identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
4FD1CFA355525998B7F5F9DA92233BFB.text	4FD1CFA355525998B7F5F9DA92233BFB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Longidorus bordonensis Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez & Santos & Inácio & Eisenback & Mota 2020	<div><p>Longidorus bordonensis sp. nov. Figs 1 (1-7), 2(1-10), Table 2, Suppl. material 4: Table S2)</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>Slide PLB001.</p><p>Paratypes.</p><p>6 females and 6 males (slides PLB002-PLB 013) mounted on glass slides.</p><p>Type repositories.</p><p>The holotype (PLB001) and 8 paratypes (4 females and 4 males) (slides PLB002-PLB005 and PLB008-PLB011) are deposited in the Nematode Collection of the Nematology Lab, Institute for Mediterranean Agricultural and Environment Sciences, ICAAM, University of  Évora,  Évora; 2 paratypes (1 female and 1 male) (slides PLB006 and PLB012) in the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; 2 paratypes (1 female and 1 male) (slides PLB007 and PLB013) in the Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante (IPP) of Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (C.N.R.), Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Holotype and paratype specimens were extracted from a soil sample collected from the rhizosphere of an unidentified grass species at Bordonhos,  São Pedro do Sul, Viseu district, Beira Alta province, northern Portugal (40°45'53"N, 8°5'12"W) (Table 1)</p><p>* Topotype specimens ** Only one juvenile specimen was detected in this sample (-) Not obtained or not performed.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet of this species refers to the region of the type locality (Bordonhos) where the new species was found.</p><p>Description of female.</p><p>Short and slender body, slightly tapering at both ends, more pronounced in the tail. Curved in open J- or C-shaped relaxed by heat. Cuticle thin, appearing smooth under low magnifications, 1.8  ± 0.3 (1.3-2.2)  μm thick at mid body, but thicker (9.1  ± 0.7 (8.1-9.8)  μm) in hyaline region located at the end of tail region (Figs 1 (3), 2(6, 7); Table 2). Lateral chord ca 11.1  μm wide at mid-body or ca 34% of corresponding body diam. Lip region anteriorly flattened, expanded and rounded laterally, 10.1  ± 0.4 (9.6-10.7)  μm wide and 4.1  ± 0.5 (3.6-5.0)  μm high, set-off from body contour by a constriction (Figs 1 (1, 2), 2(1, 2), Table 2). Amphidial fovea large asymmetrically bilobed pouch occupying from 2/3 to 3/4 of the distance from oral aperture to guiding ring (Figs 1 (1, 2), 2(3), Table 2). Stylet guiding-ring single and posteriorly situated, 2.7-2.3 times lip region diameter from anterior end. Moderate and straight odontostyle, 1.5  ± 0.1 (1.3-1.7) times as long as odontophore; weakly developed, with rather weak basal swellings (Figs 1 (1), 2(4) Table 2). Nerve ring surrounding the tubular portion of the pharynx behind the odontophore base at 149.9  ± 7.7 (138.1-157.7)  μm from anterior end. Anterior slender part of pharynx usually coiled in its posterior region. Basal bulb short and cylindrical, 79.9  ± 6.2 (68.0-87.2)  μm long and 13.5  ± 1.0 (12.1-14.7)  μm in diameter. Glandularium 71.9  ± 3.0 (67.0-74.3)  μm long. Dorsal pharyngeal gland nucleus (DN) and ventro-sublateral nuclei (SVN) located at 33.1  ± 3.2 (29.4-35.3)% and 53.1  ± 0.7 (52.6-53.9)% of distance from anterior end of pharyngeal bulb, respectively. Cardia conoid to rounded, 8.6  ± 2.7 (6.3-13.1)  μm long (Figs 1 (7), 2(5), Table 2). Reproductive system with both genital branches equally developed, 8.4  ± 0.5 (7.5-8.7) or 8.0  ± 1.2 (6.7-9.5)% of body length (Table 2). Ovaries reflexed, variable in length, anterior ovary 71.4  ± 14.6 (52.0-85.8  μm long) and posterior ovary 82.3  ± 13.6 (68.0-99.0  μm long) (Table 2). Oviducts slightly longer than ovaries. Uteri cylindrical, quite variable in length, anterior uteri 283.9  ± 94.0 (209.0-418.0  μm long) and posterior uteri 251.3  ± 43.7 (194.0-295.0  μm long); sphincter usually well developed, delimiting uterus and oviduct. Sperm commonly found in the uteri of female reproductive tract. Vulva transverse, located slightly anterior to the middle of the body, vagina perpendicular to body axis, 21.8  ± 1.9 (19.0-24.6)  μm long (Figs 1 (5), 2(9), Table 2). Prerectum visible, variable in length, 547.5  ± 503.7 (162.0-1201.0)  μm long, and short rectum 20.0  ± 2.9 (15.0- 23.0)  μm long or 1.2 (0.9-1.6) times anal body width. Tail long, bluntly conoid, slightly ventrally curved with rounded terminus, bearing three pairs of caudal pores (Figs 1 (3), 2(6, 7); Table 2).</p><p>Description of male.</p><p>Males are as common as females. Appearance of body similar to female, except for reproductive organs. Male diorchic with testes paired and opposed. Tail conoid, more convex-curved ventrally than that of the female, with rounded terminus at the end of tail (Figs 1 (6), 2(8), Table 2). Spicules short, moderately developed, and quite curved ventrally; lateral guiding pieces more or less straight, sometimes with slightly curved proximal ends (Figs 1 (4, 6), 2(8, 10), Table 2). Large number of visible supplements, one pair of adanal and 9-11 mid-ventral supplements (Figs 1 (3), 2(8)).</p><p>*Abbreviations are defined in Jairajpuri and Ahmad 1992. (-) Not obtained or not performed.</p><p>Differential diagnosis.</p><p>Longidorus bordonensis sp. nov. is characterized by a short body within the genus  Longidorus (average = 4443  µm and 4560  µm in females and males, respectively), short odontostyle within the genus  Longidorus (average = 70.0  µm and 69.5  µm in females and males, respectively), lip region anteriorly flattened, expanded (average = 10.0  µm in both females and males) and rounded laterally, set-off from body contour by a constriction, asymmetrically bilobed amphidial pouches with lobes occupying from 2/3 to 3/4 part of the distance from oral aperture to guiding ring, tail long (average = 51.0  µm and 55.0  µm in females and males, respectively), bluntly conoid, slightly ventrally curved with rounded terminus, short to medium spicules (average = 37.0  µm) with one pair of adanal and 9-11 mid-ventral supplements (Figs 1 (1-7), 2(1-10), Table 2, Suppl. material 4: Table S2). According to the polytomous key of Chen et al. (1997) and two subsequent supplements (Loof and Chen 1999; Peneva et al. 2013),  L. bordonensis sp. nov. has the following codes (codes in parentheses are exceptions): A2, B1, C2, D4, E3, F2(3), G3, H(5)6, I2, J?, K?. On the basis of the diagnostic characters (body length, odontostyle length, lip region width, shape of anterior region, shape of amphidial pouch, oral aperture-guiding ring distance, tail length, spicule length, tail shape, a and  c’ ratios, and frequency of males) used in the polytomous key by Chen et al. (1997), and supplements by Loof and Chen (1999) and Peneva et al. (2013),  L. bordonensis sp. nov. is grouped with  L. indalus Archidona-Yuste,  Navas-Cortés, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Palomares-Rius &amp; Castillo, 2016,  L. carpetanensis Arias,  Andrés &amp; Navas, 1986,  L. unedoi Arias,  Andrés &amp; Navas, 1986, L.  juvenilis, L.  pini Jacobs &amp; Heyns, 1987,  L. pisi Edward, Misra &amp; Singh, 1964, and  L. distintus Lamberti, Choleva &amp; Agostinelli, 1983. Morphological and morphometric characters of the new species are compared with its closely related species (Suppl. material 4: Table S2).  Longidorus bordonensis sp. nov. differs from paratypes of  L. pini by small differences in the distance from the guiding ring to the anterior end (23.0-26.7  μm vs 26-27  μm), amphidial pouch shapes (asymmetrically bilobed with lobes occupying from 2/3 to 3/4 of the oa-gr distance vs symmetrically bilobed with lobes occupying from 1/3 to 2/3 of the oa-gr distance), tail shape (bluntly conoid, slightly ventrally curved with round terminus vs tail long, conical dorsally convex and ventrally concave, with the round terminus slightly subdigitate) and the frequency of males (common vs absent). Also, the new species differs from some previously cited species in measurements and ratios, including L,  c’ and a ratios, odontostyle length, lip region diameter and shape, the distance from guiding ring to anterior, and tail length and shape (Suppl. material 4: Table S2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4FD1CFA355525998B7F5F9DA92233BFB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Carlos;Santos, Margarida Teixeira;Inacio, Maria Lurdes;Eisenback, Jonathan D.;Mota, Manuel	Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Carlos, Santos, Margarida Teixeira, Inacio, Maria Lurdes, Eisenback, Jonathan D., Mota, Manuel (2020): Description of Longidorus bordonensis sp. nov. from Portugal, with systematics and molecular phylogeny of the genus (Nematoda, Longidoridae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96 (1): 175-193, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.49022, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.49022
FE19A11463AF58C9914758CB306C0FD3.text	FE19A11463AF58C9914758CB306C0FD3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Longidorus vineacola Sturhan & Weischer 1964	<div><p>Longidorus vineacola Sturhan &amp; Weischer, 1964 Suppl.material 2: Fig. S2(1-11), Suppl.material 6: Table S4</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Three populations of  L. vineacola from cork oak ( Quercus suber L.) trees at Amoreirinhas da Cima, Montemor-o-Novo, Portugal and one population from wild olive ( Olea europaea L. var. sylvestris) at Valverde,  Évora, Portugal, are characterized morphometrically and morphologically: body medium-length to long (6.9-9.6 mm in females and 6.4-8.2 mm in males); odontostyle long (87.0-99.5  µm in females and 91.5-100.9  µm in males); lip region slightly set off from body contour by a depression; amphidial pouches asymmetrically bilobed; two equally developed female genital branches; females with broadly rounded tail usually as long as anal diameter; vulva posterior to mid-body; males with spicules well developed (69.9-79.9  µm long), and supplements consisting of an adanal pair and 14 or 15 ventromedians (Suppl. material 2: Fig. S2(1-11); Suppl. material 6: Table S4). The morphological and metrical traits closely agree with the original description of the species (Sturhan and Weischer 1964) and subsequent records (Boag and Brown 1987; Brown and Taylor 1987;  Andrés et al. 1991; Roca and Bravo 1996; Bravo and Lemos 1997; Brown et al. 1997;  Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez et al. 2013, 2016; Archidona-Yuste et al. 2016), except for minor intraspecific variations in a and c ratios and length of odontostyle and spicules (Suppl. material 6: Table S4). This species was originally described parasitizing grapevine roots in Germany (Sturhan and Weischer 1964) and has since been reported in a large number of records from various Euro-Mediterranean countries from a wide range of herbaceous and woody hosts (Bravo and Lemos 1997; Brown et al. 1997; Taylor and Brown 1997;  Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez et al. 2013, 2016; Archidona-Yuste et al. 2016). The alphanumeric codes for these populations of  L. vineacola were applied in the diagnostic identification key for  Longidorus spp. by Chen et al. (1997) and successive supplements by Loof and Chen (1999) and Peneva et al. (2013); they are (codes in parentheses are exceptions): A3(4), B3(4), C(2)3,D2, E3, F45, G23, H1, I2, J?, K?. Unfortunately, we detected no juvenile stages in our surveys; however, four juvenile stages were described by Sturhan and Weischer (1964) and by Roca and Bravo (1996). Additionally,  Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez et al. (2013) using an integrative strategy characterized females, males, and first-stage juveniles (J1) of several populations of southern Spain and assigned molecular markers for this species.</p><p>Molecular results and phylogenetic relationships of  Longidorus bordonensis sp. nov. and other  Longidorus spp.</p><p>Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS1 rRNA, and partial 18S rRNA from  L. bordonensis sp. nov. and four other  Longidorus spp. For each of the species studied, these three genes had an approximate size of 700-800, 900-1000, and 1600 bp, respectively, based on visualization of the band on the electrophoresis gel and the subsequent direct sequencing.</p><p>D2-D3 sequences of  L. bordonensis sp. nov. (MN082421-MN082422) matched well with the  Longidorus spp. deposited in GenBank. Both D2-D3 sequences of  L. bordonensis sp. nov. (MN082421 and MN082422) were almost identical, with a 99.31 % of sequence similarity. D2-D3 sequences of the new species were 95, 95, and 87%, similar to  L. pini (MH430028, Spain),  L. carpetanensis (MH430019-MH430020, Spain), and  Longidorus sp. 1 FG-2018 isolate (MG765547, Iran), respectively, and differed in 27, 28-30, and 75 nucleotides, respectively. ITS1 sequence of  L. bordonensis sp. nov. (MN150062) appropriately matched with other  Longidorus spp. deposited in GenBank. This ITS1 sequence was 83-82, and 83% similar to  L. carpetanenesis (MH429991-MH429993, Spain) and  L. pini (MH430001, Spain), respectively. The variations among the ITS1 sequences of these species were from 143 to 157 nucleotides. The partial 18S rRNA gene sequences of  L. bordonensis sp. nov. (MN129757) showed a high homology (more than 99% similarity) with two sequences deposited in GenBank belonging to  L. carpetanensis (MH430006, Spain) and  L. pini (MH430011, Spain). The variations among the 18S sequences of these species were from 8 to 15 nucleotides.</p><p>The D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS1 rRNA, and the partial 18S rRNA gene sequences obtained in this study for  L. vinearum,  L. vineacola, and  L. wicuolea matched well with sequences from the same species previously deposited in GenBank, increasing knowledge of the genotypic diversity in  Longidorus (Table 1). For the species of  Longidorus studied here, there were multiple failed attempts to sequence the ITS1 region and a partial portion of 18S rRNA gene before our study was concluded (Table 1). The D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene sequences from  L. vinearum (MN082430-MN082434) matched closely (99% similarity) to sequences of Spanish populations of this species in GenBank (KT308874, KT308876-KT308877); and the variations among these D2-D3 sequences ranged from 2 to 5 nucleotides. Intra-specific variation of D2-D3 detected among the populations of  L. vinearum (three from grapevine and one from wild olive) (Table 1) was from 0 to 2 nucleotides (99% similarity and 0-1 indels). For  L. vinearum, three ITS1 sequences (MN150065, MN150067, MN150068) from Dois Portos (LISB-03-04, grapevine) and an ITS1 sequence (MN150066) from Evora (M3-OLV, wild olive) were sequenced and showed a high similarity (99%), with some minor intra-specific variations among them (2-14 nucleotides and 0-1 indels). Our ITS1 sequences (MN150065-MN150068) had 98% similarity to others deposited in GenBank for  L. vinearum (KT308892-KT308893, Spain); and the variations among them ranged from 17-23 nucleotides and 1-3 indels. The D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene sequences from  L. vineacola (MN082425-MN082429) also had 99% similarity to several sequences of Spanish populations of this species in GenBank (JX445109-JX445111; KT308872, KT308873); and the variations among them ranged from 2 to 9 nucleotides. Intra-specific variation of the D2-D3 region among the four populations of  L. vineacola (three from cork oak and one from wild olive) (Table 1) was low, varying from 0 to 6 nucleotides (99-100% similarity and 0 indels). For  L. vineacola, the ITS1 region and the partial portion of 18S gene sequenced agree with results obtained from the D2-D3 fragments. The partial 18S rRNA gene sequence of  L. vineacola (MN129758) was identical (100% similarity) to several  L. vineacola sequences deposited in GenBank (AY283169, UK; JX445123, Spain), and 99% similar to  L. onubensis Archidona-Yuste, Navas  Cortés, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Palomares-Rius &amp; Castillo, 2016 (KT308897, Spain),  L. nevesi (MH430009, Spain),  L. wicuolea (KT308900, Spain),  L. fasciatus (MH430008, Spain; JX445122, Spain), and  L. pacensis Archidona-Yuste, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Castillo &amp; Palomare-Rius, 2019 (MH430004-MH430005, Spain). The variations among the partial 18S rRNA gene sequences of these species varied from 8 to 16 nucleotides. Our ITS1 sequence of  L. vineacola (MN150064) showed a variable and low sequence homology with other sequences of  L. vineacola in Genbank; the homology ranged from 97% (JX445094, Spain) to 94% (JX445096, Spain). The variations among the ITS1 sequences of these three sequences ranged from 18 to 51 nucleotides. The D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene sequence from  L. wicuolea (MN082423) were 99% similar to three sequences of Spanish populations of this same species in GenBank (KT308863-KT308865, Spain). The variations among these four D2-D3 sequences ranged from 1 to 5 nucleotides. For  L. wicuolea, the ITS1 sequences agree with results from the D2-D3 region. Our ITS1 sequence of  L. wicuolea (MN150063) was 100% identical to other two sequences of this species in Genbank (KT308887 and KT308889, Spain) and clearly different (90%-88% similarity) from  L. silvestris Archidona-Yuste, Navas  Cortés, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Palomares-Rius &amp; Castillo, 2016 (KT308884, Spain), and  L. cf. olegi Kankina &amp; Metlitskaya, 1983 (MH429999, MH430000, Spain); and the variations among these ITS1 sequences ranged from 18 to 51 nucleotides. The D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene sequence from  Longidorus sp. 3 isolate ST (MN082424) matched well with several  Longidorus spp. deposited in GenBank, including  L. lusitanicus (KT308869, Spain) as the closest with 98.55% similarity, followed by  L. magnus Lamberti, Bleve-Zacheo &amp; Arias, 1982 (JX445113 and KT308870, Spain),  L. crataegi Roca &amp; Bravo, 1996 (JX445114, Spain),  L. goodeyi Hooper, 1961 (AY601581), and  L. vinearum (KT308876, Spain) with 94-95% similarity; and the sequence variations among the D2-D3 sequences of these species were from 11-42 nucleotides and 1-12 indels.</p><p>Using Bayesian inference (BI), we compared the phylogenetic position of  L. bordonensis sp. nov. and other  Longidorus spp. by using the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, the ITS1 region, and the partial 18S rRNA gene sequences (Figs 3 - 5). The BI tree (50% majority rule consensus tree) of the D2-D3 domains of 28S rRNA gene (Fig. 3) was based on a multiple-edited alignment (135 total sequences) of 722 total characters and revealed a major clade containing the majority of these species, including  L. bordonensis sp. nov. and the remaining Iberian populations of  Longidorus spp. (Fig. 3). The generated phylogenetic tree, using sequences of these D2-D3 fragments (Fig. 3), showed a clearly congruent position of  L. bordonensis sp. nov. (MN082421, MN082422). The clade, including  L. bordonensis sp. nov., grouped morphologically related species characterized by a short body and odontostyle and elongate to conical female tail, such as in  L. pini (MH430028, Spain) and  L. carpetanensis (MH430019, MH430020, Spain). The D2-D3 tree showed a consistent position for  L. vinearum (MN082430- MN082434), which was placed within a well-supported clade of available GenBank entries belonging to  L. vinearum (KT308874, KT308876, Spain) and clearly separated from the new species and other morphologically related species, such as  L. magnus (KT308870, KX445113, Spain),  L. crataegi (JX445114, Spain),  L. goodeyi (AY601581),  L. onubensis (KT308857, KT308858, Spain),  L. oakcrassus Cai, Archidona-Yuste, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Palomares-Rius &amp; Pablo Castillo, 2019 (MK941187-MK941190),  L. oakgracilis Cai, Archidona-Yuste, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Palomares-Rius &amp; Pablo Castillo, 2019 (MK941191-MK941193),  L. wicuolea (KT308863-KT308865, Spain; MN022423, Portugal),  L. andalusicus (JX445101, Spain), and  L. vineacola (JX445111, Spain; MN082425-MN082429 Portugal). Likewise, this D2-D3 tree also showed congruence for the phylogenetic positions of  L. vineacola sequences obtained here (MN082425-MN082429), as it was positioned within a well-supported clade together an available sequence in Genbank belonging to  L. vineacola (JX445111, Spain). This clade, including all  L. vineacola sequences, were separated from the new species and other phenotypically similar species, such as  L. cf. olegi (MH430026-MH430027, Spain),  L. silvestris (KT308859, Spain),  L. lusitanicus (KT308869, Spain),  L. oakcrassus (MK941187-MK941190), and  L. wicuolea (KT308863-KT308865, Spain; MN022423, Portugal). In addition,  Longidorus sp. 3 isolate ST (MN082424) was placed in a separated position within a well-supported sub-clade, clustering together to  L. lusitanicus (KT308889, Spain) and  L. crataegi (JX445114, Spain).</p><p>Similarly, the BI tree (50% majority rule consensus tree) of a multiple-edited alignment, including 116 18S rRNA sequences and 1690 total characters (Fig. 4) and 116 ITS1 sequences and 570 total characters (Fig. 5), showed a topology similar to that of the D2-D3 fragments of the 28S gene. Both the partial 18S and ITS1 trees using BI (Figs 4, 5) showed a close phylogenetic relationship of  L. bordonensis sp. nov. (18S, MN129757; ITS1, MN150062) with  L. pini (18S, MH430011, Spain; ITS1, MH430001, Spain) and  L. carpetanensis (18S, MH430006 Spain; ITS1, MH429991-MH429993, Spain). Both 18S and ITS1 trees showed a congruent position for all known species found in this study. For 18S and ITS1 trees, our  L. vineacola sequences (18S, MN129758; ITS1, MN150064) were grouped in a well-supported clade also containing GenBank entries belonging to  L. vineacola (18S, JX445111, Spain and AY283169; ITS1, JX445094, JX445096, Spain). In the ITS1 tree, all sequences from  L. vinearum, including the accessions from our sequences (MN082425-MN082429) and GenBank accessions (KT308892-KT308893, Spain) clustered in the same well-supported sub-clade; however, they also clustered together with  L. magnus (HM921340, Spain). Similarly, the tree generated using the ITS1 dataset, sequences from  L. wicuolea, including the accession from our population (MN150063) and other populations in GenBank (KT308886-KT308888, Spain), clustered in the same well-supported sub-clade; however, this sub-clade also included  L. silvestris (KT308884, Spain).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FE19A11463AF58C9914758CB306C0FD3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Carlos;Santos, Margarida Teixeira;Inacio, Maria Lurdes;Eisenback, Jonathan D.;Mota, Manuel	Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Carlos, Santos, Margarida Teixeira, Inacio, Maria Lurdes, Eisenback, Jonathan D., Mota, Manuel (2020): Description of Longidorus bordonensis sp. nov. from Portugal, with systematics and molecular phylogeny of the genus (Nematoda, Longidoridae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96 (1): 175-193, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.49022, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.49022
32B629FFA5B5555399E8A4204AB33057.text	32B629FFA5B5555399E8A4204AB33057.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Longidorus vinearum Bravo & Roca 1995	<div><p>Longidorus vinearum Bravo &amp; Roca, 1995 Suppl. material 1: Fig. S1(1-9), Suppl. material 5: Table S3</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Longidorus vinearum was originally described from around roots of grapevine ( Vitis L.) in Dois Portos, Torres Vedras, Portugal (Bravo and Roca 1995). Subsequently, Bravo and Roca (1998) reported it from the rhizosphere of olive trees ( Olea europaea L.) in Matela, Vimioso, Portugal. Recently, Archidona-Yuste et al. (2016) found four populations of this species associated with wild olive trees in Andalusia (Spain) and characterized these populations molecularly. Three populations resembling this  Longidorus species were detected parasitizing grapevine roots at Dois Portos, Torres Vedras (type locality of  L. vinearum), Ordasqueira, Torres Vedras, and Picanceira, Mafra, and another population from around the roots of wild olive trees at Valverde,  Évora, all in Portugal (Table 1, Suppl. material 5: Table S3). These populations prompted us to characterize them genotypically and phenotypically, including the topotype specimens, in order to confirm their identification. Unfortunately, only one specimen was found at Picanceira, Mafra (Table 1) and used to complete the molecular analysis. These findings represent the third and fourth records of this species for Portugal and the Iberian Peninsula, respectively. We confirm a wider geographical distribution of this species in this geographical region.</p><p>Longidorus vinearum populations are characterized by a lip region, which is broadly rounded frontally, and more so laterally, and almost totally continuous with the outline of the body; a vulva near mid-body; the amphidial fovea large and clearly asymmetrically bilobed; the odontostyle long and robust; short tail characterized by having a bluntly rounded to hemispherical shape, dorsal side quite more convex than ventral side with rounded terminus; males characterized by large-sized spicules (average = 112.0  µm) and a large number of supplements, one pair of adanal and 18 or 19 mid-ventral supplements (Suppl. material 1: Fig. S1(1-9); Suppl. material 5: Table S3). Morphological and morphometrical traits of the topotype population from Dois Portos, Torres Vedras (Suppl. material 5: Table S3) agree very well with the original description (Bravo and Roca 1995). Morphometric measurements of adult specimens of the topotype population are coincident with those provided in the original description (Bravo and Roca 1995) (Suppl. material 5: Table S3) except for minor differences in a and  c’ ratios (69.2-79.8 vs 70.7-101.3; 0.6-0.7 vs 0.5-0.8), lip region diameter (21.9-23.4 vs 18.0-27.5), length from the oral aperture to guiding ring (34.5-43.2 vs 36.0-47.0), tail length (45.3-61.8 vs 38.0-57.0), odontostyle length (113.8-126.4 vs 105.5-132.0), and odontophore length (65.3-82.5 vs 58.0-85.0) for the females (Suppl. material 5: Table S3), which may be due to intraspecific variability, as reported by Archidona-Yuste et al. (2016). Also, the topotype population shows similarity to four populations from  Córdoba province, southern Spain (Archidona-Yuste et al. 2016); however, minor differences were detected in females such as L, a and  c’ ratios, lip region diameter length, odontostyle and odontophore lengths, distance from oral aperture to guiding ring, and, in males, spicule length. In addition, the topotype population agrees closely with the morphological features and morphometric measurements of all Portuguese populations examined (Suppl. material 5: Table S3), except for a higher V ratio (47.1-50.1 vs 45.8-51.4, 44.0), a longer odontostyle (113.8-126.4 vs 112.9-121.7, 116.8)  µm and a smaller J length (11.7-17.4 vs 13.1-21.3, 19.7)  µm (Suppl. material 5: Table S3). Nevertheless, these differences further expand the intraspecific variation of the species and should be regarded as geographical intraspecific variation. According to the polytomous key by Chen et al. (1997) and its supplements (Loof and Chen 1999; Peneva et al. 2013), the topotypes and other studied Portuguese populations of this species have the following codes: A45, B45, C34, D2, E3, F45, G1, H1, I12, J?, K?. Unfortunately, we did not detect the first juvenile-stage. However, this stage was characterized in the original description (Bravo and Roca 1995) and later by Archidona-Yuste et al. (2016), who also characterized this species molecularly.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/32B629FFA5B5555399E8A4204AB33057	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Carlos;Santos, Margarida Teixeira;Inacio, Maria Lurdes;Eisenback, Jonathan D.;Mota, Manuel	Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Carlos, Santos, Margarida Teixeira, Inacio, Maria Lurdes, Eisenback, Jonathan D., Mota, Manuel (2020): Description of Longidorus bordonensis sp. nov. from Portugal, with systematics and molecular phylogeny of the genus (Nematoda, Longidoridae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 96 (1): 175-193, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.49022, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.49022
