identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
86008784FFBC0B166969A3548296FBD4.text	86008784FFBC0B166969A3548296FBD4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Khumbumiris Yasunaga & Duwal 2016	<div><p>Khumbumiris gen. nov.</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Khumbumiris schwartzi Yasunaga &amp; Duwal, sp. nov.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Distinguished from other genera of the Mirinae by the following unique sets of characters: elongate, slender, medium-sized body (with total length 4.7, Figure 1 (e)); oily shiny, impunctate dorsum with sparsely distributed, silky, short setae; generally long, linear antenna (Figure 1 (e)); labium with short, broadened segment I (Figure 1 (h)); trapezoidal pronotum somewhat constricted at calli, with W-shaped canal near posterior margin (Figure 2 (g)), with lateral margin wholly carinate (Figure 2 (h)); broad collar; narrow, parallel-sided hemelytron; elongate cuneus; cylindrical femora; short tarsomere II, much shorter than respective tarsomere I or III (Figure 2 (k)); and form of male genitalia (thick, short parameres, and endosoma with a spiculum, spinulate lobal sclerite, and slender seminal duct that is somewhat expanded near secondary gonopore, as in Figure 3).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Male. Macropterous. Body elongate, slender, parallel-sided, reminiscent of orthotyline by external appearance (Figure 1 (e)); basic coloration shiny dark brownish; dorsal surface oily shiny, polished, impunctate, with very sparsely distributed, silky, short setae.</p> <p>Head. Almost glabrous, rather oblique, a little produced anteriad; eyes small (in dorsal view, an eye much narrower than vertex, Figure 2 (g)); vertex with a shallow, longitudinal, mesal sulcation that is not surpassing level of posterior margin of eye.</p> <p>Antenna. Long, almost linear, a little shorter than total body length; segment II slightly clavate toward apex, about as long as head and pronotum combined in dorsal view (Figure 2 (g)); segment III a little shorter than II; segment IV subequal in length to basal width of pronotum.</p> <p>Labium. Generally short and broad, reaching but not exceeding apex of mesocoxa; segment I short, thickened, about twice as broad as remaining segments (Figure 2 (h)). Thorax. Pronotum shining, impunctate, trapezoidal, somewhat constricted at calli, wholly carinate laterally (Figure 2 (h)), with W-shaped canal along posterior margin (Figure 2 (g)); collar broad, about as thick as antennal segment I, generally flat, demarcated by shallow, transverse sutures (Figure 2 (g)); mesoscutum arched, widely exposed (Figure 2 (h)); scutellum somewhat swollen anteriad (Figure 2 (g)); scent efferent system relatively narrow and triangular (Figure 2 (j)).</p> <p>Hemelytron. Oily shiny, generally slender, impunctate, not deflexed at cuneal fracture; embolial margin straight; cuneus elongate, about three times as long as wide; membrane vein extending to apical half of membrane, with angular apical inner corner.</p> <p>Legs. Slender, long; femur cylindrical, not significantly flattened; tibia with densely distributed, dark, stiff, semi-erect setae; tibial spines pale brown, weak, only sparsely distributed; each tarsomere I as long as III, shorter than II and III combined; tarsomere II shortest, about half as long as I or III (cf. Figure 2 (k)); pretarsus with V-shaped, fleshy, apically divergent parempodia between claws, lacking distinct pulvillus (Figure 2 (i)).</p> <p>Abdomen. Narrow, much shorter than wings.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figure 3). Parameres short, with short sensory setae; left paramere broad, C-shaped, with flattened and apically hooked hypophysis (Figure 3 (b)); right paramere with rather long, weakly curved and apically tapered hypophysis (Figure 3 (c)). Endosoma with a distinct, straight, apically notched spiculum and with an elongate, spinulate lobal-sclerite (Figure 3 (d)); secondary gonopore thick-rimmed, situated medially (Figure 3 (e)); seminal duct generally narrow, somewhat expanded near secondary gonopore (Figure 3 (d)).</p> <p>Female. Unknown.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named for the type locality ‘Khumbu-Himal’ area, combined with the mirine generic name Miris F.; masculine.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/86008784FFBC0B166969A3548296FBD4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Yasunaga, Tomohide;Duwal, Ram Keshari	Yasunaga, Tomohide, Duwal, Ram Keshari (2016): Three noteworthy mirine plant bugs inhabiting subalpine zones of the Nepalese Himalayas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 51 (1 - 2): 33-49, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1245799, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1245799
86008784FFB60B1A6AA2A20C80CDFC79.text	86008784FFB60B1A6AA2A20C80CDFC79.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Khumbumiris schwartzi Yasunaga & Duwal 2016	<div><p>Khumbumiris schwartzi sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 1 (e), 2(g, h), 3)</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Holotype. Male, NEPAL, Khumbu Himal, Sagarmatha <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.69&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.81" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.69/lat 27.81)">National Park</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.69&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.81" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.69/lat 27.81)">Namche Bazar – Phorte</a> [Phurte], 27.81°N, 86.69°E, 3400–3500 m altitude, on Abies spectabilis, 29 August 2005, T. Yasunaga (AMNH _ PBI 00380458) (NMTU).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>The present new species is recognized easily by the generic diagnostic characters; similar in external appearance to Nepalocoris elysae Schwartz (Stenodemini) and Erimiris tenuicornis Miyamoto &amp; Hasegawa (Mecistoscelini), from which Khumbumiris schwartzi can be distinguished by the characters mentioned in the generic discussion above.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Male. Body basically dark brownish, very slender in form; dorsum fuscous with yellow maculae (Figure 1 (e)); general appearance most reminiscent of a certain member of Dryophilocoris Reuter (Orthotylinae). Head sombre pale brown, weakly shining, with three darker stripes along mesal sulcus and laterally (Figure 2 (g)); posterior margin of eye sanguineous (Figure 1 (e)). Antenna dark brown; segment I reddish brown; segment II except for base and apex pale brown. Labium shiny pale brown; segment I a little more yellowish; apical half of segment IV darker. Pronotum dark brown, shining, medially pale or reddish brown, except for a pair of dark, mesal stripes on anterior half; calli transversely wrinkled; scutellum shiny fuscous, with a narrow, yellow, longitudinal stripe and a yellow spot at each corner; pleura mostly darkened. Hemelytron sombre brown, oily shiny, impunctate; anterior lateral margin of clavus and base of cuneus yellowish brown (Figure 1 (e)); membrane smoky brown, with apical areolar cell yellowish brown. Coxae and legs pale brown; all femora shiny dark brown; apex of each tibia slightly darker. Abdomen shiny dark brown. Male genitalia as in generic description.</p> <p>Female. Unknown.</p> <p>Measurements</p> <p>Holotype male. Total length of body 4.75; head width including eyes 0.72; vertex width 0.38; lengths of antennal segments I–IV 0.57, 1.31, 1.24, 1.01; labial length 1.52; mesal length of pronotum including collar 0.61; basal width of pronotum 1.14; maximum width across hemelytron 1.31; and lengths of metafemur, tibia and tarsus 1.81, 2.28, 0.72.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named in honour of our friend and mentor Michael D Schwartz, the world’ s leading expert on the mirine plant bug.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Nepal (Khumbu District).</p> <p>Biology</p> <p>A single adult male of this mirid was captured from Abies spectabilis (D.Don) Spach (Pinaceae), but the true host association needs further verification by occurrence of its immature forms. On the same coniferous species at the type locality [Phurte (or Phorte) Village, 3800 m altitude], several other mirids, an isometopine Sagarmathametopus fuscenscens described by Yasunaga and Duwal (2006), a typical green Lygocoris species (that currently cannot be given its unequivocal identity as all specimens were female), and Phytocoris sagarmathanus (described below) were found to co-occur.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/86008784FFB60B1A6AA2A20C80CDFC79	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Yasunaga, Tomohide;Duwal, Ram Keshari	Yasunaga, Tomohide, Duwal, Ram Keshari (2016): Three noteworthy mirine plant bugs inhabiting subalpine zones of the Nepalese Himalayas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 51 (1 - 2): 33-49, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1245799, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1245799
86008784FFB70B1F6A8EA4F08768FE5C.text	86008784FFB70B1F6A8EA4F08768FE5C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lygocoris laligurans Yasunaga & Duwal 2016	<div><p>Lygocoris laligurans sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 1 (a− c), 2(a, b), 5)</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Holotype. Male, NEPAL, Khumbu Himal, Sagarmatha <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.74&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.74/lat 27.85)">National Park</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.74&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.74/lat 27.85)">Phortse Tenga</a>, 27.85°N, 86.74°E, 3900 m altitude, on Rhododendron sp., 27 August 2005, T. Yasunaga (AMNH _ PBI 00380459) (NMTU).</p> <p>Paratypes. NEPAL, Khumbu Himal: One female, Sagarmatha National Park, Dole, 27.8667°N, 86.7295°E, 4030 m altitude, 24 August 2005, T. Yasunaga (TYCN); two females, Sagarmatha National Park, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.73&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.82" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.73/lat 27.82)">Sanasa–Kyanjuma</a>, 27.82°N, 86.73°E, 3600–3700 m altitude, on Rhododendron sp., 28 August 2005, T. Yasunaga (TYCN); one male, one female, same data as for holotype (NMTU, TYCN); Langtang Himal: Langtang National Park, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.42&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.16" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.42/lat 28.16)">Rimche</a> – Lama Hotel, one male, one female, 28.16°N, 85.42°E, 2400 m, 3 June 2006, T. Yasunaga (TYCN); Nuwakot District, 1 female, 27.97°N, 85.00°E, 11,100 ft (3380 m) (no further locality given on label but locality corresponding to Samjong area, 50 km northwest of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.97" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.0/lat 27.97)">Kathmandu</a> by <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.97" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.0/lat 27.97)">Google Earth</a>), 25 June 1967, Canada Nepal Expedition (Canadian National Collection, Ottawa). INDIA, west Sikkim: one male, Ohoka, 3050 m, light trap, 13 September 1983, M. Tomokuni (NSMT); two males, Phithang, 3660 m, light trap, 14 −15 September 1983, M. Tomokuni (NSMT); seven males, Dzongri, 3900−4100 m, light trap, 16−18 September 1983, M. Tomokuni (NSMT); two males, one female, Thangshing, 3750−3950 m, light trap, 19−20 September 1983, M. Tomokuni (NSMT).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Recognized readily by its large, broad body and brilliant red general coloration. Most similar to Lygocoris ferrugineus Lu &amp; Zheng described from Yunnan, China and possessing rusty-red general coloration (Zheng et al. 2004); distinguished by more vivid red basic coloration, almost wholly reddish antennal segment I and II, elongate hypophysis of right paramere, L-shaped spiculum and longer lobal-sclerite on endosoma, and reduced sclerotized ring.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Body uniformly brilliant red or orange-red, elongate-oval (Figure 2 (a)); dorsal surface shining, with uniformly distributed, silky, reclining setae. Head uniformly red, oblique, narrowed, less than half as wide as basal pronotum. Antenna pale red, relatively short, almost linear; segment II with slightly darkened apex, shorter than basal width of pronotum; remaining segments reddish dark brown; segment III longer than IV. Labium shiny reddish brown, reaching but not exceeding apex of metacoxa; apex of segment IV darkened. Pronotum shining, rather tumid, shallowly and faintly punctate, with polished calli; collar somewhat matte, about as thick as antennal segment II; pleura red including scent efferent system (Figure 2 (b)), but widely creamy yellow when alive (Figure 1 (c), right); mesoscutum weakly shagreened; scutellum somewhat arched. Hemelytron weakly shagreened, partly semi-transparent; cuneus about twice as long as wide; membrane pale smoky brown, semi-transparent, narrowly pale along inner margin of cuneus, with reddish veins that are apically margined by L-shaped sanguineous striae (Figure 2 (b)). All coxae and legs almost uniformly red; coxae yellowish when alive (Figure 1 (c), right); tibial spines pale reddish brown, short; apex of each tarsus infuscate. Abdomen deep red. Male genitalia as in Figure 5. Pygophore sharpened at apex, with a triangular, weak process at base of each paramere; left paramere sharply curved at middle, with triangularly developed sensory lobe and apically hooked hypophysis; hypophysis of right paramere elongate, hooked as C-shaped; endosoma with weakly curved, somewhat spiral spiculum sharply tapered toward apex and with elongate, wholly spinulate lobal-sclerite; seminal duct expanded subapically; secondary gonopore thick-rimmed, slightly disjunct distally; phallotheca with a tubercle at apex. Female genitalia as in Figure 5. Sclerotized ring very small, somewhat rhombic; interramal lobe moderate in size, rather squared; lateral lobe similar in general shape to interramal lobe.</p> <p>Measurements</p> <p>Males/females: Total length of body 6.0–7.2 / 6.9–7.5; head width including eyes 1.00– 1.03 / 1.00–1.03; vertex width 0.30–0.38 / 0.38–0.41; lengths of antennal segments I–IV 0.57–0.69, 1.88–2.02, 0.76–0.78, 0.47–0.69 / 0.74–0.76, 1.88–2.21, 0.89–0.95, 0.58–0.65; labial length 2.09–2.28 / 2.37–2.46; mesal length of pronotum including collar 1.10– 1.13 / 1.13–1.17; basal width of pronotum 1.91–2.09 / 2.09–2.13; maximum width across hemelytron 2.43–2.63 / 2.52–2.78; and lengths of metafemur, tibia and tarsus 1.99–2.17, 3.07–3.42, 0.57–0.76 / 1.90–2.66, 3.57–4.09, 0.76–0.78.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>From Nepalese, laligurans (= rhododendron), named for its association with wild Rhododendron azaleas; a noun in apposition.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Nepal (Khumbu, Nuwakot and Rasuwa Districts), India (west Sikkim).</p> <p>Biology</p> <p>All specimens collected by the first author were found from Rhododendron spp. (Ericaceae) in the subalpine zones; sitting on the red petioles or branches of rhododendrons, this plant bug is evidently cryptic (Figure 1 (b, c)), although its immature forms are yet to be confirmed. In Indian Sikkim, the adults were attracted to UV light traps.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/86008784FFB70B1F6A8EA4F08768FE5C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Yasunaga, Tomohide;Duwal, Ram Keshari	Yasunaga, Tomohide, Duwal, Ram Keshari (2016): Three noteworthy mirine plant bugs inhabiting subalpine zones of the Nepalese Himalayas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 51 (1 - 2): 33-49, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1245799, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1245799
86008784FFB30B1D6AD6A09E806BF94D.text	86008784FFB30B1D6AD6A09E806BF94D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytocoris sagarmathanus Yasunaga & Duwal 2016	<div><p>Phytocoris sagarmathanus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 1 (f, g), 2(c− f), 6)</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Holotype. Male, NEPAL, Khumbu Himal, Sagarmatha <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.69&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.81" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.69/lat 27.81)">National Park</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.69&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.81" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.69/lat 27.81)">Namche–Phorte</a> [Phurte], 27.81°N, 86.69°E, 3400−3500 m altitude, on Abies spectabilis, 29 August 2005, T. Yasunaga (AMNH _ PBI 00380460) (NMTU). Paratypes. Seven males, three females, same data as for holotype (NMTU, TYCN).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Recognized by its moderate size; noticeable erect setae on antennal segment I (Figure 1 (f, g)); narrowly darkened posterior margin of pronotum arranging creamy yellow spots (Figure 2 (c, e)); and form of male genitalia (Figure 6).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Body elongate oval, parallel-sided, moderate in size (Figure 2 (c, e)); basic coloration brown to dark brown; dorsal surface matte, widely mottled, with uniformly distributed, dark, simple, semi-erect setae and sparsely distributed, sericeous, short, reclining setae. Head brown, matte, irregularly speckled with darker or whitish maculae, rather vertical; eyes comparatively small; frons somewhat striolate. Antenna dark brown; segment I speckled with pale, small spots, with noticeable, silky, long, erect setae; segment II with yellow base and in female with median yellow ring; extreme base of segment III yellow. Labium shiny reddish brown, exceeding apex of metacoxa and reaching abdominal sternum VI (Figure 2 (d, f)). Pronotum matte, brown medially, darkened laterally, with darkened narrowly fuscous posterior margin furnished with creamy yellow spots; calli irregularly rugose; collar fuscous, mottled with brown medially, about as thick as antennal segment I; scutellum brown, weakly shining, mottled with pale spots, somewhat arched, with yellow apex; pleura rather shining, widely chestnut brown except for creamy yellow ventral margins and ostiolar peritreme. Hemelytron weakly shining, widely dark brown, partly reddish, speckled with pale semitransparent portions; apex of corium usually with a velvety, slush-like macula; base of cuneus dark brown, mottled, with paler basal part; membrane smoky brown, more or less mottled with small, semitransparent spots. All coxae pale brown, sometimes narrowly darkened basally. Leg chestnut brown; all femora speckled with pale spots as in antennal segment I but their basal parts usually paler; metafemur somewhat flattened; each tibia speckled with pale, small spots, with two or three yellowish annulations; tibial spines pale brown, prominent; apical part of each tarsomere III somewhat darkened. Abdomen brown; ventral median part more or less mottled with white maculae. Male genitalia as in Figure 6. Pygophore smooth, without noticeable process near bases of parameres. Parameres generally slender; left paramere L-shaped, with triangular protuberance on sensory lobe; right paramere weakly curved at middle, with tapered hypophysis. Endosomal membranous lobe not developed; comb-shaped sclerite enlarged, thin; secondary gonopore narrow, ovoid; seminal duct weakly expanded subapically; phallotheca smooth, without any elaboration along apical margin. Female genitalia as in Figure 6. Genital chamber simply membranous; sclerotized ring small, narrow.</p> <p>Measurements</p> <p>Males/females: Total length of body 6.4–6.6 / 6.2–6.6; head width including eyes 0.93– 0.95 / 0.95–0.96; vertex width 0.30–0.32 / 0.39–0.43; lengths of antennal segments I–IV 0.93–0.94, 2.41–2.47, 0.95–1.05, 0.93–1.01 / 0.95–0.97, 2.28–2.32, 0.98–1.03, 0.87–0.95; labial length 2.62–2.70 / 2.96–3.04; mesal length of pronotum including collar 0.85– 0.90 / 0.87–0.95; basal width of pronotum 1.53–1.56 / 1.67–1.73; maximum width across hemelytron 1.93–2.00 / 2.28–2.32; and lengths of metafemur, tibia and tarsus 2.62–2.66, 4.18–4.22, 0.74–0.78 / 2.71–2.85, 4.27–4.37, 0.76–0.80.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>Named for its occurrence in Sagarmatha (Everest) region.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Nepal (Khumbu District).</p> <p>Biology</p> <p>Eleven adults including some teneral individuals were captured simultaneously from Abies spectabilis, which is assumed to be its breeding host.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/86008784FFB30B1D6AD6A09E806BF94D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Yasunaga, Tomohide;Duwal, Ram Keshari	Yasunaga, Tomohide, Duwal, Ram Keshari (2016): Three noteworthy mirine plant bugs inhabiting subalpine zones of the Nepalese Himalayas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 51 (1 - 2): 33-49, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1245799, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1245799
