taxonID	type	description	language	source
577887E6FF94FFCC69065F31FADE30DC.taxon	description	1 a Postpetiolar sternite anterolaterally with a rounded lobiform protrusion on each side which clearly elevates above the level of median surface of sternite; the surface of the sternite thus appearing deeply concave in frontal view (Fig. 5). Mesosoma not stout (ratio ML / MH> 2.2); dorsal mesomal profile not humpbacked, instead it is feebly convex with a metanotal depression – if the latter is absent, then dorsal profile rather linear; ratio SPBA / CS <0.314. C. wroughtonii group. ............................................ 2 1 b Character combination different ................................... ................................... remaining species of Cardiocondyla 2 a Scape extremely short (SL / CL <0.68), metanotal depression shallow (MGR / CS <1.7 %), Propodeal spines very short (SP / CS <0.140) (Figs 6 – 15). With all measurements in mm discriminant 50.34 * SL - 65.693 * CL + 109.51 * SP + 144.86 * MGR + 4.0 <0 [error 0 % in 9 specimens] .................................................... 3 2 b Scape longer (SL / CL> 0.68), metanotal depression distinct (MGR / CS> 1.7 %), Propodealspineslonger (SP / CS> 0.140). Discriminant> 0 [error 0 % in 249 specimens] ..... .................................................................................................. 4 3 a Whole dorsum of gaster blackish brown, microsculpture on first gaster tergite stronger (Fig. 9). Africa: Ghana, Ivory Coast, Niger (Figs 6 – 10) ................ ....................................................................................... yoruba 3 b All body parts yellowish or yellowish-brown, microsculpture on first gaster tergite weaker (Fig. 15). Arabian Penisula (Figs 11 – 15) .................................. yemeni 4 a Frontal carinae not or only slightly diverging frontad (FL / FR 1.000 - 1.053), head shorter (CL / CW 1.069 - 1.174), pubescence on 1 st gaster tergite more dilute. With sqPDG as square root µm and all other measurement in mm, discriminant 2.516 * sqPDG + 164.09 * FRS + 134.91 * PeW - 100.7 * PPW- 84.76 * PeH - 13.25> 0 [error 0 % in 256 workers]. Species with Orientalic-Australasian origin, but two are widely distributed as tramp species. .............. 5 4 b Frontal carinae diverging frontad (FL / FR 1.050 - 1.106), head longer (CL / CW 1.145 - 1.253), pubescence on 1 st gaster tergite more dilute. Discriminant <0 [error 0 % in 15 workers]. Species with African origin. ..................................................................... 9 5 a Very small (CS 366 µm), Scape index larger (SL / CL 0.791). Paramedian and lateral areas of vertex with densely-arranged, deeply impressed, flat-bottomed and very large foveae of 19 – 23 µm diameter. The largest foveolae show a well-demarcated central ring of 8 – 9 µm diameter which is connected with the outer ring through 2 – 4 very fine microcarinulae in 90 ° cross-wire arrangement, such suggesting a four-leaf clover; in the smaller foveolae the number of microcarinulae may be reduced. Propodeal spines long and thin, rather steep, in profile deviating from longitudinal mesosomal axis by 43 °. Petiole in profile with almost linear (only slightly concave) anterior face. Brunei (Figs 16 – 18). .............. nana 5 b Larger (CS 361 - 470), Scape index smaller (SL / CL 0.682 - 0.785). Paramedian and lateral vertex with more simple foveolae which are often smaller. Propodeal spines less erect. Concavity of anterior petiolar face deaper. ......................................................... 6 6 a Postpetiole massive (PpH / CS 0.348 – 0.361). Foveolae on paramedian vertex regular but not densely packed, the interspaces between foveolae delicately longitudinally striate (Fig. 22). With all measurements in mm, discriminant 150.24 * PpH - 126.77 * CW + 167.57 * FRS + 9.0> 0 [error 0 % in 4 workers] Papua New Guinea (Figs 19 – 22). ...................... ................................................................................. allonivalis 6 b Postpetiole less massive (PpH / CS 0.268 – 0.341). Foveolae on paramedian vertex either densely packed and regular or difficult to discern, then more resembling smaller and larger meshes of reticular sculpture. Discriminant <0 [error 0 % in 232 workers]. .................... 7 7 a Anterior pronotum in dorsal view with well-developed shoulders (Fig. 23 B). Sculpture on head and mesoma very irregular, sculpture on head more resembling a reticulum with smaller and larger meshes, clear foveolae difficult to discern (Fig. 27). India (Figs 24 – 27). ....................................................... shagrinata 7 a Anterior pronotum in dorsal view rounded, without shoulders (Fig. 23 B). Sculpture on head with clear and regular, densely packed foveolae (Figs 31, 35). .................. 8 8 a With all measurements in mm, discriminant 152.2 * PpW- 63.79 * PoOc- 152.2 * EYE + 83.64 * SL- 65.39 * FRS- 100.37 * SP- 10.35 <0 [error 3.9 % in 142 worker individuals and 0 % in 51 nest samples with at least two workers]. Note: color type 1 of wroughtonii, with the whole ant entirely light yellowish except for a diffuse brown band in the posterior half of 1 st gaster tergite is not known in obscurior, but color type 2 with entirely dark or blackish brown gaster tergite, typical for obscurior, also occurs in 24 % of the wroughtonii samples. (Figs 28 – 31). Cosmopolitan tramp species. .................................................. wroughtonii 8 b Discriminant> 0 [error 3.9 % in 91 worker individuals and 0 % in 33 nest samples with at least two workers]. Color type 1 seems to be absent in this species (Figs 32 – 35). Cosmopolitan tramp species. ................. obscurior 9 a First gaster tergite with strongly developed microreticulum and dense pubescence (Fig. 40). Scape very short (SL / CS <0.737), postocular distance smaller (PoOC / CL <0.432), petiole wide (PeW / CS> 0.285). Sculpture on all body parts stronger. South Africa (Figs 36 – 40). .......................................................... sp. SPIT 9 b First gaster tergite with a very delicate microreticulum and less dense pubescence (Fig. 48). Scape longer (SL / CS> 0.737), postocular distance larger (PoOC / CL> 0.432), petiole narrower (PeW / CS <0.285). Sculpture on all body parts weaker. ................................... ................................................................................................ 10 10 a Dorsal profile of mesosoma rather linear, metanotal depression very weak (Fig. 42). Distance of spine bases large (SPBA / CS 0.296). Cameroun (Figs 41 – 43). ............ ..................................................................................... weserka 10 b Dorsal profile of promesonotum and propodeum convex, metanotal depression distinct. Distance of spine bases smaller. ...................................................................... 11 11 a Frontal carinae less strongly diverging FL / FR <1.087. Spine base distance smaller (SPBA / CS <0.256). Ivory Coast (Figs 44 – 48). .......................... heinzei n. sp. 11 b Frontal carinae more strongly diverging FL / FR> 1.087. Spine base distance larger (SPBA / CS> 0.256). Ghana (Figs 49 – 51). ................................................. neferka	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF9EFFC56B545BCAFA2436CB.taxon	description	This taxon has been described in workers and a gyne based on material from Somalia: Ducca Abruzzi, leg. G. Paoli & A. Chiaromonte, October 1926. Types were not investigated. The synonymization supposed here follows Bolton (1982) who, however, had no safe key character at hand to separate C. wroughtonii from C. obscurior. Hence, this taxon is a junior synonym of either species.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF9EFFC56B545881FAE537A3.taxon	description	This taxon has been described from Java. Investigated were 5 worker syntypes labelled ‘ Tjibodas, Java Karavaiev \ 5377. Coll. Karavaievi \ Cardiocondyla longispina Karav. Typus’; IZ Kiev. The type workers are allocated to the C. wroughtonii cluster with p = 0.9997 if run as wild-card in a LDA (for details see below).	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF9EFFC568CF5FACFD7A328C.taxon	description	This taxon has been described from Singapore. Investigated were 2 gyne and 3 worker syntypes labelled ‘ Singapore H. Overbeck’ and ‘ Cardiocondyla wroughtonii For quadraticeps For’, ZM Berlin. The type workers are allocated to the C. wroughtonii cluster with p = 0.9995 if run as wild-card in a LDA (for details see below).	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF9EFFC568CF5D44FBD13512.taxon	description	Investigated were 5 worker and 1 gyne syntype labelled ‘ Karashisho Silvestri \ Wm. M. Wheeler \ Cotypes var. bimaculata Wheeler \ M. C. Z. Cotype 1 - 3 20746 ’, MCZ Cambridge. The type workers are allocated to the C. wroughtonii cluster with p = 0.9986 if run as wild-card in a LDA (for details see below).	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF9EFFDA6B545E59FBFD33C9.taxon	description	Okinawa / Japan 3 worker paratypes from the same sample as holotype: ‘ Ada, Okinawa-jima Okinawa Pref. 12. VI. 1991 K. Yamauchi leg. ’ and ‘ Cardiocondyla yamauchii Terayama, 1999, Paratype’, SMN Goerlitz. The type workers are allocated to the C. wroughtonii cluster with p = 0.9958 if run as wild-card in a LDA (for details see below).	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF9EFFDA6B545E59FBFD33C9.taxon	materials_examined	All material examined. Numeric phenotypical data were available in 64 samples (51 nest samples and 17 single-specimen stray samples) with 140 workers. For details see supplementary information SI 1, SI 2. Excluding single-specimen samples with unclear separation from C. obscurior, this material originated from Australia (10 samples), Brunei (1), the Comores (1), Egypt (1), Hawaii (4), India (1), Indonesia (7), Japan (3), Kenia (1), Malaysia (13), Mauritius (3), Nepal (1), Philippines (5), Papua New Guinea (2), Singapore (1), Sri Lanka (1), Taiwan (1), Tanzania (1), Tailand (4), USA (5). Geographic range. As a tramp species of putatively Southeast Asian origin this species is widely distributed over the tropical regions of the world. However, it has not been confirmed so far for South and Central America where C. obscurior is found. Occurrence in buildings in the temperate zone is so far not verified by voucher specimens.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF9EFFDA6B545E59FBFD33C9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: -- Worker (Tab. 1, Figs 28 – 31, key). Very small and slightly smaller than obscurior, CS 410 µm. Head short, CL / CW 1.120. Anterocentral clypeal margin straight or slightly notched; central occipital margin usually straight or with a very weak concavity. Postocular distance large, PoOc / CL 0.440. Frons broad (FRS / CS 0.272), frontal carinae caudal of FRS level parallel (FL / FR 1.008). Eye medium-sized, EYE / CS 0.233. Scape slightly shorter than in obscurior, SL / CS 0.772. Promesonotal plane in dorsal view without ‘ shoulders’ due to a strongly convex frontal margin and rather straight lateral margins (Fig. 23 A). Metanotal groove in lateral view deep (MGr / CS 3.65 %) and usually with steep anterior and posterior slopes. Propodeal spines longer than in obscurior (SP / CS 0.193) and their bases more approached (SPBA / CS 0.278). Petiole narrower and slightly lower than in obscurior (PeW / CS 0.277, PeH / CS 0.328), Axis of petiolar peduncle in lateral aspect deviating by 30 ° from the longitudinal axis of the petiole node. Postpetiole narrower and lower than in obscurior (PpW / CS 0.437, PpH / CS 0.303), the sternite anterolaterally with a rounded lobiform protrusion on each side which clearly elevates above the level of median surface of sternite; the surface of the sternite thus appearing deeply concave in frontal view. Whole head and mesosoma without any notable rugosity. Paramedian and lateral vertex with deep (sometimes shallower) foveolae of 17 – 21 µm diameter which are frequently arranged in dense honey-comb arrangement and show an inner elevation around the hair bases of 6 – 9 µm diameter (Fig. 31); median vertex with slightly smaller and weaker foveolae, occasionally weakly foveolate-carinulate. Whole surface of mesosoma and waist densely foveolate-reticulate, the meshes with lower diameters than on vertex (Figs 29, 30). Pubescence on first gaster tergite moderately long and dilute (PLG / CS 6.3 %, sqPDG 5.05). Color dimorphism. Light morph (76 % of samples): whole ant entirely light yellowish except for a diffuse brown band in the posterior half of 1 st gaster tergite; this band may be interrupted in the centre to form 2 separated lateral patches (as seen in Wheeler´s var. bimaculata), PigG 1 9.5 ± 8.2 [0, 45] % n = 108. Dark morph (24 % of samples): Head, mesosoma, waist, and appendages light yellowish brown; funicular club blackish brown; 1 st gaster tergite and sternite dark brown, the following segments substantially lighter, PigG 1 86.8 ± 19.1 [55, 100] %, n = 34. Taxonomic comments and clustering results. C. wroughtonii is extremely similar to C. obscurior and the occurrence of a dark morph in wroughtonii restricts the use of pigmentation for species separation. Species hypotheses were formed in 84 samples of both species with 205 worker individuals under exclusion of single-specimen samples. In the first step of analysis, the 15 characters CS, CL / CW, PoOc / CL, SL / CS, EYE / CS, FRS / CS, SPBA / CS, SP / CS, PeW / CS, PeH / CS, PPW / CS, PpH / CS, MGr / CS, sqPDG and PLG / CS were run in the exploratory data analyses NC-Ward, NC-NMDS. kmeans and PCA. Hypotheses were fixed in the controlling LDA when the classifications in the three exploratory data analyses coincided whereas samples with controversial classification were run as wild-cards. In the next run of the LDA the corrected classifications were accepted but now the type samples were run as wild-cards. The posterior probabilities for allocation to the C. wroughtonii cluster were 1.0000 in the types of wroughtonii, 0.9999 in the type of hawaiensis, 0.9997 in the types of longispina, 0.9995 in the types of quadraticeps, 0.9984 in the types of bimaculata and 0.9958 in the types of yamauchii. The posterior probabilities for allocation to the C. obscurior cluster were 0.9993 in the neotype series of obscurior and 0.9992 in the types of bicolor. As a third step, a stepwise character reduction to CS, CL / CW, SL / CS, EYE / CS, FRS / CS, SP / CS and PPW / CS was performed. This increased the agreement of the exploratory data analyses with the final species hypothesis determined by the controlling LDA to 96.4 % in NC-Ward, 98.8 % in NC-NMDS. kmeans, 98.8 % in NC-part. kmeans (Fig. 52) and to 98.8 % and in the PCA (Fig. 53). This is a mean error in four forms of analysis of only 1.8 %. In laboratory experiments, males of C. obscurior and gynes of C. wroughtonii produced hybrids but the opposite mating combination so far not (K. Yamauchi pers. comm. 2000). Hybridisation is supposed to be rare or absent under natural conditions as concluded from the strong separation of the clusters. However, the available sample size, in particular the low number of 2.4 workers per sample, makes assessment of hybridization frequency difficult. There is so far only one suggestion on a possible hybridization: the only sample of obscurior with a gaster pigmentation corresponding to light morph of wroughtonii (SaNo 1072 Singapore) was allocated to the obscurior cluster with p = 0.9456 if run as a wild-card in a LDA of the reduced 7 - characters data set and was placed by the PCA in a marginal position (Fig. 53). It was found under the bark of a tree in 1.50 m height which supports the determination by the LDA.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF9EFFDA6B545E59FBFD33C9.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. In contrast to its sibling species C. obscurior, it was reported to nest near to or on the ground; it was found in hollow stems of dead Eulalia grasses (Okinawa), in a dead twig on the ground (New Orleans / USA), between layers of Eugenia jambolana leaves (India), in litter (Sulawesi), and ‘ under leaves in a silk patch’ (Tanzania). Nest populations are polygynous and adopt alien queens. There is polyphenism showing winged and wingless (ergatoid) males. The wingless males have sickle-shaped mandibles used to kill male callows or pupae whereas they besmear adult rivals with a secretion that elicits worker aggression.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF83FFD868B55B6CFB1B364F.taxon	description	The species has been described from Taiwan (Formosa). The three gynes from the MCZ collection, investigated by Seifert (2003) and labelled by Wheeler ‘ Kagi, Formosa 11.1.1927 R. Takahashi Wm. M. Wheeler \ Cotypes \ var. obscurior Wheeler’ cannot be considered as genuine type material. These gynes were the basis of a second description, published 7 March 1930 (Wheeler 1930). Wheeler’s first description, published 22 October 1929, was based upon one worker and a headless dealate queen collected at Eisei / Formosa (Wheeler 1929). These specimens were not available from MCZ Cambridge and are believed to be lost. Seifert (2003) used Wheeler’s statements on the extent of dark gaster pigmentation to conclude on the identity of obscurior. However the material gathered since then showed that the extent of pigmentation typical for obscurior (PigG 1> 75 %) also occurs in 17 % of the wroughtonii workers. It is therefore not advisable to use of pigmentation for species discrimination and / or interpretation of original descriptions. After Seifert (2003) provided measures for separation of the two species, a lot of publications recognizing the heterospecificity were released (Schrempf & Heinze 2006; Cremer et al. 2012, Bressan et al. 2015, Schrader et al. 2015, Klein et al. 2016 a, Klein et al. 2016 b, Heinze 2017, Oettler et al. 2018, Ün et al. 2021, Schultner et al. 2023). As we have a tradition for the correct use of the name obscurior and in order to safe a stable nomenclature, a neotype fixation is reasonable. Accordingly, a neotype was fixed in the top specimen of a pin with three workers labelled ‘ JAP: 26.59 ° N, 127.98 ° E Okinawa Isl. Nago leg. Yamauchi 2003.06.03 - K-Nago’. Depository: SMN Görlitz. The neotype sample is allocated to the C. obscurior cluster with p = 0.9993 if run as wild-card in a LDA (see above).	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF83FFD96B325804FB3936CB.taxon	description	This taxon was described from Israel. Investigated was the worker holotype labelled ‘ Palestine: Drs. D. Scheinkin & J. Carmin B. M. 1930 - 163 \ On Ficus sycamore \ bicolor Donisthorpe \ Type « and one worker paratype labelled ‘ Palestine: Drs. D. Scheinkin & J. Carmin B. M. 1930 - 163 \ On Ficus sycamore \ bicolor Donis. \ Cotype’. Depository: BMNH London. The type sample is allocated to the C. obscurior cluster with p = 0.9992 if run as wild-card in a LDA (see above).	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF83FFD96B325804FB3936CB.taxon	materials_examined	All material examined. Numeric phenotypical data were available in 43 samples (35 nest samples and 9 single-specimen stray samples) with 93 workers. For details see supplementary information SI 1, SI 2. Excluding single-specimen samples with unclear separation from C. wroughtonii, this material originated from Brasil (3 samples), Bermuda (1), Ecuador (2), Germany (3), Hawaii (2), India (1), Israel (1), Japan (10), Micronesia (1), Puerto Rico (2), Seychelles (5) Singapore (1), Spain (5), USA (4) Geographic range. As a tramp species of putatively Southeast Asian origin this species is, like wroughtonii, widely distributed over the tropical regions of the Old and New World. However, with exception of a finding from Singapore, there are no verified vouchers from the Indo- Malayan and Australasian regions where C. wroughtonii is dominant. It has also been found in buildings in the temperate zone (Germany).	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF83FFD96B325804FB3936CB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: -- Worker (Tab. 1, Figs 32 – 35, key). Very small and slightly larger than wroughtonii, CS 430 µm. Head short, CL / CW 1.111. Anterocentral clypeal margin straight or slightly notched; central occipital margin usually straight or with a very weak concavity. Postocular distance large, PoOc / CL 0.435. Frons broad (FRS / CS 0.268), frontal carinae caudal of FRS level parallel (FL / FR 1.011). Eye medium-sized, EYE / CS 0.229. Scape short and slightly longer than in wroughtonii, SL / CS 0.772. Metanotal groove in lateral view deep (MGr / CS 3.65 %) and usually with steep anterior and posterior slopes. Promesonotal plane in dorsal view without ‘ shoulders’ due to a strongly convex frontal margin and rather straight lateral margins (Fig. 34). Propodeal spines shorter than in wroughtonii (SP / CS 0.185) and their bases less approached (SPBA / CS 0.292). Petiole wider and slightly higher than in wroughtonii (PeW / CS 0.292, PeH / CS 0.338), axis of petiolar peduncle in lateral aspect deviating by 30 ° from the longitudinal axis of the petiole node. Postpetiole wider and higher than in wroughtonii (PpW / CS 0.459, PpH / CS 0.314), the sternite anterolaterally with a rounded lobiform protrusion on each side which clearly elevates above the level of median surface of sternite; the surface of the sternite thus appearing deeply concave in frontal view. Sculpture on head, mesosoma and waist similar to wroughtonii. Pubescence on first gaster tergite moderately long and dilute (PLG / CS 6.2 %, sqPDG 5.13). The dark color morph, which resembles the dark color morp of wroughtonii, is found in 98 % of the samples – one sample, possibly hybrids, showed a pattern similar to the light color morph of wroughtonii. Taxonomic comments. The morphological separation from C. wroughtonii is described above.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF83FFD96B325804FB3936CB.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. In contrast to C. wroughtonii, C. obscurior was reported to nest in cavities of bushes and trees 2 – 5 m above the ground level; it was found in dead twigs of trees such as Erythrina variegata (Okinawa), in dwarf coconuts (Brazil), galls of Acacia trees (Brazil), between crippled-curled leaves of a Citrus tree (Brasil), in a dead twig on a tree (Florida), on a Ficus tree (Israel), in the gall of a Tamarix bush (Israel), below the bark of strong trees (Tenerife) and in the cavity of a coconut high in the tree (Zanzibar). Demography and behavior of nest populations as well as male polyphenism and behavior are the same as in C. wroughtoni (Heinze 2017). Errbii et al. (2021) have shown that populations of Cardiocondyla obscurior belong to two distinct lineages, a lineage so far only found in Latin America and a more cosmopolitan Old World lineage. A strong genetic differentiation of these lineages began latest 40,000 generations ago but introgression from the Old World lineage is a dominant source of genetic diversity in the Latin America lineage and is likely to contribute to the adaptive potential of the Latin America lineage. The lineages are infected by different Wolbachia strains, one causing cytoplasmic incompatibility (Ün et al. 2021).	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF82FFDE6B54591EFE2C37E5.taxon	description	This taxon has been described from India. Investigated was the holotype worker labelled by Forel ‘ C. Wroughtonii Forel € South Konkan (Wroughton) I / 10 ’, MZ Lausanne; and two 2 paratype workers with the same labelling; SMN Görlitz.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF82FFDE6B54591EFE2C37E5.taxon	materials_examined	All material examined. Only the type series is known. Geographic range. The type locality is situated at 16.42 ° N, 73.390 ° E and 100 m a. s. l.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF82FFDE6B54591EFE2C37E5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: -- Worker (Tab. 1, Figs 23 – 27, key). Very small, CS 426 µm. Head very short, CL / CW 1.099. Anteromedian clypeal margin notched, median occipital margin in 2 of 3 specimens gently excavated. Postocular distance large, PoOc / CL 0.427. Frons broad (FRS / CS 0.282), frontal carinae immediately behind the FRS level slightly diverging caudad. Eye small, EYE / CS 0.222. Scape short, SL / CS 0.760. Promesonotal plane in dorsal view with a rather straight frontal margin and more concave lateral margins resulting in pronounced pronotal ‘ shoulders’ (Fig. 23 B) – in wroughtonii and obscurior, no ‘ shoulders’ are developed due to a strongly convex frontal margin and rather straight lateral margins. Metanotal groove in lateral view deep (MGr / CS 3.21 %) and with steep anterior and posterior slopes. Propodeal spines moderately long (SP / CS 0.184) and acute, slightly diverging and incurved in dorsal view and with large basal distance (SPBA / CS 0.292). Petiole rather narrow and moderately high (PeW / CS 0.279, PeH / CS 0.333). Axis of petiolar peduncle in lateral aspect deviating by 30 ° from the longitudinal axis of the petiole node. Postpetiole moderately wide and high (PpW / CS 0.446, PpH / CS 0.308), with a bilateral pair of anteroventral corners (but weaker than usually seen in wroughtonii and obscurior); in dorsal view, the strongly convex sides meet with the concave anterior margin in a blunt corner and converge significantly more than in wroughtonii. Sculpture on head and mesosoma compared to wroughtonii and obscurior very irregular and with smaller meshes of reticular sculpture (Fig. 27), without the regularly arranged, large and clearly demarcated foveolae seen in the former species. Lateral mesosoma and waist with dense reticulum the meshes of which have an inner diameter of 4 – 5 µm. Pubescence on first gaster tergite moderately long and dilute (PLG / CS 6.2 %, sqPDG 4.87). Head, mesosoma, waist, and appendages more dirty yellowish brown compared to wroughtonii and obscurior. Taxonomic comments. Using the 16 standard morphometric characters shown in Tab. 1, C. shagrinata is almost inseparable from wroughtonii and obscurior and is apparently closely related. An easy separation from these species is given by the strong differences in sculpture of head and mesosoma and the pronounced pronotal shoulders.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF82FFDE6B54591EFE2C37E5.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Unknown.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF85FFDE68B55E78FC5730DC.taxon	materials_examined	All material examined. Only the type specimen is known. Geographic range. The type locality is situated at 1.47 ° S, 123.559 ° E and 12 m a. s. l.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF85FFDE68B55E78FC5730DC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: -- Worker (Tab. 1, Figs 16 – 18, key). Extremely small, CS 366 µm. Head extremely short, CL / CW 1.069. Median third of anterior clypeal margin deeply, median third of occipital margin slightly concave. Postocular distance large, PoOc / CL 0.464. Frons moderately broad (FRS / CS 0.266), frontal carinae diverging caudad. Eye without any microsetae and small, EYE / CS 0.220. Scape rather long, SL / CS 0.818. Metanotal groove in lateral view relatively deep (MGr / CS 2.50 %). Propodeal spines long and thin, rather steep, in profile deviating from longitudinal mesosomal axis by 43 ° (SP / CS 0.192), in dorsal view strongly diverging and their bases moderately wide (SPBA / CS 0.277). Petiole rather narrow and moderately high (PeW / CS 0.264, PeH / CS 0.336); in profile with almost linear (only slightly concave) anterior face and semicircular dorsum; in dorsal view with rather slender peduncle and almost globular node, which is slightly longer than wide. Postpetiole moderately wide and low (PpW / CS 0.426, PpH / CS 0.289); the sternite anterolaterally with a rounded lobiform protrusion on each side which clearly elevates above the level of median surface of sternite; the surface of the sternite thus appearing deeply concave in frontal view. Postpetiole in dorsal view with a concave anterior margin and convex sides. Anterior clypeus smooth, not shining. Frontal laminae and anteromedian vertex with weak microsculpture, consisting of an irregular mixture of corrugated, foveolate, and carinulate elements. Paramedian and lateral areas of vertex with a unique sculpture: densely-arranged, deeply impressed, flat-bottomed and very large foveae of 19 – 23 µm diameter. The largest foveolae show a well-demarcated central ring of 8 – 9 µm diameter which is connected with the outer ring through 2 – 4 very fine microcarinulae in 90 ° cross-wire arrangement, such suggesting a four-leaf clover; in the smaller foveolae the number of microcarinulae may be reduced. Whole lateral area of mesosoma, anterior area of pronotum, and dorsal area of propodeum strongly microreticulate; dorsal area of promesonotum similarly foveate as paramedian vertex. Longitudinal sculpture on whole mesosoma, including metapleural gland bulla, completely absent. Petiole strongly microreticulate, postpetiole shining, very finely microreticulate. Pubescence on first gaster tergite moderately long and very dilute (PLG / CS 6.29 %, sqPDG 5.60). All body parts light-yellowish. Taxonomic comments. This species is not to confuse due to extremely small size, the extremely low CL / CW and the large characteristic foveolae on vertex.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF85FFDE68B55E78FC5730DC.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Unknown.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF85FFDF6B325F71FE12328C.taxon	description	This taxon has been described from Papua New Guinea. Investigated was the Holotype and one paratype worker on separate pins, both labelled ‘ PNG: 5.25 ° S, 145.267 ° N, Wanang, Sogeram riv. 95 m, Bait trap – ground – D 4, coll. Janda 2007.10.23 ’; depository SMN Görlitz.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF85FFDF6B325F71FE12328C.taxon	materials_examined	All material examined. Examined were four samples with five workers from Papua New Guinea – three samples through direct stereomicroscopic evaluation and one sample through photo evaluation of the specimen CASENT 0914964 in www. antweb. org. For details see supplementary information SI 1, SI 2. Geographic range. The species is so far only known from sea level up to 350 m in four sites in Papua New Guinea: Cape Wom (3.533 ° S, 143.583 ° E); Wanang (5.250 ° S, 145.267 ° E), Goldie River (9.30 ° S, 147.42 ° E) and Popondetta (8.77 ° S, 148.24 ° E).	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF85FFDF6B325F71FE12328C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: -- Worker (Figs 19 – 22, Tab. 1, pictures CASENT 0914964 in ww. antweb. org): Very small size, CS 380. Head moderately long (CL / CW 1.137); with maximum CL and CW in visual plane, its posterior margin straight or very slightly concave and anterior clypeal margin slightly concave. Postocular distance rather large, PoOc / CL 0.440. Scape rather long, SL / CS 0.808. Eye relatively large, EYE / CS 0.242. Frons rather narrow with short and almost parallel frontal carinae, FRS / CS 0.299, FL / FR 1.017. Mesosoma slender; dorsal profile of promesonotum and propodeum slightly convex but with a notable metanotal depression. Anterior pronotum in dorsal view rounded, without pronounced corners. Propodeal spines short (SP / CS 0.185), in dorsal view slightly diverging, in lateral view nearly straight and their axis deviating 26 – 28 ° from longitudinal axis of mesosoma. Petiole wide and high (PeW / CS 0.319, PeH / CS 0.363), in lateral view with a short peduncle, a concave anterior margin, a weakly convex dorsum of node that more or less linearly slopes down to caudal cylinder; petiole in dorsal view with a semiglobular node which is slightly wider than long. Postpetiole moderately wide and very high (PpW / CS 0.470, PpH / CS 0.356), in dorsal view much wider than long and with a concave anterior and slightly convex posterior margin when these margins are adjusted to the same focal level; the sternite anterolaterally with a rounded lobiform protrusion on each side which clearly elevates above the level of median surface of sternite; the surface of the sternite thus appearing deeply concave in frontal view. Whole surface of dorsal head with circular foveolae that show a flat central tubercle, mean dFov 15.5 µm; the interspaces between foveolae on vertex smaller than foveolar diameter and delicately longitudinally striate (Fig. 22). Microsculpture on dorsum of mesosoma weaker than on vertex, microreticulate-corrugated and without foveolae; lateral mesosoma microreticulate. Petiole laterally finely microreticulate, dorsally more microcorrugated. Postpetiole finely microcorrugated and in overall appearance matt. Basal part of 1 st gaster tergite very finely microreticulate and appearing rather shiny at lower magnifications. Pubescence on 1 st gaster tergite of medium length and rather dilute (PLG / CS 6.44 %, sqPDG 4.36]. Gaster jet black and all remaining body parts excluding the eyes very pale yellowish brown. Taxonomic comments. As a combination of high and wide postpetiole, long scape and (probably) diagnostic coloration, C. allonivalis is not to confuse.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF85FFDF6B325F71FE12328C.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. One nest was found by P. S. Ward in soil of a semi-dry littoral forest.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF84FFDC68CF5D64FE2B358E.taxon	etymology	Etymology: the name is given in honor of Jürgen Heinze wo has done and supervised outstanding research on the fascinating biology of Cardiocondyla ants over three decades.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF84FFDC68CF5D64FE2B358E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material: Holotype worker labelled ‘ IVO: 8.7703 ° N, 3.7897 ° W, Comoé Res. Station, 191 m, foragers on path halfway between station and river, Heinze 2019.04.04 – CI 18 ’, ‘ SMNG 20240630 ’ [unique specimen identifier]; three worker paratypes with same labelling on another pin; three worker paratypes labelled ‘ IVO: 8.84028 ° N, 3.77111 ° W, Comoé Park, Iringo River 202 m, Heinze 2019.04.06 – CI 45 ’; two worker paratypes labelled ‘ IVO: 8.7703 ° N, 3.7897 ° W, Comoé Res. Station, 191 m, foragers on path halfway, between station and river, Heinze 2019.04.07 – CI 55 ’; depository SMN Görlitz. All material examined. Only the three type samples from Ivory Coast were available. Geographic range. Only known from the two type localities in Ivory Coast.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF84FFDC68CF5D64FE2B358E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: -- Worker (Tab. 2, Figs 44 – 48, key). Extremely small, CS 377 µm. Head elongated, CL / CW 1.189. Median third of anterior clypeal margin slightly concave, median third of occipital margin straight. Postocular distance large, PoOc / CL 0.457. Frons very narrow (FRS / CS 0.219), widening frontad (FL / FR 1.063), caudal of FRS level parallel. Eye without any microsetae and rather smalll, EYE / CS 0.232. Scape moderately long, SL / CS 0.786. Metanotal groove in profile in absolute terms rather deep (MGr / CS 3.25 %) but with shallow slopes to mesonotum and propodeum. Prododeal spines long (SP / CS 0.201), thin and acute; in profile deviating from longitudinal mesosomal axis by only 25 °, in dorsal view slightly diverging and and slightly incurved; their bases narrow (SPBA / CS 0.240). Petiole very narrow and moderately high (PeW / CS 0.234, PeH / CS 0.333); in lateral view with a concave anterior face and a long weakly convex dorsal profile; petiole in dorsal view very slender, its node 1.5 fold as long as wide and narrowing frontad. Postpetiole rather wide and low (PpW / CS 0.454, PpH / CS 0.276); the sternite anterolaterally with a rounded lobiform protrusion on each side which clearly elevates above the level of median surface of sternite; the surface of the sternite thus appearing deeply concave in frontal view. Postpetiole in dorsal view with a concave anterior margin and convex sides. Anterior clypeus with fine transverse rugulae. Vertex with densely-arranged, flat-bottomed and moderately large foveolae (dFov 16.7). The largest foveolae show a flat tubercle around the hair base of 6 – 8 µm diameter which is sometimes connected with the outer ring through 1 – 2 fine microcarinulae (Fig. 47). Whole lateral area of mesosoma microreticulate, promesontum foveolate-reticulate. Petiole microreticulate, postpetiole more shiny. First gaster tergite with a rather long and dense pubescence (PLG / CS 7.12 %, sqPDG 4.14) and a weak microreticulum (Fig. 48). All body parts yellowish with exception of the blackish brown gaster. Taxonomic comments. As a combination of large CL / CW and small PeW / CS and FRS / CS not confuse with other members of the wroughtonii group.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF84FFDC68CF5D64FE2B358E.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The workers foraged on ground in both open and woody situations.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF87FFDD6B325E59FEBE309D.taxon	description	This taxon has been described from Yemen. Investigated wasonetypeworkerlabelledinCollingwoodshandwriting ‘ YEMEN: SANAA (sandy path) 05 03 1993 ’, ‘ Typus’ and ‘ Cardiocondyla yemeni’; one topotypical worker, without postpetiole and gaster, labelled ‘ YEMEN Sana’a 17 III 93 ’ (day not clearly legible, other possible reading ‘ 27 III 93 ’) and ‘ Cardiocondyla yemeni n. sp. Collingwood & Agosti 1996 ’; depository SMN Görlitz. All material examined. Morphometrically investigated were only the type samples. Geographic range. Known so far only from the Arabian Peninsula: Yemen and Oman (by image evaluation of CASENT 0922296 in www. antweb. org).	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF87FFDD6B325E59FEBE309D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: -- Worker (Tab. 2, Figs 11 – 15, key). Very small, CS 377 µm. Head very long, CL / CW 1.260. Median third of anterior clypeal margin straight, median third of occipital margin slightly concave. Postocular distance large, PoOc / CL 0.453. Frons relatively narrow (FRS / CS 0.242); frontal carinae slightly diverging frontal of FRS level (FL / FR 1.063), caudal of FRS level parallel or slightly converging. Eye rather small, EYE / CS 0.238. Scape very short, SL / CS 0.724. Metanotal depression nearly absent (MGr / CS 0.55 %). Propodeal spines short (SP / CS 0.103) and almost triangular in lateral view, their axis in profile deviating from longitudinal mesosomal axis by 25 °, in dorsal view not diverging and their bases relatively narrow (SPBA / CS 0.266). Petiole rather narrow and moderately high (PeW / CS 0.276, PeH / CS 0.336); in profile with a concave anterior face and a semicircular dorsum; in dorsal view with an almost globular node, which is only slightly longer than wide. Postpetiole narrow and low (PpW / CS 0.430, PpH / CS 0.268); postpetiolar sternite anterolaterally with a rounded lobiform protrusion on each side which clearly elevates above the level of median surface of sternite; the surface of the sternite thus appearing deeply concave in frontal view. Postpetiole in dorsal view with a straight to slightly concave anterior margin and convex sides. Lateral parts of clypeus each with 2 – 3 rugulae, central part slightly carinulate-reticulate. Frontal laminae with weak microsculpture, consisting of an irregular mixture of microrugulate, foveolate and microreticulate elements. Whole vertex foveolate, mediad of the eyes with densely-arranged, flat-bottomed foveolae of 14 – 16 µm diameter. The largest foveolae show a well-demarcated but flat central tubercule of 6 – 8 µm diameter around the hair bases (Fig. 14). Whole surface of mesosoma foveolate-microreticulate; petiole and postpetiolar tergite microreticulate. First gaster tergite with moderately long and dense pubescence (PLG / CS 6.78 %, sqPDG 3.76) and a weakly developed microreticulum, with the hair bases placed in microfoveolae of 4 – 6 µm diameter. All body parts yellowish or yellowish-brown. Taxonomic comments. For separation from closely related Cardiocondyla yoruba see there.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF87FFDD6B325E59FEBE309D.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. As habitat was reported a sandy path in Saana / Yemen.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF86FFD268CF5F2FFEBF366E.taxon	description	This taxon has been described from Niger. Investigated were three paratype workers on the same pin with the site equal to the holotype (see CASENT 0901752 in www. antweb. org), labelled ‘ NIGERIA Ibadan, IITA. xi. 87, T. Noyes’ (handwritten), ‘ Cardiocondyla yoruba n. sp. PARATYPI, det. F. Rigato 2002 ’ (handwritten), BMNH London. Allmaterialexamined. Morphometricallyinvestigated were two samples with seven workers: the type sample plus a sample of four workers from Bondoukou / Ivory Coast. Geographic range. Known so far only from West Africa: Ghana (by image evaluation of CASENT 0901752), Ivory Coast and Niger.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF86FFD268CF5F2FFEBF366E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: -- Worker (Tab. 2, Figs 6 – 10, key). Very small, CS 380 µm. Head very long, CL / CW 1.247. Median third of anterior clypeal margin straight, median third of occipital margin slightly concave. Postocular distance large, PoOc / CL 0.459. Frons relatively narrow (FRS / CS 0.245); frontal carinae slightly diverging frontal of FRS level (FL / FR 1.063), caudal of FRS level parallel or slightly converging. Eye rather small, EYE / CS 0.240 and with scattered microsetae of 6 – 7 µm length. Scape very short, SL / CS 0.724. Metanotal depression shallow (MGr / CS 1.27 %). Propodeal spines short (SP / CS 0.120) and almost triangular in lateral view, their axis in profile deviating from longitudinal mesosomal axis by 25 °, in dorsal view not diverging and their bases moderately wide (SPBA / CS 0.275). Petiole rather narrow and moderately high (PeW / CS 0.274, PeH / CS 0.334); in profile with a concave anterior face and semicircular dorsum; in dorsal view with an almost globular node, which is only slightly longer than wide. Postpetiole narrow and low (PpW / CS 0.427, PpH / CS 0.288); postpetiolar sternite anterolaterally with a rounded lobiform protrusion on each side which clearly elevates above the level of median surface of sternite; the surface of the sternite thus appearing deeply concave in frontal view. Postpetiole in dorsal view with a straight to slightly concave anterior margin and convex sides. Lateral parts of clypeus each with 2 – 3 rugulae, central part slightly carinulate-reticulate. Frontal laminae with weak microsculpture, consisting of an irregular mixture of microrugulate, foveolate and microreticulate elements. Whole vertex foveolate, mediad of the eyes with densely-arranged, flat-bottomed foveolae of 14 – 16 µm diameter. The largest foveolae show a well-demarcated but flat central tubercule of 6 – 8 µm diameter around the hair bases (Fig. 9). Whole surface of mesosoma foveolate-microreticulate; petiole strongly and postpetiolar tergite less strongly microreticulate. First gaster tergite with moderately long and dense pubescence (PLG / CS 6.89 %, sqPDG 3.86) and a more strongly developed microreticum, with the hair bases placed in microfoveolae of 4 – 6 µm diameter (Fig. 10). The microreticulum is an optical illusion in perpendicular view on the surface that is produced by the margins of roof-tile-like surface structures. Color: whole dorsum of gaster blackish brown and all remaining body parts yellowish or yellowish-brown. Taxonomic comments. C. yoruba is inseparable in a PCA from C. yemeni considering all 16 NUMOBAT characters: the type samples of yemeni and yoruba and the non-type sample of yoruba from Ivory coast form a coherent cluster in a PCA (Fig. 54). However, I stood back from synonymization of yoruba because of the very remote allopatric ranges, the blackish brown gaster not observed so far in the yemeni samples from Yemen and Oman and because of the stronger microsculpture of yoruba in particular on first gaster tergite. We have to wait if yoruba might be more convingly demonstrated as a separate cryptic species when plenty of samples were analyzed morphometrically or genetically.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF86FFD268CF5F2FFEBF366E.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The species is seems to follow other Cardiocondyla species by living in anthropogenously disturbed areas. As habitats were reported a grassy patch adjacent to a paved road in the urban center of Accra / Ghana and a path in the suburban area of Bondoukou / Ivory coast.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF89FFD368B558C3FE01309A.taxon	description	This taxon has been described from Cameroun. Investigated was the holotype worker labelled ‘ Cameroun Nkoemvon 1980. M D. Jackson’ and ‘ Cardiocondyla weserka Bolton det. B. Bolton, 1981 ’, BMNH London.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF89FFD368B558C3FE01309A.taxon	materials_examined	All material examined. Morphometrically investigated was only the type specimen. Geographic range. Known so far only from Cameroun.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF89FFD368B558C3FE01309A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: -- Worker (Tab. 2, Figs 41 – 43, key). Small, CS 404 µm. Head very long, CL / CW 1.232. Median third of anterior clypeal margin slightly concave, median third of occipital margin straight. Postocular distance rather low, PoOc / CL 0.440. Frons relatively narrow (FRS / CS 0.230); frontal carinae slightly diverging frontad (FL / FR 1.050). Eye rather small, EYE / CS 0.247 and without microsetae. Scape rather long, SL / CS 0.790. Dorsal mesosoma profile from pronotum caudad to propodeum at spiracular level rather linear, convex curvatures only suggested. Metanotal depression shallow (MGr / CS 1.79 %). Pronotal shoulders rather developed but rounded, not angulate. Propodeal spiracle very small, its inner diameter only 5 µm. Propodeal spines long (SP / CS 0.213) and rather thin, their axis in profile deviating from longitudinal mesosomal axis by only 21 °, in dorsal view incurved and their bases widely distant (SPBA / CS 0.296). Petiole narrow but very high (PeW / CS 0.265, PeH / CS 0.356); its node clearly longer than wide, with a narrow dorsal plane; node in lateral view massive, petiolar peduncle moderately long. Postpetiole moderately wide and high (PpW / CS 0.455, PpH / CS 0.290), in dorsal view wider than long with angulate-convex sides and concave anterior margin; postpetiolar sternite anterolaterally with a rounded lobiform protrusion on each side which clearly elevates above the level of median surface of sternite; the surface of the sternite thus appearing deeply concave in frontal view. Clypeus with two carinae running to the lateral margins of the anterior concavity. Frontal laminae and clypeus foveolate. Whole head and mesosoma without longitudinal sculpture, except for small patches with weak carinulae mentioned below. Vertex with deeply impressed, flat-bottomed foveolae of 16 – 18 µm diameter in a densely-packed honey-comb arrangement; foveolae showing an inner corona (tubercle) of 8 – 10 µm diameter; median vertex posterior of the frontal triangle with 2 – 3 very short longitudinal carinulae. Dorsal promesonotum irregularly reticulate, width of meshes 5 – 7 µm, scattered foveolae are present. Dorsal propodeum irregularly reticulate-foveolate; whole lateral mesosoma strongly microreticulate. Petiole except for its more smooth and finely microreticulate dorsum with a well-pronounced and dense microreticulum. Postpetiole, rather smooth, finely microreticulate. First gaster tergite with a rather long and rather dilute pubescence (PLG / CS 7.62 %, sqPDG 4.07). Head, mesosoma, waist, and gaster dark brown; lateral pronotum and appendages lighter. Taxonomic comments. C. weserka is most similar to neferka in surface structures, shape of head and waist segments, and morphometry. The only significant difference seems to exist in mesosomal shape. The dorsal propodeal profile is much less convex in weserka which gives the whole dorsal mesosoma profile a more linear appearance (Fig. 42) though this difference is less expressed than suggested by the figures in Bolton (1982). Furthermore the pronotum of the weserka type shows less developed anterolateral pronotal corners as it is seen in neferka. I have doubts if these differences between both taxa suggested by the poor sample size can be confirmed in larger material but I recommend to maintain the heterospecific status until more information is available.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF89FFD368B558C3FE01309A.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Unknown.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF88FFD368CF5F2FFB883210.taxon	description	This taxon has been described from Ghana. Investigated was the holotype worker labelled ‘ Mampong GHANA 10.2. 70 P. Room’ and ‘ Cardiocondyla neferka Bolton det. B. Bolton, 1981 ’, BMNH London. Geographic range. Known so far only in two single specimens from Ghana: Mampong, 1970.02.10 and Nigeria: Gambari, 1969.06.10.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF88FFD368CF5F2FFB883210.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: -- Worker (Tab. 2, Figs 49 – 51, key): Small, CS 408 µm. Head very long, CL / CW 1.224. Median third of anterior clypeal margin suggestedly concave, hind margin of vertex slightly convex. Postocular distance rather large, PoOc / CL 0.462. Frons narrow (FRS / CS 0.226); frontal carinae diverging frontad (FL / FR 1.115). Eye rather small, EYE / CS 0.243 and without microsetae. Scape moderately long, SL / CS 0.770. Dorsal promesonotal profile slightly convex, dorsal propodeal profile with stronger convexity. Metanotal depression well-developed (MGR / CS 3.54 %), in profile with shallow (30 °) anterior and posterior slopes. Pronotal shoulders more developed than in weserka, each forming a rounded angle of 120 °. Propodeal spiracle very small, its inner diameter only 6 µm. Propodeal spines long (SP / CS 0.204) and rather thin, their axis in profile deviating from longitudinal mesosomal axis by 26 °, in dorsal view slightly incurved and their bases less widely distant than in weserka (SPBA / CS 0.271). Petiole narrow but high (PeW / CS 0.264, PeH / CS 0.349); its node longer than wide, lateral view massive and with a relatively short peduncle. Postpetiole rather wide and high (PpW / CS 0.478, PpH / CS 0.294); in dorsal view a little wider than long, with a clearly concave anterior margin and angulate-convex sides; postpetiolar sternite anterolaterally with a rounded lobiform protrusion on each side which clearly elevates above the level of median surface of sternite; the surface of the sternite thus appearing deeply concave in frontal view. Clypeus with two carinae running to the lateral margins of the concavity. Frontal laminae and clypeus with scattered smaller foveolae. Whole head and mesosoma without longitudinal sculpture. Vertex with deeply impressed, flat-bottomed foveolae of 15 – 18 µm diameter in a densely-packed arrangement; foveolae showing an inner corona (tubercle) of 8 – 9 µm diameter. Dorsal promesonotum irregularly microreticulate-corrugated, frontal pronotum in the transitional zone from dorsal plane to declivity foveolate. Dorsomedian propodeum rather shiny, finely microreticulate. Whole lateral mesosoma strongly microreticulate. Dorsal plane of petiole rather smooth, only microreticulate, the node in lateral view strongly microreticulate. Postpetiolar node shiny but finely microreticulate. First gaster tergite with a rather long and rather dilute pubescence (PLG / CS 7.52 %, sqPDG 3.78) and a very fine, widelymeshed microreticulum. Type worker: whole body light yellowish brown. Gambari worker: head, mesosoma, and petiole light yellowish brown, postpetiole a little darker, antennal club dark brown, gaster blackish brown.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF88FFD368CF5F2FFB883210.taxon	discussion	Comments. See the statements under C. weserka.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
577887E6FF88FFD368CF5F2FFB883210.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Unknown.	en	Seifert, Bernhard (2024): A taxonomic revision of the ants of the Cardiocondyla wroughtonii group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a checklist of the Cardiocondyla species of the world. Soil Organisms (London, England) 96 (2): 113-144, DOI: 10.25674/415, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/415
