identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0D1636B76B995904A14B2684276A5ADB.text	0D1636B76B995904A14B2684276A5ADB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alopecosa disca Tang, Yin & Yang 1997	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Alopecosa disca Tang, Yin &amp; Yang, 1997 Figures 1, 2, 10 </p>
            <p> Alopecosa disca Tang, Yin &amp; Yang in Yin et al. 1997: 64, fig. 27a-d (♀); Song et al. 1999: 317, fig. 187E (♀, republication of the original figures). </p>
            <p>Type.</p>
            <p>Holotype ♀ (HNU, Lyco- Alop -0004-001): China, Gansu Province, Lanzhou City, Yuzhong County, Temple Majiamiao, 13.VII.1981, leg. Yingqiu Tang. Temple Majiamiao: 35°51'N, 104°7.12'E (information supplied by present authors).</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Epigyne of this species is similar to that of  A. chagyabensis Hu &amp; Li, 1987, a species known from Xizang Autonomous Region of China. Both species are lacking anterior hood, have base of septum width much longer than septal stem length, both have distinct copulatory opening, but can be separated by septum width/length ratio 2.5 in  A. disca and 1.8 in  A. chagyabensis . Two species well differ by the shape of the endogyne (compare Fig. 1F-I and fig. 64-2 in Hu 2001). </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Body (Fig. 1A) length 16.0, carapace 7.9 long, 5.0 wide, abdomen 8.8 long, 5.8 wide (data from original description by Yin et al. 1997: 64). Carapace dark reddish brown. Cervical and radial grooves distinct, darker than body color. Fovea linear, short, but a little thick. Head region wide, with anterior margin almost 4/5 width of thorax region. Anterior eye row straight, almost as wide as median one, posterior row widest. Eye sizes and inter-distances (Fig. 1A, B): AME 0.30, ALE 0.27, PME 0.49, PLE 0.47; AME-AME 0.19, AME-ALE 0.2, PME-PME 0.49, PME-PLE 0.67. Clypeus height 0.23. Chelicerae black-brown, with three promarginal and two retromarginal teeth (Fig. 1C). Both labium and endites black brown, with reddish brown distal parts. Sternum (Fig. 1D) brown, with metallic luster. STL 3.52, STW 2.82 (Fig. 1D). Palp and legs reddish brown, robust, without any distinct annuli. Leg measurements: I 18.30 (5.00, 6.60, 3.80, 2.90); II 16.70 (4.80, 5.80, 3.60, 2.50); III 15.00 (4.50, 5.00, 3.60, 1.90); IV 20.40 (6.10, 7.00, 5.00, 2.30) (data from original description by Yin et al. 1997: 64), leg formula 4123. Dorsum of abdomen (Fig. 1A) dark brown mixed yellowish brown. Cardiac mark distinct, dark brown and large. Posterior half of abdomen with 4 or 5 chevrons (because the type specimen has been wrinkled, chevron patterns showed in color photos of the present paper are not clearer than those showed in line drawings of the original paper). Venter of abdomen grey yellowish in the middle and dark grey laterally.</p>
            <p>Epigyne (Figs 1E-I, 2) wider than long. Atrium and anterior hood absent. Septum weakly sclerotized, with short stem (Ss) and broad base (Sb); stem shorter than base height. Spermathecae with clavate head, slender and curved stalk, and accessorial gland (Ag) situated at the place near copulatory duct. Copulatory ducts short, slightly twisted.</p>
            <p>Male. Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Only known from the type locality, Gansu, China (Fig. 10).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1636B76B995904A14B2684276A5ADB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Tang, Jia;Xu, Xiang;Yin, Haiqiang;Marusik, Yuri M.;Huang, Zongguang	Tang, Jia, Xu, Xiang, Yin, Haiqiang, Marusik, Yuri M., Huang, Zongguang (2020): Redescription of holotypes of four Alopecosa species (Araneae, Lycosidae) from China. ZooKeys 945: 85-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.52287, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.52287
E439D52304085FDD9AF65B670387119E.text	E439D52304085FDD9AF65B670387119E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alopecosa licenti (Schenkel 1953)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Alopecosa licenti (Schenkel, 1953) Figures 8, 9 </p>
            <p> Tarentula licenti Schenkel 1953: 77, fig. 36 (♀). </p>
            <p> Tarentula argentata Schenkel 1963: 306, fig. 174a, b (♂). </p>
            <p> Tarentula fenestrata Schenkel 1963: 311, fig. 177 (♀). </p>
            <p> Tarentula fenestrata pseudobarbipes Schenkel 1963: 312, fig. 178 (♀). </p>
            <p> Tarentula davidi Schenkel 1963: 313, fig. 179 (♀). </p>
            <p> Tarentula orbiculata Schenkel 1963: 315, fig. 180 (♀). </p>
            <p> Tarentula bipennis Schenkel 1963: 316, fig. 181 (♀). </p>
            <p> Alopecosa xilinensis Peng, Yin, Zhang &amp; Kim 1997: 42, figs 6-9 (♀); Yin et al. 1997: 76, fig. 34a-d (♀, republication of figures from Peng et al. 1997); Song et al. 1999: 318, fig. 188D (♀, copy of fig. 30c in Yin et al. 1997), syn. nov. For complete list of references, see WSC (2020). </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p> Holotype ♀ of  Alopecosa xilinensis Peng et al., 1997 (HNU, Lyco- Alop -0002-001) from China, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Xilinhot, 44°N, 116°6'E, 13-15.VII.1987, leg. Jiafu Wang; 3 ♀, Inner Mongolia, VII.1983, leg. Lita Wu. </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p>Copulatory ducts in the original description of the species are known short and stout (Peng et al. 1997: 42). In fact, they are long and slender, and the short and stout parts are stalks of the spermathecae (Figs 8F, 9B).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> This species has the most synonyms of any Chinese  Alopecosa due to variations of the shape of the epigyne. Some individuals have very narrow septum (Schenkel 1953: fig. 36; Schenkel 1963: figs 177, 179; Yin et al. 1997: fig. 29b; Zhu and Zhang 2011: fig. 183A) and some have slightly wide septum (Schenkel 1963: figs 178, 180, 181; Song 1986: fig. 14). The septum has a smooth posterior margin (Schenkel 1953: fig. 36; Schenkel 1963: figs 179-181; Yin et al. 1997: fig. 29b; Zhu and Zhang 2011: fig. 183) in some specimens. But in others, the posterior margin of the septum has a lip-shaped protrusion (Schenkel 1963: figs 177-178). The holotype of  A. xilinensis has the same narrow septum as shown by Schenkel (1963: fig. 177) or by Yin et al. (1997: fig. 29b). It also has the same posterior margin of septum as shown by Schenkel (1963: fig. 178). The vulva of holotype of  A. xilinensis is the same as figured by Song (1986: fig. 15), Yin et al. (1997: fig. 29c), and Zhu and Zhang (2011: fig. 183b). Accounting for the similarity of the epigyne and vulva of the holotypes of  A. xilinensis and  A. licenti , we consider these names to be synonyms. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>The species has a rather wide distribution in China, known from Gansu to Heilongjiang and south to Sichuan (Zhu and Zhang 2011; Li and Lin 2016). Besides China, this species is known from Tuva, Khabarovsk and Maritime provinces in Russia (Mikhailov 2013), Mongolia, and also Korea (WSC 2020).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E439D52304085FDD9AF65B670387119E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Tang, Jia;Xu, Xiang;Yin, Haiqiang;Marusik, Yuri M.;Huang, Zongguang	Tang, Jia, Xu, Xiang, Yin, Haiqiang, Marusik, Yuri M., Huang, Zongguang (2020): Redescription of holotypes of four Alopecosa species (Araneae, Lycosidae) from China. ZooKeys 945: 85-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.52287, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.52287
E202859B67ED54E6B5878FA054319586.text	E202859B67ED54E6B5878FA054319586.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alopecosa orbisaca Peng, Yin, Zhang & Kim 1997	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Alopecosa orbisaca Peng, Yin, Zhang &amp; Kim, 1997 Figures 3, 4, 10 </p>
            <p> Alopecosa orbisaca Peng et al. 1997: 41, figs 1-5 (♀); Yin et al. 1997: 70, fig. 30a-e (♀, republication of the original figures); Song et al., 1999: 317, fig. 187M (♀, republication of the original figure). </p>
            <p>Type.</p>
            <p>Holotype ♀ (HNU, Lyco- Alop -0003-001): China, Qinghai Province, Xining City, 36°36'N, 101°48'E, 1978.</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The female of this species is similar to that of  Alopecosa zyuzini Logunov &amp; Marusik, 1995 in having a pair of separate anterior hoods and similar shape of septum.  Alopecosa orbisaca can be separated from similar species by having large size (carapace 4.0 vs 2.85-3.58 in  A. zyuzini ), and wider stem of septum (septum wider than hood vs narrower than hood) (compare Fig. 3E and fig. 64-2 in Hu 2001). </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Holotype female. Body (Fig. 3A) length 9.20, carapace 4.00 long, 3.50 wide, abdomen 5.2 long, 3.20 wide (data from original description in Peng et al., 1997: 41). Carapace brown, with median pattern orange brown, short and about 1/4 width of thorax region. Cervical and radial grooves black brown, distinct. Pair of paraxial longitudinal bands brown, each band about 1/4 width of thorax region. Pair of lateral longitudinal bands also brown, however each band half of width of paraxial longitudinal band. Fovea long, linear, black. Cephalic region wide, with anterior margin about 3/4 width of thorax region. Anterior eye row straight, as wide as median one, posterior row widest. Eye sizes and interdistances (Fig. 3A, B): AME 0.14, ALE 0.16, PME 0.3, PLE 0.18; AME-AME 0.13, AME-ALE 0.11, PME-PME 0.35, PME-PLE 0.51. Clypeus height 0.19. Chelicerae black, with 3 promarginal (the first one largest and the third one smallest) and 2 retromarginal teeth (Fig. 3C). Labium with the base black and the distal part yellow and endites black-brown. Sternum yellow-brown, STL 1.94, STW 1.81 (Fig. 3D). Palps and legs reddish brown, robust, no distinct annulus except for femur of palp with dark stripes dorsally. Leg measurements: I 9.80 (2.90, 3.20, 2.00, 1.70); II 8.70 (2.80, 2.70, 1.90, 1.30); III 8.70 (2.80, 2.70, 1.90, 1.30); IV 11.30 (3.10, 3.50, 2.80, 1.90) (data from original description by Peng et al. 1997: 41). Abdomen yellow-brown, with large, pale cardiac and 5 brown chevron patterns dorsally (Fig. 3A). Venter of abdomen grey brown.</p>
            <p>Epigyne (Figs 3E, F, 4) wide than long, with septum as long as wide, stem gradually widening toward the base, lateral margins of septum strongly sclerotized; anterior part of atrium with a pair of hoods (Ho); anterior part of septum (or stem, Ss) about 1.5 times wider than hoods. Spermatheca (Sp) divided distinctly into head and stalk, both of them with not smooth surface; a strong twist present at the connecting part between spermatheca and copulatory duct (Cd); copulatory duct long, ear-shaped.</p>
            <p>Male. Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Only known from the type locality, Qinghai, China (Fig. 10).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E202859B67ED54E6B5878FA054319586	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Tang, Jia;Xu, Xiang;Yin, Haiqiang;Marusik, Yuri M.;Huang, Zongguang	Tang, Jia, Xu, Xiang, Yin, Haiqiang, Marusik, Yuri M., Huang, Zongguang (2020): Redescription of holotypes of four Alopecosa species (Araneae, Lycosidae) from China. ZooKeys 945: 85-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.52287, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.52287
FD84B1E0CBD45BEF87D6601AD9F22D34.text	FD84B1E0CBD45BEF87D6601AD9F22D34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alopecosa Simon 1885	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Alopecosa Simon, 1885</p>
            <p>Type species.</p>
            <p> Araneus fabrilis Clerck, 1757 from Sweden. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD84B1E0CBD45BEF87D6601AD9F22D34	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Tang, Jia;Xu, Xiang;Yin, Haiqiang;Marusik, Yuri M.;Huang, Zongguang	Tang, Jia, Xu, Xiang, Yin, Haiqiang, Marusik, Yuri M., Huang, Zongguang (2020): Redescription of holotypes of four Alopecosa species (Araneae, Lycosidae) from China. ZooKeys 945: 85-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.52287, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.52287
601A5603FFC8545D9360AC40F750D6E9.text	601A5603FFC8545D9360AC40F750D6E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alopecosa wenxianensis Tang, Yin & Yang 1997	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Alopecosa wenxianensis Tang, Yin &amp; Yang, 1997 Figures 5, 6, 7, 10 </p>
            <p> Alopecosa wenxianensis Tang, Yin &amp; Yang in Yin et al. 1997: 75, fig. 33a-e (♂); Tang et al. 1998: 91, fig. 2a-e (♂); Song et al. 1999: 318, fig. 188J (♂, republication of the original figure). </p>
            <p>Type.</p>
            <p>Holotype ♂ (HNU, Lyco- Alop -0001-001): China, Gansu Province, Longnan City, Wenxian County (32°54'N, 104°6'E), Guanjiagou, 2.V.1992, leg. Yingqiu Tang.</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Male palp of this species (Figs 5E, 6, 7) is similar to that of  A. xinjiangensis Hu &amp; Wu, 1989 by having sharply pointed tegular apophysis and differs by having relatively shorter tip of cymbium, rounded anterior edge of the tegular apophysis (vs almost straight) and tip of tegular apophysis located in mid part of the bulb (vs anterior 1/3) (Hu and Wu 1989: figs 162.5-6; Marusik et al. 2007: fig. 3). </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Body (Fig. 5A) length 7.9, carapace 4.4 long, 3.0 wide, abdomen 3.5 long, 2.2 wide (after Yin et al. 1997: 75). Carapace dark-brown, with median pattern yellow-brown and about 1/3 width of thorax region. Cervical groove and radial grooves distinct, slightly darker than body color. A pair of lateral longitudinal bands dark brown, each about 2/3 width of thorax region. Cephalic region with anterior margin about 1/3 width of thoracic part. Anterior eye row slightly recurved, slightly narrower than median one, posterior row widest. Ocular area covered with white setae; eye sizes and inter-distances (Fig. 5A, B): AME 0.12, ALE0.13, PME 0.31, PLE 0.25; AME-AME 0.12, AME-ALE 0.1, PME- PME 0.31, PME-PLE 0.38. Clypeus height 0.09. Chelicerae brown, with blackish-grey patterns, and with 2 small promarginal and 2 large retromarginal teeth (Fig. 5C). Labium and endites yellow-brown. Sternum brown, with marginal lines darker, STL 1.3, STW 1.04 (Fig. 5D). Palp and legs brown, with black and gray patterns. Leg measurements: I 10.2 (2.8, 3.4, 2.5, 1.5); II 9. 80 (2.6, 3.4, 2.3, 1. 5); III 10. 0 (2.5, 3.3, 2.6, 1.6); IV 13.5 (3.7, 4.2, 3.8, 1.8) (after Yin et al., 1997: 75). Dorsum of abdomen dark brown, densely covered with setae. Cardiac mark about 1/3 abdomen length, black brown, with several yellow-brown transversal or oblique stripes on the sides of it. Venter of abdomen yellow-brown medially, and with irregular grey-black dots laterally.</p>
            <p> Palp (Figs 5E, 6, 7). Cymbium brown, about 1.5 times longer than tibia, ca 1.8 times longer than wide, with the tip slightly swollen and covered with some strong setae. Bulb 1.25 times longer than wide; tegulum inclined at ca 50  º angle and sperm duct (Sd) at about 20°; tegular apophysis sharply pointed, with smoothly rounded anterior margin, tip directed at right angle to the axis of cymbium and located in the middle part of the bulb; palea subequal in size to the subtegulum, with almost undeveloped short and rounded synembolus (Sy); embolus hidden by the tegular apophysis and only tip visible in ventral view. </p>
            <p>Female. Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Known only from the type locality, Gansu, China (Fig. 10).</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p>Because the abdomen is wrinkled, several transversal or oblique stripes on the dorsum shown in Figure 5A are less clear than those shown in line drawings of the original description.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/601A5603FFC8545D9360AC40F750D6E9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Tang, Jia;Xu, Xiang;Yin, Haiqiang;Marusik, Yuri M.;Huang, Zongguang	Tang, Jia, Xu, Xiang, Yin, Haiqiang, Marusik, Yuri M., Huang, Zongguang (2020): Redescription of holotypes of four Alopecosa species (Araneae, Lycosidae) from China. ZooKeys 945: 85-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.52287, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.52287
