identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
7B37A31FFF8D8A62FCE8FDF90028776E.text	7B37A31FFF8D8A62FCE8FDF90028776E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neobuthus awashensis Kovarik et Lowe 2012	<div><p>Neobuthus awashensis Kovařík et Lowe, 2012</p> <p>(Figs. 1–6, 158, 161–165)</p> <p>Neobuthus awashensis Kovařík &amp; Lowe, 2012: 7–16, figs. 5–6, 18–21, 34–38, 44–47, 67–74, 86, 89, 92, 95–96, 100–101; Kovařík et al., 2015: 30.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Ethiopia, Awash, Metahara env., 08°54' N 39°54' E, 960-1050 m a.s.l., FKCP.</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. Ethiopia, Awash, Metahara env., 08°54' N 39°54' E, 960-1050 m a.s.l., 1♀ (paratype), 2008, leg. V. Trailin, 2♀1♀ im. (allotype and paratypes), XI.2010, leg. T. Mazuch and P. Novák, 32♂ (holotype and paratypes) 18♀ (paratypes) 11♀ ims, 5♂ ims (paratypes), 19.-22.VII.2011, leg. F. Kovařík. Most types are in the collection of the second author (FKCP), two paratypes (♂ ♀) are in the collection of the first author (GL).</p> <p>OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. Ethiopia, 11°43'22" N 40° 56'52" E, 457 m a.s.l. (Locality No. 12 EMA), 20.XI. 2012, 1♀1♀ im., leg. F. Kovařík (UV detection), FKCP; 11°43'30" N 40°58'45" E, 404 m a.s.l. (Locality No. 12EM), 20.XI.2012, 1♂, leg. F. Kovařík (UV detection), FKCP; Gewane, 10°09'38" N 40°39'45" E, 631 m a.s.l. (Locality No. 12 EO), 23.XI.2012, 1♂ 1♀, leg. F. Kovařík, (UV detection), FKCP; 09°08'10.4" N 40°09' 45.5" E, 835 m a.s.l. (Locality No. 12ER), 24.XI.2012, 12♂ 1♀ 1juv., leg. F. Kovařík (UV detection), FKCP, 26.-27.XI.2014, 8♂ 2♀ 2juvs, FKCP, 3♂ 2juvs, GL, leg. F. Kovařík; Awash, Metahara env., 08°54' N 39°54' E, 960-1050 m a.s.l. (Locality No. 12 EX), 25.XI.2012, 7♂ 6♀ 5juvs., 27.-30.XI.2014, 7♂ 1♀, topotypes, leg. F. Kovařík (UV detection), FKCP.</p> <p>EMENDED DIAGNOSIS. Total length 18–22 mm (males), 22.5–30 mm (females); carapace with area between anterior median carinae fuscous; tergites with fuscous pigmentation unbroken across median area; pedipalp relatively slender, males with femur L/ W 2.50 –2.70, patella L/ W 2.45 –2.70, chela L/ W 4.63 –5.08; chela movable finger with 5–6 subrows of primary denticles, 3–5 external accessory denticles flanking proximal end of each subrow; trichobothria d 2 usually absent from femur and patella; posterior margins of carapace and tergites usually bearing 2–4 macrosetae; pedipalps, legs, metasoma and telson with short, stout macrosetae in males, and long, fine setae in females; males with coxae sparsely granulated, sternites III–VI lightly shagreened to smooth, sternite VII finely granulated with 4 weak, granulated carinae; females with sternites III–VI smooth, sternite VII sparsely shagreened with 4 weak carinae, median carinae granulated; metasoma I–III with median lateral carinae present in both sexes; lateral surface of metasoma V in males densely granulated, with granules separated; soles of telotarsi with relatively sparse setation, leg III of adults with 6–9 macrosetae in retroinferior series of basitarsus, 12–19 ventral macrosetae on telotarsus; pectine teeth: 17–21 (males), 15–18 (females).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B37A31FFF8D8A62FCE8FDF90028776E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lowe, Graeme;Kovařík, František	Lowe, Graeme, Kovařík, František (2016): Scorpions of the Horn of Africa (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part V. Two new species of Neobuthus Hirst, 1911 (Buthidae), from Ethiopia and Eritrea. Euscorpius 224: 1-46
7B37A31FFF8D8A64FEEEFD0002BA7605.text	7B37A31FFF8D8A64FEEEFD0002BA7605.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neobuthus Hirst 1911	<div><p>Neobuthus Hirst, 1911</p> <p>(Figs. 1–165, Tables 1–5)</p> <p>Neobuthus Hirst, 1911: 462; Kovařík &amp; Lowe, 2012: 2; Kovařík et al., 2013: 4, 14; for complete generic synonymy prior to 2012, see Kovařík &amp; Lowe, 2012: 2.</p> <p>EMENDED DIAGNOSIS. Small buthid scorpions, total length 18–23 mm (males), 22–31 mm (females); carapace strongly trapezoidal, surface granular with only anterior median carinae developed; ventral aspect of cheliceral fixed finger with single denticle; tergites with three carinae, of which the lateral pair may be less conspicuous; sternites III–VI with finely micro-denticulate posterior margins, lacking larger non-contiguous denticles; pectines with fulcra, hirsute; metasomal segments I–III with 8–10 carinae, segment V with enlarged lobate dentition on posterior ventrolateral carinae; telson rather bulbous, vesicle steeply inclined posteriorly, aculeus shorter than vesicle; macrosetae on vesicle oriented in anterior direction; pedipalps short with stout segments, movable finger of pedipalp with 4–6 subrows of primary denticles flanked by mid-row internal and proximal external accessory denticles, 3 denticles just proximal to terminal denticle; movable finger without dense terminal brush of setae on ventral surface; strongly spatulate microsetae not present on termini of fixed and movable fingers; pedipalp finger margins straight, without proximal scalloping or basal lobe and notch; trichobothrial pattern type A, orthobothriotaxic or neobothriotaxic minorante, dorsal trichobothria of femur arranged in β- configuration; trichobothrium d 2 of pedipalp femur present or absent on dorsal surface, d 2 of pedipalp patella present or absent, d 3 of pedipalp patella situated internal to dorsomedian carina, V 2 of chela manus strongly displaced internally relative to V 1, chela fixed finger with db located in proximal half, proximal to est; tibial spurs present on legs III–IV; sexual dimorphism in setation, granulation and metasomal dentition: pedipalps, legs and metasoma with weaker granulation and long, filiform macrosetae in females, stronger granulation and shorter (often spiniform) macrosetae in males, ventrosubmedian and ventrolateral carinae on segments II–III strongly developed with enlarged dentition in females, with regular dentition in males; capsule of hemispermatophore with 4 lobes, flagellum well separated from lobes.</p> <p>SUBORDINATE TAXA. N. awashensis Kovařík et Lowe, 2012, N. berberensis Hirst, 1911 (type species), N. cloudsleythompsoni Lourenço, 2001, N. eritreaensis sp. n., N. ferrugineus (Kraepelin, 1898), N. kutcheri sp. n., and N. sudanensis Lourenço, 2005 (taxonomic position unclear).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B37A31FFF8D8A64FEEEFD0002BA7605	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lowe, Graeme;Kovařík, František	Lowe, Graeme, Kovařík, František (2016): Scorpions of the Horn of Africa (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part V. Two new species of Neobuthus Hirst, 1911 (Buthidae), from Ethiopia and Eritrea. Euscorpius 224: 1-46
7B37A31FFF8B8A68FF48FCDF058377D4.text	7B37A31FFF8B8A68FF48FCDF058377D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neobuthus cloudsleythompsoni Lourenco 2001	<div><p>Neobuthus cloudsleythompsoni Lourenço, 2001</p> <p>(Figs. 7–42, 96, 148–150, 157, 161, Tables 1, 4–5)</p> <p>Neobuthus cloudsleythompsoni Lourenço, 2001: 179– 182, figs. 15–21; Kovařík, 2003: 137–138; Fet et al., 2005: 12; Lourenço, 2005: 28; Kovařík &amp; Lowe, 2012: 16.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Ethiopia, lower valley of the Omo River, MNHN.</p> <p>MATERIAL EXAMINED. Ethiopia, Southern Nationalities and Peoples Region Federal State (SNNPR), "lower valley of the Omo river", Chew Bahr, 04°50'38.5" N 36°44'11.4" E, 625 m a.s.l. (Locality No. 13 EW), 5.– 6.VII.2013, 43♂ 6♀8♀ ims., leg. F. Kovařík, V. Socha, V. Trailin (UV detection), FKCP, GL.</p> <p>EMENDED DIAGNOSIS. Total length 18.5–19 mm (males), 23–25 mm (females); carapace with area between anterior median carinae yellow; tergites with 3 dark stripes, median stripe flanked on either side by broad, continuous longitudinal yellow bands; pedipalp relatively stout, males with femur L/ W 2.05 –2.38; patella L/ W 2.31 –2.57, chela L/ W 4.40 –5.50; chela movable finger with 4–6 subrows of primary denticles, 3–4 external accessory denticles flanking proximal end of each subrow; trichobothria d 2 usually present on patella; posterior margins of carapace and tergites usually lacking macrosetae, or sparsely setose with 1–2 macrosetae; pedipalps, legs, metasoma and telson with very short, stout macrosetae in males, long, fine setae in females; males with coxae and sternites III–VI densely, finely granular, sternite VII densely, finely granular with 4 granulated carinae; females with sternites III–VI smooth, sternite VII sparsely shagreened with 4 weak carinae, median carinae smooth or weakly granulated; metasoma I–III with median lateral carinae present in both sexes; lateral surface of metasoma V in males densely granulated, with granules close but separated; soles of telotarsi with sparse setation, leg III of adults with 7–10 macrosetae in retroinferior series of basitarsus, 13–20 ventral setae on telotarsus; pectine teeth: 15–19 (males), 12–15 (females).</p> <p>REDESCRIPTION (MALE).</p> <p>Coloration (Figs. 7–8, 11–13, 19, 31–33, 34–37, 41). Base color yellow with patterns of dark maculation. Carapace with fuscosity extending over lateral interocular triangle from ocular tubercle, but dark pigment excluded from area between anterior median carinae; fuscosity patchy on lateral flanks, alternating with yellow areas; posterior median area with fuscous median longitudinal band behind ocular tubercle; posterior lateral area with fuscous edge bordering posterior median zone, reticulate marking on posterior marginal area; ocular tubercle black, surrounded by yellow patches laterally and posteriorly; posterior margin of carapace with dark lateral borders and median triangular patch. Tergites 3-striped, with fuscosity arranged longitudinally in narrow median and broad lateral bands; pale patches on either side of median stripe wide, forming broad longitudinal yellow bands; on each tergite, lateral bands with fuscosity more solid on posterior part, broken by reticular or fenestrated patterning on anterior part, faint on pretergite. Sternites and coxosternal area pale yellow. Metasomal segments I–IV mostly yellow with sparse reticulated fuscosity; dorsal surface of I–III with median line and Y-shaped pattern, of IV trilineate; dorsolateral carinae I–IV marked by broad stripe; lateral and ventral surfaces yellow on I–II, with fuscous stripes on ventrolateral and ventrosubmedian carinae on III–IV, the stripes broader and darker on IV; segment V covered by more extensive reticulated fuscosity, dorsal surface with single yellow anteromedian stripe, ventral surface with 2 pairs of yellow anterolateral stripes, posterior margin of V yellow on all sides. Telson vesicle almost yellow, with faint traces of fuscosity, aculeus yellow on basal half, dark reddish-black on distal half. Chelicera with broad fuscous band extending over anterior dorsal area of manus, interrupted by large, pale patch on internal aspect, remainder of dorsal surface pale, lacking reticulations. Pedipalps with fuscous markings on carinae of femur and patella, more extensive fuscosity on distal dorsal and distal internal surfaces of femur, and ventroexternal and ventrointernal surfaces of patella; patella uniformly yellow on dorsal surface between dorsoexternal and dorsointernal carinae; ventral surface of femur and patella pale yellow; pedipalp chela manus with weak fuscosity in longitudinal bands and broad distal areas; pedipalp fingers yellow. Legs with fuscous longitudinal stripes along distal half of dorsal, retrosuperior and proinferior surfaces of femur, and retrodorsal surface of patella.</p> <p>Carapace (Figs. 7, 11, 13, 41). Strongly trapezoidal, anterior width 0.40–0.60 times posterior width, wider than long (L/ W 0.88 –1.0); posterior median postocular area flat, anterior median preocular area gently slope downwards towards anterior margin; lateral flanks steeply sloped; ocular tubercle broad, prominent, located slightly anterior to middle of carapace (preocular distance 0.43–0.44 times carapace length); median eyes large, separated by 1.25 times their diameter (viewed in dorsal projection); anterior margin straight, finely microdenticulate, with coarser granules overlapping edge, bearing 7–9 macrosetae; lateral margins finely denticulate; anterior median carinae weak, coarsely granular, without macrosetae; other carinae indistinct; dense granulation covering most of carapace, interrupted only by restricted transverse smooth patches behind ocular tubercle, and in locations of posterior transverse, posterior marginal, and posterior lateral furrows; posterior margin of carapace almost smooth, with only very fine microdenticulations; macrosetae absent on carapace except for anterior margin, and 1–2 small macrosetae that may or may not occur on posterior margin.</p> <p>Chelicera. Manus smooth on dorsal side, with subapical transverse series of granules; dorsointernal carina at base of fixed finger strong, almost smooth; chaetotaxy: 4 straight macrosetae on anterior dorsal surface, including 1 dark seta on dorsointernal carina, 1 pale seta on subapical margin, 2 pale setae on apical margin; 3 dorsal microsetae on distal half of movable finger; brush of longer curved setae on internodorsal surface at base of fixed finger; fingers with typical buthid dentition (Vachon, 1963); fixed finger with large distal denticle, 1 subdistal denticle and 2 basal denticles fused into bicusp, single denticle on ventral surface at level of bicusp; dorsal margin of movable finger with 5 denticles: 1 large distal denticle, medium-sized subdistal and medial, and 2 small, partially fused basal denticles; ventral margin with 2 denticles: 1 large distal, 1 small subdistal; dense fields of fine setae on ventrointernal surfaces of movable finger and anterior manus.</p> <p>Coxosternal area (Figs. 8, 12). Coxae finely granulated, coxa I–II endites with weaker, sparser granulation, almost smooth; coxae I–III with sparse short to medium length reddish macrosetae: 5–8 on coxa I, 5–8 on II, 4–5 on III; coxa IV with single macroseta near anterior end, close to sternum, otherwise devoid of setae; sternum subtriangular, smooth, with deep posteromedian invagination, posterior transverse sulcus and 2 short reddish macrosetae; genital opercula smooth, cordate, with 2–3 short reddish macrosetae; genital papillae present.</p> <p>Pectines (Figs 8, 12). Basal piece smooth, with deep Vshaped anterior median invagination, 2–4 short reddish macrosetae; pectines long, distal tips extending to proximal 0.3–0.4 of length of trochanter IV; combs with 3 marginal lamellae, 6–7 middle lamellae, 15–19 teeth; posterobasal vertex of basal middle lamella extended, angulate; marginal lamellae, middle lamellae and fulcra with dense cover of short light reddish macrosetae; fulcra with 2–5 setae; when anterior margins of left and right pectines are aligned with posterior edges of coxae IV, first and second teeth at base of combs overlap completely.</p> <p>Hemispermatophore (Figs. 38–40). Elongate, slender, trunk 9.15 times length of capsule region; flagellum well separated from external lobe, pars recta short with internal lamina, pars reflecta narrower, cylindriform; capsule region with 4 lobes at base of flagellum; external lobe longest, apically rounded; median lobe carinate, apically truncate; internal lobe acuminate, same length as median lobe; basal lobe strongly developed, forming a pointed hook.</p> <p>Mesosoma (Figs. 7–8, 11–13, 41). Moderately elongate, 2.0–2.4 times length of carapace. Tergites: pretergites smooth with finely micro-granular posterior margins; tergites I–VI a weak granular median carina only developed in posterior half; tergites II–VI with weakly indicated granular lateral carinae near posterior margins; tergites I–VI densely granular, with coarser granules on posterior lateral areas; tergite VII densely granular, with slight median hump, paired inner and outer lateral carinae weakly indicated, granular; posterior margins with very fine, microdenticulations in tergites I–VI, smooth in tergite VII; all tergites devoid of macrosetae. Sternites: presternites IV–VII smooth, posterior margins very weakly micro-crenulate; sternites III–VI covered with dense, fine granulation (finer near anterior margins), with transverse slit-like spiracles; areas of III covered by pectines very finely micro-shagreened; sternite V with narrow posterior marginal smooth patch free of granulation, widest medially; sternite VII densely, finely granulated, posterior 2/3 with 4 weak, granular carinae; lateral margins of all sternites finely denticulate; sternite macrosetae (non-marginal/ marginal): III 11– 13/8–9, IV 4/13–16, V 6/11–12, VI 4–6/9–11, VII 6– 7/3–5; setae on sternite VII shorter, thicker than setae on III–VI.</p> <p>Metasoma (Figs. 7–8, 31–33, 41). Moderately elongate, total length of segments I–V 1.4 times length of prosoma + mesosoma; segment I as wide as long, segments II–V progressively longer than wide (L/W ratio increasing from 1.25 to 2.01); carination: segments I–II with 10 carinae, III with 8 carinae, IV–V with 2 carinae; segments I–III with moderate to strong, granulate or crenulate ventrosubmedian and ventrolateral carinae, weak, granulate lateral median carinae, and very weak or slightly indicated, granulate dorsolateral and dorsosubmedian carinae; segment III with strong, granulate ventrosubmedian and ventrolateral carinae, very weak or slightly indicated, granulate lateral median, dorsolateral and dorsosubmedian carinae; median lateral carinae complete on I–II, obsolete on anterior 1/5 of III; segment IV with weak, crenulated ventrolateral carinae; segment V with strong, granulate to lobate ventrolateral carinae; granulation: segments I–III with dense granulation on all intercarinal surfaces; segment IV densely granulated except for bilateral posterior smooth patches on dorsal surface; segment V densely granular on lateral and ventral surfaces, lateral surface with coarse, scaly granulation, ventral surface with many large, coarse granules, some arranged in trace of ventromedian carina; lateral anal lobe with weak notch towards ventral end, ventral anal arc with 10–13 weak crenulations; chaetotaxy: segments I–IV with scattered macrosetae on carinae and intercarinal surfaces; lateral surface of segment V with macrosetae arrayed in 2 longitudinal rows of 5–7 setae near dorsal and ventral margins, ventral surface with sparsely scattered setae; dorsal surfaces of all segments bare; all metasomal setae short, straight, reddish, shorter and more stout than coxosternal and sternal setae.</p> <p>Telson (Figs. 7–8, 31–33, 41). Vesicle relatively bulbous, posterior surface steeply sloped, not quite truncate; aculeus stout, shorter than vesicle, tip of aculeus directed sub-vertically; ventral surface with scattered anteriorlydirected, stout, reddish macrosetae.</p> <p>Pedipalps (Figs. 7–8, 17, 19, 41). Femur: relatively stout, 2.2–2.4 times longer than wide; dorsoexternal and external carinae weak, granulated; other carinae obsolete; dorsal, external and upper internal surfaces with coarse granulation, lower internal and ventral surfaces finely granulated, shagreened or almost smooth; 6–8 distal external accessory macrosetae. Patella: less stout, 2.3–2.6 times longer than wide; external, dorsomedian, dorsointernal, internal and ventrointernal carinae weak, finely granulated; other carinae obsolete; dorsal and upper internal surfaces with dense, coarse granulation, lower internal surface with fine granulation, external and ventral surfaces finely shagreened or almost smooth; short, straight reddish macrosetae scattered sparsely over carinae. Chela: Short, relatively stout, 4.4–5.5 times longer than wide; fingers robust, movable finger 1.8–2.0 times manus ventral length; carinae obsolete, but with weak to very weak granulation indicating positions of dorsointernal, dorsal marginal, digital and external carinae; manus, fixed and movable fingers equipped with numerous short, straight, reddish macrosetae; numerous fine, translucent microsetae on fingers; fixed finger with 4 subdistal denticles proximal to distal tooth, 3–6 (4–5 in 9/12 fingers) primary denticle subrows, 3 external and 4–5 internal accessory denticles; movable finger with 4 subdistal denticles proximal to distal tooth, 3–5 (5 in 10/12 fingers) primary denticle subrows, 3–4 external and 4–5 internal accessory denticles.</p> <p>Trichobothriotaxy. Orthobothriotaxic or neobothriotaxic minorante, type Aβ (Vachon, 1974); among buthid petite trichobothria, femur d 2 and patella d 2 may be reduced or absent (femur d 2 was absent in 7/8 examined femora, patella d 2 was present in 8/8 examined patellae), chela Eb 3, Esb and esb usually present; patella with esb 1 level with or slightly distal to esb 2.</p> <p>Legs (Figs. 34–37). Relatively short, stout; femora with finely denticulate carinae, surfaces granulated prolaterally, smooth retrolaterally; patellae with weakly granulated carinae, faintly granular prolaterally, smooth retrolaterally; tibiae and tarsomeres smooth; legs III–IV with small tibial spurs; retrolateral pedal spurs simple, non-setose; prolateral pedal spurs basally bifurcate (weakly so on I), bearing 0–1 macrosetae; chaetotaxy: coxa, femora, patella and tibia of all legs bearing variable numbers of very short, straight reddish macrosetae; tarsi with mix of short and longer, reddish macrosetae; basitarsi I–III compressed, with bristle combs consisting of retrosuperior series of longer macrosetae, plus retroinferior and proinferior series of shorter macrosetae; bristle comb setal counts (retrosuperior/ retroinferior): I 4–5/6–9, II 4–6/9–11, III 5– 7/8–11; telotarsi with two rows of short setae on ventral aspect, 15–20 setae on telotarsus III.</p> <p>Female (Figs. 9–10, 14–16, 18, 20–30, 42, 148–150, 157). Coloration pattern very similar to that of male, but with fuscosity reduced or absent on dorsointernal surface of pedipalp patella (which thus appears mostly yellow on dorsal side). Other differences include: larger size (total length of adult males 18.5–19 mm, adult females 23–25 mm); carapace wider (L/ W 0.89 –1.00 in males, 0.85–0.87 in females), with much weaker granulation; tergites I–VI with much weaker, sparser granulation, anterior areas weakly, finely shagreened to smooth; tergite VII with weaker, finer granulation; weak, granulated median carinae present on metasomal segments I–III; metasomal segments I–III with weaker, finer granulation on intercarinal surfaces, dorsal surfaces very sparsely granular, weakly shagreened to smooth; segments II–III with stronger dentate granulation on ventrosubmedian carinae, posterior denticles larger than anterior denticles; female with lower mean number of denticles on ventrosubmedian carinae II (P = 0.0007) and III (P = 0.0001), the mean value of (left count + right count)/ 2 in males being II: 17.98 ± 1.68, III: 15.78 ± 1.53 (range II: 16–22, III 13–21, N = 20), and in females being II: 14.00 ± 2.61, III: 11.75 ± 1.71 (range II: 10–17, III 10– 16, N = 4); segment IV smooth dorsally, weakly granu-</p> <p>Neobuthus</p> <p>cloudsleythompsoni</p> <p>Lourenço</p> <p>,</p> <p>2001</p> <p>Measurement</p> <p>(</p> <p>mm</p> <p>)</p> <p>♂</p> <p>♂</p> <p>♀</p> <p>Total L 18.50 19.00 23.00</p> <p>Metasoma + Telson L 11.50 12.00 14.70</p> <p>Carapace L/ aW/ pW 2.368 /1.143 /2.674 2.408 /1.102 /2.629 2.810 /1.459 /3.245</p> <p>Preocular L 1.021 1.061 1.327</p> <p>Metasoma I L/ W/ D 1.470 /1.470 /1.286 1.490 /1.514 /1.296 1.678 /1.735 /1.510</p> <p>Metasoma II L/ W/ D 1.684 /1.337 /1.286 1.755 /1.408 /1.296 2.041 /1.551 /1.510</p> <p>Metasoma III L/ W/ D 1.837 /1.327 /1.306 1.959 /1.388 /1.265 2.286 /1.510 /1.470</p> <p>Metasoma IV L/ W/ D 2.204 /1.306 /1.225 2.286 /1.388 /1.245 2.572 /1.510 /1.347</p> <p>Metasoma V L/ W/ D 2.633 /1.337 /1.143 2.715 /1.388 /1.184 3.225 /1.592 /1.270</p> <p>Telson L 2.408 2.837</p> <p>Vesicle L/ W/ D 1.470 /0.939 /0.857 1.470 /0.980 /0.894 1.633 /1.184 /1.123</p> <p>Pedipalp chela L/ W/ D 2.398 /0.545 /0.531 2.531 /0.531 /0.592 3.123 /0.735 /0.776</p> <p>Pedipalp movable finger L 1.955 1.837 2.531</p> <p>Pedipalp manus ventral L 0.878 0.837 1.102</p> <p>Pedipalp fixed finger L 1.265 1.388 1.633</p> <p>Pedipalp femur L/ W 1.449 /0.620 1.551 /0.653 1.633 /0.735</p> <p>Pedipalp patella L/ W 1.980 /0.857 2.000 /0.796 2.449 /0.959</p> <p>Pectine L 2.327 2.443 2.123</p> <p>No. of lateral eyes Left/ Right 5 /5 5 /5 5/4</p> <p>late laterally, strongly granulate ventrally; segment V with larger lobate granules on posterior ventrolateral carinae, lateral surface smooth (not granulate); telson more bulbous, vesicle with steeper posterior face (may be truncate), aculeus more stout with tip directed at shallower angle; sternites III–VI completely smooth; sternite VII smooth except for very faintly shagreened posteromedial area, and lightly shagreened posterolateral area, medial carinae very weak or obsolete, lateral carinae weak, smooth; genital opercula more elongated, with 4–7 setae; pectine basal piece with shallower, broader anterior invagination, not strongly V-shaped; pectines with smaller teeth, shorter, distal tips extending to or just short of distal limit of coxa IV, 5–6 middle lamellae, basal middle lamella considerably narrower along axial dimension; pedipalp femur and chela more stout (compare L/ W ratios in Tab. 4); pedipalp femur with much weaker, sparser granulation, almost smooth; pedipalp patella and chela smooth; femora of legs smooth on prolateral surfaces; macrosetae on pedipalps, legs, metasoma and telson moderately longer and finer than in the male.</p> <p>Measurements. See Tab. 1.</p> <p>VARIATION. For variation in selected morphometric ratios and meristics, see Tabs. 4–5. Coloration patterns were consistent over the examined material, although the fuscous markings were darker in some individuals than in others.</p> <p>COMPARISONS. Pectinal tooth counts for N. cloudsleythompsoni were significantly lower than for N. eritreaensis sp. n., N. awashensis and N. kutcheri sp. n.. Compared to males of N. awashensis, males of N. cloudsleythompsoni have a higher mean number of denticles on ventromedian carinae of metasoma II (P = 0.0014) and III (P = 0.0243); mean value of (left count + right count)/ 2 in N. awashensis was II: 15.17 ± 1.66, III: 13.75 ± 2.60 (range II: 11–18, III 10–16, N = 6).</p> <p>REMARKS. In the original description, the holotype male was characterized as being orthobothriotaxic, but its depicted trichobothrial map shows several peculiarities: (i) on the pedipalp chela manus, trichobothrium Eb 3 is missing, a neobothriotaxic condition (Lourenço, 2001: 180, fig. 18); in contrast, we always observed Eb 3 on the manus (N = 18 chelae) (Fig. 27); (ii) on the pedipalp fixed finger, trichobothrium i is plotted in a far distal position, at 73 % of the distance from dt to the tip of the fixed finger (Lourenço, 2001: 180, fig. 18); in contrast, we found that trichobothrium i was located more proximally, at 50–60 % of the distance from dt to the tip of the fixed finger (N = 17 fingers) (Figs. 25–26); (iii) on the pedipalp patella, trichobothrium d 4 is plotted distal to d 5 (Lourenço, 2001: 180, fig. 17), an unprecedented configuration; in contrast, we found that d 4 was invariably located proximal to d 5 (N = 18 patellae) (Fig. 21), consistent with all other known type A patterns in extant buthids (Fet et al., 2005; Vachon, 1974).</p> <p>COMMENTS ON LOCALITIES AND LIFE STRATEGY. The second author visited the locality 13EW (Fig. 96) on 5 July 2013, spent a night there and collected with UV light 80 specimens of Neobuthus cloudsleythompsoni. Males were active immediately after sunset and were very common but the first adult female was collected at 21:30 h and other females near 23:00 h. Specimens were mostly found motionless on sand and remain so when picked up, faking death (this cataleptic behavior is also observed in all other species of Neobuthus). At the locality, the second author recorded on 5 July 2013, during day a temperature 34 ºC and humidity 43%, during sunset at 19:20 h a temperature of 28.7 ºC, which gradually dropped to 24.4 ºC (minimum temperature) before sunrise. Humidity during the night was a constant 40%. In addition to N. cloudsleythompsoni the second author recorded at this locality Hottentotta trilineatus (Peters, 1861), Parabuthus sp. and P. pallidus Pocock, 1895.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B37A31FFF8B8A68FF48FCDF058377D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lowe, Graeme;Kovařík, František	Lowe, Graeme, Kovařík, František (2016): Scorpions of the Horn of Africa (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part V. Two new species of Neobuthus Hirst, 1911 (Buthidae), from Ethiopia and Eritrea. Euscorpius 224: 1-46
7B37A31FFF818A7CFC54FC4B022870BC.text	7B37A31FFF818A7CFC54FC4B022870BC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neobuthus eritreaensis Lowe & Kovařík 2016	<div><p>Neobuthus eritreaensis sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs. 43–95, 97, 151–153, 159, 161, Tables 2, 4–5)</p> <p>http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F7</p> <p>213F2C-0DFD-48EB-AC5D-F9CDEDA05525</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Eritrea, near Massawa, 15°36'58.7" N 39°22'32.8" E, 74 m a.s.l. (Locality No. 15EI, Fig. 97), FKCP.</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. Eritrea, near Massawa, 15°36'58.7" N 39°22'32.8" E, 74 m a.s.l. (Locality No. 15EI, Fig. 97), 1♂ (holotype) 4♀1♀ im. (paratypes), FKCP, 1♂ 1♀ (paratypes), GL, 4.XI.2015, leg. F. Kovařík (UV detection); near Massawa, 15°36'55" 39°24'22"E, 30 m a.s.l., (Locality No. 15 EK), 2♂ 1♀ im. (paratypes), FKCP, 8.XI.2015, leg. F. Kovařík.</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. Named after the country of collection, as this is the first record of the genus in Eritrea.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. Total length 18 mm (male), 26.5 mm (female); carapace with area between anterior median carinae partially fuscous; tergites with 3 dark stripes, median stripe flanked on either side by broad longitudinal yellow bands that may be broken by fuscosity extending across anterior tergites; pedipalp relatively slender, males with femur L/ W 2.44 –2.53, patella L/ W 2.47 –2.55, chela L/ W 4.79 –5.06; chela movable finger with 6 subrows of primary denticles, 3–4 external accessory denticles flanking proximal end of each subrow; posterior margins of carapace and tergites usually lacking macrosetae, or sparsely setose with 1–2 macrosetae; pedipalps, legs, metasoma and telson with very short, stout macrosetae in males, long, fine setae in females; males with coxae and sternites III–VI densely, finely granular, sternite VII densely, finely granular without carinae or 2 vestigial median carinae; females with sternites III–VI smooth, sternite VII finely granular with 4 granulated carinae; metasoma I–III with median lateral carinae present in female, absent in male; lateral surface of metasoma V in males densely granulated, with granules separated; tarsi with relatively sparse setation, leg III of adults with 7–10 macrosetae in retroinferior series of basitarsus, 13–20 ventral macrosetae on telotarsus; pectine teeth: 15–19 (males), 12–15 (females).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION (HOLOTYPE MALE).</p> <p>Coloration (Figs. 43–44, 47–49, 53–54, 59, 61–67, 84– 90, 94). Base color light greenish yellow with extensive patterns of dark maculation. Carapace fuscosity distributed over interocular triangle including most of area between anterior median carinae (but lighter dirty yellowish in narrow midline zone); fuscous areas continuous on lateral flanks and post-ocular tubercle, reticulate in posterior lateral areas; posterior median area dark on median strip and transverse lines; ocular tubercle black, surrounded by elongate yellow patches on laterally; posterior margin of carapace dark on lateral and median borders. Tergites 3-striped, with fuscosity arranged longitudinally in narrow median and broad lateral bands; pale patches on either side of median stripe narrow, forming longitudinal ochraceous-yellow bands; on each tergite, lateral bands with more dense fuscosity on posterior part, broken by reticular or fenestrated patterning on anterior part, faint on pretergite. Sternites and coxosternal area pale yellow. Metasomal segments I–IV with fuscous median dorsal markings, darker and solid on segment I, lighter and more diffuse on II–IV, forming anteriorly-directed trident pattern on II–III, divergent trilineate pattern on IV; lateral areas of dorsal surfaces of I–IV between dorsosubmedian carinae yellow; dorsolateral surfaces with reticulated pigmentation, dorsolateral carinae I–IV marked by darker broad stripe; lateral and ventral surfaces of I–III pale yellow with thin dark stripes on ventrolateral and ventrosubmedian carinae, stripes very faint on I, increasingly darker on II–III; lateral and ventral surfaces of IV dirty yellow or yellow, ventrolateral carinae marked by thin line, areas of ventrosubmedian carinae by broad dark bands; segment V with alternating strips of reticulated and solid fuscosity on anterior 4/5, yellow on posterior 1/5, anterior median zone of dorsal surface with long brownish-yellow patch. Telson vesicle yellow, aculeus brownish-yellow on basal half, dark reddish-black on distal half. Chelicera with dark transverse band on subdistal area of dorsal manus, yellow on internal and external margins; posterior edge of dark band transitioning to faded reticulation, with remaining basal areas of dorsal manus uniformly pale yellow. Pedipalps mostly pale yellow with dark markings on some carinae of femur, patella and chela; fuscous stripes heavier on distal dorsal and lower internal surfaces of femur, and external and internal surfaces of patella; patella uniformly yellow on dorsal surface between dorsoexternal and dorsointernal carinae, sparsely reticular on dorsointernal surface; ventral surface of femur and patella pale yellow; pedipalp chela manus with weak fuscosity on distal dorsal manus, and along positions of dorsointernal and interomedian carinae; pedipalp fingers yellow. Legs with fuscous longitudinal stripes along distal half of dorsal, distal retrosuperior, and proinferior surfaces of femur, and retrosuperior surface of patella.</p> <p>Carapace (Figs. 43, 47, 49, 53, 94). Strongly trapezoidal, anterior width 0.36 times posterior width, wider than long (L/ W 0.83); posterior median postocular area flat, anterior median preocular area gently slope downwards towards anterior margin; lateral flanks steeply sloped; ocular tubercle broad, prominent, located slightly anterior to middle of carapace (preocular distance 0.45 times carapace length); median eyes large, separated by 1.25 times their diameter (viewed in dorsal projection); anterior margin straight, finely microdenticulate, with coarser granules overlapping edge, bearing 8 macrosetae; lateral margins finely denticulate; anterior median carinae weak, coarsely granular, with pair of macrosetae in front of ocular tubercle; other carinae indistinct; dense granulation covering most of carapace, interrupted only by short longitudinal smooth patches lateral to ocular tubercle, and restricted transverse smooth patches behind ocular tubercle and in locations of posterior transverse, posterior marginal, and posterior lateral furrows; posterior margin of carapace almost smooth, with only very fine micro-crenulations; carapace lacking other macrosetae except for one on right superciliary carina, and one on posterior median margin.</p> <p>Chelicera. Manus smooth on dorsal side, with coarse granules in transverse subapical row extending from dorsointernal carina, and small granule clusters at base of movable finger; dorsointernal carina strong, almost smooth; chaetotaxy: 4 straight macrosetae on anterior dorsal surface, including 1 large dark seta on dorsointernal carina, 1 pale seta on subapical granule row, 2 pale setae on apical margin; 2 dorsal microsetae on distal half of movable finger; brush of longer curved setae on internodorsal surface at base of fixed finger; fingers with typical buthid dentition (Vachon, 1963); fixed finger with large distal denticle, 1 subdistal denticle and 2 basal denticles fused into bicusp, single denticle on ventral surface at level of bicusp; dorsal margin of movable finger with 5 denticles: 1 large distal denticle, mediumsized subdistal and medial, and 2 small, partially fused basal denticles; ventral margin with 2 denticles: 1 large distal, 1 small subdistal; dense fields of fine setae on ventrointernal surfaces of movable finger and anterior manus.</p> <p>Coxosternal area (Figs. 44, 48, 54). Coxae weakly, finely granulated, coxa I–II endites with weaker, sparser granulation, almost smooth; coxae I–III with mixture of short, straight macrosetae and longer curved dark reddish macrosetae: 4–8 on coxa I, 9–12 on II, 4–5 on III; coxa IV with single macroseta near anterior end, close to sternum, otherwise devoid of setae; sternum subtriangular, smooth, with deep posteromedian invagination, posterior transverse sulcus and 2 short reddish macrosetae; genital opercula smooth, cordate, with 4–5 short reddish macrosetae; genital papillae present.</p> <p>Pectines (Figs. 44, 48, 54). Basal piece smooth, with deep V-shaped anterior median invagination, 4 short reddish macrosetae; pectines long, distal tips extending to proximal 0.4 of length of trochanter IV; combs with 3 marginal lamellae, 6–8 middle lamellae, 20–20 teeth; posterobasal vertex of basal middle lamella slightly extended, angulate; marginal lamellae, middle lamellae and fulcra with dense cover of short dark reddish macrosetae; fulcra with 2–4 setae; when anterior margins of left and right pectines are aligned with posterior edges of coxae IV, first and second teeth at base of combs overlap completely.</p> <p>Hemispermatophore (Figs. 91–93). Elongate, slender, trunk 6.7 times length of capsule region; flagellum well separated from external lobe, pars recta short with internal lamina, pars reflecta narrower, cylindriform, slightly longer than pars recta; capsule region with 4 lobes at base of flagellum; external lobe longest, apically rounded; median lobe carinate, apically rounded; internal lobe apically truncate, same length as median lobe; basal lobe strongly developed, forming a pointed hook.</p> <p>Mesosoma (Figs. 43–44, 47–49, 94). Moderately elongate, ca. 2 times length of carapace. Tergites: pretergites smooth with finely micro-crenulate posterior margins; tergites I–VI a weak granular median carina only developed in posterior half; tergites III–VI with weakly indicated granular lateral carinae near posterior margins; tergites I–VI densely granular, with coarser granules on posterior lateral areas; tergite VII densely granular, with slight median hump, paired inner and lateral carinae weakly indicated, granular, outer laterals obsolete; posterior margins with very fine, microdenticulations in tergites I–VI, smooth in tergite VII; all tergites devoid of macrosetae. Sternites: presternites IV–VII smooth, posterior margins very weakly micro-crenulate; sternites III–VI densely covered with weak, fine granulation, with transverse slit-like spiracles; areas of III covered by pectines very finely micro-shagreened; sternite V with posterior marginal smooth patch free of granulation; sternite VII densely, finely granulated; median carinae weak or vestigial, granular, confined to posterior 2/3, lateral carinae obsolete; lateral margins of all sternites finely denticulate; sternite macrosetae (non-marginal/ marginal): III 8/8, IV 5/11, V 6/12, VI 5/14, VII 8/6; setae on sternite VII similar to setae on III–VI.</p> <p>Metasoma (Figs. 43–44, 84–86, 94). Moderately elongate, total length of segments I–V 1.5 times length of prosoma + mesosoma; segment I as wide as long, segments II–V progressively longer than wide (L/W ratio increasing from 1.2 to 2.0); carination: segments I–II with 10 carinae, III with 8 carinae, IV–V with 2 carinae; segments I–III with moderate, granulate ventrosubmedian and ventrolateral carinae, weak to vestigial, granulate dorsosubmedian carinae, obsolete dorsolateral carinae; lateral median carinae weak, granulate on I, very weakly indicated by granule series on II, obsolete on III; segment IV with weakly indicated, granulate ventrolateral carinae; segment V with strong, granulate to dentate-lobate ventrolateral carinae; granulation: segments I–III with dense granulation on all intercarinal surfaces; segment IV densely granulated except for bilateral posterior smooth patches on dorsal surface; segment V densely granular on lateral and ventral surfaces, more coarsely so on ventral surface, granules not arranged into any traces of carinae; lateral anal lobe with strong notch towards ventral end, ventral anal arc with ca. 10 weak crenulations; chaetotaxy: segments I–IV with scattered macrosetae on carinae and intercarinal surfaces; lateral surface of segment V with macrosetae arrayed in 2 longitudinal rows of 6–9 setae near dorsal and ventral margins, ventral surface with sparsely scattered setae; dorsal surfaces of all segments bare; all metasomal setae short to very short, straight, reddish, shorter and more stout than coxosternal and sternal setae.</p> <p>Telson (Figs. 43–44, 84–86, 94). Vesicle slightly elongated, posterior surface steeply sloped, not quite truncate; aculeus stout, shorter than vesicle, tip of aculeus directed almost vertically; ventral surface sparsely, weakly granular, with scattered anteriorly-directed, stout, reddish macrosetae.</p> <p>Pedipalps (Figs. 43–44, 57, 59, 61–67, 94). Femur: moderately elongated, 2.53 times longer than wide; dorsoexternal and external carinae weak, granulated; other carinae obsolete; dorsal, external and internal surfaces with sparse fine granules, ventral surface sparsely shagreened, almost smooth; 4–5 distal external accessory macrosetae. Patella: moderately elongated, 2.55 times longer than wide; external, dorsoexternal, dorsomedian, dorsointernal, internal carinae weak, with coarse granules; ventrointernal carina vestigial, marked by series of medium to fine granules; ventral and ventroexternal carinae obsolete; dorsoexternal, dorsal and upper internal surfaces with sparse, coarse granules, some areas smooth; ventrointernal, ventral and ventroexternal surfaces smooth or almost smooth with few fine granules; short, straight reddish macrosetae scattered sparsely over carinae. Chela: Short, relatively stout, 5.06 times longer than wide; fingers robust, movable finger 1.78 times manus ventral length; manus and fingers smooth, carinae obsolete; manus, fixed and movable fingers with sparse short, straight, reddish macrosetae; numerous fine, translucent microsetae on fingers; fixed finger with 4 subdistal denticles proximal to distal tooth, 6 primary denticle subrows, 3–4 external and 6 internal accessory denticles; movable finger with 4 subdistal denticles proximal to distal tooth, 5 primary denticle subrows, 3 external and 5 internal accessory denticles; right chela malformed, with conspicuous, broadly rimmed, crater-like depression between fixed finger trichobothria eb and esb.</p> <p>Trichobothriotaxy. Neobothriotaxic minorante, type Aβ (Vachon, 1974); femur d 2 vestigial, indistinguishable from chemotactic microsetae, patella d 2 slightly larger; other buthid petite trichobothria, chela Eb 3, Esb and esb present; patella with esb 1 slightly proximal to esb 2 on left segment, slight distal to it on right segment.</p> <p>Legs (Figs. 87–90). Relatively elongated; femora with finely granulate or denticulate carinae, surfaces finely granulated prolaterally, faintly granulated or smooth retrolaterally; patellae with weakly granulated carinae, faintly granular prolaterally, smooth retrolaterally; tibiae and tarsomeres smooth; legs III–IV with small tibial spurs; retrolateral pedal spurs simple, non-setose; prolateral pedal spurs simple, non-setose on I–II, basally bifurcate, bearing single macroseta on III–IV; chaetotaxy: coxa, femora, patella and tibia of all legs bearing variable numbers of short to medium length, straight, dark-reddish macrosetae; tarsi with mix of short and longer, dark-reddish macrosetae; basitarsi I–III slightly compressed with flat retrolateral surfaces, with bristle combs consisting of retrosuperior series of longer macrosetae, plus retroinferior and proinferior series of shorter macrosetae; bristle comb setal counts (retrosuperior/ retroinferior): I 4/6, II 4–5/8, III 6/8–9; telotarsi with two rows of short setae on ventral aspect, 16– 18 setae on telotarsus III.</p> <p>Paratype female (Figs. 45–46, 50–52, 55–56, 58, 60, 68–83, 95, 151–153, 159). Color pattern very similar to that of male, but fuscous patterns weaker on metasoma, and on dorsolateral surfaces of metasomal segments I– III. Other differences from male include: larger size (total length of adult male 18.0 mm, adult female 26.5 mm); carapace with less dense granulation, coarser wellseparated granules on interocular triangle; tergites with sparser granulation, anterior areas finely shagreened medially, smooth laterally; tergite VII with weaker, finer granulation; weak, granulated median carinae present on metasomal segments I–III; metasomal segments I–III sparser granulation on intercarinal surfaces, dorsal surface of I–II very sparsely granular, of III–V smooth; all metasomal carinae more strongly developed; segments II–III with stronger dentate granulation on ventrosubmedian carinae, posterior denticles larger than anterior denticles; segment V with larger lobate granules on posterior ventrolateral carinae, lateral surface weakly, sparsely granular; telson more bulbous, with stronger granulation, sternites III–V completely smooth, IV smooth medially, sparsely granulated laterally; sternite VII with nearly uniform, fine granulation, somewhat more sparse than in male, 2 pairs of carinae well marked by enlarged granules; genital opercula more elongated, with 4–5 setae, posterior ends overlapping pectine basal piece; pectine basal piece with shallower, broader Ushaped anterior invagination; pectines with smaller teeth, shorter, distal tips extending to distal limit of coxa IV, 6–7 middle lamellae, basal middle lamella somewhat narrower along axial dimension; pedipalp chela more stout (compare L/ W ratios in Tab.4); pedipalp femur with much weaker, sparser granulation, almost smooth; pedipalp patella and chela smooth; femora and patellae of legs smooth on prolateral surfaces; macrosetae on pedipalps, legs, metasoma and telson much longer and finer than in the male.</p> <p>Measurements. See Tab. 2.</p> <p>VARIATION. For variation in selected morphometric ratios and meristics, see Tabs. 4–5. Coloration patterns were fairly consistent across the examined material, although fuscous markings could be lighter or darker in some individuals.</p> <p>COMPARISONS. N. eritreaensis sp. n. is similar to N. cloudsleythompsoni, sharing a 3-striped pattern on the tergites, very short macrosetae on male pedipalps and metasoma, and granulated male sternites. It differs from N. cloudsleythompsoni as follows: fuscosity infiltrating area between anterior median carinae of carapace (vs. clear), female sternite VII granulated with four granulated carinae (vs. smooth with carinae obsolete), higher mean pectinal tooth count (Tab. 5), more stout metasomal segments (Tab. 4), ventral surface of telson strongly granulated (vs. weakly granulated or smooth).</p> <p>COMMENTS ON LOCALITIES AND LIFE STRATEGY. The second author visited the locality 15EI (Fig. 97) on 4 November 2015 and collected with UV light. Males of Neobuthus eritreaensis sp. n. were active immediately after sunset but females appeared later. At the locality, the second author recorded after sunset air temperature 31.5°C. In addition to N. eritreaensis sp. n. he recorded at this locality Compsobuthus sp. On 8 November 2015, the second author stopped on the second locality 15EK very near to 15EI and found</p> <p>Neobuthus</p> <p>eritreaensis</p> <p>sp</p> <p>.</p> <p>n</p> <p>.</p> <p>Measurement</p> <p>(</p> <p>mm</p> <p>)</p> <p>Holotype</p> <p>♂</p> <p>Paratype</p> <p>♀</p> <p>Total L 18.00 26.50</p> <p>Metasoma + Telson L 11.50 17.00</p> <p>Carapace L/ aW/ pW 2.368 /1.041 /2.857 3.266 /1.633 /3.796</p> <p>Preocular L 1.072 1.510</p> <p>Metasoma I L/ W/ D 1.510 /1.612 /1.408 2.123 /2.204 /1.878</p> <p>Metasoma II L/ W/ D 1.714 /1.429 /1.388 2.449 /2.000 /1.959</p> <p>Metasoma III L/ W/ D 1.959 /1.388 /1.388 2.602 /1.970 /1.908</p> <p>Metasoma IV L/ W/ D 2.143 /1.408 /1.347 3.082 /2.000 /1.837</p> <p>Metasoma V L/ W/ D 2.612 /1.327 /1.174 3.653 /1.837 /1.596</p> <p>Telson L 2.306 2.898</p> <p>Vesicle L/ W/ D 1.347 /0.898 /0.847 1.755 /1.286 /1.190</p> <p>Pedipalp chela L/ W/ D 2.531 /0.500 /0.531 3.429 /0.755 /0.806</p> <p>Pedipalp movable finger L 1.633 2.204</p> <p>Pedipalp manus ventral L 0.918 1.286</p> <p>Pedipalp fixed finger L 1.367 1.735</p> <p>Pedipalp femur L/ W 1.551 /0.612 2.041 /0.837</p> <p>Pedipalp patella L/ W 2.000 /0.786 2.755 /1.102</p> <p>Pectine L 2.204 2.633</p> <p>No. of lateral eyes Left/ Right 5/ 5 5/ 5</p> <p>three specimens during day under stones lying in sand near Acacia trees. In addition to N. eritreaensis sp. n. the second author recorded at this locality Compsobuthus sp. and Parabuthus abyssinicus (Pocock, 1901).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B37A31FFF818A7CFC54FC4B022870BC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lowe, Graeme;Kovařík, František	Lowe, Graeme, Kovařík, František (2016): Scorpions of the Horn of Africa (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part V. Two new species of Neobuthus Hirst, 1911 (Buthidae), from Ethiopia and Eritrea. Euscorpius 224: 1-46
7B37A31FFF958A4BFEF9FA9303FF7598.text	7B37A31FFF958A4BFEF9FA9303FF7598.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neobuthus kutcheri Lowe & Kovařík 2016	<div><p>Neobuthus kutcheri sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs. 98–147, 154–156, 160–161, Tables 3–5)</p> <p>http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E4</p> <p>57D996-6534-4C1A-BBA5-805DD6AEAAD9</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Ethiopia, Somali State, Liben region, Filtu, 05°06'48.7" N 40°39'18.3" E, 1229 m a.s.l. (Locality No. 14EG, Figs. 146–147), FKCP.</p> <p>TYPE MATERIAL. Ethiopia, Somali State, Liben region, Filtu, 05°06'48.7" N 40°39'18.3" E, 1229 m a.s.l., (Locality No. 14EG, Figs. 146–147), 19.-21.XI.2014, 4♂ (holotype and paratypes) 6♀5♀ ims.7juvs. (paratypes), FKCP, 2♂ 3♀3♀ ims.2juvs. (paratypes), GL, leg. F. Kovařík et al. (UV detection).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. A patronym in honor of Steven R. Kutcher, California, for his friendship and lifelong dedication to promoting insects and arachnids in education, arts and entertainment.</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. Carapace with area between anterior median carinae yellow; tergites 3-striped with fuscous markings discontinuous, extending into median area, pale patches on either side of median stripe narrowed, disrupted and not forming broad longitudinal yellow bands; pedipalp relatively stout, males with femur L/ W 2.28 –2.30; patella L/ W 2.19 –2.32, chela L/ W 4.40 –4.50; chela movable finger with 4–6 subrows of primary denticles, 4–5 external accessory denticles flanking proximal end of each subrow; trichobothria d 2 usually present on patella; posterior margins of carapace and tergites lacking macrosetae; pedipalps, legs, metasoma and telson with moderate length, mostly straight macrosetae in males, and long, fine curved setae in females; males with coxae and sternites III–VI smooth, sternite VII finely granulated with 4 weak, granulated carinae; females with sternites III–VI smooth, sternite VII sparsely shagreened with 4 weak carinae, metasoma I– III with median lateral carinae present in both sexes; lateral surface of metasoma V in males with granules fused to form rugose texture, without dense granulation; tarsi densely setose, telotarsi furnished with brushes of long macrosetae, leg III of adults with 7–15 macrosetae in retroinferior series of basitarsus, 24–37 ventral macrosetae on telotarsus; pectine teeth: 17–20 (males), 15–19 (females).</p> <p>DESCRIPTION (HOLOTYPE MALE).</p> <p>Coloration (Figs. 98–99, 102–104, 108–109, 112, 114– 121, 129, 134–140, 144). Base color orange/ brownishyellow with extensive, elaborate patterns of dark maculation. Carapace with fuscosity over lateral interocular triangle from ocular tubercle, but dark pigment excluded from area between anterior median carinae; fuscosity extending back continuously on lateral flanks, connecting behind ocular tubercle via transverse stripes on posterior median area; ocular tubercle black, bordered by pale patches laterally and posteriorly; posterior margin of carapace with dark border and median triangular patch of dark pigment. Tergites 3-striped, with fuscosity arranged longitudinally in narrow median and broad lateral bands; pale patches on either side of median stripe narrow, disrupted, not forming broad longitudinal yellow bands; on each tergite, lateral bands with fuscosity almost solid on posterior part, broken by reticular or fenestrated patterning on anterior part, solid on pretergite. Sternites and coxosternal area yellow.</p> <p>Metasomal segments I–IV bearing broken fuscous patterns on dorsal surfaces, other surfaces with longitudinal fuscous markings associated with carinae; segment V with fuscosity on posterior 1/3 of dorsal surface, with dorsolateral dark bands and 2 finer dorsal stripes extending to anterior 2/3 of segment; lateral surface of segment V with dark fenestration, ventral surface with 3 longitudinal fuscous bands broadening and fusing posteriorly; posterior-most margin of segment V yellow. Telson with vesicle uniformly yellow, aculeus yellow on basal 1/3, dark reddish-black on distal 2/3. Chelicera with dark pigment on dorsal surface of manus, forming broad continuous band along anterior margin, reticulated pattern restricted to distal half of manus (proximal half clear). Pedipalps with dark or reticulated pigmentation associated with carinae on femur and patella, with more extensive fuscosity on distal dorsal and distal internal surfaces of femur, and ventroexternal and internal surfaces of patella; ventral surface of femur and patella mostly yellow; chela with broad longitudinal dark bands on manus, extending to proximal fixed and movable fingers. Legs with limited fuscosity on dorsal, prodistal and retrodistal surfaces of femur, extensive fuscosity on retrodorsal surface of patella.</p> <p>Carapace (Figs. 98, 102, 104, 108, 144). Strongly trapezoidal, anterior width 0.45 times posterior width, wider than long (L/ W 0.91); posterior median postocular area flat, anterior median preocular area gently slope downwards towards anterior margin; lateral flanks steeply sloped; ocular tubercle broad, prominent. located near middle of carapace (preocular distance 0.47 times carapace length); median eyes large, separated by 1.5 times their diameter (viewed in dorsal projection); anterior margin straight, almost smooth, with 8 macrosetae; lateral margins finely denticulate; anterior median carinae weak, granular, with single pair of macrosetae at 1/5 distance to anterior margin; other carinae indistinct; dense granulation covering surface of carapace, interrupted only by restricted smooth patches corresponding to locations of central transverse, central lateral, posterior transverse, posterior marginal, and posterior lateral furrows; posterior margin of carapace with very fine, microdenticulations.</p> <p>Chelicera. Manus smooth on dorsal side, with subapical transverse series of large granules; dorsointernal carina at base of fixed finger strong, weakly crenulate; chaetotaxy: one long, reddish macroseta on dorsointernal carina, one short reddish macrosetae in anterior median area, 2 pale macrosetae on internal anterior margin; two pale dorsal microsetae on distal half of movable finger; brush of longer curved setae on internodorsal surface at base of fixed finger; fingers with typical buthid dentition (Vachon, 1963); fixed finger with large distal denticle, 1 subdistal denticle and 2 basal denticles fused into bicusp, single denticle on ventral surface at level of bicusp; dorsal margin of movable finger with 5 denticles: 1 large distal denticle, medium-sized subdistal and medial, and 2 small basal denticles; ventral margin with 2 denticles: 1 large distal, 1 small subdistal; dense fields of fine setae on ventrointernal surfaces of movable finger and anterior manus.</p> <p>Coxosternal area (Figs. 99, 103, 109). Coxae smooth, coxa III with finely granular anterior margin; coxa I–II with numerous long reddish macrosetae, 12–14 on coxa I, 12–13 on coxa II endite and margins (main surface of II bare); coxa III with 6 long reddish macrosetae on anterior margin; coxa IV with single macroseta near anterior end, close to sternum, otherwise devoid of setae; sternum subtriangular, smooth, with deep median invagination, posterior transverse sulcus and 2 short reddish macrosetae; genital opercula smooth, cordate, with 4 short reddish macrosetae; genital papillae present.</p> <p>Pectines (Figs. 99, 103, 109). Basal piece smooth, with deep V-shaped anterior median invagination, 3 short reddish macrosetae; pectines long, distal tips extending to proximal 1/6 of trochanter IV; combs with 3 marginal lamellae, 7–8 middle lamellae, 20–19 (right–left) teeth; posterobasal vertex of basal middle lamella extended, angulate; marginal lamellae, middle lamellae and fulcra with dense cover of medium length reddish macrosetae; fulcra with 3–6 setae; when anterior margins of left and right pectines are aligned with posterior edges of coxae IV, first and second teeth at base of combs overlap completely.</p> <p>Hemispermatophore (Figs. 141–143). Elongate, slen- der, trunk 6.15 times length of capsule region; flagellum well separated from external lobe, pars recta short with internal lamina, pars reflecta ca. 1.5 times longer, cylindriform; capsule region with 4 lobes at base of flagellum; external lobe longest, apically rounded; median lobe carinate, apically truncate; internal lobe acuminate, same length as median lobe; basal lobe strongly developed, forming a pointed hook.</p> <p>Mesosoma (Figs. 98–99, 102–104, 108–109, 144). Long, narrow, 2.33 times length of carapace. Tergites: pretergites smooth, posterior margins almost smooth with very fine micro-denticulation; tergites I–VI a weak granular median carina only developed in posterior half; tergites III–VI with traces of granular lateral carinae near posterior margins; tergites I–VI densely finely granular, with coarser granulation on posterior lateral areas; tergite VII finely granulate, with slight median hump, paired inner and outer lateral carinae very weakly indicated, granular; posterior margins with very fine, microdenticulations in tergites I–VI, smooth in tergite VII; all tergites devoid of macrosetae. Sternites: presternites IV–VII smooth, posterior margins smooth; sternites III–VI nearly completely smooth, only III weakly micro-shagreened on areas covered by pectines and V–VI weakly micro-shagreened on outer lateral areas, with transverse slit-like spiracles; sternite VII finely granulated, posterior 2/3 with 4 weak, granular carinae; lateral margins of all sternites weakly denticulate or crenulate; sternite macrosetae (non-marginal/ marginal): III 15/9, IV 5/21, V 5/19, VI 5/21, VII 11/9; setae on sternite VII shorter, thicker than setae on III– VI.</p> <p>Metasoma (Figs. 98–99, 134–136, 144). Moderately elongate, total length of segments I–V 1.4 times length of prosoma + mesosoma; segment I slightly wider than long, segments II–V progressively longer than wide (L/W ratio increasing from 1.17 to 2.09); carination: segments I–II with 10 carinae, III with 8 carinae, IV–V with 2 carinae; segments I–II with moderate to strong, granulate or crenulate ventrosubmedian and ventrolateral carinae, weak, granulate lateral median carinae, and very weak or slightly indicated, granulate dorsolateral and dorsosubmedian carinae; segment III with moderate, granulate or crenulate ventrosubmedian and ventrolateral carinae, very weak or slightly indicated, granulate lateral median, dorsolateral and dorsosubmedian carinae; segment IV with weak, crenulated ventrolateral carinae; segment V with strong, granulate to lobate ventrolateral carinae; median lateral carinae complete on I–II, obsolete on anterior 1/4 of III; granulation: segments I–III with dense granulation on all intercarinal surfaces, coarser on dorsal areas; segment IV densely granulated on ventral and lateral surfaces, smooth on dorsal surface except for fine granulation in posterior median area; segment V with lateral surface coarsely roughened, granulation merging into rugose texture, ventral surface granulate-rugose studded with large rectangular granules on posterior half; lateral anal lobe with notch towards ventral end, ventral anal arc weakly crenulated with 9 fine notches; chaetotaxy: segments I–IV with scattered macrosetae on carinae and intercarinal surfaces; lateral surface of segment V with macrosetae arrayed in 2 longitudinal rows of 8–11 setae near dorsal and ventral margins, ventral surface with sparsely scattered setae; all metasomal setae of moderate length, straight, reddish, similar to those on sternite VII, shorter and more stout than coxosternal setae.</p> <p>Telson (Figs. 98–99, 134–136, 144). Vesicle moderately elongated, posterior surface truncate; aculeus stout, shorter than vesicle, tip of aculeus directed vertically; ventral surface with scattered anteriorly-directed, stout, reddish macrosetae.</p> <p>Pedipalps (Figs. 98–99, 112, 114–121, 129, 144). Femur: relatively stout, 2.28 times longer than wide; dorsoexternal, internal and ventrointernal carinae weak, granulated; external carina moderate, granulated; other carinae obsolete; granulation moderate and coarser on dorsal surface, sparse and finer on internal and ventral surfaces; external surface nearly smooth; 4–5 distal external accessory macrosetae. Patella: relatively stout, 2.32 times longer than wide; dorsomedian, dorsointernal and internal carinae weak, finely granulated; external carina weak, nearly smooth; other carinae obsolete; dorsal, upper internal and upper external surfaces finely granulated, ventral surface micro-shagreened or smooth; scattered short, straight reddish macrosetae on carinae, 5 on internal surface. Chela: Short, relatively stout, 4.50 times longer than wide; fingers robust, movable finger 1.84 times manus ventral length; carinae obsolete, all surfaces smooth; manus and fixed finger sparsely equipped with short, straight, reddish macrosetae, including regular ring of 10 around proximal edge of manus; numerous fine, translucent microsetae on fingers; movable finger with numerous short macrosetae on ventral aspect; fixed finger with 4 subdistal denticles proximal to distal tooth, 5 primary denticle subrows, 4 external and 5 internal accessory denticles; movable finger with 3 subdistal denticles proximal to distal tooth, 6 primary denticle subrows, 4 external and 6 internal accessory denticles.</p> <p>Trichobothriotaxy. Orthobothriotaxic or neobothriotaxic minorante, type Aβ (Vachon, 1974); among buthid petite trichobothria, femur d 2 may be absent (absent in 6/8 examined femora), patella d 2, chela Eb 3, Esb and esb are present; patella with esb 1 level with or slightly distal to esb 2.</p> <p>Legs (Figs. 137–140). Relatively short, stout; femora with weakly denticulate dorsal and ventral carinae, surfaces granulated prolaterally, smooth retrolaterally; patellae with weakly denticulate prolateral and ventral carinae, smooth dorsal carinae, all surfaces smooth or nearly smooth; tibiae and tarsomeres smooth; legs III–IV with small tibial spurs; retrolateral pedal spurs simple, nonsetose; prolateral pedal spurs basally bifurcate, bearing 0 (I), 1 (II), 2 (III–IV) macrosetae; chaetotaxy: coxa, femora, patella and tibia of all legs bearing a mix of short and moderate length, straight reddish macrosetae; tarsi with longer, finer reddish macrosetae; basitarsi I–III compressed, with bristle combs consisting of retrosuperior series of longer macrosetae, plus retroinferior and proinferior series of shorter macrosetae; bristle comb setal counts (retrosuperior/ retroinferior/ proinferior; left-right): I 4-5 /12-10 /9-10, II 5-5 /13-16 /12- 12, III 6-7/ 14-13/ 13-13; telotarsi hirsute on ventral aspect, more densely so on more posterior legs, bearing two series of numerous long, fine macrosetae, with setal counts (left-right): I 13-11, II 21-22, III 33-37; IV 48-47. Paratype female (Figs. 100–101, 105–107, 110–111, 113, 122–128, 131–133, 145, 154–156, 160). Coloration pattern similar to that of male. Differs as follows: larger size (total length 31 mm, holotype male is 23 mm); carapace wider (L/ W 0.851), with weaker, finer granulation; tergites I–VI with much weaker granulation,</p> <p>Neobuthus</p> <p>kutcheri</p> <p>sp</p> <p>.</p> <p>n</p> <p>.</p> <p>Measurement</p> <p>(</p> <p>mm</p> <p>)</p> <p>Holotype</p> <p>♂</p> <p>Paratype</p> <p>male</p> <p>♂</p> <p>Paratype</p> <p>♀</p> <p>Total L 23.00 21.50 31.00</p> <p>Metasoma + Telson L 14.00 13.70 17.00</p> <p>Carapace L/ aW/ pW 2.674 /1.327 /2.939 2.572 /1.245 /2.694 3.449 /1.796 /4.062</p> <p>Carapace preocular L 1.245 1.225 1.633</p> <p>Metasoma I L/ W/ D 1.735 /1.853 /1.531 1.633 /1.796 /1.551 2.194 /2.306 /1.939</p> <p>Metasoma II L/ W/ D 2.000 /1.714 /1.551 1.919 /1.674 /1.592 2.490 /2.092 /1.959</p> <p>Metasoma III L/ W/ D 2.296 /1.704 /1.572 2.163 /1.653 /1.592 2.674 /2.082 /1.919</p> <p>Metasoma IV L/ W/ D 2.647 /1.714 /1.514 2.531 /1.633 /1.531 3.164 /2.070 /1.878</p> <p>Metasoma V L/ W/ D 3.137 /1.500 /1.337 3.062 /1.592 /1.316 3.898 /1.857 /1.714</p> <p>Telson L 2.572 2.449 3.225</p> <p>Vesicle L/ W/ D 1.674 /1.061 /0.969 1.510 /1.029 /0.939 2.021 /1.429 /1.306</p> <p>Pedipalp chela L/ W/ D 2.919/ 0.649/ 0.684 2.857/ 0.643/ 0.663 3.796/ 1.000/ 1.014</p> <p>Pedipalp movable finger L 1.955 1.837 2.531</p> <p>Pedipalp manus ventral L 1.061 1.021 1.388</p> <p>Pedipalp fixed finger L 1.551 1.429 1.898</p> <p>Pedipalp femur L/ W 1.674 / 0.735 1.592/ 0.694 2.000/ 0.959</p> <p>Pedipalp patella L/ W 2.347 / 1.010 2.143/ 0.980 2.919/ 1.357</p> <p>Pectine L 2.653 2.408 2.694</p> <p>No. of lateral eyes Left/ Right 5 /5 4 /5 5 /5</p> <p>posterior width (pW), depth (D).</p> <p>anterior areas finely shagreened or nearly smooth, posterior areas with sparser granulation; tergite VII with sparser, finer granulation; metasomal segments with sparser, finer granulation on all surfaces, dorsal surfaces of segments I–III nearly smooth; segments II–III with stronger dentate granulation on ventrosubmedian carinae, posterior granules larger than anterior granules; segment V with larger lobate granules on posterior ventrolateral carinae, lateral surface smooth (not rugosegranulose); telson more bulbous, aculeus more stout with tip directed sub-vertically; sternites III–VI completely smooth; sternite VII smooth anteriorly, with sparse, fine granulation posteromedially, densely shagreened posterolaterally; genital opercula more elongated, with 8–9 setae; pectine basal piece with shallower, broader anterior invagination, not strongly Vshaped; pectines with smaller teeth, shorter, distal tips not extending past distal limit of coxa IV, 6–7 middle lamellae, basal middle lamella slightly narrower along axial dimension; pedipalp segments shorter, more stout, L/ W ratios: femur 2.09, patella 2.15, chela 3.80; pedipalp femur with weaker, sparser granulation; patella</p> <p>Morphometric Ratio Neobuthus cloudsleythompsoni Neobuthus eritreaensis sp. Neobuthus</p> <p>Lourenço, 2001 n.</p> <p>♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ Metasoma I L/ W 0.98 – 1.08 0.97 – 1.17 0.94 0.90 – 0.96 0.91 – 0.94 1.02 ± 0.05 (3) 1.01 ± 0.07 (8) 0.94 ± 0.03 (3) Metasoma II L/ W 1.25 – 1.26 (2) 1.27 – 1.34 1.20 1.10 – 1.22 1.15 – 1.17 1.30 ± 0.03 (7) 1.15 ± 0.07 (3) Metasoma III L/ W 1.39 – 1.41 (2) 1.38 – 1.51 1.41 1.26 – 1.32 1.31 – 1.35 1.45 ± 0.05 (7) 1.29 ± 0.03 (3) Metasoma IV L/ W 1.65 – 1.69 (2) 1.61 – 1.75 1.52 1.51 – 1.58 1.54 – 1.55 1.69 ± 0.05 (7) 1.54 ± 0.04 (3) Metasoma V L/ W 1.96 – 2.09 1.88 – 2.19 1.97 1.99 – 2.05 1.92 – 2.09 2.01 ± 0.07 (3) 2.07 ± 0.09 (8) 2.03 ± 0.03 (3) Telson vesicle L/D 1.64 – 1.71 (2) 1.36 – 1.46 1.59 1.39 – 1.52 1.61 – 1.73 1.40 ± 0.03 (7) 1.46 ± 0.07 (3) Pedipalp femur L/ W 2.20 – 2.38 2.13 – 2.25 2.53 2.44 2.28 – 2.30 2.30 ± 0.09 (3) 2.20 ± 0.06 (3) Pedipalp patella L/ W 2.31 – 2.57 2.37 – 2.60 2.55 2.50 2.19 – 2.32 2.47 ± 0.14 (3) 2.51 ± 0.12 (3) Pedipalp chela L/ W 4.40 – 5.50 4.13 – 4.25 5.06 4.54 4.44 – 4.50 4.89 ± 0.56 (3) 4.20 ± 0.07 (3) Pedipalp movable finger L/ 1.77 – 2.00 (2) 1.93 – 2.04 (2) 1.78 1.71 1.80 – 1.84 manus ventral L</p> <p>range, mean ± standard deviation (n = sample size); when n = 2, only range is cited, single values correspond to n = 1. Abbreviations: length (</p> <p>Meristic count Neobuthus cloudsleythompsoni Neobuthus eritreaensis sp. n.</p> <p>Lourenço, 2001</p> <p>♂ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂</p> <p>Pectinal tooth count 15 – 19 12 – 15 20 – 22 15 – 18 17 –</p> <p>16.75 ± 0.78 (92) 13.73 ± 0.83 (30) 20.50 ± 0.93 (8) 16.50 ± 0.93 (8) 18.64 ±</p> <p>Metasoma II 15 – 22 10 – 17 15 – 16 17 (2) 11 –</p> <p>ventrosubmedian carina 17.98 ± 1.76 (40) 14.00 ± 2.51 (8) 15.75 ± 0.46 (8) 12.67 ±</p> <p>granules</p> <p>Metasoma III 13 – 21 10 – 16 13 – 15 14 – 15 11 –</p> <p>ventrosubmedian carina 15.78 ± 1.75 (40) 11.75 ± 1.98 (8) 14.25 ± 0.71 (8) (2) 12.00 ±</p> <p>granules</p> <p>Basitarsus III retroinferior 8 – 11 7 – 9 8 – 9 (2) 6 – 6 (2) 10 –</p> <p>setae adult 9.50 ± 0.93 (8) 7.50 ± 1.00 (4) 12.75 ±</p> <p>Telotarus III inferior setae 15 – 20 13 – 16 16 – 18 (2) 15 – 17 (2) 28 –</p> <p>adult 17.00 ± 1.41 (8) 14.75 ± 1.26 (4) 31.75 ±</p> <p>Pedipalp movable finger 3 – 6 3 – 5 6 (2) 6 – 6 (2) 6 (6</p> <p>subrows 4.80 ± 0.92 (10) 4.50 ± 0.76 (8)</p> <p>Pedipalp fixed finger 5 – 5 (10) 3 – 5 5 (2) 5 – 5 (2) 4 –</p> <p>subrows 4.63 ± 0.74 (8) 4.83 ± 0.41</p> <p>Pedipalp movable finger 3 – 4 2 – 4 3 – 4 (2) 4 – 4 (2) 4 –</p> <p>external accessory 3.60 ± 0.52 (10) 3.38 ± 0.74 (8) 4.33 ± 0.52</p> <p>denticles</p> <p>Metasoma V dorsolateral 5 – 6 5 – 7 4 – 5 (2) 7 – 8 6 –</p> <p>macrosetae 5.50 ± 0.53 (10) 5.75 ± 0.89 (8) (2) 6.83 ± 0.41</p> <p>standard deviation (N = sample size); when N = 2, only range is cited. Values of N indicate number of bilateral anatomical structures animals).</p> <p>smooth; orthobothriotaxic, with femoral d 2 present on internal surface; femora of legs smooth on prolateral surfaces; macrosetae on pedipalps, legs, metasoma and telson moderately longer and finer than in the male.</p> <p>Measurements. See Tab. 3.</p> <p>VARIATION. For variation in selected morphometric ratios and meristics, see Tabs. 4–5. Coloration patterns were quite consistent over the type series, with immatures and juveniles bearing much darker fuscous markings. Juvenile male (carapace length 2.225 mm) with weaker granulation on all surfaces, lateral surface of metasoma V and dorsal surface of pedipalp patella smooth.</p> <p>COMPARISONS. N. kutcheri sp. n. differs from other Neobuthus species as follows: fuscous patterns extending over the dorsal surface of the pedipalp patella; tarsi bearing denser, longer macrosetae, including much higher numbers of setae on the ventral telotarsus; and much less pronounced sexual dimorphism in setation, with longer, finer macrosetae present on the male pedipalps, legs, sternite VII, metasoma and telson.</p> <p>COMMENTS ON LOCALITIES AND LIFE STRATEGY. The second author visited the locality 14EG (Figs. 146–147) on 19–21 November 2014, spent two nights there and collected 32 specimens with UV light. Males of Neobuthus kutcheri sp. n. were active immediately after sunset but females appeared later. At the locality, the second author recorded after sunset a nighttime temperature of 28.8 ºC, which gradually dropped to 17.4 ºC (minimum temperature) before sunrise. Humidity during the nights varied between 67% and 50%. In addition to N. kutcheri sp. n. the second author recorded at this locality Hottentotta trilineatus (Peters, 1861) and Parabuthus sp. This is a psammophilous species that was observed at night sitting on or running over sand, near vegetation. During the day, they were collected only under rocks that were on sand. This habitat specialization is correlated with the presence of large bristle combs on the basitarsi, and dense brushes of long macrosetae on the ventral surfaces of the telotarsi.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B37A31FFF958A4BFEF9FA9303FF7598	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lowe, Graeme;Kovařík, František	Lowe, Graeme, Kovařík, František (2016): Scorpions of the Horn of Africa (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part V. Two new species of Neobuthus Hirst, 1911 (Buthidae), from Ethiopia and Eritrea. Euscorpius 224: 1-46
