identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
564D87BDFF8A5E5CFC2EFB78FAECBAB6.text	564D87BDFF8A5E5CFC2EFB78FAECBAB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Atractosteus spatula (Lacepede 1803)	<div><p>Atractosteus spatula (Lacepède)</p> <p>(Fig. 2, NA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Kwik et al., 2013; Yeo, 2013.</p> <p>Distribution. Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Yishun Pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Bishan Park (Yeo, 2013); Marina Reservoir (Anonymous, pers. comm., 2014).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8A5E5CFC2EFB78FAECBAB6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8A5E5CFC39F925FB9FB453.text	564D87BDFF8A5E5CFC39F925FB9FB453.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lepisosteus oculatus Winchell 1864	<div><p>Lepisosteus oculatus Winchell</p> <p>(Fig. 3, NA)</p> <p>Potamotrygon motoro (Müller &amp; Henle)</p> <p>(Fig. 1, SA[SPC])</p> <p>Fig. 3. Lepisosteus oculatus, 119.9 mm SL, trade material.</p> <p>References. Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng et al., 2009; Chua G, 2010; Ng et al., 2009; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; References. Lim, 2013a; Yeo, 2013. Chua, 2015; Lai, 2015; Tan &amp; Zeng, 2015; Ho et al., 2016; Tan &amp; Tan, 2018. Distribution. Singapore Botanic Gardens (Lim, 2013a);</p> <p>Bishan Park (Yeo, 2013).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8A5E5CFC39F925FB9FB453	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8A5E5CFED0F8D8FB0EB81B.text	564D87BDFF8A5E5CFED0F8D8FB0EB81B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Potamotrygonidae Garman 1877	<div><p>Family Potamotrygonidae</p> <p>Distribution. Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng et al., 2009; Chua G, 2010; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Ho et al., 2016); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Lai, 2015; Ho et al., 2016); Banir stream [direct link to Lower Seletar Reservoir] (Tan &amp; Zeng, 2015); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ho et al., 2016).</p> <p>Remarks. Recent observations indicate a breeding population at Lower Peirce Reservoir, where up to six juveniles were sighted at night in shallow water adjacent to a boardwalk (Zhou H, pers. obs., August 2016). This stingray’s diet includes fishes and aquatic macroinvertebrates, including freshwater gastropods, crustaceans, and insect larvae (Tan &amp; Tan, 2018; Kwik et al., in prep.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8A5E5CFED0F8D8FB0EB81B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8E5E58FEDDFC8CFE67BA56.text	564D87BDFF8E5E58FEDDFC8CFE67BA56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arapaima gigas (Schinz 1822)	<div><p>Arapaima gigas (Schinz)</p> <p>(Fig. 4, SA)</p> <p>References. fishing_vimal, 2017.</p> <p>Distribution. Marina Reservoir (fishing_vimal, 2017).</p> <p>Remarks. Sightings of Arapaima gigas (Arapaimidae) have been listed in forums (e.g., http://forum.fishingkaki.com/ discussion/229269/arapaima-in-singapore); however, these were never substantiated with photographs or locations until recently from Marina Reservoir near the steps along Boat Quay (fishing_vimal, 2017). This species is available in the ornamental fish trade, although in limited quantity. This species grows to be one of the largest freshwater fish (Luna, 2020), and it is unsurprising that larger individuals are discarded or released into artificial water bodies when they out-grow their tanks.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8E5E58FEDDFC8CFE67BA56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8E5E58FEAAF905FAEEB80F.text	564D87BDFF8E5E58FEAAF905FAEEB80F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chitala ornata (Gray 1831)	<div><p>Chitala ornata (Gray)</p> <p>(Fig. 5, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kranji Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); MacRitchie Reservoir (unpublished data); Punggol Reservoir (unpublished data).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8E5E58FEAAF905FAEEB80F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8E5E58FC39FBECFBB9BB16.text	564D87BDFF8E5E58FC39FBECFBB9BB16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Notopterus notopterus (Pallas)	<div><p>Notopterus notopterus (Pallas)</p> <p>(Fig. 6, SEA, SAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Baker, 2013c; Tan et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Murai Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Poyan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Tengeh Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kranji Marsh (Baker, 2013c; Tan et al., 2016); Upper Seletar Reservoir spill gate (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2014); Pandan reservoir (unpublished data).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8E5E58FC39FBECFBB9BB16	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8E5E5BFC5BF845FF04BE0B.text	564D87BDFF8E5E5BFC5BF845FF04BE0B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Osteoglossum bicirrhosum (Cuvier 1829)	<div><p>Osteoglossum bicirrhosum (Cuvier)</p> <p>(Fig. 7, SA)</p> <p>References. Anonymous, 1988a; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Catchment Nature Reserve stream (Tan, 2014c; Ho et al.,</p> <p>2016); Banir (Tan, 2015c); Jurong Lake (unpublished data); Lower Peirce reservoir (unpublished data); Bedok reservoir</p> <p>(unpublished data). Fig. 7. Osteoglossum bicirrhosum, 215 mm SL, trade material.</p> <p>Distribution. Singapore Botanic Gardens (Anonymous, 1988a); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Tan HH, pers. obs., mid- 2000s).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8E5E5BFC5BF845FF04BE0B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8D5E5BFF21FDE9FC3BBEDB.text	564D87BDFF8D5E5BFF21FDE9FC3BBEDB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scleropages formosus (Muller & Schlegel 1840)	<div><p>Scleropages formosus (Müller &amp; Schlegel)</p> <p>(Fig. 8, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Green, 1928; Anonymous, 1988a, 1989a; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; National Parks Board, 2003; Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Baker, 2013b; Kwik et al., 2013; Baker, 2014; Tan, 2014b, 2014c, 2015c, 2016a; Ho et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Lim &amp; Ng (1990) listed this species from the Central Catchment reservoirs; Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Baker, 2013b); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Anonymous, 1988a); East Coast Park (Anonymous, 1988a); Woodlands Town Garden (Anonymous, 1989a); MacRitchie Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan, 2016a); Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003; Baker, 2014); Pangsua Pond (Kwik et al., 2013; Tan, 2014b); Central Remarks. This species is protected under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Appendix I and breeding populations are established in the Central Catchment Nature Reserve reservoirs in Singapore (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010). One of the documented sources is from then-PPD (Primary Productions Department; presently divided into National Parks Board and Singapore Food Agency) (see Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010, for a more detailed account). The Singapore variants are of questionable sources, and probably the consequence of artificial crosses between recognised colour variants (Andy Yap, pers. comm.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8D5E5BFF21FDE9FC3BBEDB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8D5E5BFC4CFD38FB49B8E9.text	564D87BDFF8D5E5BFC4CFD38FB49B8E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scleropages jardini (Saville-Kent 1892)	<div><p>Scleropages jardini (Saville-Kent)</p> <p>(Fig. 9, AU)</p> <p>References. None. This is a new record for Singapore.</p> <p>Distribution. Singapore Botanic Gardens, Swan Lake (Lim KKP, pers. obs., October 2010).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8D5E5BFC4CFD38FB49B8E9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8D5E5AFCB1FA4BFE85BD1B.text	564D87BDFF8D5E5AFCB1FA4BFE85BD1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amblypharyngodon chulabhornae Vidthayanon & Kottelat 1990	<div><p>Amblypharyngodon chulabhornae Vidthayanon &amp; Kottelat</p> <p>(Fig. 10, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Baker &amp; Lim, 2012; Lim &amp; Tan, 2012; Lim et al., 2013; Tan et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Choa Chu Kang pond (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a; Lim &amp; Tan, 2012); Kranji Marsh (Lim &amp; Tan, 2012; Lim et al., 2013; Tan et al., 2016).</p> <p>Remarks. Both juveniles and adults have been obtained from Kranji Marsh, suggesting an established breeding population there.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8D5E5AFCB1FA4BFE85BD1B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8C5E5AFEFDFEF8FE57B864.text	564D87BDFF8C5E5AFEFDFEF8FE57B864.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Barbodes rhombeus (Kottelat 2000)	<div><p>Barbodes rhombeus (Kottelat)</p> <p>(Fig. 11, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Subaraj et al., 1995 (as Puntius binotatus); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Puntius binotatus); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Puntius binotatus); Tan et al., 2013 (as Systomus rhombeus); Tan &amp; Low, 2014; Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015 (as Puntius binotatus); Ho et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Mandai area (Subaraj et al., 1995; Tan &amp; Low, 2014); Andrew Road drain (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013); Venus Drive (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2010); Pandan river (Tan HH, pers. obs., March 2014); outskirts of Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Ho et al., 2016); Tengah area (Cai YX, pers. obs., 11 January 2017); Bishan Park (unpublished data).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8C5E5AFEFDFEF8FE57B864	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8C5E5AFF53FB54FB48BF5B.text	564D87BDFF8C5E5AFF53FB54FB48BF5B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Barbodes semifasciolatus (Gunther 1868)	<div><p>Barbodes semifasciolatus (Günther) [Extirpated]</p> <p>(Fig. 12, SEA, EAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. de Beaufort, 1933 (as Puntius sachsi); Tweedie, 1936 (as Puntius sachsi); Fowler, 1938 (as Barbus sachsii); Johnson, 1964 (as Puntius semifasciolatus); Alfred, 1966a (as Puntius semifasciolatus, as early as 1912); Johnson, 1973a (as Puntius semifasciolatus); Anonymous, 1988a (as Capoeta semifasciolatus); Lim, 1989 (as Puntius semifasciolatus); Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Puntius semifasciolatus, as early as 1900s); Munro, 1990 (as Puntius semifasciolatus); Ng et al., 1993 (as Puntius semifasciolatus); Lever, 1996 (as Barbus semifasciolatus); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Puntius semifasciolatus); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Puntius semifasciolatus); Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012 (as Puntius semifasciolatus); Tan HH et al., 2010 (as Puntius semifasciolatus).</p> <p>Distribution. Probably extirpated in Singapore as there have been no recent records; previously recorded from Serangoon area (de Beaufort, 1933; Tweedie, 1936; Alfred, 1966a; Munro, 1990); Bukit Timah area (Alfred, 1966a; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); MacRitchie Reservoir (Alfred, 1966a; Anonymous, 1988a); Kallang River (Alfred, 1966a; Tan HH et al., 2010); Sungei Seletar (Alfred, 1966a); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b); Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Sime Road forest (Lim, 1989; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b).</p> <p>Remarks. This species was an accidental introduction with imported fish fry from China (Johnson, 1964), possibly as early as 1912 (Alfred, 1966a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8C5E5AFF53FB54FB48BF5B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8C5E5AFC3EFCB8FA5CB9EF.text	564D87BDFF8C5E5AFC3EFCB8FA5CB9EF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Barbonymus altus (Gunther 1868)	<div><p>Barbonymus altus (Günther)</p> <p>(Fig. 13, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Barbodes altus); Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8C5E5AFC3EFCB8FA5CB9EF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF8C5E55FC23F9CCFDF5BE1B.text	564D87BDFF8C5E55FC23F9CCFDF5BE1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Barbonymus gonionotus (Bleeker 1849)	<div><p>Barbonymus gonionotus (Bleeker)</p> <p>(Fig. 14, SEA)</p> <p>References. Alfred, 1966a (as Puntius gonionotus); Anonymous, 1989a (as Puntius gonionotus); Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Barbodes gonionotus); Ng et al., 1993 (as Barbodes gonionotus); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Barbodes gonionotus); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Barbodes gonionotus).</p> <p>Distribution. Woodlands Town Garden (Anonymous, 1989a).</p> <p>Remarks. This species was introduced as a food fish during the Japanese Occupation of Singapore (1942–1945) (Alfred, 1966a; Mohsin &amp; Ambak, 1983; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a), but failed to gain popularity. There have not been any recent records (i.e., post-1990).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF8C5E55FC23F9CCFDF5BE1B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF835E55FF03FDF8FA89BDDB.text	564D87BDFF835E55FF03FDF8FA89BDDB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Barbonymus schwanefeldii (Bleeker 1854)	<div><p>Barbonymus schwanefeldii (Bleeker)</p> <p>(Fig. 15, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>Distribution. Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kallang River (now part of Marina Reservoir; Tan HH et al., 2010).</p> <p>Remarks. This species was most probably introduced from Java for aquaculture (Mohsin &amp; Ambak, 1983). Present records are mainly from escapees or releases, as this species is a very popular ornamental fish and frequently used as feeder fish (Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF835E55FF03FDF8FA89BDDB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF835E55FEEBF9C6FC1FB935.text	564D87BDFF835E55FEEBF9C6FC1FB935.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Carassius auratus (Linnaeus)</p> <p>(Fig. 16, EAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HH et al., 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Not known.</p> <p>Remarks. Herre &amp; Myers’ (1937) record was an escapee from cultivation, and this may not have established in Singapore. Tham (1973) commented that this is a rarely used fish for aquaculture, with fry imported from China. Presently, the juveniles of this fish are used quite extensively as feed for predatory fish in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF835E55FEEBF9C6FC1FB935	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF835E55FCB5FE38FE5BB9D5.text	564D87BDFF835E55FCB5FE38FE5BB9D5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cirrhinus molitorella (Valenciennes 1844)	<div><p>Cirrhinus molitorella (Valenciennes, in Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes)</p> <p>(Fig. 17, SEA)</p> <p>References. Herre &amp; Myers, 1937; Le Mare, 1949 (as Cirrhina molitorella); Tham, 1973 (as Cirrhina molitorella); Munro, 1990; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b.</p> <p>References. Alfred, 1966a (as Puntius schwanenfeldii, first recorded in 1937); Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Jurong area (Alfred, 1966a); MacRitchie Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Marina Reservoir (unpublished data); Jurong Lake (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. Recorded as extinct in Singapore (Alfred, 1966a); recent records probably represent non-native introductions (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF835E55FCB5FE38FE5BB9D5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF835E55FCA4FAA7FAF8BBBD.text	564D87BDFF835E55FCA4FAA7FAF8BBBD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Crossocheilus oblongus Kuhl & van Hasselt	<div><p>Crossocheilus oblongus Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt, in van Hasselt</p> <p>(Fig. 18, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. None. This is a new record for Singapore.</p> <p>Distribution. Punggol Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. This is probably a discarded pet, as this species is actively promoted in the ornamental fish trade as an algae eater and for algae control (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF835E55FCA4FAA7FAF8BBBD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF825E54FF78FF79FF0BB86E.text	564D87BDFF825E54FF78FF79FF0BB86E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes 1844)	<div><p>Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, in Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes)</p> <p>(Fig. 19, EAs)</p> <p>References. Herre &amp; Myers, 1937; Le Mare, 1949 (as C t e n o p h a r y n g o d o n i d e l l u s); Tham, 1973 (as Ctenopharyngodon idellus); Mohsin &amp; Ambak, 1983; Yang, 1984; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Public Utilities Board, 1991; Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b.</p> <p>Distribution. Upper Seletar Reservoir (previously known as Seletar Reservoir; Yang, 1984).</p> <p>Remarks. Herre &amp; Myers’ (1937) record came from an experimental fish pond, and this may not have established in Singapore. Tham (1973) commented that it was the most popular fish cultured in fish ponds and the fry were imported from China. This species was reared in experimental floating cages in reservoirs as early as 1972, and subsequently used primarily for control of submerged macrophytes (Yang, 1984).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF825E54FF78FF79FF0BB86E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF825E54FED4FB4DFB52BD9B.text	564D87BDFF825E54FED4FB4DFB52BD9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758	<div><p>Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus</p> <p>(Fig. 20, EAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. Herre &amp; Myers, 1937; Le Mare, 1949; Tham, 1973; Mohsin &amp; Ambak, 1983; Yang, 1984; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; National Parks Board, 2003; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010; Yeo &amp; Chia, 2010; Davison et al., 2012 (as carp); Kwik et al., 2013; Tan, 2016b; Tan HH et al., 2017b.</p> <p>Distribution. Upper Seletar Reservoir (previously known as Seletar Reservoir; Yang, 1984); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003); Catchment Pond (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2000s); Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kent Ridge Park pond (Tan HTW et al., 2010; Tan, 2016b); Pangsua pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2015); Singapore Quarry (Tan HH et al., 2017b); Bishan Park (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. Herre &amp; Myers’ (1937) record came from an experimental fish pond, and this species may not have established in Singapore then and presently (Lim &amp; Ng, 1990). Tham (1973) commented that this was a popular cultured fish, which was bred locally. Many of the recent records refer to the colourful variants, indicative of discarded pets or mercy/religious release.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF825E54FED4FB4DFB52BD9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF825E54FC0DFE78FBBABFFD.text	564D87BDFF825E54FC0DFE78FBBABFFD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Danio albolineatus (Blyth 1860)	<div><p>Danio albolineatus (Blyth)</p> <p>(Fig. 21, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Lim &amp; Tan, 2011; Baker &amp; Lim, 2012; Tan et al., 2013; Tan &amp; Low, 2014.</p> <p>Distribution. Mandai area (Lim &amp; Tan, 2011; Tan &amp; Low, 2014); Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013); Bukit Timah area (Tan HH, pers. obs., February 2015); Tengah area (Cai YX, pers. obs., 11 January 2017).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF825E54FC0DFE78FBBABFFD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF825E54FC3CFBDEFC15BA6C.text	564D87BDFF825E54FC3CFBDEFC15BA6C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Danio albolineatus (Blyth 1860)	<div><p>Danio albolineatus × D. rerio</p> <p>(Fig. 22 [SPC])</p> <p>References. Tan et al., 2013.</p> <p>Distribution. Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013).</p> <p>Remarks. The presence of this hybrid was reported by Tan et al. (2013).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF825E54FC3CFBDEFC15BA6C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF825E54FC1FF94FFAFCB443.text	564D87BDFF825E54FC1FF94FFAFCB443.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Danio rerio (Hamilton 1822)	<div><p>Danio rerio (Hamilton)</p> <p>(Fig. 23, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Tan et al., 2013.</p> <p>Distribution. Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF825E54FC1FF94FFAFCB443	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF815E57FED9FF78FAE9BCFB.text	564D87BDFF815E57FED9FF78FAE9BCFB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Danio rerio (Hamilton 1822)	<div><p>Danio rerio ‘frankei’</p> <p>(Fig. 24 [SPC])</p> <p>Remarks. This species is occasionally sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF815E57FED9FF78FAE9BCFB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF815E57FF70FD14FE85B92E.text	564D87BDFF815E57FF70FD14FE85B92E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dawkinsia filamentosa (Valenciennes 1844)	<div><p>Dawkinsia filamentosa (Valenciennes, in Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes)</p> <p>(Fig. 25, SAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. Herre &amp; Myers, 1937; Alfred, 1966a; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010; Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010).</p> <p>References. Kwik, 2013; Kwik et al., 2013.</p> <p>Distribution. Woodlands Town Park pond (Kwik, 2013; Kwik et al., 2013).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF815E57FF70FD14FE85B92E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF815E57FECEFA8CFA4DB88F.text	564D87BDFF815E57FECEFA8CFA4DB88F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Esomus metallicus Ahl 1923	<div><p>Esomus metallicus Ahl</p> <p>(Fig. 26, SEA)</p> <p>Remarks. Alfred (1966a) considered this species extinct in Singapore. Recent populations are probably intentional releases or from Johor, Peninsular Malaysia, via raw water transfer (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF815E57FECEFA8CFA4DB88F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF815E57FCA2FED8FDA2BEA7.text	564D87BDFF815E57FCA2FED8FDA2BEA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hampala macrolepidota Kuhl & van Hasselt	<div><p>Hampala macrolepidota Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt, in van Hasselt</p> <p>(Fig. 27, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Tan et al., 2013.</p> <p>Distribution. Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF815E57FCA2FED8FDA2BEA7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF815E57FCD6FB6DFE69B45F.text	564D87BDFF815E57FCD6FB6DFE69B45F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes 1844)	<div><p>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes, in Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes)</p> <p>(EAs)</p> <p>References. Le Mare, 1949; Tham, 1973; Mohsin &amp; Ambak, 1983; Yang, 1984; Munro, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b.</p> <p>Distribution. Upper Seletar Reservoir (previously known as Seletar Reservoir; Yang, 1984).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is cultivated in ponds for food, and the fry stock is imported from China (Le Mare, 1949; Tham, 1973; Munro, 1990; Ng et al., 1993). This species was reared in experimental floating cages in reservoirs as early as 1972 (Yang, 1984).</p> <p>References. Anonymous, 1988a; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012.</p> <p>Distribution. Sungei Sembawang — Senoko (Anonymous, 1988a; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Mandai Road area (Anonymous, 1998a; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Tan HH, pers. obs., early 1990s).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF815E57FCD6FB6DFE69B45F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF815E56FC60F90DFCC2BF17.text	564D87BDFF815E56FC60F90DFCC2BF17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (Richardson 1845)	<div><p>Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (Richardson)</p> <p>(Fig. 28, EAs)</p> <p>References. Le Mare, 1949 (as Aristichthys nobilis); Tham, 1973 (as Aristichthys nobilis); Mohsin &amp; Ambak, 1983 (as Aristichthys nobilis); Yang, 1984 (as Aristichthys nobilis); Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Public Utilities Board, 1991; Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Pandan Reservoir (Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Yang, 1984; Lim Distribution. Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kent Ridge Park pond (Tan, 2016b); Punggol Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>&amp; Ng, 1990; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kranji Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Jurong Lake (Lim KKP, pers. obs., 2011).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is popular as food fish and fry were imported from China (Le Mare, 1949; Tham, 1973). This species was used extensively by the Public Utilities Board (PUB) to control plankton levels in reservoirs as early as 1972 (Yang, 1984; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); however, this species is not known to breed in the tropics and all stock for aquaculture is imported (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF815E56FC60F90DFCC2BF17	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF805E56FEDDFC85FD0DB9DA.text	564D87BDFF805E56FEDDFC85FD0DB9DA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822)	<div><p>Labeo rohita (Hamilton)</p> <p>(Fig. 29, SAs)</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. MacRitchie Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p> <p>Remarks. This fish species is sometimes sold in wet markets and supermarkets in Singapore (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF805E56FEDDFC85FD0DB9DA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF805E56FEECFA39FC2BBDB8.text	564D87BDFF805E56FEECFA39FC2BBDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptobarbus rubripinna (Fowler 1937)	<div><p>Leptobarbus rubripinna (Fowler)</p> <p>(Fig. 30, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as L. hoeveni); Ng et al., 1993 (as L. hoeveni); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as L. hoeveni); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as L. hoeveni); Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan, 2016b.</p> <p>Remarks. This species is not established in Singapore as no breeding populations are known (Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF805E56FEECFA39FC2BBDB8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF805E56FC49FE18FB35BBD0.text	564D87BDFF805E56FC49FE18FB35BBD0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Metzia lineata (Pellegrin 1907)	<div><p>Metzia lineata (Pellegrin) [Extirpated]</p> <p>(Fig. 31. EAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. Regan, 1913 (described as Rasborichthys altior); Weber &amp; de Beaufort, 1916 (as Rasborichthys altior); Tweedie, 1936 (as Rasborichthys altior); Herre &amp; Myers, 1937 (as Rasborichthys altior); Blythe, 1951 (as Rasborichthys altior); Johnson, 1964 (as Rasborichthys altior); Alfred, 1966a (as Rasborichthys altior); Bănărescu, 1971 (as Rasborinus lineatus); Johnson, 1973a (as Rasborichthys altior); Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Rasborinus lineatus, as early as late 1800s or early 1900s); Munro, 1990 (as Rasborinus lineatus); Ng et al., 1993 (as Rasborinus lineatus takakii); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Rasborinus lineatus takakii); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Rasborinus lineatus); Tan HH et al., 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010 (as Rasborinus lineatus takakii); Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012.</p> <p>Distribution. Probably extirpated in Singapore as there have been no recent records (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b); previously recorded from Singapore Botanic Gardens (Tweedie, 1936; Alfred, 1966a); Serangoon area (Tweedie, 1936; Alfred, 1966a); Mandai Road area (Herre &amp; Myers, 1937); MacRitchie Reservoir (Alfred, 1966a); Sungei Seletar (Alfred, 1966a); Sungei Whampoe (Alfred, 1966a); Kallang River (Alfred, 1966a; Tan HTW et al., 2010); Bukit Timah campus (Alfred ER, pers. comm., 2007); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a).</p> <p>Remarks. Regan (1913) described this fish species on the presumption that it was endemic to Singapore. Weber &amp; de Beaufort (1916) followed suit in regarding the species as native and endemic, as did subsequent workers (Tweedie, 1936; Herre &amp; Myers, 1937; Alfred, 1966a; Johnson, 1973a). The taxonomy was only resolved by Bănărescu in 1971, and its endemic/native status debunked. This species is now understood to be an accidental import, along with fingerlings of food fish species, imported from Hong Kong and southern China (Lim &amp; Ng, 1990).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF805E56FC49FE18FB35BBD0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF875E51FF03FF78FC6CBD1B.text	564D87BDFF875E51FF03FF78FC6CBD1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Morulius chrysophekadion (Bleeker 1849)	<div><p>Morulius chrysophekadion (Bleeker)</p> <p>(Fig. 32, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>Remarks. This species could not be identified to species level as the taxonomic status is complicated and remains unresolved.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF875E51FF03FF78FC6CBD1B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF875E51FF34FCC1FEA0B9EA.text	564D87BDFF875E51FF34FCC1FEA0B9EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mylopharyngodon piceus (Richardson 1846)	<div><p>Mylopharyngodon piceus (Richardson)</p> <p>(Fig. 33, EAs)</p> <p>References. Herre &amp; Myers, 1937 (as Mylopharyngodon aethiops).</p> <p>Distribution. Not known.</p> <p>Remarks. Herre &amp; Myers’ (1937) record came from an experimental fish pond, and this species may not have established in Singapore. Presently, this species can be occasionally found in ponds stocked for angling purposes (Yeo DCJ, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF875E51FF34FCC1FEA0B9EA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF875E51FCBFFEF8FD6BBED2.text	564D87BDFF875E51FCBFFEF8FD6BBED2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Osteochilus vittatus (Valenciennes 1842)	<div><p>Osteochilus vittatus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes)</p> <p>(Fig. 35, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. None. This is a new record for Singapore.</p> <p>Distribution. Punggol Reservoir (unpublished data).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF875E51FCBFFEF8FD6BBED2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF875E51FC20FACDFA69BBAE.text	564D87BDFF875E51FC20FACDFA69BBAE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pethia conchonius (Hamilton 1822)	<div><p>Pethia conchonius (Hamilton)</p> <p>(Fig. 36, SAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. Anonymous, 1990; Ng et al., 1993 (as Puntius conchonius); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Puntius conchonius); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Puntius conchonius).</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. MacRitchie Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p> <p>Distribution. Reported as an escapee in Sime Road forest (Anonymous, 1990) in Central Catchment Nature Reserve; this species is not an established species (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF875E51FC20FACDFA69BBAE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF865E50FEE4FF78FD42B962.text	564D87BDFF865E50FEE4FF78FD42B962.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puntigrus partipentazona (Fowler 1934)	<div><p>Puntigrus partipentazona (Fowler)</p> <p>(Fig. 37, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Boeseman, 1957 (as Puntius partipentazona); Anonymous, 1990 (as Puntius partipentazona); Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Puntius partipentazona); Munro, 1990 (as Puntius partipentazona); Ng, 1991 (as Puntius partipentazona); Ng et al., 1993 (as Puntius partipentazona); Lim, 1995 (as Puntius partipentazona); Lim et al., 1995 (as Puntius partipentazona); Subaraj et al., 1995 (as Puntius partipentazona); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Puntius partipentazona); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Puntius partipentazona); Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012 (as Systomus partipentazona).</p> <p>Distribution. MacRitchie Reservoir (Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b); Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Munro, 1990); MacRitchie Reservoir (Subaraj et al., 1995); Sime Road forest (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b); Bukit Timah Nature Reserve — eastern boundary, Catchment Pond (Lim, 1995; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Munro, 1990); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Anonymous, 1990; Lim et al., 1995; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b); Sungei Seletar (Banir confluence; Tan HH, pers. obs?, March 2017).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is occasionally sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF865E50FEE4FF78FD42B962	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF865E50FEC1FA51FC17B8BB.text	564D87BDFF865E50FEC1FA51FC17B8BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puntigrus tetrazona (Bleeker 1855)	<div><p>Puntigrus tetrazona (Bleeker)</p> <p>(Fig. 38, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>tetrazona); Lim et al., 1995 (as Puntius tetrazona); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b (as Puntius tetrazona); National Parks Board, 2003 (as Systomus tetrazona); Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012 (as Systomus tetrazona); Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010 (as Puntius tetrazona); Ho et al., 2016; Li et al., 2016; Lim et al., 2016; Tan, 2016b.</p> <p>Distribution. Herre &amp; Myers (1937) obtained a single specimen from Singapore and commented that it had an aberrant barring pattern, but provided no location details; Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Anonymous, 1988a; Munro, 1990; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a; Ho et al., 2016; Li et al., 2016); Bukit Timah — Catchment Pond (Anonymous, 1988a); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Munro, 1990; Lim et al., 1995; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Seletar Reservoir Park (Munro, 1990); Seletar area (Ng et al., 1993); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); MacRitchie Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Murai Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Tekong Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Lim et al., 2016); Tengah Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kent Ridge Park ponds (Tan, 2016b).</p> <p>Remarks. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH (2010) only recorded this species as they listed species located from reservoirs. This species can be distinguished from its congener (P. partipentazona) that is also present and non-native to Singapore, on basis of the width of black bars (vs. slimmer), depth of body (vs. less deep), and larger overall adult size (vs. smaller).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF865E50FEC1FA51FC17B8BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF865E50FC05FB18FCC3B43D.text	564D87BDFF865E50FC05FB18FCC3B43D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puntius sophore (Hamilton 1822)	<div><p>Puntius sophore (Hamilton)</p> <p>(Fig. 39, SAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. Lim &amp; Tan, 2011; Baker &amp; Lim, 2012; Lim et al., 2013; Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015; Tan et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Sungei Seletar (Lim &amp; Tan, 2011); Kranji Marsh (Lim &amp; Tan, 2011; Tan et al., 2016); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Lim &amp; Tan, 2011; Lim et al., 2013).</p> <p>References. Herre &amp; Myers, 1937 (as Puntius tetrazona); Anonymous, 1988a (as Capoeta tetrazona); Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Puntius tetrazona); Munro, 1990 (as Barbus tetrazona and Puntius tetrazona); Ng et al., 1993 (as Puntius</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF865E50FC05FB18FCC3B43D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF865E53FC04F88CFDB4B8E1.text	564D87BDFF865E53FC04F88CFDB4B8E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rasbora borapetensis Smith 1934	<div><p>Rasbora borapetensis Smith</p> <p>(Fig. 40, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Anonymous, 1988a, 1988b, 1990; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Ng, 1991; Lim &amp; Ng, 1992; Ng et al., 1993; Subaraj et al., 1995; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010; Lim et al., 2013; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013; Tan HH</p> <p>et al., 2015; Li et al., 2016; Tan, 2016a, 2016b; Ho et al., 2016; Li et al., 2016; Tan et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Singapore Botanic Gardens (Anonymous, 1988a; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a; Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010); Bukit Timah — Institute of Education pond (Anonymous, 1988b); MacRitchie Reservoir (Subaraj et al., 1995); Sungei Sembawang — Senoko (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Choa Chu Kang (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Cluny Road drain (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Mandai Road area (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Upper Seletar Reservoir streams (Anonymous, 1988a, 1990; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); MacRitchie Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan, 2016a); Kranji Marsh (Lim et al., 2013; Tan et al., 2016); Punggol Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013); Pasir Panjang canal (Tan HH et al., 2015); Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Lim &amp; Ng, 1992; Ho et al., 2016; Li et al., 2016); Kent Ridge Park ponds (Tan, 2016b); Yew Tee canal (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2016); Marina South (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2016); Bishan Park (Liew JH, pers. obs., 2016); Sungei Seletar (Banir confluence; Tan HH, pers. obs., March 2017).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is occasionally sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF865E53FC04F88CFDB4B8E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF855E53FEF5FAD2FECEBB6E.text	564D87BDFF855E53FEF5FAD2FECEBB6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rasbora notura Kottelat 2005	<div><p>Rasbora cf. notura Kottelat</p> <p>(Fig. 41, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Kwik, 2014; Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015.</p> <p>Distribution. Banir (Kwik, 2014; Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015).</p> <p>Remarks. Originally thought to be a non-native species, it could potentially represent a new taxon or hybrid (Tan HH, in prep.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF855E53FEF5FAD2FECEBB6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF855E53FC56FF79FA69BF57.text	564D87BDFF855E53FC56FF79FA69BF57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rasbora trilineata Steindachner 1870	<div><p>Rasbora trilineata Steindachner</p> <p>(Fig. 42, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Lim &amp; Tan, 2011; Baker &amp; Lim, 2012; Tan &amp; Zeng, 2014.</p> <p>Distribution. Old Mandai Road area (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Bukit Timah Nature Reserve — Catchment Pond (Lim &amp; Tan, 2011; Tan &amp; Zeng, 2014).</p> <p>Remarks. This species appears to be established at one location although many individuals from this population appear to be inbred and deformed (see Tan &amp; Zeng, 2014).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF855E53FC56FF79FA69BF57	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF855E53FCD6FC44FA69B93B.text	564D87BDFF855E53FCD6FC44FA69B93B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tor tambra (Valenciennes 1842)	<div><p>Tor tambra (Valenciennes, in Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes)</p> <p>(Fig. 43, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF855E53FCD6FC44FA69B93B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF855E53FC3FFA9BFC65B42B.text	564D87BDFF855E53FC3FFA9BFC65B42B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tor tambroides (Bleeker 1854)	<div><p>Tor tambroides (Bleeker)</p> <p>(Fig. 44, SEA)</p> <p>References. Herre &amp; Myers, 1937; Alfred, 1966a.</p> <p>Distribution. Not known.</p> <p>Remarks. Herre &amp; Myers’ (1937) record came from an unnamed stream in Singapore, and no further details were available. No records of this taxon recently. Species from the genus Tor are unlikely to be native to Singapore, due to lack of suitable habitat. Tor species are found typically in large river habitats, which geologically never existed in Singapore.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF855E53FC3FFA9BFC65B42B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF845E52FF12F9F8FA4DBD5B.text	564D87BDFF845E52FF12F9F8FA4DBD5B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chromobotia macracanthus (Bleeker 1852)	<div><p>Chromobotia macracanthus (Bleeker)</p> <p>(Fig. 47, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Kranji Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p> <p>Remarks. This record is probably an escapee, as this species is very popular in the ornamental fish trade, being seasonally available after monsoon season (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF845E52FF12F9F8FA4DBD5B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF845E52FC26FE78FA89B93C.text	564D87BDFF845E52FC26FE78FA89B93C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gyrinocheilus aymonieri (Tirant 1883)	<div><p>Gyrinocheilus aymonieri (Tirant)</p> <p>(Fig. 48A, B, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. None. This is a new record for Singapore.</p> <p>Distribution. Bedok Reservoir (Anonymous, pers. comm., 2015).</p> <p>Remarks. This is probably a discarded pet, as the specimen obtained was a xanthic variant with a bright yellow orange body but with normal pigmented eyes. A normal coloured individual is illustrated in Fig. 48 for reference.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF845E52FC26FE78FA89B93C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF845E52FEEFFF79FD9ABF3A.text	564D87BDFF845E52FEEFFF79FD9ABF3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Toxabramis houdemeri Pellegrin 1932	<div><p>Toxabramis houdemeri Pellegrin</p> <p>(Fig. 45, EAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. Lim &amp; Kwik, 2012 (as Toxobramis houdemeri); Kwik et al., 2013 (as Toxobramis houdemeri).</p> <p>Distribution. Yishun Pond (Lim &amp; Kwik, 2012; Kwik et al., 2013).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is sold as live feed for in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF845E52FEEFFF79FD9ABF3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF845E52FEF7FC99FDAFB9D8.text	564D87BDFF845E52FEF7FC99FDAFB9D8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trigonopoma gracile (Kottelat 1991)	<div><p>Trigonopoma gracile (Kottelat)</p> <p>(Fig. 46, SEA)</p> <p>References. Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Rasbora gracilis).</p> <p>Distribution. Not known.</p> <p>Remarks. Probably an escapee from the ornamental fish trade (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b). Earlier workers (pre-1990) used the name Rasbora taeniata (Kottelat, 1991).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF845E52FEF7FC99FDAFB9D8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF845E4DFC32FA1FFDEBBE1B.text	564D87BDFF845E4DFC32FA1FFDEBBE1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hemigrammus rodwayi Durbin 1909	<div><p>Hemigrammus rodwayi Durbin</p> <p>(Fig. 49, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Admin, 2006.</p> <p>Distribution. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Chim CK, pers. comm., 2006); Kranji Reservoir (Admin, 2006, identified as Chanda sp.; Lim RHB, pers. comm., 2018); Murai Reservoir (Lim RHB, pers. comm., 2018).</p> <p>Remarks. The first record of this species (deposited in ZRC in 2006) was from a brackish water pond at Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve and could have been flushed out from one of the fish farms adjacent to the reserve (Tan HH, pers. obs.). In 2006, and more recently in 2018, this species has been observed in large schools in Kranji and Murai Reservoir (Admin, 2006; Lim RHB, pers. obs.). This fish has been occasionally found in waters with varying degrees of salinity (Froese, 2018). The persistence of this fish in Kranji Reservoir from 2006 to present suggests that it has established a viable breeding population.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF845E4DFC32FA1FFDEBBE1B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9B5E4DFC5CFC1EFAD2BAC3.text	564D87BDFF9B5E4DFC5CFC1EFAD2BAC3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hemibagrus capitulum (Popta 1906)	<div><p>Hemibagrus capitulum (Popta)</p> <p>(Fig. 53, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Alfred, 1966a (as Mystus nemurus); Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010 (as Hemibagrus nemurus).</p> <p>Distribution. Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p> <p>Remarks. Ng &amp; Kottelat (2013b) recently revised the taxonomy of the Asian Hemibagrus, and resolved many issues with existing species. The common lowland species found throughout most of the lower Sundaic drainages has been re-identified as H. capitulum; whereas H. nemurus, which was the name erroneously used for the species in Singapore previously, is restricted to the island of Java.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9B5E4DFC5CFC1EFAD2BAC3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9B5E4DFEE7FDF8FD5AB864.text	564D87BDFF9B5E4DFEE7FDF8FD5AB864.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paracheirodon innesi (Myers 1936)	<div><p>Paracheirodon innesi (Myers)</p> <p>(Fig. 50, SA)</p> <p>Timah Nature Reserve — Catchment Pond (Baker, 2013e); Punggol Reservoir (Tan &amp; Leong, 2015); Kent Ridge Park pond (Tan, 2016b); Serangoon reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is not known to breed in Singapore (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a). All recent records are released/discarded pets (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p> <p>References. Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b.</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded as an escapee in the Mandai area and not an established species (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9B5E4DFEE7FDF8FD5AB864	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9B5E4DFF18F929FD35B44A.text	564D87BDFF9B5E4DFF18F929FD35B44A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier 1818)	<div><p>Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier)</p> <p>(Fig. 52, SA)</p> <p>References. Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Colossoma sp.); Ng et al., 1993 (as Colossoma macropomum); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Colossoma macropomum); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Colossoma macropomum); Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Baker, 2013e; Tan &amp; Leong, 2015; Tan, 2016b.</p> <p>Distribution. Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); MacRitchie Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Bukit</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9B5E4DFF18F929FD35B44A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9B5E4DFEECFB54FE2FBA8A.text	564D87BDFF9B5E4DFEECFB54FE2FBA8A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thayeria boehlkei Weitzman 1957	<div><p>Thayeria boehlkei Weitzman</p> <p>(Fig. 51, SA)</p> <p>References. None. This is a new record for Singapore.</p> <p>Distribution. Based on a sighting at Bukit Batok Nature Park (Lim KKP, pers. obs., 2010).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9B5E4DFEECFB54FE2FBA8A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9B5E4CFC88F930FEE0BD9B.text	564D87BDFF9B5E4CFC88F930FEE0BD9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hemibagrus guttatus (Lacepede 1803)	<div><p>Hemibagrus guttatus (Lacepède) [Extirpated]</p> <p>(EAs)</p> <p>References. Günther, 1864 (as Macrones elongatus); Fowler, 1938 (as Mystus elongatus); Alfred, 1966a (as Mystus elongatus); Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Ng &amp; Kottelat, 1998.</p> <p>Distribution. Not known.</p> <p>Remarks. This species was imported accidentally through the food fish route (Alfred, 1966a; Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b), and appears to be extirpated in Singapore, as there had been no recent records. Ng &amp; Kottelat (1998) clarified the taxonomy of the species, and H. elongatus, the name used previously, is a subjective junior synonym to H. guttatus.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9B5E4CFC88F930FEE0BD9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9A5E4CFEC3F856FB35B932.text	564D87BDFF9A5E4CFEC3F856FB35B932.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)	<div><p>Clarias gariepinus (Burchell)</p> <p>(Fig. 56, AF[SPC])</p> <p>References. Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HH et al., 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010; Yeo &amp;</p> <p>Lim, 2010; Baker, 2013d; Baker &amp; Lim, 2013; Kwik et al., 2013; Ng et al., 2013; Yeo, 2013; Tan, 2014a; Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015; Tan &amp; Koh, 2015; Ho et al., 2016; Lim et al., 2016; Tan et al., 2016; Tan et al., 2017b.</p> <p>Distribution. Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kranji Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Baker &amp; Lim, 2013); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Rochor canal (now part of Marina Reservoir; Tan HH et al., 2010); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Baker, 2013d); Pangsua pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Woodlands Town Park pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Yishun pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Bishan Park (Yeo, 2013; Tan &amp; Koh, 2015); West Coast Park marsh pond (Tan, 2014a); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2015); Pulau Tekong (Lim et al., 2016); Kranji Marsh (Tan et al., 2016); Singapore Quarry (Tan et al., 2017b).</p> <p>Remarks. This African species appears to have displaced the native congener, Clarias batrachus in many of its known habitats in Singapore, and is the subject of present research by Low BW (Ng et al., 2013). The juveniles of this species range from 1–2 cm to 15 cm length, and are commonly sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.). The species has been observed to be the subject of mercy/ religious release (Yeo DCJ, pers. obs.).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9A5E4CFEC3F856FB35B932	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9A5E4CFC2CFAA1FC77BA93.text	564D87BDFF9A5E4CFC2CFAA1FC77BA93.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clarias macrocephalus Gunther	<div><p>Clarias macrocephalus Günther</p> <p>(SEA)</p> <p>References. Tan HTW et al., 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Not known.</p> <p>Remarks. Hybrids between C. macrocephalus and C. gariepinus have been used for aquaculture (Tan HTW et al., 2010).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9A5E4CFC2CFAA1FC77BA93	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9A5E4CFEB0FE7BFEF3BFC0.text	564D87BDFF9A5E4CFEB0FE7BFEF3BFC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mystus castaneus Ng 2002	<div><p>Mystus castaneus Ng</p> <p>(Fig. 54, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Upper Peirce Reservoir stream (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9A5E4CFEB0FE7BFEF3BFC0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9A5E4CFEA1FC33FE70BB25.text	564D87BDFF9A5E4CFEA1FC33FE70BB25.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mystus wolffii (Bleeker 1851)	<div><p>Mystus wolffii (Bleeker)</p> <p>(Fig. 55, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Ng, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013.</p> <p>Distribution. Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p> <p>Remarks. Ng (2012) has clarified the status of Mystus wolffii in Singapore. The estuarine and dammed river-reservoir records probably represent native populations (i.e., Murai and Lower Seletar Reservoirs in Ng HH &amp; Tan HH [2010]; Punggol and Serangoon Reservoirs in Ng PX &amp; Tan HH [2013]), but the records from the inland reservoirs are probably non-native stock from raw water transferred from Johor, Peninsular Malaysia.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9A5E4CFEA1FC33FE70BB25	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9A5E4FFC1DF8C1FDB4BE41.text	564D87BDFF9A5E4FFC1DF8C1FDB4BE41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Corydoras aeneus (Gill 1858)	<div><p>Corydoras aeneus (Gill)</p> <p>(Fig. 57, SA)</p> <p>References. Anonymous, 1988b; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b.</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded as an escapee in Mandai area and not an established species (Anonymous, 1988b; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is occasionally sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9A5E4FFC1DF8C1FDB4BE41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF995E4FFF3AFD73FBA8BF3B.text	564D87BDFF995E4FFF3AFD73FBA8BF3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus (Weber 1991)	<div><p>Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus (Weber)</p> <p>(Fig. 58, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng &amp; Lim, 1989 (as Pterygoplichthys sp.); Munro, 1990 (as Pterygoplichthys sp.); Ng et al., 1993 (as Pterygoplichthys sp.); National Parks Board, 2003 (as Liposarcus spp.); Page &amp; Robins, 2006; Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Kwik et al., 2013; Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015 (as Pterygoplichthys sp.); Ho et al., 2016; Tan, 2016c.</p> <p>Distribution. Sungei Sembawang (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Hong Kah (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Lim Chu Kang (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Stamford Canal (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Pandan Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003); Choa Chu Kang ponds (Page &amp; Robins, 2006); Mandai area (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989; Page &amp; Robins, 2006); Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Jurong Lake (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kranji Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); MacRitchie Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan canal (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Woodlands Town Park pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Bishan Park (Tan, 2016c); Marina Reservoir (unpublished data); Serangoon Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. Ng &amp; Lim (1989) reported the presence of this species in the early 1980s although it is uncertain if there was more than one taxon as both P. disjunctivus and P. pardalis were extensively available in the ornamental fish trade (Page &amp; Robins, 2006).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF995E4FFF3AFD73FBA8BF3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF995E4FFC6AFC98FA69B42D.text	564D87BDFF995E4FFC6AFC98FA69B42D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pterygoplichthys joselimaianus (Weber 1991)	<div><p>Pterygoplichthys joselimaianus (Weber)</p> <p>(Fig. 59, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan, 2014g, 2016c; Ho et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Banir (Tan, 2014g; Ho et al., 2016); Bishan Park (Tan, 2016c); Jurong Lake (unpublished data); Marina Reservoir (unpublished data); Serangoon Reservoir (unpublished data).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF995E4FFC6AFC98FA69B42D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF985E4EFC76FAC8FA59BBBA.text	564D87BDFF985E4EFC76FAC8FA59BBBA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pangasionodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage)	<div><p>Pangasionodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage)</p> <p>(Fig. 62, SEA)</p> <p>References. Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Pangasianodon sutchi); Ng et al., 1993 (as Pangasius sutchi); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Pangasius hypophthalmus); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Pangasius hypophthalmus).</p> <p>Distribution. Jurong Lake (Lim KKP, pers. obs., 2011).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is commonly stocked in ponds for aquacultural and angling purposes (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF985E4EFC76FAC8FA59BBBA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF985E4EFF14FF79FA9BBD9B.text	564D87BDFF985E4EFF14FF79FA9BBD9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau 1855)	<div><p>Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau)</p> <p>(Fig. 60, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Anonymous, 1988a (as Hypostomus sp.); Anonymous, 1988b (as Hypostomus ?plecostomus); Ng &amp; Lim, 1989 (as Pterygoplichthys sp.); Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Hypostomus sp.); Ng, 1991 (as Pterygoplichthys sp.); Lim &amp; Ng, 1992 (as Liposarcus pardalis); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Liposarcus pardalis); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Liposarcus pardalis); Goh et al., 2002 (as Liposarcus sp.); National Parks Board, 2003 (as Liposarcus spp.); Page &amp; Robins, 2006; Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010; Kwik et al., 2013 (as Pterygoplichthys pardaris); Ho et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Mandai area rural streams (Anonymous, 1988b); Sungei Sembawang (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989; Lim &amp; Ng, 1992; Page &amp; Robins, 2006); Hong Kah (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Lim Chu Kang (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Stamford Canal (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Pandan Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan Canal (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Kranji Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989, 1997a, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Mandai area (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989; Page &amp; Robins, 2006); Jurong Lake (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Anonymous, 1988a; Ng &amp; Lim, 1989); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989, 1997a, 1997b); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003); Choa Chu Kang ponds (Page &amp; Robins, 2006); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); MacRitchie Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1989; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pangsua pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2015); Jurong Lake (unpublished data); Bishan Park (unpublished data); Bedok Reservoir (unpublished data); Marina Reservoir (unpublished data); Serangoon Reservoir (unpublished data); Punggol Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. See earlier remarks on P. disjunctivus.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF985E4EFF14FF79FA9BBD9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF985E4EFC32FE38FA69B8AB.text	564D87BDFF985E4EFC32FE38FA69B8AB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Synodontis eupterus Boulenger 1901	<div><p>Synodontis eupterus Boulenger</p> <p>(Fig. 61, AF[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p> <p>Remarks. This individual appears to be a discarded pet.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF985E4EFC32FE38FA69B8AB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9F5E49FC42FBFDFD20BB1A.text	564D87BDFF9F5E49FC42FBFDFD20BB1A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gambusia affinis (Baird & Girard 1853)	<div><p>Gambusia affinis (Baird &amp; Girard)</p> <p>(Fig. 66, CA[SPC])</p> <p>Distribution. Pandan River (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b, based on a 1996 newspaper report); Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Bedok Reservoir (Anonymous, 2014).</p> <p>Remarks. These reported individuals are likely discarded pets. This species is common in the ornamental fish trade as juveniles (less than 10 cm). Once fishes reach sub-adulthood, they are typically too large to be accommodated in home aquaria and are conveniently discarded in public ponds and reservoirs (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010). Recently, an artificial hybrid between Phractocephalus hemioliopterus and Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum became available through the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.). This artificial hybrid can grow to a large size as both parental species exceed 90 cm in size, and introductions can be expected in the near future in the artificial water bodies in Singapore.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9F5E49FC42FBFDFD20BB1A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9F5E49FEE4FF78FD22BEB2.text	564D87BDFF9F5E49FEE4FF78FD22BEB2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pangasius sanitwongsei Smith 1931	<div><p>Pangasius sanitwongsei Smith</p> <p>(Fig. 63, SEA)</p> <p>References. Tan &amp; Yusfiandi, 2015.</p> <p>Distribution. Marina Reservoir (Tan &amp; Yusfiandi, 2015).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9F5E49FEE4FF78FD22BEB2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9F5E49FF62FCE6FD28B8FA.text	564D87BDFF9F5E49FF62FCE6FD28B8FA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phractocephalus hemioliopterus (Bloch & Schneider 1801)	<div><p>Phractocephalus hemioliopterus (Bloch &amp; Schneider)</p> <p>(Fig. 64, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010; Baker &amp; Lim, 2012; Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015; Tan et al., 2017a.</p> <p>Distribution. Bukit Batok Nature Park (Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010; Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010); Sungei Pandan feeder stream (Tan et al., 2017a).</p> <p>Remarks. This species has established breeding populations in Bukit Batok Nature Park (Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010), and Sungei Pandan feeder stream (Tan et al., 2017a).</p> <p>References. Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9F5E49FF62FCE6FD28B8FA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9F5E48FF7FF87EFD9BBF7B.text	564D87BDFF9F5E48FF7FF87EFD9BBF7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aplocheilus lineatus (Valenciennes 1846)	<div><p>Aplocheilus lineatus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes)</p> <p>(Fig. 65, SAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. Johnson, 1973a; Johnson, 1973b (as Gambusia spp.); Anonymous, 1988a; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Gambusia holbrooki); Munro, 1990 (as G. holbrooki); Ng et al., 1993 (as G. holbrookii); Fernando &amp; Phang, 1994; Lim et al., 1995 (as G. holbrooki); Subaraj et al., 1995 (as G. holbrooki); Lever, 1996; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as G. holbrookii); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as G. holbrookii); Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010; Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010; Davison et al., 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013; Tan, 2014d, 2016a; Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015; Ho et al., 2016; Lim et al., 2016; Tan et al., 2016; Tan et al., 2017b.</p> <p>Distribution. Seletar Reservoir Park (Munro, 1990); Sungei Whampoa (Munro, 1990); Lornie Forest stream (Subaraj et al., 1995); Ulu Sembawang/Lorong Gambas (Lim et al., 1995); Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kranji Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Anonymous, 1988a; Lim et al., 1995; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kent Ridge Park pond (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Murai Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Tengah Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan, 2014d); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010); Punggol Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013); MacRitchie Reservoir (Subaraj et al., 1995; Tan, 2016a); outskirts of Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Ho et al., 2016); Pulau Tekong (Lim et al., 2016); Kranji Marsh (Tan et al., 2016); Singapore Quarry (Tan et al., 2017b).</p> <p>Remarks. This species had often been introduced as a mosquito control agent but its efficacy is questionable (Lever, 1996). This species is commonly sold with either Poecilia reticulata or Poecilia sphenops as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9F5E48FF7FF87EFD9BBF7B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9E5E48FEC8FC58FE00B8FB.text	564D87BDFF9E5E48FEC8FC58FE00B8FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Poecilia latipinna (Lesueur 1821)	<div><p>Poecilia latipinna (Lesueur)</p> <p>(CA)</p> <p>References. Welcomme, 1988; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Fernando &amp; Phang, 1994; Lever, 1996; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Poecilia cf. latipinna), 1997b (as P. latippina).</p> <p>Distribution. Widespread in canals and brackish water habitats (Lim &amp; Ng, 1990). It may have hybridised with P. sphenops (Lim &amp; Ng, 1990).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9E5E48FEC8FC58FE00B8FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9E5E48FEDBFAD8FB0EB8BB.text	564D87BDFF9E5E48FEDBFAD8FB0EB8BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Poecilia reticulata Peters 1859	<div><p>Poecilia reticulata Peters</p> <p>(Fig. 67, CA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Hanitsch, 1912 (as Girardinus poeciloides); Herre, 1940 (as Lebistes reticulatus); Johnson, 1964 (as Lebistes reticulatus); Alfred, 1966a (as Lebistes reticulatus); Johnson, 1973b; Tham, 1973 (as Lebistes reticulatus); Anonymous, 1989b; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Ng, 1991; Ng et al., 1993; Fernando &amp; Phang, 1994 (introduced as early as 1937); Lim, 1995; Lever, 1996; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Goh et al., 2002; National Parks Board, 2003; Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010; Yeo &amp; Chia, 2010; Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010; Ng PX &amp; Tan HH, 2013; Tan et al., 2013; Tan &amp; Low, 2014; Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015; Ho et al., 2016; Tan, 2016b.</p> <p>Distribution. Widespread in Singapore, except in forest streams (Maxwell, 1921; Alfred, 1966a; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990); MacRitchie Reservoir (Alfred, 1966a); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Alfred, 1966a; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Anonymous, 1989b); Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Munro, 1990); Napier Road and Bukit Timah Road (Munro, 1990); Seletar Reservoir Park (Munro, 1990); Kent Ridge Park (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Pandan Canal (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Cluny Road drain (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Bukit Timah Nature Reserve peripheral streams (Lim, 1995; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Bukit Batok Nature Park (Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010); Punggol Reservoir (Ng PX &amp; Tan HH, 2013); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng PX &amp; Tan HH, 2013); Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013); Greenbank Park (Tan HH, pers. obs., 1990s); Kranji Reservoir (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2010); Commonwealth area (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2010); Mandai area (Tan &amp; Low, 2014); Tai Seng area (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2016); outskirts of Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Ho et al., 2016); Kent Ridge Park ponds (Tan, 2016b).</p> <p>Remarks. Tham (1973) commented that Poecilia reticulata was used for mosquito control in fish ponds. This species is commonly sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.). See later account under “Species for biological control” for more details.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9E5E48FEDBFAD8FB0EB8BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9E5E4BFC63FB18FA45BF8F.text	564D87BDFF9E5E4BFC63FB18FA45BF8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Poecilia sphenops Valenciennes 1846	<div><p>Poecilia sphenops Valenciennes, in Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes</p> <p>(Fig. 68, CA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Johnson &amp; Soong, 1963 (as Mollienisia sphenops); Alfred, 1966a (as Mollienisia sphenops); Johnson, 1973a (as Mollienisia sphenops); Johnson, 1973b (as Mollienisia spp.); Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Ng, 1991; Ng et al., 1993; Fernando &amp; Phang, 1994; Subaraj, 1995; Lever, 1996; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Ng &amp; Sivasothi, 1999; Goh et al., 2002; National Parks Board, 2003; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HH et al., 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010; Jaafar et al., 2012; Leong, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013; Tan, 2014d, 2016a; Ng et al., 2015; Ho et al., 2016; Li et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. MacRitchie Reservoir (Alfred, 1966a; Tan, 2016a); Pulau Ubin (Subaraj, 1995); Cluny Road drain (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Pandan Canal (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Sungei Sembawang — Senoko (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Mandai coastal streams (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2004); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003); Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan canal (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2010); Jurong River (Ng HH, pers. obs., 2010); Kranji Reservoir (Tan HH, 2010); Marina Reservoir (comprising of Singapore River, Rochor canal, Kallang River, Geylang River and Marina Channel; Tan HH et al., 2010); Siglap canal (Leong, 2012); Punggol Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Tan, 2014d); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2015); Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Ho et al., 2016; Li et al., 2016); Yew Tee canal (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2016); West Coast Park marsh pond (Tan HH, pers. obs., November 2016); Bishan Park (Liew JH, pers. obs., 2016). Distribution. Recorded by Ng &amp; Lim (1997a) from canals in Singapore, but no details provided; Woodlands Town Garden (Anonymous, 1989a); Pulau Tekong (Lim et al., 2016).</p> <p>Remarks. Fernando &amp; Phang (1994) noted that the introductions of X. hellerii, X. maculatus and X. variatus into Singapore for ornamental aquaculture probably started in the mid-1940s. This species is occasionally sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9E5E4BFC63FB18FA45BF8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9D5E4BFEC4FB78FDAEBB40.text	564D87BDFF9D5E4BFEC4FB78FDAEBB40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Poecilia velifera (Regan 1914)	<div><p>Poecilia velifera (Regan)</p> <p>(Fig. 69, CA)</p> <p>References. Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Fernando &amp; Phang, 1994; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Tan HH et al., 2010; Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010; Tan et al., 2013; Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015.</p> <p>Distribution. Cluny Road drain (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Kallang River (now part of Marina Reservoir; Tan HH et al., 2010); Bukit Batok Nature Park (Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010); Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013).</p> <p>References. Munro, 1990; Ng et al., 1993.</p> <p>Distribution. Not known.</p> <p>Remarks. The records of this species are probably escapees from the ornamental fish trade (Munro, 1990).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9D5E4BFEC4FB78FDAEBB40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9D5E4BFEF3F8B0FAC6BA99.text	564D87BDFF9D5E4BFEF3F8B0FAC6BA99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xiphophorus hellerii Heckel 1848	<div><p>Xiphophorus hellerii Heckel</p> <p>(Fig. 70, CA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Anonymous, 1989a; Ng et al., 1993; Fernando &amp; Phang, 1994; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Lim et al., 2016.</p> <p>Remarks. This species is commonly sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9D5E4BFEF3F8B0FAC6BA99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9D5E4BFC48FC6CFE5DB89B.text	564D87BDFF9D5E4BFC48FC6CFE5DB89B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xiphophorus maculatus (Gunther 1866)	<div><p>Xiphophorus maculatus (Günther)</p> <p>(Fig. 71, CA[SPC])</p> <p>Remarks. Fernando &amp; Phang (1994) stated that this species had been very likely introduced as an escaped pet fish in the 1940s, and they easily hybridise with P. latipinna. This species is commonly sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9D5E4BFC48FC6CFE5DB89B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9D5E4AFC27F97BFDBBBD3B.text	564D87BDFF9D5E4AFC27F97BFDBBBD3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xiphophorus variatus (Meek 1904)	<div><p>Xiphophorus variatus (Meek)</p> <p>(Fig. 72, CA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng et al., 1993; Fernando &amp; Phang, 1994; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a; Tan et al., 2013.</p> <p>Distribution. Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9D5E4AFC27F97BFDBBBD3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9C5E4AFC3BF8C6FA07B432.text	564D87BDFF9C5E4AFC3BF8C6FA07B432.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Datnioides microlepis Bleeker	<div><p>Datnioides microlepis Bleeker</p> <p>(Fig. 76, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Bedok Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is probably from discarded pet fish, as this is a popular species in the ornamental fish trade. As</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9C5E4AFC3BF8C6FA07B432	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9C5E4AFF1EFE18FDFFBF7B.text	564D87BDFF9C5E4AFF1EFE18FDFFBF7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrognathus siamensis (Gunther 1861)	<div><p>Macrognathus siamensis (Günther)</p> <p>(Fig. 73, SEA)</p> <p>References. Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b.</p> <p>Distribution. Recorded as an escapee in Seletar Reservoir (within Central Catchment Nature Reserve) and not an established species (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9C5E4AFF1EFE18FDFFBF7B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9C5E4AFEF6FC59FF36BACB.text	564D87BDFF9C5E4AFEF6FC59FF36BACB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrognathus zebrinus (Blyth 1858)	<div><p>Macrognathus zebrinus (Blyth)</p> <p>(Fig. 74, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng, 2010; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Baker &amp; Leong, 2014; Ho et al., 2016; Tan et al., 2016; Tan &amp; Teo, 2018.</p> <p>Distribution. Kranji Reservoir (Ng, 2010; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng, 2010; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng, 2010; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Tengah Reservoir (Ng, 2010; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Banir (Baker &amp; Leong, 2014; Ho et al., 2016); Kranji Marsh (Tan et al., 2016); Marina Reservoir (Tan &amp; Teo, 2018).</p> <p>Distribution. Originally found in the northern half of Singapore, recent records show it is now at Marina Reservoir (see Tan &amp; Teo, 2018). The mode of transfer or spread is unknown.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9C5E4AFEF6FC59FF36BACB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF9C5E4AFEF2F8A8FB60BA95.text	564D87BDFF9C5E4AFEF2F8A8FB60BA95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parambassis siamensis (Fowler 1937)	<div><p>Parambassis siamensis (Fowler)</p> <p>(Fig. 75, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Anonymous, 1989b (as? Chanda nama); Anonymous, 1990 (as Parambassis punctulatus); Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Chanda sp.); Munro, 1990 (as Parambassis punctulatus); Ng et al., 1993 (as Parambassis punctulatus); Lim et al., 1995; Subaraj et al., 1995; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Kwik et al., 2013; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013; Ho et al., 2016; Li et al., 2016; Tan, 2018.</p> <p>Distribution. Lim &amp; Ng (1990) observed this species in Central Catchment reservoirs; Kranji Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Anonymous, 1989b; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Anonymous, 1990; Munro, 1990; Lim et al., 1995; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Bukit Batok Nature Park (Tan, 2018); Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); MacRitchie Reservoir (Subaraj et al., 1995; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Murai Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Singapore Botanic Gardens, Swan Lake (Lim KKP, pers. obs., 2010); Pangsua pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Woodlands Town Park pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Punggol Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013); Central Catchment Nature Reserve—Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Ho et al., 2016; Li et al., 2016); Sungei Seletar (Banir confluence; Tan HH, pers. obs., March 2017); Jurong Lake (unpublished data); Bishan Park (unpublished data); Pandan Reservoir (unpublished data); Serangoon Reservoir (unpublished data); Bedok Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. This species was probably introduced into Singapore’s reservoirs along with raw water transferred from Johor, Peninsular Malaysia (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010). This species consumes zooplankton and insect larvae (Okutsu et al., 2011; Lim RHB, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF9C5E4AFEF2F8A8FB60BA95	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF935E45FBE8FF78FD6DBE90.text	564D87BDFF935E45FBE8FF78FD6DBE90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cichlidae	<div><p>Family Cichlidae Acarichthys heckelli (Müller &amp; Troschel)</p> <p>(Fig. 78, SA[SPC])</p> <p>with other taxa commonly discarded, this species also grows to a large size not suitable for most home aquarists.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF935E45FBE8FF78FD6DBE90	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF935E44FEEDFCC3FE31BFB2.text	564D87BDFF935E44FEEDFCC3FE31BFB2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Monodactylus sebae (Cuvier 1829)	<div><p>Monodactylus sebae (Cuvier)</p> <p>(Fig. 77, AF)</p> <p>References. Tan &amp; Lim, 2008; Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Kwik et al., 2013; Liew et al., 2013; Tan, 2014d, 2016a; Ho et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Tan &amp; Lim, 2008; Ho et al., 2016); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Liew et al., 2013); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Liew et al., 2013); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Liew et al., 2013); Woodlands Town Park pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Sungei Seletar (Liew et al., 2013); Banir (Liew et al., 2013); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Tan, 2014d); MacRitchie Reservoir (Tan, 2016a); Bishan Park (unpublished data); Marina Reservoir (unpublished data); Punggol Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. Autecology of this recently introduced species was documented by Liew et al. (2013).</p> <p>Amphilophus citrinellus (Günther)</p> <p>(Fig. 79A, B, CA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Tan &amp; Soo, 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Marina Reservoir (Tan &amp; Soo, 2016).</p> <p>Remarks. This individual is probably a discarded pet fish, as this species is a popular fish species in the ornamental fish trade.</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Kwik et al., 2013; Lim, 2013c; Yeo, 2013; Tan, 2014f, 2016c.</p> <p>Distribution. Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pangsua Pond (Kwik et al., 2013; Tan, 2014f); Woodlands Town Park</p> <p>Pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Yishun Pond (Kwik et al., 2013; Lim, 2013c); Bishan Park (Yeo, 2013; Tan, 2016c); Marina South (Tan, 2014f); Pandan canal (Tan, 2014f); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Tan, 2014f); West Coast Park marsh pond (Tan, 2015a); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2015); Marina Reservoir (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2016); Bedok Reservoir (unpublished data); Serangoon Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. This is one of the parent species for the Louhan cichlid and Blood parrot hybrids.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF935E44FEEDFCC3FE31BFB2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF925E44FF14FC26FF1FBAFE.text	564D87BDFF925E44FF14FC26FF1FBAFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amphilophus trimaculatus (Gunther 1867)	<div><p>Amphilophus trimaculatus (Günther)</p> <p>(Fig. 80, CA)</p> <p>References. Tan, 2014a (as Cichlasoma trimaculatum).</p> <p>Distribution. West Coast Park marsh pond (Tan, 2014a).</p> <p>Remarks. This is one of the parent species for the Louhan cichlid.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF925E44FF14FC26FF1FBAFE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF925E44FEFCF8DDFB81BEB0.text	564D87BDFF925E44FEFCF8DDFB81BEB0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apistogramma borelli (Regan 1906)	<div><p>Apistogramma borelli (Regan)</p> <p>(Fig. 81, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Tan HTW et al., 2010 (as Apistogramma sp.); Liew et al., 2012; Ho et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Upper Seletar Reservoir Park stream (Liew et al., 2012); outskirts of Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Ho et al., 2016).</p> <p>Remarks. An established population of this species exists in a stream along the outskirts of Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Liew et al., 2012; Ho et al., 2016). Its presence has been known since the 1990s.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF925E44FEFCF8DDFB81BEB0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF925E44FC8BFD20FAD4B9E7.text	564D87BDFF925E44FC8BFD20FAD4B9E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Astronotus ocellatus (Agassiz 1831)	<div><p>Astronotus ocellatus (Agassiz, in Spix &amp; Agassiz)</p> <p>(Fig. 82, SA)</p> <p>References. Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Liew et al., 2012.</p> <p>Distribution. Singapore Botanic Gardens (Liew et al., 2012), Bishan Park (Tan HH, pers. obs., March 2017).</p> <p>Remarks. This is a popular species in the ornamental fish trade, available in several colour varieties.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF925E44FC8BFD20FAD4B9E7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF925E47FC53F9D4FA9BBD1B.text	564D87BDFF925E47FC53F9D4FA9BBD1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cichla kelberi Kullander & Ferreira 2006	<div><p>Cichla kelberi Kullander &amp; Ferreira</p> <p>(Fig. 83, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. None. This is a new record for Singapore.</p> <p>Distribution. Bedok Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. Species of Cichla are large (more than 40 cm in length), highly territorial predatory fishes. Their presence in the water bodies will impact existing fish communities as this genus is highly piscivorous (Kovalenko et al., 2010). The four Cichla species could have been introduced by recreational anglers or/and released as unwanted ornamental pets (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p> <p>References. None. This is a new record for Singapore.</p> <p>Distribution. Marina Reservoir (unpublished data).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF925E47FC53F9D4FA9BBD1B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF915E47FF48FE78FE6BBA79.text	564D87BDFF915E47FF48FE78FE6BBA79.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cichla orinocensis Humboldt 1821	<div><p>Cichla orinocensis Humboldt, in Humboldt &amp; Valenciennes</p> <p>(Fig. 84, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Cichla cf. monoculus); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Cichla ocellaris); Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Yeo &amp; Chia, 2010; Kwik et al., 2013; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013; Tan, 2013b, 2014d, 2014g; Ho et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kranji Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Tan, 2013b, 2014d); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); MacRitchie Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Woodlands Town Park pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Punggol Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013); Banir (Tan, 2014g; Ho et al., 2016); Marina Reservoir (near Marina Bay Sands; Wozniak S, pers. obs., October 2016); Bishan Park (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. Juvenile individuals were recently obtained from a stream feeding into Lower Seletar Reservoir (Tan, 2014g), while adults were observed to be breeding in Upper Seletar Reservoir (Tan, 2013b); this is indicative that this species has established in Singapore.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF915E47FF48FE78FE6BBA79	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF915E47FF03F95AFC7BB8C1.text	564D87BDFF915E47FF03F95AFC7BB8C1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cichla piquiti Kullander & Ferreira 2006	<div><p>Cichla piquiti Kullander &amp; Ferreira</p> <p>(Fig. 85, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Liew et al., 2012; Lai, 2015; Ho et al., 2016; Tan, 2016a.</p> <p>Distribution. Upper Seletar Reservoir (Liew et al., 2012); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Lai, 2015); MacRitchie Reservoir (Tan, 2016a); Bedok Reservoir (unpublished data); Upper Peirce Reservoir (unpublished data); Marina Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. Juvenile individuals were obtained from Upper Seletar Reservoir (Liew et al., 2012), while adult pairs have been observed at MacRitchie Reservoir (Tan, 2016a); this is indicative of this species establishing breeding populations in Singapore.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF915E47FF03F95AFC7BB8C1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF915E47FC95FEF8FB10BD9B.text	564D87BDFF915E47FC95FEF8FB10BD9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cichla temensis Humboldt 1821	<div><p>Cichla temensis Humboldt, in Humboldt &amp; Valenciennes</p> <p>(Fig. 86, SA[SPC])</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF915E47FC95FEF8FB10BD9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF915E47FC00FB33FAE1BB99.text	564D87BDFF915E47FC00FB33FAE1BB99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coptodon zillii (Gervais 1848)	<div><p>Coptodon zillii (Gervais)</p> <p>(Fig. 87, AF)</p> <p>References. Burkill, 1963 (as Tilapia zillii); Alfred, 1968 (as Tilapia zillii); Munro, 1990 (as Tilapia zillii); Ng et al., 1993 (as Tilapia zillii); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Tilapia zillii), 1997b (as Tilapia zillii).</p> <p>Distribution. Singapore Botanic Gardens (Burkill, 1963; Alfred, 1968; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b).</p> <p>Remarks. There have been no recent records.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF915E47FC00FB33FAE1BB99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF905E46FECFFF79FE42BAC7.text	564D87BDFF905E46FECFFF79FE42BAC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Etroplus suratensis (Bloch 1790)	<div><p>Etroplus suratensis (Bloch)</p> <p>(Fig. 88, SAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. Lim et al., 1995; Ng &amp; Sivasothi, 1999; Goh et al., 2002; Chua EK, 2010; Ng TH &amp; Tan, 2010; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HH et al., 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010; Jaafar et al., 2012; Leong, 2012; Kwik et al., 2013; Ng PX &amp; Tan HH, 2013; Tan, 2013a; Ng et al., 2015; Tan, 2016c, 2017a; Tan &amp; Ng, 2016; Theng et al., 2016; Toh et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Lim et al., 1995; Ng TH &amp; Tan, 2010; Tan, 2013a; Theng et al., 2016); Kallang (now part of Marina Reservoir; Ng TH &amp; Tan, 2010); Kranji Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Punggol Reservoir (Ng TH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Ng PX &amp; Tan, 2013; Theng et al., 2016); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng TH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Ng PX &amp; Tan HH, 2013; Theng et al., 2016); Pulau Ubin (Ng TH &amp; Tan, 2010); Marina Reservoir — encompassing Singapore River, Rochor canal, Kallang River, Geylang River and Marina channel (Tan HH et al., 2010); Siglap canal (Leong, 2012); Yishun pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Tuas — Raffles Marina (Toh et al., 2016); Bishan Park (Tan, 2016c); Sentosa (Tan &amp; Ng, 2016); West Coast Park (Tan, 2017a); Jurong Lake (unpublished data); Lower Peirce Reservoir (unpublished data); MacRitchie Reservoir (unpublished data); Bedok Reservoir (unpublished data); Upper Peirce Reservoir (unpublished data); Serangoon Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. This euryhaline South Asian cichlid is wellestablished in Singapore (Ng TH &amp; Tan, 2010) and besides being found in freshwater reservoirs, has also adapted to saline conditions of estuarine and coastal waters (Tan &amp; Ng, 2016; Tan, 2017a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF905E46FECFFF79FE42BAC7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF905E46FECAF935FC6AB813.text	564D87BDFF905E46FECAF935FC6AB813.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Geophagus altifrons Heckel 1840	<div><p>Geophagus altifrons Heckel</p> <p>(Fig. 89, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HH et al., 2010 (as G. surinamensis); Tan HTW et al., 2010 (as Geophagus sp.); Kwik et al., 2013; Tan, 2014d, 2016a; Ho et al., 2016; Lim et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Kallang River (now part of Marina Reservoir; Tan HH et al., 2010); Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kranji Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan, 2014d); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); MacRitchie Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan, 2016a); Tekong Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Woodlands Town Park pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Yishun pond (Kwik et al., 2013); outskirts of Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Ho et al., 2016); Pulau Tekong (Lim et al., 2016); Jurong Lake (unpublished data); Pandan Reservoir (unpublished data); Serangoon Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. This is a common species in the ornamental fish trade.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF905E46FECAF935FC6AB813	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF905E46FC7EFB80FB96BA91.text	564D87BDFF905E46FC7EFB80FB96BA91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Herichthys carpintis (Jordan & Snyder 1899)	<div><p>Herichthys carpintis (Jordan &amp; Snyder)</p> <p>(Fig. 90, CA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Jaafar et al., 2012; Liew et al., 2012.</p> <p>Distribution. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Jaafar et al., 2012; Liew et al., 2012).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF905E46FC7EFB80FB96BA91	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF905E46FBE8F902FC1ABBD0.text	564D87BDFF905E46FBE8F902FC1ABBD0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Heros severus Heckel 1840	<div><p>Heros severus Heckel</p> <p>(Fig. 91, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p> <p>Remarks. Not established as this is regarded as a discarded aquarium fish.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF905E46FBE8F902FC1ABBD0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF975E41FF07FD04FDDDBBA8.text	564D87BDFF975E41FF07FD04FDDDBBA8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Heterotilapia buttikoferi (Hubrecht 1881)	<div><p>Heterotilapia buttikoferi (Hubrecht)</p> <p>(Fig. 92, AF[SPC])</p> <p>References. Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012 (as Tilapia buttikoferi); Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010 (as Tilapia buttikoferi); Tan HTW et al., 2010 (as Tilapia buttikoferi); Kwik et al., 2013 (as Tilapia buttikoferi); Tan, 2013d, 2014a (as Tilapia buttikoferi); Tan, 2016c.</p> <p>Distribution. Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pangsua pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Yishun pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Sime forest (Tan, 2013d); West Coast Park marsh pond (Tan, 2014a); Bishan Park (Tan, 2016c); Jurong Lake (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2018); Marina Reservoir (unpublished data); Pandan Reservoir (unpublished data); Serangoon Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. This is a popular fish in the ornamental fish trade. Its introduction into Singapore is probably through pet fishes that are released into the water bodies.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF975E41FF07FD04FDDDBBA8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF975E41FC7FFF79FBDBBB1F.text	564D87BDFF975E41FC7FFF79FBDBBB1F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mayaheros urophthalmus (Gunther 1862)	<div><p>Mayaheros urophthalmus (Günther)</p> <p>(Fig. 93, CA[SPC])</p> <p>References. National Parks Board, 2003 (as Nandopsis festae or Cichlasoma urophthalmus); Nico et al., 2007 (as “ Cichlasoma ” urophthalmus); Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Tan HTW et al., 2010 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmus); Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Jaafar et al., 2012 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Kwik et al., 2013 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmus); Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2013 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Tan, 2013a (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Yeo, 2013 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Tan, 2014a, 2014f (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Ng et al., 2015 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Tan, 2016c; Tan &amp; Koh, 2016 (as Cichalsoma uropthalmum); Theng et al., 2016 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmus); Tan et al., 2017b.</p> <p>Distribution. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003; Tan, 2013a; Theng et al., 2016); Punggol River (now dammed as Punggol Reservoir; Nico et al., 2007); Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Sarimbun Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010); Punggol Reservoir (Ng PX &amp; Tan, 2013; Theng et al., 2016); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng PX &amp; Tan, 2013; Theng et al., 2016); Bishan Park (Yeo, 2013; Tan, 2016c); West Coast Park marsh pond (Tan, 2014a); Pandan canal (Tan 2014f); Yishun Pond (Kwik et al., 2013; Tan, 2014f); Jurong Lake (Tan, 2014f); Marina South (Tan &amp; Koh, 2016); Singapore Quarry (Tan et al., 2017b); Bishan Park (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. This species has adapted to brackish water and can be sighted in the waterways at Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Tan, 2013a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF975E41FC7FFF79FBDBBB1F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF975E41FCD9F8FCFC59B41F.text	564D87BDFF975E41FCD9F8FCFC59B41F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mayaheros urophthalmus (Gunther 1862)	<div><p>Mayaheros urophthalmus × Parachromis managuensis</p> <p>(Fig. 94)</p> <p>References. Jaafar et al., 2012.</p> <p>Distribution. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Jaafar et al., 2012).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF975E41FCD9F8FCFC59B41F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF965E40FEFCFDBBFCCDB8C8.text	564D87BDFF965E40FEFCFDBBFCCDB8C8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Maylandia estherae (Konings 1995)	<div><p>Maylandia estherae (Konings)</p> <p>(Fig. 95, AF[SPC])</p> <p>2012; Leong, 2012; Kwik et al., 2013; Ng PX &amp; Tan, 2013; Yeo, 2013; Tan, 2014a; Ng et al., 2015; Tan YK et al., 2015 (as Oreochromis sp.); Lim et al., 2016; Tan, 2016b, 2016c (as Oreochromis sp.); Tan &amp; Koh, 2016; Theng et al., 2016; Tan et al., 2017b.</p> <p>References. Liew et al., 2012.</p> <p>Distribution. Pandan canal (Liew et al., 2012).</p> <p>Remarks. This individual is probably a discarded pet fish.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF965E40FEFCFDBBFCCDB8C8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF965E40FF1CFB28FE29BA28.text	564D87BDFF965E40FF1CFB28FE29BA28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner 1864)	<div><p>Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner)</p> <p>(AF)</p> <p>References. Welcomme, 1988; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Lever, 1996; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Jaafar et al., 2012.</p> <p>Distribution. Not known.</p> <p>Remarks. This species is regarded as an escapee from aquaculture (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF965E40FF1CFB28FE29BA28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF965E40FEE0F988FB5CB400.text	564D87BDFF965E40FEE0F988FB5CB400.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852)	<div><p>Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters)</p> <p>(Fig. 96, AF[SPC])</p> <p>References. Le Mare, 1949 (as Tilapia mossambica); Burkill, 1961 (as Tilapia); Johnson, 1964 (as Tilapia mossambica); Alfred, 1966a (as Tilapia mossambicus, as early as 1944); Johnson, 1973a, 1973b (as Tilapia); Tham, 1973 (as Tilapia mossambica); Yang, 1984 (as Tilapia mossambicus); Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Ng, 1991; Public Utilities Board, 1991 (as Tilapia mossambicus); Ng et al., 1993; Fernando &amp; Phang, 1994; Lim et al., 1995; Subaraj, 1995; Subaraj et al., 1995; Lever, 1996; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Ng &amp; Sivasothi, 1999; Goh et al., 2002; National Parks Board, 2003; Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HH et al., 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010; Yeo &amp; Chia, 2010; Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010; Davison et al., 2012; Jaafar et al., Distribution. Upper Seletar Reservoir (previously known as Seletar Reservoir; Johnson, 1973a; Yang, 1984; Munro, 1990); Pulau Ubin (Subaraj, 1995); MacRitchie Reservoir (Subaraj et al., 1995); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Lim et al., 1995; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Tekong Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Marina Reservoir — encompassing Singapore River, Rochor canal, Kallang River and Geylang River (Tan HH et al., 2010); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Yeo &amp; Lim, 2010); Siglap canal (Leong, 2012); Pangsua pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Woodlands Town Park pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Yishun pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Punggol Reservoir (Ng PX &amp; Tan HH, 2013; Theng et al., 2016); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng PX &amp; Tan, 2013; Theng et al., 2016); Bishan Park (Yeo, 2013; Tan, 2016c); West Coast Park marsh pond (Tan, 2014a); Hindhede Quarry (Tan HH, pers. obs., July 2014); Marina Reservoir (Tan YK et al., 2015); Marina South (Tan &amp; Koh, 2016); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003; Theng et al., 2016); Kent Ridge Park ponds (Tan, 2016b); Tai Seng area (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2016); Pulau Tekong (Lim et al., 2016); Singapore Quarry (Tan et al., 2017b); Jurong Lake (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. This species was introduced as a source of food by the Japanese Army from Javan population during the Japanese Occupation of Singapore (1942–1945) (Alfred, 1966a; Tham, 1973; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Yeo &amp; Chia, 2010). It is now widespread in all Central Catchment reservoirs and other artificial water bodies and brackish water habitats (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012). The juveniles of this species are sometimes sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF965E40FEE0F988FB5CB400	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF955E43FF2BFB24FE21BBF0.text	564D87BDFF955E43FF2BFB24FE21BBF0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters 1852)	<div><p>Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus</p> <p>(Fig. 98 [SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng PX &amp; Tan, 2013.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF955E43FF2BFB24FE21BBF0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF955E43FF12FF78FE89B8B4.text	564D87BDFF955E43FF12FF78FE89B8B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus)</p> <p>(Fig. 97, AF[SPC])</p> <p>Distribution. Punggol Reservoir (Ng PX &amp; Tan, 2013); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng PX &amp; Tan, 2013).</p> <p>Remarks. This hybrid has morphological characters of both parent species. Mature males tend to not exhibit the blackened body, but still having the multiple black bars and red margin over the caudal fin (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p> <p>References. Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; National Parks Board, 2003; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Jaafar et al., 2012; Kwik et al., 2013; Ng PX &amp; Tan HH, 2013; Tan, 2013a; Tan et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003; Tan, 2013a); Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Murai Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Sarimbun Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Tengah Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b); Yishun pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Punggol Reservoir (Ng PX &amp; Tan, 2013); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng PX &amp; Tan, 2013); Kranji Marsh (Tan et al., 2016); Bishan Park (unpublished data); Marina Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. Both O. niloticus and O. mossambicus can adapt to saline conditions.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF955E43FF12FF78FE89B8B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF955E43FC7BFE78FCACB88A.text	564D87BDFF955E43FC7BFE78FCACB88A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parachromis managuensis (Gunther 1867)	<div><p>Parachromis managuensis (Günther)</p> <p>(Fig. 99, CA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010; Kwik et al., 2013.</p> <p>Distribution. Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan canal (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2010); Pangsua pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Yishun pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Bishan Park (unpublished data), Pandan Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is common in the ornamental fish trade.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF955E43FC7BFE78FCACB88A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF955E42FCBAFB69FF31BD1B.text	564D87BDFF955E42FCBAFB69FF31BD1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pterophyllum scalare (Schultze 1823)	<div><p>Pterophyllum scalare (Schultze, in Lichtenstein)</p> <p>(Fig. 100, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Liew et al., 2012.</p> <p>Distribution. Pangsua Pond (Liew et al., 2012).</p> <p>Remarks. The specimens obtained from the listed site probably originated as discarded pets from the ornamental fish trade.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF955E42FCBAFB69FF31BD1B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF945E42FEFDFEF8FCC2BF47.text	564D87BDFF945E42FEFDFEF8FCC2BF47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Satanoperca jurupari (Heckel 1840)	<div><p>Satanoperca jurupari (Heckel)</p> <p>(Fig. 101, SA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Baker &amp; Lim, 2012.</p> <p>Distribution. Kranji Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF945E42FEFDFEF8FCC2BF47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF945E42FEDBFCB4FEE6BA19.text	564D87BDFF945E42FEDBFCB4FEE6BA19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Thorichthys meeki Brind 1918	<div><p>Thorichthys meeki Brind</p> <p>(Fig. 102, CA)</p> <p>References. Ng et al., 1993 (as Cichlasoma meeki); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b.</p> <p>Distribution. Cluny Road drain (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is not established, and it is regarded as an escapee.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF945E42FEDBFCB4FEE6BA19	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFF945E42FED2F985FC28BEBB.text	564D87BDFF945E42FED2F985FC28BEBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vieja melanura (Gunther 1862)	<div><p>Vieja melanura (Günther)</p> <p>(Fig. 103, CA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012 (as Paratheraps synspilus); Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010 (as Veija synspila); Tan HTW et al., 2010 (as Paratheraps synspila); Kwik et al., 2013 (as Paratheraps synspilum); Ng et al., 2015 (as Paraneetroplus melanurus); Tan, 2015b, 2016c.</p> <p>Distribution. Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Tengah Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Pandan canal (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2010); Pangsua Pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Yishun Pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Bishan Park (Tan, 2015b, 2016c); Marina Reservoir (near Marina Bay Sands; Wozniak S, pers. obs., October 2016); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2002).</p> <p>Remarks. This is likely one of the parent species for the Luohan cichlid.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFF945E42FED2F985FC28BEBB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFAB5E7DFC2AFF39FBD6B83A.text	564D87BDFFAB5E7DFC2AFF39FBD6B83A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachygobius sabanus Inger 1958	<div><p>Brachygobius sabanus Inger</p> <p>(Fig. 107, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Baker &amp; Lim, 2012; Lim &amp; Tan, 2012; Tan et al., 2014; Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015 (as Brachygobius doriae); Ho et al., 2016; Larson et al., 2016; Tan et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Poyan Reservoir (Lim &amp; Tan, 2012); Tengah Reservoir (Lim &amp; Tan, 2012); Kranji Reservoir (Lim &amp; Tan, 2012); Kranji Marsh (Lim &amp; Tan, 2012; Tan et al., 2016); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Lim &amp; Tan, 2012); Banir (Lim &amp; Tan, 2012); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Tan et al., 2014); Sungei Seletar (Ho et al., 2016).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is well-established in Singapore (Larson et al., 2016).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFAB5E7DFC2AFF39FBD6B83A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFAB5E7DFE8CFBABFD35B43F.text	564D87BDFFAB5E7DFE8CFBABFD35B43F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tilapia	<div><p>Red Tilapia</p> <p>(Fig. 106 [SPC])</p> <p>References. Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Lim &amp; Ng, 1992 (as Oreochromis spp. Hybrid); Goh et al., 2002 (as Tilapia hybrid); Tan, 2014a (as Oreochromis hybrid); Tan &amp; Koh, 2017 (as Oreochromis sp.).</p> <p>Distribution. Pulau Ubin HDB quarry (Lim &amp; Ng, 1992); West Coast Park marsh pond (Tan, 2014a), Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Tan &amp; Koh, 2017); Yew Tee canal (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2016); Bishan Park (Andre, pers. obs., October 2016).</p> <p>Remarks. This supposedly sterile hybrid of three species is brightly coloured (pink, orange or platinum) and frequently used for aquaculture (Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Tan &amp; Koh, 2017). The juvenile individuals of this species are commonly sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFAB5E7DFE8CFBABFD35B43F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFAB5E7CFC05FB99FCC2BFFB.text	564D87BDFFAB5E7CFC05FB99FCC2BFFB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhinogobius similis Gill 1859	<div><p>Rhinogobius similis Gill</p> <p>(Fig. 108, EAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. Alfred, 1966a (as Stigmatogobius poicilosoma); Johnson, 1973a, 1973b (as Stigmatogobius poicilosoma); Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Stigmatogobius poecilosoma); Munro, 1990 (as Stigmatogobius poicilosoma); Ng, 1991 (as Stigmatogobius poecilosoma); Lim et al., 1995 (as Rhinogobius cf. giurinus); Subaraj et al., 1995 (as Rhinogobius cf. giurinus); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b (as Rhinogobius giurinus); Larson &amp; Lim, 2005 (as Rhinogobius giurinus); Larson et al., 2008 (as Rhinogobius giurinus); Baker &amp; Lim, 2008, 2012 (as Rhinogobius giurinus); Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010 (as Rhinogobius giurinus); Tan &amp; Lim, 2011 (as Rhinogobius giurinus); Lim et al., 2013 (as Rhinogobius giurinus); Tan, 2014e, 2014g (as Rhinogobius giurinus); Kwik &amp; Yeo, 2015 (as Rhinogobius giurinus); Ho et al., 2016 (as Rhinogobius giurinus); Larson et al., 2016 (as Rhinogobius giurinus); Li et al., 2016 (as Rhinogobius giurinus).</p> <p>Distribution. MacRitchie Reservoir (Munro, 1990); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Munro, 1990; Larson &amp; Lim, 2005; Ng &amp;</p> <p>Lim, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Tan, 2014e, 2014g); Banir (Munro, 1990; Tan, 2014g); MacRitchie Reservoir (Subaraj et al., 1995); Central Catchment Nature Reserve (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Jurong Road area (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Jurong Lake (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Lim et al., 1995; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Murai Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Poyan Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Tengah Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Banir (Tan &amp; Lim, 2011); Kranji Marsh (Lim et al., 2013); Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Ho et al., 2016; Li et al., 2016); Bishan Park (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. Alfred’s (1966a) material of Stigmatogobius poicilosoma consisted of three taxa, viz., Eugnathogobius siamensis, Pseudogobiopsis oligactis (recently rediscovered in Singapore; Tan &amp; Lim, 2011) and Rhinogobius similis (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; Larson et al., 2008, 2016). It is a well-established non-native species in Singapore that was accidentally introduced with fish fry imported from China (Larson et al., 2016).</p> <p>The taxonomic status of R. giurinus was resolved recently and is considered junior to R. similis (Suzuki et al., 2015).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFAB5E7CFC05FB99FCC2BFFB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFAA5E7CFEA9F8CCFBEEB850.text	564D87BDFFAA5E7CFEA9F8CCFBEEB850.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Betta splendens Regan 1910	<div><p>Betta splendens Regan</p> <p>(Fig. 110, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Cantor, 1849 (as Macropodus pugnax); Herre, 1940; Tweedie, 1952; Johnson, 1964; Johnson, 1973a; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Ng et al., 1993 (as B. imbellis); Lever, 1996; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b; National Parks Board, 2003; Tan HH et al., 2010; Tan, 2016b.</p> <p>Distribution. This species had been sighted by Cantor (1849) and subsequently obtained by Herre in 1940 from Mandai area; Sembawang-Nee Soon area (Johnson, 1964, 1973a); Jurong Lake (Johnson, 1973a); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003); Kallang River (now part of Marina Reservoir; Munro, 1990; Tan HH et al., 2010); Kent Ridge Park ponds (Tan, 2016b); Bukit Batok (Ng DJJ, pers. obs., 2018).</p> <p>Remarks. This is a very popular ornamental fish species ubiquitous in aquarium shops, thus its presence in Singapore’s water bodies is not surprising. Recently, this species is commonly sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade, the culled fish being a by-product from selective breeding (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFAA5E7CFEA9F8CCFBEEB850	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFAA5E7CFEFEFB98FDABBAAF.text	564D87BDFFAA5E7CFEFEFB98FDABBAAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helostoma temminckii Cuvier 1829	<div><p>Helostoma temminckii Cuvier</p> <p>(Fig. 109, SEA)</p> <p>References. Ng et al., 1993</p> <p>Distribution. No detailed location provided.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFAA5E7CFEFEFB98FDABBAAF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFAA5E7CFC58FB43FADCBAD9.text	564D87BDFFAA5E7CFC58FB43FADCBAD9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macropodus opercularis (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Macropodus opercularis (Linnaeus)</p> <p>(Fig. 111, EAs[SPC])</p> <p>References. Tan et al., 2013.</p> <p>Distribution. Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is sometimes sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFAA5E7CFC58FB43FADCBAD9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFAA5E7FFC2CF93AFD13B95D.text	564D87BDFFAA5E7FFC2CF93AFD13B95D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Osphronemus goramy Lacepede 1801	<div><p>Osphronemus goramy Lacepède</p> <p>(Fig. 112, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Green, 1928 (as Osphronemus olfax); Smith, 1933 (introduced as early as 1898); Herre &amp; Myers, 1937; Tweedie, 1940; Alfred, 1966a; Johnson, 1973a; Anonymous, 1988a; Lim &amp; Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; National Parks Board, 2003; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010; Chua, 2015; Tan, 2017b.</p> <p>Distribution. Herre &amp; Myers (1937) collected this species from Singapore but did not provide location details. MacRitchie Reservoir (Alfred, 1966a; Anonymous, 1988a; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003); Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Kranji Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2015); Sungei Seletar (Tan, 2017b); Jurong Lake (unpublished data); Bedok Reservoir (unpublished data); Serangoon Reservoir (unpublished data).</p> <p>Remarks. This species is of economic importance as food fish in the Southeast Asian region, but not popular in Singapore. Xanthic and albinio varieties are popular in the ornamental fish trade; some individuals are even tattooed with numbers or coloured patterns on the bodies (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFAA5E7FFC2CF93AFD13B95D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFA95E7FFF17FABEFDCDB9BA.text	564D87BDFFA95E7FFF17FABEFDCDB9BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Osphronemus laticlavius Roberts 1992	<div><p>Osphronemus laticlavius Roberts</p> <p>(Fig. 113, SEA)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFA95E7FFF17FABEFDCDB9BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFA95E7FFC9EFF79FCBABF6E.text	564D87BDFFA95E7FFC9EFF79FCBABF6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphaerichthys osphromenoides Canestrini 1860	<div><p>Sphaerichthys osphromenoides Canestrini</p> <p>(Fig. 114, SEA)</p> <p>References. Boeseman, 1957; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b.</p> <p>Distribution. Not known.</p> <p>Remarks. These records are of individuals that are likely from the ornamental fish trade, not established (Lim &amp; Ng, 1997b).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFA95E7FFC9EFF79FCBABF6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFA95E7FFC21FC4DFB47BAAA.text	564D87BDFFA95E7FFC21FC4DFB47BAAA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichogaster lalius (Hamilton 1822)	<div><p>Trichogaster lalius (Hamilton)</p> <p>(Fig. 115, SAs)</p> <p>References. Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Colisa lalia); Ng et al., 1993 (as Colisa lalia).</p> <p>Distribution. Not known.</p> <p>Remarks. This species is probably from ornamental fish trade, and not established (Lim &amp; Ng, 1990). The females of this species are sometimes sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFA95E7FFC21FC4DFB47BAAA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFA95E7EFC4AF909FD37BEAB.text	564D87BDFFA95E7EFC4AF909FD37BEAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichopodus microlepis (Gunther)	<div><p>Trichopodus microlepis (Günther)</p> <p>(Fig. 116, SEA)</p> <p>References. Anonymous, 1988a (as Trichogaster microlepis);</p> <p>Fig. 113. Osphronemus laticlavius, 72.9 mm SL, trade material. Lim &amp; Ng, 1990 (as Trichogaster microlepis); Ng et al., 1993 (as Trichogaster microlepis); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as</p> <p>References. Lim, 2013b. Trichogaster microlepis); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Trichogaster microlepis); Low &amp; Lim, 2012.</p> <p>Distribution. Singapore Quarry (Lim, 2013b).</p> <p>Distribution. Mandai area (Anonymous, 1988a; Ng &amp; Lim,</p> <p>Remarks. This is a popular species in the ornamental fish 1997a); Jurong area (Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a).</p> <p>trade as it is considered lucky or good for “feng shui” (Lim</p> <p>&amp; Ng, 1990).</p> <p>Ng &amp; Lim, 1992; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Anonymous, 1988a; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a, 1997b); Mandai area (Anonymous, 1988b; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a); Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Lim &amp; Ng, 1992; Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a; National Parks Board, 2003); Kallang River (now part of Marina Reservoir; Tan HH et al., 2010); Kranji Marsh (Tan et al., 2016).</p> <p>Remarks. Regan (1910) described Trichopodus pectoralis based on a series of six specimens from Thailand (Siam) and Singapore, but did not provide more precise locations. This species had apparently been introduced into Singapore in 1898 for aquaculture (Smith, 1933), and is presently sold in local markets, salted and without heads (Tan HH, pers. obs.). Fig. 116. Trichopodus microlepis, 92.6 mm SL, trade material.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFA95E7EFC4AF909FD37BEAB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFA85E7EFC74FA28FAD0BA4B.text	564D87BDFFA85E7EFC74FA28FAD0BA4B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Channa micropeltes (Ng & Lim 1990)	<div><p>Channa micropeltes (Cuvier, in Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes)</p> <p>(Fig. 119A, B, SEA[SPC])</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFA85E7EFC74FA28FAD0BA4B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFA85E7EFEC1FD09FCC2B432.text	564D87BDFFA85E7EFEC1FD09FCC2B432.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichopodus pectoralis Regan 1910	<div><p>Trichopodus pectoralis Regan</p> <p>(Fig. 117, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Hanitsch, 1901, 1904 (as Osphromenus siamensis); Regan, 1910 (described as Trichogaster pectoralis); Smith, 1933 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Herre &amp; Myers, 1937 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Fowler, 1938; Tweedie, 1952 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Alfred, 1961, 1966a (as Trichogaster pectoralis, introduced in 1898); Johnson, 1964 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Johnson, 1973a (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Tan et al., 1987 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Anonymous, 1988a, 1988b (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Chou &amp; Lam, 1989 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Lim &amp; Ng, 1990, 1991, 1992 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Munro, 1990 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Lim, 1991 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Ng &amp; Lim, 1992 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Ng et al., 1993 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Lever, 1996 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997a (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Ng &amp; Lim, 1997b (as Trichogaster pectoralis); National Parks Board, 2003; Yeo &amp; Chia, 2010 (as Trichogaster pectoralis); Tan HH et al., 2010; Low &amp; Lim, 2012; Tan et al., 2016.</p> <p>Distribution. Herre &amp; Myers (1937) obtained 14 specimens from Singapore but did not provide location details; Jurong and Kranji Rivers (Alfred, 1961); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Alfred, 1966a); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Anonymous, 1988a); Seletar area (Munro, 1990); Central Catchment Nature Reserve — Nee Soon Swamp Forest (Lim, 1991;</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFA85E7EFEC1FD09FCC2B432	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFA85E7EFC05FD58FBEEB98B.text	564D87BDFFA85E7EFC05FD58FBEEB98B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichopsis schalleri Ladiges 1962	<div><p>Trichopsis schalleri Ladiges</p> <p>(Fig. 118, SEA[SPC])</p> <p>References. Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010.</p> <p>Distribution. Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH &amp; Tan HH, 2010).</p> <p>Remarks. The source of introduction is not known as this is a rarely-encountered species in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFA85E7EFC05FD58FBEEB98B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFA65E70FF30FA8FFD98BBE8.text	564D87BDFFA65E70FF30FA8FFD98BBE8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chrysichthys auratus (Geoffroy St. Hilaire)	<div><p>Chrysichthys auratus (Geoffroy St. Hilaire)</p> <p>(Fig. 124, AF[SPC])</p> <p>References. Tan, 2019.</p> <p>Distribution. Kallang River (Tan, 2019); Bishan Park (unpublished record).</p> <p>Remarks. This is based on observations (Tan, 2019; Tan &amp; Tay, 2019) and actual specimens. The source of introduction of the specimens is a mystery (Tan, 2019).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFA65E70FF30FA8FFD98BBE8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFA65E70FEE1FDD8FEB5B8EC.text	564D87BDFFA65E70FEE1FDD8FEB5B8EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Horabagrus brachysoma (Gunther 1864)	<div><p>Horabagrus brachysoma (Günther)</p> <p>(Fig. 123, SAs)</p> <p>References. None. This is a new record for Singapore.</p> <p>Distribution. Kranji Reservoir.</p> <p>Remarks. This is an overlooked record which was brought to our attention recently (Raghavan R, pers. comm., February 2020). This species is common in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFA65E70FEE1FDD8FEB5B8EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFA65E70FC06FDDBFBA1B85B.text	564D87BDFFA65E70FC06FDDBFBA1B85B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leporinus fasciatus (Bloch 1794)	<div><p>Leporinus fasciatus (Bloch)</p> <p>(Fig. 125, SA)</p> <p>References. Tan &amp; Tay, 2019.</p> <p>Distribution. Kallang River (Tan &amp; Tay, 2019).</p> <p>Remarks. This is a common ornamental fish, and most likely a discarded pet fish.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFA65E70FC06FDDBFBA1B85B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
564D87BDFFA65E70FC38FB38FAC8BBE5.text	564D87BDFFA65E70FC38FB38FAC8BBE5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mayaheros Rican & Pialek 2016	<div><p>Veija × Mayaheros (?) hybrid</p> <p>(Fig. 126, [SPC])</p> <p>References. None. This is a new record for Singapore.</p> <p>Distribution. Jurong Lake area (Tan HH, pers. obs.).</p> <p>Remarks. This is most likely a hybrid, as all Veija specimens lack the blue iridescent spots on the head.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D87BDFFA65E70FC38FB38FAC8BBE5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Hui, Tan Heok;Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok;Huan, Liew Jia;Wei, Low Bi;Hing, Rayson Lim Bock;Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik;Yeo, Darren C. J.	Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik, Yeo, Darren C. J. (2020): The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 150-195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016
