identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
4D7E9C146310FFA8FF4BFC3DF86BF945.text	4D7E9C146310FFA8FF4BFC3DF86BF945.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Syndicus (Syndicus) himalayanus Franz 1975	<div><p>Syndicus (Syndicus) himalayanus Franz, 1975</p><p>(Figs 1 A, 2A–G, 3A–C)</p><p>Syndicus (s. str.) himalayanus Franz, 1975: 177, fig. 7; Jałoszyński 2004: 23, figs 9M–O, 10A–C, 11D, 14D; Jałoszyński 2011: 26.</p><p>Material examined. 2 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀. labeled ‘ China: Yunnan, Yingjiang Hsien (盈江县), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=97.58544&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.713953" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 97.58544/lat 24.713953)">Nabang Town</a> (那邦镇), 24°42′50.23″N, 97°35′07.58″E, nr. river, 300 m, 17.ii.2016, Jian-Yue Qiu &amp; Hao Xu leg.’</p><p>Comments. Syndicus himalayanus (Fig. 1 A) shares with several congeners similar body size, body shape and body proportions, e.g., S. saketianus Jałoszyński, S. birmanicus Jałoszyński. Therefore, examination of the aedeagus (Fig. 2 A–C, F), especially structures of the endophallus (Fig. D–E) is necessary for an unambiguous identification. The large size of the endophallic proximal vesicle, the subrectangular, emarginated upper part of the central complex, and the elongate apical part of the endophallus with its apex forming a rounded structure allow for a certain identification (Jałoszyński 2004: fig. 10A–C). Also, the shape of the spermatheca (Fig. 3 A–C) in S. himalayanus is extremely similar to that of S. saketianus, but the aedeagal structures of these two species are distinctly different. Here, the unique structure of bursa copulatrix of S. himalayanus is illustrated (Fig. 3 D–E), which has a triangular dorsal plate and a pair of lateral plates connected by a membranous structure.</p><p>Bionomics. The examined specimens were collected from underside of bark of a decaying log near a river in Nabang Town at an altitude of 300 m (Fig. 5 B–C).</p><p>Distribution. India: Assam and Meghalaya; Bhutan: Chukha; Nepal: Chitwan; China: Yunnan (new country record; Fig. 6).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D7E9C146310FFA8FF4BFC3DF86BF945	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhou, De-Yao;Yin, Zi-Wei	Zhou, De-Yao, Yin, Zi-Wei (2017): New data on the genus Syndicus Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae) from Yunnan, southern China. Zootaxa 4247 (5): 569-576, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4247.5.3
4D7E9C146310FFAFFF4BF90AFB75FA9D.text	4D7E9C146310FFAFFF4BF90AFB75FA9D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Syndicus (Semisyndicus)	<div><p>Syndicus (Semisyndicus) long Zhou and Yin, new species</p><p>(Figs 1 B, 4A–G, 5A)</p><p>Type material (1 ♂). Holotype: CHINA: ♂, labeled ‘ China: Yunnan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.34195&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.67" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.34195/lat 24.67)">Lincang City</a> (临沧市), Yun County (云县), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.34195&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.67" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.34195/lat 24.67)">Manwan Town</a> (漫湾镇), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.34195&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.67" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.34195/lat 24.67)">Shuibatou Village</a> (水坝头村) 24°40'12''N, 100°20'31''E, under bark of rotten wood, 2100m, 13.iii.2016, Zi-Chun Xiong leg.’.</p><p>Diagnosis. The remarkable C-shaped endophallic structure seen in the lateral view of the aedeagus is unique for this species and not known in any other Semisyndicus species.</p><p>Description. Body (Fig. 1 B) slender, moderately convex, uniformly dark brown, legs and palpi slightly lighter. BL 3.21 mm.</p><p>Head wider than long, widest at relatively small eyes, HL 0.54 mm, HW: 0.64 mm. Tempora longer than length of eye, rounded; vertex relatively long, convex, with very small, hardly noticeable median tubercle adjacent to posterior margin; frons concave; supraantennal tubercles well marked, distinctly demarcated from frons but indistinctly from vertex. Punctation of frons and vertex composed of sharply marked punctures distributed densely and slightly unevenly; setation relatively short, composed of thin, suberect setae. Antennae (Fig. 4 G) relatively short, AnL 1.43 mm, relative lengths of antennomeres: 1.7: 1.5: 1.8: 1.7: 1.5: 1.4: 1.5: 1.5: 1.5: 1.5: 1.6.</p><p>Pronotum (Fig. 5A) relatively slender and elongate, widest near anterior 1/4–1/3, PL 0.90 mm, PWm 0.75 mm, PWb 0.64 mm. Anterior and lateral margins rounded together; lateral constriction very distinct, located in posterior third; lateral groove missing; posterior collar relatively long; demarcated from disc by transverse row of four large and deep dorsal pits; additional pit near each hind angle very small; area between inner pair of basal pits raised and forming indistinctly delimited median longitudinal carina; base of pronotum regularly rounded. Punctation on discal part much more distinct than that on head, composed of much larger, unevenly distributed and dense punctures of various diameters, largest punctures are located in central part of disc, posterior collar behind basal pits bearing sparser and smaller punctures. Setation distinctly denser than that on head, relatively short, suberect.</p><p>Elytra long, oval, widest anterior to middle, EL. 1.76 mm, EW 1.17 mm, EI 1.50. Humeri well-marked, delimited from adsutural area by broad and shallow impression; very narrow adsutural area near base distinctly raised; median circumsutural area on elytra slightly impressed near anterior third. Punctation distinct, composed of smaller punctures than those on pronotum, punctures are moderately dense and evenly distributed, largest on median impression and reducing in diameters and depth toward lateral and posterior margins; setation slightly lighter in color than that on pronotum, moderately dense, setae relatively short, slightly suberect.</p><p>Aedeagus (Fig. 4 A–C) 0.74 mm in length, elongate; parameres (Fig. 4 F) slender with apices slightly exceeding emarginate apex of median lobe, each paramere with several short preapical setae (Fig. 4 F). Endophallus (Fig. 4 D– E) asymmetrical, with darkly sclerotized central complex located near base of median lobe, and a sub-pentagonal apical plate located near apex of median lobe. A strongly curved sclerite extends from the base of central complex, it is curved to form C-shaped open loop, with apex directed ventrally.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Comments. External characters and body proportions of S. long are similar to those of S. sinensis and S. sichuanicus . The new species differs from S. sinensis in its larger body size (3.21 mm vs. 2.93 mm in S. sinensis), more coarsely punctate pronotum, and longer antennomere III in comparison to antennomere II. Syndicus long is hardly distinguishable from S. sichuanicus by external morphology, only slightly longer body (3.21 mm vs. 3.05 mm in S. sichuanicus) and slightly more slender pronotum may serve to preliminarily distinguish these two species. However, the unique presence of a unique C-shaped, strongly sclerotized endophallic structure can be used to unambiguously separate S. long from all similar congeners.</p><p>Bionomics. The single male was collected under bark of a decaying log in a mixed forest at Lincang.</p><p>Distribution. Southern China: Yunnan (Fig. 6).</p><p>Etymology. This species is named after a Chinese character ‘Long (龙)’, which represents a mythical creature from the traditional Chinese mythology.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D7E9C146310FFAFFF4BF90AFB75FA9D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhou, De-Yao;Yin, Zi-Wei	Zhou, De-Yao, Yin, Zi-Wei (2017): New data on the genus Syndicus Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae) from Yunnan, southern China. Zootaxa 4247 (5): 569-576, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4247.5.3
4D7E9C146317FFAFFF4BFA32FCB6F81B.text	4D7E9C146317FFAFFF4BFA32FCB6F81B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Syndicus	<div><p>Key to Syndicus species of China</p><p>1 Base of antennomere XI nearly as broad as apex of antennomere X; antennomere XI shorter than half length of antennomere X (subgenus Syndicus)................................................................................... 2</p><p>- Base of antennomere XI much narrower than apex of X; antennomere XI longer than half length of antennomere X (subgenus Semisyndicus)....................................................................................... 4</p><p>2 Body length exceeding 4 mm (Yin et al. 2014: fig. 1). (Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan, Guangdong).............. S. jaloszynskii</p><p>- Body length less than 4 mm ............................................................................ 3</p><p>3 Body length less than 2.7 mm, each elytron with marginal impression on sides of elytra (Yin &amp; Zhou 2015: figs 1A, 4A). (Hainan)...................................................................................... S. qiong</p><p>- Body length no less than 2.9 mm, each elytron lacking marginal impression. (Yunnan).................. S. himalayanus</p><p>4 Pronotal disc glossy, without well-marked punctures (Yin &amp; Li 2015: fig. 1B). (Hainan).................. S. hainanicus</p><p>- Pronotal disc with coarse, sharply marked punctures........................................................ 5</p><p>5 Body length less than 2.5 mm (Yin &amp; Li 2015: fig. 1A). (Hainan)................................ S. grossepunctatus</p><p>- Body length exceeding 2.5 mm ......................................................................... 6</p><p>6 Pronotal disc relatively sparsely punctate (Yin &amp; Zhou 2016: fig. 5A). (Yunnan).......................... S. sinensis</p><p>- Pronotal disc relatively densely punctate (Fig. 5A; Yin &amp; Zhou 2016: fig. 5D).................................... 7</p><p>7 Body length 3.21 mm, endophallus with a C-sharped sclerite (Fig. 4 B). (Yunnan)........................ S. long sp. n.</p><p>- Body length 3.02–3.05 mm, endophallus without a C-shaped sclerite (Jałoszyński 2008: fig. 3). (Sichuan)... S. sichuanicus</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D7E9C146317FFAFFF4BFA32FCB6F81B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhou, De-Yao;Yin, Zi-Wei	Zhou, De-Yao, Yin, Zi-Wei (2017): New data on the genus Syndicus Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae) from Yunnan, southern China. Zootaxa 4247 (5): 569-576, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4247.5.3
