identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5704190CFF997D69FF0CF9B5FA323069.text	5704190CFF997D69FF0CF9B5FA323069.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum Linnaeus (1763: 1347	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to Peruvian species of  Epidendrum belonging to the Scabrum group,  Soratae subgroup . </p>
            <p>1. Lip clearly 3-lobed .............................................................................................................................................................................2</p>
            <p>- Lip entire to slightly 3-lobed, if 3-lobed the mid-lobe short and incipient ........................................................................................6</p>
            <p>2. Leaves unequal in size, those of primary stem larger than those of branches....................................................................................3</p>
            <p>- Leaves similar in size, those of primary stem equal to those of branches..........................................................................................4</p>
            <p> 3. Sepals with acuminate apex; lip 7–8.4 × 8–10 mm, mid-lobe flabelliform, “T” shaped, with margin entire and prominently apiculate...............................................................................................................................................................  E. chrysomyristicum</p>
            <p> - Sepals with acute apex; lip 4.6–6 × 6.5–8 mm, the mid-lobe rectangular with apex slightly widened and rounded, margin crenate, no apiculate.......................................................................................................................................................................  E. fruticulus</p>
            <p> 4. Plants 12–20 cm tall, much branched; petals 0.3–0.4 mm wide, linear-filiform..............................................................  E. physopus</p>
            <p>- Plants 60–185 cm tall, scarcely branching; petals 1.6–1.8 mm wide, linear-oblanceolate ................................................................5</p>
            <p> 5. Column 7–8 mm long; flowers red-purple with the column and lip yellow dotted with red; mid-lobe of lip rectangular.................. ...................................................................................................................................................................................  E. stictoglossum</p>
            <p> - Column 5 mm long; flowers yellow tinged brown, immaculate; mid-lobe of lip subtriangular.........................................  E. ypsilum</p>
            <p> 6. Lateral sepals strongly reflexed..................................................................................................................................  E. retrosepalum</p>
            <p>- Lateral sepals spreading or partly spreading ......................................................................................................................................7</p>
            <p>7. Flowers red, yellow to ochre yellow ..................................................................................................................................................8</p>
            <p>- Flowers creamy white, green-yellow or pale green..........................................................................................................................13</p>
            <p> 8. Lip cordiform; leaves nearly parallel to stem...............................................................................................................  E. scopulorum</p>
            <p>- Lip transversely orbicular-reniform, ovate to elliptic; leaves spreading to sub-spreading to stem................................................... 9</p>
            <p>9. Lip with margin spreading................................................................................................................................................................12</p>
            <p>- Lip strongly revolute (mainly the apex) ...........................................................................................................................................10</p>
            <p> 10. Flowers carmine-red with yellow disc; petals 8 × 1.5 mm, linear-oblanceolate; calli very small and globose.........  E. jose-alvarezii</p>
            <p>- Flowers ochre-red to green-brown, lip yellow, concolor or spotted red; petals 8–20 mm long, filiform to obtrulliform, calli prominent, laminar or laterally compressed .....................................................................................................................................11</p>
            <p> 11. Petals 8 × 0.3 mm, filiform; calli prominent, laminar ..................................................................................................  E. labrychilum</p>
            <p> - Petals 20 × 4.8–5.3 mm; trullate, base long attenuate; lip 17.5 × 14 mm, entire, narrowly ovate, apex acute............  E. unchogense</p>
            <p>12. Petals 0.3–0.8 mm wide, filiform to linear; lip 3.2–10.2 × 4.5–9 mm, orbicular, orbicular-reniform, narrowly elliptic or transversely elliptic; flowers yellow to ochre, tinged red.....................................................................................................................................24</p>
            <p> - Petals 1 mm wide, linear; lip 4–7 × 6–10.2 mm, reniform; flower carmine red or orange, concolor..................................  E. ardens</p>
            <p>13. Lateral sepals 18 mm long, apex strongly concave; ovary strongly arched with a very prominent vesicle along apical half............. ................................................................................................................................................................................................... E. sp.1</p>
            <p>- Lateral sepals 3.7–16 mm long, concave to convex; ovary not arched, with short or elongate vesicle...........................................14</p>
            <p> 14. Lip entire, sub-orbicular; petals 15 × 4 mm; flowers doted purple black at apex of column and disc of the lip ....  E. yanachagaënse</p>
            <p>- Lip bilobed, to slightly 3-lobed or sub-entire; petals 4–12 × 0.5–1.5 mm; flowers immaculate .....................................................15</p>
            <p>15. Sepals 12–15 mm long .....................................................................................................................................................................16</p>
            <p>- Sepals 3.7–8.7 mm long ...................................................................................................................................................................17</p>
            <p> 16. Flowers emerald green; lip bilobed (hexagonal in general shape), widely mucronate; calli laminar, strongly divaricate .................. ........................................................................................................................................................................................  E. cardenasii</p>
            <p> - Flowers green-yellow; lip slightly 3-lobed (reniform in general outline), mid-lobe shorter than lateral lobes, apex truncate; calli fleshy, somewhat laterally compressed ................................................................................................................................  E. llatasii</p>
            <p>17. Lip sub-triangular, base cuneate; callus very prominent.......................................................................................................... E. sp. 2</p>
            <p>- Lip reniform, base cordate; calli small .............................................................................................................................................18</p>
            <p>18. Flowers white or creamy yellow ......................................................................................................................................................19</p>
            <p>- Flowers pale green or green brown ..................................................................................................................................................21</p>
            <p> 19. Sepals 7.8–8.0 mm long; lip slightly 3-lobed widely apiculate at apex .....................................................................  E. monteagudoi</p>
            <p>- Sepals 3.7–5.0 mm long; lip entire, reniform, without any triangular apiculus at apex...................................................................20</p>
            <p> 20. Flowers creamy-yellow; lip with base clearly and deeply cordate at base; leaves 0.7–2.5 cm long, the apex rounded and bilobed .. ......................................................................................................................................................................................  E. carpishense</p>
            <p> - Flowers white; lip with base slightly cordate; leaves 0.3–1.7 cm long, apex obtuse, not bilobed ...................................  E. moscozoi</p>
            <p> 21. Leaves up to 1.7 cm long, linear-lanceolate with apex truncate; inflorescence two-flowered; lip with margin erose ........................ ...........................................................................................................................................................................................  E. leonorae</p>
            <p>- Leaves up to 4.7 cm long, lanceolate, apex obtuse to sub-acute; inflorescence with 8–12 flowers; lip with margin entire to undulate ............................................................................................................................................................................................22</p>
            <p>22. Lip with apex clearly emarginate; leaves 3.6–4.7 × 0.4–0.8 cm; lip 4.6–6.5 × 8.0– 8.2 mm ...........................................................23</p>
            <p> - Lip with apex slightly emarginate; leaves 2.0–2.5 × 1.0– 1.5 cm; lip 4 × 6 mm ...........................................................  E. centralense</p>
            <p> 23. Sepals 6.8–7.0 mm long, obovate-elliptic; apex of lip bidentate; ovary with a prominently inflated vesicle from the middle of column to apex of ovary......................................................................................................................................................  E. soratae</p>
            <p> - Sepals 8.0– 8.5 mm long, obovate, oblanceolate; apex of lip slightly bilobed; ovary with a small, incipient vesicle behind lateral sepals ................................................................................................................................................................................  E. obliquum</p>
            <p>24. Column abruptly constricted near base or thin at base and widened at apex; margin of sepals spreading ......................................25</p>
            <p> - Column constricted near apex; margin of sepals revolute...........................................................................................  E. vesicolumna</p>
            <p> 25. Lateral sepals 12.0– 12.5 mm long, strongly falcate, lip 10.2 × 6.3 mm, narrowly elliptic, base truncate...................  E. ovatilabium</p>
            <p>- Lateral sepals 5.5–8 mm long, occasionally oblique but not falcate; labellum 3.2–8 × 4.5–6 mm, orbicular to orbicular-reniform with base cordate ..............................................................................................................................................................................26</p>
            <p> 26. Flowers yellow; column thin at base, gradually wider towards apex, apex arching downwards...............................  E. yasgolgaënse</p>
            <p> - Flowers ochraceous, somewhat tinged red; column strongly constricted at base, apex arched upwards ..............  E. constricolumna</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF997D69FF0CF9B5FA323069	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF9A7D66FF0CF945FC4B3774.text	5704190CFF9A7D66FF0CF945FC4B3774.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum ardens Kraenzl 1906	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 1.  Epidendrum ardens Kraenzl (1906: 526) . (Figure 4A) </p>
            <p> Type:—  PERU. Cusco: Weg von  Cusco nach  Santa Ana , 3300–3400 m, A. Weberbauer 4978 (holotype B, destroyed: Photo: AMES! F! MO! NY! SEL! lectotype selected by Santiago &amp; Hágsater 2009: HBG. Photo at AMO! NY!) </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, in the departments of Apurimac, Cusco, Huancavelica and Junín. This species is distributed in the eastern cordillera of the Andes in central and southern Peru.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum ardens is distinguished by having leaves 1.8–3.4 × 0.6–1.2 cm, lanceolate and recurvate, the inflorescence densely many flowered, flowers in bright orange or scarlet red, rarely yellow or red-brown sepals and petals partly spreading and lip spreading, reniform with erose margin. Vegetatively could be confused with  E. jose-alvarezii but that species has the sepals spreading and the petals descendent and hidden behind the lip, the lip slightly 3-lobed and revolute. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient. Listed in CITES appendix II and at national level it has been suggested as Vulnerable.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—   PERU. Apurimac: Prov. Andahuaylas, Piscobamba ó  Piacobamba , 10 January 1947, C  .  Vargas 6418, (CUZ x2!) .  Huancavelica: Tayacaja, Anexo Llihuampampa, 3000–3200 m, 17 October 2010, L. E .  Egoavil 8, (HOXA!) —  Junín: Parianhunca, 3700–3800 m, 5 August 1974, O .   Tovar 7215, (USM!). See Santiago &amp; Hágsater 2009: t. 1206,  Epidendrum ardens in Hágsater &amp; Sánchez (2009)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF9A7D66FF0CF945FC4B3774	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF957D66FF0CFE7FFC1A3224.text	5704190CFF957D66FF0CFE7FFC1A3224.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum cardenasii Hagsater	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 2.  Epidendrum cardenasii Hágsater , (1999: t. 320). (Figure 4B) </p>
            <p> Type:—   BOLIVIA. Cochabamba: Ayopaya,  Sailapata , 3500 m, November 1935, Martín Cardenas Hermosa 3301 (holotype AMES! isotype: AMO!) </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru and Bolivia. In Peru it is found in the departments of Ayacucho, Cusco, Pasco and San Martin, along the eastern slope of the Andes. The species has a wide latitudinal distribution, from northern Peru to Bolivia, but its records show populations with an apparently fragmented distribution, although it is very likely that there are still unreported populations in the intermediate zones.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum cardenasii is distinguished the green, concolor flowers which turn yellow as they age, the leaves 1.6–5.1 × 0.3–0.7 cm, narrowly lanceolate, apex acute, the lateral sepals 11.2–13 mm long, the lip 8–10 × 10–12.5 cm, entire, hexagonal in outline, the calli prominent, laminar, divaricate. It has been confused in herbarium specimens with  Epidendrum obliquum which is distinguished by the dorsal sepal 8 mm long, the lip 4.6 × 8 mm, reniform. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient. As most orchids, listed in CITES appendix II.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—   PERU. Ayacucho: Prov. La Mar,  Chungui , 6 June 2020, Nadi s.n., digital image, (AMO!)  —   Cusco: Prov. Urubamba: Santuario Histórico de Machu Picchu y  Camino Inca , 14 December 1987, P  .   Núñez 8320, (MO! USM!)  —   Pasco: Prov. Oxapampa; Distr. Huancabamba;  Comunidad Campesina Santa Barbara 3420–3510 m, 16 August 2005, C  .   Arias 464, (HOXA! MO!)  —-   San Martín: Prov. Rioja, Distr. Pardo Miguel,  Venceremos , 2103 m, 15 November 2021, J  .   D.  Edquén 5247, digital images, (AMO!)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF957D66FF0CFE7FFC1A3224	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF957D66FF0CFB8FFD2933D0.text	5704190CFF957D66FF0CFB8FFD2933D0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum carpishense Hagsater, D. Trujillo	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 3.  Epidendrum carpishense Hágsater, D.Trujillo &amp; E. Santiago, (2009: t. 1215). (Figure 4C). </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. Huánuco:  Cumbre Carpish , 2183 m, 25 December 2002, D. Trujillo 78 (holotype: HURP!) </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, currently known only for the department of Huánuco.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum carpishense is morphologically similar to  E. obliquum , but is distinguished by having nonresupinate flowers, 3–4 (vs. resupinate, 4–6), the lip with a truncated apex with an irregular margin, 3.5 × 5.5 mm (vs. apex emarginate, 4.6 × 8 mm), the column arched, constricted in the middle, 4.5 mm long (vs. thin, straight, 7 mm long), and the ovary strongly inflated ventrally from the middle of the column to behind the perianth, 15 mm long (vs. somewhat inflated 10–15 mm long). </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF957D66FF0CFB8FFD2933D0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF957D63FF0CFA13FBCD3471.text	5704190CFF957D63FF0CFA13FBCD3471.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum centralense	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 4.  Epidendrum centralense E. Santiago, Hágsater, H.R.Quispe et Llacua,  sp. nov. (Figure 5) </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. Junín: Huancayo Province, Santo Domingo de Acobamba District;  Callanca locality, 3950 m, humid high elevation  Andean Forest , epiphyte on  Polylepis canoi , collected 06 November 2021, pressed 04 December 2021, H. R. Quispe 128 (holotype: HOXA! barcode: 080097) (LCDP &amp; photo voucher)  . </p>
            <p> S imilar to  Epidendrum soratae but the leaves 2.0–2.5 × 1.0– 1.4 cm with the apex obtuse (vs. leaves 1.7–4.7 × 0.4– 0.8 cm with the apex sub-acute to acute), flowers green-brown with irregular red brown tinge (vs. flowers greenish yellow), the dorsal sepal oblong (vs. dorsal sepal narrowly ovate), the petals linear-oblanceolate (vs. petals linear), the column thin at the base with the cuniculus slightly inflated behind the perianth (vs. column progressively inflated at the base due to the prominent cuniculus clearly inflated on both sides of perianth), the cuniculus forming a small vesicle in pedicel (vs. cuniculus forming a prominent vesicle in pedicel), and the lip apex truncate (vs. lip with emarginate apex). (Figure 6). </p>
            <p>Description:— Epiphytic, erect to arching, monopodial, branching herb, ca. 48 cm tall. Roots 2–4 mm in diameter, from base of primary stem. Stems branching, cane-like, terete, thin; primary stem 12.5–16.5 × 0.3 cm; branches 8–16 × 0.2–0.3 cm; upper stems produced from a sub-apical internode of previous stem. Leaves 7 on primary stem, 4–6 on branches, distributed throughout stems, alternate, articulate, spreading with respect to stem, slightly arched, medium green, concolor; sheath 1.0 × 0.6–0.9 cm, tubular, striated and somewhat infundibuliform when dry; blade 2.0–2.5 × 1.0– 1.4 cm, lanceolate, obtuse, minutely apiculate, coriaceous, margin entire. Spathe lacking. Inflorescence 3.5 cm long (including flowers), apical, racemose, arching-nutant, flowers successive, densely few–flowered; peduncle 1.0– 1.2 cm long, laterally compressed, rachis slightly laterally compressed. Floral bracts 0.4–1.1 × 0.1–0.2 cm, half-length of ovary, except for lower bract which is considerably larger, narrowly triangular-lanceolate, acuminate, green with irregular red-brown dots, apex red-brown. Ovary 11 mm long, terete, thin, not inflated, slightly striated, spotted green to purple-brown. Flowers 8–12, successive, opening from base towards apex of inflorescence, resupinate, greenish brown with irregular red brown tinge, column turning yellow with age; fragrance not registered. Sepals spreading, free, apex obtuse, 3-veined, margin entire; dorsal sepal 5.6 × 2.1 mm, spatulate, apiculate, margin entire, slightly revolute; lateral sepals 6.3–6.6 × 2.7–2.9 mm, elliptic, apiculate, with a very prominent dorsal keel, margins entire, spreading. Petals 4.7–5.0 × 0.5–0.7 mm, spreading, free, linear-oblanceolate, 1-veined, margin entire, slightly revolute in basal half. Lip 3.6 × 6 mm, adnate to column, sub-entire, transversely reniform in outline, base cordate, apex obtuse, minutely emarginate, margins entire; bicallose, calli small, obovoid, parallel, 1.0 × 0.8 mm, separated by a thick mid-rib extending to apex of lip. Column 4.5 mm long, base thin, apex slightly dilated. Clinandrium-hood short, entire margin. Rostellum apical, split; viscarium semi-liquid. Lateral lobes of stigma small, occupying 1/3 length of stigmatic cavity. Cuniculus shallow, penetrating ovary just behind perianth, slightly inflated forming a short, incipient vesicle. Anther transversely ellipsoid, apex emarginate, front papillose, yellow, 4-celled. Pollinia 4, obovoid, laterally compressed; caudicles soft and granulose, twice as long as pollinia. Capsule 2.5–3.0 × 0.7–0.9 cm; pedicel 4 mm long, conical; body 1.0–1.7 × 0.7–0.9 cm, ellipsoid; apical neck 0.4–0.8 × 0.15 cm, thin. Finally, flowering time is in November.</p>
            <p> Distribution and ecology: —Known presently only from the type, from central Peru, Department of Junín, in the upper part of the locality of Callanca. Located in the eastern mountain range of the central Peruvian Andes, within a humid forest dominated by  Polylepis canoi and  Polylepis argentea T.Boza &amp; H.R.Quispe (2019: 327) . The environment is a typical high elevation Andean ecosystem surrounded by a matrix of grassland, lagoons and occasional snow, with the presence of other genera such as  Gynoxys Cass. (1827: 455) ,  Buddleja L. (1753a: 112), and  Lupinus L. (1753b: 721), at 3950 m elevation. (Figure 7). </p>
            <p>Etymology: —The epithet name refers to the department of Junín, located in the central region of Peru, where the species has been collected.</p>
            <p> Notes: —Comparisons were made with the species of the subgroup that grow in Junín, as well as closely related species comparing with the type material of  E. fruticulus Schltr. (1921: 84) ,  E. physopus Kraenzl. (1905: 87) ,  E. monteagudoi Hágsater &amp; E. Santiago (2013: t. 1459),  E. jose-alvarezii Hágsater, Gut.Peralta &amp; Nauray (2015: t. 1531) and  E. soratae Rchb.f. (1878b: 24) (images of type and live material at MO and USM, as well as descriptions); these species being most similar to the new species.  Epidendrum fruticulus has yellow flowers, the lateral sepals red-brown, and the lip deeply 3-lobed.  Epidendrum physopus has green to yellow-green flowers, the lip deeply 3- lobed.  Epidendrum monteagudoi has cream colored flowers, sometimes with vinaceous spots, and the lip is shallowly 3-lobed, the mid-lobe small, widely triangular, obtuse.  Epidendrum jose-alvarezii has carmine-red flowers, the lip transversely reniform, with lateral lobes dolabriform-orbicular, with the mid-lobe incipient, emarginate.  Epidendrum soratae is the most similar species and is discussed in the diagnosis. </p>
            <p> Conservation Status:—  DD. Data deficient. Known presently only from the type . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF957D63FF0CFA13FBCD3471	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF907D63FF0CFD73FC8A3398.text	5704190CFF907D63FF0CFD73FC8A3398.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum chrysomyristicum Hagsater	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 5.  Epidendrum chrysomyristicum Hágsater &amp; E. Santiago, (2005: t. 723). (Figure 4D). </p>
            <p> Type:—  PERU. Cusco: La Convención; near Camp 7, ca 28 km walking distance NE from Hacienda Luisiana and the  Apurimac  River , 3400, 17 July 1968, T. R. Dudley 11213 (holotype: F! isotypes MO! USM!) </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, in the departments of Ayacucho, Cusco and Pasco. The species is distributed in the eastern cordillera of the Andes in central and southern Peru.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum chrysomyristicum is morphologically similar to  E. fruticulus , but is distinguished by having leaves with the blade lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, margin entire (vs. blade oblong to ovate, margin crenulate towards the apex), 7 flowers, bright golden yellow to slightly red, very fragrant (vs. 8–12 flowers, yellow, without fragrance), lateral sepals aristate, with a prominent dorsal keel, 7-veined (vs. ventral margin involute, with a crenulate dorsal keel, 3-veined), the lip with mid-lobe widely “T” shaped, with a cuneate isthmus and narrow perpendicular lobes, the apex widely apiculate, margin entire (vs. mid-lobe nearly as long as the laterals, rectangular at the base, the apex widened and rounded, the apex sub-emarginate, margin entire at the base, crenulate above). </p>
            <p>It is the only species in the subgroup known to have flowering events throughout the year.</p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient, but it is listed in CITES appendix II and at national level has been suggested as Vulnerable.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—  PERU. Ayacucho: La Mar: Between Tambo San Miguel and Ayna and Hacienda Luisiana, 3400–3600 m, 24 August 1968, Dudley 12037, MO ! —  Cusco: La Convención: Distr. Santa Teresa: Illaspay, Yerbabuenayoc, 3800 m, 24 October 2005, I .  Huamantupa 7079, (MO! SEL! USM!) —  Pasco: Parte alta de Santa Marta, 3489 m, 30 April 2021, J .   D. Edquén 5030, digital images, (AMO!). See Santiago, Hágsater &amp;  Edquén ,  Epidendrum chrysomyristicum in Hágsater &amp; Santiago (2022: t. 1909)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF907D63FF0CFD73FC8A3398	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF907D63FF0CFA4BFF4C314C.text	5704190CFF907D63FF0CFA4BFF4C314C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum constricolumna Hagsater, Chocce	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 6.  Epidendrum constricolumna Hágsater, Chocce &amp; E. Santiago, (2009: t. 1226). (Figure 4E). </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. Amazonas: Prov. Bongará, Corosha, cerca al área de conservación  Hierba Buena-Allpayacu , 2720 m, 24 September 2008, M  .   Chocce 4782 (Holotype: USM!) </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, in the departments of Amazonas and La Libertad. The species is distributed in the eastern cordillera of the Andes in northeast Peru, with a relatively wide elevation range (1400 m).</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum constricolumna is similar to  E. ovatilabium , but is distinguished by the orbicular lip, (vs. narrowly elliptic lip), the 3–4 flowers, (vs. 4–8 flowers), and the sepals 8 mm long, oblong-elliptic, oblique (vs. sepals 12–12.5 mm long, oblong-oblanceolate, strongly falcate). </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens: —   PERU. La Libertad:  Pataz , 3250 m, 23 May 1961, A  .   López 3471, (AMES! (pro-parte) HUT!) </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF907D63FF0CFA4BFF4C314C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF907D62FF0CF867FDE434BD.text	5704190CFF907D62FF0CF867FDE434BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum fruticulus Schltr. 1921	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 7.  Epidendrum fruticulus Schltr. (1921: 84) . (Figure 4F). </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. Junín: Berge westlich von Huacapistana, 3000–3100 m, January 1903, A.  Weberbauer 2053 (holotype: B, destroyed). neotype: F! designated by Hágsater &amp; Santiago, 2009: t. 1248  ,   PERU. Pasco: Paucartambo on road to Yaupi, 3600 m, 20 February 1965, D. E.  Bennett Jr. 1415, isoneotypes: AMES! UC x2! USM!) </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru and Bolivia. In Peru it is found in the departments of Junín, Pasco, Puno and San Martín. The species is distributed in the eastern cordillera of the Andes from north to south, is one of the species with the largest number of records, and has a wide altitudinal distribution range, being the species with the lowest elevation record.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum fruticulus is morphologically similar to  E. chrysomyristicum , but is distinguished by the tall plants, the short, oblong to ovate, rounded, bilobed leaves, a short, sub-erect inflorescence, the deeply 3-lobed lip, the mid-lobe rectangular, widened and rounded and the apex, which is somewhat emarginate, the linear petals and 9 mm long sepals (Santiago &amp; Hágsater in Hágsater &amp; Sánchez Saldaña 2009: t. 1248).  Epidendrum chrysomyristicum has leaves lanceolate or narrowly elliptic with a sub-acute apex and the lip 3-lobed with the mid-lobe “T” shaped with a prominent apiculus. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient, but it is listed in CITES appendix II and at national level has been suggested as Vulnerable.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—   PERU. San Martín: Prov. Rioja: Distr. Pardo Miguel:  Venceremos , 1772 m, 9 October 1921, J  .  D. Edquén 5222, (KUELAP!) —  Pasco: Paucartambo on road to Yaupi, 3600 m, 20 February 1965, D. E .  Bennett Jr. 1415. (F! (illustration, AMO) AMES! UC x2! USM!) —  Puno: a 6 km del pueblo de Chía, 3390 m, 09 September 2017, H .  Trinidad 4180, (USM!) . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF907D62FF0CF867FDE434BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF917D62FF0CFD37FF6A3277.text	5704190CFF917D62FF0CFD37FF6A3277.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum jose-alvarezii Hagsater, Gut. Peralta & Nauray	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 8.  Epidendrum jose-alvarezii Hágsater, Gut.Peralta &amp; Nauray , (2015: t. 1531). (Figure 8A). </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. Junín: Prov. Satipo, Distr. Pampa Hermosa; Anexo Calabaza,  Tramo Calabaza-Toldopampa , 3231 m, 23 November 2013, Y  .   Gutiérrez OJSYGU 190 (holotype: USM! isotype: MOL!)  . </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, in the department of Junín. The species is known only from central Peru, in the eastern cordillera of the Andes, in humid montane forests.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum jose-alvarezii is similar to  E. ardens but is easily recognized by the carmine red lip with the disc yellow (vs. flowers concolor from scarlet red or orange to rarely yellow or red brown), the sepals spreading (vs. sepals partly spreading, nearly parallel to the column), petals linear-oblanceolate, descending, hidden behind the lip (vs. petals linear, partly spreading, nearly parallel to the column), and the lip sub-3-lobed (vs. lip entire). </p>
            <p> Conservation Status:—  DD. Data Deficient. Since the type collection in 2013, no new collections have been recorded . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF917D62FF0CFD37FF6A3277	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF917D62FF0CFB79FF6A3098.text	5704190CFF917D62FF0CFB79FF6A3098.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum labrychilum Hagsater, Edquen	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 9.  Epidendrum labrychilum Hágsater, Edquén &amp; E. Santiago, (2019: t. 1730). (Figure 9C). </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. San Martín: Prov. Rioja; Distrito Pardo Miguel Naranjos, Sector Venceremos,  Bosque de Protección Alto Mayo , 1780 m, 07 February 2018, J  .  D. Edquén 400 (holotype: HURP!) . </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru in the department of San Martín. The species is known only from the northern region of Peru, in a wet montane forest.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum labrychilum is recognized by its leaves 1.3-5 × 0.4-0.6 cm, linear-lanceolate dark green to wine-red-brown, the flowers ochre-red with ochre-yellow lip, the lateral sepals 9 mm long and obliquely attached to the base of the column, the petals 8 × 0.3 mm, filiform, and the lip 3-lobed, reflexed to the column and with the margin strongly revolute in the apical half. It is similar to  E. vesicolumna but this species has ovate lanceolate green leaves with red-green abaxial surface; the flowers ochre-yellow with red veins, the lateral sepals 11 mm long, and the lip transversely elliptic and convex. </p>
            <p> Conservation Status:—  DD. Data Deficient. Since the type collection in 2019, no new collections have been recorded . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF917D62FF0CFB79FF6A3098	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF917D7FFF0CF948FBF436C4.text	5704190CFF917D7FFF0CF948FBF436C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum leonorae Hagsater, O. Perez	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 10.  Epidendrum leonorae Hágsater, O.Pérez &amp; E. Santiago, (2013: t. 1448). (Figure 8B). </p>
            <p> Type:—   COLOMBIA. Valle del Cauca, Yumbo:  Dapa , 2000 m, 02 December 2010, O. A  .   Pérez &amp; J  .   González 1000 (holotype: VALLE!)  . </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Colombia and Peru. In Peru it is found in the department of Huánuco. There is a wide geographical space without records between the populations of both countries; possibly one of the species with the widest range but more records are needed. In Peru it is present in secondary cloud forest.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum leonorae is similar to  E. moscozoi but has leaves with truncate, minutely bilobed and apiculate apex, the flowers light green with petals tinged slightly pink, dorsal sepal extended and the column straight (vs. leaves with obtuse, non-bilobed apex, the flowers white with reflexed dorsal sepal, column strongly arched upwards). </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data Deficient.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—   PERU. Huánuco: Chinchao, San Pedro de Carpish, borde de la carretera antigua dirección a  Concejos , 2755 m, 18 February 2007, D. Trujillo 354, digital image, (AMO!) </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF917D7FFF0CF948FBF436C4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF8C7D7FFF0CFEEFFD8E34E0.text	5704190CFF8C7D7FFF0CFEEFFD8E34E0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum llatasii Hagsater, A. G. Diaz	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 11.  Epidendrum llatasii Hágsater, A.G.Diaz &amp; E. Santiago, (2018: t. 1679). (Figure 9D) </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. Lambayeque: Prov. Terreñafe, Distr. Kañaris,  Cordillera de Mamaqpampa , 3081 m, 27 October 2017, A  .  Díaz 83 (holotype: HUT!) . </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru in the departments of Lambayeque, Cajamarca, Huánuco and Junín. The species is recorded from the central and northwestern Peruvian Andes. Found in montane and seasonally humid forests.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum llatasii is similar to  E. monteagudoi and is recognized by the elliptic leaves, the flowers greenish yellow, the sepals 12–15 mm long, the margins revolute and the lip strongly revolute (vs. leaves linear-lanceolate, flowers cream colored, and the sepals 7.8–8. mm long). </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data Deficient.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—   PERU. Cajamarca: Prov. Chota, Distr. Conchán, comunidad Yantavo, próximo a  Laguna Tijeraconga , 2900 m, 29 October 2016, J  .  D. Edquén s.n., digital image, (AMO!) —  Huánuco: near Pillao, 3080 m 26 November 2013, S .  Dalstr ̂m 3675, digital image, (AMO!) —   Junín: Prov. Tarma, Dist. Palca, Carpapata, 2421 m,  Morón s.n., digital image, (AMO!)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF8C7D7FFF0CFEEFFD8E34E0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF8C7D7FFF0CFCC3FB5A32D4.text	5704190CFF8C7D7FFF0CFCC3FB5A32D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum monteagudoi Hagsater	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 12.  Epidendrum monteagudoi Hágsater &amp; E. Santiago, (2013: t. 1459). (Figure 8C). </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. Pasco: Oxapampa, Distr. Huancabamba, sector Milpo, parte alta camino a  Santa Barbara , zona de amortiguamiento del parque  Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén , 3000 m, 01 February 2005, A  .   Monteagudo 8058 (holotype: MO! isotype: USM)  . </p>
            <p>Distribution: — Peru, in the departments of Junín and Pasco. Present in the eastern cordillera of the central Peruvian Andes, near the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum monteagudoi is similar to  E. llatasii , but is recognized by the linear-lanceolate leaves, the flowers cream colored, the sepals 7.8–8 mm long, and the ovary with a prominent, inflated vesicle (vs. leaves elliptic, flowers greenish yellow, sepals 12–15 mm long, with the margins revolute, and the ovary with the vesicle thin and barely noticeable).. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data Deficient.</p>
            <p>Examined specimens:— PERU. Junín: Junín-Tarma (Huasa-Huasi), C. Hayek 308, (USM!)</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF8C7D7FFF0CFCC3FB5A32D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF8C7D7FFF0CFB1FFDC030F0.text	5704190CFF8C7D7FFF0CFB1FFDC030F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum moscozoi Hagsater	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 13.  Epidendrum moscozoi Hágsater &amp; E. Santiago, (2009: t. 1266). (Figure 8D). </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. Cusco:  Paucartambo , entre Bs. Aires y Morro Leguía-Cosñipata, 2300 m, D. Moscozo 902 (holotype: MO!) </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, in the departments of Cusco and Apurimac. Present only in the central and eastern Cordillera of the Andes in southern Peru.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum moscozoi is recognized by the leaves 0.3–1.7 cm long, linear-lanceolate, apex obtuse, the flowers white, the dorsal sepal 4 mm long, reflexed and parallel to the ovary, and the column strongly arched upwards with respect to the ovary. When first described it was compared to  E. obliquum , but that species has leaves 2–4 cm long, and the dorsal sepal 8 mm long, spreading, not parallel to the ovary with the column straight. It is better compared to  E. leonorae which also has small leaves, but the apex is truncate and bilobed, the flowers pale green with the petals slightly tinged pink, the dorsal sepal spreading and the column straight. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data Deficient.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—   PERU. Apurimac: Prov. Abancay, Dist. Tamburco,  Santuario Nacional de Ampay , 3490 m, 17 April 2015, V  .  Zúñiga 176, (USM!) </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF8C7D7FFF0CFB1FFDC030F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF8C7D7EFF0CF8F3FD2B37AC.text	5704190CFF8C7D7EFF0CF8F3FD2B37AC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum obliquum Schltr. 1912	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 14.  Epidendrum obliquum Schltr. (1912: 457) (Figure 8E) </p>
            <p> Type:—   BOLIVIA.  Nor Yungas , Unduavi, 3200 m, November 1910, O. Buchtien 2619, (holotype: B. destroyed. lectotype: US! isotypes AMES x2! L! LY!)  See Santiago &amp; Hágsater,  Epidendrum obliquum in Hágsater &amp; Sánchez 2006: 8: t. 862. </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru and Bolivia. In Peru it is found in the departments of Cusco and Pasco, present only in the eastern cordillera of the Andes from central to southern Peru; the other records are from Bolivia, although it is quite possible that there are populations in intermediate areas. At present there are only isolated records of the species.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum obliquum is recognized by the leaves 2–4 cm long, narrowly lanceolate, apex sub-acute, the flowers green, the sepals 8–8.5 mm long, with the margins revolute, and the lip 4.6 × 8 mm, reniform, the apex emarginate. Vegetatively it is similar to  E. soratae but that species has flowers somewhat smaller, the sepals 6–7 mm, and the lip reniform with the apex slightly 3-lobed. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient, but it is listed in CITES appendix II.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—  PERU. Pasco: Prov. Oxapampa, Distr. Huancabamba. Milpo, 2950–3100 m, 01 November 2009, van der Werff 23009. (HOXA! USM!) —   Cusco: Calca. Dist. Lares, Choquecancha,  Azulcocha , 3823 m, 17 February 2005, L  . Valenzuela 4961, (SEL!) </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF8C7D7EFF0CF8F3FD2B37AC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF8D7D7EFF0CFE07FCC835B4.text	5704190CFF8D7D7EFF0CFE07FCC835B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum ovatilabium Hagsater, E.	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 15.  Epidendrum ovatilabium Hágsater, E. Santiago et Edquén, (2022: t. 1930:). (Figure 9E). </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. Amazonas: Prov. Chachapoyas: Distr. Granada, comunidad campesina de Diosán, sector  Canchi , 3100 m, 22 October 2018, J  .  D. Edquén 816, (holotype: HURP!)</p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, in the departments of Amazonas and San Martín. Known only from northern Peru, within the Alto Mayo protection forest, inhabiting humid montane ecosystems.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum ovatilabium is similar to  E. constricolumna but is distinguished by the narrowly elliptic lip (vs. orbicular lip), the 4–8 flowers (vs.3–4 flowers), and the sepals 12–12.5 mm long, oblong-oblanceolate, strongly falcate (vs. 8 mm long, oblong-elliptic, oblique). It is also similar to  E. vesicolumna , but that species has the lip transversely elliptic, the sepals oblique but not falcate, and the column constricted near the apex. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—   PERU. San Martín: Rioja: Distr. Pardo Miguel Naranjos: sector  Venceremos , 2711 m, 22 December 2019, J  .  D. Edquén 2311, (digital images, AMO!)</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF8D7D7EFF0CFE07FCC835B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF8D7D7EFF0CFC3FFEF43040.text	5704190CFF8D7D7EFF0CFC3FFEF43040.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum physopus Kraenzl. 1905	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 16.  Epidendrum physopus Kraenzl. (1905: 87) . (Figure 8F). </p>
            <p> Type: —  PERU. Junín: Tarma: Prov. Chanchamayo, Berge von Yanangu, östlich von Huacapistana, A. Weberbauer 2121, (holotype: HBG, isotype B, destroyed, photo AMES! F! NY! SEL!)</p>
            <p>  Heterotypic synonyms:  Epidendrum trimeroglossum Schltr. (1920: 153) .  Type : COLOMBIA: Cauca, 2600 m, M  .   Madero s.n. (Holotype: B, destroyed; sketch of flower published in Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 57: nr. 209. 1929; AMES 36091!)  . </p>
            <p> 
Epidendrum schneideri 
Hágsater , (2001: t. 484). Type: COLOMBIA:  Páramo von Bogotá, 3000–3100 m, 17 July 1944, M.   Schneider 281. (holotype: S! isotypes: COL x2!) </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru and Colombia. In Peru it is found in the department of Junín. It is a species of which only isolated records are known from Peru and Colombia, however, it is to be expected that there are many other intermediate populations, being a species with a wide range of distribution.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum physopus is recognized by the small plants, 12–20 cm tall, the leaves 1.2–3 cm, linear-lanceolate, the sepals 6–8 mm long, and the lip 3-lobed with the lateral lobes obliquely semi-ovate and the mid-lobe narrowly triangular with the margin erose. In the  Soratae subgroup few species have a 3-lobed lip;  E. fruticulus and  E. chrysomyristicum have clearly 3-lobed lips, but the plants are around 2 m tall, the flowers larger, the sepals 10–13 mm long, and the margins of the lip entire. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient.As most orchids, listed in CITES appendix II, and categorized as VU at the national level.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF8D7D7EFF0CFC3FFEF43040	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF8D7D7DFF0CF963FC4136C4.text	5704190CFF8D7D7DFF0CF963FC4136C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum retrosepalum Hagsater, Ric. Fernandez	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 17.  Epidendrum retrosepalum Hágsater, Ric.Fernández &amp; E. Santiago (2009: t. 1285). (Figure 10A). </p>
            <p> Type:—  PERU. Cusco: Prov. Quispicanchi, alrededores de Marcapata, 2630–2700 m, 13 September 1984, R . Fernández G.  487, (holotype: USM! isotype: AMO!)</p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru and Colombia. In Peru it is found in the department of Cusco and Huancavelica. Found in the central and south-eastern Peruvian Andes, in humid montane forests. The Huancavelica record is near the AmaruHuachocolpa-Chihuana Cloud Forest Regional Conservation Area.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum retrosepalum is recognized by the leaves 1.3–2 cm long, green and concolor, ovatelanceolate, apex acute, the sepals 7 mm long, reflexed, triangular, acute, and the lip orbicular with the margin crenulate. Vegetatively it is similar to  E. oscar-perezii but that species has leaves 2.0– 3.2 cm long, adaxially tinged intense purple with the surface rugose, the lateral sepals elliptic, obtuse, and the lip with the margin entire. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:   Type:— PERU. Huancavelica: Prov. Tayacaja, Distr. Huachocolpa,  Bosque de Amaru y </p>
            <p> Chihuana, 29 September 2010, B . Collantes M. s.n., (digital image, AMO!). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF8D7D7DFF0CF963FC4136C4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF8E7D7DFF0CFEEFFE1E34CC.text	5704190CFF8E7D7DFF0CFEEFFE1E34CC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum scopulorum Rchb. f. 1878	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 18.  Epidendrum scopulorum Rchb.f., (1878a: 23) . (Figure 10B). </p>
            <p> Type:—   BOLIVIA. La Paz: Lacarejá, vicniis  Sorata , 3200 m, January–March 1860, G. Mandon 1137, (lectotype: W! isolectotypes: AMES! G x2! K! NY! P x3! S! W x3!) See Santiago &amp; Hágsater,  Epidendrum scopulorum in Hágsater &amp; Sánchez 2009: t. 1291  . </p>
            <p>Distribution: — Bolivia and Peru in the department of Puno. In Peru it is found near Lake Titicaca, the other records are for Bolivia.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum scopulorum is recognized by the lanceolate, erect leaves, nearly parallel to the stems, the flowers violet-purple,the sepals 9mm long, the lip cordiform, obtuse, and the calli parallel.  Epidendrum cartilaginiflorum is similar leaves in size and position, but the sepals are 15–16 mm long, the lip cordiform, apex rounded, and the calli divaricate. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient. As most orchids, listed in CITES appendix II.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—   PERU. Puno:  Ollachea-Macusani , 3850 m, 21 November 2010, S  .   Dalstr ̂m 3381, digital image, (AMO!) </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF8E7D7DFF0CFEEFFE1E34CC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF8E7D7DFF0CFCE7FCC833F4.text	5704190CFF8E7D7DFF0CFCE7FCC833F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum soratae Rchb. f. 1878	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 19.  Epidendrum soratae Rchb.f., (1878b: 24) . (Figure 10C). </p>
            <p> Type:—   BOLIVIA.  Lacarejá : close to Sorata, monte Chilieca, 2700–3100 m, G. Mandón 1138. (holotype: W, isotypes. AMES! BR! G x2! K! NY! P x3! S! W x2!) </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, Colombia and Bolivia. In Peru it is found in the departments of Apurimac, Cusco, Huancavelica and Junín. It is the most widely distributed species within the whole subgroup, however, its altitudinal range is very restricted, and it can be considered a high Andean species. Records for Peru are found mainly in the central and southern region of the Andes Mountain range. It inhabits wet montane forests.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum soratae was the first species of the subgroup described, together with  E. scopulorum , and is recognized by the small plants, the branching stems, the leaves lanceolate, sub-acute, very short inflorescences, the sepals 6.8–7 mm, and the lip reniform and slightly 3-lobed, with the mid-lobe short and slightly bilobed. Due to the vegetative architecture many species have been confused with  E. soratae . Today we know that the floral analysis of the species of this subgroup is essential to determine the correct identification.  Epidendrum scopulorum was collected in a locality and similar elevation as  E. soratae , but that species has sepals 9 mm long and the lip is cordiform with the apex obtuse. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient. As most orchids, listed in CITES appendix II.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—   PERU. Apurimac: Prov. Andahuaylas, Dist. Pacobamba, localidad de Ccerabamba,  Bosque de Chinchay , 3718 m, 17 May 2015,  Zuñiga 292, (USM!)  —   Cusco: Prov. Pillahuata, Tres Cruces, upper edge of  Parque Nacional de Manu , 1–13 km NW of Paucartambo-Pilcopata Rd, 3330–3500 m, 29 June 1978, A. Gentry 23454, (F! MO! SEL!)  —  Huancavelica: Inquilpata, 2900 m, 15 June 2022, R. Suárez 3036, (USM!) —  Junín: Curimarca, 3500 m, 28 March 2018, Quispe-Melgar s.n., (digital image, AMO!) . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF8E7D7DFF0CFCE7FCC833F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF8E7D7DFF0CF9FFFF723E10.text	5704190CFF8E7D7DFF0CF9FFFF723E10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum stictoglossum Hagsater & D. Trujillo	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 20.  Epidendrum stictoglossum Hágsater &amp; D.Trujillo , (2007: t. 992). (Figure 10D) </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. Ancash: Prov. Yungay, Huascarán National Park, Quebrada Yanapaccha, a lateral of  Quebrada Ranincuray , 3700–3840 m, 19 April 1985, Smith 10479, (holotype: USM! isotypes: CPUN! HUT! MO!)  . </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, in the departments of Ancash and La Libertad. Restricted to the northwestern region of the Peruvian Andes, including records within the Huascarán National Park, in semi-humid environments at elevations above 3500 m.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum stictoglossum is recognized by the plants to 130 cm tall, the leaves linear, erect and parallel to stems, the flowers yellow tinged purple, the lip 3-lobed with purple-red dots, and the sepals 9–12 mm long.  Epidendrum ypsilum is vegetatively similar, but the flowers are yellow with scarce red dots, the sepals 6.2–8 mm long, and the mid-lobe sub-triangular with the apex emarginate. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient. As most orchids, listed in CITES appendix II.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—   PERU. La Libertad: Prov. Pataz,  Chihualen , 3550 m, 28 January 1996, Villalobos 23, (MOL!)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF8E7D7DFF0CF9FFFF723E10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF887D7BFF0CFF7BFD2937E4.text	5704190CFF887D7BFF0CFF7BFD2937E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum unchogense Ocupa	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 21.  Epidendrum unchogense Ocupa &amp; E. Santiago (2022: 274). (Figure 9A). </p>
            <p>  Type:— PERU. Huánuco: Churubamba District,  
Carpish 
Montane Montane Forest
Regional
 Conservation Area,  Unchog Forest , 2817 m, 07 March 2022, L  .   Ocupa 003, (holotype: USM)  . </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, in the department of Huánuco. Restricted only to the type in the department of Huánuco, within the Carpish Montane Forest Regional Conservation Area, inhabiting montane rainforests.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum unchogense has a vegetative habit that places it undoubtedly in the  Soratae subgroup , but the flowers are quite different. It is easily recognized by the sepals 20–23 mm long, the petals trullate, parallel to the column, and the lip narrowly ovate with acute apex. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF887D7BFF0CFF7BFD2937E4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF887D7BFF0CFDCFFCA13200.text	5704190CFF887D7BFF0CFDCFFCA13200.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum vesicolumna Hagsater, E.	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 22.  Epidendrum vesicolumna Hágsater, E. Santiago &amp; Edquén, (2022b: t. 1944). (Figure 9F). </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. Pasco: Oxapampa, Distr. Huancabamba, Sector Santa Barbara. Camino a  Huayllar , 3479 m, 28 November 2006, L  .   Cardenas 923. (holotype: HOXA! isotypes: CUZ! MO! USM!) </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, in the departments of Pasco and San Martín. The species inhabits the humid montane forests of the eastern cordillera of the Peruvian Andes, only two records are known at different elevations, so it is possible that the species has a wider range.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum vesicolumna is similar to  E. constricolumna but is distinguished by the oblanceolate sepals with margins revolute (vs. sepals oblong with spreading margin), the lip transversely elliptic with the apex prominently apiculate (vs. lip orbicular, apex rounded), and the column constricted near the apex and arched downwards (vs. column constricted near the base and arched upwards). </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—   PERU. San Martín: Rioja: Distr. Pardo Miguel Naranjos: sector  Venceremos , 2098 m, 15 October 2021, J  .  D. Edquén 5248, (digital images, AMO!)</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF887D7BFF0CFDCFFCA13200	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF887D7BFF0CFBA3FD293008.text	5704190CFF887D7BFF0CFBA3FD293008.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum yanachagaense Hagsater	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 23.  Epidendrum yanachagaënse Hágsater , (2010: t. 1400). (Figure 10E). </p>
            <p> Type: — PERU. Pasco: Huancabamba: Santa Barbara, 1 km al E de la Escuela, zona de amortiguamiento del Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén, 3390–3420 m, 29 January 2005, E .  Ortiz 2454, (holotype: MO!)</p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru in the department of Pasco. The only known record of the type is from central Peru on the eastern slopes of the Andes.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum yanachagaënse is recognized by the leaves, 0.8–4 × 0.9–1.3 cm, ovate-elliptic, the flowers green with purple black spots at the apex of the column and lip, the sepals 15-16 mm long, elliptic, the petals 15 × 4 mm, oblanceolate and falcate, and the lip sub-orbicular and convex in natural position. Florally it is different from other species of the  Soratae subgroup , but very similar to  E. erosum which belongs to the Cernuum group and is endemic to Colombia and has leaves 2–10.5 × 0.7–1.9 cm, lanceolate-oblong to narrowly elliptic, the sepals 10–12 mm long and the petals 9–11.5 mm, linear-oblanceolate, not falcate. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF887D7BFF0CFBA3FD293008	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF887D7BFF0CF9DBFBA23E34.text	5704190CFF887D7BFF0CF9DBFBA23E34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum yasgolgaense Hagsater, Edquen, Salas Guerr.	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 24.  
Epidendrum yasgolgaënse 
Hágsater, Edquén, Salas Guerr. &amp; E. Santiago, (2018: t. 1700). (Figure 9B). Type:— PERU. Amazonas: Chachapoyas, Distr. Granada,  Comunidad Campesina de Diosán , 07 March 2018, 3200 m, J. D. Edquén 715, </p>
            <p> (  holotype: HURP!) . </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru and Ecuador. In Peru it is found in the department of Amazonas. The species occurs in northern Peru and southern Ecuador, in the eastern cordillera of the Andes, inhabiting wet montane forests.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum yasgolgaënse is recognized by the leaves 2.1–4 × 0.3–0.6 cm, spreading with respect to the stem, lanceolate, acute, the sepals 6–7.5 mm long, narrowly obovate, the petals 5–6 × 7–8 mm, linear, and the lip 3.2–5 × 4.5–6 mm, orbicular-reniform with the margin hyaline and erose.  Epidendrum ardens has leaves 1.8–3.4 × 0.6–1.2 cm, the sepals 10–11 mm long, partly spreading, and nearly parallel to the column, and the lip 6.5–7 × 9.5–10.2 mm, reniform. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—   PERU. Amazonas: Chachapoyas, Distr. Granada,  Comunidad Campesina de Diosán , 07 March 2018, 3200 m, J  .  D. Edquén 716, (HURP!) Ibid. J .  D. Edquén 717, (HURP!) . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF887D7BFF0CF9DBFBA23E34	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF897D7AFF0CFD73FD033224.text	5704190CFF897D7AFF0CFD73FD033224.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum undefined-1	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 26.  Epidendrum sp. 1 . </p>
            <p>  Type:— PERU. San Martín: Rioja: Distr. Pardo Miguel Naranjos: sector  Venceremos , 1800 m, 23 September 2021, J  .  D. Edquén 5220, (digital images, AMO!) . </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, in the departments of San Martín and Huancavelica. The species has two separate records, San Martín (northern Peru) and Huancavelica (central Peru), both of which are found within the eastern Andes in wet montane forests.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum sp. 1 is an unpublished species, so we provide no further details of the morphological characteristics that distinguish the species other than those given in the taxonomic key. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient.</p>
            <p>Examined specimens:— PERU. Huancavelica: Tayacaja, Distr: Huachocolpa: inmediaciones de Bosque Amaru, 1999, León s.n., (Collantes 2014: 149, Fig. 67).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF897D7AFF0CFD73FD033224	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF897D7AFF0CFB8FFD2D3008.text	5704190CFF897D7AFF0CFB8FFD2D3008.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum undefined-2	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 27.  Epidendrum sp. 2 . </p>
            <p>  Type:— PERU. San Martín: Rioja, Distr. Pardo Miguel,  Venceremos , 1826 m, 25 September 2021, J  .  D. Edquén 5221, (digital images, AMO!) —  Pasco: Oxapampa: Distr. Huancabamba, parte alta de Santa Marta, 3489 m, 17 July 2021 J .  D. Edquén 2089, (digital images, AMO!)</p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, in the department of San Martín and Pasco. The species has two separate records, San Martín (northern Peru) and Pasco (central Peru), both of which are found within the eastern Andes in wet montane forests.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum sp. 2 is an unpublished species, so we provide no further details of the morphological characteristics that distinguish the species other than those given in the taxonomic key. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens:—  PERU. Pasco: Oxapampa: Distr. Huancabamba, parte alta de Santa Marta, 3489 m, 17 July 2021, Edquén 2089, (digital images, AMO!) . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF897D7AFF0CFB8FFD2D3008	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
5704190CFF897D7AFF0CFF7BFD483470.text	5704190CFF897D7AFF0CFF7BFD483470.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epidendrum ypsilum Hagsater	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 25.  Epidendrum ypsilum Hágsater &amp; E. Santiago, (2006: t. 900). (Figure 10F). </p>
            <p> Type:—   PERU. Amazonas: Prov. Chachapoyas: middle eastern Calla Calla sloptes, near km 415–418 of  Leimebamba–Balsas road, 2900– 3150 m, 20 August 1962, J  . Wurdack 1735, (holotype:  US! isotype: USM!) . </p>
            <p>Distribution:— Peru, in the department of Amazonas. The species is restricted to the eastern slopes of the Andes in wet montane forests.</p>
            <p> Notes:—  Epidendrum ypsilum is recognized by its ca. 2 m high plants, with narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate leaves, the greenish yellow flowers with sparse wine-colored maculae, the lip with short, radiating wine-colored lines, and the sepals 6.2-7 mm long. In the subgroup Soratae there are 2 species of similar size:  E. chrysomyristicum and  E. fruticulus , but these species have slightly larger flowers with immaculate sepals, 9-13 mm long. </p>
            <p>Conservation Status:— DD. Data deficient. As most orchids, listed in CITES appendix II.</p>
            <p> Examined specimens: —  PERU. Abra Barro Negro, carretera de Celedín hacia Leimebamba, Cordillera Calla Calla, 3424 m, 6 October 2020, Ocupa 269 (HUT!) . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5704190CFF897D7AFF0CFF7BFD483470	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth;Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani;Hágsater, Eric	Quispe-Melgar, Harold Rusbelth, Llacua-Tineo, Elizabeth Santiago Ayala Yashira Stefani, Hágsater, Eric (2023): Synopsis of the Peruvian species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) belonging to the Scabrum group, subgroup Soratae: diversity and description of a new species. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.1
