taxonID	type	description	language	source
453B585F246759CF8D51DE937BE09F7B.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming distant, rather solitary, erect stems. Rhizomes 6 - 10 x 0.2 - 0.3 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 12 - 20 cm tall, usually simple, sometimes branched at the upper part, covered with adpressed, arachnoid trichomes, with leaves restricted to the upper part. Leaves imbricate, extending into a sheath-like base that bears arachnoid trichomes; leaf laminas 4.6 - 5 x ca. 0.9 mm, linear-acicular, aristate at the apex (arista up to 1 mm long, purplish), entire, terete in cross section, glabrous, unconspicuously nerved on both faces, somewhat fleshy, drying coriaceous, matte, papillose. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile, partially enclosed among the leaves. Involucres ca. 8.6 x 7.3 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts ca. 13, 5.2 - 5.5 x 1.1 - 1.6 mm, rather acute at the apex, dark-purplish. Ray florets ca. 13; corollas ca. 12 x 2.3 - 2.5 mm, 4 to 5 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white, purplish beneath. Disc florets ca. 50; corollas 3.8 - 4.2 mm long, pale yellow to creamy; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, yellowish. Achenes cylindrical, with scattered arachnoid trichomes (immature); pappus 3.1 - 3.3 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown. Fig. 5.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
453B585F246759CF8D51DE937BE09F7B.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic to Ecuador (Azuay, Zamora-Chinchipe [expected]). It grows in marshy places of the paramo ecoregion, between elevations of 3050 - 3070 m (Fig. 6). Thus far, X. acerosum is only known from the type locality in the paramo of Yacumbi, which is located above Saraguro on the border between the Ecuadorian provinces of Azuay and Zamora-Chinchipe.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
453B585F246759CF8D51DE937BE09F7B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The adjective acerosus - a - um means needle-shaped, and it refers to the leaf shape of this species.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
109407CF7FAE5C4BBE015B7EC3095385.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of erect stems. Rhizomes 10 - 12 x ca. 0.5 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 4 - 7 cm tall, rather branched, glabrous, usually with leaves restricted to the upper part. Leaves subimbricate, extending into a sheath-like base that bears evanescent arachnoid trichomes; leaf laminas 4.3 - 10 x 1.3 - 1.4 mm, linear, barely broadened at the apex, 3 - notched at the apex, entire, usually with some minute cilia near the base, flat to obtusely triangular in cross section, with evanescent arachnoid trichomes above, 1 - nerved above (barely visible), 1 - nerved beneath, somewhat fleshy, matte; leaf lobes 0.8 - 1.4 x 0.6 - 1 mm, obtuse. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres 8.8 - 9.8 x 5.5 - 7 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 10 to 13, 4.9 - 5.4 x 1.2 - 1.8 mm, acute at the apex, greenish. Ray florets ca. 11; corollas 9 - 10.2 x ca. 1.2 mm, 4 - veined, subentire to 2 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets ca. 22; corollas 5.4 - 6 mm long, yellowish; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes or slightly penicillate, yellowish. Achenes cylindrical, glabrous (immature); pappus ca. 5.6 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
109407CF7FAE5C4BBE015B7EC3095385.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic to Peru (Junin, Lima). It grows in rocky outcrops of the puna ecoregion, at elevations of ca. 4600 m (Fig. 24).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
109407CF7FAE5C4BBE015B7EC3095385.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet amblydactylum means having blunt fingers (" ambly- ": blunt, obtuse; " dactyl- ": finger). It refers to the leaf apex lobes of this species.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
109407CF7FAE5C4BBE015B7EC3095385.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Peru. Lima: Yauyos, Laraos, Carhuanisho, 12 ° 25 ' S, 75 ° 36 ' W, 12 May 2001, H. Beltran 4174 (USM); [without locality, bought as medicinal in the farmers market in ave. Aviacion, La Victoria, Lima, 29 Oct 1994], G. Yarupaitan 1499 b (USM).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
356400F8BD185C3396A1CA68B13E94C4.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of erect or decumbent stems. Rhizomes 5 - 8 x 0.3 - 0.5 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 4 - 7 cm tall, simple or branched, glabrous, with leaves usually clustered in the upper part. Leaves imbricate, erect (not adpressed to the stem), extending into a glabrous sheath-like base; leaf laminas 4.9 - 8.6 x 0.6 - 1.2 mm, linear, rather acute at the apex, denticulate, elliptical to slightly curved forwards in cross section, glabrous, 1 - nerved above (barely visible), 1 - nerved beneath (sometimes purple-colored), rather fleshy, matte. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres 8.9 - 12.4 x 4 - 7.3 mm, narrowly cupuliform; involucral bracts ca. 8, 4.1 - 7.7 x 1.4 - 2.5 mm, acute at the apex, greenish to dark-purplish. Ray florets 8 to 11; corollas 6.2 - 7.3 x 0.8 - 1.2 mm, 3 - veined, subentire to 2 - toothed at the apex, not surpassing the involucre, yellow. Disc florets 11 to 28; corollas 5 - 7.3 mm long, yellow; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, yellowish. Achenes 2 - 3.3 x 1 - 1.2 mm, cylindrical, 7 to 8 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 6.2 - 7.4 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
356400F8BD185C3396A1CA68B13E94C4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Central Peru to central Bolivia. Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro, Potosi), Peru (Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cusco, Huancavelica, Junin, Lima, Moquegua, Pasco [expected], Puno). This species grows in rocky outcrops, scree slopes, cryoturbated soils, and exposed grasslands of the subhumid and humid puna ecoregions, between elevations of 3900 - 5350 m (Fig. 15).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
356400F8BD185C3396A1CA68B13E94C4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The adjective ciliolatus - a - um is the diminutive of ciliatus - a - um, which describes the denticulate leaf margin of this species.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
356400F8BD185C3396A1CA68B13E94C4.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Bolivia. Cochabamba: cordillera del Tunari, laderas de la cumbre del Tunari, 17 ° 17 ' S, 66 ° 23 ' W, 25 Mar 1990, G. Navarro 596 (BOLV); cordillera del Tunari, laderas altas de la cumbre del Tunari, 17 ° 17 ' S, 66 ° 23 ' W, 25 Mar 1990, G. Navarro 628 (BOLV); cordillera del Tunari, cumbres del pico Tunari, 17 ° 17 ' S, 66 ° 23 ' W, 18 Feb 1990, G. Navarro 637 (BOLV); Quillacollo, cordillera alta del Tunari, cima de la Falso Tunari, 17 ° 28 ' S, 66 ° 38 ' W, 22 Aug 2010, M. Zarate 3770 (BOLV); La Paz: Los Andes, subiendo cerca de Penas, por las lagunas de Hichucota, hacia la cumbre al lado del glacial Ankokota, 16 ° 3 ' S, 68 ° 18 ' W, 22 May 1999, S. G. Beck 24639 (LPB); Los Andes, above cumbre (pass) on rd. through Hichu-Kkota valley on rd. to mina La Fabulosa, 21 km from base of lag. Khara Kkota, 16 ° 10 ' S, 68 ° 20 ' W, 29 Apr 1995, V. A. Funk 11403 (LPB, US); Franz Tamayo, Ulla Ulla, cordillera Apolobamba cerca al pueblo de Pelechuco 17 km NE, 14 ° 55 ' S, 69 ° 10 ' W, 22 Aug 1986, P. Holt 14 A (LPB); Franz Tamayo, Ulla-Ulla, nev. Manuel Llipani, 20 Jul 1982, X. Menhofer 10 (LPB); Franz Tamayo, paso de Pelechuco, 14 ° 47 ' S, 69 ° 10 ' W, 22 Jul 1982, X. Menhofer 23 (LPB); Omasuyos, Hichu Cota, subiendo a la cumbre, 16 ° 7 ' S, 68 ° 21 ' W, 28 Apr 1985, M. Moraes 153 (LPB); Loayza, Pata Mina-Viloco, 17 Aug 1982, O. Murgia 390 (LPB); Los Andes, valle de Hichu Kkota, 17 Nov 1983, C. Ostria 54 (LPB); Loayza, bajando de Viloco hacia Choquetanga, 16 ° 52 ' S, 67 ° 26 ' W, 15 Aug 1994, N. Salinas et al. 3294 (LPB); Franz Tamayo, Pelechuco, al N en linea recta a 3.8 km del campamento Chocollo, 14 ° 43 ' S, 69 ° 13 ' W, 25 Nov 2017, F. Zenteno, D. Villalba & L. Mamani 21275 (LPB); Oruro: Eduardo Abaroa, Challapata, desde Challapata subiendo hasta el final del camino hacia Azanaque, luego subiendo hasta las cumbres del Azanaque, 18 ° 57 ' S, 66 ° 42 ' W, 29 May 2016, I. Jimenez 8406 (LPB); Potosi: Colquechaca, 18 ° 22 ' S, 65 ° 32 ' W, 1 Feb 2010, F. S. Zenteno 16389 (USM); Azanaque, 18 ° 34 ' S, 66 ° 25 ' W, 3 May 2016, F. S. Zenteno 17034 (USM). Peru. Arequipa: pr. Chivay, nevado Huarancante, 15 ° 44 ' S, 71 ° 34 ' W, 3 Apr 2005, C. Aedo & A. Galan 11103 (MA); Castilla, Orcopampa, minas de Poracota, quebrada Sora, 15 ° 13 ' S, 72 ° 30 ' W, 20 Apr 2011, H. Beltran 7100 (USM); Castilla, Orcopampa, minas de Poracota, cerca a quebrada Faculla, 15 ° 14 ' S, 72 ° 33 ' W, 20 Apr 2011, H. Beltran 7111 (USM [mixed with X. digitatum]); La Union, Huaynacotas, Sarajorepampa, 15 ° 1 ' S, 72 ° 47 ' W, 18 Mar 2011, D. Montesinos 2950 (HSP, MOL, USM); Castilla, Tapay, cerro Blanco, Apacheta, 14 Sep 2011, N. Vega 1744 (USM); Ayacucho: Paucar del Sara Sara, Oyolo, a 15 km al NO de Pampamarca, camino a Sayla, 15 ° 5 ' S, 73 ° 2 ' W, 14 Sep 2013, C. Tejada 226 (HSP); Cusco: Espinar, hacienda K'achachi (Uchupata), 15 ° 0 ' S, 71 ° 22 ' W, 22 Jun 1956, C. Vargas 11223 (US); Canas, alturas de Layo, 14 ° 29 ' S, 71 ° 9 ' W, 12 Aug 1957, C. Vargas 11871 (US); Canas, Langui, alturas, 14 ° 25 ' S, 71 ° 16 ' W, 14 Sep 1961, C. Vargas 13620 (LPB, US); Huancavelica: Huamanga, Licapa, 13 ° 18 ' S, 74 ° 45 ' W, 29 Oct 2009, A. Cano et al. 19436 (USM); Huaytara, Pilpichaca (abra Apacheta), 13 ° 18 ' S, 74 ° 46 ' W, 4 Jul 2010, A. Cano, W. Mendoza & A. Delgado 19658 (USM); Huaytara, Pilpichaca (abra Apacheta), 13 ° 21 ' S, 74 ° 45 ' W, 4 Jul 2010, A. Cano, W. Mendoza & A. Delgado 19721 (USM); Huaytara, Pillpichaca (Llillinta-Ingahuasi), 13 ° 18 ' S, 74 ° 45 ' W, 26 Jun 2010, A. Cano et al. 19849 (USM); Huachocolpa, alrededores de la unidad minera Caudalosa, 13 ° 4 ' S, 75 ° 0 ' W, 23 Mar 2015, P. Gonzales 3545 (USM); Huaytara, 7 km lineales al NE del abra Apacheta, en el limite entre Huancavelica y Ayacucho, distr. Pilpichaca, 13 ° 18 ' S, 74 ° 46 ' W, 11 Apr 2005, J. Roque 4799 (USM); Huaytamayoc-Tansiri, 12 ° 42 ' S, 75 ° 10 ' W, May 1956, O. Tovar 2560 (USM); Junin: Anticona, abajo entre Casapalca y Oroya, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 26 Jun 1954, O. Tovar & L. Constance 9194 (USM- 29378 [mixed with X. decorum and X. digitatum]); Yauli, Ticlio, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 28 Jun 1999, G. Yarupaitan 1688 (US); Lima: Yauyos, Laraos, camino Jalcacha a Palca, 12 ° 20 ' S, 75 ° 43 ' W, 25 May 1995, H. Beltran 1702 (USM); Huaral, Pacaros, abra de Antajirca, limite entre Lima y Pasco, 11 ° 2 ' S, 76 ° 32 ' W, 20 Jun 2015, H. Beltran & W. Aparco 7842 (USM); Yauyos, Laraos, Carhuanisho, 12 ° 22 ' S, 75 ° 38 ' W, 4 Jun 2017, H. Beltran 8086 (USM); Huarochiri, arriba de la laguna de Chumpicocha, 11 ° 57 ' S, 76 ° 9 ' W, 27 May 1953, E. Cerrate 2006 (USM); Huarochiri, San Damian, Chanape, Soyracocha, 11 ° 54 ' S, 76 ° 1 ' W, 10 Jul 2013, P. Gonzales & B. Brito 2658 (USM); Huarochiri, San Damian, abra entre Chanape y la comunidad Checca, 11 ° 55 ' S, 76 ° 15 ' W, 14 Jul 2013, P. Gonzales & B. Brito 2665 (USM); Moquegua: General Sanchez Cerro, Yunga, Perusa, 16 ° 11 ' S, 70 ° 37 ' W, 3 Mar 2018, D. Montesinos & J. Calvo 5956 (HSP); Mariscal Nieto, Calacoa, faldas Ticsani, SE, 16 ° 44 ' S, 70 ° 35 ' W, 4 Mar 2018, D. Montesinos & J. Calvo 6006 (HSP); Puno: Ananea ad pagum Rinconada et circa lacum alpestrim Comuni, 14 ° 37 ' S, 69 ° 26 ' W, 21 Oct 1976, L. Bernardi, A. Charpin & F. Jacquemoud 16772 (US); unpaved track across pampa to the N and W of the road between abra Pampilla and Ananea, 14 ° 40 ' S, 69 ° 41 ' W, 16 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13180 (USM); Carabaya, Corani, Minaspata, 14 ° 1 ' S, 70 ° 41 ' W, 15 Oct 2017, P. Gonzales 3837 (USM); San Antonio de Esquilache, 16 ° 6 ' S, 70 ° 17 ' W, 13 May 1937, D. Stafford 730 (BM, K); Creston, San Antonio [de Esquilache], 1 Jul 1937, T. G. Tutin 1203 (BM).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
29632815299B5A52BDDC5EBDBCAFC7E7.taxon	description	Description. Stems 2.5 - 4 cm tall (aerial part), lanate. Leaves stellate-imbricate, extending into a sheath-like base that bears long silky trichomes, usually with the leaf lamina spreading at nearly 90 ° from the sheath-like base; leaf laminas 14.7 - 27.6 x 1.2 - 2.2 mm, linear, obtuse, usually callous-like tipped at the apex, entire, flat to elliptical in cross section, glabrous, 1 - nerved above, 1 - nerved beneath, fleshy, rather matte. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile to subsessile. Involucres 12.6 - 19.7 x 11 - 15.8 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 16 to 21, 8.6 - 14.9 x 1.5 - 2.2 mm, acute at the apex, greenish to dark-purplish. Ray florets 16 to 21; corollas 14.5 - 19.7 x 2.9 - 3.4 mm, 4 to 6 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets ca. 95; corollas 6.5 - 8.1 mm long, yellow. Achenes 2.6 - 4 x 0.8 - 1 mm, cylindrical, 6 to 8 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 14 - 19 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown. Fig. 13.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
29632815299B5A52BDDC5EBDBCAFC7E7.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Central Colombia to central Ecuador. Colombia (Caldas, Cauca, Narino, Risaralda, Tolima, Quindio, Valle del Cauca), Ecuador (Carchi, Chimborazo, Cotopaxi [expected], Morona-Santiago [expected], Napo, Pichincha, Tungurahua). It grows in marshes and moist grasslands of the paramo ecoregion, between elevations of 3125 - 4500 m (Fig. 12).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
29632815299B5A52BDDC5EBDBCAFC7E7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The adjective crassus - a - um means thick and it refers to the robust rhizome that this species displays.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
29632815299B5A52BDDC5EBDBCAFC7E7.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Colombia. Caldas: paramo del Ruiz, middle slopes, 30 Aug 1957, H. G. Barclay 5285 (COL); Cordillera Central, paramo de Las Letras, SW of Letras, 5 ° 2 ' N, 75 ° 19 ' W, 4 Dec 1958, H. G. Barclay & P. Juajibioy 6245 (COL, US); Manizales, N. P. Los Nevados, Casa del Cisne, 4 ° 51 ' N, 75 ° 21 ' W, 19 Sep 1999, D. Stancik 3381 (COL); Villa Maria, P. N. N. Nevados, cerca al refugio El Cisne, 4 ° 50 ' N, 75 ° 22 ' W, 28 Nov 2010, W. G. Vargas 22382 (COL, ICESI); Cauca: P. N. Purace, 2 ° 20 ' N, 76 ° 24 ' W, 31 Aug 1972, H. Sanchez 351 (CUVC); Narino: Cumbal, volcan de Chiles, en la antena via El Laurel, Maldonado-Carchi, 0 ° 49 ' N, 77 ° 55 ' W, Jul 2012, F. Avila 2232 (UDBC); Cumbal, volcan de Chiles, en la antena via El Laurel, Maldonado-Carchi, 0 ° 49 ' N, 77 ° 55 ' W, Jul 2012, F. Avila 2236 (UDBC); Quindio: paramo Quindio, Oct 2004, W. G. Vargas 15711 (COL, ICESI); Risaralda: Santuario-San Jose del Palmar, serrania de Tatama, P. N. N. Tatama, sectores Mirlas, Piedra Bomba, Frailejonal, Lagunas y Ventanas, acceso desde Santuario, 5 ° 6 ' N, 76 ° 3 ' W, 16 Jul 2009, J. Betancur, F. Gomez & J. N. Gomez 14253 (COL); Pereira, alrededores de la laguna de Otun, 4 ° 46 ' N, 75 ° 25 ' W, 3 Feb 1980, S. Diaz-Piedrahita, H. Valencia & R. Jaramillo 19700 (COL); Santuario, vereda Las Colonias, 400 m arriba la cascada, 5 ° 7 ' N, 76 ° 2 ' W, 3 Feb 1983, J. H. Torres et al. 1633 (COL); Santuario, macizo de Tamana, cerca al campamento " El Reposo ", 5 ° 9 ' N, 76 ° 4 ' W, 7 Feb 1983, J. H. Torres et al. 1663 (COL); Macizo de Tamana, valle de San Francisco, cerca al campamento, 14 Feb 1983, J. H. Torres et al. 1944 (COL); Pereira, P. N. N. Nevados, laguna del Otun, 4 ° 46 ' N, 75 ° 25 ' W, 20 Nov 2008, W. G. Vargas 19700 (ICESI); Pereira, laguna del Otun, 4 ° 46 ' N, 75 ° 25 ' W, 28 Oct 2009, W. G. Vargas 21036 (COL, ICESI); Tolima: Cordillera Central, Nevado del Ruiz, paramos entre Termales y Nevado y Libano, above turn-off of road to Libano, 4 ° 56 ' N, 75 ° 20 ' W, 18 Dec 1958, H. G. Barclay & P. Juajibioy 6409 (COL); Santa Isabel, camino del paso de la quebrada del Africa, 4 ° 45 ' N, 75 ° 22 ' W, 7 Feb 1980, S. Diaz-Piedrahita & R. Jaramillo 1918 (COL); road on N side of Nevado del Ruiz, near fork in road that leads to El Rosario, approx. 8 km E of intersection with road to Manizales, 4 ° 55 ' N, 75 ° 17 ' W, 23 Jan 1986, V. A. Funk 8044 (COL); road on N side of Nevado del Ruiz, near fork in road that leads to El Rosario, approx. 8 km E of intersection with road to Manizales, 4 ° 55 ' N, 75 ° 17 ' W, 23 Jan 1986, V. A. Funk 8046 (COL); Cajamarca, corregimiento Anaime, La Castellana, 5 Jun 1994, B. Restrepo 430 (COL); Cajamarca, paramo de Anaime, reserva Semillas de Agua, 4 ° 15 ' N, 75 ° 33 ' W, 6 Jun 2000, W. G. Vargas 8108 (ICESI); Valle del Cauca: Riofrio, Venecia, paramo El Duende, 4 ° 4 ' N, 76 ° 30 ' W, 3 Jun 2010, J. C. Benavides 4859 (COL); Los Farallones, cuenca del rio Timba, vert. oriental, quebrada Valle Escondido, 3 ° 18 ' N, 76 ° 44 ' W, 23 Aug 1991, E. Calderon 88 A (COL); cabeceras de los rios Tulua y Bugalagrande, paramo de Las Vegas, 4 ° 4 ' N, 75 ° 47 ' W, 22 Mar 1946, J. Cuatrecasas 20322 (CONC); Pradera, I. P. Bolo Azul, finca La Cabana, 3 ° 26 ' N, 76 ° 3 ' W, 28 Nov 1989, S. Sarria 591 (COL, CUVC); Palmira, La Nevera, 3 ° 31 ' N, 76 ° 4 ' W, 23 Mar 2008, W. G. Vargas 18840 (ICESI); Tulua, corregimiento de Barragan, 4 ° 0 ' N, 75 ° 48 ' W, 21 Nov 1997, W. G. Vargas 4201 (COL). Ecuador. Carchi: road between Tulcan and Maldonado, S of volcan Chiles, 0 ° 47 ' N, 77 ° 58 ' W, 12 Mar 1985, B. Eriksen 59010 (QCA, QCNE); paramo El Angel, between towns of El Angel and Tulcan near the pass, 4 Mar 1992, V. A. Funk & M. Gavilanes 11069 (QCA, QCNE); paramo El Angel, between towns of El Angel and Tulcan near the pass, 4 Mar 1992, V. A. Funk & M. Gavilanes 11070 (QCA, QCNE, US); volcan Chiles, rd. from Tulcan to Maldonado, 36 km W of the bridge at the W edge of Tulcan, 5 Mar 1992, V. A. Funk & M. Gavilanes 11073 (QCA, QCNE); volcan Chiles, rd. from Tulcan to Maldonado, 38 km W of the bridge at the W edge of Tulcan, 5 Mar 1992, V. A. Funk & M. Gavilanes 11077 (QCA, QCNE); Espejo, reserva ecologica El Angel, sitio de lagunas El Voladero, 0 ° 42 ' N, 77 ° 53 ' W, 31 Oct 1993, W. Palacios 11680 (QCNE); S slopes of volcan Chiles, 0 ° 49 ' N, 77 ° 57 ' W, 21 Oct 1987, P. M. Ramsay & P. J. Merrow-Smith 869 (QCA, QCNE); paramo del Angel, lado ecuatoriano del volcan Chiles, 0 ° 48 ' N, 77 ° 56 ' W, May 1989, O. Rangel et al. 4406 (COL, US); SW side of volcan Chiles, 0 ° 48 ' N, 77 ° 57 ' W, 20 Jun 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 37 - 8 (QCA); SW side of volcan Chiles, 0 ° 48 ' N, 77 ° 57 ' W, 22 Jun 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 48 - 1 (QCA); volcan Chiles, SW side of the volcano, 0 ° 48 ' N, 77 ° 57 ' W, 23 Jun 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 713 (QCNE); Espejo, reserva ecologica El Angel, asociacion 23 de Julio, 0 ° 43 ' N, 77 ° 55 ' W, 3 Aug 2003, D. Suarez, M. Chinchero & M. Cabascango 1355 (QCNE); Chimborazo: Altar, hacienda Releche, sector Pashuazo, 1 ° 40 ' S, 78 ° 27 ' W, 23 Jul 2009, D. Carate, F. Naranjo & S. Chiriboga 1054 (QCA); Atillo, frente al campamento de ingenieros del ejercito, 2 ° 10 ' S, 78 ° 30 ' W, 12 Apr 2009, D. Carate, J. Salvador & S. Rojas 151 (QCA); Napo: road Quito-Baeza, near the pass at Papallacta, 0 ° 20 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 30 Oct 1983, B. Eriksen & B. B. Larsen 45435 (QCA, QCNE); paramo de Papallacta, sector El Paso, 0 ° 19 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 28 Oct 1984, A. Freire 27 (QCA); Pisayambo, laguna Cochas Negras, 1 ° 6 ' S, 78 ° 19 ' W, 14 Jan 1999, B. Merino & A. Sanchez s. n. (LOJA [mixed with X. humile]); Llanganati, paramo SE of choza Aucacocha, between Aucacocha and Pan de Azucar, 1 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 18 ' W, 15 May 1982, B. Ollgaard et al. 38514 (QCA); reserva ecologica Oyacachi, 0 ° 15 ' S, 78 ° 5 ' W, 29 Sep 2007, K. Romoleroux et al. 4642 (QCA); La Virgen de Papallacta, a 50 m desde la via al Tena, hacia el interior del paramo, 0 ° 21 ' S, 78 ° 11 ' W, 31 Mar 2010, C. V. Sandoya-Sanchez, E. Gortaire & J. Irazabal 335 (QCA); NE side of volcan Antisana, 0 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 8 ' W, 18 Aug 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3559 (QCA); Tena, P. N. Llanganates, via Salcedo-Tena, de laguna Chaloa Cocha desvio a Rayo Filo, 0 ° 57 ' S, 78 ° 23 ' W, 20 Sep 1998, H. Vargas, E. Narvaez & S. Orellana 2630 (QCNE); Pichincha: Cordillera Oriental, cerro de Corrales, paramo de Guamani, on north side of boqueron, highest point of road to Papallacta, 0 ° 19 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 16 Aug 1959, H. G. Barclay & P. Juajibioy 8855 (COL); Quito, embalse Salve Faccha, 0 ° 20 ' S, 78 ° 15 ' W, 31 Aug 2001, D. Fernandez, G. Perez & L. Calvopina 416 (QCNE); paramo de Guamani, carretera Quito-Pifo-Papallacta, 0 ° 23 ' S, 78 ° 9 ' W, 20 Oct 1990, E. Guerron 15 (QCA); paramo de Guamani, close to paso de La Virgen, 0 ° 20 ' S, 78 ° 13 ' W, 8 Feb 1984, S. Laegaard 51328 (QCA); paramo de Guamani, paso de la carretera Quito-Baeza, 0 ° 19 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 25 Aug 1985, B. B. Larsen & B. Dall 191 (QCA); paramo de Guamani, carretera Pifo-Papallacta, km 23, 0 ° 18 ' S, 78 ° 14 ' W, 4 Nov 1990, S. Leon 1012 (LOJA, QCA); paramo de Guamani, laguna de Hoyas, 0 ° 15 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 8 Aug 1987, P. M. Ramsay & P. J. Merrow-Smith 140 (QCA); paramo de Guamani, on the right of the road Quito-Papallacta, 0 ° 20 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 28 Jun 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 2010 (QCA); paramo de Guamani, along the road to the antennas, 0 ° 19 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 19 Jun 1999, P. Sklenar 7314 (QCA); N side of nevado Cayambe, on the right side along the road towards the military antennas, 0 ° 5 ' N, 77 ° 58 ' W, 6 Aug 2004, P. Sklenar 8175 (QCA); Tungurahua: P. N. Llanganates, laguna Cable, 1 ° 8 ' S, 78 ° 18 ' W, 28 Nov 1996, J. L. Clark & J. Fair 3521 (QCNE); Llanganates, entre bordes de Mesa Tablon y entrada de Aucacocha, 1 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 19 ' W, 27 Dec 1983, J. Jaramillo, V. Zak & J. Yepez 6004 (F, QCA); Aucacocha, sector NE de la laguna Aucacocha, 1 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 19 ' W, 29 Dec 1983, J. Jaramillo 6091 (QCA); Aucacocha, sector NE de la laguna de Aucacocha, 1 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 19 ' W, 30 Dec 1983, J. Jaramillo, V. Zak & J. Yepez 6262 (QCA); Santiago de Pillaro, P. N. Llanganates, base of cerro Hermoso on W side, near lake, 1 ° 13 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 13 Nov 1999, D. Neill et al. 12049 (QCNE); Santiago de Pillaro, P. N. Llanganates, SW flank of cerro Hermoso, above lake, 1 ° 13 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 14 Nov 1999, D. Neill et al. 12064 (QCA, QCNE); Patate, P. N. Llanganates, alrededores de la laguna Pan de Azucar, 1 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 14 Oct 1998, H. Vargas, J. C. Ronquillo & N. Granda 2870 (QCNE).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
EDF52A6CC5F657639ECD7D217E59E3DF.taxon	description	Description. Stems 1.5 - 2.5 cm tall (aerial part), lanate. Leaves stellate-imbricate, extending into a sheath-like base that bears long silky trichomes, usually with the leaf lamina spreading at nearly 90 ° from the sheath-like base; leaf laminas 6.5 - 12.7 x 1.2 - 2 mm, linear, obtuse, usually callous-like tipped at the apex, entire, flat to elliptical in cross section, glabrous, 1 - nerved above, 1 - nerved beneath, fleshy, rather shiny (in dried specimens). Capitula radiate, erect, sessile to subsessile (rarely with a short peduncle up to 8 mm long). Involucres 10.2 - 12.2 x 7.8 - 10.6 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 11 to 13, 6 - 8.2 x 1.6 - 2.1 mm, acute to obtuse at the apex, greenish to dark-purplish. Ray florets 13 to 15; corollas 13 - 13.2 x 1.7 - 2.6 mm, 4 to 5 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets ca. 50; corollas 6.6 - 6.9 mm long, yellow. Achenes cylindrical, glabrous (immature); pappus 7.8 - 8 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
EDF52A6CC5F657639ECD7D217E59E3DF.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic to Colombia (Arauca [expected], Boyaca, Norte de Santander, Santander). It grows in marshes and wet exposed areas of the paramo ecoregion, between elevations of 3200 - 4600 m (Fig. 12).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
EDF52A6CC5F657639ECD7D217E59E3DF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The adjective orientalis - is - e means eastern, which refers to the further eastern distribution of this taxon in relation to the typical subspecies. It occurs in the northern part of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia (Eastern Ranges).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
EDF52A6CC5F657639ECD7D217E59E3DF.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Colombia. Boyaca: Cordillera Oriental, Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, Alto Ritacuva, 6 ° 30 ' N, 72 ° 19 ' W, 11 Apr 1959, H. G. Barclay & P. Juajibioy 7352 (COL, US); paramo de Mongui, laguna Colorada, 5 ° 38 ' N, 72 ° 50 ' W, 1 Sep 1998, J. A. Calleja & J. C. Jaramillo 204 (COL); Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, alto valle Lagunillas, 500 m al NNE de la laguna Pintada, 6 ° 22 ' N, 72 ° 19 ' W, 3 Oct 1972, A. M. Cleef & P. A. Florschuetz 5784 (COL, US); Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, quebrada Bocatoma, morrena al W de la lagunita glaciar occidental, 6 ° 23 ' N, 72 ° 16 ' W, 5 Nov 1972, A. M. Cleef & P. A. Florschuetz 5870 (COL); Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, quebrada Bocatoma, laguna rellena, 6 ° 23 ' N, 72 ° 16 ' W, 3 Mar 1973, A. M. Cleef 8736 (COL, US); Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, quebrada Bocatoma, orilla SE de la laguna rellena, 6 ° 23 ' N, 72 ° 16 ' W, 3 Mar 1973, A. M. Cleef 8762 (COL, US); paramo de la Sarna entre Sogamoso y Vado Hondo, 5 ° 35 ' N, 72 ° 51 ' W, 5 Apr 1973, A. M. Cleef 9411 a (COL); Nevado de Cocuy, alto valle de Las Lagunillas, 6 ° 21 ' N, 72 ° 19 ' W, 12 Sep 1938, J. Cuatrecasas 1486 (COL, US); Norte de Santander: Chitaga, corregimiento Presidente, vereda Presidente, alrededores de la quebrada El Salado, en el ascenso a la terraza pantanosa entre las lagunas El Salado y El Tambor, 7 ° 0 ' N, 72 ° 42 ' W, 22 May 2007, D. I. Capacho-Navia et al. 243 (COL); Chitaga, corregimiento Presidente, vereda Presidente, laguna El Tambor, sobre margen al costado SE, 7 ° 0 ' N, 72 ° 42 ' W, 15 Mar 2007, D. I. Capacho-Navia et al. 362 (COL [mixed with Werneria pygmaea]); Cordillera Oriental, paramo del Almorzadero, vertiente norte, 6 ° 59 ' N, 72 ° 44 ' W, 28 Nov 1941, J. Cuatrecasas 13505 (COL [mixed with W. pygmaea], US); Santander: paramo del Almorzadero, 6 ° 59 ' N, 72 ° 44 ' W, 17 Nov 1978, J. Aguirre & A. M. Cleef 880 (COL); Cordillera Oriental, paramo de Almorzadero, on road between Chitaga and Cerrito, about half way to Boqueron, 6 ° 56 ' N, 72 ° 40 ' W, 31 Dec 1959, H. G. Barclay & P. Juajibioy 10363 (COL); paramo de Almorzadero, on road between Chitaga and Cerrito, approx. 7 km S of highest point of paramo, 6 ° 59 ' N, 72 ° 40 ' W, 31 Dec 1959, H. G. Barclay & P. Juajibioy 10370 (COL [mixed with W. pygmaea], US); Alto del Almorzadero, vertiente sur, 6 ° 58 ' N, 72 ° 43 ' W, 20 Jul 1940, J. Cuatrecasas & H. Garcia Barriga 10012 (COL, US); paramo del Almorzadero, km 50 - 51, 7 ° 0 ' N, 72 ° 44 ' W, 20 Sep 1969, J. Cuatrecasas & L. Rodriguez 27887 (COL, US).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
1B7C6428255F5D92AB187F792C8C639E.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming dense mats or hummocks, with rhizome-like stems up to 17 cm long covered with matted lanate indumentum and leaf bases, rather erect, simple or branched from the base. Stems 1.5 - 4 cm tall (aerial part), lanate. Leaves stellate-imbricate, extending into a sheath-like base that bears long silky trichomes, usually with the leaf lamina spreading at nearly 90 ° from the sheath-like base; leaf laminas 6.5 - 27.6 x 1.2 - 2.2 mm, linear, obtuse, usually callous-like tipped at the apex, entire, flat to elliptical in cross section, glabrous, 1 - nerved above, 1 - nerved beneath, fleshy, matte or shiny. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile to subsessile (rarely with a short peduncle up to 8 mm long). Involucres 10.2 - 19.7 x 7.8 - 15.8 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 11 to 21, 6 - 14.9 x 1.6 - 2.2 mm, rather acute at the apex, greenish to dark-purplish. Ray florets 13 to 21; corollas 13 - 19.7 x 1.7 - 3.4 mm, 4 to 6 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets 50 to 95; corollas 6.6 - 8.1 mm long, yellow; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, yellowish, purple-tipped. Achenes 2.6 - 4 x 0.8 - 1 mm, cylindrical, 6 to 8 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 7.8 - 19 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
0E41AA54F3975DFBBD0E33F74548877D.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of erect stems or cushions. Rhizomes 5 - 15 x 0.5 - 0.8 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 11 - 24 cm tall, branched, glabrous, usually with leaves restricted to the upper part. Leaves imbricate, extending into a sheath-like base glabrous or with long silky trichomes; leaf laminas 5.7 - 9.9 x 2.4 - 4.1 mm, spatulate (finger-like at the apex), at least 9 - divided at the apex, with the primary division extending deeper than the subsequent ones, entire, sometimes with some minute cilia, elliptical to terete upwards in cross section, glabrous or floccose-lanate, 1 - nerved above (barely visible), 1 - nerved beneath, somewhat fleshy, matte; primary division 2 - 3 mm long, 3 to 6 divided, rounded to truncate, sometimes with some scattered cilia on the margin. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres 10.8 - 12.8 x 8.2 - 9.5 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 11 to 20, 6.6 - 7.6 x 1.9 - 2 mm, obtuse at the apex, greenish, sometimes purple-edged. Ray florets 17 to 22; corollas 9.2 - 11 x 1.3 - 1.6 mm, 4 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets 37 to 50; corollas 5.3 - 6.3 mm long, yellowish; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes or slightly penicillate, purplish. Achenes 3.1 - 4.8 x 0.9 - 1.3 mm, cylindrical, 7 to 9 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 8.1 - 8.9 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number 2 n = 108 (+ / - 4) (Diers 1961). Fig. 25.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
0E41AA54F3975DFBBD0E33F74548877D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Central Peru to central Bolivia. Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Potosi [n. v.]), Peru (Ancash, Apurimac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cusco, Huancavelica, Huanuco, Junin, Lima, Moquegua, Pasco, Puno). This species grows in rocky outcrops, scree slopes, cryoturbated soils, and exposed grasslands of the subhumid and humid puna ecoregions, between elevations of (2800 -) 3400 - 5500 m (Fig. 24). Xenophyllum dactylophyllum has been reported from the Bolivian department of Potosi on the basis of the collection Steinbach s. n. (Jorgensen 2014; Tropicos 2020). This material, which has not been located, was collected nearby Andacaba, a locality ca. 30 km south of the city of Potosi. If the identification is confirmed, it would represent the southern distribution limit of this species. The specimen US- 00974139 most likely corresponds to a mislabeling because both the locality (San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro Province, Argentina) and the elevation (600 m) do not correspond to the known distribution area and altitudinal rank of this species.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
0E41AA54F3975DFBBD0E33F74548877D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet dactylophyllum means finger-like leaves and it refers to the resemblance between the leaves of this plant and a hand.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
0E41AA54F3975DFBBD0E33F74548877D.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Bolivia. Cochabamba: im Geroell des Cerro Tunari, 17 ° 17 ' S, 66 ° 23 ' W, May 1911, T. Herzog 2094 (S n. v.; locality confirmed by M. Zarate in litt.); La Paz: Murillo, Huayna Potosi, 29 Apr 1977, S. G. Beck 1 (LPB); Bautista Saavedra, 1 km antes de la cumbre, donde hay desvios por Charazani, Ulla Ulla y Amarete, 3 Aug 1985, S. G. Beck 11347 (LPB); Inquisivi, cordillera Tres Cruces, al pie de glaciar Atoroma, 16 ° 55 ' S, 67 ° 25 ' W, 23 Dec 1978, S. G. Beck 183 (LPB); Murillo, Milluni 11 km hacia Tuni, pie del glacial Huayna Potosi y Maria Lloco, 5 Jan 1980, S. G. Beck 2425 (LPB); Murillo, subiendo el valle Khallapa (hacia Hampaturi), entrando al valle lateral del rio Palcoma y subiendo hacia la serrania Murillo, 16 ° 25 ' S, 67 ° 57 ' W, 6 May 2012, S. G. Beck 33940 (LPB); Murillo, fin del valle Kaluyo pasando el pueblo de Chacaltaya, Pampalarama, 150 m por debajo del glaciar, 16 ° 19 ' S, 68 ° 4 ' W, 14 Mar 2013, S. G. Beck, D. Ibanez & C. Beck 34084 (LPB); Larecaja, cumbre, arriba del abra hacia mina Fabulosa, 16 ° 3 ' S, 68 ° 18 ' W, 10 Mar 2016, S. G. Beck 35111 (LPB); La Fabulosa, 16 ° 3 ' S, 68 ° 18 ' W, 26 Apr 1950, W. M. Brooke 6322 (CONC); Murillo, en las faldas del cerro Huayna Potosi, camino a Tuni Condoriri, 28 Jun 1991, V. Camacho & M. Rendon 1 (LPB); Loayza, sierra de Tres Cruces, 22 Feb 1979, A. Ceballos et al. 472 (COL); Bautista Saavedra, camino entre Escoma y Charazani, zona del ANMI Apolobamba, 15 ° 15 ' S, 69 ° 2 ' W, 4 Oct 2005, N. de la Barra et al. 1026 (BOLV, LPB); Humasani, 15 Jun 1974, Essel 23 (LPB); Bautista Saavedra, Pumazani, am Beginn der Strabe nach Amarete, 15 ° 13 ' S, 68 ° 59 ' W, 25 May 1980, T. Feuerer 4228 (LPB); Murillo, Zongo-Tal, am Lago Zongo, 16 ° 17 ' S, 68 ° 7 ' W, 1 Jun 1980, T. Feuerer 4335 a (LPB); Los Andes, an der Strabe zur Mine Fabulosa, 10 Feb 1980, T. Feuerer 8472 (LPB); valle de Zongo, 1.5 km avant la cumbre, 16 ° 16 ' S, 68 ° 7 ' W, 24 Apr 1988, A. Fournet 815 (BOLV); Bautista Saavedra, Amarka, cerca del limite occidental del ANMI Apolobamba, 15 ° 15 ' S, 69 ° 2 ' W, 4 Sep 2004, A. Fuentes & C. Aldana 6721 (BOLV, LPB); Murillo, nev. Huayna Potosi, E slopes above rd., 16 ° 17 ' S, 68 ° 8 ' W, 12 Apr 1995, V. A. Funk & N. Bernal 11282 (LPB); Murillo, nev. Charquini, above aqueduct on N facing slope, 16 ° 17 ' S, 68 ° 6 ' W, 12 Apr 1995, V. A. Funk & N. Bernal 11287 (LPB); Los Andes, Hichu-Kkota valley, 20 km from base of lgn. Khara Kkota along rd. to mina Fabulosa, 16 ° 10 ' S, 68 ° 20 ' W, 25 Apr 1995, V. A. Funk & C. Gonzalez-Quint 11371 (LPB, US); Los Andes, Hichu-Kkota valley, 21 km from base of lgn. Khara Kkota along rd. to mina Fabulosa, near the pass, 16 ° 10 ' S, 68 ° 20 ' W, 25 Apr 1995, V. A. Funk & C. Gonzalez-Quint 11372 (LPB, US); Los Andes, above cumbre (pass) on rd. through Hichu-Kkota valley on rd. to mina La Fabulosa, 21 km from base of lag. Khara Kkota, 16 ° 10 ' S, 68 ° 20 ' W, 29 Apr 1995, V. A. Funk 11408 (LPB); Bautista Saavedra, Charazani, pampa de Ulla-Ulla, cerca de la estancia Medallani, 15 ° 4 ' S, 69 ° 6 ' W, 4 May 1993, P. Gutte & B. Herzog 702 (LPB); Franz Tamayo, Ulla Ulla, cordillera Apolobamba cerca al pueblo de Pelechuco 17 km NE, 14 ° 55 ' S, 69 ° 10 ' W, 22 Aug 1986, P. Holt 15 A (LPB); Jose M. Camacho, 60 km al E de Ulla Ulla, arriba del paso Osipal, 29 Jul 1993, P. Holt 2 (LPB); Jose M. Camacho, 60 km al E de Ulla Ulla, arriba de Osipal, 29 Jul 1993, P. Holt 3 (LPB); Murillo, cerro Charquini, a 1 h 20 min del centro de La Paz, 16 ° 17 ' S, 68 ° 6 ' W, Jun 2015, A. Huon & R. I. Meneses 1 (LPB); Murillo, Huayna Potosi, 29 Apr 1977, E. Jordan 1 (LPB); Bautista Saavedra, division camino Amarete-Charazani-Ulla Ulla, 15 ° 14 ' S, 69 ° 3 ' W, 14 Jun 1997, M. Kessler et al. 10144 (LPB); Murillo, Zongo pass, slope up towards Huayna Potosi, 16 ° 14 ' S, 68 ° 8 ' W, 6 Aug 1991, M. Kessler 2840 (LPB); Humasani, 17 Jun 1975, R. Lara 1499 (LPB); Larecaja, viciniis Sorata, prope Anilaya, ad lacum Yuriguana, 15 ° 45 ' S, 68 ° 33 ' W, Mar / May 1858, G. Mandon 101 (LE, RB, W); Bautista Saavedra, abra Pumasani, 15 ° 15 ' S, 69 ° 2 ' W, 20 Apr 1982, X. Menhofer 1108 (LPB); Murillo, nevado Huayna Potosi, 14 Jul 1982, X. Menhofer 1420 (LPB); Franz Tamayo, lado E de la cordillera de Apolobamba, camino de Pelechuco a Sorata, cerca de la mina abandonada de Sunchuli, 15 ° 1 ' S, 69 ° 0 ' W, 25 May 1984, X. Menhofer 2344 (LPB); Franz Tamayo, lado E de la cordillera de Apolobamba, camino de Pelechuco a Sorata, cerca de la mina abandonada de Sunchuli, 15 ° 1 ' S, 69 ° 0 ' W, 25 May 1984, X. Menhofer 2345 (LPB); Omasuyos, Hichu Cota, subiendo a la cumbre, 16 ° 7 ' S, 68 ° 21 ' W, 28 Apr 1985, M. Moraes 150 (LPB); Los Andes, Hichu-Kkota, 26 Jan 1984, C. Ostria 119 (LPB); Los Andes, valle de Hichu Kkota, 17 Nov 1983, C. Ostria 48 (LPB); Inquisivi, cordillera Tres Cruces, 13 Sep 2001, B. J. Ruthsatz 10533 (LPB); Murillo, 4.5 km N of Milluni on road to Zongo pass (ca. 3 km S of pass), 16 ° 18 ' S, 68 ° 8 ' W, 7 Feb 1985, J. C. Solomon 13210 (LPB); Murillo, pass at the head of valle del Zongo, 16 ° 17 ' S, 68 ° 8 ' W, 6 Mar 1983, J. C. Solomon 9785 (LPB); Larecaja, Sorata, laguna glacial nevado Illampu, 15 ° 49 ' S, 68 ° 33 ' W, 20 Jul 1996, J. R. I. Wood 11255 (BOLV, HSB, LPB); Bautista Saavedra, on road between Escoma and Charazani, ca. 3 km before descent to Charazani, 15 ° 16 ' S, 69 ° 1 ' W, 10 Jun 2000, J. R. I. Wood & C. Wendleburger 16400 (LPB); Larecaja, Sorata, zona de la laguna glacial nevado Illampu, 15 ° 50 ' S, 68 ° 36 ' W, 7 Apr 2004, J. R. I. Wood 20663 (LPB); Murillo, cordillera Huayna Potosi, base de la cordillera de Huayna Potosi, 16 ° 16 ' S, 68 ° 7 ' W, 27 Mar 2007, M. Zarate 2440 (BOLV, LPB); Franz Tamayo, Pelechuco, al N en linea recta a 3.8 km del campamento Chocollo, 14 ° 43 ' S, 69 ° 13 ' W, 25 Nov 2017, F. Zenteno, D. Villalba & L. Mamani 21277 (LPB). Peru. Ancash: abra Yanashalla, 9 ° 51 ' S, 77 ° 4 ' W, 25 May 2013, C. Aedo & J. Molina 20440 (MA); Huaylas, Macate, cerro al norte de la laguna Capalo, 21 May 2000, A. Cano, A. Ramirez & C. Caceres 10549 (USM); Asuncion, Chacas, debajo de la punta Olimpica, entre las lagunas, 9 ° 8 ' S, 77 ° 30 ' W, 24 Apr 2004, A. Cano, M. I. La Torre & W. Mendoza 14536 (USM); Asuncion, Chacas, alrededores de la laguna Lebron, 9 ° 12 ' S, 77 ° 29 ' W, 20 May 2009, A. Cano et al. 19378 (USM); Huari, Rajupampa, laderas hacia el nevado Santa Rosa, 9 ° 29 ' S, 77 ° 17 ' W, 7 Oct 2012, A. Cano et al. 21319 (USM); Huaylas, Riurin, alturas de Pueblo Libre y alrededores, cerro Huachoq Qocha y cerro Gallu Huaqanan, 9 ° 12 ' S, 77 ° 47 ' W, 19 May 1999, A. Cano et al. 9252 (USM); Huaylas, Ocshapampa (Oxapampa), 9 ° 11 ' S, 77 ° 51 ' W, 11 Oct 1999, A. Cano et al. 9733 (USM); Bolognesi, Pariac Punta, pampa de Lampas, Chiquian, 10 ° 11 ' S, 77 ° 12 ' W, 4 May 1952, E. Cerrate 1513 (USM); Bolognesi, Ticllos, paso de Chonta, 10 ° 15 ' S, 77 ° 15 ' W, 29 Apr 1956, E. Cerrate 2651 (USM); Bolognesi, Chilcas, laguna de Quitcka, 25 Nov 1981, E. Cerrate, B. Leon & J. Campos 8400 (USM); near top of divide over cordillera Blanca, upper slopes of Huascaran, above lagunas Llanganuco, 9 ° 1 ' S, 77 ° 35 ' W, 10 Jul 1982, A. Gentry et al. 37431 (USM); Asuncion-Chacas, laguna Libron, 9 ° 12 ' S, 77 ° 29 ' W, 13 Aug 2008, B. Roca Ramos 1 (USM); Asuncion-Chacas, laguna Libron, 9 ° 12 ' S, 77 ° 29 ' W, 13 Aug 2008, B. Roca Ramos 2 (USM); Asuncion-Chacas, laguna Atlanta, a 2 km de la laguna Atlanta o Azulcocha, 9 ° 3 ' S, 77 ° 33 ' W, 12 Aug 2008, B. Roca Ramos 3 (USM); Huari, camino Olleros a Chavin, desde el abra hasta el lado oriental de la cordillera Blanca, 9 ° 36 ' S, 77 ° 17 ' W, 21 Oct 1999, J. Roque & K. Young 1221 (USM); Recuay, Huascaran N. P., pass between nevado Pasto Ruri and nevado Raria, rio Pachacoto drainage, 9 ° 52 ' S, 77 ° 11 ' W, 31 Mar 1985, D. N. Smith & F. Escalona 10207 (USM); Yungay, Huascaran N. P., Llanganuco sector, quebrada Demanda, W of Chacraraju base camp, 9 ° 1 ' S, 77 ° 36 ' W, 13 Apr 1985, D. N. Smith & V. Cautivo 10290 (USM); Recuay, Huascaran N. P., quebrada Quenua Ragra, 9 ° 58 ' S, 77 ° 13 ' W, 10 May 1985, D. N. Smith, R. Valencia & A. Gonzales 10700 (LPB, USM); Recuay, Huascaran N. P., camino de herradura passing over Cahuish tunnel, 9 ° 41 ' S, 77 ° 15 ' W, 10 Jul 1985, D. N. Smith & M. Buddensiek 11126 (USM); Carhuaz, Huascaran N. P., quebrada Ishinca, side valley to laguna Ishinca, 9 ° 23 ' S, 77 ° 25 ' W, 16 Jul 1985, D. N. Smith & M. Buddensiek 11208 (USM); Huari, Huascaran N. P., just crossing the Ulta pass, 9 ° 7 ' S, 77 ° 30 ' W, 28 Jul 1985, D. N. Smith 11304 (USM); Carhuaz, Huascaran N. P., quebrada Honda, from pass towards valley bottom, N-side of valley, 9 ° 18 ' S, 77 ° 24 ' W, 3 Oct 1985, D. N. Smith, M. Buddensiek & R. Valencia 11644 (USM); Recuay, Huascaran N. P., lateral valley of quebrada Queshque, toward rio Pachacoto drainage, 9 ° 50 ' S, 77 ° 18 ' W, 19 Mar 1986, D. N. Smith, R. Valencia & M. Torres 11900 (USM); Yungay, Huscaran N. P., between lake Llanganuco and Portachuelo, 9 ° 3 ' S, 77 ° 36 ' W, 16 Aug 1984, D. N. Smith 8258 (USM); Huaylas, Huascaran N. P., pass between quebrada Los Cedros and Hatuncocha, 8 ° 51 ' S, 77 ° 45 ' W, 12 Mar 1985, D. N. Smith & R. Valencia 9963 (USM); Huaylas, sector denominado Huiripunta, 6 Sep 1994, G. Yarupaitan & E. Salas 1482 (USM); Apurimac: Abancay, Ampay, 13 ° 34 ' S, 72 ° 53 ' W, Aug 1937, C. Vargas & Santander 514 (CUZ); Arequipa: pr. Chivay, ladera S del nevado Huarancante, 15 ° 45 ' S, 71 ° 32 ' W, 1 Apr 2005, C. Aedo & A. Galan 11037 (MA, USM); Caylloma, pasando la cumbre Chucura, 15 ° 45 ' S, 71 ° 33 ' W, 16 Jan 1999, S. G. Beck 26468 (LPB); Castilla, Orcopampa, minas de Poracota, cerca a quebrada Faculla, 15 ° 14 ' S, 72 ° 32 ' W, 20 Apr 2011, H. Beltran 7115 (USM); Ramon Castilla, Orcopampa, alrededores de Cia. Minera Ares, 15 ° 16 ' S, 72 ° 17 ' W, 31 Mar 2000, A. Cano & N. Valencia 10106 (USM); La Union, Huaynacotas, Sarajorepampa, 15 ° 1 ' S, 72 ° 47 ' W, 18 Mar 2011, D. Montesinos 2951 (HSP, MOL); Castilla, Tapay, cerro Blanco, Apacheta, 17 Sep 2011, N. Vega 1782 (USM); Condesuyos, nevado de Coropuna, 15 ° 34 ' S, 72 ° 42 ' W, Jun 1976, M. Weibel s. n. (USM); Ayacucho: Cangallo, Paras, abra Apacheta, 13 ° 21 ' S, 74 ° 44 ' W, 25 Jun 2001, J. Roque & C. Arana 3289 (USM); Paucar del Sara Sara, Oyolo, a 15 km al NO de Pampamarca, camino a Sayla, 15 ° 5 ' S, 73 ° 2 ' W, 14 Sep 2013, C. Tejada 233 (HSP); Cusco: Urubamba, Machupijchu, 13 ° 10 ' S, 72 ° 32 ' W, Nov 1982, B. Peyton 97 (CUZ); Espinar, al oeste del poblado de Condoroma, a 1 km de la carretera, 15 ° 16 ' S, 71 ° 10 ' W, 30 Sep 2009, W. Ramirez 585 (USM); Urubamba, Pumahuanca, 13 ° 11 ' S, 72 ° 8 ' W, 8 Jun 1991, A. Tupayachi 1515 (CUZ); Huancavelica: Huaytara, alrededores de abra Apacheta, 13 ° 18 ' S, 74 ° 41 ' W, 3 Sep 2013, P. Gonzales et al. 2780 (USM); Huachocolpa, alrededores de la unidad minera Caudalosa, 13 ° 4 ' S, 75 ° 0 ' W, 23 Mar 2015, P. Gonzales 3528 (USM); paso de Chonta, 12 ° 38 ' S, 74 ° 26 ' W, 8 May 1958, O. Tovar 2948 (USM); Huanuco: Lauricocha, Cauri, alrededores de las lagunas Tinkicocha, Lauricocha, Tauricocha y Patarcocha, 10 ° 27 ' S, 76 ° 44 ' W, 8 Sep 2012, P. Gonzales & N. Valencia 1921 (USM); Dos de Mayo, entre Lauricocha y Otuto, [without date], A. Raimondi 1589 (USM); Lauricocha, San Miguel de Cauri, campamento Raura, laguna artificial antes de ingresar a Ninococha bajo, 10 ° 27 ' S, 76 ° 45 ' W, 7 May 2004, F. Salvador, S. Rios & E. Arias 735 (USM); Lauricocha, San Miguel de Cauri, a 100 m de puesto de control Santa Rosa (campamento Raura), ladera abajo, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 13 May 2004, F. Salvador, S. Rios & E. Arias 944 (USM); Junin: Huancayo, Pucara, Raquina, 12 ° 10 ' S, 75 ° 7 ' W, [without date], D. Barron 57 (USM); Yauli, paso de Anticona, cumbre mas alta de la carretera central, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 17 Dec 1951, E. Cerrate 998 (USM); Anticona pass, ca. 140 km E of Lima on Hwy. to La Oroya, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 16 Dec 1978, M. Dillon & B. L. Turner 1300 (USM); cercanias de Morococha, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 8 ' W, 13 Nov 1863, J. Isern 404 (MA); La Oroya, 11 ° 31 ' S, 75 ° 53 ' W, 15 Jun 1915, K. Maisch 150 (USM); Huaytapallana, 11 ° 57 ' S, 75 ° 2 ' W, 4 May 1961, O. Tovar 3386 (USM); Yauli, Ticlio, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, Feb 1974, O. Tovar 7187 (USM); Yauli, Milloc, camino del desvio de Casapalca, 20 Mar 1983, M. A. Vargas 77 (USM); Jauja, al pie del nevado de Tullujuto, Aug 1920, A. Weberbauer s. n. (USM); Huancayo, Quilcas, Tunacorral, 11 ° 51 ' S, 75 ° 9 ' W, 5 Apr 1994, G. Yarupaitan, E. Olivera & R. Canto 1355 (USM); Lima: cordillera Raura, pr. mina Raura, 10 ° 29 ' S, 76 ° 44 ' W, 30 May 2013, C. Aedo & J. Molina 20538 (MA); Huarochiri, paso de Anticona, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 1 May 1999, H. Beltran & E. Li 3307 (USM); Yauyos, Laraos, pampas de Quiray cerca a la laguna de Huinso, 12 ° 23 ' S, 75 ° 48 ' W, 4 Feb 2000, H. Beltran 3415 (USM); Yauyos, Laraos, estancia de Quiray, 6 horas de camino al pueblo, 12 ° 24 ' S, 75 ° 45 ' W, 11 May 2001, H. Beltran 4059 (USM); Yauyos, Laraos, camino de Jalcacha a Palca, 12 ° 24 ' S, 75 ° 45 ' W, 4 Nov 1992, H. Beltran 406 (USM); Yauyos, Laraos, Malpaso, 12 ° 27 ' S, 75 ° 40 ' W, 12 May 2001, H. Beltran 4204 (USM); Oyon, compania minera Iscaycruz, 10 ° 47 ' S, 76 ° 43 ' W, 30 May 2008, H. Beltran 6509 (USM); Huarochiri, desvio de carretera central hacia Chinchan y Marcapomacocha, 11 ° 34 ' S, 76 ° 15 ' W, 23 Sep 2014, H. Beltran & W. Aparco 7737 (USM); Huarochiri, desvio de carretera central hacia Chinchan y Marcapomacocha, 11 ° 34 ' S, 76 ° 15 ' W, 23 Sep 2014, H. Beltran & W. Aparco 7749 (USM); Oyon, encima de mina Uchuchacua, parte mas alta por carretera, 10 ° 36 ' S, 76 ° 40 ' W, 5 Apr 2015, H. Beltran & W. Aparco 7771 (USM); Huarochiri, Chicla, abra Anticona (Ticlio), 11 ° 36 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 29 Apr 2017, H. Beltran, S. Castillo & M. Arakaki 7965 (USM); limite con dpto. Junin, entre Casapalca y Ticlio, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 1 Dec 1977, S. Castroviejo, M. Costa & E. Valdes-Bermejo 1118 (MA); Huarochiri, arriba de Chumpicocha, 11 ° 57 ' S, 76 ° 9 ' W, 28 May 1953, E. Cerrate 2011 (USM); Anticona nevado, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 10 ' W, 8 Aug 1987, M. Chanco, O. Tovar & A. Galan 1220 (USM); Huarochiri, lago Aguascocha, near mina Caprichosa, above Casapalca, 11 ° 38 ' S, 76 ° 13 ' W, 1 Mar 1964, P. C. Hutchison & O. Tovar 4270 (USM); subida al puerto de Piedra Parada, camino de Lima a Tarma, 26 Sep 1863, J. Isern 434 (MA); Canta, La Viuda, 11 ° 21 ' S, 76 ° 26 ' W, 7 Aug 1964, I. Meza 228 (USM); Morococha, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 8 ' W, [without date], A. Raimondi 8389 (USM); Cajatambo, Raura, 10 ° 26 ' S, 76 ° 47 ' W, 15 Apr 1988, S. Rivas et al. s. n. (USM); Canta, Cullhuay, alrededores de la laguna de Chuchun, 11 ° 22 ' S, 76 ° 26 ' W, 17 May 2003, G. Vilcapoma 6070 (USM); Moquegua: General Sanchez Cerro, Yunga, Sura-Perusa, 16 ° 11 ' S, 70 ° 38 ' W, 13 Apr 2012, D. Montesinos 3789 (HSP, USM); General Sanchez Cerro, Yunga, Sura, 16 ° 11 ' S, 70 ° 38 ' W, 3 Mar 2018, D. Montesinos & J. Calvo 5938 (HSP); Pasco: abra Ucchuchacua, 10 ° 36 ' S, 76 ° 40 ' W, 31 May 2013, C. Aedo & J. Molina 20584 (MA); Pasco, Huaron, 11 ° 2 ' S, 76 ° 27 ' W, Nov 1956, H. Macedo s. n. (USM); Puno: Carabaya, Corani, Minaspata, 14 ° 2 ' S, 70 ° 43 ' W, 15 Oct 2016, P. Gonzales 3829 (USM).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
E5CC936944E951D3B2CA7A2AC932AE42.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of erect stems. Rhizomes 4 - 10 x 0.4 - 0.5 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 11 - 19 cm tall, usually branched, glabrous, usually with leaves restricted to the upper part. Leaves imbricate, extending into a glabrous sheath-like base; leaf laminas 7.2 - 16 x 2.2 - 3.7 mm, linear-oblong, slightly broadened towards the apex, 3 - notched at the apex, with the lateral lobes wider than central one, entire and shortly ciliate (cilia ca. 0.3 mm long), flat to slightly curved forwards in cross section, glabrous, 1 - nerved above (barely visible), 1 - nerved beneath, somewhat fleshy, matte; leaf lobes 0.6 - 1.5 x 1 - 1.6 mm (central one significantly smaller), rounded to subtruncate. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres 10 - 12.6 x 8 - 10 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 13 to 14, 5.2 - 8 x 2 - 2.9 mm, acute to obtuse at the apex, greenish. Ray florets 20 to 21; corollas 10.4 - 11.9 x ca. 1.5 mm, 3 - veined, subentire to 2 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets 37 to 58; corollas 6 - 7 mm long, yellow; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes or slightly penicillate, purplish. Achenes 4.8 - 5.4 x 1 - 1.2 mm, cylindrical, 7 to 8 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 8.7 - 9.8 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
E5CC936944E951D3B2CA7A2AC932AE42.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic to Peru (Ancash, Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Huanuco [expected], Junin, Lima). It grows in rocky outcrops, scree slopes, and on cryoturbated soils of the subhumid and humid puna ecoregions, between elevations of 3850 - 5000 m (Fig. 24).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
E5CC936944E951D3B2CA7A2AC932AE42.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The adjective decorus - a - um means handsome, elegant, decorous. Indeed, Blake (1928) pointed out in the protologue that it is " an attractive and very distinct species ".	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
E5CC936944E951D3B2CA7A2AC932AE42.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Peru. Ancash: Huari, San Marcos, altura del km 111 - 112 de la carretera al campamento minero Antamina, 9 ° 36 ' S, 77 ° 1 ' W, 26 Mar 2004, A. Cano et al. 14168 (USM); Pallasca, Pampas, cordillera Pelagatos, 8 ° 12 ' S, 77 ° 46 ' W, 18 Apr 2011, A. Cano et al. 20203 (USM); collado encima rio Pumapampa, 18 Mar 1983, O. Tovar et al. 9710 (USM); Ayacucho: Cangayllo-Huaytara, Paras-Pilpichaca, alrededor del abra Apacheta, 13 ° 17 ' S, 74 ° 42 ' W, 23 Aug 2014, P. Gonzales et al. 3329 (USM); Huancavelica: Huaytara, alrededores de abra Apacheta, 13 ° 18 ' S, 74 ° 41 ' W, 3 Sep 2013, P. Gonzales et al. 2783 (USM); Junin: Anticona pass, ca. 140 km E of Lima on Hwy. to La Oroya, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 16 Dec 1978, M. Dillon & B. L. Turner 1308 (USM); Lima-La Oroya highway, cumbre at top of divide, above Morococha, 11 ° 36 ' S, 76 ° 8 ' W, 29 Jun 1982, A. Gentry & R. Tredwell 37301 (USM); Ticlio, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 11 Jul 1982, B. Maass 575 (USM); Yauli, Anticona arriba, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 10 ' W, 24 Mar 1979, O. Tovar, S. Rivas & Saenz 7806 (USM); Anticona, abajo entre Casapalca y Oroya, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 26 Jun 1954, O. Tovar & L. Constance 9194 (USM- 29378 [mixed with X. ciliolatum and digitatum]); Lima: Huarochiri, paso de Anticona, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 1 May 1999, H. Beltran & E. Li 3306 (USM); Yauyos, Laraos, pampas de Quiray cerca a la laguna de Huinso, 12 ° 23 ' S, 75 ° 48 ' W, 4 Feb 2000, H. Beltran 3418 (USM); Yauyos, Laraos, estancia de Quiray, 6 horas de camino al pueblo, 12 ° 24 ' S, 75 ° 45 ' W, 11 May 2001, H. Beltran 4059 (USM); Yauyos, Laraos, Viscollo, 12 ° 25 ' S, 75 ° 36 ' W, 12 May 2001, H. Beltran 4188 (USM); Huarochiri, desvio de carretera central hacia Chinchan y Marcapomacocha, 11 ° 34 ' S, 76 ° 15 ' W, 23 Sep 2014, H. Beltran & W. Aparco 7740 (USM); Huarochiri, Chicla, abra Anticona (Ticlio), 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 29 Apr 2017, H. Beltran, S. Castillo & M. Arakaki 7988 (USM); Yauyos, Tomas, abra Chaucha, 12 ° 14 ' S, 75 ° 38 ' W, 10 Aug 2017, H. Beltran 8469 (USM); Huarochiri, Ticlio, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 8 Aug 1982, K. Biegman s. n. (USM); Yauyos, Laraos, camino a Mina, 12 ° 25 ' S, 75 ° 41 ' W, 14 Apr 2012, A. Cano & H. Trinidad 20646 (USM); Huarochiri, San Damian, Chanape, 11 ° 55 ' S, 76 ° 10 ' W, 7 Jul 2013, P. Gonzales & B. Brito 2655 (USM); Huarochiri, Ticlio, canyon of the rio Rimac, on the carretera central, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 19 Aug 1957, P. C. Hutchison 1212 (CONC, F, GH, LE, NY, UC, US [all specimens mixed with X. digitatum]); Anticona, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 15 ' W, 5 Aug 2012, E. Linares & A. Galan 3101 (USM); Canta, La Viuda (km 165 carretera Lima-cerro de Pasco), 11 ° 21 ' S, 76 ° 26 ' W, 7 Aug 1964, I. Meza 227 (USM); Canta, Cullhuay, laderas de la laguna de Chuchun, 11 ° 22 ' S, 76 ° 26 ' W, 17 Aug 1996, G. Vilcapoma 4461 (USM).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
90427A97FAFF5FD3A28DBCCE39C082C9.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of erect stems. Rhizomes 5 - 12 x 0.5 - 0.9 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 10 - 13 cm tall, simple or branched, glabrous, usually with leaves restricted to the upper part. Leaves imbricate, extending into a glabrous sheath-like base; leaf laminas 7.7 - 11.5 x 2.8 - 6.7 mm, linear-spatulate (broadened upwards), 3 - forked at the apex (incision depth 1 / 3 - 1 / 2 of the total length), entire, usually with some minute cilia in the lower half, flat to elliptic or almost terete upwards in cross section, glabrous or arachnoid above (evanescent), 1 - nerved above (barely visible), 1 - nerved beneath, fleshy, matte; leaf lobes 3.6 - 5.9 x 0.8 - 1.2 mm, entire or 2 (- 3) - divided, acute to obtuse, sometimes mucronate. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile to subsessile. Involucres 12.1 - 16.7 x 9.8 - 15.7 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 12 to 13, 6.3 - 9.3 x 2.4 - 3.9 mm, obtuse at the apex, greenish, purple-edged. Ray florets 21 to 36; corollas 9.2 - 14.1 x 1.4 - 1.9 mm, 4 to 5 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets 49 to 63; corollas 5.5 - 7.2 mm long, yellowish; style branches penicillate, purplish. Achenes 3.5 - 3.9 x 1 - 1.1 mm, cylindrical, 7 to 8 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 6.7 - 8.9 mm long, barbellate, whitish to partially rose-colored. Chromosome number 2 n = 104 (+ / - 4) (Diers 1961). Fig. 2 D.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
90427A97FAFF5FD3A28DBCCE39C082C9.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Central Peru to northern Chile. Bolivia (Oruro, Potosi), Chile (Antofagasta, Arica-Parinacota, Tarapaca), Peru (Apurimac [expected], Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cusco, Huancavelica, Junin, Lima, Moquegua, Puno). It grows in wet rocky outcrops, marsh and stream edges, and on cryoturbated soils of the puna ecoregion, between elevations of 3700 - 5300 m (Fig. 23).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
90427A97FAFF5FD3A28DBCCE39C082C9.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The adjective digitatus - a - um refers to the shape of the leaves, which have divisions arranged like those of a bird's foot (3 - forked).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
90427A97FAFF5FD3A28DBCCE39C082C9.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Bolivia. Oruro: Sajama, ladera E del rio Sururia, 18 ° 13 ' S, 68 ° 54 ' W, 7 May 1981, M. Liberman 352 (LPB); Sajama, al sur del volcan Sajama, 18 ° 7 ' S, 68 ° 52 ' W, 1 May 1993, M. Sauvain 827 (LPB); Avaroa, Cruce Ventilla, Tirani, en linea recta a 13.1 km al W, Ayllu Puraca, 19 ° 4 ' S, 66 ° 19 ' W, 26 Feb 2016, F. Zenteno 16686 (USM); Potosi: cordillera Kari Kari, aprox. 3.3 km arriba de la laguna San Sebastian, 19 ° 36 ' S, 65 ° 41 ' W, 13 Feb 2019, J. Calvo & M. Zarate 7871 (BOLV); Sud Lipez, cerro Tapaquillcha, ladera S, 21 ° 31 ' S, 67 ° 53 ' W, 13 Apr 1980, M. Liberman 191 (LPB); Tomas Frias, aprox. 4 km saliendo por carretera Potosi-Tarija, cordillera de la ciudad de Potosi, 19 ° 36 ' S, 65 ° 41 ' W, 28 Feb 2006, M. Zarate 2216 (BOLV, LPB). Chile. Antofagasta: El Loa, el Tatio, 22 ° 20 ' S, 68 ° 1 ' W, 20 Oct 1976, M. Castillo s. n. (CONC); El Tatio, quebrada cerca del campamento de la CORFO, 22 ° 22 ' S, 68 ° 0 ' W, 26 Apr 1969, M. Mahu 4108 (SGO); El Loa, Ujina, 20 ° 58 ' S, 68 ° 37 ' W, 17 Jan 1943, E. Pisano & J. Venturelli 1724 (CONC, SGO); Arica-Parinacota: Parinacota, cerro Guane Guane, 18 ° 10 ' S, 69 ° 15 ' W, 20 Apr 1980, M. Arroyo, C. Villagran & J. Moreno 2660 (CONC); Parinacota, quebrada Cataguanchuta, 18 ° 14 ' S, 69 ° 31 ' W, 17 Dec 1988, E. Belmonte 88668 (CONC); Portezuelo de Chapiquina, faldeos al lado norte del campamento, 18 ° 19 ' S, 69 ° 30 ' W, 10 Feb 1964, C. Marticorena, O. Matthei & M. Quezada 110 (CONC); quebrada Ancochallane, 18 ° 15 ' S, 69 ° 24 ' W, 18 Jun 2015, A. Moreira-Munoz 2495 (SGO); Portezuelo de Chapiquina, 18 ° 19 ' S, 69 ° 30 ' W, 26 Mar 1961, M. Ricardi, C. Marticorena & O. Matthei 201 (B, CONC); Tarapaca: Iquique, Collaguasi, quebrada La Represa, 20 ° 59 ' S, 68 ° 38 ' W, 22 Jan 1993, S. Teillier 3011 (CONC). Peru. Arequipa: Castilla, Orcopampa, minas de Poracota, cerca a quebrada Faculla, 15 ° 14 ' S, 72 ° 33 ' W, 20 Apr 2011, H. Beltran 7111 (USM [mixed with X. ciliolatum]); Castilla, Orcopampa, minas de Poracota, cerca a quebrada Faculla, 15 ° 14 ' S, 72 ° 32 ' W, 20 Apr 2011, H. Beltran 7114 (USM); Condesuyos, Salamanca, bofedal de Tintarcocha, 15 ° 13 ' S, 72 ° 30 ' W, 26 Mar 2012, I. Trevino 761 (HSP); Ayacucho: Huamanga, Ocollo, hacia abra Apacheta, 13 ° 29 ' S, 74 ° 28 ' W, 26 Jun 2010, A. Cano et al. 19873 (USM); Cusco: Anta, Mollepata, 13 ° 24 ' S, 72 ° 43 ' W, 12 May 2013, H. Beltran 7672 (USM); cordillera de Vilcanota, camino al cerro Orqo Q'ocha, 13 ° 45 ' S, 71 ° 4 ' W, Mar 2008, C. Garcia 86 (LPB); cordillera de Vilcanota, camino al cerro Orqo Q'ocha, 13 ° 45 ' S, 71 ° 4 ' W, Mar 2008, C. Garcia 87 (LPB); Paucartambo, hacienda Churu, Jan 1926, F. L. Herrera 1033 (CONC, F, GH, MO, NY); Quispicanchi, Paucartambo, hacienda Ccapana, 13 ° 34 ' S, 71 ° 25 ' W, Apr 1926, F. L. Herrera 1056 (F); Quispicanchi, Paucartambo, hacienda Ccapana, 13 ° 34 ' S, 71 ° 25 ' W, Apr 1926, F. L. Herrera 1081 (BM, CONC, F, GH, MA, NY); cordillera del Auzangate, paso de Hualla-Hualla, 13 ° 38 ' S, 71 ° 6 ' W, 28 May 1958, H. Humbert et al. 30793 (USM); Quispicanchi, laguna Ampatuni [Ampatune], 13 ° 35 ' S, 71 ° 10 ' W, 29 / 30 May 1958, H. Humbert s. n. [C. Vargas 12143] (CUZ, US); cordillera de Vilcanota, cuenca de la laguna Sibinacocha, cerro Rititica, 13 ° 45 ' S, 71 ° 4 ' W, 5 Apr 2012, R. I. Meneses et al. 5446 (LPB); cordillera de Vilcanota, cuenca de la laguna Sibinacocha, cerro Orqo Q'ocha, 13 ° 45 ' S, 71 ° 4 ' W, 7 Apr 2012, R. I. Meneses et al. 5467 (LPB); Urubamba, laguna de Kellococha, proximidades de los nevados Balcunniyuc e Yllahuaman, 13 ° 12 ' S, 72 ° 15 ' W, 20 Aug 1988, A. Tupayachi 736 (US); cordillera de Vilcanota, Sibinacocha, 13 ° 45 ' S, 71 ° 4 ' W, 12 Mar 2008, K. Yager 4697 (LPB); Huancavelica: Huaytara, Pilpichaca (abra Apacheta), 13 ° 20 ' S, 74 ° 44 ' W, 4 Jul 2010, A. Cano, W. Mendoza & A. Delgado 19686 (USM); Huaytara, Pilpichaca (abra Apacheta), 13 ° 20 ' S, 74 ° 43 ' W, 4 Jul 2010, A. Cano, W. Mendoza & A. Delgado 19734 (USM); Angaraes, Ccochaccasa, 12 ° 56 ' S, 74 ° 47 ' W, 4 Apr 2014, A. Cano, B. Britto & N. Valencia 21926 (USM); Huaytara, alrededores de abra Apacheta, 13 ° 18 ' S, 74 ° 41 ' W, 3 Sep 2013, P. Gonzales et al. 2781 (USM); Huachocolpa, alrededores de la unidad minera Caudalosa, 13 ° 4 ' S, 75 ° 0 ' W, 23 Mar 2015, P. Gonzales 3559 (USM); Huachocolpa, alrededores de la unidad minera Caudalosa, 13 ° 4 ' S, 75 ° 0 ' W, 23 Mar 2015, P. Gonzales 3562 (USM); nevado Ajchi, Aug 1961, O. Tovar 3423 (USM); Junin: Anticona pass, ca. 140 km E of Lima, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 21 Dec 1978, M. Dillon & B. L. Turner 1478 (USM); Lima-La Oroya highway, cumbre at top of divide, above Morococha, 11 ° 36 ' S, 76 ° 8 ' W, 29 Jun 1982, A. Gentry & R. Tredwell 37301 (USM); Yauli, paso de Ticlio, carretera Lima-Oroya, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 6 Dec 1960, E. Pallardelly 1 (USM); abra de Ticlio, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, Dec 1986, S. Rivas et al. s. n. (USM); Anticona, abajo entre Casapalca y Oroya, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 26 Jun 1954, O. Tovar & L. Constance 9194 (USM- 29378 [mixed with X. ciliolatum and X. decorum], USM- 29379, USM- 34159); Yauli, Ticlio, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 28 Jun 1999, G. Yarupaitan 1690 (US); Lima: Yauyos, Laraos (zona de Pacocha e Ipillo), 12 ° 20 ' S, 75 ° 43 ' W, 20 Nov 1996, H. Beltran 2579 (USM); Huarochiri, paso de Anticona, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 1 May 1999, H. Beltran & E. Li 3305 (USM); Yauyos, Laraos, Viscollo, 12 ° 25 ' S, 75 ° 36 ' W, 12 May 2001, H. Beltran 4193 (USM); Anticona, limite entre Lima y Junin, 11 ° 27 ' S, 76 ° 13 ' W, 24 Jan 2004, H. Beltran 5863 (USM); Huarochiri, Chicla, abra Anticona (Ticlio), 11 ° 36 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 29 Apr 2017, H. Beltran, S. Castillo & M. Arakaki 7964 (USM); Huarochiri, Chicla, abra Anticona (Ticlio), 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 29 Apr 2017, H. Beltran, S. Castillo & M. Arakaki 7989 (USM); limite con dpto. Junin, entre Casapalca y Ticlio, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 1 Dec 1977, S. Castroviejo, M. Costa & E. Valdes-Bermejo 1120 (MA); puerto de Ticlio, entre Casapalca y Morococha, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 6 Mar 1979, A. Ceballos et al. 8 (MA); Huarochiri, Ticlio, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 5 Mar 1966, E. Cerrate, C. Acleto & J. Gomez 4289 (USM); La Oroya, Anticona, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 10 ' W, 25 Apr 1971, E. Cerrate et al. 4907 (USM); Ticlio, top of divide between Lima and La Oroya, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 29 Jan 1983, A. Gentry et al. 39749 (USM); Huarochiri, San Damian, Chanape, 11 ° 53 ' S, 76 ° 15 ' W, 5 Jul 2013, P. Gonzales & B. Brito 2629 (USM); Huarochiri, Ticlio, canyon of the rio Rimac, on the carretera central, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 19 Aug 1957, P. C. Hutchison 1212 (CONC, F, GH, LE, NY, UC, US [all specimens mixed with X. decorum], USM); Anticona, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 14 ' W, 5 Aug 2012, E. Linares & A. Galan 3099 (USM); Anticona, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 4 Aug 2012, E. Linares & A. Galan 3100 (USM); Ticlio, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, Feb 1974, O. Tovar 7191 (USM); Huarochiri, Ticlio, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, Nov 1975, F. Weberling 5891 (USM); Huarochiri, San Juan de Iris, bajando por la cumbre de Tres Cruces, 11 ° 41 ' S, 76 ° 31 ' W, 18 Aug 1993, G. Yarupaitan & J. Alban 1063 (USM); Huarochiri, San Juan de Iris, bajando de la cumbre de Tres Cruces, 11 ° 41 ' S, 76 ° 31 ' W, 18 Aug 1993, G. Yarupaitan & J. Alban 1067 (USM); Huarochiri, paso de Anticona, Ticlio, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 29 Oct 1994, G. Yarupaitan 1501 (USM); Moquegua: above unpaved mining road that is high above the valley [pr. Paripina, according to coordinates], 16 ° 38 ' S, 70 ° 1 ' W, 15 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13169 (US, USM); near former bofedal that is now mostly dead as a result of the mining operation [pr. Paripina, according to coordinates], 16 ° 39 ' S, 70 ° 1 ' W, 15 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13171 (US, USM); Mariscal Nieto, Calacoa, pr. Achacalane, 16 ° 41 ' S, 70 ° 33 ' W, 4 Mar 2018, D. Montesinos & J. Calvo 5999 (HSP); Puno: Carabaya, Quelcaya, 13 ° 58 ' S, 70 ° 50 ' W, 15 Feb 2009, E. Mondragon & J. Postigo 90 (USM); San Antonio de Esquilache, 16 ° 6 ' S, 70 ° 17 ' W, 18 May 1937, D. Stafford 748 (BM, F, K).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
97F64DB226675409B52ADAFA143C0081.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of erect or decumbent stems. Rhizomes 4 - 8 x 0.1 - 0.2 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 5 - 10 cm tall, branched, glabrescent, usually with leaves restricted to the upper part. Leaves somewhat distantly arranged, abruptly narrowed at the base; leaf laminas 11.2 - 15.5 x 3.3 - 4.6 mm, broadly spatulate, 3 - forked at the apex, entire and scabrous-ciliate (cilia ca. 0.17 mm long), flat in cross section, glabrous, 1 - nerved above (barely visible), 1 - nerved beneath, somewhat fleshy, matte, papillose; leaf lobes 2.4 - 3.9 x 0.7 - 1 mm, with 2 to 3 rough mucronate teeth up to 1.4 mm long. Capitula disciform, erect, sessile to subsessile. Involucres 10.4 - 15.1 x 6.5 - 7.4 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 8 to 12, 5.4 - 7.2 x 1.3 - 2.5 mm, acute to obtuse at the apex, greenish, sometimes purple-edged. Peripheral florets ca. 10, pistillate; corollas reduced to a vestigial tube ca. 2.1 mm long or without corolla. Disc florets ca. 15; corollas 6 - 10.6 mm long, purplish; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, purplish. Achenes cylindrical, glabrous (immature); pappus ca. 11.3 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
97F64DB226675409B52ADAFA143C0081.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Southern Peru to central-western Bolivia. Bolivia (Oruro), Chile (Arica-Parinacota), Peru (Arequipa, Moquegua, Puno, Tacna). It grows in rocky outcrops, steep volcanic slopes, and open shrublands of the subhumid and dry puna ecoregions, between elevations of 3700 - 4950 m (Fig. 27).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
97F64DB226675409B52ADAFA143C0081.taxon	etymology	Etymology. It is named after the Peruvian village of San Antonio de Esquilache (western Puno), where the type material was collected in 1937 by Dora Stafford.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
97F64DB226675409B52ADAFA143C0081.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Bolivia. Oruro: Challapata, Livichuco, Tarpata, estribaciones del cerro Toro en el collado antes de las lagunas, 18 ° 57 ' S, 66 ° 24 ' W, 15 Feb 2019, J. Calvo & M. Zarate 7877 (BOLV); prov. Eduardo Abaroa, Challapata, comunidad Churacani, 18 ° 55 ' S, 66 ° 40 ' W, 1 Apr 2018, M. Guzman 124 (LPB); Abaroa, Challapata, cerro Toro Ichurata, en linea recta a 34.38 km al E, 18 ° 57 ' S, 66 ° 27 ' W, 27 Feb 2016, F. Zenteno, L. Moya & D. Villalba 16745 (LPB). Chile. Arica-Parinacota: quebrada Cataguanchuta, 18 ° 14 ' S, 69 ° 31 ' W, 17 Dec 1988, E. Belmonte 88644 (CONC); pasado azufrera Tacora, 17 ° 42 ' S, 69 ° 49 ' W, 17 Mar 2015, A. Moreira-Munoz & F. Luebert 2407 (SGO); Portezuelo de Chapiquina, 18 ° 19 ' S, 69 ° 30 ' W, 26 Mar 1961, M. Ricardi, C. Marticorena & O. Matthei 207 (CONC). Peru. Arequipa: Chiguata, faldas del nevado Pichu Pichu, 16 ° 27 ' S, 71 ° 27 ' W, 20 Jun 2004, V. Quipuscoa et al. 2949 (HSP); Chiguata, ca. 2 km arriba del tunel del Simbral, carretera a Salinas, 16 ° 22 ' S, 71 ° 17 ' W, 15 Apr 2018, V. Quipuscoa & M. Balvin 7541 (HSP); Moquegua: Mariscal Nieto, Carumas, cerca a un acueducto, 16 ° 50 ' S, 70 ° 34 ' W, 15 Jun 2013, H. Beltran 7734 (USM); General Sanchez Cerro, Yunga, Sura-Perusa, 16 ° 11 ' S, 70 ° 38 ' W, 13 Apr 2012, D. Montesinos 3804 (HSP); General Sanchez Cerro, Yunga, Perusa, 16 ° 11 ' S, 70 ° 37 ' W, 3 Mar 2018, D. Montesinos & J. Calvo 5958 (HSP); Tacna: Tarata, Poma, carretera Tarata-Puno, 17 ° 25 ' S, 69 ° 56 ' W, 25 Mar 1998, A. Cano 8139 (USM).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
591709A5586C51A9A8CA395993C6FC2E.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Ecuador. Chimborazo: Mt. Chimborazo area, at the end of Polylepis road and beginning of hike to Polylepis forest, 1 ° 31 ' 50 '' S, 78 ° 52 ' 55 '' W, 4233 m, 20 Apr 2018, V. A. Funk & J. M. Bonifacino 14059 (holotype: US!; isotypes: MO!, QCA!).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
591709A5586C51A9A8CA395993C6FC2E.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming lax mats, with rhizome-like stems 20 - 35 cm long covered with arachnoid indumentum and leaf base remnants resembling paleae, horizontal, creeping, simple or branched from the base. Stems 2 - 3 cm tall (aerial part), arachnoid. Leaves imbricate, extending into a sheath-like base that bears arachnoid trichomes; leaf laminas 5.3 - 7.8 x 0.8 - 0.9 mm, linear, rather acute, callous-like tipped at the apex, entire, elliptical in cross section, glabrous, unconspicuously nerved above, 1 - nerved beneath (only visible in the lower third), fleshy, shiny, papillose. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres 9 - 11 x 5 - 7 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 13 to 14, 4.7 - 6.9 x 1 - 1.7 mm, acute at the apex, dark-burgundy. Ray florets 12 to 13; corollas 8.9 - 11.6 x 2.3 - 3 mm, 4 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white, somewhat purplish beneath. Disc florets 20 to 23; corollas 5 - 5.6 mm long, yellowish; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, yellowish. Achenes cylindrical, white-villous (immature); pappus 3.9 - 6.2 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown. Fig. 10.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
591709A5586C51A9A8CA395993C6FC2E.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic to Ecuador (Bolivar, Chimborazo). This species grows in exposed places and on sandy soils of the dry superparamo ecoregion, at elevations of 4100 - 4300 m (Fig. 9). The species is known from a few collections near the Chimborazo Volcano. Its distribution area partially overlaps with those of X. humile and X. rigidum. See Calvo and Funk (2020) for further details.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
591709A5586C51A9A8CA395993C6FC2E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet honors the American botanist Vicki A. Funk (1947 - 2019), who described the genus Xenophyllum and greatly contributed to the understanding of the family Compositae.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
591709A5586C51A9A8CA395993C6FC2E.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Ecuador. Bolivar: road to Salinas, 1.8 km W of Guaranda-Ambato hwy., 1 ° 25 ' S, 79 ° 0 ' W, 25 Jun 1989, L. J. Dorr & I. Valdespino 6474 (QCA, QCNE, US); Chimborazo: Mt. Chimborazo area, side road ends and connects to trail that leads to the Polylepis forest, 1 ° 32 ' S, 78 ° 53 ' W, 20 Apr 2018, V. A. Funk & J. M. Bonifacino 14061 (US); W side of the Chimborazo volcano, arenal around loma Guagua Lozan, 1 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 54 ' W, 3 Jul 1999, P. Sklenar 7528 (QCA, QCNE).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
261DD160B83E50C6A63E83910513A605.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming dense mats or hummocks, with rhizome-like stems up to 15 cm long covered with lanate indumentum and old leaves, rather erect, simple or branched from the base. Stems 1 - 3 cm tall (aerial part), lanate. Leaves stellate-imbricate to subimbricate, extending into a sheath-like base that bears long silky trichomes, usually with the leaf lamina spreading at nearly 90 ° from the sheath-like base; leaf laminas 2.5 - 10.8 x 0.5 - 1.5 mm, linear, obtuse to truncate, usually callous-like tipped at the apex, entire, elliptical to almost terete in cross section, glabrous, 1 - nerved above (sometimes barely visible), 1 - nerved beneath (sometimes barely visible), fleshy, drying coriaceous, matte, finely papillose. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile to subsessile (rarely with a short peduncle up to 5 mm long). Involucres 4.6 - 9.3 x 2.9 - 9 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts (8 -) 10 to 13, 3.1 - 6.1 x 1 - 2.1 mm, obtuse at the apex, greenish to dark-purplish. Ray florets (8 -) 10 to 13; corollas 4.2 - 12.2 x 0.4 - 2.1 mm, 4 to 7 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets (8 -) 22 to 39; corollas 3.1 - 5 mm long, whitish, usually purple-tipped; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, purplish. Achenes 2 - 2.8 x 0.4 - 0.6 mm, cylindrical, 7 to 9 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 2.1 - 7.9 mm long, barbellate, whitish, rarely partially rose-colored. Chromosome number unknown. Figs 2 A, 7.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
261DD160B83E50C6A63E83910513A605.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Northwestern Colombia to northern Bolivia. Bolivia (La Paz), Colombia (Antioquia, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Meta, Narino, Quindio [expected], Risaralda, Tolima, Valle del Cauca), Ecuador (Azuay, Bolivar, Canar [expected], Carchi, Chimborazo, Cotopaxi, Imbabura, Loja, Morona-Santiago, Napo, Orellana, Pichincha, Sucumbios, Tungurahua, Zamora-Chinchipe), Peru (Amazonas [n. v.], Ancash, Cajamarca, Junin, La Libertad [expected], San Martin). This species grows in marshes, grasslands, rocky outcrops, and exposed places of the paramo and humid puna ecoregions, between elevations of (2700 -) 3000 - 4800 m (Fig. 6). The species is very common along the paramos of Colombia and Ecuador, but it becomes very scattered towards its southern limit. No collections have been studied from the region comprised between central Peru (Junin) and northern Bolivia (La Paz).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
261DD160B83E50C6A63E83910513A605.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet humile means low-growing, close to the ground.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
261DD160B83E50C6A63E83910513A605.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Bolivia. La Paz: Murillo, bajando de la cumbre 16.7 km hacia Unduavi, pasando Pongo, 16 ° 19 ' S, 67 ° 57 ' W, 28 Apr 1991, S. G. Beck 18750 (LPB, USM); Murillo, entre Pongo y Unduavi, mina 50, subiendo hasta la mina San Luis, 16 ° 17 ' S, 67 ° 55 ' W, 28 Oct 1994, S. G. Beck et al. 21519 (LPB); Nor Yungas, San Luis, al NE en linea recta a 3.5 km del poblado de Pongo, 16 ° 18 ' S, 67 ° 55 ' W, 13 Nov 2016, F. Zenteno et al. 19280 (LPB). Colombia. Antioquia: paramo Frontino, cerro de Campanas, 6 ° 27 ' N, 76 ° 7 ' W, 29 Oct 1976, J. D. Boeke & J. B. McElroy 294 (US); Caldas: paramo del Ruiz, higher slopes, 29 Aug 1957, H. G. Barclay 5238 (COL); Villamaria, Nevado del Ruiz, a orillas de la carretera, 23 Sep 1980, L. A. Camargo 7406 (COL); cordillera Central, vertiente occidental, nevado de Santa Isabel, cabeceras del rio Otun, 4 ° 46 ' N, 75 ° 25 ' W, 25 Nov 1946, J. Cuatrecasas 23219 (CONC); cordillera Central, vertiente occidental, paramos del nevado del Ruiz, 5 May 1940, J. Cuatrecasas 9283 (US); S side of Nevado el Cisne near laguna Verde, 4 ° 50 ' N, 75 ° 21 ' W, 28 Jan 1986, V. A. Funk 8091 (COL, US); S side of Nevado el Cisne near laguna Verde, 4 ° 50 ' N, 75 ° 21 ' W, 28 Jan 1986, V. A. Funk 8093 (COL, US); Cordillera Central alrededores del refugio del Ruiz, carretera El Silencio, 4 ° 50 ' N, 75 ° 22 ' W, 7 Oct 1978, O. Rangel, H. Sturm & S. Zuluaga 1734 (COL); Manizales, sector del Cisne, 4 ° 51 ' N, 75 ° 21 ' W, Oct 2010, W. G. Vargas 22353 (ICESI); Cauca: Purace, P. N. N. Purace, entre Pilimbala y el volcan Purace, 2 ° 22 ' N, 76 ° 24 ' W, 14 Nov 2004, J. Betancur & M. Gutierrez 11215 (COL); Popayan, volcan Sotara, antecima del volcan, 2 ° 6 ' N, 76 ° 35 ' W, 30 Nov 2017, J. Calvo, T. Buira & C. Velasco 7622 (CAUP); cordillera Central, vertiente occidental, cabeceras del rio Paez, paramos entre Perro Muerto y la laguna del Paez, 2 ° 59 ' N, 76 ° 2 ' W, 4 / 5 Dec 1944, J. Cuatrecasas 19095 (F); S del P. N. Purace, inmediaciones de la laguna La Magdalena, sector Valencia, 1 ° 55 ' N, 76 ° 36 ' W, 15 Sep 1987, A. Duque 559 (COL); paramo de Las Papas, El Boqueron y alrededores de la laguna La Magdalena, 1 ° 55 ' N, 76 ° 36 ' W, 16 Oct 1958, J. M. Idrobo & H. G. Barclay 4039 (COL); Totoro, vereda Santa Teresa, paramo Carga Chiquillo, 2 ° 26 ' N, 76 ° 23 ' W, 9 Jul 2002, E. L. Munoz 915 (CAUP); paramo de Moras, between Mozoco and Pitayo, Tierra Adentro, 2 ° 41 ' N, 76 ° 14 ' W, Feb 1906, H. Pittier 1418 (US); Totoro, corregimiento de Gabriel Lopez, trayecto a la laguna la Herradura, 2 ° 30 ' N, 76 ° 13 ' W, 17 Apr 2009, B. R. Ramirez & J. F. Alvarez 21060 (CAUP); Jambalo, Pitayo-Quichaya, area especial de manejo Cresta de Gallo, 2 ° 42 ' N, 76 ° 19 ' W, 3 Mar 2000, G. Reina 472 (CAUP); Cundinamarca: P. N. N. Sumapaz, Nazaret, Santa Rosa, 4 ° 11 ' N, 74 ° 11 ' W, 2 Oct 1999, M. Angel et al. 9 (COL); Cordillera Oriental al sur de Usme, paramo de Chisaca, near edge of laguna Grande (Pinuelal), 4 ° 18 ' N, 74 ° 7 ' W, 16 Nov 1958, H. G. Barclay & P. Juajibioy 6220 (COL); La Calera, P. N. N. Chingaza, lagunas de Buitrago, 4 ° 45 ' N, 73 ° 49 ' W, 24 Jun 2017, L. Camelo, J. Castillo & J. Bernal 205 (COL); Bogota, localidad de Usme, El Carrizal, alrededores de la laguna El Pato, 4 ° 18 ' N, 74 ° 9 ' W, 17 Jan 2013, N. Castano & A. Orejuela 1429 (COL); paramo de Palacio, lagunas de Buitrago y alrededores, 4 ° 45 ' N, 73 ° 49 ' W, 16 Dec 1971, A. M. Cleef 294 (COL, US); paramo de Sumapaz, Chisaca, cabeceras del rio S. Rosa, aprox. 1 km al S de la laguna Larga, 4 ° 17 ' N, 74 ° 12 ' W, 25 Aug 1972, A. M. Cleef 5277 (US); cabeceras de la quebrada Chuza entre la mina de cal del paramo de Palacio y el paramo de Chingaza, laguna Seca y alrededores, 1 km approx. al NW de la laguna, 4 ° 40 ' N, 73 ° 47 ' W, 19 Sep 1972, A. M. Cleef & P. A. Florschuetz 5469 (COL, US); macizo de Bogota, eastern drainage, paramo de Palacio, quebrada de Casarreales, 14 Dec 1959, J. Cuatrecasas, M. T. Murillo & R. Jaramillo 25628 (COL, MA, US); paramo de Chisaca, around the laguna de Chisaca, 4 ° 17 ' N, 74 ° 12 ' W, 29 Dec 1959, J. Cuatrecasas & R. Jaramillo 25746 (COL); macizo de Bogota-macizo de Sumapaz, vertiente oriental, Media Naranja, 4 ° 11 ' N, 74 ° 15 ' W, 4 Jan 1969, J. Cuatrecasas & J. M. Idrobo 27005 (COL [mixed with Werneria pygmaea]); La Calera, paramo Chingaza, laguna Seca, 4 ° 40 ' N, 73 ° 46 ' W, 28 Dec 1999, A. Diaz s. n. (COL); paramo de Chisaca, entre las lagunas y Nazareth, 25 Aug 1977, S. Diaz-Piedrahita 1131 (COL); Fomeque, P. N. N. Chingaza, inmediaciones del campamento permanente del area administrativa del parque, sendero Suasie, 12 Nov 2015, D. Giraldo-Canas et al. 6026 (COL); paramo de Chisaca, laguna Verde, 16 Sep 1952, T. Hammen 506 (COL); Fomeque, paramo de Chingaza, laguna del Medio, 4 ° 30 ' N, 73 ° 44 ' W, 15 Dec 1963, G. Huertas & L. A. Camargo 5831 (COL); paramo de Chisaca, 5 Apr 1960, L. E. Mora 1101 (COL); P. N. N. Sumapaz, vereda Santa Rosa, alrededores de la laguna de los Tunjos, 4 ° 16 ' N, 74 ° 12 ' W, 7 Aug 1998, P. Pedraza et al. 274 (COL); laguna de Chisaca, 4 ° 17 ' N, 74 ° 12 ' W, 13 Dec 1998, P. Pedraza & P. Franco 452 (COL); pico el Zapato, 4 ° 14 ' N, 74 ° 11 ' W, 14 Jan 1999, P. Pedraza, C. Pedraza & A. Varon 614 (COL); paramo de Chisaca, alrededores de las lagunas de Chisaca (hoya del rio Magdalena), 4 ° 17 ' N, 74 ° 12 ' W, 10 Feb 1961, P. Pinto & J. Hernandez 485 (COL); Sumapaz, a 2 km de la division de la carretera a San Juan, 3 Oct 1978, O. Rangel 1655 (COL); Pasca, paramo de Chisaca al SE de la laguna de los Tunjos, 4 ° 16 ' N, 74 ° 12 ' W, 7 Nov 1987, R. Sanchez 727 (COL); paramo de Siberia, 24 Feb 1952, M. Schneider 1182 (COL); paramo de Chisaca, 4 ° 17 ' N, 74 ° 12 ' W, 5 Oct 1966, T. R. Soderstrom 1293 (US [mixed with W. pygmaea]); macizo de Sumapaz, delante de las lagunas de Chisaca, 4 ° 17 ' N, 74 ° 11 ' W, 30 Sep 1963, L. Uribe Uribe 4492 (COL); paramo de Sumapaz, lagunas de Chisaca, 4 ° 17 ' N, 74 ° 11 ' W, 2 Dec 1968, L. Uribe Uribe 6206 (COL); Fomeque, P. N. N. Chingaza, lagunas de Buitrago, 4 ° 45 ' N, 73 ° 49 ' W, 12 Aug 2000, F. Zapata 66 (COL); Huila: via al Nevado del Huila, 2 ° 47 ' N, 76 ° 1 ' W, 8 Dec 1993, C. Barbosa 9586 (COL); paramo de Las Papas, colinas al SE de la laguna La Magdalena sobre el cerro La Carona y El Boqueron, vertiente del Magdalena, 1 ° 55 ' N, 76 ° 35 ' W, 8 Sep 1958, J. M. Idrobo, P. Pinto & H. Bischler 3109 (COL); Meta: paramo de Sumapaz, Cerro Nevado del Sumapaz, pico del Nevado, exposicion SE, 3 ° 56 ' N, 74 ° 6 ' W, 30 Jan 1972, A. M. Cleef 1316 (US); paramo de Sumapaz, Cerro Nevado del Sumapaz, pico del Nevado, lado NE, 3 ° 56 ' N, 74 ° 6 ' W, 11 Jan 1973, A. M. Cleef 7628 (COL, US); macizo de Sumapaz, entre el plano del Nevado y la laguna del Sorbedero, 3 ° 56 ' N, 74 ° 8 ' W, 13 Jul 1981, S. Diaz-Piedrahita et al. 2792 (COL); Narino: Pasto, volcan Galeras, 1 ° 13 ' N, 77 ° 21 ' W, 1 Oct 1965, C. E. Acosta 12 (COL); Pasto, volcan Galeras, 1 ° 13 ' N, 77 ° 21 ' W, 1 Oct 1965, C. E. Acosta 13 (COL); in monte ignivomo Azufral, 18 May 1876, E. Andre 3281 (US); Cumbal, volcan de Chiles, en la antena via El Laurel, Maldonado-Carchi, 0 ° 49 ' N, 77 ° 55 ' W, Jul 2012, F. Avila 2247 (UDBC); Cumbal, volcan de Chiles, en la antena via El Laurel, Maldonado-Carchi, 0 ° 49 ' N, 77 ° 55 ' W, Jul 2012, F. Avila 2252 (UDBC); Cumbal, volcan de Chiles, en la antena via El Laurel, Maldonado-Carchi, 0 ° 49 ' N, 77 ° 55 ' W, Jul 2012, F. Avila 2259 (UDBC); Cumbal, volcan de Chiles, en la antena via El Laurel, Maldonado-Carchi, 0 ° 49 ' N, 77 ° 55 ' W, Jul 2012, F. Avila 2272 (UDBC); Mallama-Piedrahancha, paramo del Infiernillo, km 97 via Pasto-Tumaco, vereda Pueblo Viejo, entre la cabana principal de la reserva y el sitio " Las Lagunetas ", 1 ° 3 ' N, 77 ° 46 ' W, 8 Jan 2009, L. M. Caballero et al. 31 (COL); macizo del volcan Galeras, E slope, around La Torre, 1 ° 12 ' N, 77 ° 21 ' W, 7 Feb 1965, J. Cuatrecasas & L. E. Mora 26899 (COL, US); La Cruz, corregimiento de La Estancia, volcan Dona Juana, 1 ° 28 ' N, 76 ° 55 ' W, 16 Nov 2001, S. L. Diaz Ibarra 2087 (CAUP); volcan de El Galeras (N slope) above Pasto, 1 ° 12 ' N, 77 ° 21 ' W, 18 Oct 1944, J. A. Ewan 16323 (US); camino de herradura entre Tuquerres y el volcan Azufral, 8 Jan 1952, A. Fernandez & L. E. Mora 1136 (COL); Cumbal, en la base del cerro nevado o volcan, 28 Oct 1955, A. Fernandez 2897 (COL); al N de Yacuanquer, 1 ° 9 ' N, 77 ° 23 ' W, 4 Jan 1943, M. Garganta 488 (COL); volcan Galeras near Pasto, 1 ° 12 ' N, 77 ° 21 ' W, 11 Jan 1981, A. Gentry et al. 30523 (COL); Tuquerres, volcan Azufral, E slopes, ca. 9 - 13 km W of Tuquerres, 1 ° 5 ' N, 77 ° 40 ' W, 12 May 1989, J. L. Luteyn, J. Fuertes & O. Rangel 12826 (COL, US); Tuquerres, volcan Azufral, 1 ° 5 ' N, 77 ° 40 ' W, 10 Feb 1962, L. E. Mora 1881 a (US); Tuquerres, volcan Azufral, 1 ° 5 ' N, 77 ° 40 ' W, 10 Feb 1962, L. E. Mora 1883 (US); Tuquerres, volcan Azufral, 1 ° 5 ' N, 77 ° 43 ' W, 30 Sep 1979, L. E. Mora 7536 (COL); Pasto, P. N. N. Galeras, alrededores del volcan Galeras, 1 ° 15 ' N, 77 ° 26 ' W, 2 Sep 1999, P. Pedraza & M. Alvear 667 (COL); Pasto, volcan Galeras, 1 ° 13 ' N, 77 ° 21 ' W, 6 Aug 1977, P. Pinto et al. 1829 (COL); volcan Galeras, paramo, 1 ° 13 ' N, 77 ° 20 ' W, 22 Oct 1968, T. Plowman 1954 (US); alrededores de Cumbal, 20 Jul 1952, R. Romero-Castaneda 3279 (COL); Pasto, volcan El Galeras, 4 Jun 1946, R. E. Schultes & M. Villarreal 7955 (COL, CONC, F); Cumbal, volcan Chiles, 0 ° 49 ' N, 77 ° 56 ' W, 23 Oct 1978, H. Sturm 115 (COL); Tuquerres, laguna Verde, 1 ° 5 ' N, 77 ° 43 ' W, May 1853, J. J. Triana 2803.1 (COL); Risaralda: Cordillera Central, paramo del Quindio, 4 ° 44 ' N, 75 ° 23 ' W, 15 Aug 1922, F. W. Pennell & T. E. Hazen 10020 (US); Tolima: at top of Cordillera Central, Florida-Herrera camino, 3 ° 19 ' N, 76 ° 2 ' W, 16 Nov 1944, E. L. Core 1587 (US); Santa Isabel, paso de la Cordillera Central por la quebrada de Africa, 4 ° 45 ' N, 75 ° 22 ' W, 5 Feb 1980, S. Diaz-Piedrahita & R. Jaramillo 1798 (COL); paramo de Ruiz, 16 / 17 Dec 1917, F. W. Pennell 3039 (NY, US); Valle del Cauca: Los Farallones, ca. filo de la cordillera, al N del cerro Pance, vert. del Pacifico, 3 ° 21 ' N, 76 ° 42 ' W, 26 Jul 1991, E. Calderon 43 A (COL); alto de Los Farallones, 3 ° 20 ' N, 76 ° 41 ' W, 27 Feb 1979, C. Downey 131 (COL). Ecuador. Azuay: P. N. Cajas, cerca de la laguna Toreadora, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 13 ' W, 15 Nov 2000, L. Endara & M. Nonhebel 496 (QCA); P. N. Cajas, ca. 30 km W of Sayausi, at pass NE toward highest peak, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 14 ' W, 23 Oct 1995, V. A. Funk & X. Montezuma 11431 (QCA); P. N. Cajas, ca. 30 km W of Sayausi, at pass NE toward highest peak, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 14 ' W, 23 Oct 1995, V. A. Funk & X. Montezuma 11432 (HA, QCA); P. N. Cajas, ca. 30 km W of Sayausi, at pass NE toward highest peak, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 14 ' W, 23 Oct 1995, V. A. Funk & X. Montezuma 11433 (QCA); 5 km W of Soldados on Cuenca-San Joaquin-Angas rd., ca. 100 m up slopes N of rd. toward large laguna, near laguna Estrellas Cocha, 2 ° 54 ' S, 79 ° 15 ' W, 24 Oct 1995, V. A. Funk & X. Montezuma 11442 (QCA); 5 km W of Soldados on Cuenca-San Joaquin-Angas rd., ca. 100 m up slopes N of rd. toward large laguna, near laguna Estrellas Cocha, 2 ° 54 ' S, 79 ° 15 ' W, 24 Oct 1995, V. A. Funk & X. Montezuma 11443 (US); 5 km W of Soldados on Cuenca-San Joaquin-Angas rd., ca. 100 m up slopes N of rd. toward large laguna, near laguna Estrellas Cocha, 2 ° 54 ' S, 79 ° 15 ' W, 24 Oct 1995, V. A. Funk & X. Montezuma 11444 (US); W of Cuenca on gravel road between Soldados and Balao (hwy 25), laguna Estrellas Cocha, 6 km W of Arch at Soldados Park entrance, 2 ° 54 ' S, 79 ° 15 ' W, 18 Apr 2018, V. A. Funk & J. M. Bonifacino 14028 (US); W of Cuenca on gravel road between Soldados and Balao (hwy 25), laguna Estrellas Cocha, 6 km W of Arch at Soldados Park entrance, 2 ° 54 ' S, 79 ° 15 ' W, 18 Apr 2018, V. A. Funk & J. M. Bonifacino 14031 (US); carretera Cuenca-Angas, entre Soldados y Angas, 3 Aug 1983, J. Jaramillo & V. Winnerskjold 5497 (QCA); parque de recreacion Cajas, 2 Sep 1984, J. Jaramillo 7202 (QCA); P. N. Cajas, road Cuenca-Sayausi-Molleturo, km 38.4, from the pass to the top of ridge north of pass, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 14 ' W, 4 Jan 2000, P. M. Jorgensen, C. Ulloa & E. Narvaez 2098 (HA, QCNE); P. N. Cajas, road Cuenca-Sayausi-Molleturo, km 38.4, from the pass to the top of ridge north of pass, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 14 ' W, 4 Jan 2000, P. M. Jorgensen, C. Ulloa & E. Narvaez 2117 (HA, QCNE); arriba laguna Dos Chorreras, llamado " upper meadow ", 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 9 ' W, 2 Jul 1995, B. Leon & K. Young 3481 (QCA); Cuenca, Sayausi, Tres Cruces, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 14 ' W, 12 Apr 2013, D. Minga & A. Verdugo 2567 (HA); eastern cordillera, between Ona and the rio Yacuambi, 3 ° 34 ' S, 79 ° 5 ' W, 10 / 19 Sep 1945, F. Prieto 285 (COL, RB); Cajas N. P., E side of cerro Amarillo, 2 ° 45 ' S, 79 ° 15 ' W, 14 Jul 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 2556 (QCA); vicinity of Toreador [laguna Toreadora], between Molleturo and Quinoas, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 13 ' W, 15 Jun 1943, J. A. Steyermark 53216 (RB); P. N. Cajas, Cuenca-Molleturo km 28, sendero Patoquinoas-Totoras, 2 ° 47 ' S, 79 ° 12 ' W, 29 Aug 2003, C. Ulloa & D. Minga 1393 (HA); carretera Cuenca-San Joaquin-Angas, entre Soldados y Angas, 2 ° 55 ' S, 79 ° 15 ' W, 8 Oct 1990, R. Valencia & J. C. Matheus 395 (QCA); Bolivar: Guaranda, subcuenca del rio Chimbo, cerro Tililag, 1 ° 36 ' S, 78 ° 52 ' W, 23 Jan 1982, V. Pasaca 1397 (LOJA); Carchi: paramo del Angel, 21 Aug 1957, H. G. Barclay 5017 (COL); paramo del Angel, high ridge, 22 Aug 1957, H. G. Barclay 5104 (COL); paramo del Angel, on high ridge, 23 Aug 1957, H. G. Barclay 5137 (COL); along road from El Chical to Tulcan, at summit of road midway through paramo del Angel, 0 ° 48 ' N, 77 ° 56 ' W, 15 Oct 2012, T. B. Croat et al. 104336 (QCNE); loma Paneillo, 7.7 km W of Tufino on road to Maldonado, 0 ° 45 ' N, 77 ° 50 ' W, 11 Nov 1988, L. J. Dorr & L. C. Barnett 6035 (QCA, QCNE); roas between Tulcan and Maldonado, S of volcan Chiles, 0 ° 47 ' N, 77 ° 58 ' W, 12 Mar 1985, B. Eriksen 59003 (QCA, QCNE); paramo El Angel, between towns of El Angel and Tulcan near the pass, 4 Mar 1992, V. A. Funk & M. Gavilanes 11071 (QCA, QCNE); paramo El Angel, between towns of El Angel and Tulcan near the pass, 4 Mar 1992, V. A. Funk & M. Gavilanes 11072 (QCA, QCNE); volcan Chiles, rd. from Tulcan to Maldonado, 32 km W of the bridge at the W edge of Tulcan, 5 Mar 1992, V. A. Funk & M. Gavilanes 11075 (QCA, QCNE); volcan Chiles, rd. from Tulcan to Maldonado, 38 km W of the bridge at the W edge of Tulcan, 5 Mar 1992, V. A. Funk & M. Gavilanes 11078 (QCA, QCNE); El Angel-Tulcan, around laguna El Voladero, 0 ° 42 ' N, 77 ° 53 ' W, 9 Aug 1990, P. M. Jorgensen et al. 92321 (COL, QCA, QCNE); paramo El Angel, laguna S de El Voladero, 0 ° 37 ' N, 78 ° 26 ' W, 18 Dec 1990, S. Leon 1116 (QCA); paramo El Angel, laguna S de El Voladero, 0 ° 37 ' N, 78 ° 26 ' W, 1 Sep 1983, P. Mena 192 (QCA); paramo El Angel, laguna S de El Voladero, 0 ° 37 ' N, 78 ° 26 ' W, [without date], P. Mena 43 (QCA); Espejo, reserva ecologica El Angel, sitio de lagunas El Voladero, 0 ° 42 ' N, 77 ° 53 ' W, 31 Oct 1993, W. Palacios 11636 (QCNE); S slopes of volcan Chiles, 0 ° 49 ' N, 77 ° 57 ' W, 21 Oct 1987, P. M. Ramsay & P. J. Merrow-Smith 866 (QCA, QCNE); El Angel, 19 Aug 1999, M. Smeets & M. Lind van Wijngaarden 736 (QCA, QCNE); Espejo, asociacion 23 de Julio, 0 ° 43 ' N, 77 ° 55 ' W, 3 Aug 2003, D. Suarez, M. Chinchero & M. Cabascango 1325 (QCNE); Espejo, parroquia La Libertad, humedal Potrerillos, 0 ° 42 ' N, 77 ° 52 ' W, 3 Aug 2011, H. Valles & S. Chimbolema 373 (QCA); Chimborazo: eastern slope of Mount Chimborazo, 1 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 46 ' W, 24 Jul 1939, E. Asplund 7819 (LIL); Cordillera Oriental, paramo de la laguna Negra, al N y al E de Alao, 1 ° 46 ' S, 78 ° 26 ' W, 11 Aug 1959, H. G. Barclay & P. Juajibioy 8782 (COL); Colta, via Ambrosio Lazo, El Puyal, 1 ° 41 ' S, 78 ° 48 ' W, 2 May 2013, J. Caranqui, W. Haro & F. Salas 2182 (QCA); Alausi, laguna de Ozogoche, 2 ° 13 ' S, 78 ° 37 ' W, 10 Jul 2013, J. Caranqui 2439 (QCA); comunidad de Ambrosio Lazo, sector Patococha-Loma Caparina, 1 ° 44 ' S, 78 ° 53 ' W, 5 Jun 2009, D. Carate et al. 609 (QCA); comunidad de Ambrosio Lazo, quebrada Condor, sector Yurak Rume, 1 ° 43 ' S, 78 ° 54 ' W, 6 Jun 2009, D. Carate et al. 646 (QCA); comunidad de Ambrosio Lazo, Condor Alto, 1 ° 43 ' S, 78 ° 52 ' W, 7 Jun 2009, D. Carate et al. 675 (QCA); nev. Chimborazo, cerca al refugio, 1 ° 29 ' S, 78 ° 48 ' W, 13 Jul 2009, D. Carate et al. 950 A (QCA); SW slope of volcano Chimborazo, 1 ° 1 ' S, 78 ° 47 ' W, 27 Jun 2012, N. Morueta-Holme, K. Engemann & P. Sandoval 84 (QCA); El Altar, N side of the volcano, on the ridge below the Canoningo peak, 1 ° 41 ' S, 78 ° 24 ' W, 19 Aug 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 1039 (QCA); cerro Yanaurcu, on the W side of the N ridge of the mountain, 2 ° 14 ' S, 78 ° 30 ' W, 29 Oct 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 148 - 17 (QCA); W side of the Chimborazo volcano, 1 ° 28 ' S, 78 ° 52 ' W, 5 Jul 1999, P. Sklenar 7508 (QCA, QCNE); Cotopaxi: P. N. Cotopaxi, faldas N de Ruminahui, 0 ° 40 ' S, 78 ° 30 ' W, 28 Oct 1982, H. Balslev, J. Brandbyge & L. Coloma 3347 (QCA); around the Illiniza peaks, 4 - 10 mi. W from town of Magdalena, 0 ° 39 ' S, 78 ° 40 ' W, 2 Apr 1991, R. Bensman 370 (QCNE); entre Aucacocha y Tambo, 31 Dec 1983, J. Jaramillo 6297 (QCA); paramo de Quispicacha, E slope of loma Pucyucuchu, 1 ° 5 ' S, 78 ° 50 ' W, 24 Oct 2006, P. Sklenar 9086 (QCA, QCNE); paramo de Quispicacha, E slope of loma Pucyucuchu, 1 ° 5 ' S, 78 ° 50 ' W, 23 Oct 2006, P. Sklenar 9125 (QCA); paramo de Quispicacha, summit plateau of loma Pucyucuchu, 1 ° 5 ' S, 78 ° 50 ' W, 25 Oct 2006, P. Sklenar 9268 (QCA); Imbabura: Otavalo, reserva ecologica Cotacachi-Cayapas, SW base of Cotacachi mountain, 0 ° 25 ' N, 78 ° 20 ' W, 28 Apr 1996, J. L. Clark 2534 (QCNE); laguna de Mojanda, 0 ° 8 ' N, 78 ° 16 ' W, 13 Aug 1976, B. Ollgaard & H. Balslev 8749 (US); cuspide cerro Fuya-Fuya, al S de Otavalo, 0 ° 8 ' N, 78 ° 17 ' W, 27 Jan 1980, J. Jaramillo & F. Coello 2078 (QCA); Cotacachi, slopes of volcan Cotacachi, 0 ° 35 ' N, 78 ° 20 ' W, 11 Oct 1987, P. M. Ramsay & P. J. Merrow-Smith 759 (QCA, QCNE); nevado Cotacachi, on the SW side of the SE ridge of the volcano, 0 ° 21 ' N, 78 ° 21 ' W, 9 Sep 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 120 - 1 (QCA); cerro Imbabura, on the E side of the volcano, 0 ° 15 ' N, 78 ° 10 ' W, 5 Jun 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 31 - 20 (QCA); Loja: Loma del Oro cerca de Yacuambi, cerca de las lagunas de Condorcillo, 3 ° 34 ' S, 79 ° 4 ' W, 25 Oct 1997, R. Bussmann & S. Lange s. n. (HUTPL); Cajanuma, Podocarpus, camino a las lagunas del Compadre, 4 ° 7 ' S, 79 ° 9 ' W, 13 Dec 2017, J. Calvo 7681 (HUTPL); Jimbura-Zumba road, km 17, at small lake, 4 ° 44 ' S, 79 ° 25 ' W, 27 Jul 1990, P. M. Jorgensen, C. Ulloa & M. Gavilanes 92210 (QCA, QCNE); lagunas N of km 17 on road Jimbura-Zumba, 4 ° 43 ' S, 79 ° 26 ' W, 13 Aug 2001, S. Laegaard et al. 21588 (QCNE); Podocarpus N. P., along the trail from Nudo de Cajanuma towards lagunas Compadre, ca. 3 - 4 km from the refuge, 4 ° 7 ' S, 79 ° 9 ' W, 19 Aug 2004, P. Sklenar 8369 (QCA); Morona-Santiago: 24 km E of Gualaceo on rd. to Limon, at pass up rd. to tower, 3 ° 0 ' S, 78 ° 39 ' W, 25 Oct 1995, V. A. Funk & R. X. Zamora 11450 (QCA); cerros Yuibug-Pailacajas, E side of the mountain ridge, 1 ° 45 ' S, 78 ° 27 ' W, 30 Jul 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 2903 (QCA); W side of the rocky mountain ridge to the E of cerro Yuibug, 1 ° 44 ' S, 78 ° 27 ' W, 1 Aug 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3099 (QCA); Napo: Archidona, Sumaco Napo-Galeras N. P., Sumaco, crater, 0 ° 34 ' S, 77 ° 38 ' W, 16 Mar 1996, J. L. Clark 2219 (QCNE); rd. from Quito to Baeza, just at the pass, 0 ° 19 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 22 Feb 1992, V. A. Funk et al. 11024 (QCA, QCNE); SW-slope 1.5 km from cerro Quilindana, 0 ° 47 ' S, 78 ° 21 ' W, 1 Apr 1979, L. Holm-Nielsen 16403 (QCA, US); NW slope of Antisana, N of lago Mauca-Machay, 0 ° 26 ' S, 78 ° 9 ' W, 2 Nov 1979, L. Holm-Nielsen 20787 (QCA); cordillera de los Llanganates, loma between rio Muyu, rio Toro and rio Verde Grande, 5 km WNW of cerro Hermoso, 1 ° 12 ' S, 78 ° 19 ' W, 9 Nov 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen & J. Jaramillo 28223 (QCA); cordillera de los Llanganates, W shoulder of cerro Hermoso, 1.5 km W of the summit, 1 ° 13 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 11 Nov 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen & J. Jaramillo 28475 (QCA); cordillera de los Llanganates, shoulder of cerro Hermoso, 1.5 km W of the summit, 1 ° 13 ' S, 78 ° 18 ' W, 12 Nov 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen & J. Jaramillo 28722 (QCA); Antisana, Jan 1865, J. Isern 43 (MA); carretera Pifo-Papallacta, paramo de Guamani, 0 ° 19 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 15 Jan 1981, J. Jaramillo 4129 (QCA); paramo de Guamani, N of paso de La Virgen, 0 ° 17 ' S, 78 ° 10 ' W, 10 Jun 1984, S. Laegaard 52249 (QCA, QCNE); Archidona, volcan Sumaco, segunda cumbre cerca al crater, 0 ° 32 ' S, 77 ° 37 ' W, 19 Sep 2012, P. Lozano et al. 79 (QCA); 13.5 km W of Papallacta, 26 Mar 1972, B. MacBryde & J. D. Dwyer 1207 (QCA); Pisayambo, laguna Cochas Negras, 1 ° 6 ' S, 78 ° 19 ' W, 14 Jan 1999, B. Merino & A. Sanchez s. n. (LOJA [mixed with X. crassum subsp. crassum]); Llanganati, below summit of Pan de Azucar, 1 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 18 ' W, 15 May 1982, B. Ollgaard et al. 38552 (QCA); Llanganati, ridge between Pan de Azucar and Las Torres de Llanganati, 1 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 15 May 1982, B. Ollgaard et al. 38573 (QCA); paramo de Soguillas, near Las Torres de Llanganati, old crater ridge, 1 ° 8 ' S, 78 ° 15 ' W, 16 May 1982, B. Ollgaard & L. Holm-Nielsen 38755 (QCA); reserva ecologica Oyacachi, 0 ° 13 ' S, 78 ° 8 ' W, 16 Dec 2008, K. Romoleroux, D. Carate & L. E. Lopez 5355 (QCA); NE side of Antisana, 0 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 8 ' W, 1 Nov 2007, P. Sklenar & E. Rejzkova 10707 (QCA); volcan Antisana, W side of the mountain, 0 ° 30 ' S, 78 ° 10 ' W, 21 Jul 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 2810 (QCA); NE side of volcan Antisana, 0 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 8 ' W, 17 Aug 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3403 (QCA); NE side of volcan Antisana, 0 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 8 ' W, 17 Aug 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3422 (QCA); NE side of volcan Antisana, 0 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 8 ' W, 18 Aug 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3435 (QCA); NE side of volcan Antisana, 0 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 8 ' W, 18 Aug 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3538 (QCA); Quijos, reserva ecologica Antisana, paramo de Guamani, carretera Pifo-Papallacta, La Virgen, 0 ° 20 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 24 Jul 1998, H. Vargas, E. Narvaez & W. Quizhpe 1936 (QCNE); Tena, P. N. Llanganates, via Salcedo-Tena, de laguna Chaloa Cocha desvio a Rayo Filo, 0 ° 57 ' S, 78 ° 23 ' W, 20 Sep 1998, H. Vargas, E. Narvaez & S. Orellana 2679 (QCNE); Orellana: N side of cerro Sumaco, 100 m NW of campsite, 0 ° 32 ' S, 77 ° 37 ' W, 24 Apr 1979, L. Holm-Nielsen, J. Jaramillo & T. Vries 17109 (QCA); N side of cerro Sumaco, 100 m NW of campsite, 0 ° 32 ' S, 77 ° 37 ' W, 24 Apr 1979, L. Holm-Nielsen, J. Jaramillo & T. Vries 17126 (QCA); N side of cerro Sumaco, upper part of the loma NW of campsite, 0 ° 32 ' S, 77 ° 37 ' W, 25 Apr 1979, L. Holm-Nielsen, J. Jaramillo & T. Vries 17204 (QCA); S side of crater of cerro Sumaco, 0 ° 33 ' S, 77 ° 37 ' W, 26 Apr 1979, L. Holm-Nielsen, J. Jaramillo & T. Vries 17312 (QCA); Sumaco, 0 ° 32 ' S, 77 ° 37 ' W, Jun 1865, J. Isern 313 (MA); S side of cerro Sumaco, 100 - 200 m S of the main crater, 0 ° 33 ' S, 77 ° 37 ' W, 29 Apr 1979, B. Lojtnant & U. Molau 12942 (QCA); Pichincha: vicinity of Quito, Rucu Pichincha, 0 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 33 ' W, 31 Aug 1939, E. Asplund 8612 (LIL); Cordillera Oriental, entre Pifo y el boqueron de cerro Corrales, paramo de Guamani, 0 ° 19 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 15 Aug 1959, H. G. Barclay & P. Juajibioy 8900 (COL); flanco SW del volcan Sincholagua, 0 ° 35 ' S, 78 ° 21 ' W, 1 Jun 1985, J. Bosco 145 (QCA); faldas SE volcan Guagua Pichincha, proximidades del refugio, 0 ° 10 ' S, 78 ° 35 ' W, 25 May 1985, J. Bosco & M. Marcillo 72 B (QCA); entre Pifo y Papallacta, 0 ° 19 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 26 Nov 1977, S. Castroviejo, M. Costa & E. Valdes-Bermejo 1053 (MA); Ruminahui, bosque protector Pasochoa, linea de cumbre del Pasochoa, 0 ° 22 ' S, 78 ° 27 ' W, 17 Nov 1990, C. E. Ceron & R. Alarcon 12307 (QCNE); Cayambe, laguna San Marcos, 0 ° 7 ' N, 77 ° 57 ' W, 27 Dec 1999, B. Cuamacas & E. Gudino 473 (QCNE); Quito, parroquia Lloa, sector NE del volcan Guagua Pichincha, 0 ° 10 ' S, 78 ° 35 ' W, 12 Aug 2014, D. Fernandez et al. 1739 (QCNE); Quito, parroquia Lloa, sector NE del volcan Guagua Pichincha, 0 ° 10 ' S, 78 ° 35 ' W, 12 Aug 2014, D. Fernandez et al. 1743 (QCNE); Quito, volcan Atacazo, 0 ° 22 ' S, 78 ° 35 ' W, 28 Jun 2000, D. Fernandez, M. Cerna & P. Villacres 325 (QCNE); Atacazo, 0 ° 21 ' S, 78 ° 37 ' W, Sep 1928, F. G. Firmin 531 (US); road from Cayambe city to Mt. Cayambe, dirt / rock road high on Mt. Cayambe, W slope, 0 ° 0 ', 78 ° 1 ' W, 24 Apr 2018, V. A. Funk & J. M. Bonifacino 14094 (US); paramo de Guamani, carretera Quito-Pifo-Papallacta, 0 ° 23 ' S, 78 ° 9 ' W, 20 Oct 1990, E. Guerron 13 (QCA, QCNE); volcan Cayambe, S slope of the vulcanic cone, valley near road to refugio, 0 ° 3 ' S, 78 ° 0 ' W, 18 Jun 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen 24224 (QCA); volcan Cayambe, S slope of the vulcanic cone, near the refugio, 0 ° 2 ' S, 77 ° 59 ' W, 18 Jun 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen 24245 (QCA); volcan Iliniza, NE slope below the refugio, 0 ° 39 ' S, 78 ° 42 ' W, 13 Aug 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen, B. Ollgaard & C. Sperling 24899 (QCA); volcan Iliniza, NE slope below the refugio, 0 ° 38 ' S, 78 ° 42 ' W, 13 Aug 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen, B. Ollgaard & C. Sperling 24959 (QCA); volcan Iliniza, NE slope below the refugio, 0 ° 38 ' S, 78 ° 42 ' W, 13 Aug 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen, B. Ollgaard & C. Sperling 24982 (QCA); route de Tufino a Maldonado, 10 km apres Tufino, 6 Jul 1988, C. Huttel 1385 (QCA); Andium quitensium, crescit in jugis Andium, Dec 1860, W. Jameson s. n. (QPLS); via Chillogallo-San Juan, partidero desde la poblacion de San Juan hacia faldas del Atacazo " antenas militares ", 0 ° 20 ' S, 78 ° 36 ' W, 13 Jul 1980, J. Jaramillo & M. Lascano 3142 (QCA); NE Pasochoa, 0 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 28 ' W, 30 Jul 1980, J. Jaramillo, R. Narvaez & F. Coello 3168 (QCA); 1 km SE of Cayambe on road to hacienda Piemonte, 10 May 1990, R. M. King, P. M. Peterson & E. J. Judziewicz 10052 (QCA, QCNE); paramo de Guamani, paso de la carretera Quito-Baeza, 0 ° 19 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 25 Aug 1985, B. B. Larsen & B. Dall 190 (QCA); paramo de Guamani, carretera Pifo-Papallacta, km 27, 0 ° 19 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 13 Jan 1991, S. Leon 1135 (QCA); paramo de Guamani, carretera Pifo-Papallacta, km 27, 0 ° 19 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 13 Jan 1991, S. Leon 1136 (QCA); in m. Antisana, Sep 1897, L. Mille 469 (QPLS); upper SE slopes of Guagua Pichincha, between the refuge and the crater rim, 0 ° 11 ' S, 78 ° 36 ' W, 9 Jan 1988, U. Molau, B. Eriksen & B. B. Klitgaard 2403 (QCA, QCNE); faldas occidentales del volcan Antisana, 0 ° 28 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 4 Mar 1984, L. Munoz 339 (QCA); volcan Cayambe, N slopes, along road to the antenna, 0 ° 5 ' N, 77 ° 59 ' W, 9 Jul 1980, B. Ollgaard et al. 34196 (QCA); road Olmedo-laguna San Marcos, E of the pass, 0 ° 7 ' N, 77 ° 59 ' W, 10 Jul 1980, B. Ollgaard et al. 34456 (QCA); paramo de Guamani, laguna de Hoyas, 0 ° 15 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 8 Aug 1987, P. M. Ramsay & P. J. Merrow-Smith 186 (QCA, QCNE); paramo de Guamani, 0 ° 15 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 7 Oct 1987, P. M. Ramsay & P. J. Merrow-Smith 726 (QCA, QCNE); W side of a mountain ridge ca. 2 km to the W from cerro SaraUrcu, 0 ° 6 ' S, 77 ° 57 ' W, 29 Aug 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 100 - 11 (QCA); W side of a mountain ridge ca. 2 km to the W from cerro SaraUrcu, 0 ° 6 ' S, 77 ° 57 ' W, 30 Aug 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 111 - 7 (QCNE); nevado Cayambe, SW slopes left from the road to the refuge, 0 ° 1 ' N, 78 ° 1 ' W, 1 Jul 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 49 - 16 (QCA); nevado Cayambe, SW slopes left from the road to the refuge, 0 ° 1 ' N, 78 ° 1 ' W, 1 Jul 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 51 - 9 (QCNE); Cotopaxi volcano, on the N side of the mountain, 0 ° 39 ' S, 78 ° 25 ' W, 28 Jun 1999, P. Sklenar 7328 (QCA, QCNE); NE slopes of Rucu Pichincha, 0 ° 10 ' S, 78 ° 34 ' W, 18 May 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 8 - 1 (QCNE); in pasc. andin. m. Rucu Pichincha, Jul 1871, L. Sodiro 61 / 3 (QPLS); cerro Atacazo, pendiente N cumbre Atacazo, 0 ° 20 ' S, 78 ° 36 ' W, 18 Jun 1983, B. Treiber de Espinosa 101 (QCA); volcan Cayambe, cerca del refugio, 0 ° 0 ', 78 ° 1 ' W, 6 Oct 2010, C. Ulloa et al. 2416 (QCA); Sucumbios: parroquia El Playon de San Francisco, 0 ° 36 ' N, 77 ° 40 ' W, 16 Oct 2008, D. Reyes et al. 3688 (QCNE); Tungurahua: paramo del Caryhuayrazo, lado SW, entrando por el arenal del Chimborazo, 1 ° 24 ' S, 78 ° 48 ' W, 1 Aug 1988, C. E. Ceron, M. Ceron & G. Viteri 4397 (QCNE); paramo del Caryhuayrazo, lado SW, entrando por el arenal del Chimborazo, 1 ° 24 ' S, 78 ° 48 ' W, 1 Aug 1988, C. E. Ceron, M. Ceron & G. Viteri 4408 (QCNE); paramo del Caryhuayrazo, lado SW, entrando por el arenal del Chimborazo, 1 ° 24 ' S, 78 ° 48 ' W, 1 Aug 1988, C. E. Ceron, M. Ceron & G. Viteri 4423 (QCNE); Santiago de Pillaro, paramos de Pisayambo, alrededor de la laguna de Pisayambo, 1 ° 5 ' S, 78 ° 23 ' W, 9 Oct 1998, E. Cueva 207 (QCNE); cordillera de los Llanganates, Achiriqui, paramo de Jaramillo, 12.7 km NW of cerro Hermoso, 1 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 21 ' W, 7 Nov 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen & J. Jaramillo 28012 (QCA); cordillera de los Llanganates, N end of the loma between rio Muyu and rio Verde Grande, 5.5 km WNW of cerro Hermoso, 1 ° 12 ' S, 78 ° 19 ' W, 9 Nov 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen & J. Jaramillo 28183 (QCA); cordillera de los Llanganates, N end of the loma between rio Muyu and rio Verde Grande, 5.5 km WNW of cerro Hermoso, 1 ° 12 ' S, 78 ° 19 ' W, 9 Nov 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen & J. Jaramillo 28186 (QCA); cordillera de los Llanganates, S side of laguna Verde at cerro Hermoso, 1.8 km from the summit, 1 ° 14 ' S, 78 ° 18 ' W, 11 Nov 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen & J. Jaramillo 28423 (QCA); cordillera de los Llanganates, paramo de Jaramillo, 12 km NW of cerro Hermoso, 1 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 21 ' W, 14 Nov 1980, L. Holm-Nielsen & J. Jaramillo 28781 (QCA); paramo de Jaramillo, 2 Nov 1984, J. Jaramillo 7359 (QCA); Santiago de Pillaro, P. N. Llanganates, desde el rio Millin hasta la colina Ashpachaca, 1 ° 8 ' S, 78 ° 22 ' W, 12 Oct 1998, E. Narvaez & W. Quizhpe 302 (QCNE); Santiago de Pillaro, P. N. Llanganates, W of cerro Hermoso, near saddle between headwaters of rio Verde and rio Topo, 1 ° 11 ' S, 78 ° 19 ' W, 12 Nov 1999, D. Neill et al. 11959 (QCNE); Santiago de Pillaro, P. N. Llanganates, SW ridge of cerro Hermoso, 1 ° 13 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 14 Nov 1999, D. Neill et al. 12077 (QCNE); Santiago de Pillaro, P. N. Llanganates, SW ridge of cerro Hermoso, 1 ° 13 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 14 Nov 1999, D. Neill et al. 12095 (COL, QCNE); Santiago de Pillaro, P. N. Llanganates, SW ridge of cerro Hermoso, 1 ° 13 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 14 Nov 1999, D. Neill et al. 12112 (COL, QCA, QCNE); Ambato, ladera NW del cerro Carihuairhazo, 1 ° 23 ' S, 78 ° 45 ' W, 2 Feb 2012, K. Romoleroux & G. Peyre 5756 (QCA); P. N. Llanganates, 1 ° 7 ' S, 78 ° 21 ' W, 15 Feb 2009, S. Salgado 686 (QCA); volcan Tungurahua, N side of the mountain, trail to the summit, 1 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 27 ' W, 8 Aug 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3246 (QCA); cerro Hermoso, SW ridge of the mountain, 1 ° 14 ' S, 78 ° 18 ' W, 6 Sep 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3604 (QCA); cerro Hermoso, SW ridge of the mountain, 1 ° 14 ' S, 78 ° 18 ' W, 6 Sep 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3632 (QCA); Patate, P. N. Llanganates, faldas del cerro Pan de Azucar, en el trayecto paramo de Soguillas-cerro Pan de Azucar, 1 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 13 Oct 1998, H. Vargas, J. C. Ronquillo & N. Granda 2837 (QCNE); Patate, P. N. Llanganates, faldas del cerro Pan de Azucar, en el trayecto paramo de Soguillas-cerro Pan de Azucar, 1 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 13 Oct 1998, H. Vargas, J. C. Ronquillo & N. Granda 2838 (QCNE); Patate, P. N. Llanganates, alrededores de la laguna Pan de Azucar, 1 ° 9 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 14 Oct 1998, H. Vargas, J. C. Ronquillo & N. Granda 2869 (QCNE); Zamora-Chinchipe: cordillera de Sabanilla, cerca de la carretera Jimbura-Zumba, alrededor de la laguna Negra, 4 ° 42 ' S, 79 ° 25 ' W, 22 Oct 1996, R. Bussmann & S. Lange s. n. (HUTPL, QCNE). Peru. Ancash: cordillera Blanca, quebrada Illanro, nevado Portachuelo, north side to west of glacier, 9 ° 2 ' S, 77 ° 35 ' W, 13 Jul 1979, M. Gibby & J. A. Barrett 185 (BM); Carhuaz, Huascaran N. P., quebrada Ulta, below Ulta pass, 9 ° 7 ' S, 77 ° 31 ' W, 28 Jul 1985, D. N. Smith 11323 (F, MO, USM); Cajamarca: surroundings of Cajamarca, Jan 1986, B. Becker & F. M. Terrones 303 (LPB); surroundings of Cajamarca, 29 Jan 1986, B. Becker & F. M. Terrones 328 (LPB); Tingo, minas Conga, 6 ° 55 ' S, 78 ° 21 ' W, 3 Oct 2005, A. Granda 2491 (MOL); Junin: Jauja, encima de la hacienda Runatullu, 11 ° 39 ' S, 74 ° 58 ' W, 23 Apr 1913, A. Weberbauer 6628 (MOL, USM); San Martin: Mariscal Caceres, valle al oeste del campamento Chochos en el P. N. del rio Abiseo, 7 ° 37 ' S, 77 ° 28 ' W, 28 Jun 1996, A. Cano et al. 7388 (USM).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
9692537403875357A453E8FAC13D939D.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of rather decumbent stems. Rhizomes 4 - 8 x 0.4 - 0.6 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 4 - 8 cm tall, simple or branched, glabrous, with leaves rather uniformly arranged along it. Leaves imbricate, extending into a glabrous sheath-like base; leaf laminas 3.2 - 7.3 x 1.4 - 1.9 mm, linear-oblong, 3 - notched at the apex, sometimes with the central lobe wider than lateral ones (rarely subentire), entire, obtusely triangular to slightly curved forwards in cross section, glabrous, unconspicuously nerved above, 1 - nerved beneath, fleshy, matte; leaf lobes 0.5 - 1 x 0.5 - 0.6 mm, obtuse to truncate. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres 6.4 - 8.3 x 4.6 - 6.1 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 8 to 9, 3.1 - 4.3 x 1.1 - 2.6 mm, obtuse at the apex, greenish. Ray florets 8 to 13; corollas 6.2 - 8.9 x 0.6 - 1.2 mm, 2 to 4 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets 26 to 37; corollas 4.4 - 5 mm long, pale yellow to creamy; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, purplish. Achenes 2.3 - 2.4 x 0.8 - 0.9 mm, cylindrical, ca. 8 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 4.8 - 8 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown. Fig. 19 C.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
9692537403875357A453E8FAC13D939D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Restricted to northern Chile, northwestern Argentina, and southwestern Bolivia. Argentina (Jujuy, Salta), Bolivia (Potosi), Chile (Antofagasta). This species grows along the banks of salt lagoons and desert plains with a certain humidity of the dry and desertic puna ecoregions, between elevations of (2600 -) 3500 - 4900 m (Fig. 17).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
9692537403875357A453E8FAC13D939D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet incisum means sharply and deeply cut into, which describes the leaf apex of this species. However, its leaf apex is rather notched (shallowly cut into).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
9692537403875357A453E8FAC13D939D.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Argentina. Jujuy: Susques, a 30 km de Jama, entre Jama y Susques, 23 ° 28 ' S, 66 ° 56 ' W, 22 Jan 2000, A. Bardon s. n. (LIL); Achibarca, 23 ° 41 ' S, 66 ° 52 ' W, 11 Mar 1927, A. Castellanos s. n. (BA); bolson del Vilama, 22 ° 35 ' S, 66 ° 56 ' W, 28 Sep 1939, J. S. Collan 44 (LIL); Salta: Tusle [Tuzgle], pr. mina Concordia, 24 ° 10 ' S, 66 ° 24 ' W, 29 Oct 1901, R. E. Fries 707 (US); abra del Gallo, ca. 40 km al SW de S. Antonio de los Cobres, en el camino a Pastos Grandes, 24 ° 21 ' S, 66 ° 30 ' W, 17 Dec 1946, A. Krapovickas 3209 (K, LIL). Bolivia. Potosi: Sud Lipez, laguna Verde 36 km hacia laguna Colorada, 22 ° 30 ' S, 67 ° 37 ' W, 28 Apr 2000, S. G. Beck 27510 (LPB); Nor Lipez, ruta laguna Hedionda-Alota, 23 km de laguna Hedionda, 21 ° 32 ' S, 67 ° 52 ' W, 23 Sep 2006, S. G. Beck 32410 (LPB, USM); Sud Lipez, laguna Pastos Grandes, al E de la laguna, 21 ° 36 ' S, 67 ° 44 ' W, 20 May 1989, E. Garcia 1101 (LPB, USM); Sud Lipez, cerro Tapaquillcha, 21 ° 31 ' S, 67 ° 53 ' W, 13 Apr 1980, M. Liberman 206 (LPB). Chile. Antofagasta: El Loa, salar de Quisquiro, 23 ° 17 ' S, 67 ° 21 ' W, Jan 1997, G. Arancio 10676 (CONC); El Loa, sector N del salar de Aguas Calientes, 23 ° 4 ' S, 67 ° 22 ' W, Jan 1997, G. Arancio 10697 (CONC); El Loa, salar de Aguas Calientes, 23 ° 27 ' S, 67 ° 37 ' W, 17 Mar 1992, G. Arancio 92 - 341 (CONC); El Loa, camino de San Pedro de Atacama a paso Jama, quebrada Llano Vilama, 22 ° 53 ' S, 68 ° 6 ' W, 6 Apr 1997, M. Arroyo, L. Cavieres & A. Humana 97217 (CONC); El Loa, ojos del rio Salado, pequeno salar en el extremo N, 23 ° 21 ' S, 67 ° 22 ' W, 8 Apr 1997, M. Arroyo, L. Cavieres & A. Humana 97276 (CONC, MA); El Loa, salar Quisquiro, lado E, 23 ° 18 ' S, 67 ° 18 ' W, 8 Apr 1997, M. Arroyo, L. Cavieres & A. Humana 97315 (CONC); El Loa, cerro Nevados de Poquis, ladera SO, 23 ° 4 ' S, 67 ° 4 ' W, 9 Apr 1997, M. Arroyo, L. Cavieres & A. Humana 97373 (CONC); El Loa, salar de Aguas Calientes, 23 ° 7 ' S, 67 ° 26 ' W, 11 Apr 1997, M. Arroyo, L. Cavieres & A. Humana 97463 (CONC); El Loa, laguna El Chivato Muerto, 23 ° 26 ' S, 67 ° 26 ' W, 14 Feb 1994, G. Baumann 352 (CONC); salar de Ascotan, 21 ° 31 ' S, 68 ° 20 ' W, 19 Jan 1957, F. Behn 19596 (CONC); Antofagasta, Loa, Toconao, N del salar de Quisquiro, quebrada de Taina, 23 ° 11 ' S, 67 ° 19 ' W, 4 Mar 2019, J. Calvo 7914 (CONC, SGO); Antofagasta, Loa, San Pedro de Atacama, Machuca-El Tatio, ca. 6.2 km al S de El Tatio, 22 ° 23 ' S, 68 ° 1 ' W, 5 Mar 2019, J. Calvo 7924 (SGO); salar de Ascotan, along the margins of the salar, 21 ° 2 ' S, 68 ° 28 ' W, 4 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & J. M. Bonifacio 13077 (US); salar de Ascotan, along the margins of the salar, 21 ° 2 ' S, 68 ° 28 ' W, 4 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & J. M. Bonifacio 13078 (US); salar de Tara, 23 ° 2 ' S, 67 ° 20 ' W, 7 Dec 1988, A. Hoffmann s. n. (CONC); Cebollar, entre el salar de Ascotan y el salar de San Martin, 21 ° 26 ' S, 68 ° 23 ' W, 20 Feb 1964, C. Marticorena, O. Matthei & M. Quezada 405 (CONC); vegas del rio Zapaleri, 22 ° 57 ' S, 67 ° 13 ' W, 18 Dec 1996, A. Moreira-Munoz 257 (CONC); borde W salar de Tara, 23 ° 0 ' S, 67 ° 16 ' W, 18 Dec 1996, A. Moreira-Munoz 289 (CONC); borde sur salar de Tara, 22 ° 59 ' S, 67 ° 18 ' W, 18 Dec 1996, A. Moreira-Munoz 298 (CONC); Mucar [laguna], 23 ° 21 ' S, 67 ° 6 ' W, 14 Dec 1965, L. Pena 5 (CONC); Machuca, 22 ° 35 ' S, 68 ° 3 ' W, 18 Feb 1885, F. Philippi s. n. (GB); Tarapaca [without locality and date, probably a duplicate of Philippi 18 Feb 1885], F. Philippi s. n. (US); El Loa, San Pedro de Atacama, Socaire, laguna Sico, 23 ° 52 ' S, 67 ° 19 ' W, 5 Apr 1997, S. Teillier 4058 (CONC); El Loa, salar de Ascotan, 21 ° 31 ' S, 68 ° 20 ' W, Feb 1997, S. Teillier 4226 (CONC); El Loa, trayecto entre Talabre y laguna Lejia, 23 ° 21 ' S, 67 ° 48 ' W, 2 Apr 1998, C. Villagran, F. Hinojosa & C. Latorre 9321 (CONC).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
A941181E69725160AFA2D07A3E26241A.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of erect stems. Rhizomes 5 - 10 x 0.4 - 0.6 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 8 - 15 cm tall, usually simple, glabrous, with leaves uniformly arranged along it. Leaves imbricate, adpressed to the stem, extending into a glabrous sheath-like base; leaf laminas 5 - 7 x 1.1 - 2 mm, linear-triangular, rather acute at the apex, minutely, irregularly denticulate, obtusely triangular in cross section, glabrous, 1 - nerved above (barely visible), 1 - nerved beneath, fleshy, drying coriaceous, matte. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres 7 - 7.7 x 4 - 6.2 mm, narrowly cupuliform; involucral bracts 8 to 11, 2.8 - 3.4 x 1.8 - 2.8 mm, acute at the apex, dark-purplish. Ray florets 8 to 13; corollas 4.5 - 5.5 x 0.4 - 0.7 mm, unconspicuously veined, subentire to slightly 3 - toothed at the apex, not surpassing the involucre, yellow. Disc florets 28 to 36; corollas 5.5 - 5.7 mm long, yellow; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, yellowish. Achenes 3.4 - 3.9 x 0.8 - 1 mm, cylindrical, 7 to 8 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 5.2 - 9 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown. Figs 2 C, 16.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
A941181E69725160AFA2D07A3E26241A.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Southern Peru to northern Chile. Bolivia (Oruro, Potosi), Chile (Antofagasta, Arica-Parinacota, Tarapaca [expected]), Peru (Tacna). It grows in exposed places on rocky and sandy soils of the dry and desertic puna ecoregions, between elevations of 4000 - 5200 m (Fig. 17). Most populations of this species are located between eastern Tacna (Peru), northeastern Arica-Parinacota (Chile), and northwestern Oruro (Bolivia). However, a few collections are from further south (northeastern Antofagasta in Chile and western Potosi in Bolivia). Its presence in the Chilean region of Tarapaca is expected.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
A941181E69725160AFA2D07A3E26241A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. It is named after the genus Juniperus L. (Cupressaceae) due to the leaves of this species resembling those of some species belonging to the mentioned genus.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
A941181E69725160AFA2D07A3E26241A.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Bolivia. Oruro: Sajama, cerca 8 km SO hacia la quebrada de Tirallani (pasando quebrada Sururia), 18 ° 9 ' S, 68 ° 52 ' W, 25 Mar 2005, S. G. Beck 31109 (LPB); Sajama, subiendo al cerro Sajama, desde la quebrada Tirallani, 18 ° 9 ' S, 68 ° 52 ' W, 27 Mar 2005, S. G. Beck 31148 (LPB); Sajama, de Tambo Quemado 10 km hacia Chachacomani y subiendo sobre una mina de azufre, sobre el glaciar Acotango, 18 ° 21 ' S, 69 ° 17 ' W, 14 Mar 2012, S. G. Beck 32750 (LPB, US); Sajama, de Tambo Quemado 10 km hacia Chachacomani y subiendo sobre una mina de azufre, sobre el glaciar Acotango, 18 ° 21 ' S, 69 ° 17 ' W, 14 Mar 2012, S. G. Beck 32753 (LPB); Sajama, de Tambo Quemado 10 km hacia Chachacomani y subiendo sobre una mina de azufre, sobre el glaciar Acotango, 18 ° 21 ' S, 69 ° 17 ' W, 14 Mar 2012, S. G. Beck 32757 (LPB); P. N. Sajama, 5 km antes de la entrada para el pueblo de Sajama, 18 ° 10 ' S, 68 ° 57 ' W, 15 Nov 1999, G. Bourdy 2197 (LPB); Sajama, S side of nev. Sajama just below snowline on E side of rio Sururia, N walk up from 4300 m where rd. circles nev., 18 ° 8 ' S, 68 ° 53 ' W, 19 Apr 1995, V. A. Funk 11352 (LPB, US); Sajama, ladera Sajama, 18 Aug 1982, E. Jordan 158 (LPB, US); Sajama, S del nevado Sajama, 18 ° 7 ' S, 68 ° 52 ' W, 17 Mar 1984, M. Liberman 812 (LPB, US); Sajama, Turco, 18 ° 11 ' S, 68 ° 12 ' W, 1993, J. Mallea 15 (LPB); Sajama, Turco, 18 ° 11 ' S, 68 ° 12 ' W, 1993, J. Mallea 24 (LPB); Sajama, nevado Sajama, 18 Aug 1982, X. Menhofer 1506 (LPB, US); Sajama, Berg noerdl. volcan Payachatas, 18 ° 9 ' S, 69 ° 6 ' W, 17 Sep 2001, B. J. Ruthsatz 10539 (LPB); Sajama, Chachacomani, Acotango, 18 ° 21 ' S, 69 ° 2 ' W, 23 Sep 2001, B. J. Ruthsatz 10549 (LPB); Potosi: Daniel Campos, a 11 km al W de San Pedro Quemes, 20 ° 44 ' S, 68 ° 8 ' W, 21 Jun 1999, C. Salles 229 (LPB). Chile. Antofagasta: El Loa, trayecto entre cerro Carasilla y salar Ascotan, ladera exposicion N, 21 ° 41 ' S, 68 ° 17 ' W, 28 Mar 1985, M. Arroyo, C. Villagran & J. Armesto 85 - 394 B (CONC); Ollaguee, volcan Aucanquilcha, ladera E, cerca de la linea del andarivel abandonado, 21 ° 11 ' S, 68 ° 25 ' W, 23 Apr 2019, J. Calvo & A. Moreira-Munoz 7930 (CONC, SGO); Arica-Parinacota: Parinacota, cerro Guane Guane, 18 ° 10 ' S, 69 ° 15 ' W, 20 Apr 1980, M. Arroyo, C. Villagran & J. Moreno 2623 A (CONC); Parinacota, camino desde Pacollo hasta nevados de Putre, 18 ° 4 ' S, 69 ° 29 ' W, 15 Apr 1984, M. Arroyo 84 - 857 (CONC); Parinacota, cerro Choquelimpie, 18 ° 16 ' S, 69 ° 13 ' W, 19 Apr 1984, M. Arroyo 84 - 912 (CONC); Tacora, 14 km hacia Aguas Calientes, despues 1 km mas arriba, 17 ° 42 ' S, 69 ° 48 ' W, 11 Feb 2015, S. G. Beck 34533 (LPB); Parinacota, camino entre Pacollo y Colpitas, 18 ° 5 ' S, 69 ° 18 ' W, 18 Jan 2000, E. Belmonte 20005 (CONC, MA); Parinacota, quebrada Vilasamanani, 18 ° 18 ' S, 69 ° 32 ' W, 15 Dec 1988, E. Belmonte 88619 (CONC); Parinacota, quebrada Ichusgualla, 18 ° 12 ' S, 69 ° 34 ' W, 16 Dec 1988, E. Belmonte 88635 (CONC); above road to Tacora (rt. A 23), slope of co. de Llancoma, 18 ° 8 ' S, 69 ° 32 ' W, 7 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & J. M. Bonifacio 13103 (US); NW slope of Volcan Tarapaca along small trail to the snow line, 18 ° 6 ' S, 69 ° 31 ' W, 9 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & J. M. Bonifacio 13136 (US); cerro Chapiquina, sobre el portezuelo, antenas, 18 ° 19 ' S, 69 ° 29 ' W, 9 Jun 2012, A. Moreira-Munoz 1936 (SGO); bajando desde Portezuelo Taapaca hacia Putre, en el limite comunal, 18 ° 6 ' S, 69 ° 32 ' W, 20 Oct 2012, A. Moreira-Munoz et al. 2037 (SGO, US); pasado Azufrera Tacora, 17 ° 42 ' S, 69 ° 49 ' W, 17 Mar 2015, A. Moreira-Munoz & F. Luebert 2408 (SGO); Aguas Calientes, Tacora, 17 ° 43 ' S, 69 ° 49 ' W, 17 Sep 1955, M. Ricardi 3377 (CONC); Aguas Calientes, volcan Tacora, 17 ° 43 ' S, 69 ° 49 ' W, 19 Sep 1955, M. Ricardi 3405 (CONC); nevados de Putre, cerro Taapaca, 18 ° 6 ' S, 69 ° 32 ' W, 15 Apr 2011, S. Teillier & A. Buben 6579 (CONC). Peru. Tacna: Tarata, Poma, carretera Tarata-Puno, 17 ° 25 ' S, 69 ° 56 ' W, 4 Dec 1997, A. Cano 7946 (USM); Tarata, cordillera del Barroso, 17 ° 33 ' S, 69 ° 51 ' W, 29 Mar 1998, A. Cano 8244 (USM); 32 km N of Tarata, ca. 50 km S of abra Livini (Puno), road from Tarata to Mazo-Cruz (Puno), rd. 36, 17 ° 26 ' S, 69 ° 57 ' W, 11 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13139 (US, USM); Tarata, laguna Casire [Casiri], 17 ° 25 ' S, 69 ° 49 ' W, 3 Apr 1998, M. I. La Torre 2375 (USM); Pasan los Vientos, cordillera del Barroso, 7 Dec 1997, J. Roque et al. 538 (US, USM); Tarata, cordillera del Barroso, carretera Alto Peru-Palca, 17 ° 33 ' S, 69 ° 51 ' W, 7 Dec 1997, J. Roque 559 (USM [mixed with X. poposa]); Tarata, cordillera del Barroso, carretera Alto Peru-Palca, 17 ° 33 ' S, 69 ° 51 ' W, 7 Dec 1997, J. Roque 560 (USM).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
1464463C88DC5CC3832495B48B570E53.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Argentina. Catamarca: El Cajon, Negroara, 15 Jan 1914, L. Castillon 3365 (holotype: LIL- 26677!; isotypes: BM s. n.!, BR s. n.!, US- 00622893!, W- 334!).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
1464463C88DC5CC3832495B48B570E53.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of erect stems. Rhizomes 5 - 10 x 0.6 - 0.8 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 10 - 20 cm tall, branched, glabrous, usually with leaves restricted to the upper part. Leaves imbricate, extending into a sheath-like base glabrescent or with evanescent arachnoid trichomes; leaf laminas 7.9 - 11.5 x 2.3 - 2.7 mm, linear, broadened at the apex, 3 - notched at the apex, with the central lobe longer than lateral ones, entire, curved forwards in cross section, glabrous, unconspicuously nerved on both faces, fleshy, matte; central leaf lobe 1 - 1.6 mm long (lateral ones 0.5 - 0.8 mm long), 1.3 - 1.6 mm wide at the maximum width point, entire or barely notched, obtuse. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres 10.3 - 10.9 x 6.6 - 8.7 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts ca. 13, 5.9 - 7 x 1.4 - 2.5 mm, obtuse at the apex, greenish. Ray florets 26 to 39; corollas 8.3 - 9.2 x 1.1 - 1.4 mm, 4 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets 40 to 57; corollas 4.2 - 5.5 mm long, yellowish; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, yellowish. Achenes 2.5 - 3.1 x 0.7 - 0.9 mm, cylindrical, 8 to 9 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 4.3 - 6.1 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown. Figs 19 A, 21.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
1464463C88DC5CC3832495B48B570E53.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic to Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman). This species grows in exposed rocky slopes and on bare soils of the dry puna ecoregion, between elevations of 3500 - 5000 m (Fig. 20).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
1464463C88DC5CC3832495B48B570E53.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet lorochaqui is the vernacular name of this plant and it means parrot's foot (" loro " from Spanish: parrot; " chaqui " from Quichua: foot). It probably responds to the resemblance of the leaves with a parrot's foot.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
1464463C88DC5CC3832495B48B570E53.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Argentina. Jujuy: Tumbaya, cerro Moreno, 23 ° 46 ' S, 65 ° 44 ' W, 7 Feb 1929, S. Venturi 9289 (US); Salta: Cafayate, sierra de los Quilmes, 26 ° 11 ' S, 66 ° 4 ' W, 28 Jan 1943, A. Castellanos s. n. (BA); abra del Gallo, ca. 40 km al SW de S. Antonio de los Cobres, en el camino a Pastos Grandes, 24 ° 20 ' S, 66 ° 30 ' W, 17 Dec 1946, A. Krapovickas 3215 (LIL, SI); nevado del Cajon, 26 ° 8 ' S, 66 ° 13 ' W, 1 Mar 1914, D. Rodriguez 1382 (BA, BR); Tucuman: cerro Munoz, 26 ° 52 ' S, 65 ° 50 ' W, Jan 1916, L. Castillon s. n. (BR [mixed with X. poposa]); Tafi, cumbres de San Jose (La Mina), 26 ° 41 ' S, 65 ° 40 ' W, Mar 1933, Diaz s. n. (GH, LIL); Tafi, cumbre de Chasquivil, 26 ° 41 ' S, 65 ° 40 ' W, 12 Jan 1945, D. Olea 252 (LIL); Chicligasta, estancia Las Rosas, 15 Jan 1927, S. Venturi 6342 (US); Tafi, sierra del Cajon, Los Chuscos, 7 Feb 1926, S. Venturi 6647 (US).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
7D1FCF8DC682594EA57C07E540CDFCF1.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming dense mats or hummocks, with rhizome-like stems up to 8 cm long covered with old leaves, rather erect, simple or branched from the base. Stems 1 - 2 cm tall (aerial part), glabrous. Leaves densely imbricate, extending into a glabrous sheath-like base; leaf laminas 3.3 - 7.6 x 1.7 - 2.6 mm, triangular, acute at the apex, denticulate in the upper half, rather flat in cross section, glabrous, 1 - nerved above (barely visible), 1 - nerved beneath, rather fleshy, matte. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile to subsessile. Involucres 8.8 - 10.8 x 5.7 - 10 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 13 to 15, 4.8 - 6.7 x 1.8 - 2.2 mm, acute at the apex, greenish to dark-purplish. Ray florets 14 to 21; corollas 7.4 - 12.9 x 1.6 - 2.3 mm, 3 to 4 - veined, subentire to 2 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets 35 to 48; corollas 5 - 6.2 mm long, yellowish; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, purplish. Achenes 2.8 - 3 x ca. 1 mm, cylindrical, ca. 7 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 5 - 8.8 mm long, barbellate, whitish to partially purple-colored. Chromosome number unknown. Fig. 14.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
7D1FCF8DC682594EA57C07E540CDFCF1.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Central Peru to northern Bolivia. Bolivia (La Paz), Peru (Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Huanuco, Junin [expected], Lima, Moquegua [expected], Pasco [expected], Puno). It grows on exposed rocky slopes and cryoturbated soils of the subhumid and humid puna ecoregions, between elevations of 4550 - 5350 m (Fig. 15).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
7D1FCF8DC682594EA57C07E540CDFCF1.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The adjective marcidus - a - um means withered. It probably refers to the fact that a large proportion of the stem bears marcescent leaves and the green ones are restricted to the distal part.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
7D1FCF8DC682594EA57C07E540CDFCF1.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Bolivia. La Paz: Murillo, nev. Charquini, above aqueduct on N facing slope, 16 ° 17 ' S, 68 ° 6 ' W, 12 Apr 1995, V. A. Funk & N. Bernal 11285 (LPB, US); Bautista Saavedra, Charazani, miterhalb Medallani, 15 ° 4 ' S, 69 ° 6 ' W, 17 Feb 1994, B. Herzog 795 (LPB); Murillo, subida del paso de Zongo (acueducto), al nev. Charquini, 16 ° 17 ' S, 68 ° 6 ' W, 30 Jul 1982, X. Menhofer 1461 (LPB, US); Murillo, paso de Zongo, nev. Charquini, 16 ° 17 ' S, 68 ° 6 ' W, 1 Aug 1982, X. Menhofer 1461 A (LPB); Franz Tamayo, Pelechuco, al N en linea recta a 0.58 km del campamento Chocollo, 14 ° 43 ' S, 69 ° 13 ' W, 25 Nov 2017, F. Zenteno, D. Villalba & L. Mamani 21274 (LPB). Peru. Ancash: Recuay, carretera a Pachacoto, abra de Yanashallash, 9 ° 50 ' S, 77 ° 8 ' W, 28 May 2001, A. Cano 11496 (USM); Carhuaz, Huascaran N. P., lateral valley of quebrada Ishinca, trail to lago Ishinca, 9 ° 23 ' S, 77 ° 25 ' W, 12 Feb 1985, D. N. Smith, R. Valencia & A. Gonzales 9469 (LPB, MO, QCA, USM); collado sobre el rio Pumapampa, 18 Mar 1983, O. Tovar et al. 9627 (USM); collado encima rio Pumapampa, 18 Mar 1983, O. Tovar et al. 9666 (USM); nevado de Cajat, entre Huaraz-La Union, 22 Mar 1983, O. Tovar et al. 9842 (USM); Arequipa: Castilla, Orcopampa, minas de Poracota, quebrada Huamanihuayta, 15 ° 13 ' S, 72 ° 30 ' W, 20 Apr 2011, H. Beltran 7101 (USM); Ayacucho: Ayacucho, abra Apacheta, camino a Pars, 13 ° 25 ' S, 74 ° 40 ' W, 4 Aug 2010, A. Cano, W. Mendoza & A. Delgado 19760 (USM [mixed with Werneria orbignyana Wedd.]); Huancavelica: Huachocolpa, alrededores de la unidad minera Caudalosa, 13 ° 4 ' S, 75 ° 0 ' W, 23 Mar 2015, P. Gonzales 3544 (USM); San Jose de Acobambilla, top of quebrada Ocrococha, 12 ° 40 ' S, 75 ° 22 ' W, 12 Aug 1961, J. R. Lloyd & J. K. Marshall 309 (K); Huanuco: Dos de Mayo, Lauricocha, 10 ° 18 ' S, 76 ° 39 ' W, 1955, A. Cardich 208 (USM); Dos de Mayo, Gayco, 10 ° 24 ' S, 76 ° 46 ' W, Apr 1956, A. Cardich 217 (USM); Lima: Huarochiri, desvio de carretera central hacia Chinchan y Marcapomacocha, 11 ° 34 ' S, 76 ° 15 ' W, 23 Sep 2014, H. Beltran & W. Aparco 7750 (USM); Oyon, encima de mina Uchuchacua, parte mas alta por carretera, 10 ° 36 ' S, 76 ° 40 ' W, 5 Apr 2015, H. Beltran & W. Aparco 7769 (USM); Huarochiri, Chicla, abra Anticona (Ticlio), 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 29 Apr 2017, H. Beltran, S. Castillo & M. Arakaki 7986 (USM); Ticlio bajo, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 16 May 1959, L. Diers 940 (USM); Huarochiri, San Damian, Chanape, 11 ° 53 ' S, 76 ° 15 ' W, 5 Jul 2013, P. Gonzales & B. Brito 2632 (USM); Anticona, pequeno arroyo con orientacion SW, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 5 Aug 2012, E. Linares & A. Galan 3077 (USM); Puno: Carabaya, Corani, Minaspata, 14 ° 1 ' S, 70 ° 41 ' W, 15 Oct 2017, P. Gonzales 3832 (USM); San Antonio de Esquilache, 16 ° 6 ' S, 70 ° 17 ' W, 18 May 1937, D. Stafford 749 (K).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
67068DE136E75A8B878297F7AD27F1D4.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of erect stems (rarely dense mats). Rhizomes 4 - 10 x 0.3 - 0.7 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrescent. Stems 2 - 15 cm tall, simple or branched, arachnoid, usually with functional green leaves restricted to the upper part. Leaves imbricate, extending into a sheath-like base that bears arachnoid trichomes; leaf laminas 2.5 - 7.1 x 0.5 - 1.1 mm, linear, rounded to truncate or 2 to 3 - notched at the apex (usually white callous-tipped), entire, rather terete in cross section, glabrous, unconspicuously nerved on both faces, fleshy, matte; leaf lobes (when present) 0.6 - 1.5 x 0.3 - 0.4 mm, rounded to truncate, usually white callous-tipped. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres (3.3 -) 5.6 - 8 x (2.7 -) 3 - 5.3 mm, narrowly cupuliform; involucral bracts 8 to 9, (1.1 -) 1.6 - 3.9 x 0.7 - 2.1 mm, acute to obtuse at the apex, greenish to partially dark-purplish. Ray florets 8 to 11; corollas 3.6 - 8.9 x 0.5 - 1.2 mm, 4 - veined (sometimes unconspicuous), subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets 7 to 18; corollas 3.2 - 5.9 mm long, whitish to creamy (rarely purplish); style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, purplish. Achenes 2.8 - 2.9 x 0.7 - 0.8 mm, cylindrical, ca. 7 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus (2.3 -) 4.1 - 5 mm long, barbellate, whitish to partially rose-colored. Figs 18, 19 B.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
67068DE136E75A8B878297F7AD27F1D4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Central Peru to northwestern Argentina. Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Tucuman), Bolivia (Oruro, Potosi), Chile (Antofagasta, Arica-Parinacota, Tarapaca [expected]), Peru (Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cusco, Junin, Lima, Moquegua, Puno [expected], Tacna). It grows in rocky outcrops, grasslands, exposed slopes, and flat sandy pampas of the subhumid, dry, and desertic puna ecoregions, between elevations of (2600 -) 3000 - 5200 m (Fig. 20).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
67068DE136E75A8B878297F7AD27F1D4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet poposa is the vernacular name of this plant as Philippi (1891) stated in the protologue " ubi Poposa vocabatur " [called poposa]. He also added " infusum plantae contra dolores colicos propinant " [for relieving stomach cramps and colic] referring to its medicinal properties. It is important to underline that poposa is a noun in apposition not to be declined. The correct epithet is, therefore, poposa instead of the widely misapplied poposum (Funk 1997 a; Freire and Ariza-Espinar 2014; Beltran 2016).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
67068DE136E75A8B878297F7AD27F1D4.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Argentina. Catamarca: El Cajon, Negroara, 26 ° 24 ' S, 66 ° 22 ' W, 17 Jan 1914, L. Castillon 3360 (LE, LIL); Andalgala, quebrada de los Cazadores, 27 ° 21 ' S, 66 ° 8 ' W, 23 Nov 1948, R. Filipovich 61 (LIL); Ambato, sierra de Ambato (falda E), el creston del cerro Manchado, en los alrededores de La Mancha, 28 ° 14 ' S, 66 ° 1 ' W, 28 Mar 1968, A. T. Hunziker & A. E. Cocucci 20019 (RB); Cerrillos, 1 Mar 1944, T. Meyer 8282 (LIL); Sierra de Ambato, Portezuelo de Joyango, 28 ° 6 ' S, 66 ° 2 ' W, 15 Feb 1910, L. Roger s. n. (LIL); Andalgala, co. Pabellon (Aconquija), 27 ° 13 ' S, 66 ° 6 ' W, 19 Feb 1942, E. Rohmeder s. n. (LIL); Andalgala, cerro Pabellon, 27 ° 13 ' S, 66 ° 6 ' W, 16 Feb 1942, E. Rohmeder s. n. (LIL); cerro Tesoro, 27 ° 7 ' S, 66 ° 3 ' W, 7 Sep 1950, F. Vervoorst 749 (LIL); Jujuy: Susques, cerro Tuzgle, 24 ° 3 ' S, 66 ° 29 ' W, 2 Mar 1944, A. L. Cabrera 8370 (CONC); Yavi, cerro Negro, 22 ° 33 ' S, 65 ° 33 ' W, 25 Feb 1940, T. Meyer 18476 (LIL); Tumbaya, Piedra Sonada, 24 ° 21 ' S, 65 ° 37 ' W, 19 Sep 1948, S. A. Pierotti 7508 (LIL); Yavi / Sta. Victoria, cerro Poposayo, cumbre, 22 ° 15 ' S, 65 ° 15 ' W, 1 Feb 1953, H. Sleumer 3684 (LIL); La Rioja: Famatina, Sierra de Famatina, mina La Mejicana, 29 ° 0 ' S, 67 ° 46 ' W, 27 Apr 1951, B. Sparre 8827 (LIL); Sierra de Famatina, 1 May 1903, T. Stuckert 13110 (LIL); Salta: abra el Acay, 24 ° 26 ' S, 66 ° 14 ' W, 20 Feb 2007, S. Cuello 154 (LIL); Rosario de Lerma, Piedra Sonada, 24 ° 21 ' S, 65 ° 37 ' W, 19 Sep 1948, S. A. Pierotti 7496 (LIL); Nevado del Cajon, 26 ° 8 ' S, 66 ° 13 ' W, 1 Mar 1914, D. Rodriguez 1383 (BA); Caldera, subida al Nevado del Castillo cerca de Tres Lagunas, 24 ° 13 ' S, 65 ° 51 ' W, 16 Mar 1952, H. Sleumer & F. Vervoorst 3015 (LIL); Tucuman: Tafi del Valle, cerro Alto de la Mina, cumbres Calchaquies, 26 ° 36 ' S, 65 ° 43 ' W, 19 Feb 1990, H. Ayarde 369 (LIL); cerro de las Animas, 27 ° 2 ' S, 65 ° 57 ' W, 3 Jan 1914, L. Castillon 3302 (LIL); cerro Munoz, 26 ° 52 ' S, 65 ° 50 ' W, Jan 1916, L. Castillon s. n. (BR [mixed with X. lorochaqui]); ladera NE del Chimberia, circo del Cochuna, 27 ° 14 ' S, 66 ° 7 ' W, 26 Jul 1984, A. Grau s. n. (LIL); Tafi, cerro de las Animas, 27 ° 2 ' S, 65 ° 57 ' W, Dec 1914, M. Lillo s. n. (LIL); Tafi, Calchaquies, morro de la Mina, 26 ° 36 ' S, 65 ° 43 ' W, 9 Mar 1952, B. Sparre 9734 (LIL); Chicligasta, estancia Las Pavas-Sierras Altas, 27 ° 8 ' S, 66 ° 1 ' W, 12 Mar 1924, S. Venturi 2964 (CONC, LIL, US); Chicligasta, cumbre alta del Pueblo Viejo, 15 Dec 1925, S. Venturi 4643 (LIL); Tafi, sierra del Cajon, Los Chuscos, 7 Feb 1926, S. Venturi 6646 (US). Bolivia. Oruro: Sajama, cerro Jasasuni, 18 ° 9 ' S, 68 ° 52 ' W, 27 Mar 2005, S. G. Beck 31142 (LPB); Sajama, S side of nev. Sajama just below snowline on E side of rio Sururia, N walk up from 4300 m where rd. circles nev., 18 ° 8 ' S, 68 ° 53 ' W, 19 Apr 1995, V. A. Funk 11351 (LPB, US); Sebastian Pagador, valley above and E of pueblo of Condo, S of Challapata and E of Huari, 19 ° 0 ' S, 66 ° 40 ' W, 21 Apr 1995, V. A. Funk & M. Estarez 11360 (LPB); Eduardo Abaroa, Challapata, localidad Livichuco, camino a cerro Toro, arriba de la laguna K'asiri, 18 ° 57 ' S, 66 ° 24 ' W, 29 Feb 2016, I. Jimenez et al. 7981 (LPB, USM); Eduardo Abaroa, Challapata, localidad Livichuco, camino a cerro Toro, arriba de la laguna K'asiri, 18 ° 57 ' S, 66 ° 24 ' W, 29 Feb 2016, I. Jimenez et al. 7989 (LPB); Eduardo Abaroa, Azanaque, 18 ° 56 ' S, 66 ° 42 ' W, 3 Mar 2016, I. Jimenez & R. Villegas 8127 (LPB); Sajama, Turco, 18 ° 11 ' S, 68 ° 12 ' W, 1993, J. Mallea 22 (LPB); altiplano central, commune de Condo, 19 ° 2 ' S, 66 ° 44 ' W, 7 Apr 1989, L. Naessany 15 (LPB, US); Cruce Culta, 19 ° 2 ' S, 66 ° 15 ' W, 23 Feb 2016, F. Zenteno 16550 (USM); Avaroa, Livichuco, K'asiri, en linea recta a 6.93 km al SSE, Ayllu Qaqachaqa, 18 ° 56 ' S, 66 ° 24 ' W, 29 Feb 2016, F. Zenteno et al. 16836 (USM); Potosi: cordillera Kari Kari, aprox. 3.3 km arriba de la laguna San Sebastian, 19 ° 36 ' S, 65 ° 41 ' W, 13 Feb 2019, J. Calvo & M. Zarate 7869 (BOLV, LPB); cerro of Potosi, Mar 1933, M. Cardenas 362 (US); Antonio Quijarro, Vilacollo, loma cerca al lago K'asilla, 22 Dec 2005, S. Condo Klaus 15 (LPB); prov. Quijarro, Yura, 20 ° 2 ' S, 66 ° 10 ' W, Apr 1973, E. T. de Sahonero s. n. (US); Sud Lipez, cerro Tapaquillcha, 21 ° 31 ' S, 67 ° 53 ' W, 11 Apr 1980, M. Liberman 152 (LPB); Jose M. Linares Lizarazu, comunidad Alkatuyo, cerro Ichurata, 53 km SE de Potosi, 17.3 km al N de la escuela de Alkatuyo, 19 ° 53 ' S, 65 ° 33 ' W, 20 May 1993, F. Marino 183 (LPB); Sud Lipez, Tapaquillcha, 21 ° 31 ' S, 67 ° 53 ' W, 2 Oct 2001, B. J. Ruthsatz 10570 (LPB); SE de Uyuni, 5 May 1993, M. Sauvain 828 (LPB); Tomas Frias, serrania Kari-Kari, alrededores de lagunas de Kari-Kari, 19 ° 36 ' S, 65 ° 41 ' W, 28 Feb 2006, M. Zarate 2212 (BOLV). Chile. Antofagasta: El Loa, quebrada del Inca, cerro Aucanquilcha, 21 ° 14 ' S, 68 ° 28 ' W, 2 Apr 1985, M. Arroyo 85 - 595 (CONC); El Loa, camino a portezuelo del Cajon, cerro Toco, ladera N, 22 ° 55 ' S, 67 ° 46 ' W, 3 Apr 1997, M. Arroyo, L. Cavieres & A. Humana 97022 (CONC); El Loa, sector geiser del Tatio, hacia al E, casi en el limite con Bolivia, 22 ° 20 ' S, 67 ° 59 ' W, 19 May 1997, M. Baeza, P. Aqueveque & G. Kottirsch 588 (CONC); Chiu Chiu, Inacaliri, cerros de Colana, 21 ° 56 ' S, 68 ° 7 ' W, 15 May 2018, J. Calvo 7731 (CONC, SGO); Loa, Toconao, cordon S de los cerros de La Pacana, 23 ° 9 ' S, 67 ° 26 ' W, 4 Mar 2019, J. Calvo 7909 (SGO); Ollaguee, volcan Aucanquilcha, ladera NE, cerca del campamento Aucanquilcha, 21 ° 11 ' S, 68 ° 26 ' W, 23 Apr 2019, J. Calvo & A. Moreira-Munoz 7935 (SGO); El Loa, Toconce, 22 ° 15 ' S, 68 ° 10 ' W, Apr 1993, L. Loyola 93 - 4 (CONC); Arica-Parinacota: Parinacota, cerro Guane Guane, 18 ° 10 ' S, 69 ° 15 ' W, 18 Apr 1980, M. Arroyo, C. Villagran & J. Moreno 2622 (CONC); Parinacota, cerro Choquelimpie, 18 ° 16 ' S, 69 ° 13 ' W, 19 Apr 1984, M. Arroyo 84 - 913 (CONC); Parinacota, Guane Guane, 18 ° 10 ' S, 69 ° 15 ' W, 7 Apr 1988, E. Belmonte 88090 (CONC); bajando desde Portezuelo Taapaca hacia Putre, en el limite comunal, 18 ° 6 ' S, 69 ° 32 ' W, 20 Oct 2012, A. Moreira-Munoz et al. 2038 (SGO); Las Cuevas, Chaku Vilanunumani, 18 ° 11 ' S, 69 ° 26 ' W, 20 Mar 2015, A. Moreira-Munoz & F. Luebert 2469 (SGO); Las Cuevas, antes del Chaku, 18 ° 11 ' S, 69 ° 25 ' W, 20 Mar 2015, A. Moreira-Munoz & F. Luebert 2471 (SGO); arriba de Las Cuevas, cerro Milagro, 18 ° 13 ' S, 69 ° 27 ' W, 19 Jun 2015, A. Moreira-Munoz 2500 (SGO); Aguas Calientes, Tacora, 17 ° 43 ' S, 69 ° 49 ' W, 17 Sep 1955, M. Ricardi 3370 (CONC). Peru. Arequipa: Castilla, Orcopampa, minas de Poracota, alrededor de laguna Tintarcocha, 15 ° 12 ' S, 72 ° 32 ' W, 20 Apr 2011, H. Beltran 7102 (USM); La Union, Cotahuasi, 15 ° 14 ' S, 72 ° 52 ' W, 30 Jun 2002, F. Caceres 2807 (HUSA, USM); Caylloma, 15 ° 38 ' S, 71 ° 35 ' W, 19 Mar 2006, F. Caceres 5508 (HUSA); dist. Chiguata, 16 ° 24 ' S, 71 ° 22 ' W, 29 Jun 2006, F. Caceres 5732 (HUSA); Chiguata, faldas del nevado Pichu Pichu, 16 ° 23 ' S, 71 ° 17 ' W, 25 Apr 2004, V. Quipuscoa et al. 2947 (HSP); Castilla, Tapay, cerro Blanco, Apacheta, 17 Sep 2011, N. Vega 1785 (USM); Ayacucho: Coracora, Parinacochas, Alqaywacho, Hurayhuma, 14 ° 38 ' S, 73 ° 36 ' W, 13 May 2000, F. Pietrellini 193 (USM); Cusco: Espinar, hda. Kachcachi (Uchupata), 14 ° 52 ' S, 71 ° 20 ' W, 22 Jun 1956, C. Vargas 11222 (CUZ, LPB, US); Junin: cordilleras entre Huancayo y Yauyos, 12 ° 11 ' S, 75 ° 38 ' W, [without date], A. Weberbauer s. n. (MOL); Lima: Huarochiri, Huachupampa, 11 ° 43 ' S, 76 ° 33 ' W, 28 Aug 1993, J. Alban & G. Yarupaitan 8094 (USM); Yauyos, Laraos, camino Jalcacha a Palca, 12 ° 20 ' S, 75 ° 43 ' W, 25 May 1995, H. Beltran 1715 (USM); Yauyos, Laraos, camino de Jalcacha a Palca, 12 ° 24 ' S, 75 ° 45 ' W, 4 Nov 1992, H. Beltran 414 (USM); Huarochiri, Huillpa, 11 ° 51 ' S, 76 ° 21 ' W, [without date], I. Espinoza 70 (USM); Huarochiri, San Damian, Chanape, 11 ° 53 ' S, 76 ° 15 ' W, 5 Jul 2013, P. Gonzales & B. Brito 2642 (USM); Huarochiri, San Pedro de Casta, 11 ° 45 ' S, 76 ° 35 ' W, Dec 1982, A. Holzapfel 17 (USM); Auquimarca, 10 ° 24 ' S, 76 ° 59 ' W, Jan 1949, A. Peraldo 3794 (LIL); Canta, Mishquipuquio, cerca a Canta, 11 ° 34 ' S, 76 ° 33 ' W, Aug 1949, S. Sanchez 36 (USM); Canta, Lachaqui, Cieneguilla por el camino a Tararhua, 22 Jul 2001, G. Vilcapoma 5540 (USM); Canta, Huascoy, 11 ° 17 ' S, 76 ° 45 ' W, 27 Oct 1974, P. Waechter s. n. (USM); Huarochiri, San Juan de Iris, 11 ° 41 ' S, 76 ° 31 ' W, 18 Aug 1993, G. Yarupaitan & J. Alban 1065 (USM); Huarochiri, Huachupampa, lugar conocido como Armas, 11 ° 43 ' S, 76 ° 33 ' W, 4 Jul 1993, G. Yarupaitan & J. Alban 954 (USM); Moquegua: Mariscal Nieto, Carumas, cerca a un acueducto, 16 ° 50 ' S, 70 ° 31 ' W, 15 Jun 2013, H. Beltran 7736 (USM); across the carretera-binacional from laguna Suches, 9 km to the W from the turn off to laguna Suches, 16 ° 53 ' S, 70 ° 26 ' W, 12 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13147 (US, USM); across the carretera-binacional from laguna Suches, 9 km to the W from the turn off to laguna Suches, 16 ° 53 ' S, 70 ° 26 ' W, 12 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13148 (US, USM); across the carretera-binacional from laguna Suches, 9 km to the W from the turn off to laguna Suches, 16 ° 53 ' S, 70 ° 26 ' W, 12 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13149 (USM); across the carretera-binacional from laguna Suches, 10 km to the W from the turn off to laguna Suches, 16 ° 53 ' S, 70 ° 26 ' W, 12 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13150 (US); across the carretera-binacional from laguna Suches, 10 km to the W from the turn off to laguna Suches, 16 ° 53 ' S, 70 ° 26 ' W, 12 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13151 (US); area between the carretera-binacional and the interoceanica sur, on unpaved road that connects the two main roads and borders a large bofedal, 16 ° 50 ' S, 70 ° 32 ' W, 12 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13155 (US, USM); near unpaved road in mining concession, 16 ° 39 ' S, 70 ° 1 ' W, 15 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13167 (US, USM); above unpaved mining road that is high above the valley [pr. Paripina, according to coordinates], 16 ° 38 ' S, 70 ° 1 ' W, 15 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13168 (USM); General Sanchez Cerro, Ubinas, cumbre nevada del cerro Pirhuani Querala, 16 ° 9 ' S, 70 ° 43 ' W, 7 Apr 2011, D. Montesinos 3098 (HSP, USM); General Sanchez Cerro, Yunga, Choco-Choco, 16 ° 15 ' S, 70 ° 37 ' W, 11 Sep 2012, D. Montesinos 3933 (USM); General Sanchez Cerro, Ubinas, Chaclaya, parte baja del cerro Chaclaya, 16 ° 10 ' S, 70 ° 53 ' W, 14 Sep 2005, D. Montesinos 549 (USM); Mariscal Nieto, Calacoa, faldas Ticsani, SE, 16 ° 44 ' S, 70 ° 35 ' W, 4 Mar 2018, D. Montesinos & J. Calvo 6004 (HSP); Tacna: Tarata, Poma, carretera Tarata-Puno, 17 ° 25 ' S, 69 ° 56 ' W, 4 Dec 1997, A. Cano 7944 (USM); Tarata, Poma, carretera Tarata-Puno, 17 ° 25 ' S, 69 ° 56 ' W, 4 Dec 1997, A. Cano 7953 (USM); 32 km N of Tarata, ca. 50 km S of abra Livini (Puno), road from Tarata to Mazo-Cruz (Puno), rd. 36, 17 ° 26 ' S, 69 ° 57 ' W, 11 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13138 (US, USM); rd. from Tarata to abra Livini (Puno), 0.5 km before intersection with rt. 36, 17 ° 25 ' S, 69 ° 56 ' W, 11 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & E. Cochachin 13142 (US); Tarata, cordillera del Barroso, carretera Alto Peru-Palca, 17 ° 33 ' S, 69 ° 51 ' W, 7 Dec 1997, J. Roque 559 (USM [mixed with X. juniperinum]); bajando de Livini hacia Tarata, 17 ° 26 ' S, 70 ° 0 ' W, 28 Nov 1959, C. Vargas 13016 (CUZ, LPB, US).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
4610516D344A5869BFAB108791C74E27.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of erect stems. Rhizomes 5 - 8 x 0.4 - 0.6 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 5 - 12 cm tall, simple or branched, glabrous, usually with leaves restricted to the upper part. Leaves imbricate, extending into a glabrous sheath-like base; leaf laminas 6 - 9.6 x 2 - 3.8 mm, linear-spatulate (broadened upwards), 3 - forked at the apex (incision depth 1 / 8 - 1 / 7 of the total length), entire, sometimes with some minute cilia in the lower half, flat to elliptic or almost terete upwards in cross section, glabrous, 1 - nerved above (barely visible), 1 - nerved beneath, fleshy, matte; leaf lobes 1.3 - 2.6 x 1 - 1.6 mm, acute to mucronate (rarely notched). Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres 7 - 8.4 x 5.2 - 8 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 10 to 11, 3.4 - 3.9 x 2 - 2.8 mm, obtuse at the apex, greenish. Ray florets 20 to 25; corollas 7.1 - 8.2 x 1 - 1.2 mm, 3 to 4 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets 29 to 33; corollas 4.2 - 5.1 mm long, yellowish; style branches penicillate, purplish. Achenes 2.3 - 2.5 x 0.5 - 0.7 mm, cylindrical, 7 to 9 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 5.2 - 7.1 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown. Fig. 22.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
4610516D344A5869BFAB108791C74E27.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic to Argentina (Jujuy, Salta). It grows in rocky slopes on rather wet soils of the dry puna ecoregion, between elevations of 3700 - 5125 m (Fig. 23).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
4610516D344A5869BFAB108791C74E27.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet pseudodigitatum refers to the resemblance between this species and X. digitatum. It probably responds to the fact that both species have 3 - forked leaves.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
4610516D344A5869BFAB108791C74E27.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Argentina. Jujuy: Humahuaca, mina Aguilar, 23 ° 12 ' S, 65 ° 43 ' W, 11 Jan 1968, A. L. Cabrera et al. 19009 (SI); mina Aguilar, abra Aguilar, 23 ° 9 ' S, 65 ° 42 ' W, 19 Feb 1969, A. L. Cabrera, J. Crisci & R. Kiesling 19843 (C); Volcan, abra del Cordoba, 23 ° 53 ' S, 65 ° 34 ' W, Feb 1922, L. Castillon 1761 (LIL); Estacion Volcan, 23 ° 53 ' S, 65 ° 34 ' W, Feb 1920, L. Castillon 7140 (A, F); El Aguilar, oberhalb, 5 ° E. Hochandine Polsterflur, 23 ° 11 ' S, 65 ° 42 ' W, 1 Feb 1971, H. Ellenberg 4295 (US); Tilcara, subida a la abra de Remate, 23 ° 32 ' S, 65 ° 16 ' W, 15 Feb 1953, A. Fiebrig s. n. (LIL); near mina La Esperanza, just before entrance to town of El Aguilar, side rd. to mina La Esperanza, 23 ° 10 ' S, 65 ° 43 ' W, 9 Mar 1993, V. A. Funk & L. Katinas 11157 (US); rd. to mina La Esperanza, 23 ° 10 ' S, 65 ° 43 ' W, 9 Mar 1993, V. A. Funk & L. Katinas 11169 (US); Humahuaca, mina Aguilares, arriba de la mina, 23 ° 11 ' S, 65 ° 43 ' W, 29 Mar 1952, E. Petersen & J. P. Hjerting 159 (C, LIL); Humahuaca, subida al cerro Aguilar, 23 ° 11 ' S, 65 ° 43 ' W, 17 Jan 1953, H. Sleumer 3448 (LIL); Humahuaca, cerro Aguilar, cumbre, 23 ° 11 ' S, 65 ° 43 ' W, 17 Jan 1953, H. Sleumer 3452 (LIL); Tilcara, cumbre del cerro, 23 ° 36 ' S, 65 ° 28 ' W, 3 May 1927, S. Venturi 6254 (US).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
60E31C7DA3B75FF5AD8E682FA5E32085.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming mats or hummocks, with rhizome-like stems up to 16 cm long covered with matted lanate indumentum and leaf bases, rather erect, simple or branched from the base. Stems 2.5 - 4 cm tall (aerial part), lanate. Leaves stellate-imbricate, extending into a sheath-like base that bears long silky trichomes; leaf laminas 12.6 - 13.5 x 2.3 - 2.4 mm, linear, obtuse at the apex, entire, elliptical in cross section, glabrous, unconspicuously nerved above, 1 - nerved beneath (only visible in the lower half), fleshy, drying coriaceous, rather matte, papillose. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile, completely enclosed among the leaves. Involucres 11.5 - 12.8 x 7.2 - 11.3 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts ca. 13, 6.9 - 8.5 x 1.7 - 2 mm, rather acute at the apex, dark-purplish. Ray florets ca. 13; corollas 9.6 - 11 x 1.5 - 1.9 mm, 4 to 6 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets 38 to 41; corollas 5.1 - 6.2 mm long, whitish, usually yellow-tipped; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes or slightly penicillate, purplish. Achenes 2.9 - 3.8 x 1 - 1.1 mm, cylindrical, white-villous with trichomes ca. 1 mm long (ribs invisible); pappus 6.8 - 8.4 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown. Fig. 11.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
60E31C7DA3B75FF5AD8E682FA5E32085.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic to Ecuador (Bolivar, Chimborazo, Cotopaxi, Napo, Pichincha, Tungurahua). It grows in rocky outcrops and on sandy soils, rather dry, around the upper limit of vegetation of the superparamo ecoregion, at elevations of (3500 -) 3900 - 5100 m (Fig. 12).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
60E31C7DA3B75FF5AD8E682FA5E32085.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet rigidum means stiff, inflexible and it describes the leaves of this species.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
60E31C7DA3B75FF5AD8E682FA5E32085.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Ecuador. Bolivar: volcan Chimborazo, W side of the mountain, ca. 4 km from the road Ambato-Guaranda, 1 ° 28 ' S, 78 ° 48 ' W, 14 Sep 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 1274 (QCA); Chimborazo: southern slope of Mount Chimborazo, 1 ° 29 ' S, 78 ° 48 ' W, 18 Aug 1939, E. Asplund 8391 (CAS, US); comunidad de Ambrosio Lazo, sector Patococha-Loma Caparina, 1 ° 44 ' S, 78 ° 53 ' W, 5 Jun 2009, D. Carate et al. 593 (QCA); rd. to el refugio, ca. 17 km from Ambato-Guaranda rd., 0.5 km from refugio Whymper, 1 ° 28 ' S, 78 ° 50 ' W, 21 Oct 1995, V. A. Funk 11422 (US); Mt. Chimborazo, along road toward los refugios del Chimborazo, near the end of the access road at the superparamo, near camping spaces, 1 ° 28 ' S, 78 ° 50 ' W, 20 Apr 2018, V. A. Funk & J. M. Bonifacino 14053 (US); cerca del refugio E. Whymper, lado SW del Chimborazo, 1 ° 28 ' S, 78 ° 50 ' W, 14 Oct 1980, S. Halloy B- 182 (NY); Chimborazo, Nov 1864, J. Isern 83 (C, MA); E side of the Chimborazo volcano, top of the terminal moraine around a small glacial lake, 1 ° 28 ' S, 78 ° 46 ' W, 4 Jul 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 2228 (QCA, US); W side of the Chimborazo volcano, 1 ° 28 ' S, 78 ° 52 ' W, 5 Jul 1999, P. Sklenar 7538 (QCA); S side of Chimborazo volcano, 1 ° 28 ' S, 78 ° 51 ' W, 1 Nov 2006, P. Sklenar 9338 (QCA); Cotopaxi: around the Illiniza peaks, 4 mi. W of town of Magdalena, 0 ° 39 ' S, 78 ° 40 ' W, 2 Apr 1991, R. Bensman 358 (QCNE); paramo de Quispicacha, summit plateau of loma Pucyucuchu, 1 ° 5 ' S, 78 ° 50 ' W, 25 Oct 2006, P. Sklenar 9269 (QCA, QCNE); Iliniza, slope along the main pathway to the saddle, 0 ° 39 ' S, 78 ° 42 ' W, 5 Dec 2010, V. Zeisek 13161 (QCA); Napo: Antisana, Oct 1923, H. E. Anthony & G. H. H. Tate 316 (US); Mount Antisana, 17 Aug 1955, E. Asplund 17334 (NY); Antisana, 13 Aug 1979, J. Black 163 (AAU); Quijos, reserva ecologica Antisana, faldas SW del volcan Antisana, 0 ° 29 ' S, 78 ° 10 ' W, 28 Nov 1998, A. Freire & L. Haro 2953 (QCNE, US); on south side of western glacier Antisana, 19 Jul 1960, P. J. Grubb et al. 569 (NY); on boggy plain above hacienda Antisana, 8 Aug 1960, P. J. Grubb et al. 704 (K); lado WNW del Antisana, 0 ° 28 ' S, 78 ° 9 ' W, 3 Feb 1980, S. Halloy B- 62 (LIL); paramo nordwestlich von Antisana, 27 Mar 1934, E. Heinrichs 652 (MA); Quijos, reserva ecologica Antisana, SW slopes of volcan Antisana, just 100 m below glacier, 0 ° 29 ' S, 78 ° 9 ' W, 28 Nov 1998, D. Neill et al. 11495 (QCNE); volcan Antisana, W side of the mountain, 0 ° 30 ' S, 78 ° 10 ' W, 21 Jul 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 2793 (QCA); Quijos, reserva ecologica Antisana, faldas occidentales del volcan Antisana, NE de laguna Santa Lucia, 0 ° 28 ' S, 78 ° 10 ' W, 1 Aug 1998, H. Vargas & E. Narvaez 2113 (QCNE, US); Quijos, reserva ecologica Antisana, faldas SW del volcan Antisana, 0 ° 30 ' S, 78 ° 10 ' W, 28 Nov 1998, H. Vargas & E. Narvaez 3103 (QCNE, US); Quijos, reserva ecologica Antisana, faldas SW del volcan Antisana, 0 ° 30 ' S, 78 ° 10 ' W, 28 Nov 1998, H. Vargas & E. Narvaez 3117 (QCNE, US); Antisana, west side, Mar 1880, E. Whymper s. n. (BM); Pichincha: Mt. Antisana, 16 Jul 1939, E. K. Balls 7308 (K); Antisana, falda WSW, 14 Sep 1986, A. Ehrenburg 172 (QCA); faldas occidentales del volcan Antisana, 0 ° 28 ' S, 78 ° 12 ' W, 8 Mar 1984, L. Munoz 365 (LOJA, QCA); Tungurahua: Mocha, ca. 2 km NW of the mountain Carihuairazo, 1 ° 24 ' S, 78 ° 47 ' W, 23 Apr 1995, J. L. Clark 725 (COL, QCNE).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
F612FD8DFD0951AA804F4B7D397D746D.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of erect stems. Rhizomes 6 - 10 x 0.4 - 0.5 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 4 - 8 cm tall, simple or branched, glabrous, usually with leaves restricted to the upper part. Leaves imbricate, extending into a glabrous sheath-like base; leaf laminas 7 - 11 x 3 - 4.5 mm, linear-spatulate (broadened upwards), 2 - forked at the apex (incision depth ca. 1 / 3 of the total length), entire, flat to elliptic or almost terete upwards in cross section, glabrous, 1 - nerved above (barely visible), 1 - nerved beneath, fleshy, matte; leaf lobes 2.3 - 4.5 x 1 - 1.5 mm, acute to obtuse. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres 11 - 13.2 x 8 - 10 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 11 to 12, 5.6 - 7.2 x 1.9 - 3.2 mm, rather acute at the apex, greenish, purple-edged. Ray florets ca. 18; corollas ca. 9.2 x 1.7 mm, 3 to 4 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets ca. 50; corollas 5 - 5.1 mm long, yellowish; style branches penicillate, purplish. Achenes ca. 3.5 x 0.9 mm, cylindrical, 6 to 8 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 8 - 10 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
F612FD8DFD0951AA804F4B7D397D746D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Restricted to northwestern Argentina and southwestern Bolivia. Argentina (Jujuy, Salta [expected]), Bolivia (Potosi). It grows in wet meadows and rocky places of the dry puna ecoregion, between elevations of 4600 - 5200 m (Fig. 20). Xenophyllum rosenii is hitherto known from very few gatherings, i. e., the type locality in Jujuy (Argentina) plus two collections from southern Sur Lipez (Bolivia). Jorgensen (2014) also indicated this species from Oruro (Bolivia) on the basis of a misidentified collection that actually corresponds to X. digitatum (Liberman 352, LPB).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
F612FD8DFD0951AA804F4B7D397D746D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. It is named after Eric von Rosen (1879 - 1948), a Swedish aristocrat, explorer, and ethnographer.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
F612FD8DFD0951AA804F4B7D397D746D.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Bolivia. Potosi: Sur Lipez, San Antonio de Lipez, 21 ° 52 ' S, 66 ° 56 ' W, 1966, A. F. G. Cope s. n. (K, US); Sud Lipez, 5.5 mi SW of San Antonio de Lipez (Viejo) on road towards Quetena Grande, 21 ° 52 ' S, 66 ° 56 ' W, 20 Mar 1993, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng & S. Laegaard 13040 (US).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
332245BD861F575AB2E0391CC4102A94.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming dense mats or hummocks, with rhizome-like stems up to 6.5 cm long covered with matted lanate indumentum and leaf bases, rather erect, simple or branched from the base. Stems 1.5 - 2 cm tall (aerial part), lanate. Leaves stellate-imbricate, extending into a sheath-like base that bears long silky trichomes, usually with the leaf lamina spreading at nearly 90 ° from the sheath-like base; leaf laminas 4.6 - 10.6 x 1.3 - 1.5 mm, linear, obtuse, callous-like tipped at the apex (the young ones usually bearing a quickly deciduous arista up to 0.5 mm long), entire, elliptical to almost terete in cross section (rather flat when dried), glabrous, unconspicuously nerved above, 1 - nerved beneath (barely visible; in dried specimens the nerves are noticeable on both faces), fleshy, matte, papillose. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres 10 - 12 x 7.9 - 8 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts ca. 13, 5.5 - 7.6 x 1.6 - 2 mm, acute at the apex, greenish, purple-edged. Ray florets 11 to 13; corollas 11.8 - 19 x 2.5 - 3 mm, 4 - veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, pink. Disc florets 28 to 34; corollas 5.7 - 8 mm long, yellowish; style branches penicillate, yellowish. Achenes cylindrical, white-villous with trichomes ca. 0.5 mm long (immature); pappus ca. 7 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown. Fig. 8.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
332245BD861F575AB2E0391CC4102A94.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic to Ecuador (Azuay, Canar, Loja). It grows in moist grasslands and exposed places of the paramo ecoregion, between elevations of 3650 - 4275 m (Fig. 9). Xenophyllum roseum is a narrow endemic species only known from El Cajas National Park (Azuay) and the Culebrillas Lagoon (Canar). A single collection from Loja (Jameson s. n., US) would also support its presence in this province. However, the label information does not provide a precise locality (" province of Loxa "), and therefore, it has not been represented on the map. New collections are required to confirm that X. roseum thrives in Loja.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
332245BD861F575AB2E0391CC4102A94.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The adjective roseus - a - um means rose-like, rose-colored, pink-colored. It refers to the characteristic pink ray corollas of this species.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
332245BD861F575AB2E0391CC4102A94.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Ecuador. Azuay: road Cuenca-Angas, 28 Dec 1976, J. D. Boeke 650 (QCA, US); P. N. Cajas, cerca de la laguna de Soldados, 2 ° 54 ' S, 79 ° 18 ' W, 17 Nov 2000, L. Endara & M. Nonhebel 554 (QCA); Cajas, ca. 30 km W of Sayausi, at pass NE toward highest peak, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 14 ' W, 23 Oct 1995, V. A. Funk & X. Montezuma 11426 (HA, QCA, US); 5 km W of Soldados on Cuenca-San Joaquin-Angus rd., ca. 100 m up slopes N of rd. toward large laguna, near laguna Estrellas Cocha, 2 ° 54 ' S, 79 ° 15 ' W, 24 Oct 1995, V. A. Funk & X. Montezuma 11441 (US); W of Cuenca on gravel road between Soldados and Balao (hwy 25), laguna Estrellas Cocha, 6 km W of Arch at Soldados Park entrance, 2 ° 54 ' S, 79 ° 15 ' W, 18 Apr 2018, V. A. Funk & J. M. Bonifacino 14033 (US); Assuay, Oct 1864, W. Jameson s. n. (E); P. N. Cajas, paramo de Soldados, road Cuenca-San Joaquin-Soldados, at the pass above Soldados, 2 ° 54 ' S, 79 ° 17 ' W, 8 Jan 2000, P. M. Jorgensen et al. 1738 (HA, QCNE, US); P. N. Cajas, road Cuenca-Sayausi-Molleturo, at the pass, km 38.4, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 14 ' W, 3 Jan 2000, P. M. Jorgensen, C. Ulloa & E. Narvaez 2083 (HA, US); Cuenca, Sayausi, Tres Cruces, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 14 ' W, 13 Oct 2017, D. Minga, M. Jimenez & N. Guzman 3242 (HA); area nacional de recreacion Cajas, Totorococha-Mazan valley, 2 ° 53 ' S, 79 ° 10 ' W, 12 Sep 1987, P. M. Ramsay & P. J. Merrow-Smith 448 (QCNE); Andibus Ecuadorensibus, in repisis m. Azuay, Aug 1857 / 9, R. Spruce 6013 (BM, C, E, F [fragment], GH, GOET, K, LE, NY, P, TCD, W); P. N. Cajas, km 35.7 redondel Cuenca-Molleturo, en el paso, sendero Paragueillas, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 14 ' W, 13 Jan 2003, C. Ulloa, P. M. Jorgensen & X. Clavijo 1173 (HA); Cuenca, Sayausi, P. N. Cajas, Tres Cruces, sendero del estacionamiento hacia arriba, 2 ° 46 ' S, 79 ° 14 ' W, 28 Apr 2015, C. Ulloa et al. 2534 (HA); Canar: El Tambo, camino de la laguna Culebrillas hasta Ingapirca, cerca de la comunidad de Cajontambo, 2 ° 26 ' S, 78 ° 52 ' W, 11 Mar 2009, D. Minga & F. Nugra 1594 (HA); Loja: province of Loxa, Sep 1864, W. Jameson s. n. (US).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
B64286E62DCD54EC9D78138060E47550.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming dense mats or hummocks, with rhizome-like stems up to 5 cm long covered with sparse pilose indumentum and old leaves, rather erect, simple or branched from the base. Stems 1 - 1.5 cm tall (aerial part), sparsely pilose. Leaves densely stellate-imbricate, extending into a sheath-like base that bears scattered multicellular trichomes; leaf laminas 4 - 5 x 1 - 1.2 mm, linear, aristate at the apex (arista up to 0.5 mm long that falls as the leaves age), entire, thinly hyaline (in dried specimens), elliptical in cross section, glabrous, unconspicuously nerved above, 1 - nerved beneath (barely visible), fleshy, drying coriaceous, matte, finely papillose. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile to subsessile. Involucres 4.9 - 5 x 4.8 - 5 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 12 to 13, 3.2 - 4 x 1.2 - 1.3 mm, obtuse at the apex, greenish. Ray florets ca. 13; corollas 6.3 - 6.5 x 0.8 - 1.2 mm, 2 to 4 - veined, subentire to 2 - toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white. Disc florets 14 to 15; corollas 3.3 - 4 mm long, whitish, usually purple-tipped; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, purplish. Achenes ca. 2.2 x 0.5 mm, cylindrical, 7 to 8 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 4.8 - 6.2 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown. Fig. 2 B.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
B64286E62DCD54EC9D78138060E47550.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Southern Colombia to central Ecuador. Colombia (border Cauca / Huila), Ecuador (Chimborazo, Morona-Santiago, Napo, Tungurahua). It grows in rocky outcrops and scree slopes around the upper limit of vegetation of the superparamo ecoregion, between elevations of 4125 - 4800 m (Fig. 9).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
B64286E62DCD54EC9D78138060E47550.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet sotarense refers to the Sotara Volcano, the locus classicus of this species. It is located in southern Colombia on the border between the departments of Cauca and Huila.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
B64286E62DCD54EC9D78138060E47550.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Ecuador. Chimborazo: El Altar, N side of the volcano, on the ridge below the Canoningo peak, 1 ° 41 ' S, 78 ° 24 ' W, 19 Aug 1995, P. Sklenar & V. Kosteckova 90 - 5 (QCNE); Morona-Santiago: cerros Yuibug-Pailacajas, E side of the mountain ridge, 1 ° 45 ' S, 78 ° 27 ' W, 31 Jul 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 2941 (QCA, US); cerros Yuibug-Pailacajas, E side of the mountain ridge, 1 ° 45 ' S, 78 ° 27 ' W, 31 Jul 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3022 (QCA); Napo: cerro Antisana, NW of north peak of Antisana, 0 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 9 ' W, 28 Jul 1960, P. J. Grubb et al. 630 (K, NY); NE side of volcan Antisana, 0 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 8 ' W, 17 Aug 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3414 (QCA, US); NE side of volcan Antisana, 0 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 8 ' W, 17 Aug 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3418 (QCA); NE side of volcan Antisana, 0 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 8 ' W, 17 Aug 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3424 (QCA); volcan Antisana, NE side of the volcano, 0 ° 27 ' S, 78 ° 8 ' W, 21 Sep 2017, P. Sklenar 14116 (QCA); in pascuis summis m. Quilindana, 0 ° 47 ' S, 78 ° 19 ' W, [without date], L. Sodiro s. n. (QPLS); Tungurahua: Santiago de Pillaro, P. N. Llanganates, SW ridge of cerro Hermoso, 1 ° 13 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 14 Nov 1999, D. Neill et al. 12104 (QCNE); Santiago de Pillaro, P. N. Llanganates, SW ridge of cerro Hermoso, 1 ° 13 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 14 Nov 1999, D. Neill et al. 12167 (QCNE); P. N. Llanganatis, slope on the W side of cerro Hermoso, 1 ° 13 ' S, 78 ° 17 ' W, 3 Dec 2010, P. Sklenar 13132 (QCA); cerro Hermoso, SW ridge of the mountain, 1 ° 14 ' S, 78 ° 18 ' W, 6 Sep 1997, P. Sklenar & V. Sklenarova 3741 (US).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
43EA3195D7DE5508BF6A753089957E6E.taxon	description	Description. Shrubby plant. Rhizomes ca. 6 x 0.7 - 1 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 30 - 60 cm tall, branched, glabrous, with leaves restricted to the upper part. Leaves imbricate, extending into a sheath-like base glabrous or with long silky trichomes; leaf laminas 6.8 - 9.3 x 3.2 - 3.7 mm, spatulate (finger-like at the apex), at least 12 - divided at the apex, with all divisions similar in length, entire, elliptical to terete upwards in cross section, glabrous or floccose-lanate, 1 - nerved above (barely visible), 1 - nerved beneath, somewhat fleshy, matte; divisions ca. 1.5 mm long, rounded to truncate. Capitula radiate, rather nodding, subsessile to shortly pedunculate (up to 5 mm long, sometimes bearing 1 to 2 oblong bracts that reach the involucre). Involucres 8.6 - 10.5 x 8.2 - 10 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 11 to 20, 4.3 - 5 x 2.5 - 2.8 mm, obtuse at the apex, greenish to slightly purplish. Ray florets 15 to 28; corollas 6.4 - 8.3 x 0.8 - 1.1 mm, unconspicuously veined, subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, not surpassing the involucre, pale yellow. Disc florets 36 to 81; corollas 7.4 - 9.2 mm long, yellowish; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, yellowish. Achenes 3.3 - 3.6 x 0.9 - 1 mm, cylindrical, 7 to 9 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 8.2 - 14.2 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown. Fig. 26.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
43EA3195D7DE5508BF6A753089957E6E.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic to Peru (Arequipa, Cusco, Huanuco, Lima, Moquegua, Puno). It grows in rocky outcrops, scree slopes, and exposed grasslands of the subhumid puna ecoregion, between elevations of 3900 - 5200 m (Fig. 27). Xenophyllum staffordiae is known from central and southern Peru, however, a remarkable gap exists between these two distribution centers. No collections were studied from Apurimac, Ayacucho, and Huancavelica.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
43EA3195D7DE5508BF6A753089957E6E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet staffordiae honors the English field botanist Dora Stafford, who collected in Peru in the 1930 s.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
43EA3195D7DE5508BF6A753089957E6E.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Peru. Arequipa: La Union, Cotahuasi, 15 ° 14 ' S, 72 ° 52 ' W, 30 Jun 2002, F. Caceres 2806 (HUSA); Caylloma, Chivay, bajada a Chivay, 15 ° 42 ' S, 71 ° 35 ' W, 25 Oct 1988, E. Linares 260 (CUZ, USM); La Union, entre Solimana y Ccoropuna, base, 15 ° 27 ' S, 72 ° 46 ' W, 25 Apr 1967, C. Vargas 19541 (CUZ, US); Castilla, Tapay, cerro Blanco, Apacheta, 13 Sep 2011, N. Vega 1734 (USM); Cusco: Espinar, Yauri, 14 ° 48 ' S, 71 ° 24 ' W, 20 Jun 1944, C. Vargas 4382 (CUZ, F); Huanuco: Huanuco viejo, 9 ° 52 ' S, 76 ° 49 ' W, 4 Oct 1968, I. Meza s. n. (USM); Lima: Huarochiri, cordillera de Carampoma, 11 ° 39 ' S, 76 ° 31 ' W, Dec 1929, N. Esposto s. n. (MOL, USM); Huarochiri, San Damian, abra entre Chanape y la comunidad Checca, 11 ° 55 ' S, 76 ° 15 ' W, 14 Jul 2013, P. Gonzales & B. Brito 2667 (USM); Canta, Lachaqui, mas arriba de la laguna de Quinan, camino hacia Carampoma (Huarochiri), 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 34 ' W, 20 May 1995, A. Granda 1496 (MOL, US); Canta, cerca a Canta Mishquipuquio, 11 ° 34 ' S, 76 ° 33 ' W, 10 Aug 1949, S. Sanchez 44 (USM); Canta, Lachaqui, arriba de laguna Quinan, 11 ° 35 ' S, 76 ° 34 ' W, 30 Jun 2000, G. Vilcapoma 5194 (USM); Huarochiri, San Juan de Iris, alrededores de Tuktococha, 11 ° 42 ' S, 76 ° 25 ' W, 18 Aug 1993, G. Yarupaitan & J. Alban 1012 (US, USM); Moquegua: General Sanchez Cerro, Yunga, Perusa, 16 ° 11 ' S, 70 ° 37 ' W, 3 Mar 2018, D. Montesinos & J. Calvo 5957 (HSP); Puno: cerro Ichuasi, Caccachara, ca. 50 miles SW of Ilave, 18 Nov 1946, P. Oliver & A. Pearson 86 (US); Creston, San Antonio [de Esquilache], 1 Jul 1937, T. G. Tutin 1201 (BM).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
C73A8F9A053355F7ACC8F7F508E62D7A.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Xenophyllum dactylophyllum (Sch. Bip.) V. A. Funk.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
C73A8F9A053355F7ACC8F7F508E62D7A.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plants, forming mats, hummocks, or clumps of erect stems. Rhizomes 4 - 10 x 0.1 - 1 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous; rhizome-like stems (when present) up to 35 cm long covered with matted lanate, arachnoid, or pilose indumentum and old leaves or leaf base remnants, rather erect, simple or branched from the base. Stems 1 - 20 (- 60) cm long, simple or branched, glabrous, sparsely pilose, arachnoid, or lanate. Leaves alternate, simple, subimbricate, imbricate, or stellate-imbricate (rarely somewhat distantly arranged), extending into a sheath-like base that is glabrous or bears arachnoid or long silky trichomes (abruptly narrowed at the base in one species); leaf laminas 2.5 - 27.6 x 0.5 - 6.7 mm, linear, triangular, or spatulate, aristate, acute, obtuse, notched, forked, or finger-like at the apex, entire, denticulate, shortly ciliate, or scabrous-ciliate at the margin, flat to terete, sometimes slightly curved forwards in cross section, glabrous (rarely floccose-lanate), 1 - nerved above (sometimes barely visible or unconspicuous), 1 - nerved beneath (sometimes barely visible or unconspicuous), usually fleshy, matte or shiny (sometimes papillose). Capitula radiate (disciform in one species), solitary, terminal, erect (rarely somewhat nodding), sessile to subsessile (rarely shortly pedunculate). Involucres 3.3 - 19.7 x 2.7 - 15.8 mm, cupuliform or narrowly cupuliform, with bracts fused at the base, glabrous; involucral bracts 8 to 21, 1.1 - 14.9 x 0.7 - 3.9 mm, linear-oblong to subulate, acute to obtuse at the apex, greenish to dark-purplish; supplementary bracts absent; receptacle epaleaceous, rather plane, smooth or seldom alveolate. Ray florets 8 to 39, pistillate, fertile; corollas 3.6 - 19.7 x 0.4 - 3.4 mm, 2 to 7 - veined (sometimes unconspicuous), subentire to 3 - toothed at the apex, surpassing or not the involucre, white, yellow, or pink (disciform species with peripheral florets having corollas reduced to a vestigial tube or without corolla). Disc florets 7 to 95, hermaphroditic; corollas 3.1 - 10.6 mm long, 5 - lobed, yellow, whitish, creamy, or purplish; filament collars balusterform; anther bases obtuse or auriculate; anther appendages 2 - 4 - times longer than wide; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes or penicillate, yellowish to purplish. Achenes 1.6 - 5.4 x 0.4 - 1.3 mm, cylindrical, 6 to 9 - ribbed, glabrous or white-villous (with scattered arachnoid trichomes in one species); pappus capillary, 1 to 2 - seriate, composed of bristles 2.1 - 19 mm long, barbellate, whitish to partially rose- or purple-colored. Chromosome number 2 n = 104 - 108 (+ / - 4) (Diers 1961).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
C73A8F9A053355F7ACC8F7F508E62D7A.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, northern Chile, and northwestern Argentina. The Xenophyllum species thrive in the paramo and puna ecoregions, between elevations of (2600 -) 3000 - 5500 m (Fig. 4).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
C73A8F9A053355F7ACC8F7F508E62D7A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The generic name Xenophyllum means strange leaves (" xenos ": strange, alien, foreign; " phyll- ": relating to leaves).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
C51245A6D0F056329E351B5A78201A4E.taxon	description	Description. Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of rather decumbent stems. Rhizomes 7 - 10 x 0.5 - 0.8 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous. Stems 3 - 8 cm tall, simple or branched, glabrous, with leaves rather uniformly arranged along it. Leaves imbricate, extending into a glabrous sheath-like base; leaf laminas 3.4 - 7 (- 11.8) x 1.3 - 1.6 mm, linear-subulate, acute at the apex, entire, obtusely triangular in cross section, glabrous, unconspicuously nerved above, 1 - nerved beneath (barely visible), fleshy, matte. Capitula radiate, erect, sessile. Involucres 7 - 9 x 5 - 7 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 8 to 12, 3.2 - 5.9 x 1.4 - 2.3 mm, acute to obtuse at the apex, greenish, sometimes purple-edged. Ray florets 9 to 15; corollas 5.9 - 8 x 1 - 1.2 mm, 3 to 4 - veined, subentire at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white, rarely pale purplish beneath. Disc florets 24 to 32; corollas 4.5 - 5.2 mm long, whitish to creamy, sometimes with the tube purplish; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes, purplish. Achenes 3.8 - 4 x 0.9 - 1 mm, cylindrical, 8 to 9 - ribbed, glabrous; pappus 6.3 - 7.5 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
C51245A6D0F056329E351B5A78201A4E.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Southern Peru to northern Chile. Bolivia (Oruro), Chile (Arica-Parinacota, Tarapaca), Peru (Arequipa, Moquegua, Puno, Tacna [n. v.]). It grows along the banks of marshes and salt lagoons of the subhumid and dry puna ecoregions, between elevations of 3800 - 4700 m (Fig. 17).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
C51245A6D0F056329E351B5A78201A4E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species honors H. A. Weddell (1819 - 1877), a British botanist (French by choice) and physician who devoted part of his life to the study of the South American flora.	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
C51245A6D0F056329E351B5A78201A4E.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Bolivia. Oruro: Sajama, al borde del rio Sajama, en el pueblo de Sajama, 18 ° 8 ' S, 68 ° 58 ' W, 24 Aug 2008, S. G. Beck 32617 (LPB); Sajama, 18 ° 10 ' S, 68 ° 55 ' W, 9 Feb 1998, F. Loza de la Cruz 264 (LPB, USM). Chile. Arica-Parinacota: N de Misitune, 18 ° 15 ' S, 69 ° 22 ' W, 25 Nov 2001, C. Aedo 6968 (CONC, MA); Parinacota, salar de Surire, 18 ° 51 ' S, 69 ° 6 ' W, 29 Mar 1992, G. Arancio 92 - 454 (CONC); salar de Surire, 18 ° 47 ' S, 69 ° 6 ' W, 27 Mar 1996, M. Argomedo 9 (CONC); Parinacota, cerca de laguna de Cotacotani, camino a Guane Guane, 18 ° 10 ' S, 69 ° 14 ' W, 9 Mar 1984, M. Arroyo 84 - 728 (CONC); Parinacota, salar de Surire, aledanos del salar, 18 ° 48 ' S, 69 ° 10 ' W, 6 Aug 1986, E. Belmonte 86119 (CONC); Parinacota, lago Chungara, 18 ° 14 ' S, 69 ° 10 ' W, 9 May 1996, E. Belmonte 96068 (CONC); Las Cuevas, 18 ° 12 ' S, 69 ° 28 ' W, 23 Mar 1997, E. Belmonte 97049 (CONC); Arica, altiplano de Arica, Las Cuevas, 18 ° 12 ' S, 69 ° 28 ' W, 15 Nov 1977, H. Escobar 206 (CONC); rt. 11, on the edge of lago Chungara, large island, 18 ° 16 ' S, 69 ° 9 ' W, 6 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & J. M. Bonifacino 13087 (US); rd. from rt. 11 to Parque Nacional Lauca (rt. A 201), ca. 15 km W of intersection of rt. A 201, A 211 & A 235, 18 ° 19 ' S, 69 ° 29 ' W, 8 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & J. M. Bonifacino 13127 (US); rd. from rt. 11 to Parque Nacional Lauca (rt. A 201), ca. 5 km W of intersection of rt. A 201, A 211 & A 235, 18 ° 19 ' S, 69 ° 30 ' W, 8 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & J. M. Bonifacino 13133 (US); Putre, Ch 11 - road to Putre at kilometer 150, 18 ° 9 ' S, 69 ° 29 ' W, 15 Dec 1999, M. F. Gardner & S. G. Knees 6266 (E); Aguas Calientes, 17 ° 43 ' S, 69 ° 49 ' W, Nov 1955, U. Levi 11 (CONC); camino de Putre a Chucuyo, km 10, 18 ° 13 ' S, 69 ° 16 ' W, 12 Feb 1964, C. Marticorena, O. Matthei & M. Quezada 198 (CONC); termas de Jurasi, 18 ° 12 ' S, 69 ° 30 ' W, 26 May 2011, A. Moreira-Munoz, M. Munoz & V. Morales 1658 (SGO); base del cerro Chapiquina, bofedal Ojo de Agua, 18 ° 19 ' S, 69 ° 29 ' W, 9 Jun 2012, A. Moreira-Munoz 1941 (SGO); lado este Portezuelo Chapiquina, frente Ojo de Agua, 18 ° 19 ' S, 69 ° 29 ' W, 19 Oct 2012, A. Moreira-Munoz et al. 2016 (SGO); quebrada profunda antes de Colpitas, despues de cruce del rio, 17 ° 58 ' S, 69 ° 27 ' W, 20 Oct 2012, A. Moreira-Munoz et al. 2022 (SGO); quebrada Ancochallane, 18 ° 15 ' S, 69 ° 24 ' W, 18 Jun 2015, A. Moreira-Munoz 2495 A (SGO); camino Umirpa a Tignamar, ca. km 28, 18 ° 45 ' S, 69 ° 21 ' W, 26 May 2016, A. Moreira-Munoz & M. Diazgranados 2625 (SGO); Parinacota, entre Cotacotani y Chungara, 18 ° 15 ' S, 69 ° 13 ' W, 20 Apr 1980, J. Moreno 2668 (CONC); Parinacota, entre central de Chapiquina y Portezuelo de Chapiquina, 18 ° 20 ' S, 69 ° 29 ' W, 17 May 1989, H. Niemeyer, C. Fernandez & A. Hoffmann 8992 (CONC); Aguas Calientes, Tacora, 17 ° 43 ' S, 69 ° 49 ' W, 17 Sep 1955, M. Ricardi 3379 (CONC); Arica, Misitune, lecho del rio Lauca, 18 ° 20 ' S, 69 ° 22 ' W, 7 Sep 1963, F. Schlegel 4751 (CONC); Tacora-Humapalca-rio Azufre, 17 ° 49 ' S, 69 ° 47 ' W, 4 Jan 2013, S. Teillier 7740 (CONC); Arica, Chilcaya, 18 ° 47 ' S, 69 ° 0 ' W, 20 Apr 1927, C. Troll 3320 (B, CONC); Parinacota, portezuelo de Putre, 18 ° 12 ' S, 69 ° 20 ' W, 18 May 1979, C. Villagran et al. 1175 (CONC); Tarapaca: Iquique, Huara, road from Lirima to Pachica, along the rio Chancacolla (after La Rinconada), 19 ° 52 ' S, 68 ° 58 ' W, 11 Dec 2008, R. Baines et al. 363 (E); La Cruz, 20 ° 22 ' S, 68 ° 59 ' W, 3 Dec 1948, V. Castillo s. n. (CONC); South edge of salar Huasco, NW of intersection of rt. A- 687 & A- 683, 20 ° 20 ' S, 68 ° 51 ' W, 4 Mar 2014, V. A. Funk, M. Diazgranados & J. M. Bonifacino 13082 (US); Iquique, Huara, km 108 on A 483 to Colchane, 19 ° 33 ' S, 68 ° 57 ' W, 18 Feb 2003, M. F. Gardner & S. G. Knees 6525 (E); comuna de Pica, salar de Huasco, bofedal de Huasco-Lipez, 20 ° 19 ' S, 68 ° 50 ' W, 23 Mar 2003, S. Teillier & G. Mieres 5447 (CONC); Iquique, camino de Chusmiza a quebrada de Aroma, 19 ° 37 ' S, 69 ° 5 ' W, 20 Mar 1982, C. Villagran & M. Arroyo 4093 (CONC); Iquique, trayecto entre Cariquima y Guaitani, 19 ° 30 ' S, 68 ° 37 ' W, 6 Sep 1997, C. Villagran, F. Hinojosa & C. Latorre 9167 (CONC). Peru. Arequipa: [without locality, pr. Vincocaya according to coordinates], 15 ° 51 ' S, 71 ° 9 ' W, 21 Dec 2006, F. Caceres, E. Lopez & L. Castillo 6025 (HUSA); rio Sumbay, 15 ° 51 ' S, 71 ° 9 ' W, 22 Dec 2006, F. Caceres, E. Lopez & L. Castillo 6063 (HUSA); rio Sumbay, 15 ° 51 ' S, 71 ° 9 ' W, 23 Dec 2006, F. Caceres, E. Lopez & L. Castillo 6149 (HUSA); rio Sumbay, 15 ° 51 ' S, 71 ° 9 ' W, 23 Dec 2006, F. Caceres, E. Lopez & L. Castillo 6178 (HUSA); Caylloma, Yanque, entre Imata y Chalhuanca, 15 ° 46 ' S, 71 ° 17 ' W, 17 May 2017, V. Quipuscoa et al. 5570 (HSP); Moquegua: Ubinas, Querala, Gasahuasi, 16 ° 7 ' S, 70 ° 45 ' W, 6 Apr 2011, D. Montesinos 3090 (HSP, USM); General Sanchez Cerro, Chojata, quebrada Huarata, 16 ° 36 ' S, 70 ° 36 ' W, 4 Mar 2018, D. Montesinos & J. Calvo 5984 (HSP); Puno: San Roman, hacienda Tincopalca, 15 ° 51 ' S, 70 ° 45 ' W, 11 Mar 1953, E. Petersen & J. P. Hjerting 1090 (C, LIL, USM).	en	Calvo, Joel, Moreira-Munoz, Andres (2020): Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae). PhytoKeys 158: 1-106, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848
