taxonID	type	description	language	source
906C87C3FFE9671DFF4545B4EDAC6507.taxon	description	(Figs 1 - 4)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFE9671DFF4545B4EDAC6507.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head and mesosoma orange; legs black with tarsi white; forewing with apex and cell 2 Cu black; head shining with large punctures; mesoscutum with strong transverse carinae; hind coxa smooth, shining. Female: Length, 9.5 mm; forewing length, 9.0 mm; ovipositor length 9.5 mm. Color: Head orange; mesosoma orange with spot on mesosternum, metapleuron, and propodeum black, mesopleuron darkened; legs black with tarsi white. Ovipositor sheath with white band near apex. Wings hyaline with apex and cell 2 Cu of forewing black (Fig. 4), veins and stigma black. Head: Antennal length 2.4 X head width. Inner margins of eyes subparallel, upper and lower interocular distances subequal; lower interocular distance slightly less, 0.9 X, eye height (Fig. 1). Malar space 0.2 X eye height. From above, narrowing behind eyes; distance behind eyes about 0.6 X eye length (Fig. 2). Shining, punctures far apart on vertex and frons, separated by flat, shining interspaces greater than puncture diameters. Gena without punctures except for indistinct row adjacent to outer orbits. Mesosoma: Propleuron smooth and shiny, with few fine punctures. Mesoscutum with coarse transverse carinae, about 10 - 12 on mesoscutal middle lobe; notauli meeting separately on transscutal articulation (Fig. 3); axillae smooth; mesoscutellum with coarse transverse carinae; axillula with fine diagonal carinae (Fig. 3). Pronotum with diagonal scrobiculate band, anteroventrally shining, posterodorsally shining with few large punctures in dorsoposterior corner; mesopleuron mostly scrobiculate dorsoposteriorly, with some large punctures anteroventrally; metapleuron mostly with large closely set punctures; propodeum with large, closely set punctures; sharp carina circles dorsal and lateral margins of metasomal insertion. Forewing with Rs + M between cells 1 M and 1 Rs long. Hind basitarsus about 1.2 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Hind coxa smooth, shining, about 2.0 X longer than broad, with diagonal ovipositor guide at center. Metasoma: Smooth, shining, with fine white pubescence from posterior third of segment 3 to apex, pubescence on segments 5 to apex densest. Ovipositor 1.2 X forewing length. Male: Length, 11.0 mm; forewing length, 10.0 mm. Color and structure similar to female. Types: Holotype: female, labeled “ Est. Las Pailas, P. N. Rincon de la Vieja, Prov. Guana, Costa Rica, 800 m, 17 - 23 Jul 1993, K. Taylor, LN 306300 _ 388600 # 2238 ” and bar code label “ Costa Rica INBIO CRI 001 133241. ” (INBio) (“ Guana ” = Guanacaste). Paratypes: COSTA RICA: Est. Pitilla, 700 m, 9 km S Sta. Cecilia, P. N. Guanacaste, Prov. Guan., 18 abr a 9 may 1993, C. Moraga, L-N- 330200, 380200 and bar code label “ Costa Rica INBIO CRI 001 357439 (1 ♂, INBio); Guan., 3 km SE R. Naranjo, 1 - 15 May 1992, F. D. Parker (1 ♀, USU); same data except 24 - 31 Mar 1992 (1 ♂, USU).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFE9671DFF4545B4EDAC6507.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin, maculosus, meaning spotted, referring to the black forewing cell 2 Cu.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFE9671DFF4545B4EDAC6507.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The female and male are identical in color and structure except that the males are slightly larger than the females. The distinctive wing maculation is unique to this species.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEA671BFEF94189EEF56548.taxon	description	(Figs 5 - 10)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEA671BFEF94189EEF56548.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Yellow orange with brownish marks; forewing with apex black; head shining with large, separated punctures, strongly narrowing behind eyes; mesonotum shining with large separated punctures, without carinae; hind coxa smooth and shining. Female: Length, 6.0 mm; forewing length, 4.0 mm; ovipositor length, 9.0 mm. Color: Entirely yellowish with darker more brownish areas on antenna, apical halves of metasomal segments, tibiae, and dorsum of mesosoma. Wings hyaline with apex of forewing black (Fig. 8); veins and stigma black. Head: Antennal length nearly 3.0 X head width. Eyes in front view slightly converging below, lower intraocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space 0.2 X eye height (Fig. 5). Eyes large, close to posterior margin of head in lateral view (Fig. 7). Head in dorsal view, short and strongly narrowing behind eyes; length behind eyes about 0.3 X eye length (Fig. 6). Shining, punctate, almost glabrous with short setae arising from punctures; vertex and gena with widely scattered punctures, separated by flat shining interspaces several times diameter of a puncture; punctures denser on lower half of frons, separated by ridges or flat, shining interspaces mostly less than diameter of a puncture (Figs 5 - 7). Mesosoma: Shining, smooth, glabrous, mostly punctate with short setae arising from punctures. Propleuron shining, small punctures posteriorly. Mesoscutum rounded anteriorly, with punctures separated by flat, shining interspaces equal to or about 2 X puncture diameter on mesoscutal middle lobe, less dense and separated by several times puncture diameter on lateral lobes, dense and separated by about diameter of a puncture on mesoscutellum; axilla almost impunctate; notauli distinct and meeting posteriorly before reaching transscutal articulation (Fig. 9). Pronotum with lower half almost impunctate, upper half with scattered punctures and strigate at center; mesepisternum, metapleuron, and propodeum evenly closely punctate with punctures separated by shining interspaces (Fig. 10). Hind coxa shining, without sculpture; short, about as long as broad, with indistinct ovipositor guide near apex. Hind basitarsus 1.3 X longer than remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with veins 2 r-m and 3 r-m faint. Metasoma: Shining, impunctate; pubescence sparse on segments 6 to apex. Ovipositor about 2.2 X length of forewing. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEA671BFEF94189EEF56548.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, labeled “ Colombia, Magdalena PNN Tayroma Giaraca, 11 20 ' N, 72 2 ' W, 5 m, Malaise, 2 / 22 / 01 – 3 / 5 / 01, R. Henriquez, leg, M. 1350 ” (HUM). Specimens examined: Two female paratypes in addition to holotype. COLOMBIA: Magdalena PNN Tayroma Neguanje, 11 20 " N, 72 2 ' W, 10 m, Malaise, 3 / 21 / 91 – 4 / 5 / 91, R. Henriquez, leg, M. 1482 (HUM). COSTA RICA: S. Rosa Park, Guan., 12 May 78, D. H. Janzen, Dry Hill (AEI).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEA671BFEF94189EEF56548.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This species and A. elongatus are the only Aulacus species with large punctures on the head and mesosoma; there is no reticulate or carinate sculpture. The two may be separated in the preceding key.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEC671AFEF94150EFD36737.taxon	description	(Figs 11 - 13)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEC671AFEF94150EFD36737.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Orange; antenna and ovipositor sheath each black with white central band; legs brown, tarsi white; forewing black at apex; head shining with shallow separated punctures; mesoscutum with prominent transverse carinae; hind coxa with some punctures and fine cross striations. Female: Length, 8.2 mm; forewing length 7.0 mm; ovipositor length 6.8 mm. Color: Entirely orange. Antenna and ovipositor sheath both with white band. Forewing hyaline with apical black spot, veins and stigma black. Head: Antennal length 2.6 X head width. Inner margins of eyes subparallel, lower interocular distance equal eye height (Fig. 11); malar space 0.3 X eye height. In dorsal view, head narrowing behind eyes, about 0.6 X eye length (Fig. 12). Shining, with fine white pubescence; gena and vertex punctate, punctures separated by flat shining interspaces about 2 X puncture diameters (Fig. 12); frons with similar punctures, but punctures smaller (Fig. 11). Mesosoma: Propleuron smooth, shining, impunctate, few small punctures on venter. Mesoscutal middle lobe with widely spaced transverse carinae; mesoscutal lateral lobes, axillae, and lateral portions of mesoscutellum reticulate; center of mesoscutellum with transversely directed sculpture (Fig. 13); notauli meeting transscutal articulation separately (Fig. 13). Pronotum shining, anteroventral third smooth, posterodorsal two-thirds reticulate; mesopleuron with upper third of mesepisternum and mesepimeron smooth, shining, lower two-thirds mesepisternum reticulate, mesosternum reticulate, lower two-thirds mesepimeron finely reticulate; metapleuron upper half smooth, shining, lower half reticulate; propodeum reticulate. Hind coxa shining, with punctures, 2 X longer than broad. Hind basitarsus subequal to remaining tarsal segments combined. Metasoma: Smooth, shining, segments 4 to apex with white pubescence. Ovipositor length 1.1 X forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEC671AFEF94150EFD36737.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, labeled “ Mexico: Veracruz, Est. Biol. de Los Tuxtlas, 18 ° 35 ' N, 95 ° 05 ' W, 2 - V- 1991, H. A. Hespenheide (USNM).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEC671AFEF94150EFD36737.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Vrom the Latin fascia, meaning banded, referring the white-banded antenna.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEC671AFEF94150EFD36737.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This is the only known species of Aulacus in this region to have both the antenna and ovipositor sheath with a central white band.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEE6718FEF945B4ED3C652B.taxon	description	(Figs 14 - 17)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEE6718FEF945B4ED3C652B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Orange with propodeum and antenna black; forewing apex black; head shining with shallow punctures; mesonotum finely punctate with transverse carinae. Female: Length, 14.0 mm; forewing length, 10.2 mm; ovipositor length 14.0 mm. Color: Orange with antennal flagellum brownish and mesosternum and propodeum black; metasoma with first segment except base and segments 4 to apex brownish. Mid- and hind coxae and hind legs brownish, hind tarsus white. Ovipositor sheath missing, black at base. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black; forewing with black spot at apex. Head: Antennal length (12 segments present) 2.5 X head width. Inner margins of eyes subparallel, lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 14). Head from above straight behind eyes for short distance, then narrowing, distance behind eyes 0.7 X eye length (Fig. 15). Vertex and frons with widely scattered punctures, separated by flat shining interspaces two or more times puncture diameters; punctures less dense on gena (Figs 14, 15). Mesosoma: Propleuron shining, without sculpture. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae; notauli meeting posteriorly at about the transscutal articulation (Fig. 15); axilla smooth; mesoscutellum with transverse carinae at center, more reticulate at side; pronotum smooth, shining with diagonal band of carinae; mesopleuron with mesepisternum finely punctate on upper third, coarsely reticulate on lower two-thirds, mesepimeron smooth and shining anteriorly, with carinae posteriorly, mesosternum reticulate; metapleuron with large smooth, shining spot on upper third, reticulate on lower two-thirds; propodeum shining, few transverse carinae dorsally, reticulate laterally and on venter (Figs 16, 17). Hind coxa smooth and shining, 2 X longer than broad. Hind basitarsus 1.1 X longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Metasoma: Smooth, shining, with fine white pubescence on segments 4 to apex. Ovipositor length 1.4 X forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEE6718FEF945B4ED3C652B.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, labeled “ Mexico: Veracruz, 10 June 1965, G. N. Ross, ” “ G. N. Ross Colln., MGCL Accession # 2006 - 20 ” (FSCA).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEE6718FEF945B4ED3C652B.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Based on the State of Veracruz, Mexico; a noun in apposition.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEE6718FEF945B4ED3C652B.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The large size (14 mm), orange coloration and smooth, unsculptured hind coxae should distinguish this species. The size is rather large for an Aulacus species.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEF6706FF4541B4EEFA620F.taxon	description	(Figs 18 - 21)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEF6706FF4541B4EEFA620F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Entirely black, only tarsi mostly whitish; forewing apex black. Head shining, no discernable punctures; mesoscutum shining, with coarse transverse carinae which are stronger posteriorly, but few punctures. Hind coxa smooth, shining. Female: Length, 11.0 mm; forewing length, 9.0 mm; ovipositor length 13.0 mm. Color: Black. Tarsi mostly whitish. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black; apex of forewing black. Ovipositor sheath with white band. Head: Antennal length 3.3 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 18). In dorsal view, narrowing behind eyes, about 0.6 X eye length (Fig. 19). Head smooth and shining with fine white pubescence, pubescence densest in lower inner orbits and malar area; gena and vertex practically impunctate; frons punctate, punctures almost contiguous (Figs 18, 19). Mesosoma: Propleuron smooth, shining, almost impunctate. Mesoscutal middle lobe with few punctures and transverse carinae; mesoscutal lateral lobes shining, inner margins with transverse carinae; notauli meeting posteriorly anterior to transscutal articulation (Fig. 21); axillae punctate; mesoscutellum punctate with few transverse carinae at center; pronotum finely punctate with anterior margin, diagonal line, and line perpendicular to diagonal line reticulate; mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum mostly reticulate with posterior margin of mesopleuron narrowly scrobiculate (Figs 20, 21). Hind coxa smooth and shining, 2.1 X longer than broad; diagonal ovipositor groove at center on inner surface. Hind basitarsus 1.1 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Metasoma: Smooth, shining, with fine white pubescence on segments 6 to apex. Ovipositor length 1.4 X forewing length. Male: Length, 12.5 mm; forewing length, 10.5 mm. Color and structure similar to female. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ Fca. Cafrosa, 1300 m, Est. Las Mellizas, P. Intgernac. La Amistad, Prov. Punt., Costa Rica, M. Ramirez, Jun 1991, L-S- 316100, 596100 ” and “ Costa Rica INBIO CRI 000 604300 ” (INBio) (Fca. ” = Finca). Paratype: COSTA RICA: Puntarenas: Monteverde, 18 - 24 July 1990, coll. G. C. Snelling (1 ♂, LACM). Other specimen: Costa Rica, Prov. Puntarenas, Monte Verde area, 13 - 1700 m, 10 ° 18 ' N, 84 ° 48 ' W, 4 - 9. vi- 1983, F. T. Hovore (1 ♀, CHAH).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEF6706FF4541B4EEFA620F.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Named for Costa Rica, the country of collection.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFEF6706FF4541B4EEFA620F.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The holotype and paratype have most of the hind tarsus white. The other specimen has the hind tarsus black, and I prefer not to include it in the type series although all other features are identical to the types.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF16705FF454691EC606702.taxon	description	(Figs 22 - 25)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF16705FF454691EC606702.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head and mesosoma orange, propleuron black; head shining without sculpture; tarsi white. Female: Unknown. Male: Length, 6.0 mm; forewing length 5.0 mm. Color: Head and mesosoma orange with blackish spot behind ocelli; propleuron, coxae, hind legs except white hind tarsus; and metasomal tergites blackish. Forewing hyaline with apical margin black; stigma and veins dark orange to brown. Head: Antennal length 3.3 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 22). From above head long and gradually narrowing behind eyes, head behind eyes subequal to eye length (Fig. 23). Vertex and frons shining, without sculpture (Figs 22, 23). Mesosoma: Propleuron smooth, shining. Mesoscutum reticulate with wavy transversely directed sculpture; notauli meeting separately on transscutal articulation (Fig. 25); axilla and mesoscutellum reticulate. Pronotum smooth shining except several arced carinae at center; mesopleuron with mesepisternum smooth and shining above, very coarse reticulations at center, mesosternum finely reticulate, mesepimeron with widely spaced cross carinae; metapleuron smooth and shining above, below with large, coarse reticulations; propodeum coarsely reticulate (Figs 24, 25). Hind coxa smooth and shining, 2.1 X longer than broad. Hind basitarsus 1.1 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Metasoma: Smooth, shining, without pubescence.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF16705FF454691EC606702.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, “ Costa Rica, Prov. Heredia, 11 km ESE La Lirgen, 10 21 ' N, 84 03 ' W, 250 - 350 m, 3 / M / 16 / 096, 18. iv. 2004, INBio-OET-transect ” (USNM).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF16705FF454691EC606702.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Named for Heredia, the province in Costa Rica where this species was collected; a noun in apposition.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF16705FF454691EC606702.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This is a small, orange, smooth and shining species and is therefore not likely to be the male of one of the described females in this family.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF36703FF4545B4ED276410.taxon	description	(Figs 26 - 29)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF36703FF4545B4ED276410.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head red; mesosoma black; forewing apex black. Hind strongly shining, extremely lengthened behind eyes. Mesosoma shining with only large, widely separated punctures; hind coxa smooth, shining. Female: Length, holotype 11.5 mm, paratype 7.5 mm; forewing length, holotype 8.5 mm, paratype 5.5 mm; ovipositor length holotype 9.0 mm, paratype 6.0 mm. Color: Antenna black, scape orange. Head orange, apex of mandible black. Mesosoma black. Legs with coxae and trochanters black; fore- and mid femora with basal half blackish, apical half orange, hind femur black; fore- and midtibiae orange brown, hind tibia with basal fifth white, apical four-fifths black; tarsi whitish. Metasoma black, first segment dark brown on sides. Ovipositor sheath black with white band. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black; forewing with black spot at apex. Head: Antennal length 2.5 X head width. Lower interocular distance 0.8 X eye height, inner margins of eyes slightly converging below; malar space 0.2 X eye height (Fig. 26). From above, straight and long behind eyes, length of head behind eyes in dorsal view almost subequal to slightly longer than eye length (Fig. 27); in lateral view, eye far removed from posterior margin of head (Fig. 28). Vertex and gena shining, with large, widely scattered punctures, interspaces several times diameter of punctures; frons shining with punctures denser than on vertex, separated by interspaces about or slightly more than puncture diameters (Figs 26 - 28). Mesosoma: Propleuron smooth, shining, impunctate. Mesoscutum and axilla shining with large punctures separated by shining interspaces more than puncture diameters; notauli indistinct, but meeting separately on transscutal articulation (Fig. 29); mesoscutellum with 5 or 6 transverse carinae, with small punctures between carinae (Fig. 29); pronotum shiny, smooth with few punctures, with narrow scrobiculate diagonal band; mesopleuron with upper anterior corner of mesepisternum shining, fine punctures on most of rest of mesepisternum except lower mesepisternum coarsely reticulate, mesepimeron smooth, shining, with narrow scrobiculate band on posterior margin; metapleuron shining, smooth on upper half, finely reticulate on lower half; propodeum reticulate. Mesepisternum more densely pubescent than rest of pleura. Hind coxa smooth and shining, about 2.0 X longer than broad. Hind basitarsus 1.2 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Metasoma: Segments 5 or 6 to apex with fine white pubescence. Ovipositor sheath about 1.1 X forewing length. Male: Unknown. Types: Holotype: Female labeled “ Panama: Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Is., 9 10 ' N, 79 50 ' W, " “ 30 - V- 1977, H. A. Hespenheide, ” “ Sloanea TF, SM 4 - 5. ” (LACM). Paratype: COSTA RICA: S. Rosa Park, Guan., 13 Jun 77, D. H. Janzen, Dry Hill (1 ♀, AEI).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF36703FF4545B4ED276410.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The name refers to the unusually long head of this species.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF36703FF4545B4ED276410.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Aulacus elongatus and A. ochreus are the only known two species with large punctures on both the head and mesosoma. In A. elongatus, the head is unusually long behind the eyes (Figs 27, 28), whereas in A. ochreus, the head is very short behind the eyes (Figs 5, 7). Also A. elongatus is a red and black species in contrast to the entirely orange A. ochreus.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF46701FEF940BFEA2562E4.taxon	description	(Figs 30 - 33)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF46701FEF940BFEA2562E4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Black, dorsum of mesosoma orange; apex of forewing black. Head shining with scattered fine punctures. Mesoscutum with coarse transverse carinae. Hind coxa short, with cross striations laterally. Female: Length, 6.5 mm; forewing length 5.5 mm; ovipositor length, 5.5 mm. Color: Antenna black with scape and pedicel orange. Head and mesonotum orange, rest of mesosoma black; fore- and midleg coxae, trochanters, and femora black, tibiae and tarsi white; hind leg black with basal quarter of tibia and all tarsus white. Metasoma black with white band on second segment. Ovipositor sheath with white band. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black; forewing with faint black spot under stigma and spot at apex black. Head: Antennal length 2.5 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space 0.25 X eye height (Fig. 30). From above, head straight behind eyes then roundly narrowing, head behind eyes about 0.7 X eye length (Fig. 31). Shining with fine white pubescence; gena and vertex with large punctures, interspaces mostly 2 or more times puncture diameters; frons evenly punctate with flat shining interspaces mostly about equal to puncture diameters (Figs 30, 31). Mesosoma: Propleuron shining, punctate. Mesonotum with rather evenly reticulate sculpture, that on mesoscutum somewhat transverse; notauli meet posteriorly at point of transscutal articulation (Fig. 33). Pronotum coarsely reticulate posteriorly, anteriorly reticulations finer; mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum reticulate, with area of fine punctures on upper central part of mesopleuron (Figs 32, 33). Hind basitarsus 1.2 X longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Hind coxa shining above, finely punctate to striate and duller laterally, about 2.0 X longer than broad. Metasoma: Segments 2 or 3 to apex with fine white pubescence and fine punctures. Ovipositor length subequal to forewing length. Male: Unknown. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ Chipinque Mesa, 5400 ’, nr. Monterrey, N. L., Mex., VII. 8. 1963, H. & A. Howden ” (CNC). Paratype: Mexico: Tamaulipas, Gomez Farias: 900 m, Alta Cima, T. Malaise, 15 - 22. V. 1999, Col. Sonia Hernandez A. (1 ♀, USNM).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF46701FEF940BFEA2562E4.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The name is from Nueva León, a noun in apposition.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF46701FEF940BFEA2562E4.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This species and A. dispilis are similar. In A. leon, the ovipositor length is subequal to the forewing length, the ovipositor sheath has a white band, and the propodeum is black. In A. dispilis, the ovipositor length is longer than the forewing length, the ovipositor sheath is black, and the mesosoma is orange with black, if present, confined to the lower portion of the pleura.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF6670FFEF946F4ED92636F.taxon	description	(Figs 34 - 38)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF6670FFEF946F4ED92636F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head and mesosoma black; legs orange, metasoma orange; wings entirely hyaline. Head shining, without genal carina. Mesonotum with coarse transverse carinae. Hind coxa smooth, shining. Tarsal claws with one inner tooth near base, longer and broader than outer tooth. Ovipositor length slightly shorter than forewing length. Female: Length, 9.2 mm; forewing length, 7.0 mm; ovipositor length 6.5 mm. Color: Black; scape, pedicel, clypeus, malar space, and metasoma orange; base of metasoma black. Legs orange with coxae and trochanters black and extreme bases of hind femur more or less black. Wings entirely hyaline, lacking black spots, veins and stigma black. Head: Antennal length 4.4 X head width. Lower interocular distance about 1.2 X eye height, malar space about 0.4 X eye height (Fig. 34). Head from above short and narrowing behind eyes (Fig. 35). Shining, very fine punctures on frons, with fine white pubescences densest on lower half of frons to clypeus and malar area (Figs 34, 35). Mesosoma: Mesoscutal middle lobe with about 10 transverse carinae, lateral lobe with short carinae on inner margin. smooth, finely punctate laterally; notauli meet transscutal articulation slightly separately (Fig. 37); axilla reticulate; mesoscutellum with 5 - 6 transverse carinae at center, reticulate laterally; pronotum finely reticulate, smooth shining area on posterior margin; mesepisternum anteriorly reticulate, posteriorly with carinae; mesepimeron finely striate; metapleuron finely reticulate on dorsal half, coarsely reticulate on ventral half; propodeum reticulate (Figs 36, 37). Hind coxa smooth and shining, with very fine transverse carinae laterally, about 2.0 X longer than broad. Hind basitarsus 1.1 X longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Tarsal claw with large tooth at base, almost appearing as a large, acute basal lobe (Fig. 38). Metasoma: Shining; apical 2 or 3 segments with fine white pubescence. Ovipositor length about 0.9 X forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF6670FFEF946F4ED92636F.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, labeled “ Mexico: Oaxaca, 10 mi. SE Totolapam, VII- 20 - 1987, 4000 ft., R. Wharton ” (TAMU).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF6670FFEF946F4ED92636F.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Named for Dr. Robert A. Wharton, Texas A & M University, College Station, who collected this species.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF6670FFEF946F4ED92636F.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The long inner tooth of the tarsal claws is unusual for Aulacus, but all other characters place A. whartoni in this genus. The color is also unique with the head (except clypeus and malar space) and mesosoma black and metasoma mostly orange. This also is the only species of Aulacus treated here that has the ovipositor slightly shorter than the forewing length.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF8670EFEF94771EA176590.taxon	description	(Figs 39 - 41	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF8670EFEF94771EA176590.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Entirely black. Head dull with fine transverse microsculpture. Mesonotum with fine transverse carinae. Hind coxa with cross striations. Forewing without second recurrent vein. Female: Length, 6.0 mm; forewing length, 4.5 mm; ovipositor length 5.5 mm. Color: Black; metasoma and legs beyond coxae more brownish. Wings clear hyaline, without black spots, veins and stigma black. Head: Antennal length 4.0 X head width. Lower interocular distance 1.1 X eye height; malar space 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 39). From above, head short and narrowing behind eyes (Fig. 40). Entire head dulled with very fine, wavy microsculpture (Figs 39, 40). Mesosoma: Propleuron shining, faintly reticulate to striate ventrally and anteriorly. Mesonotum with fine transverse striae, striae more diagonal on axillae and lateral parts of mesoscutellum; notauli meet transscutal articulation separately (Fig. 41); pronotum shining, mostly finely striate; mesopleuron shining, finely striate dorsally, with large carinae on ventral half, mesosternum reticulate; metapleuron shining on dorsal half, reticulate on ventral half; propodeum reticulate. Hind coxa with fine transverse carinae, 2.0 X longer than broad, with indistinct diagonal ovipositor guide on basal quarter of inner surface. Hind basitarsus subequal in length to remaining tarsal segments combined. Metasoma: Shining, almost glabrous. Ovipositor length 1.2 X forewing length. Male: Length, 5.5 mm; forewing length, 4.5 mm. Color and structure similar to female.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF8670EFEF94771EA176590.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, “ caged tree infested Dendroctonus, Lincoln N. F., Cloudcroft, N. Mex, # 52 - 1432, C. Hay, Hopk US 34218 - M- 3 ” (USNM). Other specimens examined: USA: NEW MEXICO: Two male paratypes with same data as holotype (USNM); Lincoln N. F., 7 / 2 / 62, Hopk. US 37240 - F, Pinus ponderosa, J. F. Chansler, Collector (4 ♀♀, USNM).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF8670EFEF94771EA176590.taxon	biology_ecology	Host: According to label data, specimens emerged from caged trees infested with Dendroctonus sp., and another specimen labeled, Pinus ponderosa. Notes from the Hopkins’ cards suggest that some specimens emerged from trees infested with Dendroctonus adjunctus BLANFORD (Scolytidae), and that all were associated with Dendroctonus. CARLSON (1979) believed that D. adjunctus was the likely host.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF8670EFEF94771EA176590.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This small black species lacks reticulate or carinate sculpture; all sculpture is the fine, dull microsculpture of the head and mesosoma. Lengths of specimens examined are all similar.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF9670CFF45403FEF69621A.taxon	description	(Figs 42 - 44)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF9670CFF45403FEF69621A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Orange with metasoma and legs darker, more brownish; base of hind tibia white. Head with deep, scattered punctures. Mesonotum with coarse transverse carinae. Hind coxa shining, with few fine punctures. Female: Length, 7.5 mm; forewing length, 5.5 mm; ovipositor length, 6.0 mm. Color: Antenna black with scape and pedicel orange; head and mesosoma orange, blackish on venter of propleuron, mesosternum, and ventral propodeum; fore- and midlegs orange with coxae black; hind leg black with basal fifth of tibia white and tarsus orange. Metasoma brown with white band on second segment. Ovipositor sheath with white band. Wings hyaline, forewing with apical black spot, veins and stigma black. Color of both sexes similar. Head: Antennal length 2.5 X longer than head width. Lower interocular distance 1.1 X eye height; malar space 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 42). Head from above short and sharply narrowing behind eye (Fig. 43). Vertex and frons with widely scattered punctures separated by flat shining interspaces mostly equal to or less than puncture diameters (Figs 42, 43). Mesosoma: Propleuron shining, finely punctate. Mesoscutal middle lobe with transverse carinae, lateral lobes with transverse carinae mixed with reticulations; notauli meet transscutal articulation at about same point (Fig. 44); axillae reticulate; mesoscutellum with about 5 transverse carinae mixed with reticulations, laterally reticulate (Fig. 44); pronotum reticulate; mesopleuron reticulate with band of carinae on posterior margin; metapleuron shining and smooth on dorsal half, reticulate on ventral half; propodeum reticulate. Hind coxa shining finely punctured, especially on sides and at apex and with indistinct transverse striae near apex, 1.7 X longer than broad, ovipositor guide indistinct. Hind basitarsus subequal in length to length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Metasoma: Shining, with fine white pubescence on segment 3 to apex. Ovipositor length about 1.2 X forewing length. Male: Length, 6.5 mm; forewing length, 4.8 mm. Color and structure similar to female.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF9670CFF45403FEF69621A.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, from “ Brownsville, Texas, March 20, 1908, Jones and Pratt ” (USNM). Described from one female. Other specimens examined: TEXAS: Brownsville, bred, Celtis mississip., H. S. Barber, Collector, Insectary No. 6, ’ 04 (1 ♀, USNM); Hidalgo County, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley St. Pk., 16.31 - III. 77, C. C. Porter, coll., Malaise trap (1 ♀, USNM), same except 16 - 31 - III- 76 (1 ♂, USNM), same except 1 - 15 - [?] - 76 (1 ♂, USNM), same except 1 - 15 - IV- 77 (13 ♀♀, ♂, FSCA), same except 16 - 30 - IV- 77 (11 ♀♀, ♂, FSCA), same except 16 - 31 - III- 77 (3 ♀♀, ♂, FSCA), same except 19 - III- 82 (1 ♀, FSCA); Ca. Mission, Bentsen Rio Grande Valley State Park, 17 - III- 76 (1 ♀, FSCA); McAllen, 2 April ’ 75, C. Porter (1 ♀, FSCA); Hidalgo Co., Santa Ana Wildlife Refuge, collector G. H. Nelson, reared from Pithecellobium flexicaule (Beuth.), wood coll’d 27. VI- 1968, emerged 21. VIII. 1969 (1 ♀, FSCA).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF9670CFF45403FEF69621A.taxon	biology_ecology	Host: Emerged from Celtis laevigata WILLD. (WALKLEY 1967). From label data, bred from Celtis mississippiensis BOSC, C. laevigata (Cannabaceae) and Pithecellobium flexicaule (BENTH.) J. M. COULT. (Fabaceae).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFF9670CFF45403FEF69621A.taxon	discussion	Remarks: See remarks under A. leon.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFB670AFF454682ED016354.taxon	description	(Figs 45 - 48)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFB670AFF454682ED016354.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Black; antenna black; hind leg black, fore- and midlegs orange; ovipositor sheath with a white band; antenna black. Pronotum with one anteriorly projecting tooth. Hind coxa with punctures and some cross striations. Female: Length, 9.5 mm; forewing length, 7.0 mm; ovipositor length, 7.5 mm. Color: Black; ovipositor sheath with white band; fore- and mid femora, tibiae, and tarsi orange. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black; forewing with black spot under stigma and black at apex. Head: Antennal length 2.7 X head width. Lower interocular distance 0.9 X eye height; malar space 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 45). Head from above straight to slightly narrowing behind eyes, length behind eyes about half of eye length (Fig. 46). Occipital carina moderate, about 0.3 X diameter of an ocellus. Vertex and gena smooth, shining; frons with moderate-sized punctures, separated by flat interspaces about equal to puncture diameters; fine white pubescence, densest on lower frons, malar area, interantennal area, and clypeus (Figs 45, 46). Mesosoma: Mesoscutum with two acute anterolateral projections Propleuron shining with few fine punctures. Pronotum with one anteriorly projecting tooth. Mesoscutum reticulate anteriorly, two transverse scrobiculate rows posteriorly; axillae and sides of mesoscutellum reticulate, center of mesoscutellum with several transverse carinae; pronotum reticulate posteriorly, more punctate anteriorly; mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum reticulate (Figs 47, 48). Hind coxa with punctures and few transverse carinae, about 2.3 X longer than broad. Tarsal claws with 3 teeth and small basal lobe. Hind basitarsus subequal in length to length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by long vein Rs + M. Hind wing venation absent (as in Fig. 157). Metasoma: Segments 3 to apex with fine white pubescence and fine punctures. Ovipositor length 1.1 X forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFB670AFF454682ED016354.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, labeled “ Mexico: Tamaulipas, Gomez Farias: 300 m, Los Cedros, Malaise, 31. vii. - 7. viii 1999, Col. Sonia Hernandez A. ” (USNM).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFB670AFF454682ED016354.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin argutus, referring to the acute anterolateral angles of the mesonotum.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFB670AFF454682ED016354.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This species is very similar to P. ambiguus (SCHLETTERER) from southern Brazil; both are black, but the latter species has entirely black legs. Pristaulacus argutus, P. tria, P. maculata, and P. ruficollis treated here, and P. ambiguous, P. ruficeps (WESTWOOD), P. brasiliensis (KIEFFER), P. punctatus SMITH, P. haemorrhoidalis (WESTWOOD), P. femurrubrum SMITH, and a number of other species from South America belong in a group that has the anterolateral angles of the mesoscutum acute (as in Figs 48, 52, 57, 62), one anteriorly projecting tooth on the pronotum, and the tarsal claws with three teeth and a basal lobe. Tamaulipas, Mexico, is the northernmost record for species of this group; the southernmost species occur in northern Argentina.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFD6709FF454744ECCC671A.taxon	description	(Figs 49 - 52)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFD6709FF454744ECCC671A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Entirely black; ovipositor sheath black. Pronotum with three anteriorly projecting teeth. Hind coxa shining. Female: Length, 11.5 mm; forewing length 10.0 mm; ovipositor length 12.5 mm. Color: Black; foretibia and tarsus brownish. Wings hyaline except apex of forewing black; veins and stigma black. Head: Antennal length 2.5 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 49). Occipital carina distinct, flangelike, half or more diameter of an ocellus. From above, head long behind eyes, only gradually narrowing, head behind eyes subequal to eye length (Fig. 50). Gena and vertex smooth and shining, almost impunctate; frons with large scattered punctures, farther apart than several times puncture diameters; with fine white pubescence, densest and longest on malar area, interantennal area, and clypeus (Figs 49, 50). Mesosoma: Mesoscutum with two acute anterolateral teeth. Mesoscutum with large, indistinct reticulations, with indistinct transverse scrobiculate area posteriorly; axilla and lateral areas of mesoscutellum reticulate, center of mesoscutellum with several transverse carinae; propleuron smooth, shiny; pronotum with three anteriorly projecting teeth, a row of diagonal carinae posteriorly, and mostly shining anteriorly; mesopleuron coarsely reticulate; metapleuron reticulate with narrow scrobiculate band posteriorly; propodeum reticulate (Figs 51, 52). Hind coxa smooth, shining, 2.5 X longer than broad; diagonal ovipositor groove near apex on inner surface. Tarsal claws with 3 teeth and small basal lobe. Hind basitarsus 1.6 X longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by long vein Rs + M. Hind wing with veins absent (as in Fig. 157). Metasoma: Segment 5 with fine white pubescence, segments 6 to apex densely pubescent. Ovipositor length about 1.3 X forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFD6709FF454744ECCC671A.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, labeled “ Costa Rica: CATIE, 3 km SE Turrialba, 600 m, Cartago Prov., V- 16 - 85, J. Chemsak ” (UCB).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFD6709FF454744ECCC671A.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin tria, meaning three, referring to the three anteriorly projecting teeth of the pronotum.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFD6709FF454744ECCC671A.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Two species from South America have three anteriorly projecting teeth on the pronotum, P. decemdentatus KIEFFER from Brazil and P. tridentatus SMITH from Colombia. Pristaulacus decemdentatus has a red head, mostly reddish legs, and a central white band on the ovipositor sheath. Pristaulacus tridentatus has the metasoma red.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFF6736FF4545B4ED8D6254.taxon	description	(Figs 53 - 58)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFF6736FF4545B4ED8D6254.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head red; mesosoma mostly black; wing with dark spot under stigma. Pronotum with one anteriorly projecting tooth. Head shining with few small punctures on frons. Hind coxa punctate. Female: Length, 8.0 mm; ovipositor length, 6.0 mm; forewing length 6.0 mm. Color: Antenna black, scape cark reddish. Head red with apex of mandible and palpi black. Mesosoma black with pronotum mostly reddish except anterior portion at center and upper surface of propleuron reddish. Metasoma black with venter of first segment reddish brown; ovipositor sheath black with central white band. Legs reddish brown with coxae, trochanters, extreme bases of femora, and hind tibia and hind tarsus black. Wings hyaline, extreme apex of forewing with black spot and with small, faint infuscate spot below stigma (Fig. 56); veins and stigma black. Head: Antennal length about 2.7 X head width. Eyes in front view subparallel, lower interocular distance about 0.3 X eye height; malar space a little less than 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 53). In dorsal view, head broad and slightly narrowing behind eyes; length behind eyes about 0.7 X eye length (Fig. 55). Occipital carina very narrow, less than 0.3 X diameter of an ocellus. Vertex and gena glabrous, smooth, shining, without punctures; vertex without pubescence and very sparse pubescence on gena; frons shining with small punctures separated by flat interspaces one to several times diameter of punctures; pubescence dense on frons, malar area, and clypeus (Figs 53 - 55). Mesosoma: Propleuron shining, punctate rugose. Anterior margin of pronotum with one anteroventrally projecting tooth. Coarsely sculptured, pubescence rather sparse, densest on mesoscutal lateral lobes, scutellum, and mesepisternum. Mesonotum with short, acute, outwardly protruding anterolateral projections; mesoscutal middle lobe aerolate, with 3 or 4 irregular transverse carinae forming 4 large punctures at each side lobe; axillula more finely reticulate punctate. Pronotum with oblique scrobiculate area, anteroventrally finely reticulate punctate, dorsoposteriorly coarsely reticulate; mesepisternum finely reticulate punctate; mesepimeron scrobiculate; metapleuron and propodeum coarsely reticulate; propodeum dorsally with large punctures than laterally (Figs 57, 58). Upper surface of hind coxa densely punctate, with transverse carinae on apical half; about 1.7 X longer than broad; inner surface with ovipositor guide near apex. Hind basitarsus slightly longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Tarsal claws with 3 teeth and small basal lobe. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by long vein Rs + M (Fig. 56). Hind wing veins absent (as in Fig. 157). Metasoma: Shining, impunctate; pubescence densest on distal halves of segments 4 to apex. Ovipositor length about equal to forewing length. Male: Unknown. Specimens examined: Records from Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, and Peru are given by Smith (2005). COSTA RICA: Prov. Heredia, F. La Selva, 3 km S. Pto. Viejo, 10 ° 26 ' N, 84 ° 01 ' W, 6 - IV- 1964, H. A. Hespenheide, on fallen branch of Pentaclethra macroloba (1 ♀, CHAH); same except 3 - IV- 94 (1 ♀, CHAH); same except 8 - VII- 1992 (1 ♀, CHAH); Guan., 14 km. S. Canas, 1 - 11 Feb. 1990, F. D. Parker (2 ♀♀, USU); same except 11 - 31 Jan. 1990 (1 ♀, USU); Punta Arenas Prov., Piedras Blancas, 23, 26 - VII- 1981, H. V. Weems, Jr., G. B. Edwards, rain forest (1 ♀, FSCA); Palmar, CR 49 F (1 ♀, USNM); Limon Prov., 2 mi S. Cahuita, 24 - 25 - XII- 1988, A. S. Menke, rain forest (1 ♀, USNM); Guanacaste, 500 m, 9 ° 52.096 ' N, 85 ° 056 ' W, Reserva Privada, 2 - 4 - IV- 2005, Malaise, B. Brown et al. (1 ♀, USNM). NICARAGUA: Rio San Juan Pr., Refugio Bartolo, 10 km ESE El. Castillo, 10 ° 58 / 59 N, 84 ° 20 / 21 W, 22 - IV- 1999, H. A. Hespenheide (9 ♀♀, CHAH). PANAMA: Canal Zone, Barro Colorado, VIII- 1924, N. Banks (1 ♀, MCZ); Canal Zone, 0.5 mi. S Palo Seco, 8 ° 54 ' N, 79 ° 34 ' W, 8 - VI- 1973, H. A. Hespenheide (2 ♀♀, CHAH); Panama Prov., Pan American Hwy., 30 km E of Canita, 15 - 29 June 1992, Jean & Keve Ribardo (2 ♀♀, CAS); Provincia de Chiriqui, Pan-Am Hwy., Rio Tabasara, 133 m, 23 - I- 1987, Edward S. Ross (1 ♀, CAS); Las Sabanas, nr. Panama City, 3 - 24 - 1924, 2 - 2918, ex Trachysomus thomsoni (1 ♀, USNM); Orange trunk, Parita, emerged 9 - 20 - ' 22, J. Zetek, Coll., Zetek No. 1787 (1 ♀, USNM). Types: The holotype female (ZMUC) is labeled “ Brasilien (Amazonenstrom) ” “ Coary Amazonas ” [handwritten, uncertain of spelling], “ [?] Schletterer [?] ” [handwritten, first and third words illegible], “ Coll. Wustnel. ” “ Aulacus maculatus Schletterer, ” “ Type ” [red], “ Zool. Museum DK Copenhagen. ”	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFF6736FF4545B4ED8D6254.taxon	biology_ecology	Hosts: Specimens from Costa Rica were collected on a fallen branch of Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze (Fabaceae). A specimen from Panama is labeled “ ex Trachysomus thomsoni, ” which probably refers to Trachysomus thomsoni Aurivillius (Cerambycidae).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFFF6736FF4545B4ED8D6254.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This is a widespread species occurring from Brazil and Peru north to Nicaragua.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC16734FF45467BEA3F6261.taxon	description	(Figs 59 - 62)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC16734FF45467BEA3F6261.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head black; mesosoma red anterior to transscutal articulation; forewing with only black apical spot. Pronotum with one anteriorly projecting tooth. Head with frons shining, only few small punctures. Hind coxa punctate. Female: Length, 10.0 mm; forewing length, 7.5 mm; ovipositor length, 8.0 mm. Color: Antenna black, scape may be dark orange. Head black; clypeus, mandible except apex, malar area all or in part dark orange. Mesosoma black with mesoscutum and most or all of pronotum red; narrow anterior margin and lower half of pronotum may be blackish; upper surface of Propleuron and spot on mesepimeron may be dark orange. Legs mostly black; fore- and midtibia and tarsus orange to dark brown. Metasoma black. Ovipositor sheath black with white band near apex. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black; forewing with black spot under stigma and black spot at apex. Head: Antennal length 2.5 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 59). From above head behind eyes gradually narrowing, head 0.8 X eye length (Fig. 60). Vertex and gena smooth and shining; frons densely punctate, most punctures at center separate by short ridges shorter or equal to puncture diameters; with fine white pubescence, densest and longest on lower frons, malar area, and clypeus (Figs 59, 60). Mesosoma: Mesoscutum with acute anterolateral teeth, each slightly projecting outward toward apex; mesoscutum reticulate anteriorly, posteriorly with two transverse scrobiculate rows; axilla and lateral portions of mesoscutellum reticulate, mesoscutellum with several transverse carinae at center. Propleuron smooth, shining, with few fine punctures; pronotum with one anteriorly projecting tooth, mostly reticulate, more punctate anteriorly; mesopleuron reticulate, narrowly scrobiculate posteriorly, mesepimeron with small finely punctate area, metapleuron and propodeum reticulate (Figs 61, 62). Hind coxa shining, 2.0 X longer than broad, with punctures; shallow ovipositor groove near apex on inner surface. Tarsal claws with 3 teeth and small basal lobe. Hind basitarsus subequal in length to remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by long crossvein Rs + M. Hind wing veins absent (as in Fig. 157). Metasoma: Shiny; fine white pubescence on gastric segment 4 to apex. Ovipositor length about 1.1 X forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC16734FF45467BEA3F6261.taxon	materials_examined	Type: A female from “ Guatemala, Torola 1000 feet (Champion). The specimen is at the BMNH, labeled “ type ” [round label], “ B. M. TYPE HYM. 3. a. 92 ”, “ Aulacus ruficollis Cam., type, BCA ii 423 d ” [handwritten], “ Torola, 1000 ft, Champion ”, “ B. C. A. Hymen. I. Aulacus ruficollis Cam. ” The number of specimens was not given by Cameron (1887); thus, it is not known if he had more than one specimen. I designate this specimen the lectotype to ensure stability of the name. Specimens examined: HONDURAS: Catacamus, Olancho, 30 - IX- 1980, R. W. Jones (1 ♀, TAMU). MEXICO: 24 mi. N. Matias Romero, Oax., VI- 24 - 1969, Bright & Campbell (1 ♀, CNC).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC16734FF45467BEA3F6261.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Pristaulacus ruficollis is very similar in size and structure to P. maculatus. In P. ruficollis, the mesosoma is red only anterior to the transscutal articulation, the ovipositor is slightly longer than the forewing length, and there is never a dusky or dark spot below the stigma of the forewing.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC36732FF45466EEEFD6548.taxon	description	(Figs 63 - 66)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC36732FF45466EEEFD6548.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head and body with golden pubescence, with black and yellow pattern. Wings with anterior half dark brown, posterior half paler to hyaline. Head shining. Mesonotum with transverse carinae. Hind coxa shining with cross striations at posterior. Female: Length, 16.0 mm; forewing length, 12.0 mm; ovipositor length, 14.0 mm. Color: Covered with golden pubescence. Antenna black with segments 1 - 3 yellow; anterior margin of clypeus brown. Mesosoma black with following yellow: lateral areas on mesoscutal middle lobe, lateral spot on each lateral lobe; axilla; anterior third of pronotum; spot on upper metapleuron; diagonal streak above hind coxa; semicircle on propodeum around metasomal insertion. Fore- and midlegs yellow with coxae and trochanters black; hind leg black with second trochanteral segment and extreme base of tibia brown and stripe on inner surface of hind tibia and hind tarsus yellow except blackish apical one or two segments. Metasoma black; first segment yellow ventrally. Ovipositor sheath yellow brown, apex black. Head: Antennal length 2.0 X head width. Lower interocular distance 1.2 X eye height; malar space 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 63). Head behind eyes from above long, straight, head behind eyes 1.3 X eye length (Fig. 66). Occipital carina narrow, about a fifth or less diameter of an ocellus. Gena, vertex, and frons somewhat dull, finely punctate; dense, long golden pubescence, densest and longest on anterior vertex through frons to malar area and clypeus (Figs 63, 66). Mesosoma: Covered with rather dense, golden pubescence, half length or less than that on front of head. Anterior mesoscutum rounded; mesoscutum reticulate, with faint transverse sculpture on middle lobe and middle lobe separated from lateral lobe by narrow scrobiculate area. Propleuron shining, finely punctate; pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth, reticulate posteriorly with smooth, shining area anteriorly; mesopleuron reticulate with faint carinae on lower half, smoother area toward posterior margin, and very narrow scrobiculate area posteriorly; metapleuron mostly with diagonal carinae; propodeum shining, median groove on dorsum, transverse carinae below metasomal insertion, laterally with diagonal carina dorsally and transverse carinae ventrally (Figs 65, 66). Hind coxa stout, less than 2 X longer than broad, shining with few transverse carinae on apical half; nearly perpendicular ovipositor groove near apex on inner surface. Tarsal claws with 6 teeth, basal most tooth very small. Hind basitarsus 1.2 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by long vein Rs + M. Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs contiguous (as in Fig. 110). Metasoma: Smooth, shining, with fine white pubescence on segments 2 to apex. Ovipositor length 1.2 X forewing length. Male: Length, 14.5 mm; forewing length, 10.0 mm. Color and structure similar to female. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ Mazatlan, 9 mi. N. Sin., MEX., VII- 25 - 28 - 72, J. & M. A. Chemsak, A. & M. Michelbacher ” (UCB). Paratypes: HONDURAS: Tegucigalpa, VI. 18 - 18, F. J. Dyar, Col., No. 40456, 41432 (1 ♂, USNM). MEXICO: Same data as holotype (15 ♀♀, UCB); Yautepec, Mor., VII- 31 - 1963, F. D. Parker, L. A. Stange, Collectors (1 ♂, UCD), same except VII- 13 1963 (1 ♀, UCD); Sinaloa, 7 mi. N. Guamachil, VIII- 18 - 66, Linsleys, Chemsak, At light, J. Powell, collector (1 ♀, UCB); Est. Bio. Chamela, Jalisco, VII- 20 / 27 - 1984, J. A. Chemsak, J. T. Doyen, at lights (1 ♀, UCB); 1.1 mi W El Quelite, Sinaloa, VII- 18 - 1974, M. L. Siri, Colr. (1 ♂, UCD); Sinaloa, 15 mi. N. Mazatlan, Aug. 7, 1973, E. Giesbert, Coll. (1 ♀, LACM); Mazatlan, Sin., Aug. 16, 1964, at sea level, J. F. McAlpine (1 ♂, CNC). UNITED STATES: Arizona, Cochise Co., s. fk. cave ck. cyn. [probably south fork, Cave Creek Canyon], VIII- 8 1974, Eichlin et al. (1 ♀, CDA).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC36732FF45466EEEFD6548.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin auricomus, meaning with golden hairs, referring to the long, dense, golden pubescence of the head and mesosoma.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC36732FF45466EEEFD6548.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The long, golden hairs of the head and mesosoma, the infuscate anterior half of the forewing, and the black mesosoma with yellow maculae as shown in Figs 65 and 66, are distinctive for this large species.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC56730FF454150ECF26207.taxon	description	(Figs 67 - 71)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC56730FF454150ECF26207.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head, mesosoma, and legs orange. Forewing black with hyaline band at center basal to stigma and hyaline band near apex apical to stigma. Ovipositor with a white band. Head smooth and shining. Mesoscutum with 8 - 9 coarse transverse carinae. Hind coxa smooth and shining. Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 9.0 mm; forewing length 7.0 mm; ovipositor length 7.0 mm. Color: Antenna with scape and pedicel orange, flagellomeres 1 - 4 black (missing beyond 4). Head and body orange; apex of mandible and infuscate to black band at apex of first metasomal tergite. Ovipositor brownish with white band near apex. Forewing (Fig. 71) with base, broad band below stigma, and apex black, hyaline areas between base and band below stigma and between band below stigma and apical dark stripe; stigma mostly yellow, infuscate toward base. Hind wing (Fig. 71) black at base, center, and apex with hyaline areas in between. Veins mostly black with those in hyaline areas more yellowish. Head: [Both antennae of holotype broken beyond 6 th segment.] Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space 0.4 X eye height (Fig. 67). Head behind eyes straight then sharply narrowing, head length 0.8 X eye length (Fig. 68). Occipital carina very narrow, hardly discernable, less than a fifth diameter on an ocellus. Shining, almost impunctate. With fine white pubescence, densest on interantennal area, lower inner orbits, malar area, and clypeus (Figs 67, 68). Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron smooth and shining. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae, 8 - 10 carinae on middle lobe; axilla reticulate, mesoscutellum with 3 or 4 arc-shaped transverse carinae, more reticulate laterally; pronotum with narrow scrobiculate band on anterior margin, center shining with diagonal band of fine carinae, reticulate dorsoposteriorly; mesepisternum finely punctate with coarse reticulations on lower third; mesepimeron shining with narrow scrobiculate band on posterior margin; metapleuron finely reticulate on dorsal half, coarsely reticulate on ventral half; propodeum reticulate (Figs 69, 70). Hind coxa smooth and shining, 2.5 X longer than broad, with diagonal ovipositor guide near apex on inner surface. Tarsal claws with 5 teeth. Hind basitarsus 1.2 X longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs contiguous, without vein Rs + M (Fig. 71). Hind wing veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs contiguous (as in Fig. 110). Metasoma: Shining, with fine white pubescence on tergite 2 to apex. Ovipositor length subequal to forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC56730FF454150ECF26207.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female labeled “ Mexico: Jalisco, Chamela Biol. Stn., 12 July 1989, R. Brooks, C. Michener, A. Roig Alsina, # 024 ” (UKAN).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC56730FF454150ECF26207.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin virga, meaning stripe, referring to the striped- or banded-color pattern of the wings.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC56730FF454150ECF26207.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This is one of three species with black-banded forewings. It is separated from the other two, P. punctum and P. decorus, by the entirely orange color, lack of an anteriorly projecting tooth on the pronotum, and the transverse carinae of the mesoscutum.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC7673EFF454688ECBD636F.taxon	description	(Figs 72 - 76)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC7673EFF454688ECBD636F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Antenna and ovipositor black; mesosoma black. Forewing black with hyaline band at center basal to stigma and hyaline band near apex apical to stigma. Head long, extended, behind eyes, shining. Mesosoma shining with closely-set punctures, without carinae. Hind coxa smooth and shining. Pronotum with two anteriorly projecting teeth, dorsal one small. Female: Length, 10.5 mm; forewing length 8.0 mm; ovipositor length, 5.5 mm. Color: Antenna black; scape orange. Head orange with area from anterior half or more of vertex through frons to clypeus black; apex of mandible black. Legs orange; coxae, mid- and hind femora, and hind tibia dark brown to black; tarsi yellowish. Mesosoma black. Metasoma black with orange spot at base of first tergum; ovipositor black. Forewing with base, broad band below stigma widening toward posterior margin, and apex black; two bands between black areas hyaline to slightly yellowish (Fig. 76). Hind wing black at base, hyaline toward apex. Forewing stigma black, more amber on apical half; veins black, those in hyaline areas more yellowish. Head: Antennal length 2.7 X head width. Lower interocular distance 1.1 X eye height; malar space 0.4 X eye height (Fig. 72). Head from above long behind eyes, straight then gradually narrowing, 1.1 X eye length (Fig. 73). Occipital carina very narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Head smooth and shining, very fine punctures on frons, with fine white pubescence, densest on frons to clypeus and malar area (Figs 72, 73). Mesosoma: Pronotum with two anteriorly projecting teeth near dorsum. Propleuron smooth and shining. Mesosoma entirely, evenly reticulate; pronotum shining anteroventrally, with diagonal scrobiculate band at center, finely reticulate dorsoposteriorly; mesepisternum shining and finely punctate on upper half, more reticulate on lower half; mesepimeron shining with scrobiculate band on posterior margin; metapleuron finely punctate on upper half, coarsely reticulate on ventral half; propodeum reticulate, smooth and shining above adjacent to metasomal insertion (Figs 74, 75). Hind coxa smooth, shining, 2.2 X longer than broad; shallow ovipositor groove at apex in inner surface. Hind basitarsus 1.1 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs contiguous or separated by very short vein Rs + M; costal cell broad, about 1.2 X broader than stigma (Fig. 76). Tarsal claws with 6 teeth. Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs contiguous (as in Fig. 110). Metasoma: Shining; fine white pubescence and fine punctures on segment 2 to apex. Ovipositor length about 0.7 X forewing length. Male: Unknown. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ Los Almendros, P. N. Guanacaste, Prov., Costa Rica, 11 - 30 Jun 1993, E. Lopez, LN 334800 _ 369800, # 2267, ” “ Costa Rica INBIO, CRI 1001 126456 ” (INBio). Paratype: COSTA RICA: S. J. Escazu, 21 - 26 My 1989, F. D. Parker (1 ♀, USU).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC7673EFF454688ECBD636F.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin punctum, referring to the punctured or pitted mesoscutum.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC7673EFF454688ECBD636F.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This species is close to P. decorus, and both run to the same couplet in the key. They are similar in structure, but differ by the more extensive black color in P. punctum. Also, P. punctum is known only from Costa Rica and P. decorus only from Mexico. I have not seen specimens in between, and it is possible they represent extremes of the same species.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC9673CFF454771EA1F65C4.taxon	description	(Figs 77 - 82)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC9673CFF454771EA1F65C4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head black with head black between eyes; mesosoma black with pronotum orange. Forewing black with hyaline band at center basal to stigma and hyaline band near apex apical to stigma. Head long behind eyes, shining. Mesosoma with anterolateral lobes of mesonotum roundly produced; mesonotum shining, with large closely set punctures. Hind coxa smooth, shining. Pronotum with 2 anteriorly projecting teeth, dorsal on e small. Female: Length, 13.0 mm; forewing length 10.0 mm; ovipositor length, 6.0 mm. Color: Antenna black; scape and pedicel orange. Head orange with large black area from just behind ocelli through frons to about level of antenna.; apex of mandible black. Mesosoma black with propleuron and pronotum orange. Legs orange with hind femur and tibia dark brown; tarsi yellowish. Metasoma orange; ovipositor sheath black. Forewing with base, broad band below stigma, and apex black; stigma brownish (Fig. 81). Hind wing hyaline at base, becoming black toward apex. Veins black, those in hyaline parts yellowish to brown. Head: Antennal length 2.7 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 77). Head from above long behind eyes, straight, length of head 1.2 X eye length (Fig. 78). Occipital carina very narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Smooth and shining, few fine punctures on frons; pubescence densest on fronts to clypeus and malar area, sparse elsewhere (Figs 77, 78). Mesosoma: Pronotum with two anteriorly projecting teeth near dorsum. Propleuron smooth and shining. Mesonotum shining with large punctures, distance between most punctures more than a puncture diameter (Fig. 80); pronotum with broad smooth and shining diagonal band, coarsely reticulate above and below band; mesopleuron with dorsoanterior finely punctate area, rest coarsely reticulate; metapleuron and propodeum coarsely reticulate (Fig. 79). Hind coxa smooth and shining, few indistinct carinae laterally, 2.0 X longer than broad; ovipositor groove on inner surface indistinct. Hind basitarsus subequal to length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Tarsal claw with 6 teeth and indistinct basal lobe; lower tooth small and near basal lobe (Fig. 82). Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs contiguous, without vein Rs + M; costal cell broad, 1.2 times broader than stigma (Fig. 81). Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs contiguous (Fig. 81). Metasoma: Shining; fine white pubescence and fine punctures on segments 2 to apex. Ovipositor length about 0.6 X forewing length. lateral. 80 Mesosoma, dorsal. 81 Wings. 82 Tarsal claws. Male: Length, 13.0 mm; forewing length, 13.0 mm. Color and structure similar to female except: Black on head ends above antennal insertions; propleuron may be black; metasoma may be black at base or almost entirely black. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ 13 mi. S. Cuernavaca, Mor., Mex., VII- 8 - 1962, D. H. Janzen, Collector ” (UCB). Paratypes: MEXICO: GUERRERO: Mexcala, Jun 3, 1946, J. & D. Pallister (1 ♂, AMNH); 6 mi. e. Xochipala, July 18, 1984, Carroll, Schaffner, Friedlander (1 ♀, TAMU); Mexcala, VI- 29 - 51, H. E. Evans, Collector (1 ♀, AEI). JALISCO: Chamela Biol. Stn., 11 July 1989, R. Brooks, C. Michener, A. Roig Alsina, # 015 (1 ♀, UKAN); 11 mi. n. Autlan, July 6, 1984, Carroll, Schaffner, Friedlander (1 ♀, TAMU); Chamela Res. Sta., 20 July 1986, M. Sanchez – M. T. (1 ♀, USU), same data except 24 July 1986 (1 ♀, USU); Est. Biol. UNAM, Chamela, 5 km. SE Chamela, 13 / 14 July 1981, E. M. Fisher, collector (1 ♀, 1 ♂, CDA). MICHOACÁN: 36.7 km NE. Areaga, 16 July 1989, R. Borks, A. Roig, # 052, ex Vitex pyramidta (1 ♂, UKAN), same data except # 053, ex. Oxalis comiculata albicans (1 ♂, UKAN). MORELOS: Same data as holotype (2 ♂♂, 1 metasoma missing, UCB); 6 mi. S. Temixco, VII- 16 - 1963, F. D. Parker, L. A. Stange, Collectors (2 ♀♀, 1 ♂, UCD). NAYARIT: Arroyo Santiago, nr. Jesus Maria, VII- 5 - 55, B. Malkin, Collector (1 ♂, UCB). OAXACA: Totolapan, B mi NW, C 300 ft., VII- 6 - 1953, Univ. Kans. Mex. Uxpedition (1 ♀ head missing, UKAN); 26 km. NE. Tapanatepec, 29 June 1981, E. M. Fisher, collector (1 ♀, CDA); 10 km E. De Tehuantepec, 25 - V- 53, Ana Maria de Buen., collector (1 ♂, AEI); nr. Totolapan, Aug. 5, 1965, Flint & Ortiz (1 ♀, USNM). SINALOA: Mazatlan, 5 mi. N., VII- 27 - 72, J. & M. A. Chemsak, A. & M. Michelbacher (1 ♀, 1 ♂, UCB); 5 mi. N. Mazatlan, VIII- 1 - 1973, J. Chemsak & E. G. Linsley (1 ♀, UCB); Mazatlan, 5 mi. N., VII- 27 - 64, Scoparia dulcis, J. A. Chemsak, Collector (1 ♀, UCB); 8 mi. south Elota, VII- 2 - 63, F. D. Parker, L. A. Stange, Collectors (1 ♀, UCD); Concordia, VII- 4 - 1963, F. D. Parker, L. A. Stange, Collectors (1 ♀, UCD); 5 mi. N. of Mazatlan, VII- 19 - 1972, Collector, C. H. Nelson (1 ♀, FSCA); Mazatlan, 10 km. S., July 9, 1963, Eric Fisher, coll. (1 ♀, LACM); Mazatlan, 31 July 1964, W. R. M. Mason (2 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, CNC). VERACRUZ: Cotaxtla Exp. Sta., Cotaxtla, VI- 28 - 1962, D. H. Janzen, Collection (1 ♀, 1 ♂, UCB), same data except VII- 1 - 1962 (1 ♀, 1 ♂, UCB), same data except VII- 5 - 1962 (1 ♀, UCB); Anton Lizardo, 23 June 1961, L. B. Carney, # 26 (3 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂, UKAN); 1 mi. W. Anton Lizardo, 5 ft., 23 June 1961, U. Kans. Mex. Exp. (1 ♂, UKAN).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC9673CFF454771EA1F65C4.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin decorus, meaning beautiful, for one of the most strikingly colored aulacids of this region.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC9673CFF454771EA1F65C4.taxon	biology_ecology	Hosts: No rearing records are indicated on labels. Some adults were taken from the following plants, apparently by sweeping: Vitex sp. (Lamiaceae); Oxalis corniculata L. (Oxalidaceae), and Scoparia dulcis L. (Plantaginaceae).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFC9673CFF454771EA1F65C4.taxon	discussion	Remarks: See remarks under P. punctum. This species has been collected rather frequently in Mexico.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCB673AFF4541CBED4460DF.taxon	description	(Figs 83 - 86)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCB673AFF4541CBED4460DF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Orange with ocellar area and meso- and metapleura black; legs all orange. Wings and veins uniformly black. Head shining above, frons dull, sculptured. Mesonotum with large closely set punctures, without carinae. Hind coxa shining, with cross striations. Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Unknown. Male: Length, 14.5 mm; forewing length 11.5 mm. Color: Antenna orange; pedicel, flagellomeres 1 and 2, and apical 3 blackish. Head orange; apex of mandible and interocellar area black. Mesosoma orange with narrow posterior line on pronotum, upper mesepisternum, mesepimeron, metapleuron, spot on lower propodeum, and areas lateral to mesoscutellum black. Legs orange; tarsi more yellowish. Metasoma orange. Wings uniformly black; veins and stigma black. Head: Antennal length 2.6 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 83). Occipital carina very narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Mostly shining, covered with fine white pubescence; vertex and gena with fine punctures (Fig. 84); frons, interantennal area, and clypeus more reticulate to punctate and slightly duller than vertex with fine microsculpture (Fig. 83). Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Mostly, uniformly coarsely reticulate (Figs 85, 86); propleuron smooth, shining; pronotum with somewhat scrobiculate diagonal band; posterior margin of mesopleuron scrobiculate. Hind coxa with coarse, transverse carinae; about 2.2 X longer than broad. Tarsal claws with 6 teeth and small basal lobe, basal lobe appearing as a sixth tooth. Hind basitarsus 1.2 X longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with long vein Rs + M separating cells 1 M and 1 Rs (as in Fig. 91). Hind wing with veins distinct, vein M separates cells Cu and R 1 + Rs (as in Fig. 104). Metasoma: Shining; fine white pubescence and fine punctures on segment 2 to apex.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCB673AFF4541CBED4460DF.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male labeled “ Mexico, Jalisco, Chamela 26 / 30 - IX- 85, FD Parker, TL Griswold ” (USU).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCB673AFF4541CBED4460DF.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Vrom the Latin aquilus, meaning dark colored, referring to the entirely dark wings.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCB673AFF4541CBED4460DF.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This large, shining, orange male cannot be associated with females I have seen, and it is the only species I know that has the forewing entirely black without hyaline areas.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCD6739FF4544C0EA3B6734.taxon	description	(Figs 87 - 92)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCD6739FF4544C0EA3B6734.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Frons finely punctate. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae. Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Hind coxa punctate, striate laterally. Wings dark on anterior half, paler on posterior half, without distinct spots. Female: Length, 10.0 mm; forewing length, 9.0 mm; ovipositor length, 8.0 mm. Color: All orange with brownish areas on frons, lateral portions of mesoscutellum, meso- and metapleura, propodeum, and coxae; hind legs missing beyond coxae. Forewing with anterior half infuscate, posterior half subhyaline; hind wing subhyaline; veins brownish, stigma dark orange (Fig. 91). Head: Antennae missing. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.2 X eye height (Fig. 87). Occipital carina narrow, less than 0.2 X diameter of an ocellus. From above, somewhat straight, then narrowing behind eyes, about 0.7 X eye length (Fig. 88). Smooth and shining with fine white pubescence, pubescence densest on lower frons, lower inner orbits and malar area; gena and vertex impunctate; frons with few widely scattered punctures, farther apart than puncture diameters, somewhat microsculptured between punctures (Figs 87, 88). Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron finely punctured. Mesoscutal middle lobe with transverse sculpturation; mesoscutal lateral lobes, axillae, and mesoscutellum more reticulate, with indication of transverse sculpturation at middle of mesoscutellum; pleura and propodeum mostly reticulate with finely punctate area on dorsal mesopleuron (Figs 89, 90, 92). Hind coxa punctured, more striate laterally, about 2.2 X longer than broad (Fig. 92), with diagonal ovipositor groove near apex on inner surface. Tarsal claws with 5 teeth and indistinct basal lobe. Forewing with long vein Rs + M separating cells 1 M and RS (Fig. 91). Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs separated by vein M (as in Fig. 104). Metasoma: Smooth, shining, with fine white pubescence on segments 3 to apex. Ovipositor length about 0.9 X forewing length. Male: Unknown	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCD6739FF4544C0EA3B6734.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Described from “ one female ” labeled “ Brownsville, Texas, June, ” “ 2268, ” “ TYPE Tropaulacus torridus J. Chester Bradley [red]. ” (UKAN).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCD6739FF4544C0EA3B6734.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The holotype seems faded, but this species can be separated by characters given in the key. The other species with the anterior half of the forewing black and the posterior half hyaline to yellowish hyaline are P. anteala and P. nigricoxae. The transverse carinae of the mesoscutum and duller punctate frons are shared by P. torridus and P. anteala, but P. torridus has the mesosoma almost entirely orange to red brown and a more punctate rather than reticulate frons.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCF6727FF4545ABEFFF65BF.taxon	description	(Figs 93 - 97)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCF6727FF4545ABEFFF65BF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head orange with frons between eyes black; antenna black. Mesosoma with mesoscutum and anterior portion of pronotum orange. Forewing with anterior half black, posterior half nearly clear hyaline. Head shining, frons finely punctate. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae. Hind coxa with punctures and cross striations. Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 14.0 mm; forewing length, 12.0 mm; ovipositor length, 7.5 mm. Color: Antenna black; scape orange. Head orange with large black area on frons, extending from hind ocelli to above antenna with extension through interantennal area to clypeus, with inner orbits narrowly orange; apex of mandible black. Mesosoma black; Propleuron orange ventrally; band on posterior margin of pronotum and laterally on anterior margin, and tegula orange. Legs with coxae and most of trochanters black; basal part of mid- and most of hind femora black except apex of hind femur; tibiae and tarsi yellow orange. Metasoma black with narrow posterior margins of segments and base of first segment orange. Ovipositor sheath yellowish with apex black. Forewing with anterior half black, posterior half hyaline (Fig. 97); costa, stigma, and vein 2 r of forewing dark orange, remaining veins black; hind wing hyaline to slightly yellowish; veins and stigma brown. Head: Antennal length 2.2 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 93). Occipital carina very narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Shining, with fine white pubescence; vertex and gena with fine punctures (Fig. 94); frons more densely punctate than vertex with close punctures, interspaces ridgelike and much shorter than puncture diameters; interantennal area and clypeus finely punctate (Fig. 93). Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Mesoscutal middle lobe with transverse carinae; mesoscutal lateral lobes, axillae, and mesoscutellum more reticulate (Fig. 96). Propleuron shining; pleura and propodeum finely reticulate, dosoanterior area of mesopleuron finely punctate (Fig. 95). Hind coxa densely punctured with distinct transverse carinae; about 2.1 X longer than broad. Tarsal claws with 5 teeth and small basal lobe. Hind basitarsus 1.4 X longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs contiguous not separated by vein Rs + M (Fig. 97). Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs separated by vein M (Fig. 97). Metasoma: Shining; fine white pubescence on segment 2 to apex. Ovipositor length about 0.7 X forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCF6727FF4545ABEFFF65BF.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, labeled “ Estacion Santa Rosa, P. N. Santa Rosa, Prov. Guanacaste, Costa Rica, 300 m, Jun 1993, W. Hallwachs, D. H. Janzen, LN 31300 _ 359800 # 2249, ” “ Costa Rica, INBIO CRI 001 935907 ” (INBio).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCF6727FF4545ABEFFF65BF.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin ante (anterior) and ala (wing), referring to the dark- colored anterior portion of the forewing.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFCF6727FF4545ABEFFF65BF.taxon	discussion	Remarks: See remarks under P. torridus.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD06725FEF94020EFFC652C.taxon	description	(Figs 98 - 101)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD06725FEF94020EFFC652C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Antenna orange. Mesosoma orange with pleura black; coxae and femora black. Forewing black with more or less three hyaline areas, at center of anterior margin basal to stigma, on anteroapical margin apical to stigma, and on posterior margin posterior to stigma. Head shining, frons punctate. Mesonotum with large closely set punctures. Hind coxa with punctures and cross striations. Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 12.0 mm; forewing length, 10.5 mm; ovipositor length, 6.5 mm. Color: Antenna orange; pedicel and first and apical flagellomeres brown. Head orange; interocellar area and apex of mandible black. Mesosoma black with propleuron, most of pronotum except anteroventral corner, mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum orange. Legs with coxae and trochanters black, forefemur brown, mid- and hind femora black; tibiae and tarsi yellow. Metasoma dark orange; black spot at base of first segment. Ovipositor sheath yellow with apex black. Forewing with black and hyaline pattern; black with oval area near anterior margin basal to stigma, anterior portion of radial cell, large area on apicoventral area, and extreme posterior margin hyaline; Costa, subcosta and marginal radial veins orange, remaining veins black in black areas, brownish in hyaline areas. Hind wing blackish with anterior half more hyaline, veins brownish in paler areas, black in black areas. Head: Antennal length 2.2 X head width. Lower interocular distance 1.1 X eye height, malar apace 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 98). Occipital carina very narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Head from above rounded and narrowing behind eyes, distance behind eyes subequal to eye length. Shining with fine white pubescence. Vertex and gena with scattered fine punctures (Fig. 99); frons reticulate; interantennal area and clypeus punctate (Fig. 98). Mesosoma: Propleuron shining with few scattered punctures. Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Mesonotum reticulate; axillae and mesoscutellum with few large punctures, interspaces on mesoscutellum mostly wider than puncture diameters; few fine transverse carinae at center of mesoscutellum (Fig. 101); mesepimeron more finely reticulate than rest of mesosoma, posterior margin scrobiculate (Fig. 100). Hind coxa about 2 X longer than broad, densely punctured with distinct transverse carinae; with diagonal ovipositor guide near apex on inner surface. Tarsal claws with 5 teeth and an acute basal lobe, basal lobe appearing as a sixth tooth. Tarsal claws apparently with 6 teeth, basal most tooth small, appearing as basal lobe. Hind basitarsus 1.3 X longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with long vein Rs + M separating cells 1 M and 1 Rs (as in Fig. 91). Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs contiguous (as in Fig. 110). Metasoma: Segments 2 to apex with fine white pubescence and finely punctate. Ovipositor length 0.6 X forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD06725FEF94020EFFC652C.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, labeled “ Mexico: Oaxaca, 27 mi SW Salina Cruz, VII- 14 - 1987, R. Wharton ” (TAMU).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD06725FEF94020EFFC652C.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin tri (three) and clora (clear), referring to the three yellowish to hyaline spots on the forewing.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD06725FEF94020EFFC652C.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The maculation of the forewing, shining head with the reticulate frons, and reticulate mesoscutum are distinctive for this species.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD26723FEF941BCEA4B62A9.taxon	description	(Figs 102 - 105)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD26723FEF941BCEA4B62A9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Mesosoma with only mesonotum and pronotum orange. Legs with coxae black, rest orange. Forewing with anterior half black, posterior half paler, to hyaline. Head shining. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae. Hind coxae with punctures and cross striations. Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 10.0 mm; forewing length 10.0 mm; ovipositor length, 8.0 mm. Color. Antenna orange, pedicel and flagellar segment 3 and 4 black (broken past 4). Head orange with black spot on each side of occipital foramen. Mesosoma black; upper and lower surfaces of propleuron, pronotum except black spot on lower third, and mesonotum except black anterior margin and lateral sides of mesoscutellum orange. Legs orange with coxae black and foretrochanter brownish, mid- and hind trochanters black. Metasoma orange with apex of first segment and lateral areas of segments 3 - 5 blackish; ovipositor sheath orange with apex black. Forewing with anterior half black, posterior half hyaline to slightly yellowish, stigma dark orange with black at center, marginal radial vein and 2 r orange, remaining veins black; hind wing almost uniformly blackish; veins and stigma black. Head: Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 102). Head from above straight behind eyes then narrowing posteriorly, length of head about 0.7 X eye length (Fig. 103). Occipital carina very narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Shining with fine white pubescence, pubescence denser on lower inner orbits and malar area. Vertex and gena practically impunctate (Fig. 103); frons very finely reticulate (Fig. 102). Mesosoma: Anterior margin of pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Reticulate; propleuron shining, with few punctures laterally and dorsally; central diagonal band on pronotum and posterior margin of mesopleuron scrobiculate; mesepimeron with finer sculpture than rest of mesosoma (Figs 104, 105). Hind coxa about 2.1 X longer than broad, densely punctured with distinct transverse carinae; diagonal ovipositor guide near apex on inner surface. Hind basitarsus 1.4 X longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Tarsal claws with 5 teeth plus small basal lobe, lower tooth smallest. Forewing with cells 1 M and 2 RS separated by long vein Rs + M (as in Fig. 91). Hind wing with cells Cu and R 1 + Rs separated by vein M (as in Fig. 104). Metasoma: Segments 2 to apex with fine white pubescence and with fine punctures. Ovipositor length 0.8 X forewing length. Male: Unknown. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ Mexico: Guerrero, 32 miles southeast Petatlan, July 10, 1985, Jones, Schaffner ” (TAMU). Paratype: Est. Palo Verde, 10 m, Ref. Nac. Fauna Silv. R. L. Rodriguez, Prov. Guan., Costa Rica, U. Chavarria, May 1991, L-N- 259000, 388400 ” “ Costa Rica, INBIO CRI 000 510783 ” (1 ♀, INBio).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD26723FEF941BCEA4B62A9.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin niger (black) and coxae, referring the black coxae, contrasting with the bright orange of the rest of the legs.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD26723FEF941BCEA4B62A9.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The paratype has the interocellar area blackish, most of the hind femur black, and more black on the metasoma with the apical half of the first segment and the entire second segment black. Also, the transverse carinae on the mesoscutum are more distinct. See remarks under P. torridus.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD46721FEF94136EF19608B.taxon	description	(Figs 106 - 110)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD46721FEF94136EF19608B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: All orange except hind femur black. Wings black with paler to hyaline spot at center of anterior margin just basal to stigma. Head shining. Mesonotum densely punctate, without transverse carinae. Hind coxa smooth, shining. Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 11.0 mm; forewing length 9.0 mm; ovipositor length 6.0 mm. Color: Antenna with scape and pedicel orange, flagellar segments 2 and 3 black (broken beyond 4). Head orange. Mesosoma orange with posterior spot and narrow medial line on venter of propleuron, narrow anterior margin of pronotum, mesosternum, and extreme lower portion of metapleuron black. Legs with forecoxa black, mid- and hind coxae orange with black on inner surfaces; trochanters orange; femora black except extreme base and apex orange; fore- and midtibiae yellowish, hind tibia with basal half yellow, apical half black; tarsi yellow. Metasoma orange with lateral and ventral portions of segments 1 - 6 and medial spot on tergites 2 - 5 blackish; ovipositor sheath black with white streak on outer surface of basal half. Forewing almost completely black with hyaline to yellowish spot near anterior margin basal to stigma (Fig. 110); hind wing uniformly black; veins and stigma black. Head: Lower interocular distance 1.4 X eye height, very slightly longer; malar space 0.25 X eye height (Fig. 106). Occipital carina very narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Head from above long, roundly narrowing behind eyes, about subequal to eye length (Fig. 107). Shining, practically impunctate, with fine white pubescence (Figs 106, 107). Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron shining, with few punctures laterally; rest of mesosoma shining, reticulate; hind margin of mesopleuron narrowly scrobiculate (Figs 108, 109). Hind coxa about 2 X longer than broad; smooth and shining (Fig. 108). Tarsal claws with 5 teeth, lower tooth smallest. Hind basitarsus 1.1 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs contiguous, without connecting vein Rs + M (Fig. 110). Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs contiguous (Fig. 110). Metasoma: Segments 2 to apex with fine white pubescence and fine punctures. Ovipositor length about 0.7 X forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD46721FEF94136EF19608B.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Vemale, labeled “ Malpica, Mexico, Sinaloa, 29 June 1961, R. A. Scheibner ” (MSU).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD46721FEF94136EF19608B.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin uni (one) and macula (spot), referring to the one hyaline spot on the forewing basal to the stigma.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD46721FEF94136EF19608B.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The single hyaline spot at the anterocentral part of the forewing is not known in other Pristaulacus species.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD66720FEF94711EFD16740.taxon	description	(Figs 111 - 114)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD66720FEF94711EFD16740.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: All orange except antennal flagellum and hind femur black. Forewing with posterior half black, anterior half paler, to hyaline. Head shining. Mesonotum densely punctate without transverse carinae. Hind coxa smooth, shining. Pronotum with one short, blunt anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 14.0 mm; forewing length, 10.0 mm; ovipositor length, 7.0 mm. Color: Antenna with scape and pedicel orange, flagellar segment 3 - 5 black, 6 orange (broken beyond 6). Head, mesosoma, and metasoma orange with lateral portion of venter of segments 2 - 4 or 5 blackish. Legs orange; midfemur brownish; hind femur black except extreme apex orange; hind tibia brownish yellow, apex darkest; tarsi white with apical segment black. Ovipositor sheath black with white streak on outer surface of basal third. Forewing with anterior half hyaline to yellowish, posterior half black; hind wing black, somewhat paler on anterior half; stigma and anterior veins yellowish, veins black in black portion. Head: Lower interocular distance 1.1 X eye height, very slightly longer; malar space about 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 111). From above, head behind eyes roundly narrowing, length behind eyes about 0.9 X eye length (Fig. 112). Occipital carina very small, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Entirely shining and practically impunctate with white pubescence; frons, interantennal area, and clypeus with very few fine scattered punctures (Figs 111, 112). Mesosoma: Pronotum with one short, blunt anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron shining, smooth, with few fine punctures especially dorsally; rest of mesosoma shining, almost evenly reticulate with central diagonal band on pronotum and narrow posterior margin of mesopleuron somewhat scrobiculate (Figs 113, 114). Hind coxa about 2.0 X longer than broad, smooth and shining. Tarsal claws with 5 teeth, lower tooth smallest. Hind basitarsus about 1.3 X longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with very short vein Rs + M separating cells 1 M and 1 Rs (as in Fig. 157). Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs contiguous (as in Fig. 110). Metasoma: Segments 2 to apex with fine white pubescence and fine punctures. Ovipositor length about 0.7 X forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD66720FEF94711EFD16740.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, labeled “ 10 mi. north Holpechen Camp, Mex., IV- 17 - 1962, L. A. Stange, Collector ” (UCD).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD66720FEF94711EFD16740.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin post (rear) and ala (wing), referring to the black posterior part of the forewing.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD66720FEF94711EFD16740.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This is the only species I have seen that has the posterior half of the forewing black and the anterior half hyaline to yellowish.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD8672EFEF945B4ED8765AE.taxon	description	(Figs 115 - 119)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD8672EFEF945B4ED8765AE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: All orange; antenna with white band. Forewing black with paler to hyaline spot at center of anterior margin just basal to stigma; costa and stigma orange. Head shining. Mesonotum densely punctate, without transverse carinae. Hind coxa smooth, shining, with very fine cross striations. Pronotum with a blunt anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 10.5 mm; forewing length, 9.0 mm; ovipositor length, 7.0 mm. Color: Antenna with scape and pedicel orange; flagellar segment 3 and outer surface of 4 and 5 black, inner surface of 4 and 5 and all of 6 - 7 orange, segments 8 and 9 white, segments 10 to apex black. Head, body, and legs orange; tarsi yellowish; ovipositor sheath black with white streak on outer surface of basal half. Forewing black at base and black central spot on apical half with intervening hyaline to yellowish spots from radial cell to stigma and posteriorly to ventral apical area (Fig. 119). stigma and veins in hyaline to yellowish part orange to brownish, those in black areas black; hind wing uniformly black, veins black. Head: Antennal length 2.5 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 115). Head from above broad behind eyes, then roundly narrowing, head length about 0.7 X eye length (Fig. 116). Occipital carina very small, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Shining with white pubescence, practically impunctate; few very fine widely scatter punctures on frons, slightly denser on supraclypeal area and clypeus (Figs 115, 116). Mesosoma: Anterior margin of pronotum with short, blunt anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron shining, with very fine scattered punctures. Rest of mesosoma shining, evenly reticulate, posterior margin of mesopleuron narrowly scrobiculate and upper part of pronotum and metapleuron more punctate (Figs 117, 118). Hind coxa smooth and shining, 2 X longer than broad, with diagonal ovipositor guide near apex on inner surface. Hind basitarsus about 1.2 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Tarsal claws with 5 teeth, lower tooth smallest. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs contiguous not separated by vein Rs + M (Fig. 119). Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs contiguous (as in Fig. 110). Metasoma: Segments 2 to apex with fine white pubescence and fine punctures. Ovipositor length 0.8 X forewing length. Male: Unknown. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ Honduras: Francisco, Morazan, 25 km. S. Talanga (Hacienda Hachado), 11 - V- 1993, L. Stange & R. Miller ” (FSCA). Paratype: # 15 – “ Los Mayos, Sinaloa, Mex., VII- 24 - 52, J. D. Lattin, Collector ” (1 ♀, UCB).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD8672EFEF945B4ED8765AE.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Named for LIONEL STANGE, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville, FL.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD8672EFEF945B4ED8765AE.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The paratype has the costal cell more infuscate than the yellowish costal cell of the holotype. I have not seen other species of Pristaulacus with the maculation as in Fig. 119.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD9672CFF454031ECC1627B.taxon	description	(Figs 120 - 123)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD9672CFF454031ECC1627B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head yellow with black spot on vertex; mesosoma black, pronotum yellow; metasoma and legs yellow. Wings hyaline without black spots. Head shining. Mesosoma with anterolateral corners of mesonotum lobed; mesoscutal middle lobe with transverse carinae. Hind coxa shining, smooth. Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Unknown. Male: Length, 12.0 mm; forewing length, 8.0 mm. Color: Antenna with scape and pedicel yellow, flagellar segments 3 - 5 black (segments beyond 5 missing). Head yellow with large black area on vertex and frons, black at center of vertex from near occipital carina touching upper inner margin of eyes, through ocelli to center of frons. Mesosoma black with propleuron and pronotum yellow orange. Legs yellow orange with black stripe on outer surface of hind tibia. Metasoma orange. Wings hyaline without black spots; veins and stigma brownish. Head: Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.25 X eye height (Fig. 120). Head from above straight behind eyes then roundly narrowing, subequal to eye length (Fig. 121). Occipital carina very narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Entirely shining with white pubescence and practically impunctate, with very few widely scattered fine punctures (Figs 120, 121). Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron shining, impunctate. Mesonotum shining, mostly reticulate, mesoscutal middle lobe and mesoscutellum with faint transverse sculpturation at center; anterior lobes of mesoscutum roundly protuberant (Fig. 123). Pleura reticulate, posterior margin of mesopleuron narrowly scrobiculate (Fig. 122). Hind coxa nearly 3.0 X longer than broad, smooth and shining. Hind basitarsus about 1.3 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Tarsal claws with 5 teeth, lower tooth smallest, and with small basal lobe. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs contiguous, not separated by vein Rs + M (as in Fig. 97); intercostal area about same width as stigma. Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs separated by vein M (as in Fig. 104). Metasoma: Smooth, shining, with fine white pubescence on segments 3 to apex.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD9672CFF454031ECC1627B.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, labeled “ Mexico: Guerrero, 6 miles east of Xochipala, July 13, 1985, Jones, Schaffner ” (TAMU).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD9672CFF454031ECC1627B.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Vrom the Latin, tenuis, referring to the slender appearance of the species.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFD9672CFF454031ECC1627B.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This species resembles the male of P. decorus, but in P. tenuis the wings are clear, the coxae are long, nearly three times longer than broad, and the mesoscutal lobes are sculptured. The intercostal area is broad as in P. decorus, but it is about equal to the width of the stigma in P. tenuis whereas it is broader than the stigma in P. decorus.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDB672AFF454665EF3360A3.taxon	description	(Figs 124 - 127)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDB672AFF454665EF3360A3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Mesosoma and metasoma black. Wings hyaline, without black spots. Head shining. Mesosoma shining, with transverse carinae. Hind coxa shining, smooth, elongate. Anterior margin of pronotum with one tooth. Female: Unknown. Male: Length, 6.5 mm; forewing length, 4.5 mm. Color: Antenna black with scape yellow. Head orange yellow with large area on vertex and frons black, black area from near occipital carina to upper inner orbits through ocelli to lower three-quarters of frons. Mesosoma black with propleuron orange yellow. Legs orange yellow with hind coxa and trochanter black, hind femur and hind tibia with black streak on outer surfaces, and hind tarsus brown. Metasoma black with second tergite with orange band and lateral orange areas on segments 3 and 4. Wings hyaline, without black spots; veins and stigma brownish. Head: Antennal length 4.0 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 124). From above head behind eyes roundly narrowing, about 0.6 X eye length (Fig. 125). Occipital carina very small, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Head smooth and shining with white pubescence, pubescence densest on lower frons, lower inner orbits, and malar area; practically impunctate, several small widely scattered punctures on frons (Figs 124, 125). Mesosoma: Pronotum with one anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron smooth and shining, few punctures on posterior half. Rest of mesonotum shining; mesoscutal middle lobe with about 6 transverse carinae; mesoscutal lateral lobe smooth, shining, reticulate posteriorly; axillae somewhat reticulate; mesoscutellum with several transverse carinae at center; pleura mostly reticulate with dorsoanterior area on mesopleuron and anterior band on metapleuron finely punctate (Figs 126, 127). Hind coxa long, 3.2 X longer than broad, smooth and shining. Tarsal claws with 4 teeth, basal tooth may represent small acute basal lobe. Hind basitarsus 1.1 X length of following tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by short Rs + M vein (as in Fig. 91). Hind wing with veins faint to absent (as in Fig. 157). Metasoma: Segments 2 to apex with fine white pubescence and fine punctures. Types: Holotype: Male, labeled “ Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mex., VI- 27 - 52, E. E. Gilbert, C. D. MacNeil, Collectors ” (UCB). Paratypes: MEXICO: 4 mi NW Tepanco de Lopez, Puebla, VII. 2.53, Univ. Kans Mex. Expedition (1 ♂, UKAN); Oaxaca, Crawford (1 ♂, USNM); 14 mi. W. Ojuelos de Jalisco, 7360 ft., July 7, 1972, B. & C. Dasch (1 ♂, AEI).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDB672AFF454665EF3360A3.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin adjective decolor, meaning without color, referring to the lack of black spots on the wings.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDB672AFF454665EF3360A3.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The forewing is entirely clear, without dark spots. I have not seen females with which this species can be associated.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDD6729FF45472CED4A6760.taxon	description	(Figs 128 - 131)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDD6729FF45472CED4A6760.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head, mesosoma, and legs orange, metasoma black. Forewing with one black apical spot. Head shining. Mesosoma with transverse carinae. Hind coxa smooth, shining, elongate. Anterior margin of pronotum without tooth. Female: Unknown. Male: Length, 15.0 mm; forewing length 11.5 mm. Color: Antenna with scape orange, pedicel and basal 6 flagellomeres black (segments beyond 6 missing). Head orange with brownish band bordering occiput. Mesosoma orange with mesoscutal middle lobe blackish. Legs orange (hind legs missing beyond coxae). Metasoma black. Wings hyaline with black spot at apex of forewing; veins and stigma black. Head: Lower interocular distance shorter, about 0.8 X, eye height; malar space about 0.2 X eye height (Fig. 128). Occipital carina narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. From above, straight then roundly narrowing behind eyes, distance behind eyes about 0.7 eye length (Fig. 129). Front ocellus in distinct depression (Fig. 128). Head smooth and shining, vertex and gena with widely spaced punctures, interspaces much longer than puncture diameters; frons with widely scattered somewhat larger punctures, separated by distances more than puncture diameters, interspaces with fine microsculpture (Figs 128, 129). Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron shining, almost impunctate. Mesonotum shining, without sculpture on front downturned portion of mesoscutal middle lobe, with coarse transverse carinae dorsally; pronotum almost impunctate, large smooth shining area at center, slight reticulations on posterior margin; mesopleuron almost impunctate, microsculptured with some large reticulations ventroanteriorly and dorsoposteriorly; metapleuron microsculptured with 5 or 6 carinae ventrally; propodeum microsculptured but more reticulate around metasomal insertion and posteriorly (Figs 130, 131). Hind coxa long, about 3.3 X longer than broad, smooth and shining. Tarsal claws with 4 teeth. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by long Rs + M vein (as in Fig. 91). Hind with veins faint to absent (as in Fig. 157). Metasoma: Smooth, shining; fine white pubescence at apex of segment 2 to apex, especially laterally.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDD6729FF45472CED4A6760.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, labeled “ Sendero, Pailas, Catarata, Prov. Guan., Costa Rica, 800 m, 11 - 12 Ene 1994, M. Zumbado, LN 306300 _ 388600 # 2666, ” “ Costa Rica INBIO CRI 001 725804 ” (INBio) (“ Guan ” = Guanacaste).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDD6729FF45472CED4A6760.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin singulus, meaning single spot, referring to the single black spot at the apex of the forewing.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDD6729FF45472CED4A6760.taxon	discussion	Remarks: I have not seen females with which this species can be associated.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDF6757FF4545B4EA096504.taxon	description	(Figs 132 - 135)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDF6757FF4545B4EA096504.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Entirely orange. Forewing black at apex only (though a very small indistinct spot under stigma). Head shining. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae. Hind coxa smooth, shining. Anterior margin of pronotum with one anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 8.0 mm; forewing length, 6.5 mm; ovipositor length, 6.5 mm. Color: Orange; antennal flagellum and ovipositor sheath black. Wings hyaline; forewing with black spot at apex; veins and stigma amber. Head: Antennal length 3.5 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.25 X eye height (Fig. 132). From above, head behind eyes roundly narrowing but long, about 0.8 X eye length (Fig. 133). Occipital carina very narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Smooth and shining, practically impunctate, with white pubescence, pubescence densest above antennae, and on inner orbits and malar area (Figs 132, 133). Mesosoma: Pronotum with anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron smooth, shining, impunctate. Mesoscutal middle lobe with about 6 transverse carinae; mesoscutal lateral lobes reticulate; axillae slightly reticulate; mesoscutellum with about 6 transverse carinae at center; pronotum reticulate, except ventroanteriorly with fine punctures; mesopleuron finely punctured, reticulate anteroventrally and on posterior margin; metapleuron finely punctured dorsally, rest reticulate; propodeum reticulate (Figs 134, 135). Hind coxa about 3 X longer than broad, smooth and shining. Hind basitarsus 1.3 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Tarsal claws with 4 teeth. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by short vein Rs + M (as in Fig. 91). Hind wing veins absent (as in Fig. 157). Metasoma: Segments 2 to apex with fine white pubescence and fine punctures. Ovipositor length subequal to forewing length. Male: Length, 7.5 mm; forewing length, 5.0 mm. Color and structure similar to female. Types: Holotype: Female, “ Mexico, Oaxaca, 16 mi N. of Juchitan, 2 July 1955, R. E. Beer & party (UKAN). Paratypes: MEXICO: Same data as holotype except 13 July 1989, # 036 (1 ♂, UKAN); Sin., Mazatlan, 31 July 1964, W. R. M. Mason (1 ♀, CNC); Jalisco, Chamela Bio. Stn., 10 July 1989, A. Roig Alsina, C. Michener, R. Brooks, ex. malaise trap # 002 ” (1 ♂, UKAN).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDF6757FF4545B4EA096504.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin candidus, meaning bright, shining, referring to the texture of the head.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFDF6757FF4545B4EA096504.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The entirely orange color, shining head and hind coxae, and presence of a tooth on the anterior margin of the pronotum separate this species from other mostly orange Pristaulacus.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA06755FEF9418BED876336.taxon	description	(Figs 136 - 139)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA06755FEF9418BED876336.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Entirely black. Forewing with black spot below stigma and black spot at apex. Head shining. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae. Hind coxa smooth, shining. Anterior margin of pronotum with anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Unknown. Male: Length, 7.5 mm; forewing length, 5.0 mm. Color: Black with antennal scape (antenna missing beyond segment 8), spot on posterior margin of vertex, first metasomal segment, and legs beyond trochanters dark orange; hind femur, hind tibia, and hind tarsus brownish to black. Wings hyaline; forewing with black spot under stigma and black spot at apex; veins and stigma black. Head: Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 136). From above, roundly narrowing behind eyes, about 0.7 X eye length (Fig. 137). Occipital carina broad, nearly half diameter of an ocellus. Shining with fine white pubescence, pubescence densest on lower frons, lower inner orbits and malar area; vertex with very widely scattered punctures, much farther apart than puncture diameters; frons with punctures, those at center close together, otherwise similar to vertex (Figs 136, 137). Mesosoma: Pronotum with anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron shining, without sculpture. Mesoscutal middle lobe with somewhat transverse carinae, rest of mesonotum reticulate. Pleura mostly reticulate with ventroanterior portion of pronotum and upper portion of mesopleuron finely punctate and posterior margin of mesopleuron somewhat scrobiculate (Figs 138, 139). Hind coxa about 3 X longer than broad, shining, with very fine transverse carinae, especially evident on sides. Tarsal claws with 4 teeth, basal tooth very small, possibly representing small acute basal lobe. Hind basitarsus 1.2 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by very short vein Rs + M (as in Fig. 91). Hind wing veins faint to absent (as in Fig. 157). Metasoma: Segment 2 to apex with fine pubescence and finely punctate. Types: Holotype: Male, labeled “ Mexico, Tamaulipas, Atlas Cumbres, 12 mi. W. Cd. Victoria, February 18, 1986, R. Jones (1, TAMU). Paratype: MEXICO: Rancho del Ciclo, Tamaulipas, May 1954, J. Heckenla: ble [?, not legible] (1 ♂, UMINN).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA06755FEF9418BED876336.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin omnino (entirely) and niger (black), referring to the entirely black color of this species.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA06755FEF9418BED876336.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This species cannot be associated with described females. The black color is similar to P. annulatus, but P. omninoniger lacks punctures on the head, has a black spot under the stigma of the forewing, and has most of the legs beyond the trochanters brown to dark orange.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA26754FEF947ACEF4F6718.taxon	description	(Figs 140 - 143)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA26754FEF947ACEF4F6718.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Entirely black with metasoma red and apex black. Forewing with black spot below stigma and black spot at apex. Head shining. Mesonotum dull, with dense punctures, some fine transverse carinae. Hind coxa dull, with cross striations. Anterior margin of pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Unknown. Male: Length, 14.0 mm; forewing length, 9.5 mm. Color: Black; metasoma with apical 2 / 3 of first segment and segments 2 and 3 orange. Wings hyaline; forewing with black spot under stigma and black spot at apex; veins and stigma black. Head: Antennal length 2.2 X head width. Lower interocular distance longer, 1.1 X, eye height; malar space about 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 140). From above, head behind eyes sharply roundly narrowing, length behind eyes about 0.8 X eye length (Fig. 141). Occipital carina narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. Shining, rather evenly covered with white pubescence; vertex and gena with widely scattered punctures, separated by flat interspaces 2 X or more puncture diameters; frons densely punctate with contiguous punctures; punctures of interantennal area and clypeus not as dense or close together as those on frons (Figs 140, 141). Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron shining, with fine punctures. Mesonotum shining, almost evenly reticulate; pleura and propodeum reticulate with reticulations coarser on anteroventral portion of pronotum, and very fine on upper portion of metapleuron (Figs 142, 143). Hind coxa about 3.2 X longer than broad; densely punctate, with transverse carinae. Tarsal claws with 5 teeth, lower tooth smallest and indistinct basal lobe. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs contiguous not separated by vein Rs + M (as in Fig. 97). Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs separated by vein M (as in Fig. 104). Metasoma: Smooth, shining, with fine white pubescence on segments 3 to apex.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA26754FEF947ACEF4F6718.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, labeled “ San Pedro Iturbide, 32 + Km W. Linares, X. 6.62, N. L., Mex., H. & M. Townes ” (AEI).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA26754FEF947ACEF4F6718.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Named for the late HENRY K. TOWNES, who revised the Nearctic species of Aulacidae.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA26754FEF947ACEF4F6718.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The color is similar to P. arizonicus and P. rufitarsus, both known from females. Pristaulacus townesi differs by the hyaline forewing with black below the stigma and at the apex, shining head, and narrow occipital carina.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA46752FEF945B6EA1065B9.taxon	description	(Figs 144 - 147)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA46752FEF945B6EA1065B9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head and mesosoma black; mesoscutal middle lobe with transverse carinae; occipital carina flangelike; head punctate, frons with closely set punctures. Female: Length, 13.5 - 15.0 mm; forewing length, 12.5 - 13.5 mm; ovipositor length 18.0 - 20.0 mm. Color: Black; first metasomal except streak at base and segments 2 and 3 and basal part of 4 orange. Wings slightly dusky; forewing with black spot under stigma and at apex; veins and stigma black. Head: Lower interocular distance 1.4 X eye height; malar space neatly 0.5 X eye height (Fig. 144). Head from above, sharply narrowing behind eyes, distance behind eyes subequal to eye length (Fig. 145). Occipital carina broad, flangelike, more than half diameter of an ocellus (Fig. 145). Shining; gena and vertex with large punctures, mostly separated by flat, shining interspaces 2 X or more puncture diameters; frons with closely set punctures, interspaces ridgelike, mostly equal to puncture diameters; with fine white pubescence, densest on lower inner orbits, malar area, and clypeus (Figs 144, 145). Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron punctate. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae; axillae and sides of mesoscutellum reticulate, center of mesoscutellum with transverse carinae; propleuron shining, punctate; pronotum mostly punctate, punctures finer dorsoposteriorly; mesopleuron finely punctate on upper half, reticulate mixed with punctures on lower half; metapleuron mostly reticulate; propodeum finely punctate to reticulate, shining with few carinae near metasomal insertion (Figs 146, 147). Hind coxa with transverse carinae. Tarsal claws with 4 teeth. Hind basitarsus slightly longer than remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with long vein Rs + M separating cells 1 M and 1 Rs (as in Fig. 157). Hind wing veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs contiguous (as in Fig. 110). Metasoma: Smooth, shining, with fine white pubescence on segments 4 to apex. Ovipositor length about 1.5 X forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA46752FEF945B6EA1065B9.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female is at OSU, labeled “ Chiricahua M., Ar, VII- 26 - 87, ” “ D. J. & J. N. Knull Collrs, ” “ Holotype ” [red], “ Pristaulacus arizonicus Tow. type ” [TOWNES’ name label]. Specimens examined: UNITED STATES. ARIZONA: Cochise Co., Cave Cr. Canyon, Chiricahua Mts., Southwestern Research Station, 5350 ', 81 ° 53 ' N, 109 ° 12 ' W, 22. VI- 1999 (1 ♀, USNM); Chiricahua M., VIII- 2 - 52 (1 ♀, USNM); Mt. Lemmon, Sta. Catalina Mts., 3 - 4. VIII. 67 (1 ♀, CNC); Apache Co., Hawley L., 8300 ’, 8.5.82 (2 ♀♀, CAS), same except VIII- 1 - 82 (1 ♀, CAS); Williams, VII- 22 - 50 and VIII- 2 - 52 (6 ♀♀, OSU); 5 mi NW Flagstaff, Coconimo Co., 7000 ft., July 29, 1950 (1 ♀, AMNH).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA46752FEF945B6EA1065B9.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This large black species with the metasoma partly orange has been found only in Arizona.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA56750FF454027EF5B676E.taxon	description	(Figs 148 - 151)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA56750FF454027EF5B676E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Wings uniformly lightly infuscate, without dark spots; head and mesosoma black, hind tarsus white to reddish, always paler than hind femur and tibia; head with widely scattered punctures; mesoscutum with transverse carinae. Tarsal claws with 3 teeth. Female: Length 10.0 - 12.0 mm; forewing length, 8.0 - 9.5 mm; ovipositor length 9.5 - 10.5 mm. Color: Black; base of first metasomal segment red. Legs black with fore- and mid femora and tibiae brown, all tarsi reddish brown to white. Wings uniformly lightly infuscate, forewing without black spots; veins and stigma black. Head: Lower interocular distance about 1.3 X eye height; malar space 0.4 X eye height (Fig. 148). Head from above, straight, then roundly narrowing behind eyes, distance behind eyes about equal to eye length (Fig. 149). Occipital carina narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus (Fig. 149). Shining; gena and vertex almost impunctate with fine widely scattered punctures, separated by broad shining flat interspaces several times puncture diameters; frons with more closely set punctures, separate by a distance of about puncture diameter; with fine white pubescence, densest and longest on lower inner orbits, malar area, and clypeus (Figs 148, 149). Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron punctate. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae; axillae and mesoscutellum mostly punctate to reticulate, several transverse carinae indicated at center of mesoscutellum; propleuron shining, with few scattered punctures; pronotum mostly punctate, slightly reticulate dorsoposteriorly; mesopleuron punctate on dorsal third, reticulate ventrally, with narrow scrobiculate band posteriorly; metapleuron mostly reticulate, dorsal portion with few carinae; propodeum coarsely reticulate (Figs 150, 151). Hind coxae punctate, with distinct transverse carinae. Tarsal claws with 3 teeth. Hindbasitarsus slightly longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by vein Rs + M (as in Fig. 157). Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs contiguous (as in Fig. 110). Metasoma: Smooth, shining, with fine white pubescence on segments 3 to apex. Ovipositor length subequal to forewing length. Male: Length, 9.0 - 12.0 mm; forewing length, 7.5 - 9.5 mm. Color and structure similar to female except apical metasomal segments, usually from 5 to apex, usually black.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA56750FF454027EF5B676E.taxon	materials_examined	Type: Female (ANSP) from “ Colo. ” CRESSON (1864) described the species from “ Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. ” Specimens examined: Numerous specimens, transcontinental in Canada and northern United States extending south to Georgia in the East and to New Mexico, Arizona, and California in the West. UNITED STATES. ARIZONA: Jacob Lake, Coconimo Co., VII- 24 - 1952 (1 ♀, AMNH); Rustler Park, Chiricahua Mts., Cochise Co., July 17, 1957 (1 ♀, AMNH); Rustlers Park, Chir., Mts., 8400 ’, VI- 25 - 1956 (1 ♀, CNC). NEW MEXICO: Emory Pass, Sierra Co., 7200 - 8178 ft., July 18, 1964 (1 ♀, AMNH).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA56750FF454027EF5B676E.taxon	biology_ecology	Hosts: Buprestidae and Cereambycidae, mostly from conifers; reared from Chrysobothris caurina HORN (Buprestidae) in Pinus ponderosa DOUGL. ex LAWS.; from Melanophila fulvoguttata (HARRIS) (Buprestidae) in Tusga canadensis (L.) CARR.; from Melanophila drummondi (KIRBY) (Buprestidae) in Abies concolor (GORD. & GLEN.) Lindl.; from Sapeda calcarata SAY (Cerambycidae) in Populus tremuloides MICHX.; from Graphisurus sp. (Cerambycidae); Chrysophana placida (LECONTE) (Buprestidae); in cone of Pinus attenuate LEMM.; reared from Pinus arizonica ENGELM., P. lambertiana DOUGL., P. flexilis JAMES; Libodedrus decurrens TORR., Tsuga mertensiana (BONG.) CARR. (TOWNES 1950, SMITH 2001).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA56750FF454027EF5B676E.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This is a widespread and common species in the coniferous forests of North America. The specimens from the mountains of southern Arizona and New Mexico are the southernmost known records, though it is likely to occur in Mexico. It can be separated from the other Nearctic species using the keys in TOWNES (1950) and SMITH (1996). Distribution records also are given in those publications.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA8675DFEF945B4EDAD6066.taxon	description	(Figs 152 - 157)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA8675DFEF945B4EDAD6066.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Black with legs a contrasting red. Forewing with black spot below stigma and black spot at apex. Head shining, elongate behind eyes. Mesonotum densely reticulate to punctate. Hind coxa shining, with cross striations. Anterior margin of pronotum with one tooth. Female: Length, 9.0 mm; forewing length, 7.0 mm; ovipositor length, 9.0 mm. Color: Black with base of antennal scape, mandible except apex, clypeus and outer edge of malar space, spot at sides of first metasoma segment dark orange. Legs bright orange to brown; hind coxa may be dark brown, apical tarsal segment of tarsi black. Ovipositor sheath black. Wings hyaline; forewing with black spot under stigma and black spot at apex (Fig. 157); veins and stigma black. Head: Antennal length 3.3 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.25 X eye height (Fig. 152). From above, head long behind eyes, straight then roundly narrowing, about subequal to slightly longer than eye length (Fig. 153); in lateral aspect, eye far removed from posterior margin of head (Fig. 154). Occipital carina narrow, about 0.2 X diameter of an ocellus. Shining with fine white pubescence, pubescence densest on lower frons, inner orbits and malar area; gena and vertex shining, almost impunctate; lower frons, interantennal area, and clypeus finely punctate (Figs 152 - 154). Mesosoma: Pronotum with anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron finely punctate. Mesosoma reticulate with center of mesoscutal middle lobe, posterior portions of mesoscutal lateral lobes and center of mesoscutellum with more transverse sculpturation; pleura and propodeum reticulate; anteroventral portion of pronotum and upper area on mesopleuron more finely punctured, narrow posterior margin of mesopleuron scrobiculate (Figs 155, 156). Hind coxa about 2.4 X longer than broad, shining, with transverse carinae, with diagonal ovipositor guide near apex on inner surface. Tarsal claws with 5 teeth, inner tooth small and indistinct, and indistinct basal lobe. Hind basitarsus 1.2 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs touching or separated by very short vein Rs + M (Fig. 157). Hindwing veins faint to absent (Fig. 157). Metasoma: Segments 2 to apex with fine white pubescence and fine punctures. Ovipositor length 1.3 X forewing length. Male: Length, 8.5 mm; forewing length, 7.0 mm. Color and structure similar to female. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ Tex., San Patricio Co., Welder Wildlife Refuge, em. 21 - 31 Oct. 1981, R. Turnbow; ex Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. ” (UGA). Paratypes: MEXICO: Chis: Mirador Chicoasen, nr Tuxtia Gut., 24 Oct. 86, E. Fisher, D. Thomas (1 ♀, CDA); Morelos: Cuantla, IX- 7 - 1922, C. C. Hoffman (2 ♂♂, AMNH); Tamps Ca. San Antonio, Ruta 101 W. Co. Victoria, 24, 26 - VI- 81, B. Miller, C. Porter, L. Stange, C. Porter Collection (1 ♂, FSCA); La Ventosa, 72 mi. E. Oax., VII- 21 - 68, J. Doyen, Collector (1 ♀, UCB); Teocaltiche, Jal., 5600 ’, VIII- 26 - 1979, B. Villegas (1 ♀, UCD) [broken]. UNITED STATES: TEXAS: Same data as holotype (1 ♂, UGA); same data as holotype except em. 10 - 20 May 1980, ex Acacia rigidula Benth (1 ♂, UGA); Live Oak Co., 1 mi ne Three Rivers, V- 8 - 1987, D. J. Heffern, coll. (1 ♀, CSU); McMullen Co., 5 mi. W Tilden, 1 May 1982, R. Turnbow (1 ♀, UGA); Jim Wells Co., Alice, 15 - IV- 1986, S. G. Wellso (1 ♀, MSU).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA8675DFEF945B4EDAD6066.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Vrom the Latin rufi (red) and cruris (leg), referring to the entirely red legs.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA8675DFEF945B4EDAD6066.taxon	biology_ecology	Host: One specimen was apparently reared from Acacia rigidula BENTH. (Fabaceae).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFA8675DFEF945B4EDAD6066.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The hind coxa of the male may be entirely orange to blackish. The black head and body with the contrasting bright orange legs, densely punctate-reticulate mesonotum, and the single tooth on the anterior margin of the pronotum are helpful in identifying P. ruficruris.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAA675CFEF94469EF60672B.taxon	description	(Figs 158 - 163)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAA675CFEF94469EF60672B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Entirely orange. Forewing with black spot under stigma and black at apex. Head shining. Mesonotum reticulate to punctate. Propleuron and hind coxa smooth, shining. Anterior margin of pronotum without tooth. Female: Length, 14.0 mm; forewing length, 10.0 mm; ovipositor length, 9.0 mm. Color: Orange; ovipositor sheath black. Wings lightly infuscate; forewing with dark spot under stigma and at apex; veins and stigma black (Fig. 163). Head: Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.25 X eye height (Fig. 158). Occipital carina narrow, about 0.3 X or less diameter of an ocellus. From above long and narrowing behind eyes, length behind eyes subequal to eye length (Fig. 159). Shining with fine white pubescence, pubescence densest on lower inner orbits, malar area, interantennal area, and clypeus. Vertex and gena smooth and shining, impunctate (Figs 159, 160); frons with small punctures about as close together as puncture diameters (Fig. 158). Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron shining, almost impunctate. Mesonotum (Fig. 161) shining; mesoscutal middle lobe with transverse carinae, lateral lobes reticulate; axillae and mesoscutellum mostly finely reticulate to punctate; pleura and propodeum (Fig. 162) almost evenly reticulate, small more punctate areas on upper portion of meso- and metapleura. Hind coxa smooth and shining. Tarsal claws with 5 teeth. Hind basitarsus subequal in length to length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Cells 1 M and 1 Rs of forewing almost contiguous, vein Rs + M separating them very short (Fig. 163). Hind wing with veins distinct, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs separated by vein M (as in Fig. 104). Metasoma: Segments 2 to apex with fine white pubescence and fine punctures. Ovipositor about 0.9 X length of forewing. Male: Unknown. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ 6 mi. south Temixco, Mor., Mex., VII- 16 - 1963, F. D. Parker, L. A. Stange, Collectors ” (UCD). Paratypes: MEXICO: GUERRERO: 18.2 mi. S. Iguala, VII- 5 - 1987, 3000 ft., R. Wharton (1 ♀, TAMU). JALISCO: Chamela Biol. Stn., 16 July 1989, R. Brooks, C. Michener, A. Roig Alsina # 054, ex Malaise trap (1 ♀, UKAN), same except A. Roig Alsina, C. Michener, R. Brooks (1 ♀, UKAN); same except 11 July 1989, A. Roig Alsina, C. Michener, R. Borroks # 018 (1 ♀, UKAN); Chamela Res. Sta., 25 Aug. 1986, M. Sanchez – M. T. (1 ♀, USU), same except 4 Aug. 1986 (1 ♀, USU). MORELOS: Same data as holotype (1 ♀, UCD); Yautepec, VII- 31 - 1963, F. D. Parker, L. A. Stange, Collectors (1 ♀, UCD). Other specimens: MEXICO: Oaxaca, 5 km N Huajapan de León, 5 - X- 1986, R. Miller & L. Stange (1 [metasoma missing], FSCA).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAA675CFEF94469EF60672B.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Named for FRANK D. PARKER, who collected the holotype and some paratypes of this species.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAA675CFEF94469EF60672B.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The orange color and size are similar to P. totoferrugineus. Pristaulacus parkeri has the head and hind coxae smooth and shining as opposed to the punctate frons and punctate and striate hind coxae of P. totoferrugineus.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAC675AFEF945B4ECB464FF.taxon	description	(Figs 164 - 168)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAC675AFEF945B4ECB464FF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head orange; mesosoma orange in front of transscutal articulation, black behind; metasoma black. Forewing with black spot under stigma and black at apex. Head shining, strongly narrowing behind eyes. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae. Hind coxa smooth, shining. Anterior margin of pronotum with one anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 7.5 mm; forewing length, 6.5 mm; ovipositor length, 7.0 mm. Color: Head orange, sometimes small black spots around or anterior to ocelli on frons; mesosoma black, usually propleuron, pronotum, and mesoscutum orange, propleuron may be black or partly black and sometimes black spot on lower pronotum. Legs black with fore- and midfemora and tibiae orange, hind tarsus white. Ovipositor sheath black. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black; forewing with black spot under stigma and black spot at apex (Fig. 168). Head: Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.25 X eye height (Fig. 164). From above, narrowing behind eyes, length of head about 0.6 X eye length (Fig. 165). Occipital carina narrow, 0.2 X or less diameter of an ocellus. Smooth and shining with white pubescence, pubescence densest on lower frons, lower inner orbits, and malar area. Gena and vertex impunctate (Fig. 165); frons practically impunctate, few very widely scattered punctures on lower half (Fig. 164). Mesosoma: Pronotum with anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron smooth and shining, impunctate. Mesonotum (Fig. 167) shining, mostly reticulate, sculpturation more transverse on mesoscutal middle lobe and middle of mesoscutellum; pronotum (Fig. 166) smooth and shining with few widely scattered punctures, more reticulate on posterior third; mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum (Fig. 166) reticulate with upper portion of metapleuron with small finely punctate area. Hind coxa about 3 X longer than broad, smooth and shining. Tarsal claws with 5 teeth, lower tooth smallest. Hindbasitarsus slightly longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by short vein Rs + M (as in Fig. 157). Hind wing with veins faint to absent (as in Fig. 157). Metasoma: Smooth and shining; first segment long, etiolate. Ovipositor length 1.1 X longer than forewing length (Fig. 168). Male: Unknown. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ Tex., Cameron Co., 10 mi. E. jct. hwy. 4 & 1419, emerged 11 - 20 June 1979, R. Turnbow ” (UGA). Paratypes: COSTA RICA: Escazu, May 27, 1987, H. & M. Townes (1 ♀, AEI). MEXICO: CHIHUAHUA: 6 MI. s. Villa Mtamoros, VIII- 8 - 1967, R. C. Gardner, C. R. Kovacic, K. Lorenzen (1 ♀, UCD). JALISCO: 14 MI. w, 7360 ft., Ojelos de Jalisco, July 7, 1972, B. & C. Dasch (3 ♀♀, AEI); PUEBLA: 4.4 mi. SW. Acatepec, July 9, 1981, Bogar, Schaffner, Friedlander (1 ♀, TAMU). TAMAULIPAS: Gomez Farias: 900 m, Alta Cima, T. Malaise, 19 - 26. vi. 1999, Col. Sonia Hernandez A. (1 ♀, USNM), same except 29. v- 5. vi. 1999 (1 ♀, USNM). UNITED STATES: ARIZONA: Onion Saddle, 7600 ’, Chiricahua Mts., Cochise Co., VIII- 24 - 1967, E. I. Schlinger, Univ. Calif. Riverside Ent. Res. Museum, UCRC ENT 88952 (1 ♀, UCRC). TEXAS: Cameron Co., 4 mi W Boca Chica, R’d Ebony, 1 - 7 July 2003, J. E. Wappes (2 ♀♀, FSCA).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAC675AFEF945B4ECB464FF.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the first syllables of Mexico and the United States, referring to the occurrence of this species in both countries; a noun in apposition.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAC675AFEF945B4ECB464FF.taxon	discussion	Remarks: Some specimens have black areas on the vertex to frons.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAE6758FEF945B4EF816504.taxon	description	(Figs 169 - 172)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAE6758FEF945B4EF816504.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Entirely orange. Forewing with black spot below stigma and black at apex. Head shiny. Mesosoma reticulate, with some fine transverse carinae. Hind coxa with cross striations. Propleuron punctate. Anterior margin of pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 11.0 mm; forewing length, 9.5 mm; ovipositor length, 8.0 mm. Color: Orange. Ovipositor sheath black. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black; forewing with black spot under stigma and black spot at apex. Head: Antennal length 2.1 X head width. Lower interocular distance about 1.2 X eye height; malar space about 0.3 X eye height (Fig. 169). Occipital carina broad, nearly half diameter of an ocellus. From above, straight, then narrowing behind eyes, head behind eyes about 0.6 X eye length (Fig. 170). Smooth and shining, with scattered fine white pubescence; vertex and gena with fine punctures, separated by distance of more than puncture diameters (Fig. 170); fine punctures on frons denser than those on vertex and separated by puncture diameters or less (Fig. 169). Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron shining, punctate. Mesonotum (Fig. 172) mostly reticulate; mesoscutellum sculpture in transverse pattern; pleura and propodeum (Fig. 171) mostly reticulate, anterior margin of pronotum and small area on upper metapleuron less reticulate and finely punctate. Hind coxa dull, with transverse carinae, about 2.2 X longer than wide (Fig. 171). Tarsal claws with 5 teeth and small basal lobe. Hind basitarsus 1.1 X length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by short Rs + M vein (as in Fig. 157). Hind with veins faint, cells Cu and R 1 + Rs separated by vein M (as in Fig. 104). Metasoma: Smooth, shining, with fine white pubescence on segments 3 to apex. Ovipositor length about 0.8 X forewing length. Male: Unknown. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ San Pedro Iturbide, 32 + Km. W. Linares, X. 6.62, N. L., Mex., H. & M. Townes ” (AEI). Paratypes: MEXICO: JALISCO: 14 km. N. Guadalajara, Ruta 54, Posada San Isidro, 22 - IX- 1986, R. Miller & L. Stange (1 ♀, FDA). NUEVO LEÓN: Same data as holotype (2 ♀♀, AEI).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAE6758FEF945B4EF816504.taxon	etymology	Etymology: From the Latin toto (all) and ferrugineus (rusty), referring to the entirely reddishorange coloration of this species.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAE6758FEF945B4EF816504.taxon	discussion	Remarks: See remarks under P. parkeri.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAF6746FF45418BEEB26227.taxon	description	(Figs 173 - 176)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAF6746FF45418BEEB26227.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head and mesosoma orange with pleura and sterna black, legs orange with coxae and femora black; metasoma mostly black. Forewing with black spot below stigma and black at apex. Head smooth, shiny. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae. Hind coxa shining. Anterior margin of pronotum with one anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 7.0 mm; forewing length, 5.0 mm; ovipositor length, 4.5 mm. Color: Antenna black; scape and pedicel dark orange. Head and mesosoma orange with venter of propleuron, mesosternum, and lower lateral margins of propodeum black. Legs orange; coxae black, venter of forecoxa orange in one specimen; hindleg black with basal fifth of tibia and tarsus white. Metasoma with apical two-thirds of first segment and second segment mostly orange; basal third of first segment and segments 3 to apex black. Ovipositor sheath black. Head: Antennal length 1.8 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space about 0.25 X eye height (Fig. 173). Occipital carina narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. From above, head narrowing behind eyes, about 0.6 X eye length (Fig. 174). Smooth, shining, with white pubescence, pubescence densest above antennae, on lower inner orbits, and malar area (Fig. 173); gena and vertex with few, very widely scattered punctures, much farther apart than puncture diameters; frons with somewhat denser punctation than vertex (Fig. 173). Mesosoma: Pronotum with anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron shining, finely punctate. Mesoscutal middle lobe with 6 or 7 transverse carinae; mesoscutal lateral lobes reticulate; axillae with few punctures; mesoscutellum with few transverse carinae at center Fig. 176); pronotum mostly reticulate, anteroventral margin finely punctate; mesopleuron reticulate with area on upper portion finely punctate; metapleuron and propodeum reticulate (Fig. 175). Hind coxa about 2.7 X longer than broad smooth and shining above, transverse carinae on sides and ventrally. Tarsal claws with 4 teeth, basal most tooth very small and with small basal lobe. Hind basitarsus slightly longer than length of remaining tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by short vein Rs + M (as in Fig. 157). Hind wing with veins faint to absent (as in Fig. 157). Metasoma: Smooth, shining, with fine white pubescence on segments 3 to apex. Ovipositor length about 0.9 X forewing length. Male: Unknown. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ México: Veracruz, Est. Biol. de Los Tuxtlas, 18 ° 35 ' N, 95 ° 05 ' W, ” “ 25 - IV- 1991, H. A. Hespenheide ” (USNM). Paratype: UNITED STATES: ARIZONA: Prescott, VII- 25 - 50, D. J. & J. N. Knull, Collrs (1 ♀, OSU).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAF6746FF45418BEEB26227.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Named for Henry Hespenheide, University of California, Los Angeles, who colleted the paratype.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFAF6746FF45418BEEB26227.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This species and P. tamaulipas are similar. Pristaulacus hespenheidei has the coxae and hind femur black, the ovipositor length slightly shorter than the forewing length, and coarser reticulations on meso- and metapleura and propodeum than on the pronotum (compare Figs 175, 176, 179, 180).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFB16744FF4546A9ED8E60E3.taxon	description	(Figs 177 - 180)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFB16744FF4546A9ED8E60E3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head and most of mesosoma orange; legs orange; metasoma orange with black apex. Forewing with black spot below stigma and black at apex. Head shiny. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae. Hind coxa smooth, shining. Anterior margin of pronotum with one anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 9.0 mm; forewing length, 7.0 mm; ovipositor length, 7.0 mm. Color: Orange; mandible except apex, scape, frons from ocelli to clypeus, and malar area more orange yellow. Pedicel, flagellum, apex of mandible, labial palpus, first two segments of maxillary palpus, ventral surface of propleuron, mesosternum, ventral surface of forecoxa, foretrochanter, base of first metasomal segment, posterior dorsal spots on metasomal segments 1 - 3, metasomal segments 4 to apex, and ovipositor sheath black. Wings hyaline; forewing with spot below stigma and apex black, veins and stigma black. Head: Antennal length 3.2 X head width. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye length; malar space about 0.25 X eye length (Fig. 177). Occipital carina narrow, less than a fifth diameter of an ocellus. From above, head narrowing behind eyes, about 0.6 X eye height (Fig. 178). Smooth and shining, with fine white pubescence, pubescence densest on lower inner orbits and malar area; gena, vertex, and frons smooth, shining, impunctate (Figs 177, 178). Mesosoma: Pronotum with one anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron smooth, shining, impunctate. Mesoscutal middle lobe with 8 - 10 transverse carinae; mesoscutal lateral lobes reticulate, axillae reticulate, center of mesoscutellum without reticulations, finely punctate; pleura and propodeum almost evenly reticulate (Figs 179, 180). Hind coxa about 3 X longer than broad, smooth and shining. Tarsal claws with 4 teeth and small basal lobe. Hind basitarsus 1.2 X longer than following tarsal segments combined. Forewing with cells 1 M and 1 Rs separated by vein Rs + M (as in Fig. 157). Hind wing with veins absent (as in Fig. 157). Metasoma: Fine white pubescence on segments 2 to apex. Ovipositor length subequal to forewing length. Male: Unknown. Types: Holotype: Female, labeled “ Mexico, Tamaulipas, Gomez Farias: 900 m, Alta Cima, Malaise, 17 - 24. vii. 1999, Col. Sonia Hernandez A. ” (USNM). Paratypes: MEXICO: TAMAULIPAS: Same data as holotype except 7 - 14. viii. 1999 (1 ♀, USNM); same data as holotype except 14 - 24. viii. 1999 (1 ♀, USNM).	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFB16744FF4546A9ED8E60E3.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Named for the State of Tamaulipas where this species was collected.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFB16744FF4546A9ED8E60E3.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The metapleuron is blackish in one paratype. See remarks under P. hespenheidei.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFB36743FF4544F6EA5B656B.taxon	description	(Figs 181 - 183)	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFB36743FF4544F6EA5B656B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Black; whitish spot a middle on each side of first metasomal segment; white band on ovipositor. Forewing with black spot at apex. Head shining with large scattered punctures. Mesoscutum with transverse carinae. Hind coxa smooth, shining. Anterior margin of pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Female: Length, 11.5 mm; forewing length, 9.0 mm; ovipositor length 15.0 mm. Color: Black; whitish spot at middle on each side of first metasomal segment; ovipositor with white band near apical third; legs somewhat brownish. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black; forewing with dark spot at apex. Head: Antenna apex missing. Lower interocular distance subequal to eye height; malar space equal to first antennal segment. Occipital carina narrow, less than a quarter diameter of an ocellus. Head from above straight then narrowing behind eyes, distance behind eyes about 0.6 X eye length (Fig. 181). Shining with large punctures on vertex and frons separated by distances two or more times puncture diameters (Fig. 181), punctures on frons slightly denser than those on vertex. Mesosoma: Pronotum without anteriorly projecting tooth. Propleuron shining, finely punctate. Anterior lobes of mesonotum rounded. Mesoscutal middle lobe transversely carinate, lateral lobes more reticulate; axillae reticulate; mesoscutellum shining, with 3 medial transverse ridges at center, reticulate laterally; pronotum, mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum shining, mostly reticulate (Fig. 182). Hind coxa shining, without sculpture. Hind basitarsus 1.3 X longer than remaining tarsal segments combined. Tarsal claw with 3 large subequal teeth and basal lobe; third tooth slightly smaller that two outer teeth. Metasoma: Basal two segments shining, glabrous; apical segments with fine white pubescence. Ovipositor length 1.7 X forewing length. Male: Unknown.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFB36743FF4544F6EA5B656B.taxon	materials_examined	Type: Female (BMNH) labeled “ Type, ” “ B. M. type Hym. 3. a. 102, ” B. M. type Hym. Psilaulacus annulatus Kieffer 1911, ” “ Pristaulacus annulatus K. ”, “ 56 143 ” above and “ Mex. ” below on one label, “ Determined by Dr. Kieffer, ” “ Aulacus bimaculatus Smith [purple label]. ” I regard this as a syntype; though undoubtedly the only specimen KIEFFER had, he did not mention the number of specimens.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFB36743FF4544F6EA5B656B.taxon	discussion	Remarks: This species is known only from the holotype. Its large size, black color, punctate head, and unusually long ovipositor should make this species readily recognizable. Females of all other Pristaulacus I have examined have the ovipositor length 1.5 X or less the forewing length.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
906C87C3FFB46743FEF941B5ECDC6737.taxon	discussion	Remarks: I was unable to locate the type. It was not found at the BMNH or at the Hope Entomological Collections, Oxford University, where WESTWOOD’S collections are apt to be found. WESTWOOD’S description is not adequate to place this species to genus. He described the species from a male from “ Mexico. ” The following is from WESTWOOD: Black, very slender. Face, lower and behind part of head red brown, head small. Palpi black brown. Scape red brown. Neck lengthened, ventral red brown. Wings clear, distal end blackish, stigma black. Front and mid legs red brown, hind legs with coxa and femur blackish, knees red brown, tibia rusty, tarsus red brown with blackish distal end. Metasoma laterally compressed.	en	Smith, David R. (2008): Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America (Hymenoptera). Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 58 (2): 267-355, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355, URL: https://www.contributions-to-entomology.org/article/view/1731
