taxonID	type	description	language	source
6F20573334293A01CC8AF8574717F9D5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Pigmentation variable, at least eyespots dark. Scales absent. Body dorsally covered by several mes or mic. Antennae long, at least as long as body (usually longer). Dorsal-anterior cephalic bothriotricha absent, sutural central region with 2 + 2 mac. Eyes 8 + 8, G and H lenses usually smaller than others. Mesonotum normal, not strongly projected forward. Unguiculi truncate (more common) or acuminate; tenent-hairs multilaterally ciliate. Th. II – Abd. V with ms and sens formula 10 | 10100 and 11 | 001 – 3, respectively. Abd. II to IV bothriotricha formula as 2 / 3 / 2; Abd. IV with additional bothriotricha-like chaetae, smaller than normal bothriotricha present or absent. Manubrium and dens without spines; dens with a dorso subapical spatulated appendix near to the mucro; mucro short, square or rectangular, with 2 to 4 teeth (adapted from Mitra 1973, Christiansen & Bellinger 1998, Yoshii 1981, 1983, Soto-Adames 2010, Zhang et al. 2015).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334293A01CC8AF8574717F9D5.taxon	discussion	Remarks on Brazilian fauna. The species of Salina reported from Brazil are: Salina celebensis (Schäffer, 1898), S. maculiflora Oliveira & Cipola, 2016 and S. zhangi sp. nov. (cited as Salina spp. by Abrantes et al. 2012, Oliveira & Cipola, 2016). Both S. celebensis and S. zhangi sp. nov. belong to the S. celebensis- species group sensu Yoshii (1983), with mucro square, reduced dorsal macrochaetotaxy and Abd. II with two central and one lateral mac; while the recently described S. maculiflora belongs to the S. beta - species group sensu Soto-Adames (2010), with rectangular mucro and variable dorsal macrochaetotaxy. Other remarks are presented in the description of the new species.	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334283A06CC8AFD3F44F3FC5B.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype female on slide, Brazil, Bahia State, Mucugê municipality, Rio Cumbuco (13 ° 01 ’ 03 ” S; 41 ° 22 ’ 11 ” W), Caatinga Biome, 13. xi. 2015, B. C. Bellini coll. Paratypes four females and one male on slides, plus 5 specimens in alcohol, same data as holotype. Type material deposited at Collembola Collection of DBEZ / UFRN.	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334283A06CC8AFD3F44F3FC5B.taxon	description	Description. Total length (head + trunk) of holotype 1.57 mm. Habitus typical of Salina (Fig. 5). Specimens pale white to light yellow with blue to brown pigment covering the Ant. IV – II, lateral head, lateral edges of Th. II – III, medial Abd. III and posterior IV, and entirely the tibiotarsi. Eyepatches, distal margin of Ant. I – III and anterior margin of head dark (Fig. 5). Dorsal head and trunk covered by several ciliate mic and mes. Head (Figs 5, 7 – 14). Antennae longer than body, antennal ratio as I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.54 – 1.56: 1.19 – 1.92: 1.86 – 2.28 (Fig. 5). Ant. IV not subdivided, weakly annulated, with single apical bulb and at least three types of chaetae: blunt sensilla, smooth acuminate chaetae and ciliate chaetae (Fig. 7). Ant. III sense organ with two clubbed sensilla, three surrounding guard sensilla, plus some blunt sensilla, ciliate and smooth chaetae (Fig. 8). Four prelabral ciliate chaetae (Fig. 9). Labral formula 5 (p 0 – 2), 5 (m 0 – 2), 4 (a 1 – 2), all chaetae smooth, a 1 thick and apically rounded, posterior row chaetae larger than others (Fig. 9). Clypeal central chaetae formula 2 (I 1), 4 (f 1 – 2), 3 (pf 0 - 1), all ciliate, f 1 larger than others (Fig. 10). Eyes 8 + 8, G and H slightly smaller, A-F subequal, with 3 interocular chaetae (Fig. 11). Dorsal chaetotaxy with 6 antennal (An), 2 – 1 medio-ocellar (M), 3 sutural (S), 3 postsutural (Ps), 3 postoccipital anterior (Pa), 2 postoccipital medial (Pm), and 1 postoccipital posterior (Pp) chaetae; anterior chaetae (A) absent; Pe 3 mac present; antero-ocular bothiothrichum absent, post-ocular (Pa 6) present (Fig. 11). Labial basolateral and basomedian fields with M, E, L 1 – 2 ciliate, A 1 – 5 smooth; M 1 smooth in one specimen, A 5 parallel sided, r absent (Fig. 12). Labium with five smooth proximal chaetae; labial palp with five main papillae (A – E), and with 0, 5, 0, 4, 2 guard chaetae, respectively; papilla E with lateral process (l. p.) finger-shaped; H (main hypostomal chaeta) with two accessory hypostomal chaetae (Fig. 12). Maxillary outer lobe with one apical appendage, one subapical chaeta and three sublobal appendages, only the subapical chaeta discretely ciliate, others smooth; subapical chaeta and apical appendage subequal (Fig. 13). Ventral chaetotaxy as in Fig. 14, all chaetae ciliate, long; cephalic groove with 8 + 8 marginal chaetae, two smaller and smooth; three ventral chaetae present or absent (marked by arrows) (Fig. 14). Thorax chaetotaxy (Figs 15 – 16). Pseudopores unclear on all segments. Th. II with 1 S-microchaeta (ms), 1 anterolateral sens (al); 1 – 0 anterior (a 5) excluding the anterior collar, 2 – 1 medial (m 1, m 7), and 5 posterior mac (p 1, p 3 – 6?) (Fig. 15). Th. III with 1 anterolateral sens (al), and 9 – 6 posterior mac (p 1 – 3 p, p 5 – 6) (Fig. 16). Abdomen chaetotaxy (Figs 17 – 21). Pseudopores unclear in all segments. Abd. I with 1 S-microchaeta (ms); 1 anterior (a 2), 3 – 2 medial (m 3 – 5), and 1 posterior (p 6) mac (Fig. 17). Abd. II without sens, bothriotricha m 2 and a 5 present plus 3 mac (m 3 – 3 e, m 5) (Fig. 18). Abd. III with 1 S-microchaeta (ms), 1 anterosubmedial sens (as), bothriotricha m 2, m 5 and a 5 present plus 6 – 3 lateral mac (p 6 – m 6, am 6, m 7?, p 7? – i?) (Fig. 19). Abd. IV 1 posterior sens (ps) plus about 11 other sens; primary bothriotricha T 2 and T 4 plus secondary B 6 and bothriotricha like chaetae Fe 4 – 5 present; row ‘ A’ with 2 (A 1, A 6), ‘ Ae’ with 1 (Ae 1), ‘ Be’ with 1 (Be 1), ‘ B’ with 3 (B 3 – 5), ‘ C’ with 1 (C 1), ‘ E’ with 3 (E 1 – 3), ‘ F’ with 4 (F 1 – 3 p), and ‘ Fe’ with 2 (Fe 1 – 2) mac; 4 + 4 posterior chaetae (Fig. 20). Abd. V with 1 anterosubmedial sens (as) and 2 accessory sens (acc. p 4 – p 5), 3 anterior (a 0, a 3, a 5), 4 medial (m 2 – 3, m 5 – 5 a), and 4 posterior (p 1, p 3 – 4, ap 6) mac (Fig. 21). Legs (Figs 22 – 23). Trochanteral organ with approximately 17 small smooth chaetae (Fig. 22). Ungues with four inner teeth, one pair basal, one unpaired median, and one minute unpaired distal plus a pair of small outer lateral teeth. Unguiculi excavated, all lamellae smooth. Tenent hairs ciliate, longer than unguis. Pretarsal chaeta (posterior) present (Fig. 23). Tibiotarsus III with a smooth inner distal chaeta, opposite to the tenent hair (Fig. 23). Collophore (Figs 24 – 26). Anterior side with 2 large ciliate chaetae plus 8 – 7 surrounding smooth smaller chaetae (Fig. 24); lateral flap with about 14 smooth chaetae (Fig. 25); posterior side with 2 + 2 large distal chaetae plus 4 – 6 surrounding smaller chaetae, all very weakly ciliate (Fig. 26). Retinaculum and Furcula (Figs 27 – 29). Retinaculum rami with four teeth; corpus with one weakly ciliate chaeta (Fig. 27). Manubrial plate with two ciliate chaetae plus 1 pseudopore (Fig. 28). Dens smooth with one typical dorso-distal scale-like projection. Mucro square with four teeth, three apical and one medio-internal (Fig. 29).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334283A06CC8AFD3F44F3FC5B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new species was named after Dr. Feng Zhang, an important Collembola researcher from China.	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334283A06CC8AFD3F44F3FC5B.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. The new species was found in the Caatinga phytogeographic domain, Northeast Region of Brazil, Good’s biogeographic zone 27 of Neotropical Region (Good 1974). The climate of the area following the Köppen-Geiger system is " Aw " equatorial winter dry (Semi-arid climate), characterized by overall low humidity and little rainfall volume, with averages lower than 60 mm in winter (Kottek et al. 2006). Specimens of S. zhangi sp. nov. were collected in the humid sandy bed of Cumbuco River.	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334283A06CC8AFD3F44F3FC5B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The new species fits the celebensis - group proposed by Yoshii (1983) due to the presence of square mucro, reduced macrochaetotaxy and two central and one lateral (near a 5 bothriotrichum) mac on Abd. II. Salina zhangi sp. nov. also fits a particular group of Neotropical species with short mucrones with four teeth, as stated by Mari Mutt (1987 a), which are: S. panamae Jacquemart, 1982, S. dedoris Mari Mutt, 1987 (in Mari Mutt 1987 b), S. hermana Mari Mutt, 1987 (in Mari Mutt 1987 b) and S. tristani Denis, 1931 (Mari Mutt 1987 a). The overall white to yellowish color pattern and dorsal chaetotaxy of S. zhangi sp. nov. resembles mostly S. hermana and S. tristani, but the new species is differs in dorsal chaetotaxy: Th. II posterior region presents 4 – 3 internal mac while the other species present 7 – 5; Th. III of S. zhangi sp. nov. does not have p 4 while in the other species is present; Abd. I of the new species has p 6? mac which is absent (or omitted) on the other two species; Abd. III of the new species also had one extra lateral mac (m 7?) when compared to S. hermana (information lacking to S. tristani). Finally, S. zhangi sp. nov. presents the subapical chaeta of maxillary outer lobe weakly ciliate (smooth in S. hermana) and 17 chaetae on trochanteral organ (12 in S. hermana).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334213A08CC8AFC824700FCED.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Adult specimens large (up to 4.5 mm). Body pigments forming distinct color patterns, specimens never totally white and rarely with diffused and uniform pigments covering all body. Heavily ciliate scales present, apically rounded or irregular. Dorsal head and trunk with reduced number of mac. Dorsal-anterior cephalic bothriotricha present. Antennae long, more than twice the total length of body. Eyes 8 + 8, lenses G and H reduced, sometimes hardly visible. Th. III enlarged and conspicuously humped, resulting in a bent body between Th. III and Abd. I (Fig. 2). Th. II – Abd. V with ms and sens formula 10 | 10100 and 11 | 011 – 3, respectively. Abd. II to IV bothriotricha formula as 2 / 3 / 3 or 2 / 3 / 4 (secondary lateral bothriotricha-like chaetae sometimes present). Manubrium without spines; dens with one or two rows of spines and / or elongated ciliate spiniform mac; mucro elongate with 5 or rarely 4 or 6 teeth (adapted from Mitra & Dallai 1980, Cipola & Oliveira 2016, Soto-Adames 2016).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334213A08CC8AFC824700FCED.taxon	discussion	Remarks on Brazilian fauna. The species of Campylothorax recorded from Brazil are: C. cassagnaui Mitra & Dallai, 1980, C. mitrai Bellini & Meneses, 2012, C. plagatus Cipola & Oliveira, 2016, C. schaefferi Börner, 1906 and C. viruaensis Santos, Cipola & Bellini, 2016 (in: Santos et al. 2016, Abrantes et al. 2012, Bellini & Meneses 2012, Cipola & Oliveira 2016,). The type locality of the presumably widely distributed C. schaefferi is unknown. Börner’s description was based on specimens harvested from orchids grown in Germany, in Hamburg Museum (University of Hamburg), collected from “ São Francisco, Brazil ”. Mitra & Dallai (1980) provided a map indicating the type locality as São Francisco do Sul municipality, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. But the original description does not provide such data. In a Brazilian geographical context “ São Francisco ” can be the largest river in Northeast Region of Brazil or a municipality name (and there are at least five Brazilian municipalities in far apart states with the same name). Because of this and in the absence of the type material (destroyed according curators of University of Hamburg, Germany), the identity of C. schaefferi should be further investigated. Also, the condition of 4 mucronal teeth reported to the species in Mitra & Dallai (1980) maybe possibly because the basal tooth could be very small in some specimens of Campylothorax, as we observed in C. mitrai, or even due the analysis of abnormal specimens. The recent descriptions of C. plagatus, C. viruaensis and now the redescription of C. mitrai may point out to other two diagnostic features within the genus, or at least to the Neotropical species: absence of the pretarsal chaetae and of the smooth chaeta opposite to the tenent hair on the hind unguiculus, commonly found in practically all other taxa of Entomobryoidea. This late feature was already reported by Mari Mutt (1987 a) to C. sabanus (Wray, 1953).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334213A08CC8AFF5B46EEF9DB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Specimens pigmented. Scales absent. Body dorsally covered by several ciliate mac / mes / mic. Antennae shorter or subequal to the body length. Prelabral chaetae smooth. Eyes 8 + 8. Mesonotum normal, not strongly projected forward. Tibiotarsi can be apparently segmented. Abd. II to IV bothriotricha formula as 2 / 3 / 2; Abd. IV antero-medially with a transverse line of mac. Manubrium without spines; dens dorsally with elongated ciliate spiniform mac, subapical appendix of dens absent; mucro small with 2 or 3 teeth (adapted from Salmon 1941, Mitra 1993 a, b).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334213A08CC8AFF5B46EEF9DB.taxon	discussion	Remarks on Brazilian fauna. The only species of Paronellides reported from Neotropical Region is Paronellides alticolus (Arlé, 1939), from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. This species is known only from its type locality. We analyzed specimens originally studied by Arlé, but the poor preservation of the slides medium made it impossible to add details to the description of the dorsal chaetotaxy. This character system must be described to make possible future comparisons or descriptions within the genus in Neotropical Region. Also, information on chaetotaxy may confirm if P. alticolus var. pallida (Arlé, 1939) represents only a color variant or a distinct species taxon.	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334203A10CC8AFF5B43A0FF25.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype male plus six female and two males paratypes were studied, Brazil, Alagoas State, Rio Largo municipality, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, (09 ° 27 ' 50 " S; 35 ° 50 ' 02 " W), Atlantic Forest Biome, 19. xi. 2010, pitfall-traps, I. P. S. Santos coll. Material deposited at CM / MNRJ. Other material studied. Two males and three females on slides and 14 specimens in alcohol (INPA), same data as type series. Four males and eight females on slides (DBEZ / UFRN and INPA), same data as type series, excepty Parque Municipal de Maceio, 09 ° 36 ' 44 " S; 35 ° 45 ' 40 " W. One female and one juvenile on slides and three specimens in alcohol (INPA), same data as type series, excepty Bairro Serraria, 09 ° 35 ' 18 " S; 35 ° 44 ' 02 " W, 11 - 13. i. 2014.	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334203A10CC8AFF5B43A0FF25.taxon	description	Redescription. Habitus typical of Campylothorax, body bent between Th. III Abd. I. Measurements and color pattern as in the original description. Brownish heavily ciliate apically truncate or rounded scales covering Ant. I and II, basal halves of Ant. III and IV, head, thorax, abdomen, legs and furcula. Collophore with few scales on posterior face. Head and trunk with reduced number of mac. Head (Figs 30 – 39). Antennae longer than body, antennal ratio as I: II: III: IV = 1: 1: 1.23: 1.21 in holotype. Ant. IV annulated, without apical bulb and with at least three types of chaetae: blunt sensilla, smooth acuminate chaetae and ciliate chaetae (Fig. 30). Ant. III sense organ with two rod-like sensilla, two surrouding guard sensilla (third one not seen but possibly present), plus some ciliate and smooth chaetae (Fig. 31). Ant. I with 7 dorsal mac of different sizes (Fig. 32); dorso-proximal lateral region with about 21 smooth mic (Fig. 33). Eyes 8 + 8, G and H vestigial, A-F subequal, with 3 – 4 interocular chaetae (Fig. 34). Dorsal chaetotaxy with 10 antennal mac (An), 4 anterior (A), 3 medio-ocellar (M), 5 sutural (S), 2 post-sutural (Ps) and 3 – 2 postoccipital anterior (Pa) chaetae; anterior and post-ocular (Pa 6) bothriotricha present (Fig. 34). Four prelabral smooth chaetae (Fig. 35). Labral formula 5 (p 0 – 2), 5 (m 0 – 2), 4 (a 1 – 2), all smooth chaetae, chaetae on posterior row larger than others (Fig. 35). Labral papillae without spine like projections (Fig. 36). Labial basolateral and basomedian fields with M 1 – 2 ciliate, R, E, L 1 – 2, A 1 – 5 smooth; A 2 larger than A 1, L 2 smaller than L 1 but not minute; R normal in size (Fig. 37). Labium with five smooth proximal chaetae; labial palp with five main papillae (A – E), and with 0, 5, 0, 4, 4 guard chaetae, respectively; papilla E with lateral process (l. p.) finger-shaped; H (main hypostomal chaeta) with two accessorial hypostomal chaetae (Fig. 37). Maxillary outer lobe with one apical appendage and one subapical chaeta, both smooth, apical appendage longer; sublobal plate with two smooth appendages (Fig 38). Ventral chaetotaxy as in Fig. 39, all chaetae ciliate, scales present; cephalic groove with 7 + 7 marginal chaetae, three anterior smaller; two posterior chaetae present or absent (Fig. 39). Thorax chaetotaxy (Figs 40 – 41). Th. II with 1 S-microchaeta (ms), 1 anterolateral sens (al), and 7 posterior mac (p 1 – 4 plus 3 secondary chaetae) (Fig. 40). Th. III with 1 anterolateral sens (al) and 4 central mac (a 4 – 5, p 2 – 3) (Fig. 41). Abdomen chaetotaxy (Figs 42 – 46). Abd. I with 1 S-microchaeta (ms); 1 anterior (a 6), 4 medial (m 2 – 4, 6), and 1 posterior (p 6) mic (Fig. 42). Abd. II with 1 anterosubmedial sens (as), bothriotricha m 2 and a 5 present surrounded by 4 fan-shaped chaetae each; mac m 3 and m 5 present plus 5 lateral mic (a 6 – 7, m 6, p 6 – 7) (Fig. 43). Abd. III with 1 S-microchaeta (ms), 1 anterosubmedial sens (as), bothriotricha m 2, m 5 and a 5 present, surrounded by 2, 4 and 6 fan-shaped chaetae respectively; mac m 3, am 6, pm 6, p 6 and a 7 (which can be mes) present (Fig. 44). Abd. IV with 1 anterosubmedial sens (as) and 1 posterior sens (ps) plus about 21 other central sens; primary bothriotricha T 2 and T 4 plus secondary B 6 and F 3 p? and 2 bothriotricha-like lateral chaetae present; T 2 and T 4 surrounded by 4 and 3 fan-shaped chaetae respectively; row ‘ A’ with 4 (A 0? – 1, A 5 – 6), ‘ B’ with 3 (B 3 – 5), ‘ D’ with 1 (D 3), ‘ E’ with 2 (E 2 – 3), ‘ F’ with 3 (F 1 – 3), and ‘ Fe’ with 1 (Fe 2?) mac; 11 + 11 posterior chaetae (Fig. 45). Abd. V with 1 anterosubmedial sens (as) and 2 accessory sens (acc. p 4 – p 5), 2 anterior (a 5 – 6), 2 medial (m 2, m 5), and 5 posterior (p 1, p 3 i – 5) mac (Fig. 46). Legs (Figs 47 – 55). Subcoxa I external face with one posterior chaeta and two pseudopores (Fig. 47), internal face with about 17 ciliate chaetae (Fig. 48); subcoxa II external face with one anterior row of 11 plus two proximal chaetae, posterior row with five chaetae plus two pseudopores (Fig. 49); subcoxa III external face with three anterior and 11 posterior chaetae plus two pseudopores (Fig. 50). Trochanter I external face with 18 – 19 proximal chaetae (Fig. 51). Trochanteral organ with approximately 23 spine-like smooth chaetae (Fig. 52). Tibiotarsi I – III with about 13 erect spine-like weakly ciliate inner mac (Fig. 53). Ungues with four inner teeth, one pair basal, one unpaired median, and one minute unpaired distal plus a pair of outer lateral teeth and one smaller dorsal tooth. Unguiculi weakly truncate, all lamellae smooth, smaller in the first and second pairs of legs (Figs 54 – 55). Tenenthairs smooth, subequal or slightly longer in length than the ungues (Figs 54 – 55). Pretarsal chaetae absent (Figs 54 – 55). Tibiotarsus III lacking smooth inner distal chaeta (Fig. 55). Collophore (Fig. 56). Anterior side with three large ciliate chaetae plus six surrounding ciliate smaller chaetae (Fig. 56); lateral flap with about 23 – 24 smooth chaetae (Fig. 56); posterior side densely covered by ciliate chaetae and some scales, modified distal chaetae not seen (unclear) (Fig. 56). Retinaculum, genital plate and furcula (Figs 57 – 61). Retinaculum rami with four teeth; corpus with one weakly ciliate chaeta (Fig. 57). Male genital plate as in Fig. 58, circinate and with 19 surrounding plus two guard smooth chaetae. Manubrium without spines, manubrial plate with four ciliate chaeta plus three pseudopores (Fig. 59). Dens smooth and cylindrical with about 46 internal and 16 ciliate spiniform mac of different sizes (Fig. 60). Mucro long and rectangular with five teeth, four apical and one proximal (Fig. 61).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334203A10CC8AFF5B43A0FF25.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The redescription of C. mitrai corrects mistakes and lack of information of the original description. The most important corrections are related to the absence of pretarsal chaetae, presence of ciliate spiniform mac of different sizes on dens and presence of a fifth tooth on proximal mucro. Concerning the dental spiniform mac, most of the central ones are long and can easily be confused with other chaetae; they are more easily distinguished from other chaetae at proximal dens. The proximal mucronal tooth can be reduced or well-marked in different specimens, which led to the original mistake. After redescription the most diagnostic features of C. mitrai among other species of the genus are the combination of: body darkly pigmented, S 2 – 3 chaetae on dorsal head as mic, Th. II with 7 posterior mac, Th. III with 4 central mac, and 3 + 3 large chaetae on anterior side of collophore. The species resembles especially C. sabanus in color pattern, but they differ in: pre-labral chaetae (smooth in C. mitrai vs. ciliate in C. sabanus), chaeta L 2 in labial region extremely reduced in C. sabanus (normal in C. mitrai), dorsal head chaetae S 2 – 3 (mic in C. mitrai vs. mac C. sabanus), Abd. IV posterior central mac (5 in C. mitrai vs. 6 in C. sabanus) and unguiculus with smooth edges in C. mitrai vs. with one finely serrated edge in C. sabanus (Mari Mutt 1987 a, Soto-Adames 2016).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334393A10CC8AFB6F4403FC7E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Specimens pigmented. Scales present, heavily ciliate, covering head, trunk, ventral face of manubrium and dentes. Th. III and Abd. I without mac. Antennae shorter than half body, Ant. IV not annulated or subdivided, without apical bulb. Ant. I shorter than head length. Eyes 8 + 8. Ungues normal, unguiculi lanceolate. Trochanteral organ well developed, with several spine-like chaetae. Collophore anterior face with 7 + 7 enlarged distal chaetae. Abd. II to IV bothriotricha formula as 2 + 2 / 3 + 3 / 2 + 2. Manubrium (Fig. 4) and dens with two rows of strong smooth dark spines; mucro short with 3 – 4 teeth (adapted from Mitra 1992, 1993 a).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334393A10CC8AFB6F4403FC7E.taxon	discussion	Remarks on Brazilian fauna. No nominal species of Paronella has been registered from Neotropical Region, only morphospecies (as sp.) from Mexico, Cuba, Paraguay and Brazil (Mari Mutt et al. 2016). Since Paronella is currently a restrict genus from Africa, it is quite possible that all Neotropical records are actually Trogolaphysa species (a related genus widely distributed in Neotropical Region) and at least some species present small spinelike chaetae on manubrium (see the description of T. ernesti sp. nov. and Fig. 84). The record by Bellini (2014) from Piauí State, Brazil reinforce such hypothesis since it is actually of a Trogolaphysa species with such morphology (material is insufficient to determine the species). The differential diagnosis of Paronella regarding Trogolaphysa is: presence of strong smooth conical manubrial spines (absent in Trogolaphysa) and 2 + 2 abdominal bothriotricha (3 + 3 in Trogolaphysa).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334393A11CC8AF8954439F820.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Pigmentation variable, specimens ranging from darkly pigmented to completely devoid of pigments (cave forms). Scales present, variably ciliated, covering at least Ant. I – II, dorsal and usually ventral head, dorsal trunk and ventral face of furcula; legs usually without scales. Dorsal-anterior cephalic bothriotricha present. Dorsal chaetotaxy reduced on Th. II, Th. III and Abd. I, chaetotaxy complete or almost complete in other segments, with few macrochaetae and several microchaetae. Ant. IV simple or annulated, never subdivided. 8 + 8 to 0 + 0 eyes. Labial chaeta L 2 normal, never reduced. Th. II – Abd. V with ms and sens formula 10 | 10100 and 11 | 011 – 3, respectively. Abd. II to IV bothriotricha formula as 2 + 2 / 3 + 3 / 3 + 3. Manubrium lacking strong spines (at least as seen on dens), but with or without elongated thin ciliate spiniform chaetae. Dens with one or two rows of conical spines and / or elongated ciliate spiniform mac; mucro short, square or rectangular, with 3 – 5 teeth (adapted from Soto-Adames & Taylor 2013, Silva & Bellini 2015, Soto-Adames 2015).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334393A11CC8AF8954439F820.taxon	discussion	Remarks on Brazilian fauna. The Brazilian species of Trogolaphysa are: T. aelleni Yoshii, 1988, T. formosensis Silva & Bellini, 2015, T. hauseri Yoshii, 1988, T. hirtipes (Handschin, 1924), T. millsi, Arlé 1939, T. tijucana (Arlé & Guimarães, 1979) and T. ernesti sp. nov. (Abrantes et al. 2012, Silva & Bellini, 2015). Most of these species present incomplete descriptions following current taxonomy of Entomobryoidea. Descriptions of ventral head, dorsal body and manubrial chaetotaxy of T. aelleni, T. hauseri, T. hirtipes, T. millsi and T. tijucana are needed to further understand such fauna. We could only compare these species with T. ernesti sp. nov. using color patterns, number of eyes, empodial and distal furcula morphology, among other few aspects. The most dissimilar Neotropical species of Trogolaphysa is possibly T. formosensis. The species present scales on legs, enlarged Th. III and an unusual disposition of Abd. IV bothriotricha (Silva & Bellini 2015). Such characters suggest the species present a close relationship with Campylothorax (and for that, possibly Trogolaphysa as well), or even an intermediate position between both genera, hypotheses which should be tested under a phylogenetical approach.	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334383A1BCC8AFC6643AEF91D.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype male on slide, Brazil, Ceará State, Barbalha municipality, Geopark Araripe (07 ° 21 ’ 59 ” S; 39 ° 19 ’ 47 ” W), Caatinga Biome, 07. ii. 2011, BC Bellini coll. Paratypes five males and two females on slides and one specimen in alcohol, same data as holotype. Type material deposited at Collembola Collection of DBEZ / UFRN.	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334383A1BCC8AFC6643AEF91D.taxon	description	Description. Total length (head + trunk) of holotype 2.51 mm. Habitus typical of the genus (Fig. 62). Specimens pale yellow with dark blue pigment covering distal half of Ant. I to Ant. IV, lateral Th. II – III, distal half of femora I – II to half of tibiotarsi, and medial portion of the tibiotarsus III; eyepatches black (Fig. 62). Heavily striate apically rounded scales covering Ant. I – II and basal on Ant. III, ventral and dorsal head, trunk and ventral manubrium and dens (Fig. 62). Legs and collophore without scales. Head (Figs 62 – 70). Antennae shorter than body length of body, antennal ratio as I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.4 – 1.7: 1.07 – 1.29: 2 – 2.21, holotype 1: 1.15: 1.18: 2.07 (Fig. 62). Ant. IV annulated in distal two thirds, without apical bulb, with three subapical organites (apical larger) and at least four types of chaetae: blunt sensilla, pin sensilla, ciliate and smooth chaetae (Fig. 63). Ant. III sense organ with two rod-like sensilla and two surrounding guard sensilla (third one not seen but possible present), four long pin sensilla, at least four proximal blunt sensilla, and ciliate chaetae (Fig. 64). Anterior labral spines present, short, individualized and close to each other (Fig. 65). Four prelabral ciliated chaetae (Fig. 66). Labral formula 5 (p 0 – 2), 5 (m 0 – 2), 4 (a 1 – 2), all chaetae smooth, posterior row longest (Fig. 66). Eyes 8 + 8, G smallest, A – F subequal, with four interocular chaetae. Dorsal chaetotaxy with 16 antennal (An), 5 anterior (A), 4 medio-ocellar (M), 4 sutural (S), 2 post-sutural (Ps), 4 postoccipital anterior (Pa), 3 postoccipital media (Pm), and 5 postoccipital posterior (Pp) chaetae; anterior and post-ocular (Pa 6) bothriotricha present (Fig. 67). Ventral chaetotaxy as in Fig. 68, with ciliated chaetae of different lengths on median part and scales (not represented); one transversal row of seven posterior ciliated chaetae; cephalic groove with 2 + 2 anterior and 1 + 1 medial marginal chaetae plus 1 + 1 posterior (on posterior colar), medial and posterior chaetae larger than anterior ones. Labial basolateral and basomedian fields with chaetae r reduced, M 1 – 2, E, L 1 – 2 ciliated, A 1 – 5 smooth (Fig. 68). Labium with five smooth proximal chaetae (Figs 68 – 69). Labial palp with five papillae (A – E), and with 0, 5, 0, 4, 4 guard chaetae, respectively; papilla E with lateral process (l. p.) finger-shaped with tip not reaching the papilla base; H (main hypostomal chaeta) with two accessory hypostomal chaetae (Fig. 69). Maxillary outer lobe with one apical appendage, one subapical chaetae and two sublobal appendages, all smooth, subapical chaeta the same length as apical appendage (Fig. 70). Thorax chaetotaxy (Figs 71 – 72). Th. II with 1 S-microchaeta (ms), 1 anterolateral sens (al); 3 anterior (a 1? – 2?, a 5) excluding the anterior collar, 3 medial (m 1 – 2, m 4), and 8 posterior (p 3 complex, p 5 - 6, p 6 e) chaetae. Th. III with 1 anterolateral sens (al), 3 anterior (a 1 – 2, a 4), 2 medial (m 1, m 6), and 3 posterior (p 2 – 3, p 6) chaetae. Abdomen chaetotaxy (Figs 73 – 77). Abd. I with 1 S-microchaeta (ms), 1 anterior (a 6), 4 medial (m 2 – 4, m 6), and 1 posterior (p 6) mic (Fig. 73). Abd. II with 1 anterosubmedial sens (as), 5 anterior (a 2 – 3, a 5 – 7), 3 medial (m 2 – 3, m 5), and 2 posterior (p 6) chaetae (Fig. 74). Abd. III with 1 S-microchaeta (ms), 1 anterosubmedial sens (as), 6 anterior (a 2 – 3, a 5 – 7), 7 medial (m 2 – 3, m 5, am 6, pm 6, m 7 i – 7), and 3 posterior (p 6 – 7) chaetae (Fig. 75). Abd. IV with 1 anterosubmedial sens (as), 1 posterior sens (ps), about 17 median sens, mac formula as 2 ‘ A’ (A 3, A 5), 2 ‘ B’ (B 4 – 5), 1 ‘ D’ (D 3), 3 ‘ E’ (E 2 – 4), 3 ‘ F’ (F 1 – 3), and 1 ‘ Fe’ (Fe 2) (Fig. 76). Abd. V with 1 anterosubmedial sens (as) and 2 accessory sens (acc. p 4 – p 5), 4 anterior (a 1, a 3, a 5 – 6), 5 medial (m 2 – 3, m 5 – 5 e), 4 posteroanterior (p 3 a – 5 a, p 6 ai – 6 ae), and 6 posterior (p 1, p 3 – 5, ap 6 – 6 e) chaetae (Fig. 77). Legs (Figs 78 – 82). Subcoxa I with a row of two chaetae and two pseudopores (Fig. 78); subcoxa II with one anterior row of 14 chaetae, anteriorly with 22 chaetae, and posterior row with 11 chaetae and two pseudopores (Fig. 79); subcoxa III with one row of 14 chaetae, anteriorly with 30 chaetae and posteriorly with two pseudopores (Fig. 80). Trochanteral organ with approximately 49 spine-like smooth chaetae (Fig. 81). Ungues with four inner teeth, one pair basal, one unpaired median, and one minute unpaired distal; outer side with three teeth, one laterodorsal basal pair and one unpaired basal-median. Unguiculi lanceolate, with one lamella serrated, others smooth. Tenent hairs capitate with edges cover by short, delicate cilia (Fig. 82). Pretarsal chaetae (anterior and posterior) present (Fig. 82). Tibiotarsus III with a smooth inner distal chaeta, opposite to the tenent hair (Fig. 82). Collophore (Fig. 83). Anterior side with four large ciliate distal chaetae preceded by 23 smaller ciliate chaetae; lateral flap with 9 ciliated and 3 smooth chaetae (Fig 83); posterior face with at least 50 ciliated chaetae. Furcula (Figs 84 – 87). Manubrium ventral side with 1 + 1 distal ciliate chaetae; dorsal face with lateral rows of elongated ciliate spiniform mac, short and lanceolate ciliated chaetae and ciliate chaetae of different sizes (Fig 84); manubrial plate with six ciliate chaetae and two pseudopores (Fig. 85). Dens dorsally with one outer row of 21 – 27 elongated ciliate spiniform mac (holotype with 27) and one scale-like chaeta distally; inner row of 2 3 – 30 short striated spines (holotype with 29) and one acuminate ciliated chaeta (Fig. 86). Mucro square with four teeth, three in one dorsal row and one internal median (Fig. 87).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334383A1BCC8AFC6643AEF91D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new species was named after Dr. Ernest C. Bernard, an important Collembola researcher from USA.	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334383A1BCC8AFC6643AEF91D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. The new species was found in Caatinga phytogeographic domain, Ceará state, Brazil Northeast, Good’s biogeographic zone 27 of the Neotropical Region (Good 1974). The climate of the area following the Köppen-Geiger system is " BSh " Hot steppe (Semi-arid climate), characterized by low humidity and little rainfall volume, with averages between 200 mm and 400 mm (Kottek et al. 2006). Specimens of T. ernesti sp. nov. were collected from dead leaf samples in shaded forested grounds.	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334383A1BCC8AFC6643AEF91D.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Trogolaphysa ernesti sp. nov. resembles T. quisqueyana Soto-Adames, Jordana & Baquero, 2014 from Dominican Republic by 8 + 8 eyes, labial basomedian field with chaetae M 1 and M 2 ciliated, maxillary and sublobal chaetotaxy, dorsal head with 6 mac (A 0, A 2 – 3, M 2, S 3, S 5), Th. II with 6 mac in p 3 complex, Th. III and Abd. I without mac, Abd. IV with 4 inner mac (A 3, A 5, B 4 – 5), shape empodium, and mucro with 4 teeth (Soto- Adames et al. 2014, Soto-Adames 2015). However, the new species differ in: lack of pigmentation on mouth cone and abdomen IV (present in T. quisqueyana), Ant. IV annulated (simple in T. quisqueyana), trochanteral organ with 49 spine-like chaetae (28 in T. quisqueyana), collophore anterior side with 4 + 4 distal mac (2 + 2 in T. quisqueyana), and dens inner row with 23 – 30 ciliate spines and outer row with 21 – 27 spines, while in T. quisqueyana there are 35 – 42 inner and 25 – 28 outer spines. In addition, the dorsal chaetotaxy of the new species differs by Abd. III with p 7 mac present (possibly absent in T. quisqueyana) and Abd. IV with 10 posterior chaetae (12 – 14 in T. quisqueyana). Trogolaphysa ernesti sp. nov. also resembles superficially T. hirtipes (Handschin, 1924) from Southern Brazil, by reduced color pattern, Ant. IV annulated, and mucro with 4 teeth, but it is distinguished by unguiculi with one lamella serrated (all smooth in T. hirtipes) and dens with two rows of spines (one in T. hirtipes).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334323A1BCC8AFD39440CFE0B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Pigmentation variable, at least eyespots dark. Scales present, apically rounded or truncate, present on head, trunk and ventral face of furcula. Dorsal chaetotaxy complete or almost complete, with few macrochaetae and several microchaetae. Antennae shorter than body. Ant. IV not annulated or subdivided, with or (usually) without apical bulb. Ant. I shorter than head length. 8 + 8 eyes. Unguiculus truncate or lanceolate. Abd. II to IV bothriotricha formula as 2 + 2 / 3 + 3 / 2 + 2. Metafemoral organ absent. Manubrium without spines; dens with one or two rows of spines, mucro variable in length, with 3 – 5 teeth (adapted from Deharveng & Bedos 1995, Soto- Adames & Bellini 2015).	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
6F20573334323A1BCC8AFD39440CFE0B.taxon	discussion	Remarks on Brazilian fauna. Lepidonella zeppelinii Soto-Adames & Bellini, 2015 is the sole species of the genus recorded from Brazil and South America. Although L. zeppelinii fits the diagnosis provided by Deharveng & Bedos (1995) to Lepidonella and presents features which place it in Bromachantini (e. g., eye pattern), the overall chaetotaxy of L. zeppelinii is similar to Trogolaphysa spp., which suggests proximity to the late genus (as discussed in Soto-Adames 2015). The species also should be investigated from a phylogenetic perspective to make sure it is proximally related to Lepidonella spp. from the Paleotropical Kingdom or even to L. marimuti Soto-Adames & Bellini, 2015. Additions and corrections to the original description are: presence of a discrete shallow subapical organite on Ant. IV; labial basomedian field with three or two medial ciliate chaetae (original description showed only three), and legs devoid of scales.	en	Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia (2017): The Neotropical genera of Paronellinae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea, Paronellidae) with description of two new species and redescription of Campylothorax mitrai. Zootaxa 4300 (2): 151-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.1
