identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
435FFE43A522B507FF0187D55A57F7F2.text	435FFE43A522B507FF0187D55A57F7F2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Centaurea goksivriensis	<div><p>Centaurea goksivriensis M. Bona, sp. nova (Fig. 1).</p> <p>Type:— TURKEY. Prov. Hatay; Samandağ, Teknepinar, Musa Mountain, Göksivri Hill, 1200 m, 22.06.2014, M. Bona (holotype ISTE 102727!).</p> <p>Diagnosis: — Centaurea goksivriensis differs from C. antiochia var. antiochia in its biennial life form (vs. perennial), stems subglabrous above, villous and scabrous below (vs. hirsute or sparsely tomentose to subglabrous), leaves lyrate with a large terminal segment (vs. interruptedly pinnatifid or pinnatisect), slightly arachnoid and scabrous with multiseriate hairs (vs. with scattered short hairs, glabrescent), appendages large, almost totally concealing the basal part of phyllaries (vs. small). Centaurea goksivriensis differs from C. carduiformis in its stems subglabrous above, villous and scabrous below (vs. hispid or arachnoid-tomentose), leaves lyrate with a large terminal segment (vs. 1–2- pinnatisect), appendages large, almost totally concealing the basal part of phyllaries (vs. small), flowers blackish-purple (vs. pink-purple or whitish). Centaurea goksivriensis also differs from C. urvillei subsp. armata in its biennial life form (vs. perennial), stems subglabrous above, villous and scabrous below (vs. slightly arachnoid to distinctly tomentose), flowers blackish-purple (vs. pink-purple or whitish).</p> <p>Description: —Biennial herb, with taproot, stem erect 20–30 cm long, branched from near base, one-headed at the end of each branch, subglabrous above, scabrous with multiseriate septate hairs below. Leaves slightly arachnoid and scabrous with multiseriate septate hairs; basal leaves 10–15 cm long, lyrate with 4–6 or more, slightly pinnatifid segments, terminal segment larger, segments very rarely simple, usually terminated with a mucro; middle leaves few, small, pinnatifid with one pair of lateral segments and larger, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate terminal segment, rarely almost simple; upper part of stem almost leafless. Involucre solitary at the end of the branch, 15–25 × 16–20 mm, ovoid to spherical. Phyllaries multiseriate, green, often purple-spotted in central part. Appendages large, almost totally concealing basal part of phyllaries, brownish, triangular, 3–5 mm broad, decurrent, (5–)6–9(–11) cilia (1–5 mm) on each side, ending in a spine that is 20–25 mm, patent, firm; subglabrous or setose. Flowers blackish-purple, marginal non-radiant. Achene straw-coloured, ovate, 4–6 mm long. Pappus biseriate; inner row 1–2 mm long, straw-coloured, outer row 6–6.5 mm, purple. Receptacle with long hairs. Flowering in June–July.</p> <p>Etymology: —The specific epithet is derived from Göksivri Hills in Amanos Mountains in Hatay Province of Turkey, where the new species was discovered.</p> <p>IUCN Conservation Assessment: —Following the criteria established by IUCN (IUCN 2003), an initial assessment of Critically Endangered (CR) (criteria B2a, B2biii) is proposed for this new taxon. This species occurs only in Musa Mountain, in the southeast of Hatay Province at 1200 m, and its area of occupancy (AOO) is less than 10 km 2. In addition, the quality of the habitat is under serious threat because of newly opened nickel mines in the vicinity, the nearby hydroelectric dam under construction, and to some extent repeated forest fires in recent years.</p> <p>Relationships: — Centaurea goksivriensis belongs to C. sect. Acrocentron, which includes taxa that are biennials or perennials with a taproot; stems branched above with few medium-sized capitula; leaves mostly lyrate, non-decurrent; involucre oblong-ovoid to subglobose; appendages triangular and ciliate, decurrent with a ciliate margin, usually ending in a spine; flowers pink, purple, blackish-purple, whitish, yellow or orange, marginal florets often radiant; achenes medium-sized; pappus scabrous, inner row shorter than outer row (Wagenitz 1975, Kaya &amp; Vural 2007). The new species is morphologically close to C. antiochia var. antiochia, C. carduiformis, and C. urvillei subsp. armata. These four taxa are compared in Table 1.</p> <p>Additional Specimens Examined: — TURKEY. Prov. Hatay; Samandað, Teknepýnar, Musa Mountain, Göksivri</p> <p>Hill, 13.07.2003, M. Bona (ISTE 93297) &amp; 13.06.2004, M. Bona (ISTE 93296).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/435FFE43A522B507FF0187D55A57F7F2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bona, Mehmet	Bona, Mehmet (2015): Centaurea goksivriensis (Asteraceae), a new species from Turkey. Phytotaxa 203 (1): 63-68, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.203.1.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.203.1.6
435FFE43A520B506FF01878C5BF4F924.text	435FFE43A520B506FF01878C5BF4F924.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Centaurea (sect. Acrocentron)	<div><p>Key for the species of Centaurea sect. Acrocentron in Turkey</p> <p>1. Appendage border with minute teeth....................................................................................................................... C. vermiculigera</p> <p>– Appendage border distinctly ciliate or spinulose...............................................................................................................................2</p> <p>2. Appendage ending with in a conspicuous spine at least 6 mm long..................................................................................................3</p> <p>– Appendage ending with a short mucro or spinule shorter than 6 mm long........................................................................................4</p> <p>3. Flowers yellow...................................................................................................................................................................................5</p> <p>– Flowers purple, pink or whitish........................................................................................................................................................10</p> <p>4. Flowers yellow............................................................................................................................................................................... 22</p> <p>– Flowers purple or pink.................................................................................................................................................................... 24</p> <p>5. Appendage large, totally (or nearly) concealing basal part of phyllary........................................................................................... 6</p> <p>– Appendage smaller........................................................................................................................................................................... 7</p> <p>6. Appendage irregularly lacerate (outer sometimes more regularly ciliate)................................................................. C. lactucifolia</p> <p>– Appendage regularly ciliate.................................................................................................................................... C. pseudoreflexa</p> <p>7. Stem longer than 10 cm................................................................................................................................................ C. salonitana</p> <p>– Stem very short, shorter than 10 cm................................................................................................................................................. 8</p> <p>8. Terminal spine of appendage short, 5–10 mm long..................................................................................................... C. pestalozzae</p> <p>– Terminal spine longer....................................................................................................................................................................... 9</p> <p>9. Pappus 7–9 mm long..................................................................................................................................................... C. acicularis</p> <p>– Pappus absent.............................................................................................................................................................. C. chrysantha</p> <p>10. Appendage large, totally or nearly totally concealing basal part of phyllary................................................................................. 11</p> <p>– Appendage smaller......................................................................................................................................................................... 14</p> <p>11. Stem and leaves hirsute.......................................................................................................................................... C. pseudoreflexa</p> <p>– Stem and leaves arachnoid to floccose-tomentose, not hirsute...................................................................................................... 12</p> <p>12. Appendage broader than basal part of phyllary..................................................................................................................... C. lydia</p> <p>– Appendage not broader than basal part of phyllary........................................................................................................................ 13</p> <p>13. Perennial, flowers pink-purple or whitish......................................................................................................................... C. urvillei</p> <p>– Biennial, flowers blackish-purple............................................................................................................................. C. goksivriensis</p> <p>14. Flowers pink-purple or whitish ………………………………….………………........................................................…………. 15</p> <p>– Flowers blackish-purple ……………………………..……...………..……........................................................………. C. antioch</p> <p>15. Plant with very short stem, simple or branched from near base..................................................................................................... 16</p> <p>– Plant with elongate stem, usually branched above......................................................................................................................... 17</p> <p>16. Leaves arachnoid or thinly tomentose............................................................................................................................... C. urvillei</p> <p>– Leaves nearly glabrous (very short bristles at margin and along nerves).................................................................... C. raphanina</p> <p>17. Leaves hirsute, arachnoid or tomentose......................................................................................................................................... 18</p> <p>– Leaves nearly glabrous................................................................................................................................................................... 20</p> <p>18. Leaves lyrate; receptacular bristles 15–20 mm long......................................................................................................... C. urvillei</p> <p>– Leaves pinnatisect; receptacular bristles 7–13 mm long................................................................................................................ 19</p> <p>19. Terminal spine of appendage 10–30 mm long, achenes 6–10 mm long, pappus 7–10 mm long............................. C. carduiformis</p> <p>– Terminal spine of appendage up to 9 mm long, achenes 5–5.5 mm long, pappus 5–7 mm long.............................. C. elazigenesis</p> <p>20. Leaves lyrate...................................................................................................................................................................... C. persica</p> <p>– Leaves pinnatisect.......................................................................................................................................................................... 21</p> <p>21. Appendage (incl. terminal spine) 15–20 mm long.............................................................................................................. C. davisii</p> <p>– Appendages shorter................................................................................................................................................... C. scopulorum</p> <p>22. Stem very short (less than 5 cm long)......................................................................................................................... C. pestalozzae</p> <p>– Stem longer (over 5 cm long)......................................................................................................................................................... 23</p> <p>23. Stem decumbent; segments of leaves linear-lanceolate....................................................................................................... C. athoa</p> <p>– Stem erect; segments of leaves broadly lanceolate...................................................................................................... C. salonitana</p> <p>24. Flowers blackish-purple................................................................................................................................................................. 25</p> <p>– Flowers pink-purple........................................................................................................................................................................ 26</p> <p>25. Terminal spinule of appendage 1–3 mm long............................................................................................................ C. nerimaniae</p> <p>– Terminal spinule of appendage 2.5–5 mm long............................................................................................................ C. antiochia</p> <p>26. Leaves subglabrous........................................................................................................................................................... C. persica</p> <p>– Leaves hispid or thinly tomentose....................................................................................................................... C. pseudoscabiosa</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/435FFE43A520B506FF01878C5BF4F924	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bona, Mehmet	Bona, Mehmet (2015): Centaurea goksivriensis (Asteraceae), a new species from Turkey. Phytotaxa 203 (1): 63-68, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.203.1.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.203.1.6
