identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
8356F61EFF905C0D41BDFF64FCD94630.text	8356F61EFF905C0D41BDFF64FCD94630.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tsounkranaglenea Lin & Ge 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Tsounkranaglenea gen. nov.</p>
            <p> Type species:  Tsounkranaglenea hefferni sp. nov.</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. It is mostly similar to  Glenea by the lateral elytral carinae and truncate elytral apex, but can be distinguished by the elongated, bended and rake-shaped sternite VII. In fact, it differs from all other saperdine genera by the peculiar sternite VII in males. It also differs from  Paraglenea Bates, 1866 ,  Heteroglenea Gahan, 1897 (as defined in Lin, Montreuil et al, 2009) and  Pareutetrapha Breuning, 1952 by the male claws of fore and hind legs simple instead of appendiculate or bifid and elytral apex truncated with sharp teeth instead of rounded or slightly truncated without sharp teeth. It also differs from  Eumecocera Solsky, 1871 and  Stenostola Dejean, 1835 by the elytra with lateral carinae and male claws of fore and hind legs simple instead of appendiculate or bifid. The combination of the following characters makes the new genus easily separable from other saperdine genera: prothorax without lateral tubercles, elytra with distinct lateral carinae, elytral apex truncated with long spines at outer angle, male claws with appendiculated tooth only in mesotarsi and female claws all simple, male sternite VII elongated and bended into a rake-shape. </p>
            <p>Description. Small-sized (under 15 mm). Head not broader than prothorax. Eyes deeply emarginate, not divided, lower eye lobe much vertically longer than (male) to subequal to (female) gena. Antennae longer than body, in male slightly longer than female, basal segments fringed with sparse setae, scape slightly expanded, second antennomere short, third antennomere always the longest, 4 th antennomere subequal to (female) to slightly longer than (male) scape, 4 th to 10 th slightly and gradually decreasing in length except 11 th being slightly longer than 10 th. Prothorax cylindrical, without lateral tubercles, slightly narrowed around basal fifth. Elytra subparallel, truncated apically, with sharp teeth at both inner and outer angles, each with two distinct lateral carinae starting from the base and combined into apical outer tooth (Figs 1b, 11b). Procoxal cavity closed posteriorly (Fig. 11c), mesocoxal cavity open to mesepimeron, metanepisternum more than twice as wide anteriorly as posteriorly. Protarsi with first segment expanded in male (Fig. 1a), mesotibiae with an oblique groove with setae (Fig. 1b), hind femur reaching fifth abdominal segment, hind tarsi with first segment longer than the following two combined. Male claws: only anterior claws of mesotarsi appendiculate with small teeth (Figs. 4–5), posterior claws of mesotarsi without teeth, and claws of pro- and metatarsi simple. Females claws simple (Figs. 11 a-11b). Male sternite VII elongated and bent into a rake-shape (Figs. 1–3), female sternite VII with a median groove (Fig. 11c).</p>
            <p>Male terminalia. Apex of male tergite VIII emarginated (Figs. 6a–6c). Lateral lobes slender, with a strong tooth at ventral base (Fig. 8b); ringed part elbowed in the widest portion, converging; basal piece well-developed and bifurcated (Fig. 8c). Median lobe strongly curved, shorter than tegmen, dorsal plate shorter than ventral plate, apex of ventral plate emarginated (Fig. 9a). Median foramen not elongated. Endophallus with one band of supporting armature, 4 basal plate-like sclerites, and 3 rod-like sclerites. Ejaculatory duct single. Female terminalia: Setae of sternite VIII dense and long. Spermathecal capsule and gland positioned on apex of spermathecal duct. Spermathecal capsule strongly sclerotized, composed of an apical orb and a long stalk, spiculum ventrale longer than abdomen.</p>
            <p> Etymology. The generic name is a combination of a Greek word tsounkrána (τσουγκράνα) and the genus name  Glenea . The Greek word “tsounkrána” refers to the shape of sternite VII in male, which looks like a rake. Gender feminine. </p>
            <p>Distribution. Malaysia.</p>
            <p> Remarks. It is very similar to  Glenea (Breuning, 1956; Breuning, 1958) by the elytral lateral carinae and truncated elytral apex, and the following characters are quite common in  Glenea members: endophallus with 4 basal plate-like sclerites (Lin et al., 2009; Lin, Tavakilian et al., 2009a,b; Lin &amp; Lin, 2011; Lin &amp; Yang, 2011a, b; Lin et al., 2018), and 3 rod-like sclerites (Lin et al., 2009; Lin, Tavakilian et al., 2009a,b; Lin &amp; Lin, 2011; Lin &amp; Yang, 2011a, b; Lin &amp; Dai, 2012; Lin, 2013); spermathecal capsule strongly sclerotized, composed of an apical orb and a long stalk (Lin et al., 2009; Lin, Tavakilian et al., 2009b; Lin &amp; Yang, 2011a, b; Lin &amp; Dai, 2012). We separate it from  Glenea based on the following reasons.: 1)  Glenea is heterogeneous (Lin, Montreuil et al., 2009;), even though outer characters are very similar (Lin &amp; Tavakilian, 2012), this peculiar species does not match with any type species of the subgenera; 2) Though most of characters can be found in the previous  Glenea members, and the peculiar male sternite might not be suitable for generic level, but with only one band of supporting armature and the emarginated apex of the ventral plate of the median lobe, this convinced the authors to make a new genus. Most members of  Saperdini have zero or two bands of supporting armature, rounded to the pointed apex of the ventral plate of the median lobe (Lin et al., 2009; Lin, Tavakilian et al., 2009a, b; Lin &amp; Yang, 2011a, b; Lin &amp; Dai, 2012; Lin, 2013; Lin et al., 2018). 3) Although the sexual dimorphism (on pubescence markings) referred to the subgenus  Glenea (Acutoglenea) Breuning, 1958 , and the dark integument referred especially to G. (A.) versuta basaloides Breuning 1958, G. (A.) versuta maura Pascoe, 1867, it can not be included in the subgenus  Acutoglenea because of the non-simple male claws and very different male terminalia (based on the first author’s unpublished data). Besides, the type species  Glenea (Acutoglenea) acuta (Fabricius, 1801) has a stouter female, with elytral length less than twice basal width, fourth antennomere much shorter than scape, which are very different from the new taxon herein described. 4) We have checked the subgenus  Glenea (Lineatoglenea) Breuning, 1950 , which is represented by a unique type species  Glenea (Lineatoglenea) lineatopunctata Breuning, 1950 from Malaysian Borneo. There are no images available, and we did not have an opportunity to examine the type specimen which should be deposited in University of Malaysia, Sarawak (Breuning, 1950a). Based on the original description, it shares with the new taxon by antennae longer than body, similar antennomere ratio, pronotum and elytra, however it differs from the new taxon by the fifth male abdominal segment provided at the end with a short median longitudinal ridge. 5) We have checked the subgenus  Glenea (Spiniglenea) Breuning, 1958 , which is represented by a unique type species  Glenea (Spiniglenea) spinosipennis Breuning, 1958 from Malaysian Borneo. It also has no images available, and we did not have an opportunity to examine the type specimen which should be deposited in University of Malaysia, Sarawak (Breuning, 1958b). Based on the original description, it is difficult to separated it from the new taxon on genus level, since it was based only on a female. However, it is surely not the same species. 6) We compared the new taxon with  Glenea (Metaglenea) Breuning, 1956 , which is represented by a species from Sumatra, and  Glenea (Porphyrioglenea) Breuning, 1956 , which is represented by a species from West Malaysia and Sabah, East Malaysia. They can be easily distinguished from the new taxon by the very close antennal tubercles, shorter and stouter antennae.  Glenea (Pseudotanylecta) Breuning, 1956 ,  Glenea (Subgrossoglenea) Breuning, 1956 ,  Glenea (Tanylecta) Pascoe, 1866 also from Malaysia and Indonesia, can be separated by the close and protruding antennal tubercles. 7)  Glenea (Poeciloglenea) Aurivillius, 1920 ,  Glenea (Punctoglenea) Breuning, 1956 ,  Glenea (Reginoglenea) Breuning, 1956 ,  Glenea (Rubroglenea) Breuning, 1956 ,  Glenea (Rufoglenea) Breuning, 1956 ,  Glenea (Stiroglenea) Aurivillius, 1920 ,  Glenea (Vanikoroglenea) Breuning, 1956 ,  Glenea (Vittiglenea) Breuning, 1956 ,  Glenea (Volumnia) Thomson, 1860 and all other subgenera have been studied by the first author, and none of them are suitable for the new taxon. 8) The new taxon differs from  Glenea (Lobunguiglenea) Lin &amp; Tavakilian, 2014 by the male claws with only anterior claw of mesotarsus appendiculate with small lobe in inner side, instead of all claws appenciculated in outer sides, and genitalia with median lobe strongly curved, apex of ventral plate emarginated, instead of genitalia with median lobe slightly curved, apex of ventral plate pointed. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8356F61EFF905C0D41BDFF64FCD94630	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lin, Mei-Ying;Ge, Si-Qin	Lin, Mei-Ying, Ge, Si-Qin (2021): Tsounkranaglenea hefferni gen. et sp. nov. from Sabah, Malaysia (Coleoptera Cerambycidae, Lamiinae: Saperdini). Zootaxa 5048 (2): 289-297, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5048.2.9
8356F61EFF935C0841BDFA1DFE424158.text	8356F61EFF935C0841BDFA1DFE424158.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tsounkranaglenea hefferni Lin & Ge 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Tsounkranaglenea hefferni sp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs. 1-14)</p>
            <p> Type material.   Holotype, male (Fig. 1), Malaysia, Sabah,  Crocker Range , 2003-II-16, leg. local coll. (IZCAS)  .   Paratypes: 1 male, Malaysia, Sabah,  Mt. Trus Madi , 1500-2000m, 1998-III-11, leg. Affenddy (DHCO)  ;   1 female, Malaysia, Sabah,  Mt. Trus Madi , 1500-2000m, 1998-III /V, leg. local coll. (IZCAS)  ;   1 female, Malaysia, Sabah,  Crocker Range , 2010-III-18, local coll. (DHCO)  ;  1 female, same data but 1998-III-19 (DHCO) . </p>
            <p> Other material (examined only by photographs).  1 male with length 11.5 mm, no. S11.9-151. Nobuo Ohbayashi showed the first author a specimen from Malaysia with dorsal view and lateral view pictures in 2011, which was surely this species. It may be from Trus Madi, however, the owner Mr. Minoru Sawai could not be contacted during this research . </p>
            <p>Description (based on two males and three females): Male: length: 11.0– 11.5 mm, humeral width: 3.0– 3.2 mm. Female: length: 11.0–14.0 mm, humeral width: 3.4–4.2 mm. Body black. Head black, with frons covered with dense grayish white to yellow pubescence (Figs. 2e, 11d), which extends as two short vittae to occiput; antennae black. Prothorax covered with dense brownish pubescence in dorsal view except a whitish pubescent spot at base for both sexes and a whitish spot in middle of apical part for female only (Figs. 11a, 12); with a longitudinal grayish white to yellow pubescence in lateral view (Figs. 1b, 11b). Scutellum black, covered by brownish (basal part) and whitish (apical part) pubescence. Elytra black, covered by rather dense brownish pubescence, at basal fourth and along suture with some silver erect setae, basal setae much longer than others (Fig. 12), and with grayish white to yellow pubescence markings on each elytron as following: (for both sexes) a transverse vitta at base; a apical vitta; (for only female) a long line along second row of punctures (counting from lateral carina) from nearly base to apical tenth, normally with a subapical interruption; a lateral line along the puncture row near lateral carina from nearly base to middle (Fig. 11b); a short longitudinal vitta along suture just behind scutellum (Fig. 11a, sometimes missing, Fig. 12). Ventral surface black with grayish white pubescence except a long stouter line with interruptions caused by lacking pubescence (Figs. 1b, 11b). Legs reddish brown to dark brown, covered with grayish pubescence. Frons longer than broad, width less than (male) or subequal to (female) two eyes’s combined width. Antennomere ratio: male, 25:5:36:28:27:26:25:24:22:20:21; female, 25:5:36:26:25:24:23:21:19:18:19. Prothorax longer than (male) to as long as (female) broad. Elytron truncated apically, with a short tooth at inner angle and a sharp and long tooth at outer angle. Hind femur reaching base of (female) or the bent part of (male) fifth abdominal segment, first hind tarsal segment longer than the following two segments combined. The sternite VII in male (Figs. 2b, 2c, 3b–d) strongly bent at base, the apical half reduced and transformed into two slender knife-shaped teeth (Figs. 3b–d), with long brown brush hairs on the outer side.</p>
            <p>Male terminalia (Figs. 6–10): Tegmen about 3.0 mm in length; lateral lobes slender (Figs. 8a, 8c), each about 1.2 mm long and 0.3 mm wide, provided with a thin setae, strongly protruding lobe at ventral base (Fig. 8b), apical half with medium long setae; ringed part elbowed in widest portion, converging; basal piece bifurcated apically (Figs. 8c); median lobe plus median struts strongly curved (Figs. 9b, 9d), shorter than tegmen; median struts more than one third and less than half of whole median lobe in length; dorsal plate slightly shorter than ventral plate; apex of ventral plate strongly emarginated, forming two lateral apical lobes (Figs. 9a, 9b); median foramen slightly elongated; internal sac about triple length of median lobe, with two pairs of basal plate-like sclerites (located behind apex of median struts), one band of distinct supporting armature, some barely separated plate-like sclerites between them, and three rod-like sclerites at the end (Figs. 10a–10c), rod-like sclerites about 1.0 mm, much shorter than median lobe or tegmen. Tergite VIII (Figs. 6a–6c) longer than broad, strongly narrowed before apex (Fig. 6b), apex emarginated with two short ear-shaped lateral lobes, with dense and long brown setae along the narrowed part (Figs. 6a, 6b). Sternite VIII with spiculum relictum as Fig. 7b, sternite IX (spiculum gastrale) as Fig. 7a. Female genitalia (Figs. 13–14): spermathecal capsule composed of an apical orb and a long and strongly curved stalk, the stalk more than triple the length of the apical orb, curved twice at basal part (Fig. 14). Spiculum ventrale longer than abdomen. In our observation, spiculum ventrale measured 7.7 mm for an adult compared with abdomen which measured 5.7 mm in ventral view.</p>
            <p>Etymology. The species is named after Mr. Daniel Heffern (Texas, USA), who offered the interesting material for this study and provided the first author some wonderful saperdine specimens from Malaysia for research.</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. This species resembles  Glenea subaurata Breuning, 1950 at first glance by the similar shape and colour. The specific differences are easily defined by the male sternite VII. Without specimens for dissection, we can not conclude whether  Glenea subaurata Breuning, 1950 should be moved to the new genus  Tsounkranaglenea or not. </p>
            <p> Remarks.  Glenea subaurata Breuning, 1950 (Figs. 15–18) was described based on “Type un male de Sumatra: Si-Rambé, XII-1890 - III-1891, leg. E. Modigliani”, with “Longuer 10 mm, Largeur 2mm. 1/3”. The holotype male (Figs. 15–16) is deposited in MSNG and had been examined by the first author in June, 2008. Another male specimen (Figs. 17–18) is deposited in NHMB, with a label written “ PARATYPE ”. Though it has a Breuning’s handwriting label “glenea / subaurata / mihi. P. T. / Breuning det.”, it is not a paratype because the locality “Madam / Sumatra ” and the individual specimen were not mentioned in the original paper (Breuning, 1950b). Here we confirmed that the identification is correct and it is a useful additional material for the specific definition of  Glenea subaurata Breuning, 1950 . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8356F61EFF935C0841BDFA1DFE424158	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lin, Mei-Ying;Ge, Si-Qin	Lin, Mei-Ying, Ge, Si-Qin (2021): Tsounkranaglenea hefferni gen. et sp. nov. from Sabah, Malaysia (Coleoptera Cerambycidae, Lamiinae: Saperdini). Zootaxa 5048 (2): 289-297, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5048.2.9
