taxonID	type	description	language	source
417987854473FF9D64A5FC0AFDCAFBC6.taxon	description	(Figs 1, 2, 7)	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854473FF9D64A5FC0AFDCAFBC6.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material. Holotype: ♂, China, Hubei Province, Shennongjia, Songbai town, 31 ° 44 ’ 21.30 ” N 110 ° 41 ’ 15.62 ” E, 08 – VIII – 2018, 900 m, Tiantian Yu leg. (SCAU).	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854473FF9D64A5FC0AFDCAFBC6.taxon	description	Description. Holotype (Figs 1, 2). Alar expanse 25 mm; body length 14 mm; forewing 13 mm; antenna 6 mm. Head: antenna black with violet sheen; frons and vertex black, with dark brown sheen; basal segment of labial palpus pale yellow to white, mid segment white, apical segment white and mixed with a few pale yellow scales apically; proboscis small; eyes with a row of white scales anteriorly; pericephalic scales pale yellow to white dorsally and white laterally. Thorax: patagia and tegula black with bronze sheen; metathorax submedially with two small yellow spots posteriorly. Forewing brownish black with purple sheen; ETA semi-transparent with bluish sheen; outer margin and cilia brownish black with dark brown sheen. Hindwing covered with yellowish semi-transparent scales, with bluish sheen; veins brownish black; discal spot not developed; outer margin and cilia brownish black with bronze sheen; vein 1 A well-developed. Legs with fore femur dorsally brownish black with dark brown sheen, ventrally covered with yellow scales with a few white scales basally; fore tibia mixed with dark yellow hairs both dorsally and ventrally; fore tarsus dark brown, with admixture dark yellow scales ventrally; mid and hind femora brownish black with bronze sheen, interiorly covered with yellowish white scales; mid tibia cream white ventrally; mid tarsus yellowish white interiorly, dorsally mixed with a few dark yellow scales; hind tibia yellowish white interiorly, with yellowish white tuft dorsal-distally; spurs dorsally dark brown, ventrally yellowish white; hind tarsus brownish black dorsally and mixed with a few dark yellow scales, yellowish white both ventrally and interiorly, with bronze sheen. Abdomen: black with dark brown sheen; tergite 2 with a broad yellow band posteriorly; tergite 3 with a narrow yellow stripe at posterior margin; tergites 4 yellow in posterior half; tergites 5 and 6 yellow in posterior two thirds; tergite 7 black, dorsally mixed with a few yellow scales; sternites 2 and 3 each with a yellow stripe posteriorly; sternites 4 and 5 with broad yellow bands and with white posterior margins; anal tuft small, black. Male genitalia (Fig. 7). Uncus slightly bent, finger shaped, with a pointed and strongly sclerotized apex; tegumen slender; valva ovoid, covered with short hair-like setae in distal half; saccus broad, triangular; phallus relatively broad, with a blunt process apically; coecum penis narrow; vesica with numerous spine-like cornuti. Female unknown.	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854473FF9D64A5FC0AFDCAFBC6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Externally, this new species is close to P. pieli. However, based on the detailed description by Lieu (1935) it can be distinguished by the coloration of the labial palpus (basal segment pale yellow to white, mid and apical segments covered with white scales in P. kishidai sp. nov., with white hairs at the base and covered with yellow scales towards the apical segments in while in P. pieli), the patagia (entirely black with dark brown sheen in P. kishidai sp. nov., with a pair of yellow spot posterior-laterally in P. pieli), the metathorax (black with two yellow spots submedial-posteriorly in P. kishidai sp. nov., dark brown without yellow spots in P. pieli), the details of the abdomen (tergite 1 entirely black, tergite 3 with a narrow yellow stripe, tergite 6 yellow in posterior two thirds; sternites 4 and 5 with broad yellow bands in P. kishidai sp. nov., tergite 1 yellow laterally, tergites 3 and 6 entirely dark brown and sternites 4 and 5 with narrow yellow bands in P. pieli). The male genitalia of these two species are similar but the phallus is somewhat broader and the vesica with numerous, larger spine-like cornuti in P. kishidai sp. nov. (see Figs 7 b, 16, 17 in Lieu, 1935). P. kishidai sp. nov. also resembles to P. gravis, however, it differs by the smaller size (alar expanse 25 mm in P. kishidai sp. nov., more than 35 mm in P. gravis), the coloration of the pericephalic scales (pale yellow dorsally and white laterally in P. kishidai sp. nov., entirely white in P. gravis), the patagia (entirely black in P. kishidai sp. nov., black with a pair of large yellow spots posterior-laterally in P. gravis), the metathorax (with two yellow spots submedial-posteriorly in P. kishidai sp. nov., black without yellow spots in P. pieli), as well as the abdomen (tergite 1 black, tergites 4 and 6 with yellow posterior bands, sternite 4 with a broad yellow band in P. kishidai sp. nov., tergite 1 yellow laterally, tergites 4 and 6 black, sternite 4 black in P. gravis).	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854473FF9D64A5FC0AFDCAFBC6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paradoxecia kishidai sp. nov. is only known from the type locality in Shennongjia, Hubei.	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854473FF9D64A5FC0AFDCAFBC6.taxon	discussion	Remark. The holotype was collected at edge of the farmland which is surrounded by several low hills. It was attracted to artificial pheromone lures in the noon. The pheromone lures were produced by Pherobank Company (Wijk bij Duurstede, the Netherlands).	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854473FF9D64A5FC0AFDCAFBC6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This beautiful species is dedicated to Mr. Yasunori Kishida of Tokyo, who has made important contributions to the taxonomy of the Lepidoptera of Japan and south-east Asia. Molecular data. The barcode of Paradoxecia kishidai sp. nov. (658 bp fragment of COI; accession number: MN 121708) was deposited in GenBank.	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854470FF9C64A5FB46FDCAFB1A.taxon	description	(Figs 3, 4, 8)	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854470FF9C64A5FB46FDCAFB1A.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material. Holotype: ♂, China, Tibet autonomous region, Linzhi, Bomi county, Tongmai town, 30 ° 05 ’ 49.44 ” N, 95 ° 04 ’ 01.07 ” E, 20 – VII – 2018, 1800 m, Tianpeng Chen leg. (SCAU). Paratype: 1 ♂, China, Tibet autonomous region, Medog county, Beibeng, 29 ° 14 ’ 11.28 ” N, 95 ° 09 ’ 51.52 ” E, 25 – VII – 2017, 1731 m, Tiantian Yu leg. (SCAU).	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854470FF9C64A5FB46FDCAFB1A.taxon	description	Description. Holotype (Figs 3, 4). Alar expanse 30 mm; body length 18 mm; forewing 14 mm; antenna 7 mm. Head: antenna black with dark brown sheen; frons and vertex dark brown with brown sheen; basal segment of labial palpus white, with a few yellow scales basally, mid segment white, apical segment pale yellow; proboscis present; pericephalic scales dorsally black with brown sheen, white laterally. Thorax: patagia and tegula blackish brown with dark brown sheen. Forewing dark brown with purple sheen; ETA semi-transparent. Hindwing covered with yellowish semi-transparent scales, with pale violet sheen; discal spot not developed; veins and outer margin blackish brown; cilia dark brown with bronze sheen. Legs with fore femur ventrally yellow, with a few white scales distally; distal half of fore tibia brick-orange dorsally, ventrally mixed with yellow scales; fore tarsus dark brown dorsally, pale brown ventrally; mid and hind coxae yellowish white; mid and hind femora blackish brown with dark brown sheen; distal half of mid tibia covered with brick-orange hairs both dorsally and externally; mid tarsus with a few brick-orange scales dorsally, greyish white ventrally; hind tibia with a brick-orange spot distally, scattered with greyish white scales both ventrally and interiorly; spurs blackish brown; hind tarsus dorsally dark brown with a few brick-orange scales, yellowish white ventrally. Abdomen: black with dark brown sheen; tergite 1 with a few dark yellow scales anteriorly; tergite 2 with a dark yellow spot on each side; tergites 3 – 7 each with a narrow yellow stripe posteriorly; anal tuft small, yellow dorsally, pale yellow ventrally; sternites 3 – 7 with yellowish white stripes at posterior margin. Male genitalia (Fig. 8). Uncus finger shaped, strongly sclerotized and apically pointed; tegumen well-developed, relatively broad; valva broad, rounded distally, scattered with a few simple setae interior-ventrally; saccus short and rounded; phallus short, relatively broad; coecum penis short; vesical with numerous minute spinules. Female unknown.	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854470FF9C64A5FB46FDCAFB1A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. P. polyzona sp. nov. is similar to P. taiwana based on external features. However, it is easily separated by the coloration of the pericephalic scales (dorsally black with brown sheen, white laterally in P. polyzona sp. nov., dorsally orange, laterally white in P. taiwana), the blackish brown metathorax (with two small yelloworange spots submedial-posteriorly in P. taiwana), the coloration of the abdomen (tergite 2 with a dark yellow spot laterally on each side, tergites 3 and 7 each with a dark yellow stripe posteriorly, sternites 3 – 7 with yellowish white stripes posteriorly in P. polyzona sp. nov., tergite 2 without yellow spots laterally but with narrow pale yelloworange stripe posteriorly, tergites 3 and 7 without yellow stripe, only sternite 4 with a narrow pale yellow-orange stripe in P. taiwana), the yellow anal tuft (dark brown in P. taiwana), and the smaller cornuti (with larger thornshaped cornuti in P. taiwana). Superficially, this new species is also close to P. similis but can be distinguished by the antenna (entirely black with dark brown sheen in P. polyzona sp. nov., dark brown, mixed with orange scales in distal half in P. similis), the coloration of the pericephalic scales (dorsally black with brown sheen, white laterally in P. polyzona sp. nov., dorsally orange to pale orange, laterally slivery-white in P. similis), the patagia (entirely black in P. polyzona sp. nov., dark brown, mixed with orange scales laterally in P. similis), the abdomen (tergite 2 with a dark yellow spots laterally on each side, tergite 3 with a narrow yellow stripe, sternites 3 – 7 with yellowish white stripes posteriorly in P. polyzona sp. nov., tergite 2 without yellow spots laterally but with orange stripe posteriorly, tergite 3 dark brown, only sternites 4 and 5 each with a narrow brick-orange stripe in P. similis) and the characteristic structure of the vesica (with numerous, very small cornuti in P. polyzona sp. nov., with numerous larger cornuti in P. similis).	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854470FF9C64A5FB46FDCAFB1A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known from Bomi and Medog county, Tibet, China.	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854470FF9C64A5FB46FDCAFB1A.taxon	discussion	Remark. All the specimens were collected in the noon. The holotype was collected at the edge of montane forest, close to the Tongmai long-span bridge. The paratype was attracted to pheromone lures at the edge of montane forest in Beibeng. The pheromone lures were produced by Anglian Lepidopterist Supplies Company (Station Road, Hindolveston, Norfolk, UK).	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854470FF9C64A5FB46FDCAFB1A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name of the new species derived from a noun of Latin origin, zona = marking, plus an adjective of Latin origin, poly = many, meaning many stripes of the abdominal tergites. Molecular data. The barcode of Paradoxecia polyzona sp. nov. (658 bp fragment of COI; accession number: MN 121709) was deposited in GenBank.	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854471FF9964A5FAF2FAA3FB52.taxon	description	(Figs 5, 6, 9)	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854471FF9964A5FAF2FAA3FB52.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material. Holotype: ♂, China, Tibet autonomous region, Medog county, Beibeng, 29 ° 14 ’ 11.28 ” N, 95 ° 09 ’ 51.52 ” E, 25 – VII – 2017, 1731 m, Tiantian Yu leg. (SCAU).	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854471FF9964A5FAF2FAA3FB52.taxon	description	Description. Holotype (Figs 5, 6). Alar expanse 22 mm; body length 11.5 mm; forewing 10 mm; antenna 4.5 mm. Head: antenna black with bronze sheen; front and vertex black with dark brown sheen; basal and mid segment of labial palpus covered with white hairs, apical segment of labial palpus yellow; proboscis small; eyes with a row of pale orange scales anteriorly; pericephalic scales orange dorsally, white laterally. Thorax: patagia and tegula black with dark brown sheen; mesothorax with a narrow orange submedial lines on each side. Forewing almost opaque, brownish black, with purple sheen; ETA with two semi-transparent cells between M 2 and Cu 1. Hindwing covered with yellow semi-transparent scales, with pale violet sheen; discal spot not developed; veins and outer margin brownish black; cilia dark brown with brown sheen. Legs with fore femur covered with orange scales ventrally; fore tibia brick-orange, mixed with a few dark brown scales both dorsally and ventrally; fore tarsus dark brown; mid and hind coxae cream white; mid femur ventrally with a large orange-red spot at distal end; medial half of mid tibia covered with orange-red scales dorsally, with a large orange-red spot externalventrally; mid tarsus mixed with orange-red scales ventrally; hind tibia with white spot medial-dorsally and with a large orange-red spot at distal end; spurs black; hind tarsus brick-orange to yellow ventrally. Abdomen: black with dark brown sheen; tergites 2, 4 and 5 each with an orange-red stripe posteriorly; tergite 3 with a narrow white posterior margin; sternite 4 with a pale yellowish stripe posteriorly. Male genitalia (Fig. 9). Uncus finger shaped, well-developed, curved; tegumen relatively slender; valva evenly rounded, clothed with hair-like scales; saccus large and broad; phallus with a blunt process apically; coecum penis relatively slender; vesica with numerous sclerotized spines. Female unknown.	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854471FF9964A5FAF2FAA3FB52.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. By external appearance P. beibengensis sp. nov. is similar to P. taiwana but can be separated by the tegula (entirely black in P. beibengensis sp. nov., dark brown with a few orange scales both distally and laterally in P. taiwana), the coloration of the meso- and metathorax (mesothorax black, with narrow orange-red submedial lines and metathorax without spots in P. beibengensis sp. nov., mesothorax dark brown, without submedial lines and metathorax with two small yellow-orange spots submedial-posteriorly in P. taiwana), as well as the abdomen (tergite 3 with a narrow white posterior margin in P. beibengensis sp. nov., tergite 3 dark brown entirely in P. taiwana). P. beibengensis sp. nov. also shows superficial similarities to P. fukiensis from which it can be distinguished by the vertex (entirely black in P. beibengensis sp. nov., dark brown with golden-green sheen in P. fukiensis), the coloration of the pericephalic scales (dorsally black with brown sheen, white laterally in P. polyzona sp. nov., dorsally dirty-yellow, laterally pale yellow in P. fukiensis), and the coloration of the abdomen (base color of all segments black with dark brown sheen, tergites 2, 4 and 5 each with an orange-red stripe, tergite 3 with a narrow white posterior margin, sternite 4 with a pale yellow stripe in P. beibengensis sp. nov., base color of segments 1 – 3 black, of all other segments dark brown, tergite 4 with a narrow yellow stripe and tergites 5 and 6 each with a narrow orange stripe, sternite 4 with a broad yellow stripe at anterior margin in P. fukiensis). In addition, this new species is close to P. polyzona sp. nov. but differs from its smaller size (alar expanse 30 mm in P. polyzona sp. nov., 22 mm in P. beibengensis sp. nov.), fore femur (ventrally covered with yellow scales in P. polyzona sp. nov., dark orange ventrally in P. beibengensis sp. nov.), the coloration of the pericephalic scales (orange dorsally and white laterally in P. beibengensis sp. nov., dorsally black with brown sheen, white laterally in P. polyzona sp. nov.), the abdomen (tergites 2, 4 and 5 each with an orange-red stripe, tergite 3 with a narrow white stripe, only sternite 4 with a pale yellowish stripe in P. beibengensis sp. nov., tergites 3 – 7 each with a dark yellow stripe, sternites 3 – 7 with yellowish white stripes in P. polyzona sp. nov.) and the anal tuft (entirely black in P. beibengensis sp. nov., yellow dorsally and pale yellow ventrally in P. polyzona sp. nov.).	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854471FF9964A5FAF2FAA3FB52.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Tibet.	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854471FF9964A5FAF2FAA3FB52.taxon	discussion	Remark. This species was collected in late July at the edge of mountain forest. The specimen was attracted to pheromone lures in the afternoon. The pheromone lures were produced by Anglian Lepidopterist Supplies Company (Station Road, Hindolveston, Norfolk, UK).	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
417987854471FF9964A5FAF2FAA3FB52.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This new species is named after Beibeng, a village in Medog county where the holotype of the species was collected. Molecular data. The barcode of Paradoxecia beibengensis sp. nov. (658 bp fragment of COI; accession number: MN 121706) was deposited in GenBank. DNA sequence analysis. A Neighbor-joining tree derived from COI sequences (658 bp) is shown in Fig. 10. The COI sequences of the three new Paradoxecia species were clustered and formed a strongly supported monophyletic clade (100 %). The genetic divergence based on the Kimura- 2 - parameter distance between P. kishidai sp. nov. and P. beibengensis sp. nov. was 5.47 %, whereas distances between P. kishidai sp. nov. and P. polyzona sp. nov. and between P. beibengensis sp. nov. and P. polyzona sp. nov. were 7.75 % and 8.21 %, respectively.	en	Yu, Tiantian, Arita, Yutaka, Kallies, Axel, Wang, Min (2019): Three new species of the genus Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China. Zootaxa 4691 (3): 261-269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.6
