identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
3C3587A4FF84FFA2FE45D06D7695FB25.text	3C3587A4FF84FFA2FE45D06D7695FB25.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pacificabathynella Schminke and Noodt 1988	<div><p>Pacificabathynella Schminke and Noodt, 1988</p> <p>Amended diagnosis</p> <p>A.I and A.II seven-segmented. Md with two teeth on incisor process (pars incisiva), processus incisivus accessorius with one tooth and one seta-like tooth, pars molaris with two structures bidentate, parallel to main axis of teeth, most distal tooth very strong with apical denticles. Labrum with a small protuberance. Th. VI and VIII sexually dimorphic. Male Th. VI with three-segmented endopod, second segment broad and dilated with strong curved seta at outer margin; first segment also broader than usual. Female Th. VI with four-segmented endopod and setal formula 1+0/0+1/0+0/ 2(1). Male Th. VIII with several lobes around genital opening on coxa and with toothlike protuberance, endopod and exopod one-segmented. Female Th. VIII bearing epipod; endopod and exopod one-segmented, both with two or three apical setae. Endopod of uropod with four to eight strong spines along inner margin. Furcal rami with five spines and conspicuous furcal organ dorsolaterally (Schminke and Noodt 1988).</p> <p>Type species: Pacificabathynella sequoiae Schminke and Noodt, 1988.</p> <p>Species: P. sequoiae Schminke and Noodt, 1988, P. kalispellensis sp. nov., P. stanfordi sp. nov., P. ruthae sp. nov.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C3587A4FF84FFA2FE45D06D7695FB25	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Camacho, A. I.;Newell, R. L.;Reid, B.	Camacho, A. I., Newell, R. L., Reid, B. (2009): New records of Bathynellacea (Syncarida, Bathynellidae) in North America: three new species of the genus Pacificabathynella from Montana, USA. Journal of Natural History 43 (29 - 30): 1805-1834, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903015832, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903015832
3C3587A4FF84FFA2FE71D2B7750EFD99.text	3C3587A4FF84FFA2FE71D2B7750EFD99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pacificabathynellini Serban 2000	<div><p>Tribe PACIFICABATHYNELLINI Serban, 2000</p> <p>Tribe diagnosis</p> <p>Male Th. VIII: penial region constituted by a large number of lobes. Main axis of basipod forming angle of 25° with penial region. Th. VI with differentiated structure in both sexes: male endopod three-segmented with very strong, dilated middle segment and with distinctive appearance. Female Th. VIII with small plumose setae on laterointernal face of coxa.</p> <p>Type genus: Pacificabathynella Schminke and Noodt, 1988.</p> <p>Genera: Pacificabathynella Schminke and Noodt, 1988, Paradoxibathynella Serban, 2000.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C3587A4FF84FFA2FE71D2B7750EFD99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Camacho, A. I.;Newell, R. L.;Reid, B.	Camacho, A. I., Newell, R. L., Reid, B. (2009): New records of Bathynellacea (Syncarida, Bathynellidae) in North America: three new species of the genus Pacificabathynella from Montana, USA. Journal of Natural History 43 (29 - 30): 1805-1834, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903015832, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903015832
3C3587A4FF84FFB5FE3AD72275AEFD23.text	3C3587A4FF84FFB5FE3AD72275AEFD23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pacificabathynella kalispellensis Camacho & Newell & Reid 2009	<div><p>Pacificabathynella kalispellensis sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 1–3)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Type locality. Flathead County, St-SR-well, 31 May 1989 (one male, holotype), Montana, USA. Others localities: Flathead County, well station SR, 2 April 1989 (two male and three female were collected; one female is the allotype); Flathead County, Middle Fork, Nyack, Chris B well, 20 February 2004 (two males and two females); Montana. Flathead County, Middle Fork, Nyack, Tadpole B well, 30 April 2004 (six females and one juvenile), Montana, USA (see Table 2). The details of the description are based on all specimens. The holotype is a male and the allotype is a female and the type series contains 14 additional specimens (four males and 10 females). (Holotype MNCN20.04 /8090, Allotype MNCN20.04 /8091 and type series MNCN20.04 /8092.)</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Body. Total length of holotype (male) 1.01 mm and allotype (female) 1.41 mm. Largest male total length 1.47 mm, smallest 1.01 mm; largest female total length 1.44 mm, smallest 1.30 mm. For variability see Table 4. Body form not very elongated, almost cylindrical, approximately 12 times as long as wide. Pleotelson with one barbed dorsal seta on either side, shorter than furcal rami.</p> <p>Antennule (Figure 1A). Seven segments; length of first three segments similar to other four segments; segments four and five smaller than others; segment four half length of segment five; setation as in Figure 1 (A); three aesthetascs on sixth and seventh segments. A.I shorter than A.II, as long as the last five segments of A.II combined.</p> <p>Antenna (Figure 1B). Almost 25% longer than A.I; first four segments almost twice as long as last three; three terminal segments similar in length; fourth segment very elongated, twice length of fifth segment, with 12 setae; setal formula: 0/2+exp/3+0/ 12+0/5+1/4+4/5; exopod with two terminal setae, one of these a bifurcated sensory seta; ventromedial seta absent.</p> <p>Paragnath (Figure 1C). Large, with rounded distal part and very thick setulation on all surfaces in distal half.</p> <p>Mandible (Figure 1D,E). Palp with three segments, terminal segment with two long barbed claws, second segment as long as terminal segment, more or less cylindrical without expansions. Incisor process (pars incisiva) with two teeth; processus incisivus accessorius with one tooth and one long seta-like tooth; pars molaris with two dentate structures, like two crowns (Figure 1E) parallel to main axis of teeth, the first with consistently strong denticles and the other with small denticles, except the most distal which is a strong tooth.</p> <p>Maxillule (Figure 1F). Proximal endite with four setae; distal endite with six teeth, four with spines (denticles) and two more seta-like, with three plumose setae and tufts of long setules on outer margin.</p> <p>Maxilla (Figure 1G). Four segments; setal formula 7, 4, 7, 6.</p> <p>Thoracopods I to VII (Figures 2A–F, 3F,G). Sexual dimorphism present in Th. VI. Th. I (Figure 2A) smaller than others; Th. II (Figure 2B) to V (Figure 2E) similar in size and Th. VI (Figure 3G) and VII (Figure 2F) longer than others. Th. I without epipod; coxa with a long and strong plumose seta; basipod with three plumose setae. Exopod with one segment on all thoracopods, shorter than endopod in all cases; with six barbed setae, two terminal, one dorsal and three ventral. Endopod with four segments in all thoracopods, setal formulae (number of setae on basipod in brackets):</p> <p>Th. I: (3) 6+0/9+1/11+0/7</p> <p>Th. II: (5) 5+0/7+1/6+0/6</p> <p>P. sequoiae P. kalispellensis sp. nov. P. stanfordi sp. nov. P. ruthae sp. nov.</p> <p>A.II: setal formula 0/2/2/2/0/3/5 0/2/3/12/6/8/5 0/2/2/2/0/4/5</p> <p>A.I/A.II A.I&lt;A.II A.I&lt;A.II A.I&lt;A.II Mx.II: setal formula 7/4/7/5 7/4/7/6 7/4/7/5 Epipod of Th. I absent absent absent Epipod of Th. II absent present absent Exopod of Th.I 5 setae 6 setae 5 setae Exopod of Th. II to VII 6 setae 6 setae 5 setae Th VIII female exp.&gt;&gt;endp. exp.&gt;&gt;endp. exp.&gt;endp</p> <p>Size of epipod 2 times bsp 3 times bsp 2 times bsp</p> <p>Setae coxa 2 plumose 2 plumose 1 plumose</p> <p>Seta basipod 1 smooth 1 plumose 1 smooth</p> <p>Number setae exp. 2 smooth 3 smooth 2 smooth</p> <p>Number setae endp. 2 smooth 2 barbed 2 smooth 0/2/2/2/0/4/5 A.I=A.II 7/4/7/5 absent absent</p> <p>6 setae</p> <p>6 setae exp.&gt;endp 1.5 times bsp 1 plumose</p> <p>1 smooth</p> <p>2 smooth</p> <p>2 smooth</p> <p>Th VIII male: Bsp.: setae 2 1</p> <p>Exp.: long/width (setae) 3 times (5) 2 times (4) 2 times (5) Endopod: setae 1+1 1 1</p> <p>Crt. Basipod not pronounced very pronounced very pronounced</p> <p>Pleopod: setae 1/– 1/7 1/6</p> <p>Uropod: Sympod: spines 8 8 6</p> <p>Endp.: spines 4 8 5</p> <p>Endp./symp. Symp.&gt;endp. Symp.&lt;endp. Symp.&gt;endp.</p> <p>Exp. setae 8 8 7</p> <p>Exp./endp. Exp.&lt;endp. Exp.&lt;endp. Exp.&lt;endp.</p> <p>Furca: first spines /second 3 times longer 2.3 times longer 1.3 times longer first spines/dorsal 7 times longer 2 times longer 2 times longer</p> <p>size spines DS&lt;S1&gt;S2=S3&gt;S4 S1&gt;DS&gt;S2=S3&gt;S4 S1&gt;DS&gt;S2&gt;S3&gt;S 4 Males: Min.–Max. length 1.32 0.95–1.42 0.53–1.02</p> <p>Females: Min.–Max. length 1.27 0.84–1.46 0.51–0.94</p> <p>2</p> <p>3 times (5)</p> <p>1</p> <p>pronounced</p> <p>1/7</p> <p>6</p> <p>6</p> <p>Symp.&gt;endp.</p> <p>9</p> <p>Exp.&lt;endp.</p> <p>1.5 times longer</p> <p>2 times longer S1&gt;DS&gt;S2=S3&gt; S4 1.57 –2.07 1.45–1.78</p> <p>Abbreviations: A.I, antennule; A.II, Antenna; bsp., basipod; Crt., crest of the basipod; endp., endopod; exp., exopod; segs., segments; DS, dorsal spine of the furca; S1, spine 1 of the furca; S2, spine 2 of the furca; S3, spine 3 of the furca; S5, spine 5 of the furca.</p> <p>Th. III: (5) 5+0/7+1/5+0/6</p> <p>Th. IV: (5) 4+0/5+1/5+0/5</p> <p>Th. V: (3) 3+0/3+1/4+0/4</p> <p>Th. VI: (0) 1+0/0+1/2(1)</p> <p>Th. VII: (1) 1+0/0+1/0+0/2(1)</p> <p>Thoracopod VI (Figure 3G) with aberrant structure, with only three segments in endopod: first segment broader than usual, second segment broad and dilated bearing on its outer margin strong medially curved seta, third segment small with two setae, one long and another shorter.</p> <p>Coxa of Th. II–VI with oblique row of tiny spinules on inner margin; basipods of Th. I–III and Th. VII have tufts of long fine setules.</p> <p>Male thoracopod VIII (Figure 3A,B). Longitudinal axis of coxa and basipod form 25° angle. Penial region with frontal lobe, inner lobe, outer lobe. Frontal lobe with lobules on distal end, almost completely covers outer and inner lobes. Inner lobe more or less similarly developed to frontal lobe, distal region divided into three areas with conical projection on internal side. Outer lobe smallest with two almost cylindrical lobules. Basipod very large, with distal, very well-developed, crest-like protuberance with rows of setules distally on inner side and with one lateral-distal barbed seta. Endopod one-segmented, small, half length of exopod, one distal seta. Exopod well developed with five setae.</p> <p>First pleopods (Figure 3C). Two segments, first segment with one very long seta; second segment with seven setae.</p> <p>Female thoracopod VIII of the allotype (Figure 3D). Coxa with two small, barbed lateral setae; very large epipod, three times length of basipod; endopod onesegmented, with two apical barbed setae of equal length; exopod slightly more slender, a little longer than endopod, with three apical smooth setae of similar length.</p> <p>Female thoracopod VI of the allotype (Figure 3H). Exopod one-segmented and with six setae, as in other thoracopods; endopod four-segmented, setal formula 1+0/0+1/ 0+0/2(1). Number of setae on segments of endopod and basipod of thoracopods differs between female and male. Setal formulae of allotype (number of setae of basipod in brackets):</p> <p>Th. I: (4) 8+0/8+1/11+0/7</p> <p>Th. II: (8) 7+0/7+1/8+0/7</p> <p>Th. III: (7) 7+0/8+1/7+0/7</p> <p>Th. IV: (6) 6+0/7+1/7+0/6</p> <p>Th. V: (6) 3+0/4+1/5+0/5</p> <p>Th. VI: (1) 1+0/0+1/0+0/2(1)</p> <p>Th. VII: (1) 1+0/0+1/0+0/2(1)</p> <p>Uropods (Figure 3E). Sympod slightly shorter than endopod, 1.5 times longer than wide, with eight distal equal spines; endopod 30% longer than exopod, with eight strong claws, distal two longest, most distal eight times length of two most basal, terminally with two very long setae and two shorter setae located dorsolaterally, all barbed; exopod with eight setae, two terminal, three medial and three basal. Endopod with spinous projection at the distal outer corner.</p> <p>Furcal rami (Figure 3F). Almost square, bearing five spines; dorsal spine almost 50% length of second spine, second spine twice length of two medial spines, medial spines twice length of fifth spine.</p> <p>Variability</p> <p>The observed variability affects the number of setae of the two last segments of the antenna with six, seven or eight and four or five, respectively) and the numbers of setae of the different segments of the endopods of thoracopods I to IV on males and thoracopods I to V on females (see Table 5).</p> <p>The setal formula on the males different from the holotype is:</p> <p>Th. I: 6–8+0/8+1/8–9+0/6–7</p> <p>Th. II: 6+0/6+1/6–8+0/6</p> <p>Th. III: 6+0/6+1/6+0/5–6</p> <p>Th. IV: 4–5+0/5–6+1/5+0/5</p> <p>The setal formula on females different from the setal formula of the allotype is:</p> <p>Th. I: 8–10+0/9–10+1/9–11+0/8</p> <p>Th. II: 8+0/7+1/6+0/6–10</p> <p>Th. III: 6+0/6–7+1/7+0/6–7</p> <p>Th. IV: 5–6+0/5–6+1/6+0/5–6</p> <p>Th. V: 3–4+0/4–5+1/4–5+0/5</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The species name is taken from the name of the nearby city of Kalispell and the aquifer containing this new species.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Pacificabathynella kalispellensis sp. nov. is similar in size to P. sequoiae, and is the second largest of the four known species. It has a profusion of setae on the antenna and on the thoracopods (see Table 5 and Figures 1B, Figure 2A–E). The antenna is 25% longer than the antennule. This is the species with the highest number of unique characters within the genus. The setal formula of the antenna (Figure 1B) is unique to the genus (see Table 3) and to the family Bathynellidae; the fourth segment is very long and has many setae; segment five is well developed and has six setae, whereas normally in this family this segment lacks setae. The pars molaris of the mandible has more teeth than in other species. On the fourth segment of the maxilla there are six setae, whereas all the other species of the genus have only five. The epipod of thoracopod II (Figure 2B) is absent in other species. The setal formula of the endopod of the thoracopods is unique (see Table 5). The male thoracopod VIII is very large and massive and the crest of the basipod (Figure 3B) is better developed than in the four other species of the genus, has setulae and only one plumose seta. The epipod of thoracopod VIII of the female is very large (Figure 3D), three times the length of the basipod; the exopod has three smooth setae (two is the norm) and the seta of the basipod is plumose. This species has the highest number of spines on the endopod of the uropod (eight) and the endopod of the uropod is longer than the sympod whereas the opposite is the norm in the genus.</p> <p>Max = maximun size; Min = minimum size and X = arithmetical mean.</p> <p>The number of setae on the basipod appears in brackets. Abbreviations: Th., thoracopod; Endp., endopod; exp., exopod; f, female; m, male.</p> <p>Pacificabathynella kalispellensis sp. nov., despite being a species with many unique characters, is perhaps the species that has most in common, apart from size, with P. sequoiae (see Table 3). On the uropod, both species have eight spines on the sympod and eight setae on the exopod, although they differ in the endopod, the new species having twice the number of spines as P. sequoia. The furca is similar in both species, one spine is longer than the other, but the dorsal spine is longest in the new species, while in P. sequoiae it is very small; in the other two species all furcal spines are very similar. The oblique row of tiny spinules on the inner margin of the coxa of thoracopods II–VI is unique. Schminke and Noodt (1988) in the original description of P. sequoiae drew something similar in the coxa of thoracopod VII (figure 28, p. 296), but did not comment on the structure. Thoracopod VIII of the male is very different for both species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C3587A4FF84FFB5FE3AD72275AEFD23	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Camacho, A. I.;Newell, R. L.;Reid, B.	Camacho, A. I., Newell, R. L., Reid, B. (2009): New records of Bathynellacea (Syncarida, Bathynellidae) in North America: three new species of the genus Pacificabathynella from Montana, USA. Journal of Natural History 43 (29 - 30): 1805-1834, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903015832, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903015832
3C3587A4FF93FFB2FE4FD12D708AFD3B.text	3C3587A4FF93FFB2FE4FD12D708AFD3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pacificabathynella stanfordi Camacho & Newell & Reid 2009	<div><p>Pacificabathynella stanfordi sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 4, 5)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Type locality. Flathead County, Graham Channel upstream-well, 14 April 1989 (four males and four females were collected), Montana, USA. Other localities from Montana: Flathead County, St-SR-well, 3 May 1989 (two males and one female); Flathead County, well station SR, 2 April 1989 (two males and three females were collected); Flathead County, Nyack Channel of Flathead river-down-well, 1 May 1989 (six males and six females); Flathead County, Walters well, 31 March 1989 (10 males, six females and two young); Flathead County, Graham Field west well, 16 July 1989 (six females); Flathead County, Sargent North well, 6 November 2003 (six females); Flathead County, Great Bear well, 9 November 2003 (two males and five females); Mt Flathead County, Middle Fork, Flathead R. Nyack aquifer, Tadpole B well, 30 April 2004 (three females and one male). The details of the new description are based on all specimens. The holotype is a male and the allotype is a female and the type series contains 63 additional specimens (26 males and 38 females). (Holotype MNCN20.04 /8093, allotype MNCN20.04 /8094 and type series MNCN20.04 /8095.)</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Body. Total length of holotype (male) 0.77 mm and allotype (female) 0.60 mm. Largest male total length 0.82 mm, smallest 0.53 mm; largest female total length 0.81 mm, smallest 0.60 mm. For variability see Table 4. Body form not very elongated, almost cylindrical; approximately 13 times long as wide. Pleotelson with one barbed dorsal seta on either side, shorter than furcal rami.</p> <p>Antennule (Figure 4A). Seven segments; length of first three segments slightly longer than other four segments; segment five smaller than others, half length of segment four; setulation as in Figure 4 (A); three aesthetascs of different length on segments six and seven. A.I slightly shorter than A.II.</p> <p>Antenna (Figure 4B). Seven segments; length of first three segments half length of last four; setal formula: 0/2+exp/2+0/2+0/0+0/2+2/5; ventromedial seta of exopod absent, with two terminal setae, one a bifurcated sensory seta.</p> <p>Paragnath (Figure 4C). Rounded with one distinctive tooth on distal part, very thick setulation at the distal end.</p> <p>Mandible (Figure 4D,D ¢). Palp with three segments, terminal segment with two claws, not very long, with sparse setulation; second segment more or less cylindrical without expansions. Incisor process (pars incisiva) with two teeth; processus incisivus accessorius with one tooth, one long seta-like tooth; pars molaris with two structures dentate, the more distal with four teeth, other with small similar denticles located at edges, two most distal slightly larger.</p> <p>Maxillule (Figure 4E). Proximal endite with four setae; distal endite with six teeth, four strong teeth with denticles, other two thin, setae-like; outer margin with three plumose setae.</p> <p>Maxilla (Figure 4F). Four segments; setal formula 7, 4, 7, 5.</p> <p>Thoracopods I to VII (Figure 5A–G). Sexual dimorphism present in Th. VI. Th. I (Figure 5A) a little smaller; Th. II-VII (Figure 5B–H) very similar in size. Th. I and II without epipod; coxa of Th. I with long, strong plumose seta, basipod with three setae. Exopod with one segment on all thoracopods, shorter than endopod in all cases; with five barbed setae, two terminal, one dorsal, two ventral. Endopod with four segments in all thoracopods, setal formulae (number of setae of basipod in brackets):</p> <p>Th. I (Figure 5A): (3) 4+0/4+1/3+0/4</p> <p>Th. II (Figure 5B): (2) 3+0/3+1/2+0/4</p> <p>Th. III (Figure 5C): (2) 2+0/2+1/2+0/4</p> <p>Th. IV (Figure 5D): (1) 2+0/2+1/2+0/3</p> <p>Th. V (Figure 5E): (1) 1+0/1+1/2+0/3</p> <p>Th. VI (Figure 5F): (0) 0+0/0+1/2(1)</p> <p>Th. VII (Figure 5G): (0) 1+0/0+1/0+0/2(1)</p> <p>Thoracopod VI (Figure 5F) with aberrant structure in all males, only three segments in endopod: first segment broader and shorter than usual, second segment broad, dilated, bearing on its outer margin strong seta curved medially, third segment small with two setae, one long, barbed, other short.</p> <p>Male thoracopod VIII (Figure 4G–I). Longitudinal axis of coxa and basipod form angle of 25°. Penial region with frontal lobe, inner lobe, outer lobe. Frontal lobe has two lobules, completely covers outer and inner lobes. Inner lobe has distal region divided into two areas with almost square projection on internal side. Outer lobe smallest, with conical aspect with fine setae. Basipod with distal, well-developed, crest-like protuberance with two rows of setules distally on inner side, one distal-lateral barbed seta. Endopod one-segmented, half length of exopod, one smooth distal seta. Exopod well developed with five setae.</p> <p>First pleopods (Figure 4J). Two segments, first segment with one seta; second segment with six setae.</p> <p>Female thoracopod VIII allotype (Figure 4K). Coxa with one small, barbed, lateral seta; large epipod, almost twice length of basipod; endopod one-segmented, with two apical setae of similar length; exopod a little longer than endopod, with two apical smooth setae of different lengths.</p> <p>Female thoracopod VI allotype. Exopod one-segmented and with five setae, as in other thoracopods; endopod four-segmented, setal formula 1+0/0+1/0+0/2(1). Number of setae on segments of endopod and on basipod of thoracopods similar to male.</p> <p>Uropods (Figure 5I). Sympod slightly longer than endopod, twice as long as wide, with six equal spines on distal end; endopod one-third longer than exopod, with five strong claws, two distal-most longest (five times length of most basal), with two very long terminal setae and with two shorter ones located dorsolaterally, all barbed; exopod with seven setae, two terminal, one subterminal, three medial and one basal. Endopod with spinous projection at distal outer corner (Figure 5I).</p> <p>Furcal rami (Figure 5J,H). Almost square, bearing five spines; long dorsal spine almost half length of second spine, second spine 30% longer than third medial spine, third spine slightly longer than fourth, fourth almost twice length of fifth.</p> <p>Variability</p> <p>The variability that we have found is very small, in spite of the fact that we have studied many specimens from many different samples. The observed variability only affects the observed number of setae on the different segments of the endopods of thoracopods I to V on males and females (see Table 5):</p> <p>The setal formula variation from the holotype is:</p> <p>Th. I: 4–5+0/3–4+1/3–4+0/4</p> <p>Th. II: 2–3+0/2–3+1/2–3+0/4</p> <p>Th. III: 2+0/2+1/2+0/4</p> <p>Th. IV: 2+0/2+1/1–2+0/3</p> <p>Th. V: 1+0/1+1/1–2+0/3</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The species name is derived from Dr Jack Stanford, Director of the University of Montana’s Flathead Lake Biological Station, and long-time pioneer in the study of hyporheic communities and floodplain aquifer ecosystems.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Pacificabathynella stanfordi sp. nov. is the smallest known species of the genus (see Tables 3 and 4); the largest specimens are similar to small P. kalispellensis sp. nov. This species has the smallest number of setae on thoracopods and uropods within the genus (see Table 3). This is a unique species of the genus in that it has five setae on the exopod of thoracopods I to VII. Only six setae are present on the second segment of the first pleopod, while in the other known species the pleopod has seven setae. Pacificabathynella stanfordi sp. nov. has only five spines on the endopod and seven setae on the exopod of the uropods (Figure 2I). The setal formula of the endopod of the thoracopods is unique (see Table 5).</p> <p>Perhaps the species that has more characters in common is P. ruthae sp. nov. (see Table 3), although the latter is a much larger species. On the uropod both species have six spines on the sympod; however, the endopod and exopod differ between the species, the new species having only five and seven spines respectively. The furca is similar in both species, and very different from the furca of P. sequoiae. One spine one is longer than the other, and is similar to the dorsal spines; all furcal spines are very similar. The male thoracopod VIII is very different in both species. The coxa of the female thoracopod VIII only has one seta as in P. ruthae sp. nov., and the epipod is bigger in P. stanfordi sp. nov.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C3587A4FF93FFB2FE4FD12D708AFD3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Camacho, A. I.;Newell, R. L.;Reid, B.	Camacho, A. I., Newell, R. L., Reid, B. (2009): New records of Bathynellacea (Syncarida, Bathynellidae) in North America: three new species of the genus Pacificabathynella from Montana, USA. Journal of Natural History 43 (29 - 30): 1805-1834, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903015832, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903015832
3C3587A4FF94FFB8FE1DD10F75F7FC43.text	3C3587A4FF94FFB8FE1DD10F75F7FC43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pacificabathynella ruthae Camacho & Newell & Reid 2009	<div><p>Pacificabathynella ruthae sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 6 to 8)</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Type locality. Flathead County, Middle Fork Flathead River, 2 February 2004, Wally ER, Chris B, HA-12, Wally C wells (six males and two females), Montana, USA; other locality: Flathead County, Great Bear well, 9 November, 2003 (one male and four females), Montana, USA (see Table 1). The details of the new description are based on all 13 specimens. The holotype is a male and the allotype is a female and the type series contains 11 additional specimens (six males and five females). (Holotype MNCN20.04 /8096, allotype MNCN20.04 /8097 and type series MNCN20.04 /8098.)</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Body. Total length of holotype (male) 1.94 mm and allotype (female) 1.68 mm. Largest male total length 2.07 mm, smallest 1.57 mm; largest female total length 1.78 mm, smallest 1.45 mm (see Table 4). Body form not very elongated, almost cylindrical, approximately 13 times long as wide. Pleotelson with one barbed dorsal seta on either side, shorter than furcal rami.</p> <p>Antennule (Figure 6A). Seven segments; length of first three segments similar to the other four segments; segments five and six similar in size and smaller than other segments; setulation as in Figure 6A; three aesthetascs on segments six and seven. A.I almost equal in length to A.II.</p> <p>Antenna (Figure 6B). First four segments longer than terminal three; three terminal segments of similar length; setal formula: 0/2+exp/2+0/2+0/0+0/2+2/5; ventromedial seta of exopod absent, two terminal setae, one a bifurcated sensory seta.</p> <p>Labrum (Figure 6C). With median protusion.</p> <p>Paragnath (Figure 6D). Large, subrectangular, with one tooth on distal part and with very thick setulation on entire surface of distal half.</p> <p>Mandible (Figure 6E–G). Palp with three segments, terminal segment with two barbed similar claws, second segment more or less rectangular. Incisor process (pars incisiva) with two teeth; processus incisivus accessorius with one tooth, and one long seta-like tooth; pars molaris with two dentated structures (Figure 6F,G) parallel to main axis of teeth, first with four similar teeth, other with small similar teeth arranged in two rows, crown-like, most distal tooth is strong and longer than others.</p> <p>Maxillule (Figure 6H). Proximal endite with four setae; distal endite with six teeth, four with spines (denticles), other two setae-like, with three plumose setae.</p> <p>Maxilla (Figure 6I). Four segments; setal formula 7, 4, 7, 5.</p> <p>Thoracopods I to VII (Figure 7A–H). Sexual dimorphism Th. VI, (Figure 7F,H). Th. I (Figure 7A) lightly smaller than others; Th. II (Figure 7B) to V (Figure 8B) similar in size to Th. VII (Figure 7G) and longer than others. Th. I and II without epipod; coxa of Th. I with long, strong plumose seta, basipod with three setae, one of these plumose. Exopod one- segment for all thoracopods, shorter than endopod in all cases; with six barbed setae, two terminal, one dorsal and three ventral. Endopod with four segments in all thoracopods, setal formulae (number of setae of basipod in brackets):</p> <p>Th. I: (3) 6+0/5+1/5+0/5</p> <p>Th. II: (4) 4+0/4+1/4+0/5</p> <p>Th. III: (4) 3+0/3+1/2+0/5</p> <p>Th. IV: (3) 2+0/3+1/2+0/4</p> <p>Th. V: (1) 2+0/2+1/2+0/4</p> <p>Th. VI: (1) 1+0/0+1/2(1)</p> <p>Th. VII: (1) 1+0/0+1/0+0/2(1)</p> <p>Thoracopod VI (Figure 7F) with only three segments in endopod: first segment broader than usual, second segment broad-dilated, bearing on its outer margin strong medially curved seta and third segment small with two setae, one long and another short. Basipods of Th. I and Th. VII have tufts of long and fine setules.</p> <p>Male thoracopod VIII (Figure 8A–C). Longitudinal axis of coxa and basipod form angle of 25°. Penial region with frontal lobe, inner lobe, outer lobe. Frontal lobe with two very well-developed lobules that cover outer lobe and partially cover inner lobe. Well-developed inner lobe has distal region elongated with very large bidentated projection on internal side. Outer lobe similar to frontal lobe and with two almost square lobules. Basipod very large, with distal crest-like protuberance, three rows of setules distally on inner side, two smooth setae, one distal-lateral and another on external side. Endopod one-segmented, small, 33% of the exopod, with only one barbed distal seta. Exopod well developed with six setae.</p> <p>First pleopods (Figure 8D). Two segments, first segment with one very long seta; second segment with six setae.</p> <p>Female thoracopod VIII allotype (Figure 8G). Coxa with one, small, barbed lateral seta; very large epipod, twice length of basipod; basipod almost square, longer than endopod, with smooth seta; endopod one-segmented, with one smooth seta; exopod a little longer than endopod and with two apical smooth setae of similar length.</p> <p>Female thoracopod VI allotype (Figure 7H). Exopod one segmented and with six setae, as in other thoracopods; endopod four-segmented, setal formula 1+0/0+1/0+0/ 2(1). Number of setae on segments of endopod and on basipod of thoracopods is different on female. Setal formulae of allotype (number of setae of basipod in brackets):</p> <p>Th. I: (3) 6+0/6+1/6+0/5</p> <p>Th. II: (5) 5+0/5+1/4+0/5</p> <p>Th. III: (4) 3+0/3+1/3+0/5</p> <p>Th. IV: (4) 3+0/3+1/3+0/5</p> <p>Th. V: (4) 3+0/3+1/3+0/5</p> <p>Th. VI: (1) 1+0/0+1/0+0/2(1)</p> <p>Th. VII: (1) 1+0/0+1/0+0/2(1)</p> <p>Uropods (Figure 8E). Sympod a little longer than endopod, almost twice as long as wide, with six equal spines on distal end; endopod 10% longer than exopod, with six strong claws, two most distal longest, twice length of penultimate, three times length of two most basal, with two very long terminal setae and with two shorter ones located dorsolaterally, all of which barbed; exopod with nine setae, two terminal, four medial, three basal.</p> <p>Furcal rami (Figure 8F). Almost square, bearing five spines; a long dorsal spine, almost half length of second spine, second spine 30% longer than two equal length medial spines, medial spines 25% times longer than fifth.</p> <p>Variability</p> <p>The variability is very low between individuals and populations.</p> <p>The observed variability only affects the numbers of setae on the different segments of the endopods of thoracopods I to V in males and females (see Table 5), which differ from the holotype and allotype as follows:</p> <p>Males:</p> <p>Th. I: 6+0/5–6+1/5–6+0/5</p> <p>Th. II: 4+0/4+1/4+0/5</p> <p>Th. III: 3+0/3+1/2–3+0/5</p> <p>Th. IV: 2+0/2–3+1/2–3+0/4–5</p> <p>Th. V: 2+0/2–3+1/2+0/4</p> <p>Females:</p> <p>Th. I: (3) 5–6+0/5–6+1/5–6+0/5</p> <p>Th. II: (5) 4–5+0/4–5+1/3–4+0/5</p> <p>Th. III: (4) 3+0/3+1/3+0/5</p> <p>Th. IV: (4) 3+0/3+1/3+0/5</p> <p>Th. V: (4) 2–3+0/2–3+1/2–3+0/5</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The species name is derived from Ruth Dalimata, wife of John Dalimata, who owns the land surrounding the Nyack well sites and has long been supportive of the research occurring on this large floodplain.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Pacificabathynella ruthae sp. nov. is the largest known species of the genus (see Table 4); the largest specimens reach 2 mm. This is the only species of the genus in which the antennule is similar in length to the antenna. The female thoracopod VIII has the smallest epipod within the genus. Despite being the largest species of the genus it does not have more setae on thoracopods (see Table 5) and uropods (see Table 3) than other species. The endopod of the uropod has six spines (the others species have four, five or eight), the exopod has nine setae, while other species have only seven or eight setae.</p> <p>The species that share the greatest number of similar characters are P. stanfordi.sp. nov. and P. sequoiae. Pacificabathynella stanfordi sp. nov. differs principally in the number of setae on the exopod of the thoracopods, having six (see Table 5), which is the norm in the genus, and the male thoracopod VIII is very different from that of the other species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C3587A4FF94FFB8FE1DD10F75F7FC43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Camacho, A. I.;Newell, R. L.;Reid, B.	Camacho, A. I., Newell, R. L., Reid, B. (2009): New records of Bathynellacea (Syncarida, Bathynellidae) in North America: three new species of the genus Pacificabathynella from Montana, USA. Journal of Natural History 43 (29 - 30): 1805-1834, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903015832, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903015832
