identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5124BC398E6671088B87A943FDC0802B.text	5124BC398E6671088B87A943FDC0802B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alishania Vilbaste 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Alishania Vilbaste, 1969</p>
            <p>  Alishania Vilbaste, 1969a: 5 ; Xing et al, 2010: 65, 2011: 113; Li et al., 2011: 27 Type:  Thamnotettix formosanus Matsumura, 1914 , originally designated Type locality: China (Taiwan). </p>
            <p>Overall color yellowish brown. Vertex and thorax with few symmetrical angulate spots. Face with brown transverse streaks. Pronotum with irregular dark markings. Forewing pale brownish with dark freckles in cells, apical cells and appendix smoky.</p>
            <p>Body slender, head subequal to or slightly broader than pronotum. Ocelli on anterior margin, one ocellar diameter distant from eyes. Vertex produced, anterior margin forming nearly right angle, longer medially than next to eyes; head with anterior margin rounded to face, shagreen. Frons longer than wide; anteclypeus more or less parallel-sided; genae wide, with wide emargination below eye. Rostrum short, reaching end of fore coxae. Forewing with three subapical cells. M-Cu2 crossvein lacking; outer subapical cell with oblique vein running to costal margin; clavus with or without transverse veins. Fore femur with anteroventral (AV1) seta long, intercalary (IC) row with about 6~8 setae; AM1 seta large, situated near apex. Apex of hind femur in macrosetal formula: 2+2+1.</p>
            <p>Male abdomen:1S, 2S, 2T (tergite and sternite) developed (detailed in species description).</p>
            <p>Male genitalia: Pygofer lobe very long, with numerous long macrosetae; anal tube membranous, very small, hidden between pygofer lobes; subgenital plates fused medially near base, each plate with distinct mesal and lateral lobe well separated by cleft, inner lobe without macrosetae and outer lobe with numerous irregular fine setae; style cheliform; connective Y-shaped, lying obliquely in genital capsule; aedeagus with common shaft arising from base, forked medially with two apical gonopores.</p>
            <p> Female genitalia: same as the species  A. qudrilamina . </p>
            <p>Distribution. China (Taiwan, Guizhou, Xizang); Japan.</p>
            <p> Remarks. The genus is similar to  Macrosteles (Macrostelini) in having similar yellowish to brownish coloration with symmetrical black spots on the vertex, which is angularly produced. Unlike  Macrostelini , however, the forewing has three subapical cells. The outer subapical cell extends nearly to the costal margin of the wing (as in some  Paralimnini ). Although  Alishania has the aedeagus divided into two branches distally, as in  Macrosteles , the former was previously placed in  Opsiini because it has each branch of the aedeagus bearing a separate gonopore. Zahniser and Dietrich (2013) recognized three subtribes of  Opsiini and retained  Alishania in the nominotypical tribe, Opsiina. However,  Alishania should be transferred from subtribe Opsiina (which have the aedeagus branched near the base) to subtribe Circuliferina (which have the aedeagus branched at the shaft apex). Molecular evidence may be needed to clarify these relationships and status. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5124BC398E6671088B87A943FDC0802B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lu, Lin;Zhang, Yalin	Lu, Lin, Zhang, Yalin (2016): Study of the Oriental genus Alishania Vilbaste (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from China with description of one new species. Zootaxa 4196 (3): 430-434, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4196.3.8
5124BC398E67710B8B87ABB0FD0D83ED.text	5124BC398E67710B8B87ABB0FD0D83ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alishania quadrilamina Lu & Zhang	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Alishania quadrilamina Lu &amp; Zhang sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Body length (including tegmen): ♂, 4.0 mm; ♀ 4.1 mm. (Figs 1, A–B)</p>
            <p>Body slender, pale brown and rarely black. Vertex with four pairs of black symmetrical triangular spots. Pronotum and scutellum pale brown, with some irregular mostly black markings. Forewings brownish translucent, with dark brown stripes on the base, clavus, corium and marginal region of subapical cells; apical cells and appendix smoky.</p>
            <p>Head slightly broader than pronotum, anterior margin rounded to face, shagreen; vertex obtusely angular or almost evenly arched, projecting forward but not strongly produced, longer medially than next to eyes; pronotum equal to the length of scutellum, slightly longer than the length of vertex, anterior margin slightly convex, posterior margin straight (Figs.1, A–C); clavus of forewings with transverse veins (Fig. 1, F); hindwings with four apical cells (Fig.1, G). Fore femur with anteroventral (AV1) seta long, intercalary (IC) row with about 6~8 setae; AM1 seta large, situated near apex; AV about 7 setae (Fig. 2, N).</p>
            <p>Male abdomen: 2nd acrotergite apodeme (2T) with trunk near horizontal, neck strikingly slender, 2nd tergite apodeme vestigial (Fig. 2, K); 1st sternal apodemes with posterior lobes produced rounded, not convergent.; 2nd sternal apodemes with posterior lobes reduced, triangular in shape (Figs 2, L–M).</p>
            <p>Male genitalia: Pygofer lobe long, tapered to apex in lateral view and with numerous long macrosetae. Subgenital plates each completely divided into separate medial and lateral lobes (Fig. 2, C), medial lobe simple, depressed, nearly parallel-sided and medially fused to counterpart at base (Fig. 2, I); lateral lobe strongly attached to style near base and with apex emarginate, with medial corner spinelike (Figs 2, D, H) and with numerous irregularly distributed macrosetae (Fig. 2, H); valve broadly hexagonal (Figs. 2, I). Style with apex cheliform with slender preapical spine and broader, laterally dentate apex (Figs 2, D, H). Connective Y-shaped, stem slightly shorter than arms (Fig. 2, G). Aedeagus simple and short, with shaft curved dorsad and bent at right angle strongly, with small basal hamulus on ventral surface in lateral view (Fig. 2, E), shaft T-shaped with gonopore at apex of each branch on posterodorsal surface (Figs 2, F, G).</p>
            <p>Female genitalia: Seventh sternite with apical margin sinuately emarginate (Fig. 2, J). First valvula with dorsal sculpture maculose, nearly marginal apically and submarginal preapically; apicoventral sculptured area present (Figs 1, L, K). Second valvula with dorsal margin straight and some distinct teeth from near base to apex, thereafter tapered to acute apex (Fig. 1, J). Third valvula near same length as pygofer, without macrosetae (Fig. 1, J).</p>
            <p>  Holotype: male, Xizang Autonomous Region, Rikaze,  Lower Yadong countryside, 5.vi.2015, 3100~ 3200m, Coll. Xue Qinquan  .  Paratype: 1 female, same data as holotype . </p>
            <p> Remarks. This new species is very similar to the other three known species (  A. formosana ,  A. fodingensis ,  A. attenuata ) based on external morphological characteristics (color, vertex, face, wings, etc.), but it can be differentiated from the others based on the characteristics of the subgenital plates, which have the medial lobes basally separated from the lateral lobes. The aedeagus of the new species resembles that of  A. fodingensis but the former differs from the latter in having the styli with a stocky apical unforked process. The new species also differs from  A. formasana in lacking a preapical tooth on the aedeagal shaft. It differs from  A. attenuata in having the shaft of the aedeagus shorter and the styli having the apical process stocky and distal margin denticulate. </p>
            <p> Etymology. The species epithet “  quadrilamina ” refers to the four small parts of the subgenital plates and the base of paired plates between inside and outside being separate. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5124BC398E67710B8B87ABB0FD0D83ED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lu, Lin;Zhang, Yalin	Lu, Lin, Zhang, Yalin (2016): Study of the Oriental genus Alishania Vilbaste (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from China with description of one new species. Zootaxa 4196 (3): 430-434, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4196.3.8
