identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
380E87A6F168FF9A3181FE23FDD45CE4.text	380E87A6F168FF9A3181FE23FDD45CE4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kimminsula Peters & Edmunds 1970	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Kimminsula -complex </p>
            <p>(Figs 3, 7–710)</p>
            <p> The  Kimminsula -complex belongs to subsequently subordinated taxa:  Leptophlebiidae &gt;Atalophleboadentata Kluge 2009&gt; Atalophlebopectinata Kluge 2009&gt; Atalophleboculata Kluge 2009&gt; Atalophlebomaxillata Kluge 2009&gt; Atalophlebolinguata Kluge 2009. General system of the taxon Atalophlebolinguata remains poorly elaborated. </p>
            <p> The  Kimminsula -complex is distributed only in the Indian Peninsula and the Island of Sri Lanka and includes  Kimminsula Peters &amp; Edmunds 1970 (with 3–5 species),  Petersula Sivaramakrishnan 1984 (with 2–3 species),  Ghatula gen. n. (with 2 species),  Ceylonula gen. n. (with 1 species) and  Hubbardula gen. n. (with 1 species). Larvae of all these species are similar in general appearance [see (1) below]; characters separating larvae of the  Kimminsula -complex from other taxa with a similar larval appearance are the presence of fronto-clypeal incisions [see (2) below] and a characteristic shape and setation of femora [see (10) below]. Imagines of the  Kimminsula -complex differ from other Oriental Leptoplebiidae by well developed hind wings of plesiomorphic shape and venation [see (16) below] and by the claw structure [see (17) below]. </p>
            <p> Common characters of the  Kimminsula -complex </p>
            <p> (1) General appearance. Larva has flattened body, widened head and enlarged legs with broad femora and claws bent perpendicular to the leg flatness (Figs 202, 440–443). Superficially, they resemble larvae of  Heptageniidae , but in contrast to them have no frontal shield; instead, the wide dorsal head surface contains surfaces of closely pressed together clypeus, labrum and mandibles (Fig. 235) (the same in other Atalophlebomaxillata). Initially such larval structure is an adaptation for inhabiting stone surfaces in rapidly running water (Fig. 219), but larvae of  Ceylonula femoralis inhabit soft substrates in stagnant water (Fig. 220). </p>
            <p> (2) Fronto-clypeal incisions. Lateral margins of the clypeus are separated from lateral margins of the frons by a pair of sharp incisions leading into the anterior tentorial pits; within these incisions, the margins of the frons overlap the margins of the clypeus dorsally (Figs 3, 14, 68, 105, 235, 335, 389, 444, 485, 552–553, 616). This differs from many other Atalophlebolinguata, where the frons and the clypeus have an integral dorsal surface, being separated only by a pair of smooth concavities of the lateral margins (Figs 5–6) (see below, discussion of systematic position of the  Kimminsula -complex). </p>
            <p> (3) Labrum. As in most other Atalophlebopectinata, the dorsal surface of the labrum bears the posterior transverse setal row and the anterior transverse setal row; in the  Kimminsula -complex both rows stretch nearly across the labrum width; each row is dense, either regular, i.e. with one seta per section (Figs 16, 73, 232: anter.r, 488, 619), or has the form of a strip with a few setae per section (Figs 102, 232: poster.r, 617). In all species of  Kimminsula -complex, the anterior margin of labrum is hooded, i.e. the initial anterior margin is bent ventrally, so that in dorsal view the posterior transverse setal row appears to be located on the visible anterior margin or close to it, while the anterior transverse setal row is often hidden ventrally (Fig. 101). Setae of the true ventral side of labrum are situated irregularly (i.e. not forming rows), and form a distinctly outlined transverse ventro-anterior strip close to the anterior margin (Figs 101, 103). In all species except  Ghatula rufa gen. sp. n., labrum is wider than clypeus. Shape of the median incision is variable: either shallow with more or less developed denticles on the initial anterior margin (in the Ceylonese taxa  Ceylonula gen. n. ,  Kimminsula and  Hubbardula gen. n. , Figs 233, 487, 619), or cleft-like and lacking denticles (in the Indian taxa  Ghatula gen. n. and  Petersula , Figs 17, 103).  Petersula differs from other taxa by peculiar labral depressors [see below,  Petersula (2)] </p>
            <p> (4) Mandibles. As in majority of Atalophlebolinguata, mandibles are articulated at ventral side of the head capsule some distance from its lateral margins (Fig. 235); mandibles are flattened, with outer margins convex and projected laterally. The outer margin of mandible bears the distal tuft of setae, which occupies an area adjacent to the base of the incisor, and the middle tuft of setae which is more compact and located more laterally (Figs 22–23, 75–76, 229, 563, 620). Among members of the  Kimminsula -complex, the middle tuft is absent only in  Petersula (Figs 145–146). The same in some other leptophlebiid taxa (Kluge 2020). </p>
            <p> (5) Maxillae. Maxilla is wide. The subapical ventral row of comb-like setae (peculiar for  Leptophlebiidae ) has more or less expressed curvature, which divides it into two portions: a lateral portion consisting of setae with smaller sockets, and a median portions consisting of setae with larger sockets (length of all setae is equal). In the Ceylonese taxa, i.e.  Ceylonula gen. n. ,  Kimminsula and  Hubbardula gen. n. , the lateral portion is very long and the median portion is short, consisting of 5–10 setae (Figs 332–334). In the Indian taxa, i.e.  Ghatula gen. n. and  Petersula , the whole subapical ventral setal row is shorter, and its both portions are subequal in length (Figs 112–113) (the same in many other leptophlebiid taxa). </p>
            <p> (6) Maxillary palps. Maxillary palp bears long setae on outer sides of the 2nd and 3rd segments, dense setae on ventral side and on apex of the 3rd segment. The inner side of the 3rd segment bears a regular row of setae, whose size and number vary individually and do not provide taxonomic characters within the Kimminsulacomplex. The inner side of the 2nd segment bears longer setae which are either concentrated at its apex (in both species of  Petersula , Fig. 111) or form a more or less long longitudinal row (in other species, Figs 19, 236, 334, 493, 566, 623). </p>
            <p>(7) Labium. Shape and setation of labium is uniform in all representatives (Figs 26, 77, 116–118, 241, 492, 567, 624–625). Submentum is bare without prominent setae: either without visible setae at all (Figs 116, 567, 625), or with very small occasional setae. The glossae are not large, not projected from paraglossae neither ventrally, nor dorsally; long setae of their ventral side are situated densely and irregularly (Fig. 625); long setae on the dorsal side of glossa form irregular row or strip of a horseshoe shape (Fig. 242, 624) [as in Thaulodes (Kuge 2020: fig. 20)].</p>
            <p> (8) Labial palps. The last (3rd) segment of labial palp is shorter and narrower than others and apically blunt. A small, regular row of stout claw-like setae crosses apex of this segment. In  Petersula , these claw-like setae are relatively long (Fig. 117); in other taxa they are very short, with length about twice exceeding width at base (Figs 25, 240, 492, 567, 626). The same condition occurs in most other Atalophleboculata (see discussion about systematic position below). </p>
            <p>(9) Larval thorax. The pronotum is nearly rectangular, with rounded antero-lateral angles and a free anterior margin (i.e. transverse margin between antero-lateral angles and the neck membrane); a transverse ridge runs parallel to the free anterior margin; humeral setae are located between the free anterior margin and the ridge, being absent in other places (Figs 9, 91, 95, 228, 324, 391, 481, 556, 610) (the same in many other Atalophlebolinguata).</p>
            <p> (10) Larval femora. Femora are widened, so the groove on inner side (into which the tibia can be partly inserted) is bordered with prominent flanges (called here the inner-anterior flange and the inner-posterior flange); at least on the middle femur, the inner-anterior flange is expanded in its distal part, so the femur appears widest in distal part (Fig. 28); the forefemur has similar shape in all species except  Ghatula rufa gen sp. n., in which the inner-anterior flange of forefemur is reduced, being narrower than the inner-posterior flange (Fig. 27); the hind femur retains the usual elongate-ellipsoid shape, being widest in the middle (Fig. 29). </p>
            <p> The forefemur is not widened proximally (in contrast to many other  Leptophlebiidae ), but the cuticle of its anterior surface bears the proximal blank peculiar for mayfly larvae whose forefemur is proximally wider (Kluge 2020: p. 15). The proximal blank of foreleg differs from blanks occurring on the middle and hind legs (Fig 27, 119, 243, 336, 392, 449, 496, 571, 626). </p>
            <p> The anterior surface of each femur bears more or less numerous, irregularly situated, stout setae, which can be either blunt (Fig. 494), or pointed (Fig. 495), or variable. On the inner side of the femur the stout setae form a more or less regular row running by margin of the inner-anterior flange. On middle and hind femora (but never on forefemur) the stout setae form a regular, arched, transverse row situated near the femur base (Figs 28–29, 79–80, 120–121, 245, 337–338, 497–498, 572–573, 627). On outer side of each femur the stout setae are enlarged and form two more or less regular rows (which can be called the outer-anterior row and the outer-posterior row), between which the outer strip of thin hairs is located; hairs of this strip are situated densely and irregularly (Fig. 629). Hairs of the outer strip are generally longer and/or denser on the fore- and the middle femora, than on the hind femur (Figs 27–29, 78–80, 119–121, 336–338, 392–394, 449–451, 496– 498, 571–573, 612–614); in  Ceylonula gen. n. they are completely absent on the hind femur (Fig. 245). The posterior side of the hind femur bears curved setae —these are small, pointed, usually pectinate setae, curved toward the inner margin of the femur and forming an irregular strip along inner margin of the femur (Figs 36, 123, 247). </p>
            <p> The curved setae are probably initial for  Leptophlebiidae ; other features of femur setation, especially the transverse proximal rows on middle and hind femora, distinguish the  Kimminsula -complex from many other  Leptophlebiidae (see below, discussion about systematic position of the  Kimminsula -complex). </p>
            <p> (11) Larval tibiae. Patella-tibial suture, which initially for mayflies is absent on the forelegs and present on the middle and the hind legs (Kluge 2004), retains this condition in Ghatula  gen. n. ,  Ceylonula gen. n. and  Hubbardula gen.n. ; it is differently modified in  Petersula and in  Kimminsula [see below,  Petersula (7) and  Kimminsula (7)]. </p>
            <p> As in most other  Leptophlebiidae , tibiae of three leg pairs are differentiated: the pointed pectinate setae of inner side are preferably developed on the foreleg, and the stout setae of outer side are preferably developed on the hind leg. </p>
            <p> The foretibia bears stout pointed setae, which are often bipectinate; these setae occupy a longer or shorter part of the inner side of the foretibia, being always present at least near the apex of the tibia (Figs 124–126, 253–254, 339–340, 574–575, 632–633); on the middle tibia such setae are present only in  Ceylonula gen. n. (Figs 255–256); on the hind tibia such setae are absent in all representatives of the  Kimminsula -complex. </p>
            <p>The hind tibia differs from other tibiae by the presence of stout setae located on all sides, forming two longitudinal rows on outer side of the tibia—the outer-posterior and the outer-anterior ones (Figs 258, 504–505, 639) and forming a transverse row on posterior side at the tibia apex (Figs 35, 259).</p>
            <p> As in many other  Leptophlebiidae , the outer side of each tibia bears a longitudinal row of hairs (long and slender setae). In  Ghatula gen. n. and  Ceylonula gen. n. this row of hairs is single, but  Petersula ,  Kimminsula and  Hubbardula gen. n. have a second row located more anteriorly. Each of these rows is either regular, i.e. with one seta per section (Figs 124–125, 342, 501), or has a form of strip with a few setae per section (Figs 576, 639). On the hind tibia, which has two rows of stout setae on the outer side, the initial outer row of hairs is located between them, and the additional anterior row of hairs is located anteriad of the outer-anterior row of stout setae (Fig. 639). </p>
            <p> (12) Larval tarsus. The tarsus of each leg pair bears hairs on the outer side similar to hairs on the tibia; these hairs are longer and denser on the hind leg. Stout setae on inner sides of tarsi are differentiated as follows: on the fore- and middle legs they are small and few, can be absent; on the hind leg stout setae always form a longitudinal row at least on the distal part of the tarsus; in proximal part of the row setae are sparse and small, but they become denser, larger and hooked toward apex of the tarsus (Fig. 35). Sometimes inner side of the foretarsus bears several stout, pointed, pectinate setae of the same structure as the setae on inner side of the tibia of the same leg; such setae occur in  Ceylonula femoralis (Figs 251, 253) and some others. </p>
            <p>(13) Larval claw. Claw is bent perpendicular to the leg flatness and distinctly divided into the small articulatory portion and the large rigid portion (Figs 129, 506) (Kluge 2020).</p>
            <p>(14) Larval abdomen. The surface of terga and sterna is always smooth, without prominent relief or significant setae. Posterior margin of each abdominal tergum bears a row of sharply pointed denticles greatly varying in size; medium size of denticles is either subequal on all terga I–X (Figs 38–41), or significantly differs on different terga. Posterior margin of the 10th tergum always has shallow median concavity (Figs 41, 398, 586, 631). Posterior margins of all sterna I–IX are always smooth, without denticles (Fig. 94).</p>
            <p> Caudalii are about 2–3 times longer than the body; all 3 caudalii (the cerci and the paracercus) are equally developed both in  Ceylonula femoralis (whose paracercus is vestigial in the winged stages, Figs 269–271) and in other species (where the paracercus is equal to the cerci in all stages); posterior margin of each segment of cercus and paracercus bears whorls of pointed denticles and setae in all species (Figs 41–42). </p>
            <p> (15) Tergalii. Tergalii always retain 2 lamellae (initial for  Leptophlebiidae ); tergalii of all pairs have similar structure, with both lamellae similar. Tergalii make rhythmic undulate movements with the wave going from front to back; either all pairs of tergalii participate equally in respiration (Figs 440–442) or tergalii I do not participate in respiratory movement (Fig. 202). In other respects, structure of tergalii significantly differs in different taxa [see below,  Ghatula (9),  Petersula (9),  Ceylonula (9),  Kimminsula (9) and  Hubbardula (9)]. All 7 pairs of tergalii are retained in  Petersula ,  Ceylonula gen. n. ,  Kimminsula and  Hubbardula gen. n. , while  Ghatula gen. n. has no tergalii of 7th pair, thus retains only 6 pairs of tergalii. </p>
            <p> (16) Forewings. Furcation of MA is symmetrical or slightly asymmetrical. Furcation of MP is more proximal than furcation of RS and is sharply asymmetrical: vein MP 2 is attached at base to veins MP 1 and CuA either by equally oblique crossveins (Fig. 411), or the crossvein connecting MP 2 with MP 1 is more oblique and may be interpreted as asymmetric arising of MP 2 from MP 1 (Figs 51, 68, 151, 156, 279, 453, 539, 670); this difference may be individual (Figs 216, 218). Cubital field has 2 intercalaries between Cu 1 and Cu 2; in  Kimminsula latifolia sp. n. a third, additional intercalary is present between them (Fig. 581). Crossveins are numerous; some crossveins reach posterior margin of the wing between ends of the longitudinal and the intercalary veins. Crossveins in the area of pterostigma are numerous, complete and non-anastomosed; in  Ceylonula femoralis the costal field is wider than the subcostal field, and the pterostigmatic crossveins are nearly perpendicular to Sc (Fig. 279); in other taxa the costal field is not wider than the subcostal field, and the pterostigmatic crossveins vary from sharply oblique (Fig. 414) to perpendicular to Sc (Figs 670). </p>
            <p> (17) Hind wings. Forewing has well expressed tornus, and the hind wing is relatively large, about as long as the basi-tornal margin of the forewing. Costal projection of the hind wing is blunt and slightly projected; Sc is continued far distad of the costal projection (Figs 52, 153, 157–158, 217, 278, 365, 412, 454, 540, 671). The vein MA is non-bifurcate as in all other Furcatergaliae (see Kluge 2004); other veins are either fully developed (Figs 157–158), or MP is non-bifurcate (in  Ghatula gen. n. , Fig. 52). </p>
            <p> (18) Claws of winged stages. On each leg of imago and subimago, both claws are pointed and hooked (Figs 289, 676) (see below, discussion about systematic position of the  Kimminsula -complex). </p>
            <p> (19) Penis. The pair of penis lobes are movably connected at base, so that are able to move apart and be brought together under action of the sterno-penial muscles. In  Petersula the penial lobes are separated nearly to the base (Figs 179, 183), while in  Ceylonula gen. n. ,  Kimminsula and  Hubbardula gen. n. , the median sides of penis lobes are connected one with another at significant distance (Figs 297, 301, 375, 377, 418, 421, 469–470, 534, 545, 690, 697); in the last case their mobility is ensured by the fact that the cuticle of these median areas is delicate, soft and elastic. </p>
            <p> In  Petersula ,  Kimminsula and  Ceylonula gen. n. , apex of each paired penis lobe bears a pointed process directed medio-ventrally; such processes are not present in in  Hubbardula gen. n. (Figs 690, 697); genitalia of  Ghatula gen. n. are unknown. In taxa with the medio-ventral processes, these processes arise from the penis apices and look similarly, but their structure is significantly different: in  Kimminsula they are conic, i.e. round in cross section (Figs 374–375, 377, 380, 417–418, 421, 469–470, 545), in  Ceylonula gen. n. they are grooved with concavities facing medio-dorsally (Figs 300–301), and in  Petersula they are grooved with concavities faced latero-ventrally (Figs 172–173, 179). </p>
            <p> In  Petersula , the pointed projections are already present on larval protopenis, where they have the same position as in imago (Figs 175–177, 209). In  Ceylonula gen. n. and  Kimminsula , larval protopenis has no any precursors of these projections (Figs 304–305, 379, 425–426, 549, 602). </p>
            <p> In all cases (in  Petersula ,  Kimminsula , and  Ceylonula gen. n. ) the medio-ventral pointed processes arise from the ventral sides of penis lobes, significantly distad to the gonopores, while the gonopores are opened on the dorsal sides of the penis lobes. The medio-ventral pointed processes have no connection with the gonoducts: in  Petersula and  Ceylonula gen. n. their grooves do not touch the gonopores (Figs 172, 300), and in  Kimminsula they have no any grooves or canals at all. The pair of gonoducts passing inside the penis lobes, have no musculated sperm pumps, in contrast to  Thraulodes (Kluge 2020: figs 101, 111) and some others. </p>
            <p> (20) Styliger and gonostyli. The posterior-dorsal margin of styliger is distinct, and its postero-ventral margin is not expressed, so the gonostyli are attached on ellipsoid membranous cavities faced ventro-caudally and well visible from ventral view (Figs 181, 184). In other respects styligers and gonostyli are significantly diverse: in  Petersula and  Kimminsula the styliger is short and simple, and the gonostyli retain division into 4 segments (Figs 184, 376, 420, 472); in  Ceylonula femoralis the styliger is projected medially, and the gonostyli lack boundary between the initial 1st and 2nd segments (Fig. 296); in  Hubbardula heterolepida sp. n. the styliger is elongated and modified, the membranous cavities of gonostyli attachments are connected medially, and the gonostyli lack boundary between the initial 2nd and 3rd segments (Figs 689, 691, 698). </p>
            <p> Composition of the  Kimminsula -complex </p>
            <p> This complex includes two south Indian genera,  Petersula Sivaramakrishnan 1984 and  Ghatula gen. n. , and three Ceylonese genera,  Ceylonula gen. n. ,  Kimminsula Peters &amp; Edmunds 1970 and  Hubbardula gen. n. Key characters of these genera are given in Table 1. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/380E87A6F168FF9A3181FE23FDD45CE4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kluge, Nikita J.	Kluge, Nikita J. (2022): Review of the Kimminsula-complex (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae). Zootaxa 5212 (1): 1-140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5212.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5212.1.1
380E87A6F164FF9F3181FBC6FA645E9E.text	380E87A6F164FF9F3181FBC6FA645E9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptophlebiidae	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to imagines of Asian  Leptophlebiidae with both claws of each leg pointed </p>
            <p> 1(2) Hind wings absent............................................................................  Nathanella</p>
            <p> 2(1) Hind wings present (  Kimminsula -complex)................................................................ 3 </p>
            <p> 3(4) Paracercus vestigial, about as long as 10th abdominal segment (Fig. 271).........................  Ceylonula femoralis</p>
            <p>4(3) Paracercus as long as cerci.</p>
            <p> 5(8) Vein MP of hind wing not furcated (Fig. 52). Tibiae of middle and hind legs with groove crossing inner margin and corresponding to patella-tibial suture (Figs 54–55) (  Ghatula gen. n. )..................................................... 6 </p>
            <p> 6(7) Abdominal terga VIII and IX each with pair of dark brown maculae (as in Fig. 69) (presumably, based on larval hypodermal coloration)...................................................................  Ghatula quadrimaculata sp. n.</p>
            <p> 7(6) Abdominal terga VIII and IX without such maculae (Figs 57–58)................................  Ghatula rufa sp. n.</p>
            <p>8(5) Vein MP of hind wing furcated: either with intercalary forming triad (Fig. 153, 157), or without intercalary (Fig. 217), or with both branches fused distally (Fig. 158). All tibiae (including those of middle and hind legs) without groove crossing inner margin (Figs 159–164, 213–214, 461–462, 680–681)............................................................ 9</p>
            <p>9(12) Hind wing with anterior-proximal margin bordered with brown (Figs 157–158, 671)............................... 10</p>
            <p> 10(11) Hind wing with posterior-distal margin bordered with brown (Figs 157–159). ♂: eyes meet on meson (Fig. 168); penis with pair of apical spines directed ventrally (Figs 172–173, 179, 183)............................  Petersula heptagenoides sp. n.</p>
            <p> 11(10) Hind wing with posterior-distal margin not colored (Fig. 671). ♂: eyes widely separated (Fig. 674); penis without spines directed ventrally (Figs 688, 690, 697).........................................  Hubbardula heterolepida gen. sp. n. </p>
            <p>12(9) Hind wing with brown coloration at base only (Figs 217, 365, 412, 454, 540)..................................... 13</p>
            <p> 13(16) ♂: dorsal eyes meet on meson (as in Fig. 168); ventral spines on apices of penis grooved (as in Figs 172–173, 179; Sivaramakrishnan 1984: fig. 6, 9) (  Petersula )...................................................................... 14 </p>
            <p> 14(15) ♂ imago: abdominal terga III–V without paired lines (Sivaramakrishnan 1984: figs 10, 12); terga I–IX light, tergum X dark...................................................................................  Petersula courtallensis</p>
            <p> 15(14) ♂ imago: abdominal terga III–V with submedian pair of longitudinal lines (Sivaramakrishnan 1984: fig. 11); terga I–VII light, terga VIII–X dark.......................................................................  Petersula nathani</p>
            <p> 16(13) ♂: dorsal eyes widely separated (Figs 369, 531); ventral spines on apices of penis cone-shaped, without groves (Figs 374–375, 377, 380,417, 418, 421, 469–470, 534, 545) (  Kimminsula )................................................... 17 </p>
            <p> 17(18) Each abdominal tergum V–VIII or V–IX with unpaired triangular dark spot adjacent to anterior margin of tergum (as in Fig. 580) (presumably, based on larval hypodermal coloration)................................  Kimminsula latifolia sp. n.</p>
            <p>......continued on the next page</p>
            <p>TABLE 1. (Continued)</p>
            <p>18(17) Abdominal terga either without smaller dark spots (Figs 369–370, 373, 463, 532), or with large spot adjacent to posterior margin of tergum (Figs 414, 416)........................................................................... 19</p>
            <p> 19(20) ♂: penis with unpaired projection between pair of lobes (Figs 534, 545); tibiae black-brow, contrastingly darker than femora (Figs 535–536); abdominal coloration as in Fig. 532 ........................................  Kimminsula podi sp. n.</p>
            <p>20(19) ♂: penis lobes contiguous basally, without projection between them (Figs 374–375, 377, 380); tibiae brown or ocher, not darker than femora (Figs 370, 414); abdominal coloration different (Figs 369–370, 373, 414, 416, 463)...................... 21</p>
            <p> 21(22) Abdominal terga mostly brown, with antero-lateral areas lighter ocher (Figs 413–416)............  Kimminsula taprobanes</p>
            <p> 22(21) Abdominal terga mostly light ocher, with brown markings (Figs 369–370, 373, 463)..............................................................  Kimminsula fasciata (and the form intermediate between  K. taprobanes and  K. fasciata ) </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/380E87A6F164FF9F3181FBC6FA645E9E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kluge, Nikita J.	Kluge, Nikita J. (2022): Review of the Kimminsula-complex (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae). Zootaxa 5212 (1): 1-140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5212.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5212.1.1
380E87A6F161FF9F3181FE12FA645923.text	380E87A6F161FF9F3181FE12FA645923.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kimminsula Peters & Edmunds 1970	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to larvae of the  Kimminsula -complex </p>
            <p>1(10) Each of two lamellae of each tergalius with numerous slender processes (Figs 43–48, 85–90, 130–136, 148–150, 641–663)..................................................................................................... 2</p>
            <p> 2(3) Only posterior margin of each lamella with processes (Figs 641–663)...............  Hubbardula heterolepida gen. sp. n. </p>
            <p>3(2) Both margins of each lamella with processes (Figs 43–48, 85–90, 130–137, 148–150)............................... 4</p>
            <p> 4(7) Labrum as wide as clypeus (Figs 7, 72). Patella-tibial suture absent on foreleg, present on middle and hind legs, crosses inner side of tibia (Figs 30–34). 6 pairs of tergalii (tergalii VII lost) (Figs 43–48, 85–90). (  Ghatula gen. n. ).................. 5 </p>
            <p> 5(6) Abdominal terga VIII and IX each with pair of dark brown maculae (Figs 68–69). On forefemur, inner-anterior flange larger than inner-posterior flange (Fig. 78)...............................................  Ghatula quadrimaculata sp. n.</p>
            <p> 6(5) Abdominal terga without contrasting maculae (Fig. 15). On forefemur, inner-anterior flange smaller than inner-posterior flange (Fig. 27).........................................................................  Ghatula rufa gen. sp. n. </p>
            <p> 7(4) Labrum normally much wider than clypeus (Fig. 96) (not much wider in selected individuals). Patella-tibial suture equally developed on all legs, not crossing inner side of tibia (Figs 124–128). 7 pairs of tergalii (Figs 130–136) (  Petersula ) (larva of  P. nathani unknown)..................................................................................... 8 </p>
            <p> 8(9) Posterolateral spines of uromere VIII longer than spines of uromere IX (Fig. 94)...........  Petersula heptagenoides sp. n.</p>
            <p> 9(8) Posterolateral spines of uromere VIII shorter than spines of uromere IX (Fig. 196)................  Petersula courtallensis</p>
            <p>10(1) Each of two lamellae of each tergalius with one slender process at apex, without additional slender processes (Figs 262–268, 348–361, 399–405, 507–527, 587–600)................................................................... 11</p>
            <p> 11(12) Each of two lamellae of each tergalius without projections by sides of apical process (Figs 262–268)...  Ceylonula femoralis</p>
            <p> 12(11) Each of two lamellae of each tergalius wit two projections by sides of apical process, so that apical process is inserted in incision between them (Figs 348–361, 399–405, 507–527, 587–600) (  Kimminsula ) form intermediate between  K. taprobanes and  K. fasciata is not included in this key).................................................................... 13 </p>
            <p> 13(14) Labrum relatively wide and short (Figs 552–553). Stout setae on femora small and blunt (Figs 569–673). Inner side of foretibia without stout pointed setae (with only a few such setae at apex) (Figs 574–575)...............  Kimminsula latifolia sp. n.</p>
            <p>14(13) Labrum narrower and shorter (Figs 322, 389, 444, 478). Stout setae on femora longer (Fig. 336–338, 395, 494–495). Inner side of foretibia with stout pointed setae (Figs 339, 499)......................................................... 15</p>
            <p> 15(16) Outer margins of femora not bordered with brown (Figs 392–394). Each abdominal tergum II–VIII with unpaired median blank bordered with dark area in front but not behind (Fig. 390) (this blank can be bordered from behind with dark area of hypodermal coloration)........................................................................  Kimminsula taprobanes</p>
            <p>16(15) At least outer margin of fore- and middle femora bordered with dark brown (both cuticular and hypodermal colorations) (Figs 336–338, 367, 496–498). If contrasting pigmented areas and blanks expressed on cuticle of abdominal terga, tergum has paired or unpaired median blank bordered from behind (Figs 329–331, 480)........................................... 17</p>
            <p> 17(18) Tibia with hypodermal coloration not darker than hypodermal coloration of femur (Fig. 367). Cuticle of clypeus usually with pair of contrasting blanks (Fig. 322)......................................................  Kimminsula fasciata</p>
            <p> 18(17) Tibiae with hypoderm entirely colored with brown or black, darker than hypodermal coloration of femur (Figs 573–538). Cuticle of clypeus without contrasting blanks (Fig. 478).......................................  Kimminsula podi sp. n.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/380E87A6F161FF9F3181FE12FA645923	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kluge, Nikita J.	Kluge, Nikita J. (2022): Review of the Kimminsula-complex (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae). Zootaxa 5212 (1): 1-140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5212.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5212.1.1
