identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
4F6D87F0FFD0CB55896D6D0AFB16FC1E.text	4F6D87F0FFD0CB55896D6D0AFB16FC1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hamataliwa Keyserling 1887	<div><p>Hamataliwa Keyserling, 1887</p> <p>Hamataliwa Keyserling 1887: 458. — Brady 1964: 496; 1970: 78.</p> <p>Oxyopeidon O. Pickard­ Cambridge 1894: 139.</p> <p>Type species. Hamataliwa grisea Keyserling, 1887, by monotypy.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Hamataliwa can be distinguished from the closely related genus Oxyopes by the following characters: female epigynum with a shallow median depression surrounded by a semicircular or U­shaped, heavily sclerotized rim (Figs. 2, 7, 12, 17, 22); copulatory ducts usually short, spermathecae round or oval (Figs. 3, 8, 13, 18, 23); embolus of male palp forming a characteristic twist or loop near the base; edge of cymbium with a basal outgrowth, finger­like in lateral view (Figs. 4–5, 9–10, 14–15, 19–20, 24–25). Copulatory ducts and spermathecae are always wrapped with glue­like materials after copulation (Figs. 3, 8, 13), which is not detected in Oxyopes.</p> <p>Description. See general characteristics of the genus described by Brady (1964).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F6D87F0FFD0CB55896D6D0AFB16FC1E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Jun-Xia;Zhu, Ming-Sheng;Song, Da-Xiang	Zhang, Jun-Xia, Zhu, Ming-Sheng, Song, Da-Xiang (2005): Revision of the spider genus Hamataliwa Keyserling from China (Araneae: Oxyopidae). Zootaxa 1017 (1017): 1-17
4F6D87F0FFD1CB52896D6FF0FD73F8F2.text	4F6D87F0FFD1CB52896D6FF0FD73F8F2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hamataliwa aurita Zhang & Zhu & Song 2005	<div><p>Hamataliwa aurita sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 1–5)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype female, CHINA: Fujian Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=116.416664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 116.416664/lat 26.533333)">Wuyi Mountain</a>, N 26°32’, E 116°25’, Aotou, 5 July 2003, C. Zhang leg. (MHBU). Paratypes: 1 male, Fujian Province, Wuyi Mountain, 8 July 2003, C. Zhang leg.; 1 male, Fujian Province, Wuyi Mountain, 17 July 2003, C. Zhang leg.; 1 male, Fujian Province, Wuyi Mountain, Tongmu, 14 July 2003, C. Zhang leg. (all MHBU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is similar to Hamataliwa puta (O. Pickard­Cambridge, 1894) (Brady 1970: 87, figs. 21–22, 33–34, 65–67, 113–119) according to the shape of male palp, but it differs from the latter in depression of female epigynum with two longitudinal ridges, spermathecae pear­like (Figs. 2–3); male palpal organ wide, conductor long with its tip spinous, ventral tibial apophysis thumb­like, retrolateral tibial apophysis flat (Figs. 4–5).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin word “auritus, ­a, ­um”, and refers to the auricular basal outgrowth of cymbium of male palp; adjective.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Female (holotype): Total length 5.80. Prosoma 2.52 long, 1.94 wide; opisthosoma 3.38 long, 1.80 wide. Carapace yellow, with eyes area and lateral margins of clypeus black. Radial furrows indistinct. Eye diameters: AME 0.09, ALE 0.22, PME 0.18, PLE 0.16. Distances AME–AME 0.13, AME–ALE 0.08, PME–PME 0.31, PME–PLE 0.31. First eye row 0.26 wide, second eye row 0.58 wide, third eye row 1.05 wide, fourth eye row 0.58 wide. MOA 0.85 long, front width 0.26, back width 0.58. Clypeus width 0.52. Chelicerae yellow, with two promarginal and one retromarginal teeth. Femur of palp with four dorsal spines. Endites and labium orange. Sternum yellowish, with some erect long setae. Endite longer than wide (0.75: 0.37). Labium longer than wide (0.54: 0.34). Sternum longer than wide (1.17: 0.94).</p> <p>Opisthosoma long oval; dorsum with many white scales and a mesal wide white yellow longitudinal stripe, posterior end with a pair of small dark patches; venter white yellow, with some lateral scales and a mesal wide dark brown longitudinal band behind the epigastric furrow.</p> <p>Legs yellow, lacking bands. Tibiae with long dorsal trichobothria, only tibia IV with a short ventral spine distally. Leg formula: 1243.</p> <p>Leg measurements:</p> <p>femur patella+tibia Metatarsus tarsus total</p> <p>I 2.66 3.38 2.16 1.04 9.24</p> <p>II 2.43 3.06 2.03 0.95 8.47</p> <p>III 2.07 2.34 1.62 0.77 6.80</p> <p>IV 2.12 2.25 1.80 0.81 6.98</p> <p>Epigynum as illustrated (Figs. 2–3), with a posterior round depression and two lateral longitudinal ridges in it, intromittent orifices at the anterior end of the ridges.</p> <p>Male. Total length 4.95–5.04. One male total length 4.95: prosoma 2.43 long, 1.98 wide; opisthosoma 2.61 long, 1.35 wide. Carapace pear­like. Eye diameters: AME 0.09, ALE 0.20, PME 0.16, PLE 0.16. Distances AME–AME 0.12, AME–ALE 0.07, PME– PME 0.27, PME–PLE 0.27. First eye row 0.25 wide, second eye row 0.56 wide, third eye row 0.98 wide, fourth eye row 0.56 wide. MOA 0.82 long, front width 0.25, back width 0.56. Clypeus width 0.47. Tibiae III and IV with a pair of short ventral spines distally. Opisthosoma lacking white scales, dorsum with an earthy yellow rhombic patch and two pairs of grayish spots at anterior half part; venter brown, with some yellow brown lines laterally. Other characters similar to those of female. Leg formula: 1243.</p> <p>Palp measurements:</p> <p>femur patella Tibia tarsus total</p> <p>palp 0.70 0.31 0.31 1.12 2.44</p> <p>Leg measurements:</p> <p>femur patella+tibia Metatarsus tarsus total</p> <p>I 2.57 3.24 2.30 1.17 9.28</p> <p>II 2.39 2.97 2.12 1.08 8.56</p> <p>III 2.07 2.30 1.67 0.77 6.81</p> <p>IV 2.07 2.16 1.89 0.81 6.93</p> <p>Male palp as illustrated (Figs. 4–5); cymbium with a basal auricular outgrowth; median apophysis almost transverse, with its tip hooked; embolus tapered distally, with a membranous process and a basal twist; conductor long and wide, accompanying the tapered embolus, with a lateral swelling, its tip cuspate and close to distal end of median apophysis; ventral tibial apophysis short and thumb­like, retrolateral tibial apophysis flat.</p> <p>Distribution. China: Fujian.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F6D87F0FFD1CB52896D6FF0FD73F8F2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Jun-Xia;Zhu, Ming-Sheng;Song, Da-Xiang	Zhang, Jun-Xia, Zhu, Ming-Sheng, Song, Da-Xiang (2005): Revision of the spider genus Hamataliwa Keyserling from China (Araneae: Oxyopidae). Zootaxa 1017 (1017): 1-17
4F6D87F0FFD4CB5F896D6D70FD5AFCB4.text	4F6D87F0FFD4CB5F896D6D70FD5AFCB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hamataliwa cordata Zhang & Zhu & Song 2005	<div><p>Hamataliwa cordata sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 6–10)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype female, CHINA: Guangxi Province, Tianlin County, N 24°18’, E 106°12’, Langping, 28 May 2002, C. Zhang leg. (MHBU). Paratype: 1 male, same data as holotype (MHBU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species resembles Hamataliwa labialis (Song, 1991) in the heartlike depression of female epigynum, but can be easily distinguished from the latter in copulatory ducts of female epigynum short, spermathecae oval (Fig. 8); tip of median apophysis of male palpal organ round, conductor complex, with four distal processes, ventral tibial apophysis large and hammer­like, retrolateral tibial apophysis almost rectangular with a small process (Figs. 9–10).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin word “cordatus, ­a, ­um” and refers to the heart­like posterior depression of the female epigynum; adjective.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Female (holotype): Total length 4.95. Prosoma 2.25 long, 1.80 wide; opisthosoma 2.84 long, 1.80 wide. Carapace red brown, with some brown bands on clypeus, in front of fovea and behind posterior median eyes; eyes area black. Eye diameters: AME 0.10, ALE 0.22, PME 0.18, PLE 0.18. Distances AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.07, PME–PME 0.34, PME–PLE 0.30. First eye row 0.27 wide, second eye row 0.65 wide, third eye row 1.14 wide, fourth eye row 0.65 wide. MOA 0.78 long, front width 0.27, back width 0.65. Clypeus width 0.46. Chelicerae red brown, with two promarginal and one retromarginal teeth. Femur of palp with four dorsal spines. Endites red brown. Labium grey brown. Sternum yellow, with grey brown lateral margins, lacking erect setae. Endite longer than wide (0.63: 0.34). Labium longer than wide (0.48: 0.34). Sternum longer than wide (1.09: 0.82).</p> <p>Opisthosoma oval; dorsum brownish­yellow, with irregular dark brown markings and three short transverse bands at posterior part; venter brownish­yellow, with a mesal wide brown longitudinal stripe behind the epigastric furrow.</p> <p>Legs yellow brown, with grey brown stripes. Tibiae with long dorsal trichobothria, tibia III with a short ventral spine distally. Leg formula: 1234.</p> <p>Leg measurements:</p> <p>femur patella+tibia metatarsus tarsus total</p> <p>I 2.34 2.75 1.71 0.90 7.70</p> <p>II 2.12 2.52 1.62 0.90 7.16</p> <p>III 1.85 1.98 1.35 0.63 5.81</p> <p>IV 1.62 1.80 1.35 0.63 5.40</p> <p>Epigynum as illustrated (Figs. 7–8), posterior depression heart­like, with intromittent orifices at the anterior end of its lateral edges; copulatory ducts short, spermathecae oval.</p> <p>Male. Total length 4.55. Prosoma 2.16 long, 1.67 wide; opisthosoma 2.52 long, 1.26 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.07, ALE 0.23, PME 0.14, PLE 0.14. Distances AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.29, PME–PLE 0.27. First eye row 0.25 wide, second eye row 0.57 wide, third eye row 1.00 wide, fourth eye row 0.57 wide. MOA 0.77 long, front width 0.25, back width 0.57. Clypeus width 0.34. Tibiae III and IV with a pair of short ventral spines distally. Dorsum of opisthosoma yellow brown, with indistinct black markings and two short dark brown transverse bands at posterior part. Other characters similar to those of female. Leg formula: 1234.</p> <p>Palp measurements:</p> <p>femur patella tibia tarsus total</p> <p>palp 0.56 0.30 0.25 0.99 2.10</p> <p>Leg measurements:</p> <p>femur patella+tibia metatarsus tarsus total</p> <p>I 2.25 2.79 1.85 1.04 7.93</p> <p>II 2.16 2.61 1.71 0.90 7.38</p> <p>III 1.71 2.07 1.44 0.72 5.94</p> <p>IV 1.58 1.80 1.58 0.77 5.73</p> <p>Male palp as illustrated (Figs. 9–10); basal outgrowth of cymbium finger­shaped in lateral view; median apophysis longitudinal and almost triangular, with its base wide and distal end rounded and slightly hooked; embolus long, with a membranous process and a basal twist, its distal end hidden behind the conductor; conductor complex, with four distal processes; ventral tibial apophysis large and hammer­like in ventral view, retrolateral tibial apophysis small with a small process.</p> <p>Distribution. China: Guangxi.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F6D87F0FFD4CB5F896D6D70FD5AFCB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Jun-Xia;Zhu, Ming-Sheng;Song, Da-Xiang	Zhang, Jun-Xia, Zhu, Ming-Sheng, Song, Da-Xiang (2005): Revision of the spider genus Hamataliwa Keyserling from China (Araneae: Oxyopidae). Zootaxa 1017 (1017): 1-17
4F6D87F0FFDACB5D896D6FABFD6AFB5A.text	4F6D87F0FFDACB5D896D6FABFD6AFB5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hamataliwa labialis (Song 1991) Zhang & Zhu & Song 2005	<div><p>Hamataliwa labialis (Song, 1991) comb. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 11–15)</p> <p>Oxyopes labialis Song 1991: 170, figs. 2A–D (female holotype and 1 male allotype from Jianfengling, Hainan Province, China, N 18°42’, E 108°48’, IZB, examined). — Song, Zhu &amp; Chen 1999: 400, figs. 234A–B, 235G, 236G.</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species is similar to Hamataliwa cordata sp. nov. in female epigynum with a heart­like depression, but it differs from the latter in copulatory ducts of female epigynum long and swollen at the base (Fig. 13); tip of median apophysis of male palpal organ beak­shaped, conductor relatively simple, with a lateral lobe and a triangular process, ventral tibial apophysis small and club­like, retrolateral tibial apophysis flat (Figs. 14–15).</p> <p>Redescription.</p> <p>Female (holotype): Total length 5.16. Prosoma 2.58 long, 2.10 wide; opisthosoma 2.39 long, 1.67 wide. Carapace red brown, with some white hairs and brown streaks; eyes area black brown. Chelicerae with two promarginal and one retromarginal teeth. Labium longer than wide, with dark patches on basal half.</p> <p>Opisthosoma oval; dorsum white yellow, with two pairs of brown spots and five chevron­shaped brown bands across horizontal axis, posterior half of dorsum grayish laterally; venter with a mesal wide brownish longitudinal stripe behind the epigastric furrow.</p> <p>Legs orange, with dark brown annulations from femora to tarsi. Leg formula: 1234.</p> <p>Leg measurements:</p> <p>femur patella+tibia metatarsus tarsus total</p> <p>I 2.55 3.06 1.90 0.94 8.45</p> <p>II 2.36 2.75 1.74 0.82 7.67</p> <p>III 1.94 2.10 1.48 0.72 6.24</p> <p>IV 1.71 1.97 1.52 0.68 5.88</p> <p>Epigynum as illustrated (Figs. 12–13); posterior depression small and somewhat heartlike, with intromittent orifices at the anterior end of its lateral edges; base of copulatory ducts swollen, spermathecae round.</p> <p>Male. Total length 4.45. Prosoma 2.13 long, 1.74 wide; opisthosoma 1.94 long, 1.50 wide. Dorsum of opisthosoma with some brownish spots. Leg IV darker than leg III. Other characters similar to those of female. Leg formula: 1234.</p> <p>Palp measurements:</p> <p>femur patella Tibia tarsus total</p> <p>palp 0.89 0.32 0.35 0.94 2.50</p> <p>Leg measurements:</p> <p>femur patella+tibia metatarsus tarsus total</p> <p>I 2.39 2.90 1.90 0.91 8.10</p> <p>II 2.26 2.81 1.77 0.81 7.65</p> <p>III 1.77 2.20 1.45 0.72 6.14</p> <p>IV 1.55 1.90 1.42 0.70 5.57</p> <p>Male palp as illustrated (Figs. 14–15); basal outgrowth of cymbium almost triangular in ventral view; median apophysis longitudinal and slightly sclerotized, with its tip beakshaped; embolus long, with small basal twist, the membranous process indistinct, its distal part flagelliform and accompanying conductor; conductor with lateral lobe and distal triangular process; in lateral view, ventral tibial apophysis thumb­like, and retrolateral tibial apophysis flat..</p> <p>Distribution. China: Hainan.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F6D87F0FFDACB5D896D6FABFD6AFB5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Jun-Xia;Zhu, Ming-Sheng;Song, Da-Xiang	Zhang, Jun-Xia, Zhu, Ming-Sheng, Song, Da-Xiang (2005): Revision of the spider genus Hamataliwa Keyserling from China (Araneae: Oxyopidae). Zootaxa 1017 (1017): 1-17
4F6D87F0FFD8CB5B896D68B6FD5EFAF9.text	4F6D87F0FFD8CB5B896D68B6FD5EFAF9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hamataliwa sanmenensis Song et Zheng 1992	<div><p>Hamataliwa sanmenensis Song et Zheng, 1992</p> <p>(Figs. 16–20)</p> <p>Hamataliwa sanmenensis Song &amp; Zheng 1992: 30, figs. 1–4 (female holotype, 1 male allotype and 1 male paratype from Sanmen, Zhejiang Province, China, N 29°6’, E 121°18’, IZB, examined). — Song, Zhu &amp; Chen 1999: 399, figs. 233E–H.</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species resembles Hamataliwa tricuspidata F. O. Pickard­Cambridge, 1902 (Brady, 1970: 100, figs. 50–53, 104–106, 128–129) in female epigynum with a large posterior depression and in the shape of median apophysis of male palpal bulb, but it can be easily distinguished from the latter by spermathecae of female epigynum small and oval (Fig. 18); conductor of male palpal bulb with two distal processes, the upper one larger and triangular in shape, the lower one small with its tip round and hooked; retrolateral tibial apophysis large and flat, hatchet­like (Figs. 19–20).</p> <p>Redescription.</p> <p>Female (holotype): Total length 3.97. Prosoma 1.71 long, 1.45 wide; opisthosoma 2.36 long, 1.39 wide. Carapace brown, covered with many yellow and some brown hairs, posterior end brownish, clypeus with some dark brown spots. Chelicerae short, promargin with a small tooth and retromargin lacking tooth. Endites and labium orange, with brown hairs. Sternum with scattered yellow hairs.</p> <p>Opisthosoma oval; dorsum yellow brown, covered with brown fine hairs, with four indistinct brown patches; venter yellow brown, lacking distinct patches.</p> <p>Legs yellow brown, with some brown stripes. Leg formula: 1243.</p> <p>Leg measurements:</p> <p>femur patella+tibia metatarsus tarsus total</p> <p>I 1.45 1.55 1.10 0.58 4.68</p> <p>II 1.23 1.29 0.88 0.51 3.91</p> <p>III 0.97 0.97 0.55 0.42 2.91</p> <p>IV 1.13 0.97 0.81 0.42 3.33</p> <p>Epigynum as illustrated (Figs. 17–18); posterior depression large and elliptic, with highly sclerotized rims, intromittent orifices at the posterior ends of its lateral edges; copulatory ducts thin, spermathecae oval, fertilization ducts long and thin.</p> <p>Male. Total length 3.29–3.33. One male total length 3.33: prosoma 1.77 long, 1.42 wide; opisthosoma 1.74 long, 1.13 wide. Sternum with dark edges. Opisthosoma dark brown. Other characters similar to those of female. Leg formula: 1243.</p> <p>Palp measurements:</p> <p>femur patella tibia tarsus total</p> <p>palp 0.48 0.16 0.29 0.75 1.68</p> <p>Leg measurements:</p> <p>femur patella+tibia metatarsus tarsus total</p> <p>I 1.58 1.80 1.55 0.65 5.58</p> <p>II 1.32 1.55 1.13 0.65 4.65</p> <p>III 1.03 1.10 0.75 0.42 3.30</p> <p>IV 1.10 1.16 0.94 0.58 3.78</p> <p>Male palp as illustrated (Figs. 19–20); basal outgrowth of cymbium with a ridge; median apophysis longitudinal with its tip twisted; embolus with a small basal twist, the membranous process indistinct, its distal part tapered and accompanying the conductor; conductor with two distal processes, the upper one larger and triangular in shape, the lower one small with its tip round and hooked; ventral tibial apophysis club­shaped in ventral view, retrolateral tibial apophysis large and flat, hatchet­like.</p> <p>Distribution. China: Zhejiang.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F6D87F0FFD8CB5B896D68B6FD5EFAF9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Jun-Xia;Zhu, Ming-Sheng;Song, Da-Xiang	Zhang, Jun-Xia, Zhu, Ming-Sheng, Song, Da-Xiang (2005): Revision of the spider genus Hamataliwa Keyserling from China (Araneae: Oxyopidae). Zootaxa 1017 (1017): 1-17
4F6D87F0FFDECB58896D69EEFBDCFAA7.text	4F6D87F0FFDECB58896D69EEFBDCFAA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hamataliwa sikkimensis (Tikader 1970) Zhang & Zhu & Song 2005	<div><p>Hamataliwa sikkimensis (Tikader, 1970) comb. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 21–25)</p> <p>Oxyopes sikkimensis Tikader 1970: 76, figs. 47a–c (female holotype, 2 male allotypes and 4 female paratypes from West Sikkim, India, NZC, not examined). — Tikader &amp; Biswas 1981: 64, figs. 108–109. —Hu, Zhang &amp; Li 1983: 9, figs. 2A–C. — Song 1991: 171, figs. 3A–D. — Song, Zhu &amp; Chen 1999: 400, figs. 234O–P, 235K, 237B. — Gajbe 1999: 47, figs. 34–36.</p> <p>Material examined. CHINA: Guangxi Province: Luocheng County, N 24°42’, E 108°54’, Pingying, 3 females and 1 male, 28 July 2003, X. J. Yang and J. Y. Yang leg. (MHBU); Luocheng County, N 24°42’, E 108°54’, Yuxi, 4 females and 2 males, 30 July 2003, X. J. Yang and J. Y. Yang leg. (MHBU); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.1/lat 25.0)">Hechi City</a>, Tiane County, N 25°00’, E 107°06’, 2 females, 14 September 2002, M. Bai leg. (MHBU); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.8" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.3/lat 22.8)">Nanning City</a>, N 22°48’, E 108°18’, Liangfengjiang, 2 females, 7 August 2000, J. X. Zhang leg. (MHBU); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.7&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.1" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.7/lat 22.1)">Pingxiang City</a>, N 22°06’, E 106°42’, 1 female and 1 male, 16 August 2000, F. X. Liu leg. (LSHU); Daxin County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.8" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.8/lat 22.8)">Shuolong</a>, N 22°48’, E 106°48’, 1 male, 20 August 2000, F. X. Liu leg. (LSHU). Yunnan Province: Menghai County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.0/lat 21.6)">Daluo</a>, N 21°36’, E 100°00’, 2 females, 31 July 2000, M. S. Zhu leg. (MHBU); 1 female, 9 September 2000, F. X. Liu leg. (LSHU); Menghai County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=21.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.6/lat 21.5)">Menglong</a>, N 21°30’, E 100°36’, 1 male, 29 July 2000, F. Zhang leg. (MHBU); Menghai County, N 21°54’, E 100°30’, 1 female, 2 August 2000, J. X. Zhang leg. (MHBU); Mengla County, N 21°24’, E 101°30’, 1 female, 24 July 2000, M. S. Zhu leg. (MHBU); Funing County, N 23°30’, E 105°36’, 1 female and 2 males, 23 August 2000, F. X. Liu leg. (LSHU); Malipo County, N 23°06’, E 104°42’, 1 female, 26 August 2000, F. X. Liu leg. (LSHU); Hekou County, N 22°24’, E 103°54’, 1 male, 28 August 2000, F. X. Liu leg. (LSHU). Guizhou Province: Libo County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.2" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.9/lat 25.2)">Wengang</a>, N 25°12’, E 107°54’, 5 females and 3 males, 9 August 2001, J. X. Zhang and Z. S. Zhang leg. (MHBU); 7 females and 1 male, 10 August 2001, J. X. Zhang leg. (MHBU); 2 females, 11 August 2001, J. X. Zhang leg. (MHBU); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.6/lat 27.9)">Fanjing Mountain</a>, N 27°54’, E 108°36’, 2 females, 4 August 2001, Z. S. Zhang leg. (MHBU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species is similar to Hamataliwa sanmenensis Song &amp; Zheng, 1992 in copulatory ducts of female epigynum long and thin, spermathecae small and oval (Fig. 23), but it differs from this species in having the depression of female epigynum as long as wide (Fig. 22); tip of conductor of male palpal bulb sickle­like, distal end of ventral tibial apophysis not swollen, retrolateral tibial apophysis small and flat, not hatchet­like (Figs. 24–25).</p> <p>Redescription.</p> <p>Female: Total length 8.69–10.50. One female total length 10.50: prosoma 4.32 long, 3.51 wide; opisthosoma 6.39 long, 2.97 wide. Carapace white orange, with some dark fine hairs, eyes area black. Clypeus oblique from front edge to AME. Eye diameters: AME 0.12, ALE 0.29, PME 0.26, PLE 0.26. Distances AME–AME 0.17, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.34, PME–PLE 0.32. First eye row 0.34 wide, second eye row 0.82 wide, third eye row 1.43 wide, fourth eye row 0.82 wide. MOA 1.09 long, front width 0.34, back width 0.82. Clypeus width 0.78. Chelicerae white orange, with distal part dark brown, promargin with two teeth and retromargin with only one tooth. Femur of palp with four dorsal spines. Endites orange, with distal end brown. Labium orange, with distal part white. Sternum yellow, with a few erect setae. Endite longer than wide (1.62: 0.56). Labium longer than wide (1.12: 0.61). Sternum longer than wide (2.03: 1.62).</p> <p>Opisthosoma elongate oval; dorsum brown, scattered with dark small spots and lines, with some white spots and two pairs of red orange spots laterally, anterior part with yellowish brown rhombic patch; venter black brown behind epigastric furrow, with two lateral yellowish brown longitudinal stripes.</p> <p>Legs pale orange, femur I dark brown, with a few brown bands. Tibiae with long dorsal trichobothria. Leg formula: 1243.</p> <p>Leg measurements:</p> <p>femur patella+tibia metatarsus tarsus Total</p> <p>I 4.68 6.44 4.41 1.76 17.29</p> <p>II 4.77 6.03 3.96 1.53 16.29</p> <p>III 4.41 5.09 3.83 1.40 14.73</p> <p>IV 4.73 5.22 4.55 1.40 15.90</p> <p>Epigynum as illustrated (Figs. 22–23), posterior depression almost circular, with intromittent orifices at the posterior end of its lateral edges; copulatory ducts thin and curved, spermathecae oval, fertilization ducts long and thin.</p> <p>Male. Total length 6.39–6.84. One male total length 6.80: prosoma 3.15 long, 2.43 wide; opisthosoma 3.78 long, 1.40 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.09, ALE 0.25, PME 0.23, PLE 0.23. Distances AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.07, PME–PME 0.31, PME–PLE 0.23. First eye row 0.30 wide, second eye row 0.70 wide, third eye row 1.17 wide, fourth eye row 0.69 wide. MOA 0.91 long, front width 0.30, back width 0.69. Clypeus width 0.60. Patches on dorsum of opisthosoma indistinct. Legs relatively longer than those of female. Other characters similar to those of female. Leg formula: 1234.</p> <p>Palp measurements:</p> <p>femur patella tibia tarsus total</p> <p>palp 1.05 0.39 0.34 1.33 3.11</p> <p>Leg measurements:</p> <p>femur patella+tibia metatarsus tarsus total</p> <p>I 3.56 4.91 3.78 1.40 13.65</p> <p>II 3.60 4.46 3.56 1.26 12.88</p> <p>III 3.38 4.05 3.15 1.17 11.75</p> <p>IV 3.29 3.83 3.24 1.17 11.53</p> <p>Male palp as illustrated (Figs. 24–25); basal outgrowth of cymbium almost triangular in ventral view, with ridge; median apophysis longitudinal, with basal membranous protuberance and small distal triangular process; embolus with large basal twist, membranous process indistinct, distal part of embolus relatively wide; conductor simple, lacking process, with its tip sickle­like; ventral tibial apophysis club­shaped in ventral view, retrolateral tibial apophysis flat, with small triangular process in lateral view.</p> <p>Distribution. China: Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan; India.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F6D87F0FFDECB58896D69EEFBDCFAA7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Zhang, Jun-Xia;Zhu, Ming-Sheng;Song, Da-Xiang	Zhang, Jun-Xia, Zhu, Ming-Sheng, Song, Da-Xiang (2005): Revision of the spider genus Hamataliwa Keyserling from China (Araneae: Oxyopidae). Zootaxa 1017 (1017): 1-17
