taxonID	type	description	language	source
425087AE086DFFE68DE1BDBBFDA5F819.taxon	description	Fig. 2 A – D. Basionym: — Holopleura victoria Caspary (1856: 216 – 217; pl. 12, figs 10 – 22), Caspary in Ludwig (1857: 94 – 97; pl. 17, figs 6 – 18). Lectotype (designated here): — [MB. Pb. 2017 / 1474.1!], repository: Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Berlin (MfN). Locus typicus: Germany. Hesse: Wetterau, Bad Salzhausen near Nidda. Stratum typicum: Middle Miocene (Langhian), intravolcanic brown-coal deposits (“ Carpolithen-Kohle von Salzhausen ”). Syntypes: — [MB. Pb. 2017 / 1474!] as Holopleura victoria. Note: — Type not yet cited. The author selects one specimen of the collection no. MB. Pb. 2017 / 1474 (with multiple specimens) as the lectotype. Occurrence and habitat: — Brasenia victoria occurred in Europe from the late Oligocene to the late Pliocene, in brown-coal deposits and silting up sequences, which reflect fluviatile back-swamp, lake and oxbow lake habitats.	en	Winterscheid, Heinrich (2020): Typifications in fossil-species of Brasenia, Magnolia, Vitis, and Symplocos from the central European Neogene. Phytotaxa 428 (2): 113-121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5
425087AE086DFFE68DE1BDBBFDA5F819.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined: — Germany. Hesse: Wetterau, Bad Salzhausen near Nidda; middle Miocene (Langhian), intravolcanic brown-coal deposits (“ Carpolithen-Kohle von Salzhausen ”): MfN [MB. Pb. 2017 / 1482] as Carpolithes oviformis, [MB. Pb. 2017 / 1483]. MfN, Ludwig coll. [MB. Pb. 1980 / 0260!]. MfN, P. G. L. A. coll. [MB. Pb. 2005 / 0615 (orig. - no. 169)!], illustrated in: Kirchheimer (1936: pl. 7, fig. 4 a). = Nymphaea doliolum Ludwig (1860: 123 – 124; pl. 60, fig. 12 a – f), syn. nov. Lectotype (designated here): — [MB. Pb. 2017 / 1473.1!], repository: Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Berlin (MfN), Rudolph Ludwig collection. Locus typicus: Germany. Hesse: Wetterau, Bad Salzhausen near Nidda. Stratum typicum: Middle Miocene (Langhian), intravolcanic brown-coal deposits (“ Carpolithen-Kohle von Salzhausen ”). Syntypes: — [MB. Pb. 2017 / 1473!], [MB. Pb. 2017 / 1479!], [MB. Pb. 2017 / 1480!], [MB. Pb. 2017 / 1481!].	en	Winterscheid, Heinrich (2020): Typifications in fossil-species of Brasenia, Magnolia, Vitis, and Symplocos from the central European Neogene. Phytotaxa 428 (2): 113-121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5
425087AE086EFFE18DE1BDD9FCD2F840.taxon	description	Fig. 3 A – E. Replaced synonym: — Magnolia attenuata C. O. Weber, seeds according to Ludwig (1860: 122; pl. 47, pro parte: figs 9 – 12 [semina], non fig. 13 [folium]). Lectotype (designated here): — [MB. Pb. 2005 / 0627.1 (orig. - no. 135)!], illustrated in: Ludwig (1860: pl. 47, fig. 10, as Magnolia attenuata C. O. Weber), Mai (1975: pl. 35, fig. 38), repository: Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Berlin (MfN), Rudolph Ludwig collection. Locus typicus: Germany. Hesse: Wetterau, Bad Salzhausen near Nidda. Stratum typicum: Middle Miocene (Langhian), intravolcanic brown-coal deposits (“ Carpolithen-Kohle von Salzhausen ”). Syntypes: — [MB. Pb. 2005 / 0627 (orig. - no. 135)!]. Notes: — The first indication of an assigned name for the here-treated seeds of Magnolia ludwigii Ettingshausen is a label in the collection of the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, written by Alexander Braun possibly in 1850: “ Semina ‘ Carpolithes lignit. Bronn’ / Salzhausen ”. The following synonyms have also been utilized in the literature for these fossil seeds, but some of them were originally erected for fossil leaf-remains. The first name in the literature is Anona lignitum Unger (1850: 441 – 442 — folia) and Unger (1860: 25; pl. 10, pro parte: fig. 7 — semen; non figs 1 – 6 — folia) from Salzhausen, which was published by Unger (1850) for leaves; only one seed was illustrated by Unger (1860) without visible specific traits and hence this name should only be used for leaf-remains. Later, Mai newly combined Anona lignitum to Magnolia lignita (Unger 1860) Mai (1975: 571 – 575; pl. 35, figs 34 – 38; pl. 36, figs 39 – 49; pl. 37, figs 50 – 58).	en	Winterscheid, Heinrich (2020): Typifications in fossil-species of Brasenia, Magnolia, Vitis, and Symplocos from the central European Neogene. Phytotaxa 428 (2): 113-121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5
425087AE086EFFE18DE1BDD9FCD2F840.taxon	description	Syntypes: — [MB. Pb. 2016 / 2470.2!], illustrated in: Kirchheimer (1936: pl. 8, figs 1 b – h, as Magnolia sinuata Kirchh.), Mai (1975: pl. 35, fig. 34); [MB. Pb. 2016 / 2470.3!]. Note: — The “ holotype, ” designated by Mai (1975: 572), refers to the pictured specimen in Unger (1860: pl. 10, fig. 7) and not to a collection- or gathering-specimen. The database query on “ OeTyp — Catalogue of Palaeontological Types in Austrian Collections ”, available from: “ https: // www. oeaw. ac. at / cgi-bin / oetyp / query / ” (accessed: 22 July 2019), did not match any result regarding seeds of Anona lignitum Unger.	en	Winterscheid, Heinrich (2020): Typifications in fossil-species of Brasenia, Magnolia, Vitis, and Symplocos from the central European Neogene. Phytotaxa 428 (2): 113-121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5
425087AE0868FFE28DE1BFBDFD98FB87.taxon	description	Fig. 4 A – C. Lectotype: — First-step lectotype (designated by Mai 1973: 94 – 95): Ludwig coll., gathering no. 1167, “ Weckesheim (1167, Typus) ”; second-step lectotype (designated here): MfN, Ludwig coll. [MB. Pb. 2005 / 0354.1!], illustrated in: Ludwig (1857: pl. 21, fig. 1 c) and Mai (1973: pl. 2, fig. 1; 1975: pl. 33, fig. 1), repository: Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Berlin (MfN), Rudolph Ludwig collection. Locus typicus: Germany. Hesse: Weckesheim near Reichelsheim in Wetterau. Stratum typicum: Late Pliocene, brown-coal of Wölfersheim Formation. Syntypes: — [MB. Pb. 2005 / 0354 (original collection no. 1167)!]. Notes: — The description of Magnolia cor relates only to seeds of early Pliocene brown-coal from Weckesheim in Wetterau and is a definite and well defined species (Mai 1975: 564 – 566). Mai (1973: 94 – 95) cited the collection no. 1167 with multiple specimens as “ Type. ” Here the author designates in the second-step the specimen MB. Pb. 2005 / 0354.1 as the lectotype from the gathering no. 1167 of the Ludwig collection in MfN. The name Magnolia hoffmannii (non Ludwig 1857) in Ludwig (1860: 122; pl. 47, pro parte: figs 6 – 8 — semina; non figs 1 – 2 — folia) is a synonym of Magnolia ludwigii and therefore not available. M. hoffmannii Ludwig (1857), which also relates only to seeds, is a synonym of M. cor. Occurrence and habitat: — Pliocene of central Europe (France, Nederland, Germany, and Poland) in swamp and fluviatile habitats.	en	Winterscheid, Heinrich (2020): Typifications in fossil-species of Brasenia, Magnolia, Vitis, and Symplocos from the central European Neogene. Phytotaxa 428 (2): 113-121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5
425087AE0868FFE28DE1BFBDFD98FB87.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined: — Germany. Hesse: Wetterau, Dorheim near Friedberg; early Pliocene (Zanclean), intravolcanic brown-coal deposits: MfN, Ludwig coll. [MB. Pb. 2005 / 0340].	en	Winterscheid, Heinrich (2020): Typifications in fossil-species of Brasenia, Magnolia, Vitis, and Symplocos from the central European Neogene. Phytotaxa 428 (2): 113-121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5
425087AE0868FFE28DE1BFBDFD98FB87.taxon	description	Syntypes: — [MB. Pb. 2005 / 0628!], illustrated in: Ludwig (1860: pl. 47, figs 7 – 8).	en	Winterscheid, Heinrich (2020): Typifications in fossil-species of Brasenia, Magnolia, Vitis, and Symplocos from the central European Neogene. Phytotaxa 428 (2): 113-121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5
425087AE086BFFE28DE1BCF0FDB0F7F3.taxon	description	Fig. 5 A – B. Lectotype: — First-step lectotype (designated by Mai & Gregor 1982: 422): A. Braun coll., gathering no. 86, “ Taf. XX, Fig. 4 — Museum f. Naturkunde Berlin, Nr. 86 ”; second-step lectotype (designated here): [MB. Pb. 2005 / 0639.1!], repository: Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Berlin (MfN), Alexander Braun collection. Locus typicus: Germany. Hesse: Wetterau, Bad Salzhausen near Nidda. Stratum typicum: Middle Miocene (Langhian), intravolcanic brown-coal deposits (“ Carpolithen-Kohle von Salzhausen ”). Syntypes: — [MB. Pb. 2005 / 0639.2 – 11 (original gathering no. 86)!]. Notes: — Alexander Braun (1854) described leaves, fruits and seeds from Salzhausen as Vitis teutonica. Later, the name was only applied for seeds, e. g. Ludwig (1860: 118 – 120: pl. 45, fig. 5 a – g) and Kirchheimer (1936: 91 – 93; pl. 9, fig. 3 a – f. 1938: 335 – 337; pl. 4, figs 12 – 15; text-fig. 3). Mai & Gregor (1982: 422) selected “ Taf. XX, Fig. 4 — Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Nr. 86 ” with multiple specimens as ‘ lectotype, ’ and illustrated a specimen (Mai & Gregor 1982: pl. 20, fig. 4), which was also illustrated in Ludwig (1860: pl. 45, fig. 5 c) and in Kirchheimer (1936: pl. 9, fig. 3 d). The syntypes in the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin [A. Braun coll.: MB. Pb. 2005 / 0639 (orig. - no. 86)] consists of eleven seed-remains, but no specimen can be identified as one of the above mentioned illustrations. Here the seed “ coll. - no. MB. Pb. 2005 / 0639.1 ” is selected as the lectotype from the syntypes of the Alexander Braun collection. Occurrence and habitat: — Late Oligocene and Miocene in Europe in fluviatile floodplain and back-swamp deposits from riparian habitats.	en	Winterscheid, Heinrich (2020): Typifications in fossil-species of Brasenia, Magnolia, Vitis, and Symplocos from the central European Neogene. Phytotaxa 428 (2): 113-121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5
425087AE086BFFE28DE1BCF0FDB0F7F3.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined: — Germany. Hesse: Wetterau, Bad Salzhausen near Nidda; middle Miocene (Langhian), intravolcanic brown-coal deposits (“ Carpolithen-Kohle von Salzhausen ”): MfN, Ludwig coll. [MB. Pb. 2016 / 2469].	en	Winterscheid, Heinrich (2020): Typifications in fossil-species of Brasenia, Magnolia, Vitis, and Symplocos from the central European Neogene. Phytotaxa 428 (2): 113-121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5
425087AE086AFFE38DE1B8E6FCF0FDB1.taxon	description	Notes: — The name Symplocos casparyi R. Ludw. 1857 has to be retypified. Mai & Martinetto (2006: 5) selected one specimen as neotype of Symplocos casparyi and pointed out: “ 1 specimen detected (Nov. 2003) in Ludwig’s collection from Dorheim (MNB 2004 / 825), […] is designated here as the neotype. ” This specimen is part of the syntypes of Ludwig’s collection described in the protologue of Symplocos casparyi, and must be designated as lectotype (Turland et al. 2018: ICN Art. 9.3). Occurrence and habitat: — Symplocos casparyi occurs from the early Oligocene to the late Pliocene of Europe: France, Germany, Denmark and Poland (Mai & Martinetto 2006).	en	Winterscheid, Heinrich (2020): Typifications in fossil-species of Brasenia, Magnolia, Vitis, and Symplocos from the central European Neogene. Phytotaxa 428 (2): 113-121, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.428.2.5
