalam County, alpine meadows, 3630 m, 11 November 2011, Y. S. Chen et al. 752 (PE); NEPAL. Taplejung district: Topke Gola (3600 m)— Chodo Gyabo (4000 m), 20 August 1977, H. Kanai &amp; Y. Tateishi 766198 (TI).</p> <p>Discussion:— Ohba &amp; Fujikawa (2000) previously published a glabrescent variety of S. taraxacifolia (Lindley ex Royle 1835: 251) Wallich ex Candolle (1838: 532) based on specimens from eastern Nepal. After comparing its type materials with the above Tibetan specimens, we find they are the same species. These specimens are quite different from S. taraxacifolia, and should be treated as a distinct species. It is similar to S. taraxacifolia in its runcinate-pinnately lobed leaves, and capitula solitary and size, but differs by its caudex numerously branched (vs. usually simple), middle and upper leaves sessile and semiamplexicaul at base (vs. attenuate at base), leaves abaxially grayish green, sparsely arachnoid to glabrescent (vs. grayish white, densely tomentose), and phyllary apex acute and patent (vs. acuminate and appressed).</p> <p>In our molecular tree, S. pseudoeriostemon is shown to be closely related to S. eriostemon. It is mostly close to S. eriostemon in habit, caudex usually branched, leaves runcinate-pinnately lobed and abaxially subglabrous, and capitula solitary and size, but differs by its caudex numerously branched (vs. simpe or few branched), middle and upper leaves base sessile and semiamplexicaul (vs. base attenuate), leaves abaxially grayish green, sparsely arachnoid to glabrescent (vs. pale green, subglabrous), phyllary apex acute and patent (vs. acute to acuminate, reflexed). A comparison of S. pseudoeriostemon with related species is given in Table 11.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361220D2EFF04F95EFC75F4F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361200D2BFF04F80AFB8FF050.text	9739CE7361200D2BFF04F80AFB8FF050.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea pseudolingulata Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>14. Saussurea pseudolingulata Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 14)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Muli County, Galuo, alpine meadows, 4000 m, 21 July 2007, Y. S. Chen 7117 (holotype PE; isotype PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 10–30 cm tall. Caudex unbranched or branched at ground level, densely covered with dark brown remains of petioles. Stems solitary or several, simple, light green, 1.5–4 mm in diameter, erect, sparsely white arachnoid tomentose to glabrescent. Basal leaves petiolate; petioles 1.5–4 cm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic, 5–11 cm long, 1–2 cm wide, runcinate pinnately lobed and margin obtusely dentate, adaxially green and glabrous, abaxially grayish white and densely arachnoid tomentose; lateral lobes 6–13 pairs, obliquely triangular, margin usually entire or with one small tooth, apex acute and mucronate; terminal lobe triangular, margin entire, apex acute. Stem leaves 2–4, sessile or subsessile, smaller and with fewer lobes as basal leaves; uppermost leaves linear, margin usually entire or nearly entire. Capitula solitary, on the top of the stem. Involucre campanulate, 1.5–1.7 cm in diameter, 1.8–2 mm high. Phyllaries in ca. 5 rows, blackish purple, sparsely pilose, apex long acuminate; outer and middle phyllaries linear to lanceolatelinear, 13–16 mm long, 1–1.5 mm wide; inner phyllaries linear, 18–20 mm long, 1–1.5 mm wide. Receptacle bristles acerose, 7–8 mm long. Corolla purple, 13–14 mm long, tube 7–8 mm long, limb ca. 6 mm long. Anthers ca. 9 mm long including tails; tails lanate, ca. 1.5 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, blackish, ca. 3.5 mm long, ribbed, glabrous. Pappus pale brown; outer bristles 3–3.5 mm long, scabrid; inner bristles 10–11 mm long, plumose.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea pseudolingulata occurs in Hengduan Mountain region in NW Yunnan, SW Sichuan and SE Xizang. It grows on thicket slopes or meadows at altitudes of 2800–4200 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from July to October.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet reflects the similarity of the new species to S. lingulata Franchet (1896: 423) from western Sichuan and NW Yunnan. Chinese name: LJṬǻṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Xizang: Zayü County, from Sangjiu to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=97.61667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.783333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 97.61667/lat 28.783333)">Ridong</a>, 28°47 ʹ N, 97°37 ʹ E, alpine meadows, 4110 m, 16 September 2012, FLPH Tibet <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=97.61667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.783333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 97.61667/lat 28.783333)">Expedition</a> 12-1375 (PE); Zayü County, Ridong, 4200 m, 13 July 2008, DLJ-ET 1974 (PE); Yunnan: Dali County, Cang Shan, Huadianba, meaodws, 15 June 1940, R. C. Ching 22956 (KUN, PE); Dêqên County, Dorkla, 3800–4100 m, rocky slopes, 1 August 1940, K. M. Feng 6247 (KUN); Dêqên County, Baima Shan, 4020 m, meadows, 27 July 1937, T. T. Yu 9214 (KUN, PE); Gongshan County, Salwin-Kiukiang divide, 3600 m, 20 August 1928, T. T. Yu 20806 (A, KUN, PE); Lijiang County, Yulong Shan, 6 August 1939, R. C. Ching 21134 (A, KUN, PE); Shangri-la County, Chiren, 3300 m, 24 July 1937, T. T. Yu 12404 (KUN, PE), Shangri-la County, Chiren, 3300 m, 15 October 1937, T. T. Yu 13710 (BM, KUN, PE); Shangri-la County, Xiajiuluo, 3400 m, in Larix forests, 16 August 1962, Zhongdian Expedition 919 (KUN, PE); Weixi County, Yezhi Xiang, 3600 m, August 1935, C. W. Wang 68623 (A, KUN, PE); Sichuan: Muli County, mount Konka, Konkaling, June–August 1928, J. F. Rock 16877 (E, GH); Yanyuan County, Huolu Shan, 3800 m, thickets and meadows, 24 July 1983, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 12379 (A, PE).</p> <p>Discussion:—In our molecular tree, S. pseudolingulata is shown to be weakly related to S. xianrendongensis. It is most similar to S. lingulata Franchet (1896: 423) in its leaf blade runcinate pinnately lobed (vs. usually lyrate pinnately lobed), lateral lobes 6–13 pairs (vs. 4–9 pairs), capitula always solitary (vs. usually 2–5, rarely 1), involucre 1.5–1.7 cm in diameter (vs. 1–1.5 cm in diameter), and phyllaries mostly linear, blackish purple and pilose (vs. mostly narrowly ovate-elliptic, green and glabrous). It is also similar to S. yunnanensis var. runcinata Franchet (1888: 340) in its habit, leaf blade runcinate pinnately lobed, leaves abaxially grayish white arachnoid tomentose, capitula solitary, and phyllaries apex long acuminate, but differs by its leaves with lobes in 6–13 pairs (vs. 0–7 pairs), and phyllaries mostly linear, blackish purple and pilose (vs. triangular-subulate to elliptic, green to purple, and more or less white lanate). A comparison of S. pseudolingulata with related taxa is given in Table 12.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361200D2BFF04F80AFB8FF050	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361270D2AFF04FF0DFAADF5F0.text	9739CE7361270D2AFF04FF0DFAADF5F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea xianrendongensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>15. Saussurea xianrendongensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 15)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Yunnan: Shangri-la County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.65&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.65/lat 27.766666)">Xianrendong</a>, 27°46 ʹ N, 99°39 ʹ E, rocky slopes in a small valley, 3400 m, 23 August 2010, Kham Expedition 10-2675 (holotype PE; isotypes PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 20–40 cm tall. Caudex branched, fibrously split. Stems usually several, erect, simple, base covered with fibrous petiole remains. Basal and lower stem leaves petiolate; petiole 2–5 cm long; leaf blade linear, 12–20 cm long, 0.6–1 cm wide, margin with 1–3 pairs of runcinate distinct teeth; teeth linear or obliquely narrowly triangular, reclinate; blade adaxially green, glabrous, apex acute to acuminate, abaxially grayish white arachnoid tomentose; terminal lobe linear. Middle and upper stem leaves gradually smaller upward on stem, 2.5–14 cm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide, margin entire, apex acuminate. Capitula solitary, terminal on stem. Involucre campanulate, 1.5–2 cm in diameter. Phyllaries in ca. 5 rows, linear, subequal, apex green and acute; outer phyllaries 16–18 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, white pubescent, apex patent; middle phyllaries 16–18 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, white pubescent, apex patent; inner phyllaries 16–17 mm long, 1–2 mm wide, apex appressed. Receptacle bristles 6–8 mm long. Corolla purple, ca. 12 mm long, tube 6–7 mm long, limb 5–6 mm long, lobes ca. 3 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ca. 3.4 mm long, ribbed, glabrous. Pappus light brown; outer bristles ca. 3 mm long, scabrid; inner bristles ca. 11 mm long, plumose.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea xianrendongensis is currently only known from its type locality. It grows in rocky slopes in a small valley at an altitude of 3400 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from its type locality, Xianrendong. Chinese name: IJλÑṈLẄ.</p> <p>Discussion:— Saussurea xianrendongensis belongs to S. subgen. Saussurea sect. Strictae because of its pinnately lobed leaves and solitary capitula. It is similar to S. yunnanensis var. runcinata Franchet (1888: 340) in the habit, linear leaves, leaves abaxially grayish white arachnoid tomentose, capitula size, subequal phyllaries, phyllaries apex acuminate, but differs by its leaf blade always linear (vs. elliptic, narrowly elliptic, or linear), phyllaries apex acute and patent (vs. caudate acuminate and appressed).</p> <p>In our molecular tree, S. xianrendongensis is shown to be weakly related to S. pseudolingulata. It is similar to S. pseudolingulata in its runcinate pinnately lobed or toothed leaves, leaves abaxially grayish white arachnoid tomentose, capitula solitary, and phyllaries green, but differs by its leaf blade linear, less than 1 cm wide, teeth 1–3 pairs (vs. narrowly elliptic, 1–2 cm wide, lobes 6–13 pairs), and phyllaries green, apex acute and patent (vs. blackish purple, apex acuminate and appressed). A comparison of S. xianrendongensis with related taxa is given is Table 12.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361270D2AFF04FF0DFAADF5F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361270D28FF04FB51FC23F378.text	9739CE7361270D28FF04FB51FC23F378.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea nyingchiensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>16. Saussurea nyingchiensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 16)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Nyingchi County, the pass of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=94.65&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.616667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 94.65/lat 29.616667)">Sejila Shan</a>, alpine meadows, 29°37 ʹ N, 94°39 ʹ E, 4570 m, 10 August 2009, Y. S. Chen &amp; Z. H. Wang 9395 (holotype PE; isotypes PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, nearly stemless, rosulate, caespitose. Caudex elongate, thick, fibrous, branched at ground level. Flowering stems several, erect, simple, base with several vegetative shoots and enclosed with numerous withered dark brown leaves of previous years. Rosulate leaves shortly petiolate or subsessile; leaf blade lanceolate to oblong, 2–8 cm long, 3–8.5 mm wide, pinnatisect, with 7–17 paired lobes, lobes ovate-triangular to quadrangular, mucronate, margin with 1–2 teeth, adaxial surface green, glabrous, with conspicuous midrib, abaxial surface densely white-tomentose, with conspicuous midvein; lobes transversely oblong, broadly ovate or triangular, 2–3 mm long, usually with 2 irregular teeth, each tooth with a mucron, apex acute and mucronate. Capitula solitary, in center of leaf rosette. Involucre broadly campanulate, 1–1.8 cm in diameter, 1.5–2.3 cm high. Phyllaries in ca. 5 rows, imbricate, abaxial surface sparsely arachnoid; outer phyllaries triangular-ovate to ovate, 7–9 mm long, 3.5–3.8 mm wide, coriaceous, purplish-brown, apex acute and reflexed; inner phyllaries lanceolate, 13–18 mm long, 1.8–3.5 mm wide, base coriaceous, light brown, apex acute and reflexed. Receptacle convex, bristles 3–5 mm long. Corolla purple, 18–20 mm long, bright bluish purple; tube 11–13 mm long; limb 5–7 mm long; lobes 3–4 mm long, reflexed at flowering. Anthers sagitatte, ca. 6 mm long (including tails); tails lacerate, ca. 1 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ribbed, glabrous, sometimes rugulose, 3–3.5 mm long, with pericarpal crown on rim. Pappus light brown; outer pappus bristles caducous, scabrid, 3–4 mm long; inner pappus bristles 21–25, plumose, persistent, 13–14 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea nyingchiensis is currently known only from Nyingchi, Xizang, China. It grows in alpine meadows at altitudes of 3700–4700 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from its type locality, Nyingchi County. Chinese name: ẆẐṈLẄ. Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Xizang: Nyingchi County, Sejila Shan, alpine meadows,</p> <p>4400 m, 17 September 1980, Z. C. Ni et al. 1713 (PE); Nyingchi County, the pass of Sejila Shan, alpine meadows, 4450 m, 17 September 1980, Plateau Group 15669 (PE); Nyingchi County, west slopes of Sejila Shan, 3700 m, 2 August 1975, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 751141 (HNWP, PE).</p> <p>Discussion:—No species are shown to be closely related to S. nyingchiensis in our molecular tree. It is very similar to S. rolwalingensis Fujikawa &amp; Ohba (2007: 328) in its nearly stemless and caespitose habit, leaf blade lanceolate or oblong and pinnatisect, capitula solitary, but differs by its leaf lobes ovate-triangular to quadrangular, margin with 1–2 teeth (vs. oblong, broadly ovate or triangular, with 2–4 irregular teeth), capitula 1–1.8 cm in diameter (vs. 0.5–1 cm in diameter), and outer pappus scabrid (vs. plumose). It is also similar to S. polystichoides Hooker (1881: 369) in its leaf blade pinnatisect, capitula solitary, midvein less than 1 mm wide, outer pappus scabrid, but differs by its caudex robust (vs. slender), leaf segments ovate-triangular to quadrangular, margin with 1–2 teeth (vs. quadrangular, margin denticulate, with 5–9 teeth), and phyllary apex reflexed (vs. inner ones appressed, outermost ones patent). A comparison of S. nyingchiensis with related species is given in Table 13.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361270D28FF04FB51FC23F378	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361250D16FF04FAF0FE9DF0C0.text	9739CE7361250D16FF04FAF0FE9DF0C0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea zayuensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>17. Saussurea zayuensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 17)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Zayü County, the pass of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=97.61667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.783333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 97.61667/lat 28.783333)">Sangjiu</a> to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=97.61667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.783333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 97.61667/lat 28.783333)">Ridong</a>, in moss on rocky slopes, 28°47 ʹ N, 97°37 ʹ E, 3660 m, 16 September 2012, FLPH Tibet Expedition 12-1349 (holotype PE; isotypes PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 10–16 cm tall, shortly stemmed, usually caespitose. Caudex stout, usually branched at ground level, covered with remains of petioles. Stems several, unbranched or branched, purplish, sparsely arachnoid tomentose to glabrescent. Rosette leaves petiolate; petiole 2–3 cm long; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, pinnately lobed, 4–11 cm long, 0.5–2 cm wide, adaxially dull green, glabrous, abaxially grayish white to light green, shortly tomentose, margin coarsely toothed, apex obtuse and mucronate; lateral lobes 4–8 pairs, ovate or semiorbicular, apex mucronate. Capitula solitary or 2–5 in racemose corymbiform synflorescence, in center of leaf rosette; peduncles distinct, 2–6 cm long, purplish, sparsely arachnoid tomentose to glabrescent. Involucre campanulate, 10–15 mm in diameter, 12–15 mm high. Phyllaries in ca. 5 rows, apex and margin blackish, villous; outer and middle phyllaries narrowly ovate-elliptic, 7–13 mm long, 2–3 mm wide, apex acuminate; inner phyllaries linear, 12–13 mm long, 1–1.8 mm wide, apex acuminate. Receptacle bristles to 4–4.5 mm long. Corolla purple, 13–15 mm long, tube 7–8 mm long, limb ca. 6–7 mm long, lobes ca. 3 mm long. Anthers ca. 7 mm long including tails; tails lanate, ca. 1 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ca. 3 mm long, ribbed. Pappus pale brown; outer bristles ca. 3 mm long, scabrid; inner bristles 11–12 mm long, plumose.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea zayuensis is currently known only from Zayü County, southeastern Xizang. It grows in moss on rocky slopes at altitudes of 3660–4000 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from its type locality, Zayü County. Chinese name: ḄḆṈLẄ. Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Xizang: Zayü County, the pass of Sangjiu to Ridong,</p> <p>3660 m, 16 September 2012, FLPH Tibet Expedition 12-1373 (PE); same locality, meadows, 4000 m, 16 September 2012, FLPH Tibet Expedition 12-1348 (PE).</p> <p>Discussion:—No species are shown to be closely related to S. zayuensis in our molecular tree. It is similar to S. retroserrata Chen et al. (1981: 97) in its habit, pinnately lobed leaves, capitula size and number, phyllaries blackish purple, and pappus pale brown, but differs by its stems 10–16 cm tall (vs. 30–40 cm tall), leaf blade pinnately lobed (vs. retrorsely serrate to retrorsely pinnately lobed), and phyllary apex patent (vs. reflexed). It is also similar to S. ceterach Handel-Mazzetti (1938: 323) in its pinnately lobed leaves and nearly rosulate habit, but differs by its stems 10–16 cm tall (vs. 2–2.5 cm tall), capitula 1–5 on one stem (vs. solitary), phyllaries villous (vs. pubescent) and phyllary apex patent (vs. mostly appressed, outer ones reflexed). A comparison of S. zayuensis with its related species is given in Table 14.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361250D16FF04FAF0FE9DF0C0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE73611B0D14FF04FB99FC0FF290.text	9739CE73611B0D14FF04FB99FC0FF290.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea chinduensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>18. Saussurea chinduensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 18)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Qinghai: Chindu County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=97.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.133335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 97.46667/lat 33.133335)">Xiewu Xiang</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=97.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.133335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 97.46667/lat 33.133335)">Anbala Shan</a> pass, alpine grassy slopes or Salix thickets, 33°08 ʹ N, 97°28 ʹ E, 4380–4450 m, 30 July 2010, Kham Expedition 10-0931 (holotype PE; isotypes PE).</p> <p>Saussurea eopygmaea auct.: Liu (1996: 465), p. p., non Handel-Mazzetti (1937: 650).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 10–50 cm tall, more or less caespitose. Caudex branched at ground level, apically covered with brown remains of leaf sheaths, sterile leaf rosettes and flowering stems. Stems erect, simple, densely white lanate. Basal leaves sessile, linear, 5–14 cm long, 2–3 mm wide, adaxially light green, sparsely pilose, abaxially densely white lanate and with a conspicuous midvein, base somewhat widened, sheathing stem, and densely lanate, margin revolute, apex acute to acuminate. Stem leaves few, shorter. Capitula 3–10, sessile or shortly pedunculate, terminal on stem in dense corymbiform synflorescence. Involucre campanulate, 4–6 mm in diameter and 1.6–1.8 cm high. Phyllaries in 4–5 rows, blackish, densely white villous, apex acuminate and appressed; outer phyllaries narrowly elliptic, 12–15 mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide; middle phyllaries narrowly elliptic, 12–15 mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide; inner phyllaries linear, ca. 15 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide. Corolla purplish blue, ca. 12 mm long, tube ca. 6 mm long, limb ca. 6 mm long, lobes ca. 4 mm long. Anthers purplish black, ca. 7 mm long including tails; tails lanate, ca. 2 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ca. 3.5 mm long, glabrous, ribbed. Pappus in two series; outer pappus scabrid, whitish, 1.8–2 mm long; inner pappus plumose, dark brown, ca. 10 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat: — Saussurea chinduensis is currently known from southern Qinghai, China. It grows on sandy grassy slopes, thickets, forest margin or rocky slopes at altitudes of 3550–4500 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from July to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from the type locality, Chindu County, Qinghai Province, China. Chinese name: ŨØṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Qinghai: Chindu County, valley northeast of Yushu, on the road between Madoi and Yushu, steeper slopes, 3850 m, 14 August 1996, T. N. Ho et al. 1780 (BM, E, GH, PE); Nangqên County, Beca Xiang, along the Ba Qu towards the Tibet border from Beca forest station, forest margin, 3790 m, 8 September 1996, T. N. Ho et al. 2994 (BM, E, GH, PE); Nangqên County, Kanda Xia, the gorge leading east from the Za Qu on road from Nangqen to Yushu, shrubby slopes, 3650 m, 4 September 1996, T. N. Ho et al. 2871 (BM, E, GH, PE); Nangqên County, Jinisai Xiang, rocky slopes, 4450–4500 m, 15 July 1965, Y. C. Yang 1160 (PE); Yushu County, Anchong, in thickets and meadows, 4000 m, 12 August 1964, Y. C. Yang 625 (HNWP, PE, WUK); Yushu County, southwest of Machang, in a side valley on south of Baitang He basin, rock outcrops in sun and shade, 4000 m, 20 August 1996, T. N. Ho et al. 2132 (BM, GH, PE); Yushu County, south of road between Yushu and Gyairong, 3850–3950 m, 19 August 1996, T. N. Ho et al. 2091 (BM, E, PE); Yushu County, Xiao Surmang, between Jerikug and the Tibet border, west side of valley with grazed meadows, 3550–3650 m, 24 August 1996, T. N. Ho et al. 2336 (BM, E, GH, PE).</p> <p>Discussion:—When studying Asteraceae specimens from Qinghai collected by T. N. Ho, we found some specimens that were identified as S. eopygmaea Handel-Mazzetti (1937: 650). However, we understood that S. eopygmaea is a synonym of S. brunneopilosa Handel-Mazzetti (1937: 651), which has been widely accepted (Lipschitz 1979; Shi &amp; Jin 1999; Shi &amp; Raab-Straube 2011). We have checked both type material of the above taxa, and agree that S. eopygmaea is a synonym of S. brunneopilosa. The above T. N. Ho ʹ s specimens are very similar to S. brunneopilosa in their habit and linear grasslike leaves, but distinctly different by their numerous smaller capitula. Are they a variety or just a form of S. brunneopilosa? In 2010, we have chance to take an expedition to southern Qinghai and successfully collected this kind of specimens. After comparison with S. brunneopilosa and other related taxa, we believe these specimens represent an undescribed new species.</p> <p>Saussurea chinduensis belongs to S. subgen. Saussurea sect. Lagurostemon (Cassini 1828: 466) Candolle (1838: 532) because its leaf blade entire, linear and grsslike, root and caudex not fibrously split. Our molecular tree shows S. chinduensis is closely related to S. brunneopilosa. In fact, S. chinduensis is similar to S. brunneopilosa, S. pseudograminea Wang et al. (2014: 4) and S. pubescens Chen et al. (1981: 95) in its habit and linear grasslike leaves. Saussurea chinduensis differs from the above related species by its capitula 3–10, involucre 4–6 mm in diameter, phyllaries apex appressed, corolla purplish blue, and inner pappus dark brown. Saussurea brunneopilosa is different by its capitula solitary, involucre ca. 2 cm in diameter, phyllaries apically purple, densely brown and white villous, outer phyllaries apically usually reflexed, apex long acuminate, corolla purple to pink, and pappus yellowish brown; S. pubescens is different by its capitula 1–3, phyllaries densely brown villous, outer phyllaries green, narrowly ovate, apically reflexed, corolla dark pink, achenes densely white villous, and pappus pale brown; S. pseudograminea is different by its capitula 2–3, involucre 7–12 mm in diameter, phyllaries densely to sparsely sericeous-villous, phyllaries apex long acuminate and reflexed, pappus pale yellowish brown, corolla purple, and pappus pale yellowish brown. A comparison of S. chinduensis with related species is given in Table 15.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE73611B0D14FF04FB99FC0FF290	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361190D12FF04F9A8FE52F290.text	9739CE7361190D12FF04F9A8FE52F290.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea dulongjiangensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>19. Saussurea dulongjiangensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 19)</p> <p>Type.— CHINA. Yunnan: Gongshan County, east side of the pass to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.450554&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.771666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.450554/lat 27.771666)">Dulongjiang Xiang</a>, 27°46 ʹ 18 ʺ N, 98°27 ʹ 2 ʺ E, in thickets with Rhododendron and bamboo, 3670 m, 5 October 2002, Gaoligong shan Biodiversity Survery 17014 (holotype KUN; isotypes CAS, E).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 10–15 cm tall. Caudex usually branched at ground level, brown, ca. 5 cm long, covered with withered remains of petioles, with many rootlets. Stems usually several, simple, white tomentose, ca. 2 mm in diameter, capitula much taller than basal leaves. Basal leaves rosette, sessile, leaf blade linear, 5–9 cm long, 3–4 mm wide, adaxially green and glabrous, abaxially grayish white, densely tomentose, margin entire, apex acute; stem leaves 6–10, similar to basal leaves in shape but usually smaller in size, base semiamplexicaul, margin entire. Synflorescence hemispheric, 3–3.5 cm in diameter. Capitula 5–11, densely congested, terminal on stem; peduncles 2–6 mm long. Involucre campanulate, 5–6 mm in diameter. Phyllaries in 4–5 rows, base brown, apex purplish black, abaxially villous, apex acuminate; outer phyllaries triangular-ovate, 7–8 mm long, 3–4 mm wide; inner phyllaries oblong-ovate, ca. 7 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide. Receptacle bristles 5–6 mm long. Corolla purple, ca. 7 mm long, tube ca. 3.5 mm long, limb ca. 3.5 mm long, lobes ca. 1.5 mm long. Anthers ca. 6 mm long including tails; tails lacerate, 1.3–1.4 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ca. 3.2 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide. Pappus dirty blackish brown; outer pappus scabrid, 2–2.5 mm long; inner pappus plumose, ca. 5.5 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea dulongjiangensis is currently only known from Gongshan County, northwestern Yunnan, China. It grows on alpine meadows or thickets at altitudes of 3400–3700 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to October.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from the type locality, Dulongjiang Xiang. Chinese name: üżữ ṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Yunnan: Gongshan County, pass between Gongshan to Dulongjiang, alpine meadows, 3400–3600 m, 29 July 2013, X. H. Jin et al. ST1223 (PE).</p> <p>Discussion:— Saussurea dulongjiangensis belongs to S. subgen. Saussurea sect. Lagurostemon because its leaf blade entire, linear and grasslike, root and caudex not fibrously split. Our molecular tree shows S. dulongjiangensis is closely related to S. pseudorockii Chen (2014b: 145), which also occurs in Gongshan County, Yunnan. It is similar to S. pseudorockii in its linear and grassy leaves, and phyllary apex acuminate, but differs by its distinct stem (vs. nearly stemless), leaf blade 5–9 cm long and 3–4 mm wide (vs. 10–22 cm long and 4–6 mm wide), involucre 5–6 mm in diameter (vs. 15–25 mm in diameter), capitula 5–11 (vs. solitary), pappus dirty blackish brown (vs. yellowish white), and inner pappus ca. 5.5 mm long (vs. 15–18 mm long).</p> <p>Saussurea dulongjiangensis is similar to S. delavayi Franchet (1888: 355) in its linear and entire leaves and congested synflorescence on the top of the stem, but differs by its capitula 5–11 (vs. 10–37), uppermost stem leaves not spreading stellately around synflorescence (vs. uppermost stem leaves spreading stellately around synflorescence), involucre 5–6 mm in diameter (vs. 8–12 mm in diameter). It is also similar to S. rockii Anthony (1934: 211) in its habit and linear leaves, but differs by its capitula 5–11 (vs. solitary), involucre 5–6 mm in diameter (vs. 15–20 mm in diameter), inner pappus ca. 5.5 mm long (vs. 7–10 mm long), leaf margin entire (vs. usually denticulate), stem much higher than basal leaves (vs. usually not higher than basal leaves). A comparison of S. dulongjiangensis with related species is given in Table 16.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361190D12FF04F9A8FE52F290	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE73611F0D10FF04F9F6FC65F3C4.text	9739CE73611F0D10FF04F9F6FC65F3C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea pseudoyunnanensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>20. Saussurea pseudoyunnanensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 20)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Yunnan: Shangri-la County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.083334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.51667/lat 28.083334)">Nixi Xiang</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.083334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.51667/lat 28.083334)">Yagong</a> snow <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.083334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.51667/lat 28.083334)">Mountain</a>, 28°05 ʹ N, 99°31 ʹ E, on mossy rocky slopes in Quercus forests, 3740–4100 m, 30 August 2010, Kham Expedition 10-3032 (holotype PE; isotypes PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 20–40(–60) cm tall. Caudex usually branched at ground level, with numerous fibrous lacerate residue of old leaves. Stems several, erect, simple, sparsely white arachoid to glabrescent. Leaves mostly basal; basal and lower stem leaves petiolate; petiole 1.5–3 cm, glabrous; leaf blade linear, 5–19(–22) cm long, 3.5–13 mm wide, margin mostly entire, rarely with a few obscure teeth at lower part, adaxially green, glabrous, abaxially grayish white, arachnoid tomentose, apex acute. Middle and upper stem leaves 2–3, gradually smaller upward on stem. Capitula solitary, terminal on stem. Involucre broadly campanulate, 1.3–1.8 cm in diameter and 1.4–1.6 cm high. Phyllaries in ca. 5 rows, apex acute, blackish purple; outer phyllaries triangular-oblong, ca. 12 mm long, 2–3 mm wide, white lanate, apex patent; middle phyllaries narrowly elliptic, 12–13 mm long, ca. 3 mm wide, white lanate, apex patent; inner phyllaries linear, 13–15 mm long, 1.8–2.5 mm wide, apex acuminate, appressed and lanate. Receptacle bristles 5–8 mm long. Corolla purple, 15–16 mm long, tube 7–8 mm long, limb ca. 8 mm long, lobes 4–5 mm long, linear. Anthers blackish, ca. 8 mm long including tails, apical appendage acute, auricles with lacerate tails ca. 1.5 mm long; style branches ca. 2.2 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, black, ca. 4.5 mm long, ribbed, glabrous, apex with a denticulate crown. Pappus light brown; outer bristles 3–5 mm long, scabrid; inner bristles 11–12 mm long, plumose.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea pseudoyunnanensis is currently only known from two localities in northwestern Yunnan and southeastern Xizang, China. It grows on rocks or grassy slopes along forest margin at altitudes of 3350–4100 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet reflects the similarity of the new species to S. yunnanensis Franchet (1888: 340). Chinese name: LJĀṀṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Yunnan: Chungtien (= Shangri-la County), Baoschi, 3400 m, 17 August 1915, Handel-Mazzetti 7699 (K).</p> <p>Discussion:—No species are shown to be closely related to S. pseudoyunnanensis in our molecular tree. However, a very similar specimen (FLPH Tibet Expedition 12-2118) in PE from southeastern Xizang is shown to be closely related to S. leptolepis Handel-Mazzeti (1938: 337).</p> <p>Saussurea pseudoyunnanensis is similar to S. yunnanensis Franchet (1888: 340) in habit, leaf shape and size and capitula size, but differs by its leaves always linear (vs. elliptic, narrowly elliptic or linear), phyllaries apex acute and patent (vs. long acuminate and appressed), and pappus light brown (vs. dirty white). It is similar to S. leptolepis in habit and narrow leaves, but differs by its stems 20–60 cm tall (vs. 2–21 cm tall), leaf blade 5–19(–22) cm long (vs. 3–6 cm long), and phyllaries white lanate, apex acute and patent (vs. sparsely pubescent, apex acuminate and appressed). A comparison of S. pseudoyunnanensis with related species is given in Table 17.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE73611F0D10FF04F9F6FC65F3C4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE73611D0D1EFF04FADFFB18F3B0.text	9739CE73611D0D1EFF04FADFFB18F3B0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea yanyuanensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>21. Saussurea yanyuanensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 21)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Yanyuan County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.61667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.61667/lat 27.9)">Wodi Xiang</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.61667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.61667/lat 27.9)">Huolu Shan</a>, alpine scree, 27°54 ʹ N, 101°37 ʹ E, 4170 m, 29 July 2011, Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Bi 11-075 (holotype PE; isotype PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, to 23 cm tall, caespitose. Caudex stout, dark brown, usually branched at ground level, covered with remains of petioles, often with several leaf rosettes and flowering shoots. Stems erect, simple, 4–6 mm in diameter, with dense white manicate hairs. Leaves grasslike, sessile, blade linear, adaxially light green, sparsely white pilose to glabrescent, abaxially with dense white manicate hairs, basally widened and sheathing stem, apex acute, margin revolute and entire or rarely fewly toothed at the base part, lower leaves 7–13 cm long, 3–9 mm wide, upper leaves smaller, 2–6 cm long, 3–5 mm wide. Capitula solitary, terminal on stem. Involucre subglobose, 2–2.5 cm in diameter, 1.8–2 cm high. Phyllaries in 5–6 rows, imbricate, dark brown, coriaceous; outermost ones densely white pilose, triangular-oblong, ca. 1.8 cm long, basal part broad, ca. 5 mm wide, apex acute; inner ones densely villous, ovate to oblong, 13–15 mm long, 3.8–6 mm wide, margin entire, apex acute; innermost ones densely pilose in the upper part, glabrous in the lower part, linear-oblong, ca. 14 mm long, ca. 2.5 mm wide. Receptacle densely bristly, bristles 7–9 mm long, persistent. Florets numerous, bisexual, fertile, corolla tubular-funnelform, dark purple, glabrous, tube ca. 7 mm long, limb ca. 5 mm long, throat ca. 1 mm in diameter, lobes ca. 4 mm long. Anthers blackish, ca. 5.4 mm long, apical appendage acute, basal appendages obtuse, auricles with lacerate tails ca. 1.5 mm long; style branches ca. 1.7 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ca. 4.6 mm long, ca. 1.4 mm wide, glabrous, brown, with ca. 10 distinct ribs; apex with conspicuous denticulate crown; base truncate. Pappus grayish brown; outer bristles scabrid, 3–4 mm long; inner bristles 15–18, plumose, 11–17 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea yanyuanensis is currently known only from Yanyuan County, southwestern Sichuan. It grows in alpine scree slopes or grassy slope at altitudes of 3900–4200 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from July to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from its type locality, Yanyuan County. Chinese name: ÄDZṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Sichuan: Yanyuan County, Wodi, Huolu Shan, grassy slope, 3900–4200 m, 23 July 1983, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 12299 (KUN, PE).</p> <p>Discussion:—No species are shown to be closely related to S. yanyuanensis in our molecular tree. It is similar to S. loriformis Smith (1913: 114) and S. brunneopilosa Handel-Mazzetti (1937: 651) in its linear and grasslike leaves, caespitose habit and solitary capitula. However, it is different from these species by its broader leaves, phyllaries densely white pilose, phyllary apex acute and patent, achenes larger and pappus grayish brown. Comparing with S. yanyuanensis, S. loriformis is distinct by its leaf apex obtuse, phyllary apex long acuminate, apically usually reflexed, and pappus white; S. brunneopilosa is distinct by its stem slender and ca. 3 mm in diameter, leaf blade ca. 1 mm wide, phyllaries densely brown and white villous, phyllary apex long acuminate, apically usually reflexed, and pappus yellowish brown. A comparison of S. yanyuanensis and related species is given in Table 18.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE73611D0D1EFF04FADFFB18F3B0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361130D1CFF04FAD6FDEFF258.text	9739CE7361130D1CFF04FAD6FDEFF258.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea sobarocephaloides Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>22. Saussurea sobarocephaloides Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 22)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Leibo County, grassy slope, 3000 m, 14 August 1934, T. T. Yu 3752 (holotype PE00454194; isotype PE)</p> <p>Herbs perennial, to 80 cm tall. Caudex branched or simple, ascending, with numerous fibrous lacerate residue of old leaves. Stems erect, simple but branched in upper part, 5–7 mm in diameter, densely yellowish white villous and glandular hairy. Leaves sessile, blade oblong to oblong-ovate, both surfaces sparsely white puberulent, base decurrent to stem-wing, apex acute, margin denticulate, lower leaves 16–18.5 cm long, 4.5–5.5 cm wide, upper leaves smaller, 7–9 cm long, 3.5–4.2 cm wide. Capitula usually 4–10, in loose corymbs; peduncles 5–16 cm long, densely yellowish white villous and glandular hairy. Involucre hemispheric, 2.5–3 cm in diameter, 2.5–3 cm high. Phyllaries in 5–6 rows, imbricate, brownish, coriaceous; outermost ones densely hairy, ca. 1.8 cm long, basal part coriaceous, broad, ca. 3 mm wide, upper part leafy, narrow and linear, 1–1.5 mm wide; inner ones sparesly hairy to nearly glabrous, ovate to oblong, 13–15 mm long, 4–4.5 mm wide, margin entire and dark purplish, apex obtuse; innermost ones glabrous, linear-oblong, 18–20 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide. Receptacle densely bristly, bristles yellowish, 6–8 mm long, persistent. Florets numerous, bisexual, fertile, corolla tubular-funnelform, ca. 17 mm long, purplish red to dark purple, glabrous, tube ca. 10 mm long, limb ca. 7 mm long, throat ca. 1 mm in diameter, lobes ca. 4 mm long. Anthers ca. 8 mm long, apical appendage acute, basal appendages obtuse, auricles with lacerate tails ca. 2 mm long. Style ca. 2 cm long, branches ca. 4 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ca. 5 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, glabrous, brown, with 5–7 distinct ribs, apex with conspicuous denticulate crown, base truncate. Pappus pale brown; outer bristles 3–4 mm long, scabrid; inner bristles 15–18, ca. 14 mm long, plumose.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea sobarocephaloides occurs in southern Sichuan and northeastern Yunnan. It grows in grassy slopes, meadows or thickets at altitudes of 2800–3700 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from July to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet reflects the similarity of the new species to S. sobarocephala Diels (1905: 108). Chinese name: LJṞĂṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Sichuan: Meigu County, Huangmaogeng, thickets and meadows, 3200 m, 30 July 1976, Sichuan Vegetation Expedition 13298 (CDBI, PE); Hongya County, Hongya Forest Platation, top of Tuanbao Shan, in meadows, 2800 m, 20 July 1994, W. K. Bao 3200 (CDBI); Yunnan: Dongchuan County, Yinmin Xiang, Shanfengkou, meadows, 3700 m, 28 July 1985, S. B. Lan 488 (PE).</p> <p>Discussion:—In our molecular tree, S. sobarocephaloides is shown to be rather closely related to S. woodiana Hemsley (1892: 312). It is somewhat similar to S. woodiana in its leaves densely hairy on both surfaces, petioles winged, capitula size, phyllaries in 5–6 rows and densely villous, pappus pale brown, but differs by its distinct stems to 80 cm tall (vs. plants nearly stemless or shortly stemmed), capitula 4–10, in loose corymbs (vs. usually 1, sometimes 2–3), phyllary apex obtuse (vs. long acuminate), inner pappus ca. 14 mm long (vs. ca. 22 mm long).</p> <p>Saussurea sobarocephaloides is most similar to S. sobarocephala Diels (1905: 108) in its habit, sessile leaves, capitula size, and phyllaries and pappus color, but differs by its stems and peduncles densely yellowish-white villous and glandular hairy (vs. sparsely arachnoid pubescent), leaf blade larger in size, both surfaces sparsely white puberulent (vs. smaller in size, both surfaces glabrous), and stem wings usually entire (vs. usually toothed). Saussurea sobarocephaloides occurs in southern Sichuan and northeastern Yunnan, whereas S. sobarocephala occurs in northern Sichuan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Hebei.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361130D1CFF04FAD6FDEFF258	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361110D1AFF04FC39FD87F050.text	9739CE7361110D1AFF04FC39FD87F050.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea shuiluoensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>23. Saussurea shuiluoensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 23)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Muli County, hills behind Shuiluo village, in wet thickets along stream side, 2350–2850 m, 14 October 1959, S. G. Wu 3467 (holotype KUN; isotypes CDBI, PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, to 50 cm tall. Stems erect, 5–6 mm in diameter, glandular-dotted, narrowly winged, apically paniculately corymbiform branched. Leaves petiolate, papery, mature leaf blade ovate to narrowly ovate-elliptic, 7–14 cm long, 2.5–7.5 cm wide, adaxially green, glabrous, abaxially sparsely white arachnoid, glabrescent when old, margin dentate and mucronulate, apex acute to acuminate, base slightly cordate or rounded, decurrent into stems forming wings; wings entire or toothed. Petioles winged, 1.5–3 cm long; wings toothed or entire. Upper stem leaves narrowly elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, gradually smaller apically on stem. Capitula numerous, paniculate, in sparse corymbs at the end of branchlets or stems. Involucre campanulate, 8–9 mm in diameter. Phyllaries in ca. 6 rows, imbricate, margin entire and purplish; outer phyllaries triangular-ovate, 5–6 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, leathery, sparsely pubescent, apex acuminate and reflexed; the second and third series of phyllaries oblong, sparsely pubescent, apex acuminate and reflexed; inner phyllaries oblong, sparsely pubescent, ca. 9 mm long, 1–1.2 mm wide, apex obtuse, appressed. Receptacle flat, densely covered with persistent white bristles, bristles acerose, ca. 5 mm long. Florets 20–25, corolla purple, ca. 11 mm long, tubular-funnelform, glabrous, tube ca. 4 mm long, limb ca. 7 mm long, lobes ca. 2 mm long. Anthers dark purple, ca. 5 mm long, apical appendage acute, basal appendages obtuse, auricles with lacerate tails ca. 1 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ca. 3 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, glabrous, longitudinally striate. Pappus light brown; outer bristles ca. 3 mm long, scabrid; inner bristles 8–9 mm long, plumose.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea shuiluoensis is currently known only from Muli County, southwestern Sichuan, China. It grows in thickets along stream side at altitudes of 2350–2850 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from September to October.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from the locality name of Shuiluo, a village in Muli County. Chinese name: ḳȁṈLẄ.</p> <p>Discussion:—In our molecular tree, S. shuiluoensis is shown to be weakly related to S. yangii Y. S. Chen. It belongs to S. subgen. Saussurea sect. Saussurea because of the well-developed and not scapiform stem, capitula numerous and less than 1 cm in diameter, and the lacerate anther tails. It is somewhat similar to S. peduncularis Franchet (1888: 357) in habit, stem and petioles winged, leaves glabrous or subglabrous, capitula size and paniculate synflorescence, but differs by its leaf base slightly cordate or rounded (vs. cuneate-attenuate), phyllaries usually narrower (vs. broader), outer and middle phyllaries apex acuminate, reflexed, sparsely pubescent (vs. acute to obtuse, appressed, sparsely arachnoid).</p> <p>Saussurea shuiluoensis is also similar to S. alatipes Hemsley (1892: 308) in its leaf blade ovate to narrowly ovate-elliptic, base cordate to rounded, stems and petioles winged, corymbiform paniculate synflorescence, and outer phyllaries apex acuminate and reflexed, but differs by its stems winged (vs. unwinged), leaf blade abaxially sparsely white arachnoid, glabrescent when old (vs. grayish to greenish white, gland-dotted and densely tomentose), petioles narrowly winged (vs. broadly winged), and pappus light brown (vs. white). A comparison of S. shuiluoensis with related species is given in Table 19.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361110D1AFF04FC39FD87F050	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361170D19FF04FC69FF5AF074.text	9739CE7361170D19FF04FC69FF5AF074.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea jiulongensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>24. Saussurea jiulongensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 24)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Jiulong County, Yangfanggou, in forest along the river, 2650 m, 14 October 2007, Y. S. Chen 7551 (holotype PE; isotype PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, to 90 cm tall. Rhizomes ascending, unbranched, with many dark brown small roots. Stem solitary, erect, ca. 4 mm in diameter, nearly glabrous, winged, longitudinally striate, apically paniculately branched. Leaves petiolate, papery; lower leaf blade elliptic, 8–16(–20) cm long, 3.5–5.5(–7.2) cm wide, both surfaces green, glabrous, but with sparse short glandular hairs, margin undulate dentate to shallowly pinnatifid, mucronate, apex acute to acuminate, base slightly cordate, decurrent into stems forming wings. Petioles winged, 4–12 cm long, base wider, auriculate and semiamplexicaul; wings entire. Upper stem leaves narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, gradually smaller apically on stem, base attenuate, petioles much shorter. Capitula numerous, paniculate, in sparse corymbs at the end of branchlets or stems. Involucre campanulate, 4–5 mm in diameter. Phyllaries in ca. 5 rows, imbricate, margin entire, green to brown; outer phyllaries triangular-ovate, ca. 2 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, leathery, pubescent, apex acute to obtuse; middle series of phyllaries longer, linear-oblong, pubescent, apex acute to acuminate; inner phyllaries linear-lanceolate, pubescent, apex acute to acuminate, 9.5–11 mm long, 1–1.2 mm wide. Receptacle flat, densely covered with persistent white bristles, bristles spine-like, 4–6 mm long. Florets 15–20, corolla purple, ca. 9.5 mm long, tubular-funnelform, glabrous, tube ca. 3.5 mm long, limb ca. 6 mm long, lobes ca. 3 mm long. Anthers ca. 8 mm long, apical appendage acute, basal appendages obtuse, auricles with lacerate tails ca. 1.8 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, ca. 2.5 mm long, ca. 0.8 mm wide, glabrous, ribbed. Pappus light brown; outer bristles scabrid, ca. 2 mm long; inner bristles 14–16, plumose, ca. 9 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea jiulongensis is currently known only from Jiulong County and Yanyuan County, southwestern Sichuan, China. It grows in forests or thickets at altitudes of 2650–3320 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to October.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from its type locality, Jiulong County. Chinese name: AżṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Sichuan: Yanyuan County, Wodi, Huolu Shan, in Pinus forests, 3320 m, 29 July 2011, Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Bi 11-073 (PE); Yanyuan County, Wodi, Huolu Shan, in thickets, 2900 m, 28 July 2011, Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Bi 11-063 (PE).</p> <p>Discussion:— Saussurea jiulongensis belongs to S. subgen. Saussurea sect. Saussurea because of its well-developed stems, roots not fibrously split, leaves evenly arranged along the stem, capitula numerous and in sparse corymbs, anther tails lacerate. In our molecular tree, S. jiulongensis is shown to be closely related to S. pseudojiulongensis, S. pteridophylla Handel-Mazzetti (1936: 1149) and S. undulata Handel-Mazzetti (1936: 1147), these species share characters in winged petioles and leaves base decurrent along stem to form distinct wings, capitula shape, size and arrangement. It is different from S. pteridophylla by its leaf margin undulate-dentate to shallowly pinnatifid, mucronate (vs. pinnately lobed to pinnatisect, lateral lobes 6–10 pairs), petioles of lower leaves 4–12 cm long (vs. less than 2.5 cm long).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361170D19FF04FC69FF5AF074	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE7361150D07FF04FF0DFDE5F55C.text	9739CE7361150D07FF04FF0DFDE5F55C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea pseudojiulongensis Y. S. Chen 2015	<div><p>25. Saussurea pseudojiulongensis Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 25)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Muli County, 913 forest farm, Zaweigou, in forests beside streams, 2500 m, 23 August 1983, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 13287 (holotype PE; isotypes KUN, PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, to 60 cm tall. Rhizomes ascending, unbranched, with many dark brown small roots. Stem solitary, erect, ca. 2 mm in diameter, glabrous, apically paniculately branched. Leaves petiolate, papery; lower leaf blade elliptic, (3.5–) 5–9.8 cm long, 1.2–3.6 cm wide, both surfaces glabrous, but adaxially with sparse short glandular hairs, adaxially green, abaxially sometimes reddish purple, margin undulate dentate to nearly entire, tipped with short spines, apex acuminate, base slightly cordate, truncate or rounded; petioles 2–6.5 cm long. Upper stem leaves narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, gradually smaller apically on stem, base attenuate, petioles much shorter to nearly sessile. Capitula numerous, paniculate, in sparse corymbs at the end of branchlets or stems. Involucre campanulate, 4–5 mm in diameter, ca. 1 cm high. Phyllaries in ca. 5 rows, imbricate, margin entire and purple; outer phyllaries triangular-ovate, ca. 2 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, leathery, arachnoid pubescent, apex acute; middle series of phyllaries longer, linear-oblong, sparsely pubescent, but more dense along margin, apex obtuse; inner phyllaries linear-lanceolate, sparsely pubescent, apex obtuse, 8–8.5 mm long, ca. 1.2 mm wide. Receptacle flat, naked. Corolla light purple, ca. 9.5 mm long, tubular-funnelform, glabrous, tube ca. 2.5–3 mm long, limb ca. 5–6 mm long, lobes ca. 3 mm long. Anthers ca. 5 mm long, apical appendage acute, basal appendages obtuse, auricles with lacerate tails ca. 1.8 mm long. Immature achenes cylindroid, glabrous, ca. 1 mm long. Pappus yellowish white; outer bristles scabrid, 2–3 mm long; inner bristles plumose, ca. 8 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea pseudojiulongensis is currently known only from Muli County, southwestern Sichuan. It grows in mountain forests or forests beside streams at altitudes of 2500–4300 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to October.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet reflects the similarity of the new species to S. jiulongensis. Chinese name: LJ AżṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Sichuan: Muli County, Tangyang Xiang, Buchang, in Pinus densata forests, 4300 m, 12 September 1983, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 13946 (KUN, PE).</p> <p>Discussion:— Saussurea pseudojiulongensis belongs to S. subgen. Saussurea sect. Saussurea because of its well-developed stem, roots not fibrously split, leaves evenly arranged along the stem, capitula numerous and in sparse corymbs, and anther tails lacerate. In our molecular tree, S. pseudojiulongensis is shown to be closely related to S. jiulongensis. It is similar to S. jiulongensis in its habit, leaf shape, capitula size and arrangement, but differs by its petioles and stems not winged (vs. winged).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE7361150D07FF04FF0DFDE5F55C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
9739CE73610A0D05FF04FB3DFB26F0C0.text	9739CE73610A0D05FF04FB3DFB26F0C0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Saussurea yangii Y. S. Chen. It 2015	<div><p>26. Saussurea yangii Y. S. Chen, sp. nov. (Fig. 26)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Yunnan: Shangri-la County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.65&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.65/lat 27.766666)">Xianrendong</a>, in thickets of valley, 27°46 ʹ N, 99°39 ʹ E, 3400 m, 24 August 2010, Kham Expedition 10-2656 (holotype PE; isotype PE).</p> <p>Herbs perennial, 15–27 cm tall. Rhizome black, with numerous fibrous roots. Stems erect, apically branched, sparsely glandular pilose. Leaves green and gland-dotted, lyrately pinnate, lobes 4–8 pairs, ovate to triangular-ovate, margin with a few tooth, apex mucronate. Lower stem leaves petiolate; petiole 3–4.5 cm long, densely or sparsely glandular pilose, unwinged, base enlarged; leaf blade narrowly ovate-elliptic, 4–12.5 cm long, 2–4.5 cm wide, both surfaces green, adaxially sparsely gland-dotted and glabrous, abaxially sparsely gland-dotted, but densely gland-dotted along veins, base subcordate to truncate, apex acute. Middle and upper stem leaves with winged petiole to sessile, gradually smaller upward on stem, base auriculate and semiamplexicaul. Capitula 4–15 in a clustered corymbiform synflorescence at end of branches, shortly pedunculate or sessile. Involucre cylindroid to narrowly campanulate, 5–10 mm in diameter. Phyllaries in 5–6 rows, straw-colored, leathery, densely villous, apex obtuse to acute; outer phyllaries ovate, 3–4 mm long, 2.5–3 mm wide; middle phyllaries narrowly ovate, 6–8 mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide, apex acute to obtuse; inner phyllaries linear, 10–12 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide. Receptacle bristles 3–5 mm long. Corolla light blue, 14–15 mm long, tube 6–7 mm long, limb 6–7 mm long, lobes 3–3.5 mm long. Anthers blue, 7–8 mm long including tails; tails lacerate, ca. 1.4 mm long. Achenes cylindroid, light brown, ca. 2.5 mm long, glabrous. Pappus dirty white; outer bristles scabrid, 2–4 mm long; inner bristles plumose, 10–11 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Saussurea yangii is currently known only from Shangri-la County, northwestern Yunnan, China. It grows in thickets of valley at altitudes of 3300–3400 m.</p> <p>Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from August to September.</p> <p>Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from the name of its earlier collector, Prof. Q. E. Yang. Chinese name: AEĹṈLẄ.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Yunnan: Shangri-la County, between Shangri-la Botanical Garden and the city, in valley, 27°53 ʹ 43 ʺ N, 99°39 ʹ 50 ʺ E, 3350 m, 18 August 2010, Q. E. Yang &amp; H. H. Kong 3018 (IBSC).</p> <p>Discussion:— Saussurea yangii belongs to S. subgen. Saussurea sect. Saussurea because of its well-developed stemd, roots not fibrously split, leaves evenly arranged along the stem, capitula numerous and in sparse corymbs, anther tails lacerate. It is similar to S. semiamplexicaulis Lipschitz (1972: 528) in the habit, leaf base auriculate and semiamplexicaul, capitula in a clustered corymbiform synflorescence, involucre cylindroid to narrowly campanulate, 5–10 mm in diameter, and pappus dirty white, but differs by its phyllaries densely villous (vs. glabrous), leaf blade lyrately pinnate (vs. margin dentate), and corolla light blue (vs. purple). Our molecular tree shows that S. pteridophylla, S. jiulongensis and S. vestitiformis Handel-Mazzetti (1937: 643) are weakly related to S. yangii.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9739CE73610A0D05FF04FB3DFB26F0C0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Chen, You-Sheng;Yuan, Qian	Chen, You-Sheng, Yuan, Qian (2015): Twenty-six new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions. Phytotaxa 213 (3): 159-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.213.3.1
