identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
821649988E2B871ED4470E543BC6C7B3.text	821649988E2B871ED4470E543BC6C7B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) binarius	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) binarius sp. n. Figures 1-7 </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The male imago can be distinguished from the known species of the genus by the following combination of characters: low AR (0.29); squama with few setae; anal lobe reduced; inferior volsella has two  sub–lobes ; virga absent. </p>
            <p> Description . </p>
            <p>Adult male (n = 4). Total length 1.50-1.80, 1.63 mm. Wing length 0.81-0.97, 0.89 mm. Total length/wing length 1.83-1.86, 1.84. Wing length/length of profemur 2.26-2.43 (3).</p>
            <p>Coloration. Head, abdomen, legs brown; thorax with yellow ground with brown postnotum and preepisternum.</p>
            <p> Head. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres. Terminal flagellomere length 95-108, 105  μm . AR 0.28-0.33, 0.29. Temporal setae 8 (2), including 2 (2) inner verticals, 3-4 (3) outer verticals, and 2 (2) postorbitals. Clypeus with 6-10, 8 setae. Tentorium 86-96, 92  μm long, 14-19, 15  μm wide. Palpomere lengths (in  μm ): 19-24, 22; 26-29, 28; 55-62, 59; 84-91, 86; 98-120, 110. L: 5th/3rd 1.77-2.10, 1.86. </p>
            <p> Wing (Figure 1). VR 1.25-1.29 (3). Anal lobe reduced. Brachiolum with 1 seta; R with 9-15, 13 setae; R1 with 1-4, 2 setae; R4+5 9-11, 10 setae; M with 0-1, 1 seta. Squama with 1-2, 1 seta. Costal extension 70  μm long. Cu1 slightly curved. </p>
            <p>Thorax (Figure 2). Antepronotum with 3-6, 5 lateral setae, dorsocentrals 13-15, 13, acrostichals 3-7, 5, prealars 4-6, 5. Scutellum with 6-8, 7 setae.</p>
            <p> Legs. Pulvilli present. Spur of fore tibia 29 (3)  μm long, spurs of mid tibia 22-24, 23  μm and 16-19, 18  μm long; hind tibia with a long spur 40-43, 42  μm long, a short spur 14-17, 16  μm long and comb composed of 10-12, 11 spines. Width at apex of fore tibia 24-28, 26  μm , of mid tibia 20-26, 24  μm , of hind tibia 31-36, 33  μm . Lengths (in  μm ) and proportions of legs as in Table 1. </p>
            <p> Hypopygium (Figures 3-7). Laterosternite IX with 4-6, 5 setae. Anal point (Figure 5) subtriangular with rounded apex, 24-26, 25  μm long, with 13-15, 14 strong setae. Phallapodeme 22-24, 24  μm long. Transverse sternapodeme 44-50, 48  μm long. Virga absent. Gonocoxite 110-122, 118  μm long. Inferior volsella (Figure 6) with two  sub–lobes , the dorsal lobe with concave inner margin and 4-5, 5 marginal setae, the ventral lobe  semi–rounded with 3-4, 3 marginal setae. Gonostylus (Figure 7) 60-67, 64  μm long, narrowed at base. Megaseta 9-10, 10  μm long. HR 1.82-1.92, 1.85. HV 2.43-2.48, 2.45. </p>
            <p> Female , pupa and larva unknown. </p>
            <p>Type materials.</p>
            <p>Holotype: ♂ (BDN No.20200), China, Fujian, Quanzhou City, Dehua County, Daiyun Mountain, 25°40'N, 118°11'E, 13.ix.2002, Zheng Liu, sweep net. Paratypes: 3 ♂♂, as holotype.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The specific name is from Latin, binarius, meaning "of two", referring to the inferior volsella has two  sub–lobes . </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The new species resembles  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) tusimoquereus Sasa &amp; Suzuki (1999) in the structure of hypopygium, but can be separated from the latter on the following points: (1)  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) binarius sp. n. has small body size (1.63 mm) and low AR (0.29); (2) wing anal lobe reduced and squama with few setae; (3) inferior volsella with two  sub–lobes ; (4) virga absent. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>The new species is collected in a subtropical mountain area in Fujian Province (Oriental China).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/821649988E2B871ED4470E543BC6C7B3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ren, Jing;Lin, Xiaolong;Wang, Xinhua	Ren, Jing, Lin, Xiaolong, Wang, Xinhua (2014): Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 387: 51-72, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808
CA72AB1F5ED8A83DBCCEAA78F8A06967.text	CA72AB1F5ED8A83DBCCEAA78F8A06967.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) cristagus Stur & Saether 2004	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 
Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) cristagus Stur &amp; 
Saether
, 2004
</p>
            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) cristagus Stur &amp;  Sæther , 2004: 79; Ashe and  O’Connor 2012: 531. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The male imago is separable from the other species of the genus  Pseudorthocladius by having hairy wings, strong crista dorsalis and outer heel of the gonotylus. </p>
            <p>Specimens examined.</p>
            <p>China, Zhejiang: 1 ♂ (BDN No.K5B50), Taizhou City, Tiantai County, Huading Mountain, 29°15'45"N, 121°06'36"E, 13.iv.2011, Xiaolong Lin, sweep net.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Stur and  Sæther (2004) erected a  hairy–winged species  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) cristagus based on the specimen from Luxemburg. The species can be separated from close species  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) pilosipennis by having a gonostylus with a prominent crista dorsalis and an outer heel. The Chinese specimen mainly agrees with the original description of Stur and  Sæther (2004). Some measured differences between the specimens from China and Luxemburg are shown in Table 2. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Zhejiang Province (Oriental China); Luxemburg.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CA72AB1F5ED8A83DBCCEAA78F8A06967	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ren, Jing;Lin, Xiaolong;Wang, Xinhua	Ren, Jing, Lin, Xiaolong, Wang, Xinhua (2014): Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 387: 51-72, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808
831140A288970468DEA2DEB22C4A49CD.text	831140A288970468DEA2DEB22C4A49CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) curtistylus (Goetghebuer 1921) Goetghebuer 1921	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudorthocladius
(Pseudorthocladius) curtistylus (Goetghebuer, 1921)
</p>
            <p> Hydrobaenus (Psectrocladius) curtistylus Goetghebuer, 1921: 101. </p>
            <p> Spaniotoma (Orthocladius) curtistylus (Goetghebuer); Edwards 1929: 350. </p>
            <p> Orthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) curtistylus (Goetghebuer); Goetghebuer 1932: 93, 1940-50: 73. </p>
            <p> Spaniotoma curtistylus (Goetghebuer); Edwards 1932: 141. </p>
            <p> Hydrobaenus (Pseudokiefferiella) curtistylus (Goetghebuer); Laurence 1951: 165. </p>
            <p> Pseudorthocladius curtistylus (Goetghebuer); Thienemann and Kruger 1939: 25; Thienemann 1944: 569, 616; Coe 1950: 160; Strenzke 1950: 230; Brundin 1956: 137; Lehmann 1971: 459; Pinder 1978: 94. </p>
            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) curtistylus (Goetghebuer):  Sæther and Sublette 1983: 69, fig. 37; Wang 2000: 639; Ashe and  O’Connor 2012: 532; Makarchenko and Makarchenko 2012: 76-77. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>AR 0.45-0.70; dorsocentrals 15-18; R with 9-13 setae, R1 with 2-3 setae, R4+5 with 0-14 setae; squama with 3-4 setae; virga present. Type I with low and extending crista dorsalis, type II with crista dorsalis absent, type III with round and protruding crista dorsalis.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined.</p>
            <p>China, Zhejiang: 3 ♂♂, Wenzhou City, Taishun County, 27°33'N, 119°39'E, 1.viii.2005, Xin Qi, light trap; Tianmu Mountain, 30°19'N, 119°26'E, 23.vi.1998, Bingchun Ji, sweep net. Fujian: 10 ♂♂, Wuyi City, Wuyi Mountain, 27°45'N, 118°03'E, 30.iv.1993, Xinhua Wang, sweep net. Guangdong: 5 ♂♂, Fengkai County, 23°24'N, 111°30'E, 20.iv.1988, Xinhua Wang, sweep net. Yunnan: 2 ♂♂, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Cang Mountain, Qingbi River, 25°36'N, 100°15'E, 23.v.1996, Yuzhou Du, light trap. Hunan: 2 ♂♂, Zhuzhou City, Yanling County, 26°27'N, 113°42'E, 16.vii.2004, Chuncai Yan, sweep net.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The Chinese specimens agree with the description of  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) curtistylus type II and type III. According to  Sæther and Sublette (1983), type II without crista dorsalis, while type III with rounded and protruding crista dorsalis. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>The species is widely distributed in Holarctic region.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/831140A288970468DEA2DEB22C4A49CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ren, Jing;Lin, Xiaolong;Wang, Xinhua	Ren, Jing, Lin, Xiaolong, Wang, Xinhua (2014): Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 387: 51-72, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808
661F4C4CF47DB864570675432D173243.text	661F4C4CF47DB864570675432D173243.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) cylindratus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) cylindratus sp. n. Figures 8-13 </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The male imago can be distinguished from the known species of the genus by the following combination of characters: cylindrical anal point;  well–developed triangular inferior volsella; low AR (0.66) and high VR (1.37). </p>
            <p> Description . </p>
            <p>Adult male (n = 6). Total length 1.68-1.97, 1.87 mm. Wing length 1.04-1.19, 1.15 mm. Total length/wing length 1.53-1.75, 1.63. Wing length/length of profemur 2.64-2.88, 2.71.</p>
            <p>Coloration. Head, abdomen, legs light brown; thorax with light brown ground with brownish black postnotum and preepisternum.</p>
            <p> Head. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres. Terminal flagellomere length 235-264, 254  μm . AR 0.65-0.67, 0.66. Temporal setae 8-10, 9, including 3-6, 4 inner verticals, 4-5, 5 outer verticals, and 0-2, 1 postorbital. Clypeus with 8-11, 10 setae. Tentorium 96-113, 103  μm long, 18-21, 19  μm wide. Palpomere lengths (in  μm ): 22-26, 24; 24-28, 26; 60-72, 65; 84-91, 86; 113-137, 130. L: 5th/3rd 1.87-2.28, 2.00. </p>
            <p> Wing (Figure 8). VR 1.33-1.43, 1.37. Anal lobe obtuse. Brachiolum with 1 seta; R with 5-13, 9 setae; R1 with 1-4, 2 setae; other veins bare. Squama with 1-3, 2 setae. Costal extension 80-84, 81  μm long. Cu1 slightly curved. </p>
            <p>Thorax (Figure 9). Antepronotum with 4-6, 5 lateral setae, dorsocentrals 9-13, 11, acrostichals 3-7, 5, prealars 3-5, 4. Scutellum with 4-5, 5 setae.</p>
            <p> Legs. Pulvilli present. Spur of fore tibia 29-41, 34  μm long, spurs of mid tibia 19-29, 22  μm and 19  μm long; hind tibia with a long spur 36-41, 38  μm long, a short spur 24-31, 27  μm long and comb composed of 10-12, 11 spines. Width at apex of fore tibia 34-46, 37  μm , of mid tibia 29-31, 30  μm , of hind tibia 31-36, 33  μm . Lengths (in  μm ) and proportions of legs as in Table 3. </p>
            <p> Hypopygium (Figures 10-13). Laterosternite IX with 4-6, 5 setae. Anal point (Figure 12) cylindrical and 45-49, 48  μm long and with 10-13, 11 stout setae, 23-28, 25  μm long. Phallapodeme 31-36, 34  μm long. Transverse sternapodeme 65-67, 66  μm long and convex in the middle. Virga absent. Gonocoxite 117-137, 123  μm long, with 7 setae along inner margin. Inferior volsella (Figure 12) developed and triangular with 3-4, 3 strong marginal setae. Gonostylus (Figure 13) 65-72, 67  μm long, narrowed at base and distal end, widen in the middle. Megaseta 8-10, 9  μm long. HR 1.83-1.90, 1.85. HV 2.74-3.14, 2.78. </p>
            <p>Female, pupa and larva unknown.</p>
            <p> Type materials. </p>
            <p>Holotype: ♂ (BDN No.26348), China: Hunan Province, Chenzhou City, Yizhang County, Mang Mountain, 25°24'N, 113°18'E, 22.vii.2004, Chuncai Yan, light trap. Paratypes (5 ♂♂): 4 ♂♂, as holotype; 1 ♂, Hainan Province, Changjiang County, Bawang Mountain, 19°15'36"N, 109°03'18"E, 10.v.1988, Xinhua Wang, sweep net.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The specific name is from Latin, cylindratus, meaning "in the form of a cylinder", referring to the cylindrical anal point, which is unique in the genus.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The new species resembles  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) amplicaudus Sæther &amp; Sublette, 1983 in the structure of hypopygium, but the new species can be separated from latter on the basis of main characters in Table 4. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>The new species is known from Hunan, Hainan Province in Oriental China.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/661F4C4CF47DB864570675432D173243	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ren, Jing;Lin, Xiaolong;Wang, Xinhua	Ren, Jing, Lin, Xiaolong, Wang, Xinhua (2014): Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 387: 51-72, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808
4B6D09CD6A578177149A9A8B72DEBFF1.text	4B6D09CD6A578177149A9A8B72DEBFF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) digitus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) digitus sp. n. Figures 14-18 </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The male imago can be distinguished from the known species of the genus by the following combination of characters: anal point rounded and reaching beyond the caudal margin of Tergite IX; inferior volsella  finger–shaped ; squama bare; anal lobe reduced. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Adult male (n = 1). Total length 2.43 mm. Wing length 1.55 mm. Total length/wing length 1.57. Wing length/length of profemur 2.54.</p>
            <p>Coloration. Head, abdomen, legs brown; thorax with yellow ground with brown postnotum and preepisternum.</p>
            <p> Head. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres. Terminal flagellomere length 300  μm . AR 0.74. Temporal setae 7, including 4 inner verticals, 3 outer verticals. Clypeus with 2 setae. Tentorium 110  μm long, 24  μm wide. Palpomere lengths (in  μm ): 29, 31, 60, 108, -. </p>
            <p> Wing (Figure 14). Anal lobe reduced. Brachiolum with 1 seta; R with 7 setae; R1 with 1 seta; other veins bare. Squama bare. Costa extention 41  μm long. Cu1 slightly curved. </p>
            <p>Thorax (Figure 15). Antepronotum with 5 lateral setae, dorsocentrals 7, acrostichals 2, prealars 5. Scutellum with 9 setae.</p>
            <p> Legs. Pulvilli present. Spur of fore tibia 50  μm long, spurs of mid tibia both 29  μm long; hind tibia with a long spur 60  μm long, a short spur 29  μm long and comb  composed of 12 spines. Width at apex of fore tibia 43  μm , of mid tibia 36  μm , of hind tibia 45  μm . Lengths (in  μm ) and proportions of legs as in Table 5. </p>
            <p> Hypopygium (Figures 16-18). Laterosternite IX with 3 setae. Anal point (Figure 18) rounded and reaching beyond caudal margin of Tergite IX, maximum width 22  μm , with 10 long marginal setae. Phallapodeme 48  μm long. Transverse sternapodeme 50  μm long with small oral projection. Virga absent. Gonocoxite 178  μm long with 6 strong setae along inner margin. Inferior volsella (Figure 18)  finger–shaped ,  parallel–sided and rounded in the apex, bearing some weak setae along the margin and covered by microtrichia. Gonostylus 84  μm long, narrow at base, widen to the distal, with 3-4 setae along inner margin. Crista dorsalis visible, relatively low. Megaseta 10  μm long. HR 2.11. HV 2.89. </p>
            <p>Female, pupa and larva unknown.</p>
            <p>Type materials.</p>
            <p>Holotype: ♂ (BDN No.05327), China: Fujian Province, Wuyi City, Wuyi Mountain, 27°45'N, 118°03'E, 26.iv.1993, Xinhua Wang, sweep net.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The specific name is from Latin, digitus, meaning  “finger” , referring to the  finger–shaped inferior volsella. </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) digitus sp. n. is close to  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) yakuxeyeus (Sasa &amp; Suzuki, 2000) in the antenna ratio (0.71-0.74) and  finger–liked inferior volsella. But it can be separated from the latter by having rounded anal point reaching beyond the caudal margin of tergite IX, reduced wing anal lobe and bare squama. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>The new species is known from Fujian Province in Oriental China.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4B6D09CD6A578177149A9A8B72DEBFF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ren, Jing;Lin, Xiaolong;Wang, Xinhua	Ren, Jing, Lin, Xiaolong, Wang, Xinhua (2014): Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 387: 51-72, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808
5860BFF21537B2EECAA0747CA6BA0192.text	5860BFF21537B2EECAA0747CA6BA0192.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) jintutridecima (Sasa 1996) Sasa 1996	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) jintutridecima (Sasa, 1996)</p>
            <p> Eukiefferiella jintutridecimus Sasa, 1996: 64. </p>
            <p> Psectrocladius (Mesopsectrocladius) jintutridecima ?  Sæther , Ashe &amp; Murray, 2000: 171. </p>
            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) jintutridecima Yamamoto 2004: 82; Ashe and  O’Connor 2012: 534. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>AR 0.25-0.96; wing anal lobe near rectangular; tergite IX without anal point, just with a strongly chitinized broad and rounded ridge, bearing 13 strong setae; inferior volsella low and round, posterior corner.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined.</p>
            <p>China, Sichuan: 1 ♂, Baoxing County, 30°24'N, 102°54'E, 19.vi.1996, Ruilei Zhang, light trap. Shaanxi: 1 ♂, Liuba County, 33°39'N, 106°57'E, 1.viii.1994, Bingchun Ji, light trap. Fujian: 2 ♂♂ Wuyi City, Wuyi Mountain, 27°45'N, 118°03'E, 26.iv.1993, Xinhua Wang, light trap. Yunnan: 11 ♂♂, Lijiang City, Lijiang County, Shigu town, Chongjiang river, 26°51'N, 100°14'E, 25.v.1996, Xinhua Wang, light trap; 6 ♂♂, Yulong Naxi Autonomous County, Tiger Leaping Gorge, 27°11'24"N, 100°07'12"E, 26.v.1996, Xinhua Wang, light trap. Guangdong: 1 ♂, Fengkai County, 23°24'N, 111°30'E, 20.iv.1988, Xinhua Wang, sweep net.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Sasa (1996) described this species based on the material from Japan, and put it in the genus  Eukiefferiella .  Sæther , Ashe and Murray (2000) transferred this species to the genus?  Psectrocladius . Yamamoto (2004) transferred it into the genus  Pseudorthocladius . The Chinese specimens agree with the original description of Sasa (1996) with exception of Chinese specimens have lower AR (0.25-0.86). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Shaanxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Sichuan, Yunnan Province (Oriental China); Japan.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5860BFF21537B2EECAA0747CA6BA0192	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ren, Jing;Lin, Xiaolong;Wang, Xinhua	Ren, Jing, Lin, Xiaolong, Wang, Xinhua (2014): Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 387: 51-72, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808
966DCD053770F7AC9EE585E64311D7C2.text	966DCD053770F7AC9EE585E64311D7C2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) macrovirgatus Saether & Sublette 1983	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 
Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) macrovirgatus 
Saether
&amp; Sublette, 1983
</p>
            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) macrovirgatus Sæther &amp; Sublette, 1983: 88; Ashe and  O’Connor 2012: 535. </p>
            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) cranstoni Sæther &amp; Sublette, 1983: 92; Schnell 1991: 5-10. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> AR 1.04-1.18; R4+5 with 0-8 setae, squama with 6-15 setae; virga consisting of 2 broad lateral spines and 4 partially fused median spines, about 0.5  ×as long as gonostylus; gonostylus  well–developed with rounded inferior volsella. </p>
            <p>Specimens examined.</p>
            <p>China, Zhejiang: 1 ♂, Taizhou City, Tiantai County, Baxian Lake, 29°09'N, 120°57'E, 13.iv.2011, Xiaolong Lin, sweep net.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The Chinese specimen mainly agrees with the original description by  Sæther and Sublette (1983). Some measured differences between the Chinese  specimen and the specimen described by  Sæther and Sublette (1983) are shown in Table 6. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Zhejiang Province (Oriental China); Europe (Norway; Great Britain; Ireland; France and Netherlands, and North America (U.S.A. and Canada).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/966DCD053770F7AC9EE585E64311D7C2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ren, Jing;Lin, Xiaolong;Wang, Xinhua	Ren, Jing, Lin, Xiaolong, Wang, Xinhua (2014): Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 387: 51-72, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808
542FC5033305E5D7457DC8B67BFC5BB0.text	542FC5033305E5D7457DC8B67BFC5BB0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) morsei Saether & Sublette 1983	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 
Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) morsei 
Saether
&amp; Sublette, 1983
</p>
            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) morsei Sæther &amp; Sublette, 1983: 85; Ashe and  O’Connor 2012: 535. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>AR 0.78-0.97; virga consisting of tight cluster of about 10 spines and 2 broader lateral blades; inferior volsella with concave inner margin and 1 anterior and 1posterior corner; gonostylus with basal inner lobe, a sharp bend distad of the middle, and a narrow apical posterior.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined.</p>
            <p>China, Sichuan: 1 ♂, Kangding County, 29°54'N, 102°06'E, 8.vi.1996, Xinhua Wang, light trap.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Sæther and Sublette (1983) described  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) morsei based on the material from U.S.A. Its gonostylus has a basal inner lobe, sharply bend distad of the middle and narrow in apical posterior, which is unique among  Pseudorthocladius . The Chinese specimen agrees with the description except some minor differences shown in Table 7. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Sichuan Province (Oriental China); U.S.A.; Canada.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/542FC5033305E5D7457DC8B67BFC5BB0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ren, Jing;Lin, Xiaolong;Wang, Xinhua	Ren, Jing, Lin, Xiaolong, Wang, Xinhua (2014): Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 387: 51-72, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808
2844A084CB682C0938695136E953F061.text	2844A084CB682C0938695136E953F061.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) ovatus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudorthocladius
(Pseudorthocladius) ovatus
 sp. n. Figures 19-23 </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>The male imago can be distinguished from the known species of the genus by the following combination of characters: anal point round baring 9 long and strong setae; inferior volsella oval with round margin and bearing 8 long and stout marginal setae; high AR(1.40).</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Adult male (n = 5). Total length 2.90-3.20, 2.98 mm. Wing length 1.43-1.55, 1.47 mm. Total length/wing length 1.88-2.08, 2.00. Wing length/length of profemur 2.26-2.41, 2.35.</p>
            <p>Coloration. Head, abdomen, legs brown; thorax with yellow ground with brown preepisternum and brownish black postnotum.</p>
            <p> Head. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres. Terminal flagellomere length 410-460, 440  μm . AR 1.31-1.55, 1.40. Temporal setae 8-11, 10, including 3-7, 4 inner verticals, 5-6, 5 outer verticals, and 0-1, 1 postorbital. Clypeus with 8-12, 10 setae. Tentorium 120-132, 126  μm long, 31-33, 32  μm wide. Palpomere lengths (in  μm ): 31-36, 32; 43-45, 44; 105-108, 107; 155-158, 156; 201-207, 204. L: 5th/3rd 1.81-1.96, 1.91. </p>
            <p> Wing (Figure 19). VR 1.19-1.26, 1.21. Anal lobe  well–developed . Brachiolum with 1 seta; R with 10-12, 10 setae; R1 with 3-4, 3 setae; other veins bare. Squama 14-18, 16 setae. Costa extension 36-50, 46  μm long. Cu1 slightly curved. </p>
            <p>Thorax (Figure 20). Antepronotum with 5-8, 6 lateral setae, dorsocentrals 20-25, 22, acrostichals 8-12, 10, prealars 7-8, 8. Scutellum with 12-17, 15 setae.</p>
            <p> Legs. Pulvilli present. Spur of fore tibia 45-48, 46  μm long, spurs of mid tibia both 19-24, 22  μm long; hind tibia with a long spur 48-52, 50  μm long, a short spur 17-24, 22  μm long and comb composed of 12-14, 13 spines. Width at apex of fore tibia 38-43, 41  μm , of mid tibia 31-40, 36  μm , of hind tibia 43-48, 45  μm . Lengths (in  μm ) and proportions of legs as in Table 8. </p>
            <p> Hypopygium (Figures 21-23). Laterosternite IX with 6-7, 6 setae. Tergite IX with round anal point, bearing 9-10, 9 long and strong setae. Phallapodeme 36-40, 38  μm long. Transverse sternapodeme 72-84, 81  μm long. Virga absent. Gonocoxite 153-168, 162  μm long with oval inferior volsella (Figure 23) with rounded margin and bearing 8 long, stout marginal setae. Gonostylus 89-96, 98  μm long, with small crista dorsalis. Megaseta 5-7, 6  μm long. HR 1.70-1.89, 1.75. HV 3.18-3.23, 3.22. </p>
            <p>Female, pupa and larva unknown.</p>
            <p>Type materials.</p>
            <p> Holotype: ♂ (BDN No.26746), China: Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou City, Taishun County, 27°33'N, 119°39'E, 1.viii.2005, Bingchun Ji, light trap.  Paratypes (4 ♂♂): 3 ♂♂, Zhejiang Province, Tianmu Mountain, 30°19'N, 119°26'E, 8.ix.1998, Xinhua Wang, light trap; 1 ♂, Zhejiang Province, Lishui City, Qingyuan county, 27°39'N, 119°09'E, 13.vii.1994, Hong Wu, sweep net. </p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The specific name is from Latin, ovatus, meaning  egg–shaped , referring to the oval inferior volsella. </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The new species is close to  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) matusecundus Sasa &amp; Kawai, 1987 in the structure of hypopygium, but can be separated from the latter on the basis of characters in Table 9. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>The new species is known from Zhejiang Province in Oriental China.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2844A084CB682C0938695136E953F061	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ren, Jing;Lin, Xiaolong;Wang, Xinhua	Ren, Jing, Lin, Xiaolong, Wang, Xinhua (2014): Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 387: 51-72, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808
D3CF7AB5C2A13F1BE265417C3A5A01A9.text	D3CF7AB5C2A13F1BE265417C3A5A01A9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) paucus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) paucus sp. n. Figures 24-30 </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The male imago can be distinguished from the known species of the genus by the following combination of characters: with few setae on squama, R4+5 and acrostichals; gonostylus expanded at the apex; anal point triangular baring about 7 stout setae; inferior volsella inserted along the gonocoxite,  parallel–sided . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Adult male (n = 3). Total length 1.49-1.60 mm. Wing length 0.77-0.92 mm. Total length/wing length 1.74-1.75. Wing length/length of profemur 2.56-2.58.</p>
            <p>Coloration. Head, abdomen, legs light brown; thorax with light brown ground with brownish black postnotum and preepisternum.</p>
            <p> Head. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres. Terminal flagellomere length 115-153  μm , conspicuous swollen apically and with strong sensory setae. AR 0.26-0.48. Temporal setae 5-9, including 2-4 inner verticals, 3-5 outer verticals. Clypeus with 7-10 setae. Tentorium 72-84  μm long, 14-19  μm wide. Palpomere lengths (in  μm ): 22-24; 24-26; 48-55; 60-65; 91-96. L: 5th/3rd 1.62-1.65. </p>
            <p> Wing (Figure 24). VR 1.15-1.27. Anal lobe obtuse. Brachiolum with 1 seta; R with 4 setae; R4+5 with 0-1 seta; other veins bare. Squama with 0-1 seta. Costa extension 60  μm long. Cu1 slightly curved. </p>
            <p>Thorax (Figure 25). Antepronotum with 4-6 lateral setae, dorsocentrals 6-9, acrostichals 0-1, prealars 4-6. Scutellum with 6-7 setae.</p>
            <p> Legs . Pulvilli present. Spur of fore tibia 29-34  μm long, spurs of mid tibia both 17-19  μm long; hind tibia with a long spur 31-33  μm long, a short spur 19-24  μm long and comb composed of 10-12, 11 spines. Width at apex of fore tibia 21-26  μm , of mid tibia 21-24  μm , of hind tibia 24-29  μm . Lengths (in  μm ) and proportions of legs as in Table 10. </p>
            <p> Hypopygium (Figures 26-30). Laterosternite IX with 3-4 setae. Anal point (Figure 28) subtriangular with round apex, 9-10  μm long and 24-26  μm wide, with 4-5 lateral setae and 2-5 long setae around the base. Phallapodeme 22-24  μm long. Transverse sternapodeme 43-48  μm long. Virga absent. Gonocoxite 77-89  μm long with reduced  parallel–sided inferior volsella (Figure 29). Gonostylus (Figure 30) 43-50  μm long, expanded at the apex, crista dorsalis reduced. Megaseta 5  μm long. HR 1.60-1.83. HV 2.90-3.25. </p>
            <p>Female, pupa and larva unknown.</p>
            <p>Type materials.</p>
            <p> Holotype: ♂ (BDN No.25207), China, Hunan, Hengyang County, Heng Mountain, 27°15'N, 112°51'E, 19.vii.2004, Chuncai Yan, sweep net. Paratypes: 2 ♂♂, Hunan,  Dong’an Couny, Shunhuang Mountai, 26°24'N, 111°18'E, 26.vii.2004, Chuncai Yan, sweep net. </p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The specific name is from Latin, paucus, meaning  “few” , referring to the new species has few setae on squama, R4+5 and acrostichals. </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The new species resembles  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) oyabecrassus Sasa, Kawai &amp; Ueno, 1988 in the low AR (0.43, 0.50), gonostylus strongly expanded at about distal, but can be separated from  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) oyabecrassus on the basis of characters in table 11. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>The new species is known from Hunan Province in Oriental China.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D3CF7AB5C2A13F1BE265417C3A5A01A9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ren, Jing;Lin, Xiaolong;Wang, Xinhua	Ren, Jing, Lin, Xiaolong, Wang, Xinhua (2014): Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 387: 51-72, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808
2403A679A7A21BA42D69343CC1DF7C73.text	2403A679A7A21BA42D69343CC1DF7C73.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) wingoi Saether & Sublette 1983	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 
Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) wingoi 
Saether
&amp; Sublette, 1983
</p>
            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) wingoi Sæther &amp; Sublette, 1983: 98; Ashe and  O’Connor 2012: 530. </p>
            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) comans Sæther &amp; Sublette, 1983: 95; Cranston and Oliver 1988: 446. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>Inferior volsella hook-liked, bended posteriad; gonostylus broadest at base and densely covered with microtrichia; virga with 5-8 stronger spines and 0-20 finer spinules; AR 0.8-1.1; dorsocentrals 10-16; R with 1-3 setae, exceptionally with 12 setae.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined.</p>
            <p>China, Guizhou: 8 ♂♂, Fanjing Mountain, 27°54'54"N, 108°41'42"E, 28.v.-3.vi.2002, Bingchun Ji, sweep net.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The Chinese specimens mainly agree with the description by  Sæther and Sublette (1983). According to Cranston and Oliver (1988),  Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) comans is a synonym of  Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) wingoi . Based on the specimens from Canada the shape of the gonostylus is highly dependent on orientation and the spines might be correlated with size, so  Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) comans and  Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) wingoi should be the same species. The minor differences between Chinese specimens and North America specimens are as follows: (1) The anal point is a little shorter (12-17  μm ); (2) with small AR (0.75-0.86); (3) dorsocentrals 7-8. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Oriental China (Guizhou Province); U.S.A.; Canada.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2403A679A7A21BA42D69343CC1DF7C73	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ren, Jing;Lin, Xiaolong;Wang, Xinhua	Ren, Jing, Lin, Xiaolong, Wang, Xinhua (2014): Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 387: 51-72, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808
A650E4EACDD768F8267D7A6C1BDDE752.text	A650E4EACDD768F8267D7A6C1BDDE752.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) uniserratus Saether & Sublette 1983	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudorthocladius
(Pseudorthocladius) uniserratus 
Saether
&amp; Sublette, 1983
</p>
            <p> Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) uniserratus Sæther &amp; Sublette, 1983: 71; Ashe and  O’Connor 2012: 538. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>AR 0.63-0.95; R with 3-13 setae, R1 with 0-6 setae, R4+5 with 0-13 setae; squama with 4-6 setae; inferior volsella trianguler at middle; virga consisting of very weak field of about 20 minute spinules; crista dorsalis low, HR 1.68-1.91, HV 2.53.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined.</p>
            <p>China: Hunan Province: 1 ♂, Chenzhou City, Yizhang County, Mang Mountain, 25°24'N, 113°18'E, 22.vii.2004, Chuncai Yan, sweep net.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Sæther and Sublette (1983) described the male imago, pupa and larva from the U.S.A. The Chinese specimens mainly agree with the adult description of  Sæther and Sublette (1983). According to  Sæther and Sublette (1983), there are not significant differences between  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) uniserratus and  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) curtistylus in the male hypopygium, but as we can see in the figures of  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) uniserratus , the gonostylus is expanded at about distal while  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) curtistylus is narrowed; the inferior volsella is triangler at middle part. The Chinese specimens agree with  Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) uniserratus more. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Oriental China (Hunan Province); U.S.A.; Canada.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A650E4EACDD768F8267D7A6C1BDDE752	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ren, Jing;Lin, Xiaolong;Wang, Xinhua	Ren, Jing, Lin, Xiaolong, Wang, Xinhua (2014): Review of genus Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1943 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from China. ZooKeys 387: 51-72, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.5808
