taxonID	type	description	language	source
444A87947B66FFACFEC9FB9EFDA5FBA4.taxon	description	(Figures 1 – 3) Material examined Holotype: adult female, dissected, body length 1.28 mm (ZMH K- 41170). Weddell Sea, 67 ° 31 9 S, 00 ° 01 9 E, station 59 - 5, epinet, 14 February 2005, above the sea bed at depths of 4651 – 4655 m. Description Adult female. Total length 1.28 mm; prosome 4.1 times longer than urosome. Rostrum without filaments (Figure 1 C, D). Cephalosome and pediger 1 incompletely separate, pedigers 4 and 5 separate (Figure 1 A, B); posterior corners significantly indented in lateral view (Figure 1 B, E, G). Spermathecae oblong-round (Figure 1 E, G, H). Caudal rami with four terminal, one small dorsal and a small ventral setae (Figure 1 E, F, J). Antennule slightly longer than prosome. Antennule (Figure 1 K) of 24 free segments, armature as follows: I — 3 s, II – IV — 6 s + 1 ae, V — 2 s + 1 ae, VI — 2 s, VII — 2 s + 1 ae, VIII — 2 s, IX — 2 s + 1 ae; X – XI — 4 s + 1 ae, XII to XIII — 1 s each; XIV — 2 s + 1 ae, XV — 1 s, XVI — 2 s + 1 ae, XVII — 1 s, XVIII — 2 s, XIX — 1 s, XX — 2 s, XXI — 1 s + 1 ae, XXII to XXIII — 1 s each, XXIV to XXVI — 2 s each, XXVII – XXVIII — 4 s + 1 ae. Antenna (Figure 2 A): coxa and basis without setae; endopodal segment 1 with one seta, endopodal segment 2 with 12 setae; exopod seven-segmented with 0, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, and 3 setae. Mandible (Figure 3 A, B): gnathobase elongate, narrow; cutting edge narrow with deep incision; exopod of five segments with 1, 1, 1, 1, and 1 seta; endopod segment 1 with one seta, endopod segment 2 with nine setae; basis with one seta. Maxillule (Figure 3 C): praecoxal endite with nine terminal and two posterior setae; coxal endite with two setae, coxal epipodite with six setae; proximal basal endite with four setae, one of them longer and thicker than others and heavily setulated; distal basal endite fused to endopod with 10 setae in total, two of them longer and thicker than others and heavily setulated; exopod with six setae. Maxilla (Figure 3 D, E): proximal praecoxal endite with four setae, distal with three setae; proximal and distal coxal endites with three setae each; proximal basal endite with four setae, one of them thicker than others, one poorly sclerotized; distal basal endite plus endopod with eight sensory setae: five worm-like and three brush-like. Tips of worm-like sensory setae thread-like, one of brush-like setae thicker than others (Figure 3 E). Maxilliped (Figure 2 B): syncoxa without seta on proximal praecoxal endite, two setae on middle endite, and three setae on distal praecoxal endite; coxal endite with three setae. Basis with three medial, two distal setae and row of denticles proximally. Endopod of five segments with 4, 3, 2, 2 + 1 and 4 setae. P 1 (Figure 3 F): basis with tiny distolateral seta and medial distal seta moderately curved; endopod one-segmented with three medial and two terminal setae and small denticles along lateral edge distally; lateral lobe poorly developed, triangular. Exopod threesegmented, segment 1 with lateral spine, segment 2 with lateral spine and medial seta, segment 3 with lateral spine, terminal spine and three medial setae. All lateral spines of comparatively great lengths, distal one slightly shorter. P 2 (Figure 2 C): coxa with medial seta; endopod two-segmented, segment 1 with one medial seta, segment 2 with two medial, two terminal and one lateral setae and spinules on posterior surface. Exopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with lateral spine and medial seta each, segment 3 with three lateral spines, terminal spine and four medial setae. P 3 (Figure 2 D): coxa with medial seta; endopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with one medial seta each, segment 3 with two medial, two terminal and one lateral setae; segments 2 and 3 with scattered spinules on posterior surface. Exopod three-segmented, segments 1 and 2 with lateral spine and medial seta each, segment 3 with three lateral spines, terminal spine as long as combined lengths of segments 2 and 3 and very finely serrate. P 4 (Figure 2 E): coxa with medial seta, basis without seta; only proximal exo- and endopod segments intact: endopod segment 1 with one medial seta; exopod segment 1 with one lateral and one medial seta. Posterior surface of coxa, basis, and endopod segment 1 with spinules. P 5 (Figure 1 L): uniramous, three-segmented; coxae naked and fused by intercoxal sclerite; basis with small patch of denticles distolaterally; exopod with denticles on posterior surface, one short lateral, a moderately long subterminal spine, a long terminal unarticulated extension, and one long medial spine, all toothed; short lateral spine hardly reaching base of subterminal spine; subterminal spine exceeding mid-length of terminal unarticulated extension; medial spine extending nearly to tip of terminal extension. Male. Unknown. Etymology The specific name is derived from the Greek abyssos meaning bottomless, abyss, and refers to the type locality of the species. Remarks Markhaseva and Ferrari (2005) attributed four species to the genus Brodskius: B. benthopelagicus Markhaseva and Ferrari, 2005, B. confusus Markhaseva and Ferrari, 2005, B. paululus (Park, 1970), and B. robustipes (Grice and Hulsemann, 1965). The new species fits well the generic definition, but is distinguished from the above species by: (1) the lack of rostral filaments (present in other species); (2) presence of two setae on the second exopodal segment of the antenna (one seta in other species); (3) thread-like tips of maxillary worm-like sensory setae (not thread-like); and (4) the subterminal spine of P 5 having moderate length surpassing mid-length of terminal unarticulated extension. The new species shares a long subterminal spine of P 5 with B. confusus, however, it differs by a shorter lateral spine not reaching the base of the subterminal spine (exceeding the base in B. confusus); in other congeners the subterminal spine not reaching or hardly reaching midlength of terminal extension. An additional single female of an undescribed species of Brodskius was found in sample 042 - 2 at depths of 3680 – 3683 m (59 ° 40 9 S, 57 ° 35 9 W), collected on 27 January 2002, which could not be described due to poor condition. This specimen differs from congeners particularly by larger size (1.48 mm) and the presence of a well-developed rostrum furnished with two thick filaments.	en	Markhaseva, Elena L., Schulz, Knud (2007): New species of Brodskius, Rythabis, and Omorius (Crustacea: Calanoida) from deep Antarctic waters. Journal of Natural History 41 (13 - 16): 731-750, DOI: 10.1080/00222930701297772, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930701297772
444A87947B63FFA7FE73FBF5FE2CF92C.taxon	description	(Figures 4 – 7) Material examined Holotype: adult female, dissected, body length 1.35 mm (ZMH K- 41168). Scotia Sea, 58 ° 24 9 S, 25 ° 01 9 W, station 141 - 10, supranet, 23 February 2002, above the sea bed at depths of 2258 – 2281 m. Paratype: dissected, body length 1.28 mm (ZMH K- 41169), locality data as for holotype. Description Adult female. Total length 1.28, 1.35 mm; prosome 3.0 – 3.4 times longer than urosome. Cephalosome and pediger 1, and pedigers 4 and 5, incompletely separate (Figure 4 A, B, D – G); posterior corners of prosome rounded, asymmetrical, right one shorter (Figure 4 B, D, F). Genital double-somite nearly symmetrical (Figure 4 D). Spermathecae elongate, in distal half frontally directed (Figure 4 E – H). Caudal rami with four terminal setae, one small dorsal seta; ventral seta apparently missing (Figure 4 D, E). Antennule (Figures 4 A, 5 A) exceeding anterior margin of pedigerous somite 4; of 24 free segments, armature as follows: I — 3 s, II – IV — 6 s + 1 ae, V — 2 s + 1 ae, VI — 2 s, VII — 2 s + 1 ae, VIII — 2 s, IX — 2 s + 1 ae; X – XI — 4 s + 1 ae, XII – XIII — 1 s; XIV — 2 s + 1 ae, XV — 1 s, XVI — 2 s + 1 ae, XVII – XIX — 1 s each, XX — 2 s, XXI — 1 s + 1 ae, XXII – XXIII — 1 s each, XXIV – XXVI — 2 s each, XXVII – XXVIII — 4 s + 1 ae. Antenna (Figure 5 B, C): coxa with one seta, basis with two setae, exopod sevensegmented, ca 2.5 times as long as endopod, with 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3 setae; endopod segment 1 with two setae, segment 2 with seven and six setae. Mandible (Figure 5 D – G): gnathobase with five large and three small teeth, one seta and a row of spinules along cutting edge; basis with two setae; exopod of five segments with 1, 1, 1, 1 and 2 setae; endopod segment 1 with two setae, endopod segment 2 with nine setae. Maxillule (Figure 5 H): praecoxal endite with nine thick and one thin small terminal and four posterior setae; coxal endite with five setae; coxal epipodite with nine setae; proximal basal endite with four setae, distal basal endite with five setae fused to endopod, endopod with nine setae; exopod with four setae. Maxilla (Figure 6 A, B): proximal praecoxal endite with four setae, distal with three setae; proximal and distal coxal endites with three setae each; proximal basal endite with four setae: one thick, one sensory and one poorly sclerotized; distal basal endite plus endopod with six worm-like (three longer than others) and two brush-like sensory setae with distal filaments longer than setae itself (Figure 6 B). Maxilliped (Figure 6 C – E): syncoxa with groups of setae on praecoxal endites not well separated, one sensory worm-like on proximal praecoxal endite, two setae (one sclerotized and one sensory worm-like) on middle, and two setae (one sclerotized and one sensory brush-like with long filaments) on distal praecoxal endite. Syncoxa with four rows of denticles: first row on proximal praecoxal endite (Figure 6 C), second and third rows (of short and long denticles) between distal group of setae on praecoxal endite and coxal endite (Figure 6 D) and fourth row on coxal endite along distolateral edge. Basis with three medial setae, two distal setae and row of small denticles proximally; endopod five-segmented with 4, 4, 3, 3 + 1, and 4 setae. P 1 (Figure 6 F, G): basis with curved mediodistal seta; endopod one-segmented with poorly developed lateral lobe; three medial and two terminal setae present; endopod with denticles along proximal lateral edge and lateral corner distally. Exopod segment 1 with lateral spine and a row of small denticles along distal edge, segment 2 with lateral spine, one medial seta and row of small denticles along distal edge; segment 3 with lateral spine, one terminal and three medial setae. Lateral spines subequal in length, that of segment 1 extending well beyond base of lateral spine of segment 2, that of segment 2 well beyond base of lateral spine of segment 3. P 2 (Figure 7 A): coxa with medial seta; denticles on inner posterior surface of coxa and basis; endopod two-segmented, segment 1 with one medial seta, segment 2 with two medial, two terminal and one lateral setae; both segments with denticles on posterior surface. Exopod segments 1 and 2 with one medial seta and one lateral spine each, segment 3 with four medial setae, one terminal and three lateral spines; terminal spine slightly shorter than segment 3; segments 2 and 3 with posterior denticles. P 3 – P 4 (Figure 7 B, C): coxa with medial seta; coxa and basis with denticles on inner posterior surface; rami three-segmented; endopod segments 1 and 2 with one medial seta each, segment 3 with one lateral, two terminal and two medial setae; all segments with denticles on posterior surface. Exopod segments 1 and 2 with one medial seta and one lateral spine each, segment 3 with four medial setae, one terminal and three lateral spines, length of terminal spine subequal to that of segment 3; segments 2 and 3 of P 3 and all segments of P 4 ornamented with posterior denticles. P 5 (Figure 5 I) uniramous, three-segmented, coxa slightly smaller than basis, both with denticles on posterior surface medially and distally; exopod armed with four spines, one toothed medial, of greater length than others, one short lateral and two strong toothed spines distally; subterminal lateral spine slightly longer than terminal. Etymology The specific name asymmetrica refers to the asymmetrical shape of the prosomal posterior corners. Remarks Schulz and Beckmann (1995) placed the genus Rythabis in the family Tharybidae. This affiliation was supported by Bradford-Grieve (2001) and Vyshkvartzeva (2005) but was not accepted by Ohtsuka et al. (2003) and Boxshall and Halsey (2004), who included the genus in the Scolecitrichidae. Markhaseva and Ferrari (2005) considered the family placement as incompletely resolved. Rythabis accommodates R. atlantica Schulz, 1995, R. schulzi Markhaseva and Ferrari, 2005, and R. heptneri Markhaseva and Ferrari, 2005. Rythabis asymmetrica differs from congeners by: (1) posterior corners of prosome asymmetrical (symmetrical in other species of Rythabis); (2) elongate spermathecae, which are frontally directed in distal half (not directed frontally, or moderately frontally directed); (3) presence of 14 setae on the distal basal endite plus endopod of maxillule (17 setae in R. atlantica, 11 in R. heptneri, 13 in R. schulzi). The new species shares with R. atlantica an articulated terminal spine on P 5 exopod (unarticulated in other species of Rythabis) and two setae on the antenna endopod segment 1 (one seta) and thus appears more closely related to this species than to any other.	en	Markhaseva, Elena L., Schulz, Knud (2007): New species of Brodskius, Rythabis, and Omorius (Crustacea: Calanoida) from deep Antarctic waters. Journal of Natural History 41 (13 - 16): 731-750, DOI: 10.1080/00222930701297772, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930701297772
444A87947B69FFB8FE31FF03FC4FFEB9.taxon	description	(Figures 8 – 11) Material examined Holotype: adult female, poor condition, dissected, body length 1.86 mm (ZMH K- 41171). Scotia Sea, 60 ° 38 9 S, 53 ° 57 9 W, station 46 - 7, supranet, 30 January 2002, above the sea bed at depths of 2889 – 2893 m. Description Adult female. Total length 1.86 mm; prosome about 4.6 times longer than urosome. Rostrum without filaments (Figure 8 B, C). Cephalosome and pediger 1 and pedigers 4 and 5 separate (Figure 8 A, D, E). Right posterior corner of prosome rounded with small knob ventrally (Figure 8 E), left posterior corner probably folded back (Figure 8 D). In dorsal view, genital double-somite slightly swollen at mid-length; lateral surfaces of genital double-somite with denticles; spermathecae small, oblong (Figure 8 D, E, G). Caudal rami with four terminal setae, one small dorsal and one small ventral seta (Figure 8 D, F, H). Antennules broken (Figure 9 A), eight proximal free segments intact, armature as follows: I — 3 s, II – IV — 6 s + 2 ae, V — 1 s + 1 ae +?, VI — 2 s, VII — 1 s + 1 ae +?, VIII — 2 s + 1 ae, IX — 1 s +?, X – XI — 2 s +?. Antenna (Figure 9 B – D): coxa with one seta; basis with two setae, one very long extending to bases of subdistal setae of endopodal segment 1; endopodal segment 1 with two setae, endopodal segment 2 with seven and eight setae. Exopod eight-segmented, with 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, and 3 setae; third proximal segment small, incompletely separate from second segment. Mandible (Figure 9 E – G): gnathobase with tooth-like knob on posterior face and wide cutting edge, with eight blunt teeth and one seta; basis with three setae; exopod of five segments with 1, 1, 1, 1 and terminal setae broken; endopod segment 1 with two setae, endopod segment 2 with nine setae. Maxillule (Figure 9 H, J): praecoxal endite with nine terminal and four posterior setae; terminal setae 1 – 2 and 5 – 9 large (from proximal to distal), setae 3 – 4 small and slightly curved. (Figure 9 J); coxal endite with two setae; coxal epipodite with nine setae; proximal basal endite with two setae; distal basal endite with three setae; endopod with seven setae; exopod with four setae and small spinules distally. Maxilla (Figure 10 A, B): proximal praecoxal endite with four setae and short triangular attenuation; distal endite with three setae; proximal coxal endite with three setae, distal coxal endite with three setae, one long, thick and spine-like; proximal basal endite with four setae, one thick, spine-like and one worm-like sensory seta; all endites with small spinules distally; distal basal endite plus endopod with eight sensory setae, of these five worm-like and three brush-like. Maxilliped (Figure 10 C, D): syncoxa with one seta on praecoxal endite, two setae on middle endite (one heavily sclerotized, spine-like and strongly curved), and one seta slightly curved in proximal third on distal praecoxal endite; coxal endite with three setae; four rows of spinules present: proximally; between medial and distal praecoxal endites; adjacent to coxal endite proximally; along distal edge of coxal endite. Basis with row of spinules proximally and three medial and two distal setae. Endopod five-segmented with 4, 4, 3, 3 + 1 and 4 setae. P 1 (Figure 10 E): coxa with row of small denticles along distal outer edge; basis with tiny distolateral seta and mediodistal seta on anterior face; endopod one-segmented, comparatively long and extending to anterior margin of exopod segment 2, with three medial and two terminal setae; lateral lobe small and triangular lacking denticles, spinules present along distolateral edge of endopod. Exopod three-segmented, segment 1 with lateral spine, segment 2 with lateral spine and medial seta, segment 3 with lateral spine, terminal spine and three medial setae; lateral spines of exopod segments 1 and 2 covered with denticles, spine of segment 3 longest. P 2 (Figure 11 A): coxa with medial seta; basis with group of small denticles on posterior surface near base of endopod; endopod two-segmented, segment 1 with one medial seta, segment 2 with two medial, two terminal and one lateral setae and ornamented with denticles on posterior surface; exopod segments 2 and 3 detached, segment 1 with one medial and one lateral seta. P 3 (Figure 11 B): coxa with medial seta; basis with row of denticles distally; endopod segment 1 with one medial seta; exopod segment 1 with one medial and one lateral seta; exopod and endopod segments 2 and 3 detached. P 4 (Figure 11 C): coxa with medial seta; coxa and basis with large patches of denticles on posterior surface; endopod segment 1 with one medial seta and with posterior denticles; exopod segment 1 with one medial, one lateral seta and sparse posterior denticles, exopod and endopod segments 2 and 3 broken. P 5 (Figure 9 I): three-segmented, all segments with denticles on posterior surface; exopod (distal segment) with one medial spine (broken), one lateral, one short subterminal and one terminal attenuation (broken). Male. Unknown. Etymology The specific name is derived from the Latin curvus meaning curved and spinus meaning spine and relates to the strongly sclerotized, spine-like curved setae of the maxillipedal syncoxa. Remarks	en	Markhaseva, Elena L., Schulz, Knud (2007): New species of Brodskius, Rythabis, and Omorius (Crustacea: Calanoida) from deep Antarctic waters. Journal of Natural History 41 (13 - 16): 731-750, DOI: 10.1080/00222930701297772, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930701297772
