identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
1311431F5146EF34697E714C0C647C4C.text	1311431F5146EF34697E714C0C647C4C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bicurta sinica Sheng, Broad & Sun 2012	<div><p>Bicurta sinica Sheng, Broad &amp; Sun sp. n. Figs 4- 11</p> <p>Material examined.</p> <p>Holotype female, CHINA: Guanshan, 430 m, Yifeng County, Jiangxi Province, 20 April 2009, leg. Ling-Li Yi and Yi Li (GSFPM).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Habitus: Fig. 4. Female. Body length 10.5 mm. Fore wing length 7.6 mm. Ovipositor length about 1.5 mm.</p> <p>Head.</p> <p>Face approximately flat, 1.4 × as wide as long, with even punctures, distance between punctures 0.2 to 1.0 × diameter of puncture, lateral sides (inner orbit) impunctate and with fine granular texture. Clypeus nearly flat, about 2.2 × as wide as long, with fine, sparse punctures, distance between punctures 2 to 4 × diameter of puncture, apical portion smooth, impunctate. Labrum crescentic, about 0.33 × as long as wide. Malar space with fine leathery texture, without subocular sulcus, approximately 0.4 × as long as basal width of mandible. Gena glossy, with distinct fine punctures, in lateral view approximately 0.66 × as long as width of eye, evenly convergent backward. Posterior portion of vertex with fine punctures, portion between lateral ocellus and eye with fine leathery texture. Interocellar area slightly convex, with fine longitudinal wrinkles. Postero-ocellar line approximately as long as ocular-ocellar line. Dorsolateral part of frons with fine punctures, distance between punctures about as long as diameter of puncture; median portion narrowly smooth longitudinally; ventral portion with weak median longitudinal carina reaching to median protuberance of face. Antenna 5 mm, with 20 flagellomeres, ratio of length of flagellomere 1:2:3:4:5 is 5.5:4.0:3.8:3.7:3.4; last flagellomere 3 × as long as wide, approximately as long as fourth flagellomere. Distance from hypostomal carina to mandible about as long as basal width of mandible.</p> <p>Mesosoma.</p> <p>Anterior portion of pronotum with fine longitudinal wrinkles; dorsal portion slightly scabrous; near dorsomedian portion with transverse wrinkles, posterior sections of the wrinkles parallel dorsal margin of pronotum; ventral portion with dense transverse wrinkles. Epomia indistinctly differentiated from strong oblique wrinkles. Mesoscutum with fine punctures; punctures on middle lobe denser than on lateral lobe, distance between punctures 0.2 to 2.5 × diameter of puncture; distance between punctures on lateral lobe 0.5 to 3.5 × diameter of puncture; posterior median portion with longitudinal concave and transverse wrinkles. Scutellum with dense punctures, distance between punctures 0.2 to 0.5 × diameter of puncture. Postscutellum with rel atively large, elongate punctures. Lower portion of mesopleuron slightly scabrous, with dense punctures; dorsoanterior portion, in front of subalar prominence, with short longitudinal wrinkles; median portion (anterior to speculum) and ventroposterior por tion with short transverse wrinkles. Speculum relatively large. Mesosternum densely punctate. Median longitudinal suture of mesosternum distinct, slightly widening posteriorly. Metapleuron scabrous, with irregular, elongate punctures. Metasternum elongate, approximately 0.6 × as long as mesosternum, with distinct median longitudinal carina and irregular transverse wrinkles. Wing hyaline with slight grey tinge. 2 rs-m basad 2 m-cu by 0.66 × length of 2 rs-m. Vein 2- Cu as long as 2 cu-a. Hind coxa with distinct punctures. Ratio of length of hind tarsomeres 1:2:3:4:5 is 10.0:4.2:2.9:2.0:4.2. Propodeum between carinae with distinct transverse wrinkles. Propodeal spiracle 1.4 × as long as maximum width, distance to pleural carina approximately 2.6 × as long as distance to lateral longitudinal carina.</p> <p>Metasoma.</p> <p>First tergum approximately 5 × as long as apical width, with longitudinal wrinkles, between wrinkles with punctures; without longitudinal carina; spiracle convex, located at basal 0.42. Second tergum about 2.0 × as long as apical width, slightly widened posteriorly, with sparse, indistinct punctures. Third tergum with even, fine hairs, gradually weaker and indistinct posteriorly. Ovipositor sheath about 0.27 × as long as hind tibia. Ovipositor very slightly compressed.</p> <p>Colour.</p> <p>Black. Ventral, inner orbits, clypeus, stripe passing through anterior tentorial pits, mandible except teeth, yellow; ventral profile of antenna brown to yellowish brown. Labial and maxillary palpi, fore and mid legs, trochantellus of hind leg, hind tarsomeres buff. Apex of hind coxa, ventral profile of trochanter of hind leg, basal and apical portion of hind femur brown. Basal 0.65 of hind tibia dull yellow, fading to dark brown apical 0.35. Tegula dark brown. Hind margins of terga 3 to 6 narrowly yellow. Wing venation, including pterostigma dark brown.</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>Named after the country, China, where the unique specimen was collected.</p> <p>Diagnosis.</p> <p>A distinctive species with the short, featureless ovipositor, rather massive hind leg, lobate fore and mid claws, short antennae and well-marked facial pattern.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1311431F5146EF34697E714C0C647C4C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sheng, Mao-Ling;Broad, Gavin R.;Sun, Shu-Ping	Sheng, Mao-Ling, Broad, Gavin R., Sun, Shu-Ping (2012): A new genus and species of Collyriinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 25: 103-125, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.25.2319, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.25.2319
4BE2EAA77A5E9B97FFD51F2BCA30AFFD.text	4BE2EAA77A5E9B97FFD51F2BCA30AFFD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Collyria Cushman	<div><p>Collyriinae Cushman</p> <p>Diagnosis.</p> <p>Collyriinae can be distinguished from all other subfamilies of Ichneumonidae by the following combination of characters: 1) dorsal part of face with a bifurcate carina extending between the antennal sockets and 2) antenna short, only slightly longer than combined length of head and mesosoma, 0.65-0.7 × length of fore wing. Additional distinctive characters, in combination (individually, all are shared with other taxa) are the elongate propodeum with strong lateromedian longitudinal carinae, very stout hind femur, elongate hind coxa and the subclavate shape of the metasoma.</p> <p>As the concept of Collyriinae has now been expanded since Townes’s (1971) definition, we provide a modified description of the subfamily below.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Antenna short, c. 0.65-0.7 × length of fore wing. Male flagellum without tyloids. Mesosoma subcylindric. Occipital carina complete, evenly arched dorsally. Ventrally reaching hypostomal carina well behind base of mandible. Dorsal part of face with a bifurcate carina extending between antennal sockets. Clypeal suture vestigial between clypeal foveae, clypeus faintly convex, apical margin with median tooth or protruberance. Basal portion of mandible wider, strongly narrowed toward apex, teeth sharp, teeth subequal or lower tooth longer than upper tooth. Maxillary palpus with 5 segments, labial palpus with 4 segments. Foramen magnum not expanded laterally. Anterior slope of mid lobe of mesoscutum approximately vertical. Epomia absent. Notaulus long. Epicnemial carina present. Postpectal carina incomplete. Propodeum long, rather cylindrical, longitudinal carinae developed to varying degrees, transverse carinae absent, juxtacoxal carina absent, propodeal spiracle oval. Apex of fore tibia without a tooth on outer side. Fore and hind tibiae each with two spurs. Fore and mid tarsal claws each with either tooth at mid-length or basal lobe, hind tarsal claw large, simple, strongly curved. Hind femur stout, 3.0-3.6 × as long as maximally deep. Metasoma subclavate, weakly laterally compressed in distal half. First metasomal segment long, narrow, spiracles anterior to middle, sclerotized part of first sternum extending to middle of tergite or anterior to this. Last visible tergite usually elongate. Hypopygium not elongate. Ovipositor slightly to markedly decurved. Fore wing vein 1 cu-a opposite 1/ M, vein 3 rs-m absent. Hind wing with abscissa of Cu between M+Cu and cu-a strongly reclivous, about 0.2 × as long as cu-a.</p> <p>Biology.</p> <p>Collyria coxator (Villers) is a common parasitoid of Cephus pygmaeus (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) in Europe and a detailed account of its life history was published by Salt (1931). Another species of Collyria, Collyria catoptron Wahl, has been reared from Cephus fumipennis Eversmann(Wahl et al. 2007). Little is known about the biology of other species but they are likely to all be parasitoids of Cephidae. The biology of the genus is unusual for Ichneumonidae in that oviposition is into the host egg with emergence from the fully grown host larva after it has spun its cocoon (Salt 1931). Nothing is known of the biology of Bicurta sinica sp. n. or of Aubertiella nigricator (Aubert 1964).</p> <p>Geographic range.</p> <p>The nine described Collyria species are found across the Palaearctic, although with few published records from the Eastern Palaearctic (Yu et al. 2009). Collyria coxator was introduced to Canada (Saskatchewan) (Smith 1931) in an unsuccessful (Carlson 1979) attempt to control the native Cephus cinctus Norton. However, it does seem to have become established in North America as a parasitoid of the introduced Cephus pygmaeus (Filipy et al. 1985). Aubertiella nigricator is known from Israel and Syria (Kuslitzky and Kasparyan 2011).</p> <p>Included species.</p> <p>Aubertiella nigricator (Aubert, 1964) (originally described in Collyria), Collyria catoptron Wahl, 2007; Collyria coxator (Villers, 1789); Collyria distincta Izquierdo &amp; Rey del Castillo, 1985; Collyria fuscipennis (Kriechbaumer, 1894); Collyria iberica Schmiedeknecht, 1908; Collyria isparta Gurbuz &amp; Kolarov, 2006; Collyria orientator Aubert, 1979; Collyria sagitta Kuzin, 1950; Collyria trichophthalma (Thomson, 1877); and Bicurta sinica sp. n.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4BE2EAA77A5E9B97FFD51F2BCA30AFFD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sheng, Mao-Ling;Broad, Gavin R.;Sun, Shu-Ping	Sheng, Mao-Ling, Broad, Gavin R., Sun, Shu-Ping (2012): A new genus and species of Collyriinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 25: 103-125, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.25.2319, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.25.2319
03872BE480166A2B9A675CD44391DA40.text	03872BE480166A2B9A675CD44391DA40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bicurta Sheng, Broad & Sun 2012	<div><p>Bicurta Sheng, Broad &amp; Sun gen. n.</p> <p>Type species.</p> <p>Bicurta sinica Sheng, Broad &amp; Sun, sp. n.</p> <p>Diagnosis.</p> <p>Bicurta can be distinguished from Collyria by any of the following characters (state in Collyria in brackets: 1) epicnemial carina not clearly visible dorsal to mesosternum (carina distinct on mesopleuron); 2) ovipositor straight and smooth, without teeth on ventral valve (weakly decurved with weak teeth on ventral valve in most species; 3) fore and mid tarsal claws with acutely lobed tooth (with a weak medial tooth). Aubertiella resembles Bicurta in the very weak clypeal tubercle and simple ov ipositor but can be distinguished by the median teeth on the fore and mid tarsal claws (similar to Collyria), black face and the apical tergites retracted beneath the sixth tergite.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Clypeus nearly flat in lateral view, about 2.2 × as wide as high in anterior view (Fig. 10), median section of apical margin almost truncate, with an obtuse median tubercle or angulation. Mandible strongly narrowed toward apex, teeth sharp, lower tooth slightly longer than upper tooth. Dorsal part of face with bifurcate carina that extends between antennal sockets (Fig. 6a). Antenna short, 0.66x fore wing length, almost clubbed. Notaulus deep, reaching to middle of mesoscutum level with posterior margin of tegula (Fig. 11b). Epicnemial carina indistinct, not clearly visible dorsal to mesosternum (Fig. 11a) although slight furrow can be traced dorsally, far posterior to front edge of mesopleuron. Sternaulus vestigial on anterior 0.4 of mesopleuron. Scutellum and postscutellum approximately flat. Anterior section of submetapleural carina vestigial. Areolet absent. Fore wing with vein 1 cu-a opposite 1/ M; 2 m-cu slightly inclivous, with one bulla. Hind wing with abscissa of Cu between M+Cu and cu-a much longer than cu-a (Cu 1 originating close to vein M). Fore and mid tarsal claws elongate with acutely lobed tooth (Fig. 8a). Hind tarsal claw simple (Fig. 8b). Hind coxa elongate, almost as long as first tergite. Hind femur stout, 3.3x as long as maximally deep. Hind leg particularly long, in total 1.9x length of fore wing. Hind coxa elongate, about 0.8 × as long as hind femur, Propodeum elongate, with complete longitudinal carinae, median longitudinal carinae slightly convergent posteriorly, without transverse carinae (Fig. 5a). Propodeal spiracle obliquely elliptical, located at about mid-length of propodeum. Basal portion of metasoma narrow and elongate, apical portion laterally compressed. First tergum approximately 5 × as long as apical width, without longitudinal carinae; sternum reaching half length of tergum, fused with tergum; without glymma; spiracle located at basal 0.42. Ovipositor smooth, without teeth on ventral valve (Fig. 9). Otherwise as in the description of the subfamily.</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>The name of the new genus is based on the short antenna and ovipositor sheath. The gender is feminine.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03872BE480166A2B9A675CD44391DA40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sheng, Mao-Ling;Broad, Gavin R.;Sun, Shu-Ping	Sheng, Mao-Ling, Broad, Gavin R., Sun, Shu-Ping (2012): A new genus and species of Collyriinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 25: 103-125, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.25.2319, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.25.2319
