identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
926BEC0461381F5EFF36FA5E1C037FBC.text	926BEC0461381F5EFF36FA5E1C037FBC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Copidognathus Trouessart	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Copidognathus Trouessart</p>
            <p>Diagnosis: Palps four-segmented, attached laterally, P2 with one distal seta, P3 without a seta, P4 with three setae in basal whorl. Female GA with usually three pairs (rarely up to five pairs) of PGS and one pair of SGS. Genua shorter than tibiae and telofemora. Tibia I with three ventral setae. Tibia II generally with three ventral setae. Tarsi I and II with dorsolateral solenidion. Paired lateral claws, small median claw. Only one nymphal stage (the protonymph) present.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/926BEC0461381F5EFF36FA5E1C037FBC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chatterjee, Tapas;Marshall, David J;Pešić, Vladimir	Chatterjee, Tapas, Marshall, David J, Pešić, Vladimir (2012): New records of Copidognathus mites (Acari: Halacaridae) from mangroves in Brunei Darussalam with descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 3269: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.210913
926BEC0461381F5AFF36F89B190D7894.text	926BEC0461381F5AFF36F89B190D7894.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Copidognathus mangrovorum	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Copidognathus mangrovorum sp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs. 2, 3)</p>
            <p> Material examined: Holotype, Ƥ, Brunei Darussalam, Kota Batu, Sungai Brunei Estuary and Bay, 4º56'N, 115º1'E, 10.iii.2011, mud flat and algae covering the pneumatophores of  Avicennia marina mangrove trees, leg. T. Chatterjee &amp; D. J. Marshall. Paratypes: one 3 and one Ƥ, same data as holotype. </p>
            <p>Description: Female: Idiosoma 312 µm long. All dorsal plates separate. Areolae and costae on dorsal plates with rosette pores, remainder of plate foveate. AD 90 µm long, 86 µm wide. AD with two areolae, one anterior and one transverse median, paired ds1 anterior to middle areola. OC 126 µm long, 80 µm wide (length to width ratio about 1.60), posteriorly small tail like extends beyond the insertion of leg III, each with two corneae, areola with rosette pores between cornea ventromedially and also on posterior side, pore canaliculas laterally distal to posterior cornea; ds2 located at anteromedial edge of OC. PD 194 μm long, 132 μm wide; paired costae two-to three- rosette pores wide; ds3-ds5 on PD lateral toporose costae.</p>
            <p>All ventral plates separate. AE 96 µm long, 173 µm wide; with three pairs of setae and a pair of epimeral pores. EPI coxal in origin. Paired marginal areolae posterior to insertion of leg I, a pair of areolae posterior to vs2, remain- der of plate reticulately panelled, canaliculi arranged within polygons. Each PE with three ventral setae and one dorsal seta, marginal areola present on PE ventrally. GA longer than AE. GA 166 µm long, 119 µm wide. GO 68 µm long. Paragenital areolae present. Ovipositor surpassing anteriorly about 38 µm of GO, extending beyond anterior PGS. Distance between anterior end of GO and that of GA 72 µm, almost as long as length of GO. Three pairs of PGS present, anterior pair 26 µm away from anterior end of GO and 46 µm away from anterior margin of GA; middle pair just above the level of anterior margin of GO; third pair near posterior side of GO. Pair of SGS located at the anterior end of genital sclerites.</p>
            <p>Gnathosoma 98 µm long, 59 µm wide, about 1.66 longer than wide. Rostrum 48 µm long, about 0.48 of gnathosomal length; rostrum tip extending just at the anterior end of P2. Palp consisting of four segments. P1 and P3 without a seta, P2 with one dorsal seta distally. P4 with three long proximal setae and one minute distal seta. Proto- and deuto-rostral setae situated at the tip of rostrum; tritorostral setae (long maxillary setae of rostrum) located on the posterior half of rostrum (0.69 of rostrum length from tip of rostrum); gnathosomal base with a pair of setae (basirostral setae) near the middle of the gnathosomal base. Gnathosomal base ventrolaterally porose; rostral sulcus long but not extending up to the level of tritorostral setae.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy of legs: trochanters I–IV, 1-1-1-0; basifemora I–IV, 2-2-2-2; telofemora I–IV, 5-5-2-2; genua (patella) I–IV, 4-4-3-3; tibiae I–IV, 7-7-5-5; tarsi (PAS excluded) I–IV, 7-4-4-4. Telofemora III–IV with two dorsal setae and devoid of a ventral seta. Length and width ratio of telofemora I–IV approximately 1.7, 1.8, 2.0, 2.2, respectively. Dorsal side of telofemora I–II with few rosette pores. Tibiae I–IV with 2-2-1-0 bipectinate and 1-1-1- 2 smooth slender ventral setae. Tarsus I with three dorsal setae, one solenidion, three ventral setae (two distal ventral setae, eupathidium present near the tip), two doublet eupathidia PAS. Tarsus II with three dorsal setae, a solenidion, two single eupathidia PAS. Tarsi III –IV each with four dorsal setae (distance between two basidorsal setae almost equal with the height of tarsus) and two PAS (one small spur-like and one pointed seta like). All legs with two lateral claws and a bidentate median claw. Lateral claws with accessory process dorsally. Lateral claws of tarsi II–IV with very delicate pecten ventrally.</p>
            <p>Male: Idiosoma 308 µm long. GA 159 µm long, 129 µm wide; GO 48 µm long. Distance between anterior end of GO and that of GA 71 µm, equaling about 1.48 times of GO length. Twenty four PGS present, four pairs of SGS present, arranged 2–2, anterior two pairs slender, third pair spur-like, fourth pair pointed and thicker than first two pairs. Paragenital areolae present. Spermatopositor large.</p>
            <p>Etymology: Named after the habitat (pneumatophores of mangroves) where collected.</p>
            <p> Remarks: The new species resembles the species of the ‘ oculatus group’ (Bartsch 1977, 1999a, 2002; Chatterjee &amp; De Troch 2001; Pepato &amp; Tiago 2005) in having a posteromedian areola on AD, ds1 anterior to the median areola on AD, OC posteriorly tail-like, PD with paired costae, ds2 inserted on anteromedian edge of OC, ds3-ds5 located on PD, gnathosoma with one pair of maxillary setae on its base (basirostral setae) and one pair on rostrum, trochanters III–IV without a distal spiniform process, telofemora III–IV devoid of ventral setae, solenidia on tarsi I–II setiform and dorsolateral in position, tarsi I, III, and IV with a pair of fossary setae inserted within fossal area. However, in the ‘ oculatus group’, the PGS in male are close to GO and arranged in a ring, whereas in the present species, the anterior PGS are away from the anterior margin of GO. Additionally, males of the ‘ oculatus group’ usually bear three pairs of SGS (one anterior pair and two posterior pairs), whereas in the present species the male has four pairs of SGS. The number of SGS is not always similar for each of the two genital sclerites in an individual (one sclerite may bear three SGS and the other, four), for example, this is found in  C. hureaui Newell, 1984 , C. levigatus Bartsch, 1999 and C. rasilis Bartsch, 1999 (Newell 1984; Bartsch 1999a). However, only single males have been examined for last two species and for the present species, giving little indication of the taxonomic importance of this variation in SGS number in males. Among the members of the ‘ oculatus group’, only  C. hureaui Newell, 1984 from Kerguelen Islands (Newell 1984) has four dorsal setae on tarsus IV (as in the present species). In the described species of the ‘ oculatus group’, the tritorostral setae are located on the anterior to middle (or near middle) of the rostrum, while in the present new species these setae are located on the posterior half of this structure (on about 0.69 of rostrum length from tip of rostrum).  C. hureaui has feebly developed medial costae on PD with scattered, irregularly formed rosette pores and coarse pores, the EPI is cervical in origin and the distance between anterior end of GO and that of GA about 1.91 times of the GO’s length in female and 2.83 times in male, while in the new species two- to three- rosette pores wide well developed costae are present on PD, the EPI is coxal in origin and the distance between anterior end of GO and that of GA almost as long as GO’s length in female and 1.48 times in male. </p>
            <p> Copidognathus amalus Bartsch, 1999 from southwestern Australia (Bartsch 1999b) has two areolae on AD (one anterior and one posteromedian areolae), OC caudiform posteriorly extending beyond the insertion of leg III, ds2 on anteromedian edge of OC, PD with two costae, ds3-ds5 on PD, tibiae I–IV with 2-2-1-0 bipectinate setae and genu IV bearing three setae (Bartsch 1999b). It differs from  C. mangrovorum sp. nov. , in having three dorsal setae on tarsus IV, wider costae on PD (four to six rosette pores), and telofemur IV bearing one ventral seta.  C. maculatus Bartsch, 1979 from the eastern United States, northwest Atlantic (Bartsch 1979), shares some features with the present species, but can be easily distinguished in having ds2 on the membranous cuticle between AD and OC, and OC posteriorly blunt and not extending beyond the insertion of leg III. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/926BEC0461381F5AFF36F89B190D7894	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chatterjee, Tapas;Marshall, David J;Pešić, Vladimir	Chatterjee, Tapas, Marshall, David J, Pešić, Vladimir (2012): New records of Copidognathus mites (Acari: Halacaridae) from mangroves in Brunei Darussalam with descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 3269: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.210913
926BEC04613C1F56FF36FDF319047ABD.text	926BEC04613C1F56FF36FDF319047ABD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Copidognathus bruneiensis	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Copidognathus bruneiensis sp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figures 4–6)</p>
            <p> Material examined: Holotype, 3, Brunei Darussalam, Kota Batu, Sangai Brunei Estuary and Bay, 4º56'N, 115º1'E, 10.iii.2011, mud flats and algae covering the pneumatophores of  Avicennia marina mangrove trees, leg. T. Chatterjee &amp; D. J. Marshall. Paratypes: three 33 and three ƤƤ, collection data same as holotype. </p>
            <p>Description: Male: Idiosoma 300–337 µm long. All dorsal plates separate. AD with one anterior and one fused middle areolae. Areolae and costae on dorsal plates made up of porose panel. Pair of ds1 anteriorly of middle areola on AD. A pair of gland pores near anterolateral margin of AD. AD 87 µm long, 92 µm wide. OC 97 µm long, 50 µm wide (length to width ratio about 1.92), posteriorly caudiform; each with two corneae (in a few specimens posterior cornea slightly constricted in the middle); areola ventromedially between the two corneae; gland pore close to cornea (away from lateral margin); pore canaliculus present on lateral margin of OC and posterior to posterior cornea; ds2 located at anteromedial part of OC. PD 218 µm long, 158 µm wide, arched anteriorly; paired middle costae two porose panels wide, paired lateral costae one-two porose panels wide, middle and lateral costae joined anteriorly, rest of the plate reticulately panelled; ds3-ds5 on PD between middle and lateral costae. A pair of gland pores on posterior part of PD at middle costae.</p>
            <p>All ventral plates separate. AE 105 µm long, 87 µm wide, with three pairs of setae and a pair of epimeral pores. Epimeral process absent. Each PE with three ventral setae and one dorsal seta. GA longer than AE. GA 159 µm long, 132 µm wide, GO 51 µm long. Distance between anterior end of GO and that of GA, 69 µm, about 1.40 times the length of GO, 14–16 PGS present, four pairs of SGS present, first, second and fourth pair thin, while third pair thick and spur-like. Spermatopositor large, extending 50 µm ahead from anterior margin of GO. Distance between posterior end of GO and that of GA 36 µm.</p>
            <p>Gnathosoma 108 µm long, 62 µm wide, about 1.70 times longer than wide. Rostrum about 0.75 times longer than gnathosomal base, 0.43 of total gnathosoma; rostrum tip extending near anterior end of P2. Palp consisting of four segments. P1 and P3 without a seta. P2 with one dorsal seta distally. P4 with three long proximal setae, one minute distal seta. P2 longer than P4. Proto- and deuto- rostral setae situated at tip of rostrum., tritorostral setae (long maxillary setae of rostrum) on anterior half of rostrum (at about 0.36 of total rostrum length), gnathosomal base with a pair of setae (basirostral setae) anteriorly. Rostral sulcus extending near tritorostral setae. Gnathosomal base ventrolaterally porose. Tectum slightly arched.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy of legs: trochanters I–IV, 1-1-1-0; basifemora I–IV, 2-2-2-2; telofemora I–IV, 5-5-2-2; genua I–IV, 4-4-3-3; tibiae I–IV, 7-7-5-5; tarsi (PAS excluded) I–IV, 7-4-4-4. Telofemora III and IV devoid of ventral setae. Tibia I with two long, smooth, pointed ventral setae and one short, thick, proximoventral seta. Tibia II with one slender, smooth ventral seta and two ventromedial bipectinate setae (distal bipectinate seta longer than proximal seta). Tibia III with one thick, bipectinate ventromedial seta. All setae of tibia IV smooth. Tarsus I with three dorsal setae, one solenidion, three ventral setae and two doublet eupathidia PAS. Tarsus II with three dorsal setae, one solenidion and two doublet eupathidia PAS. Tarsus III –IV each with four dorsal setae (distance between two basal setae almost equal or slightly more than height of tarsus) and two PAS (one small spur-like and one seta like). All legs with two lateral claws and a bidentate median claw. Lateral claws with accessory process dorsally. Lateral claws of tarsi II–IV with delicate tines.</p>
            <p>Female: Idiosoma 299–305 µm long. Structure and armature of body parts resemble the male except that of the GA region. GA 159 µm long, 120 µm wide, GO 69 µm long; distance between anterior end of GO and that of GA 62 µm, about 1.30 times of length of GO. Three pairs of PGS present, anterior pair just above the level of anterior margin of GO, middle pair near the middle and third pair near posterior side of GO. Ovipositor small, just extending beyond anterior margin of GO. Pair of SGS on anterior part of genital sclerites.</p>
            <p>Etymology: Named after the country where collected.</p>
            <p> Remarks: The new species has some similarities with members of the ‘ pulcher group’ (Bartsch 1984, 1998; Chatterjee &amp; Chang 2006), in having areolae and costae comprising the porose panel, rosette pores lacking, a pair of gland pores near anterolateral margin of AD, a single pair of gland pores in the posterior portion of PD, the basal-most of the three ventral setae on tibia I short and thick; telofemora III–IV without a ventral seta. However,  Copidognathus bruneiensis sp. nov. , differs from the species of the ‘ pulcher group’ in having tarsi III–IV each with four dorsal setae. The OC in the ‘ pulcher group’ is small and triangular, while in the present species OC is bigger and caudiform posteriorly. Most of the species of the ‘ pulcher group’ also contain two pairs of basirostral setae on the gnathosoma (or more than two pairs in males of some species) whereas one pair of basirostral setae is found in  C. bruneiensis . Among the members of the ‘ pulcher group’  C. triops Viets, 1936 from Caribbean area and  C. uniscustatus Bartsch, 1984 from Philippines and Mexico (Viets 1936; Bartsch 1984; Chatterjee &amp; De Troch 2001) have one pair of basirostral setae but differ from the new species in having a pectinate seta on tibia IV. All dorsal plates are fused in  C. uniscustatus .  C. bengalensis Chatterjee, Annapurna &amp; Chang, 2003 from India (Chatterjee et al. 2003), a species related to the ‘ pulcher group’, lacks the bipectinate setae on tibia IV (as in the present species) but differs in having a completely subdivided posterior cornea on OC, small triangular OC, two pairs of basirostral setae in female, ds3 on membranous integument and tarsi III–IV with three dorsal setae each. Moreover, in the present new species ds2 is on the anteromedial part of the OC. </p>
            <p>The present new species shares some characters with members of the ‘ curassaviensis group’ (Bartsch 1996), including having dorsal plates with porose panels, enlarged gland-pores, the PD with a single pair of gland pores posteriorly, a small ovipositor extending only slightly beyond the GO, telofemora III–IV with two setae each (and no ventral setae) and genu IV with three setae. However, the present species cannot be assigned to the ‘ curassaviensis group’ because it has the rostrum extending only up to the end of P2 (the palp slightly extends beyond the rostrum in ‘ curassaviensis group’). Further, in the ‘ curassaviensis group’, tibia I has two thick spur-like ventral setae, while the present species has only one small similar seta proximoventrally on tibia I.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/926BEC04613C1F56FF36FDF319047ABD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chatterjee, Tapas;Marshall, David J;Pešić, Vladimir	Chatterjee, Tapas, Marshall, David J, Pešić, Vladimir (2012): New records of Copidognathus mites (Acari: Halacaridae) from mangroves in Brunei Darussalam with descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 3269: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.210913
926BEC0461301F56FF36FB9A1EB17ECE.text	926BEC0461301F56FF36FB9A1EB17ECE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Copidognathus rhombognathoideus Bartsch 2006	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Copidognathus rhombognathoideus Bartsch, 2006</p>
            <p>(Figures 7–8)</p>
            <p> Copidognathus rhombognathoideus Bartsch, 2006a , 88–92, Figs. 21–41. </p>
            <p> Material examined: Three ƤƤ and two 33 from algal turf growing on  Rhizophora mangrove pneumatophores at Batu Marang (4°58’N, 115°1’ E), Brunei Darussalam, 16. iii. 2011, leg. T. Chatterjee &amp; D. J. Marshall. </p>
            <p>Brief description: Idiosomal length of females, 365–444 µm, and of males, 375–391 µm. Areolae and costae on dorsal plates with porose panel. AD with a fused (three large areolae fused) porose areola. PD with four costae, middle and paracosta joined anteriorly. Area between two middle costae about five panels wide. Pair of ds 1 in middle of AD. Setae ds2 located at anteromedial edge of OC, setae ds3-ds5 on PD. AE with three pairs of setae and a pair of ovate epimeral pores. GA with three pairs of setae in female, distance between 2nd and 3rd pair more than the distance between 1st and 2nd pair in one female (Fig. 7 B) while these distances are subequal in the other individuals. Gnathosoma, rostrum and palps short; palps extending beyond tip of rostrum. Chaetotaxy of legs: trochanters I–IV, 1-1-1-0; basifemora I-IV, 2-2-2-2; telofemora I–IV, 5-5-2-2; genua I–IV, 4-4-3-3; tibiae I–IV, 7-7-5-5; tarsi (PAS excluded) I–IV, 7-4-4-3. Telofemora III and IV lacking a ventral seta. Tibiae I–II with one long, smooth ventral seta and two thick pectinate ventromedial setae. Tibia III–IV with one thick, bipectinate ventromedial seta. Tarsus I with three dorsal setae, one solenidion, three ventral setae and two doublet eupathidia PAS. Tarsus II with three dorsal setae, one solenidion and two single eupathidia PAS. Tarsus III with four dorsal setae and one lateral PAS. Tarsus IV with three dorsal setae and one lateral PAS. Lateral claws ventrally smooth, without pecten.</p>
            <p> Remarks: This is the first record of this species from Brunei Darussalam and outside its type locality. This species was previously described from mangroves in Singapore. Four similar species,  Copidognathus balakrishnani Chatterjee, 2000 ,  C. caloglossae Procheş, 2002 ,  C. lutarius Bartsch, 2003 and  C. rhombognathoideus Bartsch, 2006 can now be assigned to a natural group (Chatterjee 2000; Procheş 2002; Bartsch 2003, 2006a). Detailed comparisons of these species will be prepared in a future paper by the first author. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/926BEC0461301F56FF36FB9A1EB17ECE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chatterjee, Tapas;Marshall, David J;Pešić, Vladimir	Chatterjee, Tapas, Marshall, David J, Pešić, Vladimir (2012): New records of Copidognathus mites (Acari: Halacaridae) from mangroves in Brunei Darussalam with descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 3269: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.210913
