taxonID	type	description	language	source
600787E0FFD2FA445588D0D8FB52FCA3.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE male, labeled: MEXICO, Yucatan, Ria Lagartos Reserve, Municipio Tizimin, 4.2 km S Biological Station El Cuyo “ Zac-bo ” (21 º 28 ’ 58 ” N, 87 º 42 ’ 02 ” W), forest, 19 - III- 1996, Malaise trap, HH, PMS, RPR, cols. Specimen dissected and mounted on microscopic slide, deposited in CAIM.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD2FA445588D0D8FB52FCA3.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head (Fig. 1): Eyes with interfacet pubescence; head height including mouthparts 0.38 mm. Antennae brown, with abundant sensilla; distal flagellomere club-shaped, length 0.10 mm; flagellomeres 1 – 8 length 0.55 mm (Fig. 2). Maxillary palpus brown, with a rounded and moderately deep sensory pit at apex, length 0.06 mm (Fig. 3). Thorax: Brown, scutum sparsely covered with short setae; 5 supraalar setae; anterior spiracular sclerite with 13 setae (Fig. 4); anepisternum with 4 anterior setae and some lateral setae; 3 katepisternals setae. Legs pale brown, with sparse setae; femora lengths (anterior-hind): 0.33 mm; 0.36 mm and 0.46 mm. Tibiae lengths (anterior-hind): 0.29 mm; 0.32 mm and 0.48 mm. Hind tibia with faint pale annulation in median portion. All tarsi pale brown and claws strongly curved; empodia present. Wing length 1.43 mm, width 0.61 mm; membrane densely micropilose on whole surface. Veins R 1 and R 4 + 5 (Rs) with irregularly arranged rows of short setae on dorsal surface; C length 1.0 mm, as long as 0.7 the wing length; Sc faint, incomplete; r-m short; fork of M symmetrical; M 1 and M 2 complete; false vein present; CuA 1 complete; CuA 2 curved at middle (Fig. 5). Halter pale brown. Abdomen: Segment 7 covered with small setae; sternite 7 length 0.13 mm, width 0.40 mm, the posterior margin regular and concave (Fig. 6); tergite 7 length 0.14 mm, width 0.30 mm, the posterior margin with two triangular lobes separated by a rounded concavity (Fig. 7). Genital capsule massive (Fig. 8); gonocoxite short and robust, with pointed apex, length, 0.11 mm, width, 0.05 mm; parameres triangular with pointed apex; penis elongate and curved, length 0.16 mm; tergite 9 triangular, its apex narrowly rounded and with strong sculpture, length 0.14 mm, width at base 0.18 mm. Female: unknown.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD2FA445588D0D8FB52FCA3.taxon	discussion	Comments. Colobostema hoffmannae sp. nov., closely resembles Colobostema variatum Cook. Nevertheless, C. hoffmannae sp. nov., has the tergite 9 triangular, with its apex narrow and strong sculptured, the parameres triangular and apically pointed, and the tergite 7 with developed pointed lobes, whereas C. variatum Cook, has the tergite 9 comparatively broad with its apex apparently smooth, the parameres elongate-oval with rounded apex, and tergite 7 with small rounded lobes separated by a shallow regular concavity.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD2FA445588D0D8FB52FCA3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Yucatan).	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD2FA445588D0D8FB52FCA3.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named in honor of the late Dr. Anita Hoffmann Mendizabal (1919 – 2007), her instruction and friendship was determinant in our academic formation. She was an important contributor to Acarology and Entomology, being a pioneer in the study of mites and ticks in Mexico.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD1FA425588D3F2FACAF91D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 5 males, 7 females. MEXICO: Yucatan, Ria Lagartos Reserve, Zac-bo, forest, 15 - X- 1996, Malaise trap, (1 male); coastal dune, 18 - III- 1996, net, (1 female); Ría Celestun Reserve, near to DUMAC, mangrove, Malaise trap, 5 - IX- 1996, (2 females); near to Ecoparaiso, mangrove, Malaise trap, 28 - III- 1996, (4 males, 4 females); CNC, HH, PMS, RPR, cols. Female. Total length ca. 1.64 mm; body yellowish brown. Head brown, holoptic, total head height 0.44 mm (including labella); eyes with interfacet pubescence; mouthparts pale; antenna length 0.27 mm, brown, with 8 flagellomeres; all flagellomeres with chaetic macrosetae; palpus length 0.068 mm, pale, with sensory pit at apex. Thorax brown; scutum and scutellum covered with dispersed setae without arrangement; 14 – 16 antepronotal setae, 13 – 14 proepisternals, 13 proepimerals, 22 spiracular sclerite setae, 8 anepisternals, 32 – 33 katepisternals, 8 / 9 mesepimerals, 30 merals, no subspiraculars, no supra-alars, and no pedicelars. Legs pale brown, in some specimens the tibiae are somewhat marked with narrow subapical brown rings. Wing length 1.05 mm, width 0.41 mm. Abdomen: terminalia as in Fig. 9; sternite 8 triangular; tergite 8 band shaped, with a pair of spiracles; segments 9 + 10 with a sclerotized tooth projection distally; vaginal furca with the shape of an inverted “ V ”; cerci long, main portion triangular in outline, with an external crease that ends in a hook-like apical proyection; sclerotized ovoid spermatheca with distort neck, apparent spermatheca not sclerotized. Male. Terminalia as in Fig. 10.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD1FA425588D3F2FACAF91D.taxon	discussion	Comments. This species was originally described based on two male specimens. It is possible to recognize the species based on the male terminalia sclerites, in spite that they are very similar to those of Parascatopse sonorensis Cook, but possible to separate by the form of the tergite and sternite 7. Cook (1955: 363) mentioned that the female terminalia of P. w i r t h i Cook and P. sonorensis Cook are indistinguishable; the female of P. f l a v i d a Cook is different from those two species by the sclerotized projection with marginal teeth of segment 9 + 10. The male and female were associated based on body coloration and quetotaxy. This species was known from Florida (the type locality) and from Mississippi, USA, being this the first record for Mexico.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD7FA435588D770FDBCFE36.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 20 males, 15 females. MEXICO: Yucatan, Ria Lagartos Reserve, Peten, 31 - VIII- 1995, Malaise trap (1 female); 1 - IX- 1995 (1 female); coastal dune, 18 - III- 1995, (18 males). Ria Celestun Reserve, mangrove, near to DUMAC, Malaise trap, 5 - IX- 1996, (13 females), near to Ecoparaiso, 28 - III- 1996, (2 males); CNC, HH, RPR, SIB, cols.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD7FA435588D770FDBCFE36.taxon	discussion	Comments. Parascatopse wirthi Cook (1955: 363) is known from Florida, USA. In the original description of this species, the author refered to the figure of the male terminalia (Cook, 1955: 361, Plate IV-A). Specimens from Yucatan have some characteristics which are similar to those of P. w i r t h i Cook; nevertheless, there are some differences in the male terminalia, principally the shape of aedeagus and gonocoxite (Fig. 11) It is necessary to examine the type material of P. w i r t h i Cook, to determine if the Yucatan specimens are conespecific or a different new species.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD6FA435588D268FF20FC60.taxon	discussion	Comments. The male terminalia is presented in Fig. 12. This species was described based on one male from Belize. The present finding in Mexico extends its distribution towards the north of the Peninsula of Yu c at an.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD6FA415588D3B5FA82FC00.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE male, labeled: MEXICO, Yucatan, Ria Lagartos Reserve, Municipio Tizimin, 1 km E Biological Station El Cuyo (21 º 30 ’ 35 ” N, 87 º 40 ’ 43 ” W), mangrove, 8 - VII- 1996, Malaise trap, HH, PMS, RPR, cols. ALLOTYPE female. Labeled: MEXICO, Yucatan, Reserve Ria Celestun, coastal dune (20 º 54 ’ 46 ” N, 90 º 22 ’ 49 ” W), 14 - 19 - VII- 1998, NTP trap, CNC, RPR, cols.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD6FA415588D3B5FA82FC00.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head: Eyes with interfacet pubescence; narrowly separated medially by 4 – 5 facet diameters. Antennae brown with 7 flagellomeres, with abundant sensillae; distal flagellomere club-shaped, length 0.06 mm; flagellomeres 1 – 7 length 0.18 mm. Maxillary palpus brown, length 0.083 mm. Thorax: brown, scutum covered with sparsely short setae; supra-alar setae 10; anterior spiracular sclerite with 26 setae; anepisternum with 16 setae. Legs brownish; all femora and front and mid tibiae uniformly brown; hindtibia with basal brown band until midlength, the rest pale brown; all tarsi pale brown and claws strongly curved; empodia present. Wing length 0.97 mm, width 0.46 mm; membrane densely micropilose on whole surface (Fig. 13). Veins R 1 and R 4 + 5 with irregularly arranged rows of short setae on dorsal surface (Fig. 14); fork of M typical of the genus; CuA 1 and CuA 2 not reaching wing margin, CuA 2 curved; false vein present. Halter brown, with two setae on stem. Abdomen: tergite and sternite 6 unmodified; tergite 6 length 0.20 mm, width 0.26 mm; tergite 7 length 0.11 mm, width 0.15 mm (Figs. 15 – 16), concave bearing a large median distally pointed spine-like process, and with a shorter upper process with sclerotized tip slightly expanded and truncate; sternite 7 length 0.15 mm; width 0.24 mm, anterior margin heavily sclerotized with shallow caudomedian excavation; a pair of spiracles on lateral lobes; coloration pattern and setae as figured. Intersegmental membrane with lateral groups of not specialized setae, and small horny projections in the middle; aedeagal plate spatulate, longer that wide, apically rounded; aedeagal-parameral complex with setose lateral arms anterolaterally directed; distinctive median process acute and convergent (Figs. 17) (penis valve of Cook, 1956 a); lateral lobes setose, slightly developed (gonocoxite of Cook, 1956 a); distal portion arquate, pointed apically. Female. Similar to male, but with the usual gender differences. Antennae brown with 7 flagellomeres, covered with abundant sensillae; distal flagellomere club-shaped; flagellomeres 1 – 7 length 0.13 mm. Maxillary palpus brown, length 0.10 mm. Wing length 0.97 mm; width 0.45 mm; membrane densely micropilose on entire surface. Veins R 1 and R 4 + 5 with irregularly arranged rows of short setae on dorsal surface. Tergite 8 band-shaped with the pair of spiracles; sternite 8 divided in two lateral lobes; sternite 9 apically rounded and situated between the lobes of sternite 8; genital fork triangular shaped; cerci small; spermatheca spherical, length 0.07 mm.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD6FA415588D3B5FA82FC00.taxon	discussion	Comments. This Mexican new species closely resembles Swammerdamella obtusa Cook and S. pusilla (Walker) by the segment 7 of male. The Mexican species has the tergite 7 concave, bearing a shorter upper process with sclerotized tip slightly expanded and distally truncate; sternite 7 has anterior margin heavily sclerotized with a shallow caudomedian excavation and a pair of spiracles located laterally to lobes; in other species these characteristics are different. Another difference is that S. obtusa Cook and S. pusilla (Walker) have a modified tergite 6, while in S. grogani sp. nov. is simple. Other similar Neotropical species is S. glochis Cook, with a pair of spiracles located laterally on sternite 7, but without lateral lobes. Swammerdamella approximata Edwards (1924) has the tarsi white, except for the last one or two blackish tarsomeres, while S. grogani sp. nov. present a different pattern. The male terminalia are similar to other species, but some differences can be seen in the gonocoxite and the aedeagal plate. As pointed out by Cook (1956 a: 17), the male terminalia are small, and homologies are quite obscure. Maes (1993) referred an unidentified species of Swammerdamella Enderlein from Nicaragua.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD6FA415588D3B5FA82FC00.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Yucatan).	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
600787E0FFD6FA415588D3B5FA82FC00.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named in honor of Dr. William L. Grogan Jr., Salisbury State University, Maryland (USA), for his important contribution to the world knowledge of the family Ceratopogonidae.	en	Huerta, Herón, Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio (2008): New records of Scatopsidae (Diptera) from southeastern Mexico, and descriptions of new species of Swammerdamella Enderlein and Colobostema Enderlein. Zootaxa 1720: 57-65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181111
