taxonID	type	description	language	source
2DFF48EFBEC55097A5AAB1A2B365EEE2.taxon	description	Figs 5, 6, 7, 8	en	Li, Xinlong, Xu, Ningxia, Ge, Meiling, Hu, Xuying, Li, Mengna, Wang, Zongling, Zhang, Xuelei, Xu, Qinzeng (2025): Morphology and phylogeny of two new species of deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia, Corallidae, Anthomastinae) from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2103-2121, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.163559
2DFF48EFBEC55097A5AAB1A2B365EEE2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Mushroom-shaped, with a spherical capitulum and a short and inconspicuous stalk. Polyps are dimorphic. Autozooids are large, retractile, and evenly arranged over the capitulum. Siphonozooids are invisible, numerous, densely scattered among autozooids. The sclerite profile is diverse, but characterized by the absence of spindles in all parts of the colony. Sclerites of the capitulum surface and stalk predominantly include multiradiates and plates. Tentacular sclerites are composed predominantly of dumbbells and plates; anthocodial walls contain clubs and dumbbells. Pharyngeal sclerites are platelets with a distinct median waist and crosses.	en	Li, Xinlong, Xu, Ningxia, Ge, Meiling, Hu, Xuying, Li, Mengna, Wang, Zongling, Zhang, Xuelei, Xu, Qinzeng (2025): Morphology and phylogeny of two new species of deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia, Corallidae, Anthomastinae) from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2103-2121, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.163559
2DFF48EFBEC55097A5AAB1A2B365EEE2.taxon	description	Description of holotype. Colony form and size. The specimen FIO-ATL 83 - JLBEN 27711 has a prominent capitulum supported by an inconspicuous stalk, with an approximate 1: 1 height ratio between the capitulum and stalk, and a total height of 42 mm (Fig. 6 A, G). The capitulum is dome-shaped, with a diameter of 33 mm and a height of 20 mm. The stalk is short, thick, and cylindrical, with a diameter of 20 mm and a height of 22 mm. Polyps. There are 22 large autozooids evenly arranged over the capitulum, typically spaced about 8 mm apart. The autozooids are retractile, with some being fully retracted while others are contracted with their tentacles curved inward, forming small spherical protrusions on the surface of capitulum (Fig. 5 C). The autozooids are large, with a maximum length of 51 mm (including tentacles, which are 17 mm long). The pinnules are arranged either oppositely or alternately, with 12 – 18 pairs. Siphonozooids are small, numerous, invisible, and scattered among the autozooids at intervals of 1.6 – 2.0 mm. Sclerites. Tentacular sclerites (Fig. 6 A) are plates (0.12 – 0.21 mm long), rods (0.13 – 0.23 mm long), dumbbells (0.11 – 0.22 mm long), and a few rods with a short transverse axis (0.14 – 0.23 mm long). Pharyngeal sclerites (Fig. 6 B) are platelets with a median waist (0.05 – 0.08 mm long) and a few crosses derived from small plates. Sclerites of the anthocodial wall (Fig. 7 A) are rods (0.17 – 0.35 mm long), clubs (0.14 – 0.19 mm long), dumbbells (0.13 – 0.18 mm long), multiradiates (0.10 – 0.14 mm long), and a few crosses. Sclerites from the surface of capitulum (Fig. 7 B) are rods (0.18 – 0.37 mm long), clubs (0.17 – 0.23 mm long), multiradiates (0.11 – 0.14 mm long), and a few crosses. Sclerites from interior of capitulum (Fig. 7 C) are long rods (0.27 – 0.49 mm long). Sclerites from the surface of stalk (Fig. 8 A) are multiradiates (0.10 – 0.14 mm long), rods (0.15 – 0.23 mm long), and a few crosses. Sclerites from the interior of the stalk (Fig. 8 B) are long rods (0.32 – 0.40 mm long). Sclerites of the holdfast (Fig. 8 C) are rods (0.17 – 0.31 mm long), multiradiates (0.09 – 0.14 mm long), and a few crosses. Color. Live specimens display a bright red color, while appearing vermilion in ethanol. The distal ends of the tentacles are yellowish-white. Variation. Paratype FIO-ATL 83 - JLBEN 27712 was attached to a dead coral skeleton and has 20 autozooids. The capitulum is 16 mm high with a diameter of 23 mm. The stalk is short and inconspicuous, with a length of 6 mm. Paratype FIO-ATL 83 - JLBEN 27713 was also attached to a dead coral skeleton and has 28 autozooids. The capitulum is 22 mm high with a diameter of 33 mm, and the stalk is 16 mm high.	en	Li, Xinlong, Xu, Ningxia, Ge, Meiling, Hu, Xuying, Li, Mengna, Wang, Zongling, Zhang, Xuelei, Xu, Qinzeng (2025): Morphology and phylogeny of two new species of deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia, Corallidae, Anthomastinae) from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2103-2121, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.163559
2DFF48EFBEC55097A5AAB1A2B365EEE2.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Latin mirabilis, meaning “ wonderful ” and “ astonishing, ” concisely reflects how this deep-sea coral’s striking red, spherical form with long autozooids captivates observers with its beauty.	en	Li, Xinlong, Xu, Ningxia, Ge, Meiling, Hu, Xuying, Li, Mengna, Wang, Zongling, Zhang, Xuelei, Xu, Qinzeng (2025): Morphology and phylogeny of two new species of deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia, Corallidae, Anthomastinae) from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2103-2121, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.163559
2DFF48EFBEC55097A5AAB1A2B365EEE2.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Known only from the type locality. Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 1,553 – 1,649 m.	en	Li, Xinlong, Xu, Ningxia, Ge, Meiling, Hu, Xuying, Li, Mengna, Wang, Zongling, Zhang, Xuelei, Xu, Qinzeng (2025): Morphology and phylogeny of two new species of deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia, Corallidae, Anthomastinae) from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2103-2121, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.163559
E8833D0F92535ED3809A05E727009E1A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. (Modified from Li et al. 2025, with bold italics indicating modifications.) Mushroom-shaped, capitate colonies with dome-shaped capitulum separated from a conspicuous and often cylindrical stalk. Polyps dimorphic, with sclerites. Autozooids arranged over capitulum, sterile, large, not very numerous, retractile but not completely retracted. Sclerites equally developed around autozooids. Anthocodial armature more developed near base of tentacles. Siphonozooids scattered over both capitulum and stalk, fertile, conspicuous, feebly armored, and numerous. Sclerites multiradiates, rods, spindles, needles, clubs, and crosses. Pharyngeal sclerites predominantly rodlets, sometimes with crosses. Tentacular sclerites predominately rods, spindles, and multiradiates.	en	Li, Xinlong, Xu, Ningxia, Ge, Meiling, Hu, Xuying, Li, Mengna, Wang, Zongling, Zhang, Xuelei, Xu, Qinzeng (2025): Morphology and phylogeny of two new species of deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia, Corallidae, Anthomastinae) from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2103-2121, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.163559
E8833D0F92535ED3809A05E727009E1A.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Neoanthomastus stellatus Li, Li & Xu, 2025.	en	Li, Xinlong, Xu, Ningxia, Ge, Meiling, Hu, Xuying, Li, Mengna, Wang, Zongling, Zhang, Xuelei, Xu, Qinzeng (2025): Morphology and phylogeny of two new species of deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia, Corallidae, Anthomastinae) from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2103-2121, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.163559
3CACF1D71AC95E5D8F8DF218B39E5EB4.taxon	description	Figs 2, 3, 4, 5	en	Li, Xinlong, Xu, Ningxia, Ge, Meiling, Hu, Xuying, Li, Mengna, Wang, Zongling, Zhang, Xuelei, Xu, Qinzeng (2025): Morphology and phylogeny of two new species of deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia, Corallidae, Anthomastinae) from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2103-2121, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.163559
3CACF1D71AC95E5D8F8DF218B39E5EB4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Mushroom-shaped, capitate colony with a spherical capitulum separated from a cylindrical stalk. Stalk is long, typically at least three times longer than its maximum width, and approximately 2.5 times longer than the capitulum. Autozooids are large, retractile but not completely retracted. Siphonozooids are red, small, visible, and distributed across the surface of the capitulum and restricted to the upper 1 / 3 of the stalk. Sclerites include rods, clubs, spindles, multiradiates, and crosses; sclerite density on the capitulum surface, tentacles, and pharynx is abundant. Sclerites from the interior of the capitulum are absent. Anthocodial walls contain both curved rods and clubs. Pharyngeal sclerites are rodlets and crosses. Tentacular sclerites consist exclusively of straight rods and rods with one end unilaterally curved, lacking spindles and multiradiates.	en	Li, Xinlong, Xu, Ningxia, Ge, Meiling, Hu, Xuying, Li, Mengna, Wang, Zongling, Zhang, Xuelei, Xu, Qinzeng (2025): Morphology and phylogeny of two new species of deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia, Corallidae, Anthomastinae) from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2103-2121, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.163559
3CACF1D71AC95E5D8F8DF218B39E5EB4.taxon	description	Description of holotype. Colony form and size. The specimen FIO-ATL 83 - JLBEN 26604 is a mushroom-shaped, capitate colony with a spheroidal capitulum supported by a conspicuous stalk (Fig. 1 B). The capitulum is 17 mm in diameter and 15 mm high. The transition between the capitulum and the stalk is smooth. The conspicuous, longitudinally striated stalk is long (45 mm in height, 75 % of the colony), soft, and gradually tapers toward the capitulum (6 mm in diameter), while the base of the stalk is thicker (14 mm in diameter). In life, the specimen was attached to stone (Fig. 1 B). Polyps. The polyps are dimorphic. 28 autozooids are evenly arranged on the capitulum, retractile but not completely retracted. Upon retraction, the tentacles first contract into a spherical shape, followed by the autozooids retracting into the capitulum, leaving a protrusion on the surface of the capitulum. The largest autozooid has a diameter of 5 mm and a length of 33 mm, including the tentacles. The tentacles reach up to 12 mm with mostly 14 – 18 pairs of pinnules. The longest pinnules are located at the distal third of the tentacles. Siphonozooids are distributed on the capitulum and the upper third of the stalk, visible as red protrusions, and are usually 0.4 – 0.6 mm wide, spaced 0.15 – 0.6 mm apart (Fig. 1 D). Sclerites. Tentacular sclerites (Fig. 2 A) are exclusively composed of rods, including straight rods (0.17 – 0.35 mm long) and rods with one end curved (0.18 – 0.34 mm long). Pharyngeal sclerites (Fig. 2 B) are mostly rodlets (0.06 – 0.09 mm long) and a few crosses. Anthocodial sclerites (Fig. 3 A) are straight rods (0.16 – 0.36 mm long), rods with one end curved (0.16 – 0.37 mm long), and a few clubs (0.18 – 0.25 mm long). Sclerites from the surface of capitulum (Fig. 3 B) are straight rods (0.31 – 0.35 mm long), rods with one end curved (0.23 – 0.30 mm long), prominent tuberculated spindles (0.17 – 0.24 mm long), prominent tuberculated clubs (0.18 – 0.23 mm long), and multiradiates (0.12 – 0.15 mm long). Sclerites from surface of the stalk (Fig. 4 A) are mostly multiradiates (0.11 – 0.14 mm long), a few rods (0.31 – 0.34 mm long), and prominent tuberculated spindles (0.15 – 0.28 mm long). Sclerites from interior of the stalk (Fig. 4 B) are mostly rods (0.15 – 0.23 mm long) and a few rods with a short transverse axis (0.18 – 0.20 mm long). Sclerites of the holdfast (Fig. 4 C) are rods (0.23 – 0.31 mm long), multiradiates (0.12 – 0.15 mm long), prominent tuberculated spindles (0.15 – 0.25 mm long), a few rods with a short transverse axis (0.22 – 0.27 mm long), and crosses. Sclerites from the interior of the capitulum are absent. Color. In alcohol, both the capitulum and the stalk appear red, with the stalk being slightly lighter in color than the capitulum. The tentacle tips and pinnules are pale yellow, and the sclerites are red. Variation. Paratype FIO-ATL 83 - JLBEN 26602 is large, measuring 120 mm in total height, with a stalk height of 95 mm and bearing 28 autozooids. Paratype FIO-ATL 83 - JLBEN 26603 is attached to a dead coral branch, with a total height of 50 mm. The stalk measures 35 mm, approximately twice the height of the capitulum, and bears 12 autozooids. FIO-ATL 83 - JLBEN 26704 measures 75 mm in total height, with a stalk height of 55 mm and bears 18 autozooids. FIO-ATL 83 - JLBEN 26705 has a total height of 90 mm, with a stalk height of 72 mm and a relatively small capitulum (18 mm) bearing 9 autozooids.	en	Li, Xinlong, Xu, Ningxia, Ge, Meiling, Hu, Xuying, Li, Mengna, Wang, Zongling, Zhang, Xuelei, Xu, Qinzeng (2025): Morphology and phylogeny of two new species of deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia, Corallidae, Anthomastinae) from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2103-2121, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.163559
3CACF1D71AC95E5D8F8DF218B39E5EB4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name longistylus refers to the long stalk, one of the characteristics of this species.	en	Li, Xinlong, Xu, Ningxia, Ge, Meiling, Hu, Xuying, Li, Mengna, Wang, Zongling, Zhang, Xuelei, Xu, Qinzeng (2025): Morphology and phylogeny of two new species of deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia, Corallidae, Anthomastinae) from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2103-2121, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.163559
3CACF1D71AC95E5D8F8DF218B39E5EB4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Known only from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 1,860 – 2,151 m.	en	Li, Xinlong, Xu, Ningxia, Ge, Meiling, Hu, Xuying, Li, Mengna, Wang, Zongling, Zhang, Xuelei, Xu, Qinzeng (2025): Morphology and phylogeny of two new species of deep-sea mushroom soft corals (Octocorallia, Corallidae, Anthomastinae) from the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2103-2121, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.163559
