identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
352687AFFF98A739FF554E72FC85FE56.text	352687AFFF98A739FF554E72FC85FE56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris impudica (Ruppell & Leuckart 1830)	<div><p>Gymnodoris impudica (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830)</p><p>(Figs. 2A–L)</p><p>Doris impudica Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830: 33–34, pl. 10, figs. 2A–C. Type locality: El Tor, Egypt.</p><p>Trevelyana rubropapulosa Bergh, 1905: 191–192, pl 4, fig. 15, pl. 17, figs. 27–31, pl. 18, figs. 1–3. Type locality: Near “Saleyer” [= Selayar Island, Indonesia].</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, Koumac Bay (20°34.2'S, 164°16.5'E), 0 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KM 101], 7 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 23 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26355, isolate JD18). New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, Exterior NW Infernet Reef (20°35.5'S, 164°12.9'E), 10 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR619, sandy-muddy, algal patches], 19 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 28 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26427, not sequenced). New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, Pandop Point marker (South rock) (20°35.5'S, 164°16.3'E), 6 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR624, sandy-muddy bottom with some algae ( Caulerpa, Halimeda) and sponge aggregates], 23 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 11 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26356, isolate JD15). New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, East of Karembé (20°39.1'S, 164°17.6'E), 6 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR633, species rich sand], 26 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 31 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26358, isolate JD02). New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, Reef facing Pandop Point (20°35.3'S, 164°16.4'E), 7 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR869, rocky reef sloping down to 7 m depth, with algae and sponges], 27 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 22 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26359, isolate JD11). New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, Baron Pass (white bottoms) (20°33.8'S, 164°10.3'E), 0 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR 644], 29 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 18 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26357, isolate JD92). New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°33.1'S, 164°13.9'E), 6 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR 902], 1 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 20 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019- 26361, isolate JD93). New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°33.7'S, 164°13.1'E), 12 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR 875], 3 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 21 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26362, isolate JD95). New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°35.5'S, 164°16.4'E), 8 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR 882], 7 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 22 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26364, isolate JD14). New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°40.2'S, 164°16.6'E), 7 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KD 549], 10 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 24 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26363, isolate JD09). New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°34.4'S, 164°13.8'E), 8 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR 918], 20 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 24 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26360, isolate JD94). New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°35.3'S, 164°16.4'E), 6 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR 885], 21 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 28 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26426, isolate JD01).</p><p>Description. Body elongated, narrow, covered with numerous large, rounded to conical tubercles. Velum distinct with 7–9 irregular tubercles on edge; notal rim not differentiated, velum merges with dorsum behind rhinophores (Figs. 2A–L). Posterior end of foot tapering slightly into robust “tail.” Color opaque white, tubercles yellow to orange, smaller orange spots between tubercles. Internal organs not visible, except for faint dark mass anterior to gill. Rhinophores bulbous, with 10–14 lamellae, dark orange to red. Gill with 8–12 large, broad, tripinnate leaves, lamellae white, rachises orange. Foot wider than notum, surrounded by orange line, small yellow, elongate glandular structures, orange spots on sides; oral tentacles small, blunt, red.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris impudica appears to be sister to Gymnodoris inornata (Bergh, 1880), but this relationship is poorly supported in the ML analysis (PP: 0.99, MLB: 67) of the concatenated dataset (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. Rüppell &amp; Leuckart (1830) originally described Doris impudica from the Egyptian Red Sea as having a tuberculated dorsum, milky in color, with orange spots, rhinophores, branchial leaves, and edge of the foot are orange. This description matches the characteristics of the material here examined as well as illustrations in recent literature as G. impudica (e.g., Yonow, 2008; Nakano, 2018) including records from Nouméa, New Caledonia (Hervé, 2010). Moreover, all the specimens from New Caledonia cluster are in the same clade and are recovered as the same species as specimens from Vanuatu and Singapore identified as G. impudica .</p><p>Trevelyana rubropapulosa originally described by Bergh (1905) from Indonesia has been regarded as a synonym of G. impudica (Yonow, 2008, 2011; Nakano, 2018) but treated as a distinct species by other authors (e.g., Rudman &amp; Darvell, 1990; Martynov &amp; Korshunova, 2012; Gosliner et al., 2018) in the binomen Gymnodoris rubropapulosa . To date, no specimens from the Indian Ocean or the Red Sea have been sequenced to verify whether the specimens from the Western Pacific belong to the same species. Thus, the correct name for the material here examined remains unclear, until sequence data from the Indian Ocean become available. To be consistent with previous records from New Caledonia, and in absence of evidence that G. rubropapulosa is distinct, we will hesitantly use the older available name G. impudica for the material here examined.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFF98A739FF554E72FC85FE56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFF96A739FF554EE1FB2FFC3C.text	352687AFFF96A739FF554EE1FB2FFC3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris aurita (Gould 1852)	<div><p>Gymnodoris aurita (Gould, 1852)</p><p>Doris aurita Gould, 1852: 299, pl. 23, fig. 394. Type locality: “Sandalwood Bay, Feejee Islands” [= Bua Bay, Vanua Levu, Fiji].</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris aurita is the most basal member of a clade (PP: 0.95, MLB: 97) including several undescribed species: Gymnodoris cf. alba, Gymnodoris sp. 23, Gymnodoris sp. 31, Gymnodoris sp. W, Gymnodoris sp. X, Gymnodoris sp. Y, and Gymnodoris bricei sp. nov. (Fig. 1A). The relationships between this clade and other Gymnodoris clades is unresolved (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. Doris aurita was originally described by Gould (1852) from Fiji as a bright crimson species, with small, scattered tubercles, resembling pustules; rhinophores, gill, and mantle margin sulphur-yellow.This description matches the current usage of the name in the binomen G. aurita (Wells &amp; Bryce, 1993; Hervé, 2010; Nakano, 2018; Gosliner et al., 2018). While no material of G. aurita was examined for the present study, the species was reported from the Reef of the Sarcelle, New Caledonia, by Hervé (2010) and therefore listed herein.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFF96A739FF554EE1FB2FFC3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFF96A73AFF554B0AFBDFFD7B.text	352687AFFF96A73AFF554B0AFBDFFD7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris ceylonica (Kelaart 1858)	<div><p>Gymnodoris ceylonica (Kelaart, 1858)</p><p>(Fig. 2M)</p><p>Trevelyana ceylonica Kelaart, 1858a: 257–258, pl. 10B, figs. 1–2. Type locality: Sober Island, Sri-Lanka.</p><p>Trevelyana picta Pease, 1871: 301–302, pl. 20, fig. 1. Type locality: “Island of Huaheine” [= Huahine, French Polynesia].</p><p>Trevelyana rubromaculata Bergh, 1905: 189–191, pl. 3, fig. 14, pl. 17, figs. 21–23. On the reefs of Pepela Bay on the east coast of “Rotti Island” [= Rote Island, Indonesia].</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: South Province: Nouméa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.25667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.363333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.25667/lat -22.363333)">Passe de Dumbea</a> (22°21.8'S, 166°15.4'E), 6 m depth, 23 Oct 2022, 1 specimen 29 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26504, not sequenced), leg. Y. Thévenet.</p><p>Description. Body oval to elongated, with several large, low, round tubercles. Velum distinct with several tubercles on edge; notal rim not differentiated, velum merges with dorsum behind rhinophores (Fig. 2M). Posterior end of foot tapering slightly into broad “tail.” Color translucent dirty-white, with orange-red tubercles. Rhinophores elongated, with 8 lamellae, translucent white stalk, pale orange club. Gill with 12 large, broad, tripinnate leaves, opaque white, main rachises orange-red. Foot wider than notum, surrounded by pale orange line. Oral tentacles small, blunt, orange.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. The phylogenetic position of Gymnodoris ceylonica is unresolved (Fig. 1A), it was recovered in a clade containing two undescribed species: Gymnodoris sp. 10 and Gymnodoris sp. 11, but support for this clade is lacking (PP: 0.5, MLB: 85). However, the monophyly of this species is well supported (PP: 1, MLB: 100) (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. Trevelyana ceylonica is a well characterized species first introduced from Sri-Lanka by Kelaart (1858a) and described again a few months later by Kelaart (1858b) as T. zeylanica [sic.] with the same text and no illustration. The original description by Kelaart (1858a) indicates the body color is white spotted with small dark orange-red spots, set wide apart from each other, the rhinophores are translucent basally and orange apically, and the branchial leaves are pure white, with a longitudinal bright-red streak on the back of each. These characteristics match the current usage of the name in the binomen G. ceylonica (e.g., Yonow, 2008; Nakano, 2018; Gosliner et al., 2018) and the specimen here illustrated (Fig. 2M). Unfortunately, the single specimen obtained herein could not be amplified for genetic analysis to further confirm the identification.</p><p>Pease (1871) described Trevelyana picta from Huahine, French Polynesia, as pale watery white in color, with conspicuously marked, remote, bright orange red circular spots, some of which are elevated, forming rounded tubercles. This description as well as the illustration provided (Pease, 1871: pl. 20, fig. 1) match the current usage of the name G. ceylonica (Yonow, 2008; Nakano, 2018; Gosliner et al., 2018) and these two names are clearly synonymous as already indicated by Rudman (1999).</p><p>Trevelyana rubromaculata was originally described by Bergh (1905) from Indonesia as bluish to yellowish species, with scattered bright red, round spots everywhere; rhinophores red, gill bluish-white with red rachises. This color pattern matches the original description of G. ceylonica . Also, the color illustration of the live animal (Bergh, 1905, pl. 3, fig. 14) correspond to the current usage of the name G. ceylonica (see Yonow, 2008; Nakano, 2018; Gosliner et al., 2018). The synonymy of G. rubromaculata and G. ceylonica is further corroborated by the species delimitation analyses conducted herein, which recovered Indian Ocean and Western Pacific specimens as members of the same species, based on GenBank sequences.</p><p>Gymnodoris ceylonica was reported from New Caledonia by Risbec (1928) in Canala Bay and by Hervé (2010) in Bourail; these descriptions and illustrations match the characteristics of this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFF96A73AFF554B0AFBDFFD7B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFF95A73CFF554DDBFAA9FA63.text	352687AFFF95A73CFF554DDBFAA9FA63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris citrina (Bergh 1877)	<div><p>Gymnodoris citrina (Bergh, 1877)</p><p>(Fig. 3)</p><p>Trevelyana citrina Bergh, 1877: 442–443, pl. 41, fig. 5, pl. 56, figs. 18–25. Type locality: “Ins. Pelew” [= Palau].</p><p>? Trevelyana perlucens Risbec, 1928: 185–189, text figs. 57, 57bis, pl. 1, fig. 12, pl. 5, fig. 1. Type locality: Several localities including Rocher à la Voile, Nouméa, New Caledonia, Canala, New Caledonia , Paagoumène, New Caledonia , and Île N’ du Kué [= Île Ndukué], Baie Saint Vincent, New Caledonia .</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°37.4'S, 164°09'E), 3 m depth [Koumac 2.3 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.623333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.15/lat -20.623333)">Expedition</a>, stn. KB624], 5 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26418, isolate JD71) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=163.8265&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.076166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 163.8265/lat -20.076166)">South Yandé Is.</a> (20°4.57'S, 163°49.59'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC58], 20 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 7 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26419, isolate JD104); 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26420, isolate JD123) . New Caledonia: South Province: Nouméa, Rocher à la Voile (22°18.2'S, 166°26'E), 1 m depth, 11 Nov 2021, 1 specimen 9 mm preserved length [rocky coastal area] (MNHN-IM-2019-26439, isolate JD148), leg. Y. Thévenet; 2 m depth, 3 Jan 2022, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length [rocky coastal area] (MNHN-IM-2019-26437, isolate JD147), leg. A. Doulas; 1 m depth, 17 Aug 2022, 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length [rocky coastal area] (MNHN-IM-2019-26440, isolate JD150), leg. A. Doulas. New Caledonia: South Province: Nouméa, Pointe Artillerie (22°17'S, 166°25.9'E), 1–2 m depth, 2023, 6 Sep 2023, 1 specimen 2 mm preserved length [rocky coastal area] (MNHN-IM-2019-26477, isolate JD183), leg. A. Doulas; 1 specimen 11 mm preserved length, coastal rocky zone (MNHN-IM-2019-26522, not sequenced), leg. A. Doulas. New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, Plage de Teuta (20°24.133'S, 166°36.68'E), 0 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.61133&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.402216" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.61133/lat -20.402216)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUM34], 14 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 5 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26438, isolate JD166) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, Tiberia (20°28.5'S, 166°35.66'E), 0 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.59433&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.475" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.59433/lat -20.475)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUM35], 14 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 11 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26507, JD181) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, Pont de Mouly (20°41.91'S, 166°28.33'E), 5 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.47217&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.6985" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.47217/lat -20.6985)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUP37, night dive], 14 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 7 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26441, isolate JD177) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, Tiberia (20°41.15'S, 166°38.55'E), 0 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.6425&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.685833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.6425/lat -20.685833)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUM42], 15 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 13 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26442, isolate JD170) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, West of Ilôt Unyee (20°24.3'S, 166°31.3'E), 0 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.405" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.52167/lat -20.405)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUM49], 16 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 12 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26443, isolate JD162) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, West end of Pointe Nord (20°24.58'S, 166°31.25'E) [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.52083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.409666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.52083/lat -20.409666)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUP51], 16 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 12 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26444, isolate JD156); 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26447, isolate JD175) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, Hoony (20°26.45'S, 166°38.45'E), 0 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.64084&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.440834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.64084/lat -20.440834)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUM64], 19 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 8 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26445, isolate JD155); 1 specimen 10 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26446, isolate JD167) .</p><p>Description. Body oval to elongated, narrow, with numerous small, low, conical tubercles (Fig. 3). Velum well developed, with 10–14 conical, elongate papillae; notal rim absent, velum merges into notum behind rhinophores. Posterior end of foot narrowing into long, pointy “tail.” Color translucent dirty-white, with internal organs visible as orange, white blotches; tubercles, velum papillae orange-red, very inconspicuous in some specimens; posterior end of foot translucent grey. Rhinophores bulbous, with elongate, narrow tip; 12–20 lamellae, uniformly cream or brown club, translucent white stalk. Gill with 9–12 large, broad, bipinnate leaves, forming complete circle around the anus. Gill leaves uniformly white to yellow. Foot wider than notum, surrounded by white to orange line of variable within some specimens. Anterior end of foot with well-developed, blunt oral tentacles.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris citrina is a member of a large clade (PP: 1, MLB: 81) including Gymnodoris alba (Bergh, 1877), Gymnodoris brunnea Knutson &amp; Gosliner, 2014, Gymnodoris pseudobrunnea Knutson &amp; Gosliner, 2014, and several undescribed species: Gymnodoris sp. 9, Gymnodoris sp. 12, Gymnodoris sp. 14, Gymnodoris sp. 15, Gymnodoris sp. 16, Gymnodoris sp. 53, Gymnodoris sp. 56, Gymnodoris sp. A, and Gymnodoris sp. (Fig. 1A). However, the position of Gymnodoris citrina within this clade and the position of the clade within the larger phylogeny of Gymnodoris are unresolved (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. Trevelyana citrina was originally described by Bergh (1877) from Palau, with the characteristics of the live animal extracted from a color plate by Semper (reproduced by Bergh, 1877, pl. 41, fig. 5) as follows: “color was light egg yellow, with scattered ocher-yellow dots on the dorsum and sides, which also appeared on the gill leaves.” The identity of this species has been interpreted by several authors to correspond to a species variable in color (white, yellow or red), characterized by having a distinct velum with 8–10 conical projections, minute, conical reddish-orange tubercles, a well-developed gill with numerous tripinnate leaves oriented inward, and large, flattened, triangular anterior ends of the foot with large oral tentacles (see Rudman &amp; Darvell, 1990; Yonow, 2008; Gosliner et al., 2018; Kil et al., 2020), which also corresponds to the material here reported from New Caledonia. The identity of the New Caledonia specimens is further corroborated by sequence data, which is conspecific (in the species delimitation analyses) with the specimens studied by Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) identified as G. citrina .</p><p>Risbec (1928) described Trevelyana perlucens from New Caledonia based on numerous specimens from various localities, as a yellowish-white species with yellow or red dots distributed irregularly on small papillae, a strongly projecting frontal veil with around ten papillae, and well-developed swellings on the anterior end of the foot with two conspicuous tentacles. These characteristics closely match those of the material here examined, and therefore we propose that T. perlucens could be a synonym of G. citrina as currently understood by Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022). This synonymy has already been suggested by Risbec (1928) himself by noting that T. perlucens could be the same species as Trevelyana bicolor Alder &amp; Hancock, 1864, which he also considered synonymous with G. citrina (as Trevelyana), a suggestion later endorsed by Macnae (1957). However, more recently other authors indicated that G. bicolor and G. citrina are distinct (Yogesh Kumar et al., 2021).</p><p>Based on the number of specimens here examined and the records by Risbec (1928), G. citrina appears to be common in New Caledonia and distributed over the entire country. However, the specimens from Poindimié identified as G. citrina by Hervé (2010) probably correspond to other species and are discussed below.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFF95A73CFF554DDBFAA9FA63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFF93A73DFF554AE3FEBBF8FB.text	352687AFFF93A73DFF554AE3FEBBF8FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris plebeia (Bergh 1877)	<div><p>Gymnodoris plebeia (Bergh, 1877)</p><p>(Fig. 4)</p><p>Trevelyana plebeia Bergh, 1877: 446–449, pl. 54, figs. 26–35. Type locality: Aibukit, Palau.</p><p>Gymnodoris sp. 2 — Gosliner et al., 2018: 71.</p><p>Gymnodoris sp. R— Knutson &amp; Gosliner, 2022.</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.18167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.556667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.18167/lat -20.556667)">Ilôt Rat</a> (20°33.4'S, 164°10.9'E), 0 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KM200, sand-mud flat with seagrass, reef flat, rocky shore with living and dead corals], 3 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 11 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26366, isolate JD03) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, Back Reef (white bottoms) (20°38.3'S, 164°12.4'E), 7–15 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KM607], 5 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 20 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26368, isolate JD06) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, NW Infernet (exterior) (20°35.5'S, 164°12.9'E), 10 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR619, sandy-muddy, algal patches], 19 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 16 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26367, isolate JD05) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.27667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.581667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.27667/lat -20.581667)">Pointe Pandop</a> (20°34.9'S, 164°16.6'E), 0 m depth [Koumac 2.2 Expedition, stn. KM100, rocky shore, rubble, sand, mud, seagrasses], 28 Feb 2019, 1 specimen 19 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26371, isolate JD55) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°38.4'S, 164°16.5'E) [Koumac 2.2 Expedition, stn. KR252], 28 Feb 2019, 1 specimen 11 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26369, isolate JD33); 1 specimen 13 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019- 26374, isolate JD40); 1 Mar 2019, 1 specimen 16 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26365, isolate JD04) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°35.6'S, 164°16.3'E) [Koumac 2.2 Expedition, stn. KR230], 2 Mar 2019, 1 specimen 2 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26514, not sequenced); 1 specimen 2 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26515, not sequenced) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°33.1'S, 164°13.9'E), 6 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR902], 1 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 9 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26373, isolate JD96) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°38.9'S, 164°18'E), 7 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR914], 15 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 9 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26370, isolate JD32) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°35.4'S, 164°16.8'E), 7 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KD584], 21 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 12 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26372, isolate JD30) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, Phaayo (20°9.68'S, 164°1.28'E) [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC18, island slopes], 6 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 18 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26402, isolate JD118); 1 specimen 13 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26403, isolate JD121) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.0785&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.1255" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.0785/lat -20.1255)">Ilôt Bayu</a> (20°7.53'S, 164°4.71'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC58], 13 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 12 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26401, isolate JD102) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.01666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.143167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.01666/lat -20.143167)">Tribu Juu</a> (20°8.59'S, 164°1'E) [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC26], 14 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 15 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26404, isolate JD120) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, Récif Pwiac (20°1.64'S, 164°5.86'E) [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC27, deep flats], 14 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 14 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019- 26408, isolate JD129) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, Ilôt Bayu (20°7.56'S, 164°4.72'E) [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC78, island slopes], 22 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 14 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26406, isolate JD133); 1 specimen 14 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26409, isolate JD128); 1 specimen 16 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26410, isolate JD137) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.2025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.243834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.2025/lat -20.243834)">Arama</a> (20°14.63'S, 164°12.15'E) [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC80], 23 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 16 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26407, isolate JD130) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.10783&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.112333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.10783/lat -20.112333)">Ilôt St.</a> Phalles (20°6.74'S, 164°6.47'E) [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC88], 24 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 16 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26408, isolate JD119) .</p><p>Description. Body oval to elongated, with numerous, densely arranged, large, rounded tubercles (Fig. 4). Velum distinct, with several tubercles; notal rim absent, velum merges with notum behind rhinophores. Posterior end of foot tapering slightly into broad “tail.” Body color dark grey to brown, tubercles yellowish white to cream, sometimes with yellow pigment in center. Rhinophores elongate, with 10–12 lamellae, club white antero-distally (sometimes with yellow tips), brown proximally, stalk pale brown. Gill with 5–6 large, broad, tripinnate leaves, opaque dark brown, main rachises white to cream externally. Foot wider than notum, surrounded by pale cream or white broad line. Oral tentacles short, blunt, white.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. The phylogenetic position of Gymnodoris plebeia is unresolved (Fig. 1A) but the monophyly of this species is well supported (PP: 1, MLB: 100) (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. Bergh (1877) originally described Trevelyana plebeia from Palau as a mostly light olive-brown-gray species with numerous whitish knots. This is a very characteristic color pattern only found in one Western Pacific species of Gymnodoris, illustrated by Hervé (2010) as G. plebeia and by Gosliner et al. (2018) as G. sp. 2. Moreover, specimens sequenced by Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) and named Gymnodoris sp. R are genetically conspecific with the material here assigned to G. plebeia, based on species delimitation analysis results.</p><p>Gymnodoris plebeia is locally very common in New Caledonia and as mentioned above has been recorded in Ilôt Maître by Hervé (2010) and from an undermined locality by Gosliner et al. (2018), who also reported it from Australia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFF93A73DFF554AE3FEBBF8FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFF90A701FF554F9AFED8FE77.text	352687AFFF90A701FF554F9AFED8FE77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris inornata (Bergh 1880)	<div><p>Gymnodoris inornata (Bergh, 1880)</p><p>(Fig. 5)</p><p>Trevelyana inornata Bergh, 1880: 186–190, pl. 3, figs. 14–17, pl. 4, figs. 8–14, pl. 5, figs. 1–9. Type locality: Nagasaki, Japan.? Trevelyana kouaouae Risbec, 1928: 184, text fig. 56, pl. 7, fig. 3. Type locality: Kouaoua Bay, New Caledonia, 600 m depth.</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, Ilôt Double (20°28'S, 164°07.7'E), 0 m depth [Koumac 2.3 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.12833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.466667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.12833/lat -20.466667)">Expedition</a>, stn. KM700], 28 Oct 2019, 1 specimen 13 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26375, isolate JD48); 1 specimen 9 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26376, isolate JD47) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, Margin of barrier reef flat (20°36.3'S, 164°07'E), 3 m depth [Koumac 2.3 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.11667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.605" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.11667/lat -20.605)">Expedition</a>, stn. KR923, slab, debris and sand, coral patches], 23 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 5 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019- 26377, isolate JD49) . New Caledonia: South Province: Nouméa, Rocher à la Voile (20°18.19'S, 166°26.02'E), 2 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.43367&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.303167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.43367/lat -20.303167)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Expedition</a>, stn. QNPF-LA, night dive], 14 Sep 2022, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26379, isolate JD127) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=163.8265&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.076166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 163.8265/lat -20.076166)">South Yandé</a> (20°4.57'S, 163°49.59'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC58], 20 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 13 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26378, isolate JD126) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, Tiberia (20°28.5'S, 166°35.66'E) [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.59433&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.475" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.59433/lat -20.475)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUP29], 13 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 12 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26491, isolate JD179) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, Tiberia (20°28.5'S, 166°35.66'E) [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.59433&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.475" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.59433/lat -20.475)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUP36], 14 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26492, isolate JD173) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, Pont de Mouly (20°41.91'S, 166°28.33'E), 5 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.47217&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.6985" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.47217/lat -20.6985)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUP37, night dive], 14 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26487, isolate JD171); 1 specimen 10 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26488, isolate JD180); 1 specimen 5 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019- 26489, isolate JD158) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa (20°36.93'S, 166°31.4'E) [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.52333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.6155" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.52333/lat -20.6155)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUP53], 17 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26490, isolate JD157) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poindimié, Tibarama (20°55.3'S, 165°22.4'E), 10 m depth, 17 Oct 2023, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length [fringing reef with sand, seagrass] (MNHN-IM-2019-26493, isolate JD160), leg. A. Doulas.</p><p>Description. Body oval to elongated, with numerous low, round tubercles (Fig. 5). Velum distinct, with 10 small tubercles; notal rim absent, velum merges into notum posterior to rhinophores. Posterior end of foot tapering slightly into broad “tail.” Color translucent orange-red, with dark red tubercles. Internal organs somewhat visible through body wall as white-orange mass, yellow network of glandular structures visible anterior to gill. Rhinophores bulbous with 12–14 lamellae, translucent white stalk, red club. Gill with 10 large, broad, tripinnate, red leaves, forming circle around anus. Foot wider than notum, surrounded by orange line; oral tentacles conspicuous, flat, with central fold.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris inornata and its possible sister species Gymnodoris impudica (PP: 0.99, MLB: 67) were recovered in a clade also containing Gymnodoris tuberculosa (Fig. 1A) and several undescribed species: Gymnodoris sp. 8, Gymnodoris sp. F, Gymnodoris sp. G, Gymnodoris sp. H, and Gymnodoris knutsonae sp. nov. (PP: 0.93, MLB: 85) (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. Bergh (1880) originally described Trevelyana inornata based on two specimens collected in Nagasaki, Japan, characterized by having a yellowish-white background color, blue-gray on the posterior third of the body due to the viscera being visible through, and rhinophores and gill with the same color as the rest of the body. Whereas this description is ambiguous, the name Gymnodoris inornata has been applied to a yellow-orange species with the rhinophores and the gill having the same color, which is consistent with the original description (see Yonow, 2011). But in most records from the Western Pacific, specimens assigned to G. inornata also possess darker red spots all over the body more or less visible (see Koh, 2006; Hervé, 2010; Nakano, 2018; Gosliner et al., 2018; Kil et al., 2020), as in the material here examined. It is unclear whether all these records are conspecific with the original description of G. inornata . Based on molecular species delimitation analyses, the material from New Caledonia examined herein belongs to the same species that Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) identified as G. inornata, and therefore the specimens are tentatively assigned to this species, until further research clarifies the status of the name.</p><p>Risbec (1928) introduced Trevelyana kouaouae based on a single specimen dredged from 600 m depth in Kouaoua Bay, New Caledonia. The animal was described as brick colored, dotted with dark red, but with the background color varying with the internal organs, which are visible through transparency (brown posteriorly and white mass anteriorly). This description matches perfectly with that of the specimens here examined, albeit they were collected in shallow waters. If G. inornata is found to be a species complex, and the specimens with more conspicuous red dots (Hervé, 2010; Gosliner et al., 2018) are distinct from uniformly colored specimens (Yonow, 2011) or those with less clear dots (Koh, 2006; Nakano, 2018; Kil et al., 2020), then the name G. kouaouae would be possibly more appropriate for the former.</p><p>This species was reported from Poindimié and Nouméa by Hervé (2010) as Gymnodoris inornata and Gymnodoris sp. 1 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFF90A701FF554F9AFED8FE77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFAEA701FF554ED7FC8DFA6D.text	352687AFFFAEA701FF554ED7FC8DFA6D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris striata (Eliot 1908)	<div><p>Gymnodoris striata (Eliot, 1908)</p><p>(Figs. 6A–B)</p><p>Trevelyana striata Eliot, 1908: 100–101 . Type locality: Undetermined, either Suez, Egypt or in the neighborhood of “Suakim” [= Sawakin, Sudan].</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.47217&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.6985" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.47217/lat -20.6985)">Pont de Mouly</a> (20°41.91'S, 166°28.33'E), 5 m depth [Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition, stn. QUP37, night dive], 14 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 12 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26448, isolate JD182); 1 specimen 13 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26449, isolate JD165) .</p><p>Description. Body oval to elongate, with several low, longitudinal ridges on dorsum, anterior and posterior to gill (Figs. 6A–B). Velum and notal rim distinct, narrowing anteriorly and posteriorly into keel. Posterior end of foot wide, forming a broad tail. Color opaque white, ridges and notal rim orange. Rhinophores bulbous, with 9 lamellae, white stalk, orange-red club. Gill with 12 large, elongated, bipinnate leaves, opaque white with orange rachises, arranged in a transverse line. Foot wider than notum, dirty white, surrounded by orange line.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris striata is a well-supported monophyletic group (PP: 1, MLB: 100), included in a clade (PP: 1, MLB: 93) containing three undescribed species: G. sp. 60, G. feyae sp. nov., and G. bernardae sp. nov. (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. Trevelyana striata was originally described by Eliot (1908) from northeast Africa as white and thick, with bright dark yellow well-defined bands; one of the lines surrounds the mantle and foot and the others, which are broken, extend down the dorsal and sides of the body. This is a very characteristic color pattern, which matches the current usage of the name (Yonow, 2008; Hervé, 2010; Nakano, 2018; Gosliner et al., 2018) as well as the material here examined. Moreover, the molecular species delimitation analyses including sequences from GenBank confirmed that specimens from the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific, including the specimens here examined are conspecific, corroborating this species is widespread and well characterized in the literature.</p><p>Gymnodoris striata has been previously reported from New Caledonia by Risbec (1928) from Nouméa and by Hervé (2010) from Poindimié, both as Analogium striatum .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFAEA701FF554ED7FC8DFA6D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFAEA702FF554AEEFDB8FACF.text	352687AFFFAEA702FF554AEEFDB8FACF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris suggens (Risbec 1928)	<div><p>Gymnodoris suggens (Risbec, 1928)</p><p>(Figs. 6C–K)</p><p>Trevelyana suggens Risbec, 1928: 190–193, text fig. 58, text pl. B, fig. 1 [p. 213], pl. 5, fig. 3. pl. 5, fig. 6. Type locality: Several localities including Nouméa, New Caledonia, Port Despointes, New Caledonia, and Tembia, New Caledonia.</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, Mouac Is. (20°12.84'S, 164°0.61'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC46], 18 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 5 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26509, isolate JD135) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=163.99783&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.048666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 163.99783/lat -20.048666)">East Ilôt Baaba</a> (20°2.92'S, 163°59.87'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC47, intertidal], 18 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26512, isolate JD138) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, Baie Tiêêlé (20°2.92'S, 163°49.61'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC53], 19 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26456, isolate JD105); 1 specimen 3 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26508, not sequenced) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=163.8265&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.076166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 163.8265/lat -20.076166)">South Ilôt Yandé</a> (20°4.57'S, 163°49.59'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC58], 20 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 3 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26455, isolate JD100) . New Caledonia: North</p><p>Province: Poum, South West of Baaba (20°4.09'S, 163°57.09'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC 68], 21 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26505, isolate JD107). New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=163.99733&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.052" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 163.99733/lat -20.052)">Paabö</a>, Baaba Is.,(20°3.12'S, 163°59.84'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC85], 23 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26510, isolate JD134) . New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.02333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.217" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.02333/lat -20.217)">Poum</a>, Mouac Is. (20°13.02'S, 164°1.4'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC63], 21 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26520, isolate JD132) . New Caledonia: South Province: Mont Dore, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.72166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.343334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.72166/lat -22.343334)">Baie Uie</a> (22°20.6'S, 166°43.3'E), 3 m depth, 10 Sep 2023, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length [rocky coastal area] (MNHN-IM-2019-26513, not sequenced), leg. Y. Thévenet.</p><p>Description. Body narrow, elongate, smooth, lacking tubercles (Figs. 6C–L). Velum distinct, with few irregular tubercles; notal rim absent, velum merges into notum. Posterior end of foot tapering into narrow, long “tail.” Color translucent white, with numerous oval yellow or orange spots, large irregular opaque white patch anterior to gill, smaller opaque white, diamond-shaped patch posterior to rhinophores. Some specimens with minute brown spots all over dorsum. Internal organs visible through body wall as brown, white, sometimes orange areas. Posterior end of foot translucent grey with a network of glandular structures visible through body wall. Rhinophores very elongated, tentacular, with 8 lamellae, translucent white stalk, brownish-grey club, with yellow or orange tips. Gill with 15–17 small, simple leaves, arranged in a circle around anus. Gill leaves translucent with yellow tips, opaque white base. Foot narrower than notum, opaque white. Oral tentacles absent.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris suggens is a well-supported monophyletic group (PP: 1, MLB: 100), sister to the undescribed species G. sp. L (PP: 0.99, MLB: 74) and part of a larger clade (PP: 1, MLB: 99) also including G. sp. M and G. sp. N (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. Risbec (1928) originally described Trevelyana suggens based on several specimens collected from various localities in New Caledonia. The animals were described as bilobed anteriorly, with a smooth, whitish transparent body having rounded yellow spots, and the digestive gland visible through the notum as blackish area and a reddish genital area. The gill leaves were described as shaped like transparent radiating blades with a yellow spot at their top. Risbec (1928: pl. 5, figs. 3, 6) also illustrated a white patch anterior to the gill of some specimens. This description matches perfectly with the characteristics of the specimens here examined from New Caledonia, which are confidently assigned to this species. A specimen illustrated by Risbec (1928: pl. 7, fig. 10) as “ Trevelyana suggens varieté” has a different color pattern and probably belongs to a different, undetermined species.</p><p>Gymnodoris sp. L (illustrated by Knutson &amp; Gosliner, 2022) is externally very similar to Gymnodoris suggens but appears to be genetically different. Other Indo-Pacific records of similarly colored animals include Japan and Papua New Guinea as Gymnodoris sp. 27 (Nakano, 2018) and Gymnodoris sp. 21 (Gosliner et al., 2018), as well as South Korea as Gymnodoris sp. (Koh, 2006). It is unclear if those records correspond to G. suggens or a species complex also including G. sp. L.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFAEA702FF554AEEFDB8FACF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFADA704FF554A8FFEADFD9F.text	352687AFFFADA704FF554A8FFEADFD9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris okinawae Baba 1936	<div><p>Gymnodoris okinawae Baba, 1936</p><p>(Figs. 6L–M)</p><p>Gymnodoris okinawae Baba, 1936: 25–26, fig. 13. Type locality: Ishigaki-shima, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.6425&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.685833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.6425/lat -20.685833)">Tiberia</a> (20°41.15'S, 166°38.55'E), 0 m depth [Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition, stn. QUM42], 15 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 7 mm preserved length (MNHN- IM-2019-26450, isolate JD168) . New Caledonia: North Province: Hienghène, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.8735&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.627" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.8735/lat -20.627)">Baie d’Ouaième</a> (20°37.62'S, 164°52.41'E), 5 m depth [coastal rocky area], 11 Apr 2023, 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019- 26528, isolate JD178), leg. A. Doulas.</p><p>Description. Body narrow, elongate, with few low conical tubercles (Figs. 6L–M). Velum and notal rim visible around head and on sides of gill, possessing some irregular tubercles. Posterior end of foot tapering into narrow “tail.” Color translucent white, with numerous oval yellow or orange spots; tubercles opaque white with yellow tips. Network of glandular structures visible through body wall. Rhinophores bulbous, with 10 lamellae, translucent white stalk, brownish-grey or orange club. Gill with 9 large, tripinnate, white leaves, arranged in a circle around anus. Foot narrower than notum, opaque white.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris okinawae is a well-supported species (PP: 1, MLB: 100) sister to the undescribed species G. sp. 3 (PP: 0.96, MLB: 95) (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. Baba (1936) introduced Gymnodoris okinawae from Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, and described it as having a pale-yellow background color with the dorsum ornamented with spots and short lines of an orange-yellow color and the rhinophoral clubs tinged with orange-yellow. Baba (1936, text fig. 13) illustrated a live specimen, which is limaciform, with a distinct head, smooth velum, and having indistinct tubercles. This description matches the illustration of this species by Wells &amp; Bryce (1993) and Gosliner et al. (2018) but differ considerably from that by Nakano (2018), which has well developed, white conical tubercles; the latter corresponds to specimens named Gymnodoris sp. 3 in Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) and herein.</p><p>The specimens from New Caledonia here examined belong to the same species as those identified by Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) as G. okinawae, and are therefore assigned to this species. Gymnodoris okinawae was previously reported from New Caledonia by Hervé (2010) as Gymnodoris citrina (larger photo) from Poindimié, New Caledonia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFADA704FF554A8FFEADFD9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFABA704FF554DBFFAD6FAAE.text	352687AFFFABA704FF554DBFFAD6FAAE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris nigricolor Baba 1960	<div><p>Gymnodoris nigricolor Baba, 1960</p><p>(Figs. 7A–B)</p><p>Gymnodoris nigricolor Baba, 1960: 72, pl. 5, figs. 1A–B. Type locality: Misaki, Sagami Bay, Japan.</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.29167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.66" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.29167/lat -20.66)">East of Karembé</a> (20°39.6'S, 164°17.5'E), 2–5 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR636, sandy bottom], 27 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 5 mm preserved length (MNHN IM-2019-26208, isolate JD67) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.22&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.565" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.22/lat -20.565)">Channel</a> between Tangadiou Islet and Magone (20°33.9'S, 164°13.2'E), 7–8 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR224, compact mud bottom, sandier near the reef], 20 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length, dissected (MNHN IM-2019-26209, isolate JD27) .</p><p>Description. Body elongate, smooth, lacking tubercles (Figs.2A–B).Velum and notal rim hardly distinguishable; posterior end of foot narrowing into a pointy “tail.” Body color velvet black, with blurry neon-blue lines visible on mantle margin under certain light conditions. Rhinophores and branchial leaves with same color as dorsum. Rhinophores short, triangular, fused together at base. Rhinophoral club occupying entire visible length, with six transverse lamellae. Gill composed of 10–11 simple leaves, arranged in a circle.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris nigricolor is sister to G. nagoensis (PP: 1, MLB: 100) and appears to be closely related to G. boussionae, but this relationship is not supported (PP: 1, MLB: &lt;50) (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. This species has been recently re-described and characterized by De Souza-Canal et al. (2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFABA704FF554DBFFAD6FAAE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFABA706FF554AACFF5DFE77.text	352687AFFFABA706FF554AACFF5DFE77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris amakusana (Baba 1996)	<div><p>Gymnodoris amakusana (Baba, 1996)</p><p>(Fig. 7C)</p><p>Analogium amakusanum Baba, 1996: 91–95, fig. 1, pl. 1. Type locality: Notojima, Toyama Bay, Japan.</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.27167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.585" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.27167/lat -20.585)">Koumac</a> (20°35.1'S, 164°16.3'E), 7 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR1019], 4 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26461, isolate JD12) .</p><p>Description. Body oval to elongate, with several low, short longitudinal ridges, densely arranged anterior to gill (Figs. 7C). Velum and notal rim well differentiated, anterior and posterior ends narrowing into keel. Posterior end of foot tapering slightly into broad “tail.” Color opaque white, ridges and notal rim orange. Rhinophores with very broad stalk, bulbous club, 8 lamellae, club deep red, stalk white. Gill with 7 narrow, irregular, bipinnate leaves, opaque white, arranged is a transverse row. Foot wider than notum, opaque white, surrounded by orange line. Anterior end of foot greatly expanded, with two semicircular, orange oral tentacles.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. The phylogenetic analyses conducted herein were unable to determine the phylogenetic position of Gymnodoris amakusana (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. Baba (1996) described Gymnodoris amakusana from Toyama Bay, Japan as a translucent white species with the notal ridge completely bordered with a rich golden yellow line extending as far as to near the head, and a transverse bar of the same color just in front of the gill. This description as well as the color illustration in the original description (Baba, 1996, pl. 1) matches the external characteristics of the material here examined from New Caledonia as well as other records in the literature (Nakano, 2018; Gosliner et al., 2018, Kil et al., 2020). Previous to Baba’s (1996) description, members of this species were often identified as G. striata (e.g., Rudman &amp; Darvell, 1990).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFABA706FF554AACFF5DFE77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFA9A706FF554ED7FE6EF874.text	352687AFFFA9A706FF554ED7FE6EF874.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris boussionae De Souza-Canal 2025	<div><p>Gymnodoris boussionae De Souza-Canal et al., 2025</p><p>(Figs. 7D–L)</p><p>Gymnodoris boussionae De Souza-Canal et al., 2025: 323–324, figs. 2C–J, 3C–D, 4C–D. Type locality: East of Karembé, Koumac, New Caledonia.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype: New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, East of Karembé (20°39.1'S, 164°17.6'E), 6 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR633, species diverse sandy bottom], 26 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 10 mm preserved length (MNHN IM-2019-26206, isolate JD41). New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.02034&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.3455" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.02034/lat -20.3455)">Koumac</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.02034&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.3455" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.02034/lat -20.3455)">Reef of Infernet</a> (20°36.7'S, 164°14,7'E), 5 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR301], 6 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 7 mm preserved length, dissected (MNHN IM-2019-26203, isolate JD35). New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.02034&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.3455" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.02034/lat -20.3455)">Koumac</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.02034&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.3455" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.02034/lat -20.3455)">East of Karembé</a> (20°39.6'S, 164°17.5'E), 2–5 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR636, sandy bottom], 27 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 7 mm preserved length (MNHN IM-2019-26204, isolate JD23); 1 specimen 11 mm preserved length (MNHN IM-2019-26200, isolate JD43); 1 specimen 11 mm preserved length (MNHN IM-2019- 26207, isolate JD44); 1 specimen 5 mm preserved length (MNHN IM-2019-26202, isolate JD68); 1 specimen 9 mm preserved length (MNHN IM-2019-26205, isolate JD39). New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.02034&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.3455" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.02034/lat -20.3455)">Koumac</a> (20°38.4'S, 164°16.5'E) [Koumac 2.2 Expedition, stn. KR252], 28 Feb 2019, 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length, dissected (MNHN IM-2019-26199, isolate JD51). New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.02034&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.3455" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.02034/lat -20.3455)">Koumac</a> (20°33.3'S, 164°12.7'E), 4 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR906, sandy bottom with Halophila, scattered coral colonies, hard bottom with Sargassum], 4 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 8 mm preserved length (MNHN IM-2019-26201, isolate JD10). New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.02034&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.3455" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.02034/lat -20.3455)">Poum</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.02034&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.3455" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.02034/lat -20.3455)">Ouanne</a> (20°20.73'S, 164°1.22'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC04, plateau slope], 11 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26524, isolate JD114).</p><p>Description. Body elongate, smooth, lacking tubercles (Figs. 2D–L). Velum, notal rim slightly differentiated, smooth. Posterior end of foot tapering into narrow “tail.” Body color velvet black, with blurry neon-blue lines visible on mantle margin under certain light conditions. Rhinophores and branchial leaves with same color as dorsum. Rhinophores short, triangular, not fused together at base. Rhinophoral club occupying entire visible length, with transverse 10 lamellae. Gill composed of 16–19 simple leaves, arranged in a circle. Foot wider than notum; oral tentacles elongate, blunt lobes.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris boussionae could be sister to a clade containing other species with a uniformly black body color: Gymnodoris nigricolor and G. nagoensis but this relationship is not supported (PP: 1, MLB: &lt;50) (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. Reported from Nouméa by Hervé (2010) as Gymnodoris nigricolor and recently described and characterized by De Souza-Canal et al. (2025) as a distinct species. The main external difference between G. boussionae and G. nigricolor is that in the former the rhinophores are separated whereas in the latter they are fussed together at their bases (see De Souza-Canal et al., 2025).</p><p>Unnamed species. The following undescribed species have been recorded from New Caledonia in this study, but also reported from other areas of the tropical Indo-Pacific by Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) and not formally described yet. The material examined from New Caledonia was matched with the candidate species in Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) using molecular data only. These species are listed below along with descriptions of the external morphology of New Caledonia specimens. To avoid confusion, we denote the species with the same codes used by Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFA9A706FF554ED7FE6EF874	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFA8A707FF554F9AFCA8FC13.text	352687AFFFA8A707FF554F9AFCA8FC13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris alba (Bergh 1877)	<div><p>Gymnodoris cf. alba (Bergh, 1877)</p><p>(Figs. 8A–B)</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.11833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.511667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.11833/lat -20.511667)">Ilôt Pouh</a> (20°30.7'S, 164°07.1'E), 0 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KM714], 8 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 9 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26421, isolate JD19); 1 specimen 12 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26422, isolate JD38) .</p><p>Description. Body narrow, elongate, with numerous, low, conical tubercles, minute opaque white dots all over dorsum (Figs. 8A–B). Velum differentiated, with several small tubercles. Notal rim absent, velum merges with notum behind rhinophores. Posterior end of foot broad, flat, tapering abruptly near tip. Color translucent white, with orange tubercles with blurry edges, posterior end of foot with dorsal orange line of dots. Head surrounded by narrow orange line. Some internal organs visible through body wall. Rhinophores bulbous with narrow tips, 8 lamellae, brownish-grey clubs with orange tips. Gill with 10 short, bipinnate, translucent white to cream leaves with orange tips, opaque white bases, arranged in circle around anus. Foot narrower than notum, opaque white, except at posterior end.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris cf. alba is sister to Gymnodoris sp. X (PP: 1, MLB: 98) and nested in a well-supported clade (PP: 1, MLB: 99) also including Gymnodoris bricei sp. nov. (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. The single specimen examined herein, together with a specimen in GenBank, was recovered as a distinct species that was not included in the phylogenetic analyses by Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022). The material here examined is very similar to specimens identified by Nakano (2018) and Rudman &amp; Darvell (1990) as Gymnodoris alba, and could belong to the same species, but is probably different from the specimen identified as G. alba by Gosliner et al. (2018). The original description of G. alba by Bergh (1877) from Burias Is., Philippines, is vague and the only indication of the external coloration is a note by Semper stating: “color completely white with bright yellow spots.” Thus, in the absence of an in-depth revision of G. alba, it is not possible to determine the identity of this species name and/or of the specimen here examined.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFA8A707FF554F9AFCA8FC13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFA6A709FF554F9AFEF1FB5F.text	352687AFFFA6A709FF554F9AFEF1FB5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris undefined-J	<div><p>Gymnodoris sp. J</p><p>(Figs. 8E–G)</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.245&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.611668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.245/lat -20.611668)">Récif de l’Infernet</a> (20°36.7'S, 164°14.7'E), 5 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR301], 6 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 9 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26415, isolate JD08) . New Caledonia: South Province: Nouméa, Île Freycinet, Ouémo (22°13.54'S, 166°23.4'E), 4–7 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.39&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.225666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.39/lat -22.225666)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Expedition</a>, stn. QNJF-OA], 17 Sep 2022, 1 specimen 8 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26416, isolate JD91) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=163.8265&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.076166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 163.8265/lat -20.076166)">South Ilôt Yandé</a> (20°4.57'S, 163°49.59'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC58], 20 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 7 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26417, isolate JD124) .</p><p>Description. Body oval to elongate, with numerous, small, rounded tubercles (Figs. 8E–G). Velum, notal rim not differentiated. Posterior end of foot broad, tapering gradually into pointy “tail.” Color translucent white, with orange-yellow tubercles; in some specimens internal organs visible through body wall as brown, yellow, and white masses. Rhinophores globular, with narrow tips, 8 lamellae, translucent white stalk, opaque club with orange tips. Gill with 18–20 small, simple, white leaves, arranged in a circle around anus, but appears open in one specimen. Foot narrower than notum, opaque white; oral tentacles small, blunt.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris sp. J is sister to Gymnodoris sp. I (PP: 0.99, MLB: 79) but the position of this clade within the broader phylogeny of Gymnodoris is poorly supported (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. Based on the material here examined, Gymnodoris sp. J could be a species complex. Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) reported one specimen of this species from the Philippines. Here we examined three additional specimens from New Caledonia, significantly extending the known range. Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) did not provide illustrations of their specimen, but examination of the specimens from New Caledonia revealed some differences. Two specimens (MNHN-IM-2019-26415 and MNHN-IM-2019-26416) appear to be distinct as their body color is more opaque and the gill leaves form a complete circle. These two specimens are in the same clade. The other specimen (MNHN-IM-2019-26417), which is in the same clade as the specimen examined by Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) and displays some external differences as the body is more translucent and the gill circle appears open posteriorly, however the species delimitation analyses recovered all four specimens as members of the same species. More research on this group with additional specimens is needed to determine the exact number of species in this complex.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFA6A709FF554F9AFEF1FB5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFA2A70FFF554BC3FAACFCF3.text	352687AFFFA2A70FFF554BC3FAACFCF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris undefined-3	<div><p>Gymnodoris sp. 3</p><p>(Figs. 10A–K)</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°28.1'S, 164°07.6'E), 6 m depth [Koumac 2.3 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.12666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.468334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.12666/lat -20.468334)">Expedition</a>, stn. KB620, reef slope of fringing reef flat of lagoonal islet], 3 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 2 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26460, isolate JD84) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°36'S, 164°14.1'E), 1 m depth [Koumac 2.3 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.235&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.235/lat -20.6)">Expedition</a>, stn. KR660], 21 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN- IM-2019-26471, isolate JD76) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac (20°46.9'S, 164°16.4'E), 2 m depth [Koumac 2.3 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.27333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.781666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.27333/lat -20.781666)">Expedition</a>, stn. KB627], 7 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 3 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26470, isolate JD82) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, Passe de la Gazelle (20°22.04'S, 163°55.51'E) [ABC <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=163.92517&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.367332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 163.92517/lat -20.367332)">Poum Expedition</a>, stn. ABC58], 15 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 5 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26472, isolate JD106) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, Île Gece (20°41.28'S, 166°22.31'E) [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.37183&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.688" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.37183/lat -20.688)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUP03], 6 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26473, isolate JD176); 1 specimen 3 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-264527, isolate JD164) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, South Mouly (20°43.76'S, 166°25.51'E), 0 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.42517&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.729334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.42517/lat -20.729334)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUM07], 8 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26474, isolate JD159) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, West of Mouly Bridge (20°42.56'S, 166°27.76'E), 0 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.46266&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.709333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.46266/lat -20.709333)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUM10], 9 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 5 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26475, isolate JD174) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa (20°43.96'S, 166°25.36'E) [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.42267&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.732666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.42267/lat -20.732666)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUP21], 11 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26478, isolate JD186) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, Tiberia (20°28.5'S, 166°35.66'E), 0 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.59433&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.475" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.59433/lat -20.475)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition</a>, stn. QUP27], 12 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26476, isolate JD172) .</p><p>New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.47217&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.6985" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.47217/lat -20.6985)">Pont de Mouly</a> (20°41.91'S, 166°28.33'E), 5 m depth [Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition, stn. QUP66, night dive], 19 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 3 mm preserved length (MNHN- IM-2019-26503, isolate JD154) .</p><p>Description. Body narrow, elongate, with several large, conical tubercles (Figs. 10A–K). Anterior end of notum with distinct velum having 8 small tubercles; notal rim absent, velum merges with notum behind rhinophores. Posterior end of foot tapering into narrow, blunt “tail.” Color translucent grey with numerous orange oval spots all over, velum tubercles orange, dorsal tubercles opaque white, irregularly scattered opaque white pigment on dorsum. Internal organs visible through body wall as dark brown, white masses. Rhinophores bulbous, with 6–8 lamellae, greyish-cream, white distal end, yellow tips. Gill with 5–7 short, bipinnate leaves, translucent white to yellow, opaque yellow rachises in some specimens, arranged in circle around anus, opened posteriorly. Foot narrower than notum, translucent yellow. Oral tentacles small, blunt.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris sp. 3 is sister to Gymnodoris okinawae (PP: 0.96, MLB: 95), but the position of this clade within the larger phylogeny of Gymnodoris is poorly resolved (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. This undescribed species is widespread in the Indo-Pacific region and characterized by having a translucent grey body with scattered opaque white conical tubercles and small orange spots (Gosliner et al. 2018). Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) studied specimens from various localities in the western Pacific (Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Kiribati) as well as in the Indian Ocean (Saudi Arabia). Also reported from French Polynesia (Boutet et al., 2020) as Gymnodoris sp. 1 and from Okinawa, Japan by Nakano (2018) as Gymnodoris okinawae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFA2A70FFF554BC3FAACFCF3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFA0A711FF554C5DFD03FDC9.text	352687AFFFA0A711FF554C5DFD03FDC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris undefined-9	<div><p>Gymnodoris sp. 9</p><p>(Figs. 11A–K)</p><p>Material examined. New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.18167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.556667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.18167/lat -20.556667)">Ilôt Rat</a> (20°33.4'S, 164°10.9'E), 0 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KM200, sand-mud flat with seagrass; reef flat, rocky shore with living/dead corals], 4 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 8 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26394, isolate JD59) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.25&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.618334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.25/lat -20.618334)">Infernet Reef</a> (20°37.1'S, 164°15'E), 3 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR302, at the foot of the reef, sandy sediment with silt, coral debris, and seagrass], 7 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 5 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26435, isolate JD70) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.25667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.668333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.25667/lat -20.668333)">Ilôt Kendec</a> (20°40.1'S, 164°15.4'E), 0 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KM302, living corals, coral rubble, sand patches], 9 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 10 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26395, isolate JD07) . New Caledonia: South Province: Nouméa, Ilôt Song, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.48067&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.281834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.48067/lat -22.281834)">Ouémo</a> (22°16.91'S, 166°28.84'E), 1–6 m depth [Quinzaine des Nudibranches Expedition, stn. QNPF-DA, detrital sandy-muddy, live Porites], 6 Sep 2022, 1 specimen 9 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26396, isolate JD85) . New Caledonia: South Province: Ouémo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.45816&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.311167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.45816/lat -22.311167)">Platier Ricaudy</a> (22°18.67'S, 166°27.49'E), 0.5 m depth [Quinzaine des Nudibranches Expedition, stn. QNAV-FA], 4 Sep 2022, 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26436, isolate JD131) . New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.01016&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.214" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.01016/lat -20.214)">Poum</a>, Mouac Is. (20°12.84'S, 164°0.61'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC46], 18 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 7 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26434, isolate JD140) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, Bay of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=163.79866&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.033333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 163.79866/lat -20.033333)">Grotte</a> (20°2'S, 163°47.92'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC52], 19 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 7 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26431, isolate JD122); 1 specimen 7 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26432, isolate JD141) . New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.02333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.217" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.02333/lat -20.217)">Poum</a>, Mouac Is. (20°13.02'S, 164°1.4'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC63], 21 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 9 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26433, isolate JD99) . New Caledonia: Loyalty Is.: Ouvéa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.47217&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.6985" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.47217/lat -20.6985)">Pont de Mouly</a> (20°41.91'S, 166°28.33'E) [Quinzaine des Nudibranches Ouvéa Expedition, stn. QUP63, night dive], 18 Jan 2024, 1 specimen 9 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26516, isolate JD153) . New Caledonia: South Province: Nouméa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.48067&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.281834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.48067/lat -22.281834)">Ilôt Song</a> (22°16.91'S, 166°28.84'E), 10 m depth, 28 Jun 2022, 1 specimen 11 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26518, isolate JD144), leg. Y. Thévenet.</p><p>Description. Body narrow, elongate, with numerous low, conical tubercles of varying sizes (Figs. 11A–K). Anterior end of notum with distinct velum having 15–18 small papillae; notal rim absent, velum merges with notum behind rhinophores. Posterior end of foot broad, tapering into pointy “tail.” Color translucent white, tubercles, velum papillae yellow-orange; posterior end translucent grey. Internal organs, posterior branched glandular structure visible through body wall. Rhinophores bulbous with narrow tips, 12–14 lamellae, cream, brow, or reddish, with apical orange-red dot. Gill with 8 short, irregular, bipinnate leaves, translucent white, sometimes with small orange dots, opaque white bases, arranged in circle around anus, opened posteriorly. Foot wider than notum, translucent yellow. Oral tentacles large, flap-like.</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris sp. 9 is the most basal member of a well-supported clade (PP: 1, MLB: 100) also including Gymnodoris alba and Gymnodoris sp. 49, which are sister to one another (PP: 1, MLB: 100) (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Remarks. This undescribed species is similar to G. citrina, both having the anterior margin of the head with a distinctive row of low tubercles, but the anterior end of the foot has two flap-like oral tentacles, instead of a well-developed but blunt oral tentacles in G. citrina . Moreover, G. citrina lacks a glandular structure behind the gill.</p><p>Gymnodoris sp. 9 appears to be widespread in the Indo-Pacific region (Gosliner et al., 2018). Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) studied specimens from Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, and Saudi Arabia. Also, possibly reported from French Polynesia (Boutet et al., 2020) as Gymnodoris sp. 2, from Okinawa, Japan by Nakano (2018) as Gymnodoris sp. 17 and G. citrina (large photo), and from Hong Kong, China by Rudman &amp; Darvell (1990: pl. 4, fig. C) as G. citrina atypical form. Very common in New Caledonia, it has possibly been reported from Nouméa by Hervé (2010) as Gymnodoris sp. 2 (small photo).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFA0A711FF554C5DFD03FDC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFBAA715FF554EF3FD00F86B.text	352687AFFFBAA715FF554EF3FD00F86B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris knutsonae De Souza-Canal & Valdes 2025	<div><p>Gymnodoris knutsonae De Souza-Canal &amp; Valdés sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: DFEB1BA1-FD05-4FB4-A641-E228C7514EE2</p><p>(Figs. 12I–K, 13A–B, 14A–B)</p><p>Type material. Holotype: New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.28&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.635" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.28/lat -20.635)">Plateau Karembé</a> (20°38.1'S, 164°16.8'E), 13 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR203, sandy and muddy bottom with big rocks, corals, Alcyonacea, rarely individual hard corals], 3 Sep 2018, 8 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26381, isolate JD60) . Paratypes: New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.28&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.635" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.28/lat -20.635)">Plateau Karembé</a> (20°38.1'S, 164°16.8'E), 13 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR203, sandy and muddy bottom with big rocks, corals, Alcyonacea, rarely individual hard corals] , 3 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26380, isolate JD53); 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26382, isolate JD64).</p><p>Description. Body elongate, narrow, covered with numerous, large, rounded to conical tubercles (Figs. 12I–K). Velum, notal rim undifferentiated. Posterior end of foot tapering into blunt “tail.” Color translucent white, with interior organs visible as brown, white masses. Rhinophores bulbous, with 9–10 lamellae, translucent white. Gill with 8–11 short, bipinnated leaves, opaque white, arranged in close circle around anus. Foot narrower than notum, translucent white, oral tentacles blunt.</p><p>Radular formula 17 × 23.0. 23 in a 6 mm preserved length specimen (MNHN-IM-2019-26382). Innermost lateral teeth hook-shaped, with curved cusps (Fig. 13A). Other lateral teeth elongate with broad bases, straight, narrow cusps, becoming smaller towards outer edge of half-row (Fig. 13B).</p><p>Reproductive system with an elongate, straight ampulla, connecting to female gland complex, prostate (Fig. 14A). Prostate large, tubular, with two folds, narrowing into a highly convoluted, long deferent duct, opening into a common atrium with vagina. Vagina short, slightly curved, connecting into bursa copulatrix near seminal receptacle connection, with an inconspicuous swelling near the bursa copulatrix connection. Bursa copulatrix spherical, about 10 times as large as oval seminal receptacle. Penial spines curved to straight, elongate, with wide bases (Fig. 14B).</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris knutsonae sp. nov. is sister to Gymnodoris tuberculosa Knutson &amp; Gosliner, 2014 (PP: 1, MLB: 77), and these two species are sister to Gymnodoris sp. G (PP: 1, MLB: 88) (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Etymology. Named in honor of Vanessa Knutson in recognition for her contributions to the taxonomy and phylogenetics of Gymnodoris . The phylogenetic trees produced for this paper are largely based on her previous work.</p><p>Remarks. Gymnodoris knutsonae sp. nov. is closely related and very similar in external appearance and radular morphology to Gymnodoris tuberculosa, however these two species are genetically distinct and recovered as different species in the species delimitation analysis. Also, the viscera of G. tuberculosa illustrated by Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2014) appears to be more brightly orange than that of the specimens here examined (Fig. 12I–K), which is brown, but this could be due to geographic variation in diet, and it is not conclusive. However, there is a key difference between these two species in the reproductive anatomy: the vagina of G. tuberculosa exhibits a large swelling near its proximal end, while in G. knutsonae sp. nov. is almost imperceptible. Another similar species is Gymnodoris sp. G, which is also covered by large tubercles. As in the case of G. tuberculosa, G. sp. G and G. knutsonae sp. nov. are genetically distinct, but there is no internal anatomical data for G. sp. G for comparison.</p><p>Gymnodoris knutsonae sp. nov. appears to be endemic to New Caledonia, it was most likely reported from Poindimié by Hervé (2010) as Gymnodoris sp. 3 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFBAA715FF554EF3FD00F86B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFB8A718FF554F9AFBECFC37.text	352687AFFFB8A718FF554F9AFBECFC37.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris fleuroti De Souza-Canal & Valdes 2025	<div><p>Gymnodoris fleuroti De Souza-Canal &amp; Valdés sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 965D895F-C83C-46CE-AE1F-7FE9CBEBC16B</p><p>(Figs. 13C, 14C–D, 15A)</p><p>Type material. Holotype: New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=163.8265&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.076166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 163.8265/lat -20.076166)">South Ilôt Yandé</a> (20°4.57'S, 163°49.59'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC58], 20 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019- 26428, isolate JD113).</p><p>Description. Body narrow, elongate, with several low conical tubercles mainly arranged around notal rim, a few on dorsum, velum. Velum differentiated with 12 tubercles, continuing posteriorly into notal rim (Fig. 15A). Color translucent white, tubercles orange-red, thin orange-red line connecting velum tubercles; posterior end of foot translucent. Internal organs visible through body wall as orange, white masses. Rhinophores conical, with 6 lamellae, white stalk, club, with orange tips. Gill inconspicuous, with of 6 small, simple, white leaves, arranged in a circle around anus, opened posteriorly. Foot narrower than notum, opaque white. Oral tentacles small, flattened.</p><p>Radular formula 15 × 7.0. 7 in the 4 mm preserved length holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-26428). Innermost lateral teeth large, hook-shaped, with curved smooth cusps (Fig. 13C). Other lateral teeth elongate straight, with short, curved cusps, becoming smaller towards outer edge of half-row (Fig. 13C).</p><p>Reproductive system with an elongate, broad, curved ampulla, connecting to female gland complex, prostate (Fig. 14C). Prostate large, tubular, curved around bursa copulatrix, narrowing into a highly convoluted deferent duct, opening into a common atrium with vagina. Vagina long, slightly curved, connecting into bursa copulatrix near seminal receptacle connection. Bursa copulatrix spherical, about 5 times as large as oval seminal receptacle. Penial spines small (about 50 µm long), triangular (Fig. 14D).</p><p>Phylogenetic position. The phylogenetic position of Gymnodoris fleuroti sp. nov. is unresolved due to low support values (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Etymology. This species is named in honor of Dominique Fleurot, naturalist, author of several floristic treaties, and coordinator of the ABC (Atlas de la Biodiversité Communale) project in Poum, New Caledonia. The ABC project is a large-scale biodiversity census operation centered in Poum, which produced the holotype of Gymnodoris fleuroti sp. nov. and many other species.</p><p>Remarks. Gymnodoris fleuroti sp. nov. is externally similar to Gymnodoris mariefranceae sp. nov., but these two species are genetically distinct, recovered in separate groups in the species delimitation analyses. Some differences are visible and appear to be consistent, the orange tubercles of G. mariefranceae sp. nov. are larger and more abundant on the center of the dorsum. Also, G. mariefranceae sp. nov. possesses a branched glandular structure visible at the posterior end of the foot. Internally, the two species are readily distinguishable by the shape of the penial spines, triangular in G. fleuroti sp. nov., elongated in G. mariefranceae sp. nov. The radulae of the two species are similar but G. fleuroti sp. nov. has less lateral teeth, more curve at the tip.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFB8A718FF554F9AFBECFC37	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFB7A71AFF554B17FD54FD57.text	352687AFFFB7A71AFF554B17FD54FD57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris mariefranceae De Souza-Canal & Valdes 2025	<div><p>Gymnodoris mariefranceae De Souza-Canal &amp; Valdés sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2CA272B4-678B-4EEC-B232-F3F34D0A0AB6</p><p>(Figs. 13D–E, 14E–F, 15B–H)</p><p>Type material. Holotype: New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.27667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.575" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.27667/lat -20.575)">Koumac Bay</a> (20°34.5'S, 164°16.6'E), 0 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KM603, river mouth fringed by some mangroves], 12 Sep 2018, 9 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26391, isolate JD28) . Paratypes: New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.28334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.576666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.28334/lat -20.576666)">Pandop Bay</a> (20°34.6'S, 164°17'E), 0 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KM102, sand-mud flat with seagrass and mangroves], 6 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26392, isolate JD97) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.27667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.57" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.27667/lat -20.57)">Pandop Point</a> (20°34.2'S, 164°16.6'E), 0 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KM702], 29 Oct 2019, 1 specimen 9 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26425, isolate JD31) . New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.28166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.578333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.28166/lat -20.578333)">Pandop Point</a> (20°34.7'S, 164°16.9'E), 0 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KM705], 6 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 5 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26390, isolate JD21); 6 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 8 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26424, isolate JD16) . New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.28334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.806667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.28334/lat -20.806667)">Koumac</a> (20°48.4'S, 164°17'E), 3 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KB637], 12 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 13 mm preserved length Pointe de Pandop , New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.588333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.275/lat -20.588333)">Koumac</a> (20°35.3'S, 164°16.5'E), 7 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR901], 31 Oct 2019, 1 specimen 8 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26393, isolate JD37), 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26389, isolate JD20) .</p><p>Description. Body oval to elongate, with several large, low, rounded to conical tubercles, more densely arranged around notal rim; velum absent, notal rim fuses with head anteriorly (Figs. 15B–H). Color translucent white, tubercles yellow-orange, in some specimens yellow-orange line around notal rim. Internal organs visible through body wall as orange, white masses; branched, opaque white glandular structure visible near posterior end of body. Rhinophores conical, with 6–7 lamellae, white stalk, club, with orange tips. Gill with 8 small, bipinnate, white leaves, arranged in a circle around anus. Foot narrower than notum, opaque white. Oral tentacles absent.</p><p>Radular formula 24 × 13.0. 13 in an 8 mm preserved length specimen (MNHN-IM-2019-26389). Innermost lateral teeth large, hook-shaped, with curved smooth cusps (Fig. 13D). Other lateral teeth elongate, with broad bases, long, curved cusps, becoming smaller towards outer edge of half-row (Fig. 13E).</p><p>Reproductive system with an elongate, broad ampulla, connecting to female gland complex, near prostate connection (Fig. 14E). Prostate large, flattened, curved around bursa copulatrix, narrowing into a highly convoluted deferent duct, opening into a common atrium with vagina. Vagina long, straight, connecting into bursa copulatrix near seminal receptacle connection. Bursa copulatrix ovoid, about 10 times as large as pyriform seminal receptacle. Penial spines triangular to elongate (about 100–150 µm long), with relatively broad bases (Fig. 14F).</p><p>Phylogenetic position. The phylogenetic position of Gymnodoris mariefranceae sp. nov. is unresolved due to low support values (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Etymology. This species is named in honor of Marie-France Lage, mother of the first author, in appreciation for passing on her passion for the marine world, and for always showing support and curiosity in the first author’s research.</p><p>Remarks. As discussed above Gymnodoris mariefranceae sp. nov. is externally similar to Gymnodoris fleuroti sp. nov. but can be readily distinguished by several external and internal characteristics discussed above.</p><p>Other similar species are G. sp. G and G. sp. X, however, these two species have more densely arranged orange tubercles and they both lack glandular structures at the posterior end of the body. The were also recovered as different species in the species delimitation analyses.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFB7A71AFF554B17FD54FD57	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFB5A71AFF554DF7FC1DF86B.text	352687AFFFB5A71AFF554DF7FC1DF86B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris lebouteillerorum De Souza-Canal & Valdes 2025	<div><p>Gymnodoris lebouteillerorum De Souza-Canal &amp; Valdés sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ED0F2215-C8B9-4166-B053-1C8622267AA0</p><p>(Figs. 14G–H, 15I, 16A)</p><p>Type material. Holotype: New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.29167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.66" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.29167/lat -20.66)">East of Karembé</a> (20°39.6'S, 164°17.5'E), 2–5 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR636, sandy bottom], 27 Sep 2018, 5 mm preserved length (MNHN- IM-2019-26486, isolate JD66).</p><p>Description. Body narrow, elongate, with numerous, small conical tubercles mainly arranged around notal rim, a few on dorsum, velum; velum distinct with 16 tubercles (Fig. 15I). Color translucent dirty-white, tubercles orange-red with blurry edges, faint orange-red line connecting velum, notal rim tubercles; faint longitudinal white line on posterior end of foot. Internal organs visible through body wall as orange, white masses. Rhinophores conical, with 6 lamellae, orange-red. Gill with 6 small, simple, translucent leaves with opaque white bases, arranged in row. Foot wider than notum, opaque white. Oral tentacles notched, anterior lobes.</p><p>Radular formula 8 × 9.0. 9 in the 5 mm preserved length holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-26389). Innermost lateral teeth small, hook-shaped, with straight, flat smooth cusps, broad bases (Fig. 16A). Other lateral teeth elongate, with broad bases, long, slightly curved cusps (Fig. 16A).</p><p>Reproductive system with an elongate, narrow, slightly curved ampulla, connecting to female gland complex, prostate (Fig. 14G). Prostate large, tubular, curved around bursa copulatrix, narrowing into a highly convoluted deferent duct, opening into a common atrium with vagina. Vagina very long, convoluted, connecting into bursa copulatrix near seminal receptacle connection. Bursa copulatrix spherical, about twice as large as spherical seminal receptacle. Penial spines triangular to elongate (about 100–120 µm long), with relatively broad bases (Fig. 14H).</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris lebouteillerorum sp. nov. is the most basal member of a supported clade (PP: 0.91, MLB: 84) also containing a monophyletic group (PP: 1, MLB: 99) including the species Gymnodoris sp. 24, Gymnodoris sp. 48, and Gymnodoris sp. 54, the last two being sister to one another (PP: 1, MLB: 100) (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Etymology. This species is named in honor of Cathy and Aubert Le Bouteiller, indefatigable naturalists, who provided support during the “quinzaines” and collected numerous specimes.</p><p>Remarks. Gymnodoris lebouteillerorum sp. nov. is externally similar to Gymnodoris sp. 24, Gymnodoris sp. 48, and Gymnodoris sp. 54, also recovered in the same clade. However, all these species are genetically distinct. Externally, G. sp. 48, and G. sp. 54 are easily distinguishable by having a much denser pattern of very small orange dots on the dorsum, darker rhinophores, and branchial leaves with orange pigment (see Knutson &amp; Gosliner 2022), all absent in G. lebouteillerorum sp. nov. Gymnodoris sp. 24 is also different as it has more orange tubercles on the dorsum and body sides and an orange dot at the posterior end of foot.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFB5A71AFF554DF7FC1DF86B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFB3A71CFF554F9AFC9DFA63.text	352687AFFFB3A71CFF554F9AFC9DFA63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris deniseae De Souza-Canal & Valdes 2025	<div><p>Gymnodoris deniseae De Souza-Canal &amp; Valdés sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: EFCF047A-3926-4131-B0B3-AEAFF10C75EA</p><p>(Figs. 15J–O, 16B, 17A–B)</p><p>Type material. Holotype: New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, Mouac Is. (20°12.84'S, 164°0.61'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC46], 18 Jun 2023, 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26463, isolate JD136) . Paratypes: New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, Mouac Is. (20°12.84'S, 164°0.61'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC46], 18 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 3 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26464, isolate JD103); 1 specimen 3 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26465, isolate JD111); 1 specimen 3 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26466, isolate JD116) . New Caledonia: North Province: Poum, Mouac Is. (20°13.02'S, 164°1.4'E), 0 m depth [ABC Poum Expedition, stn. ABC63], 21 Jun 2023, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019- 26467, isolate JD109); 1 specimen 3 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26468, isolate JD101) .</p><p>Description. Body narrow, elongate, with numerous, small conical tubercles. Velum distinct with 10 irregular protuberances/tubercles; notal rim absent, velum fuses with dorsum posteriorly (Figs. 15J–O). Color translucent dirty-white to yellow, tubercles opaque yellow-orange with blurry edges, faint yellow orange line edging velum; posterior end of foot translucent grey. Internal organs hardly visible through body wall as orange, white masses. Rhinophores bulbous, with 9–10 lamellae, orange-brown. Gill with 10 small, simple, translucent leaves with opaque white bases, arranged in circle around anus, opened posteriorly. Foot wider than notum, opaque white. Oral tentacles small, blunt.</p><p>Radular formula 10 × 8.0. 8 in a 4 mm preserved length specimen (MNHN-IM-2019-26468). Lateral teeth slightly curved, with pointed, long, smooth cusps, broad bases (Fig. 16B). All teeth similar in size. (Fig. 16B).</p><p>Reproductive system with an elongate, slightly curved ampulla, connecting to female gland complex, prostate (Fig. 17A). Prostate tubular, convoluted, narrowing into a highly convoluted deferent duct, opening into a common atrium with vagina. Vagina very long, slightly curved, connecting into bursa copulatrix near seminal receptacle connection. Bursa copulatrix spherical, about four times as large as ovoid seminal receptacle. Penial spines triangular to elongate (about 60–80 µm long), with relatively broad bases (Fig. 17B).</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris deniseae sp. nov. is sister to Gymnodoris subornata Baba, 1960 (PP: 0.99, MLB: 99) but the position of this clade in the overall phylogeny of Gymnodoris is uncertain (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Etymology. Denise Azuelos, educator, author, and outstanding collector, who found most of the specimens here studied and provided enormous help processing specimens during the Ouvéa and Poum “quinzaines.”</p><p>Remarks. Gymnodoris deniseae sp. nov. is sister to Gymnodoris subornata Baba, 1960, but these two species were recovered as distinct in the species delimitation analyses based on the material examined by Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022). Externally, G. subornata resembles G. deniseae sp. nov. by having an elongate orange body with small conical tubercles and a distinct velum (Baba, 1960). The radula of the two species is also similar, with elongate teeth with broad bases, but whereas in G. subornata Baba, 1960 the innermost teeth are much smaller than the rest in G. deniseae sp. nov. they are all similar in size.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFB3A71CFF554F9AFC9DFA63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFB3A71EFF554AECFD99FE53.text	352687AFFFB3A71EFF554AECFD99FE53.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris bricei De Souza-Canal & Valdes 2025	<div><p>Gymnodoris bricei De Souza-Canal &amp; Valdés sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6AFB4172-390A-4BEE-A6B7-C5A76341EA8C</p><p>(Figs. 16C–D, 17C–D, 18A)</p><p>Type material. Holotype: New Caledonia: South Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.07&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.991667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.07/lat -21.991667)">St. Vincent Bay</a> (21°59.5'S, 166°4.2'E), 6 m depth, 26 Jul 2022, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length [rocky reef] (MNHN-IM-2019-26451, isolate JD149), leg. Y. Thévenet.</p><p>Description. Body narrow, elongate, with numerous, small conical to elongate tubercles of varying sizes. Velum distinct with 6 irregular protuberances/tubercles; notal rim absent, velum fuses with dorsum posteriorly (Fig. 18A). Color translucent dirty-white, tubercles red, red line edging velum; posterior end of foot translucent grey. Internal organs visible through body wall as orange, white masses. Rhinophores bulbous, with 8 lamellae, white with red tips. Gill with 12 small, simple, translucent leaves with opaque white bases, arranged in row anterior to anus. Foot narrower than notum, opaque white. Oral tentacles small, blunt.</p><p>Radular formula 11 × 12.0.12 the 6 mm preserved length holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-26451). Innermost lateral teeth small, hook-shaped, with curved, smooth cusps, broad bases (Fig. 16C). Other lateral teeth elongate, with narrow bases, long, slightly curved cusps (Fig. 16D).</p><p>Reproductive system with an ovoid, straight ampulla, connecting to female gland complex, prostate (Fig. 17C). Prostate large, flattened, curved around bursa copulatrix, narrowing into a convoluted deferent duct, opening into a common atrium with vagina. Vagina short, slightly curved, connecting into bursa copulatrix near seminal receptacle connection. Bursa copulatrix ovoid, about eight times as large as spherical seminal receptacle. Penial spines elongate (about 50–80 µm long), with very narrow bases (Fig. 17D).</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris bricei sp. nov. is the most basal member of a clade (PP: 1, MLB: 99) also including Gymnodoris cf. alba and Gymnodoris sp. X, which are sister to one another (PP: 1, MLB: 98). (Fig. 1A). This larger clade is sister (PP: 1, MLB: 99) to a monophyletic group (PP: 0.97, MLB: 79) including Gymnodoris sp. Y and Gymnodoris sp. 31. Other closely related species include Gymnodoris sp. 23, Gymnodoris sp. W, and Gymnodoris aurita, which were recovered in more basal positions of the same overall clade (PP: 0.95, MLB: 97) (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Etymology. This species is named after Brice De Souza-Canal, father of the first author of this paper, in appreciation for sharing his passion for the marine world as well as his curious and scientific mindset, which helped in the development of critical thinking and detail-oriented skills in the first author, leading her career path.</p><p>Remarks. Gymnodoris bricei sp. nov. is most similar to G. sp. Y as described by Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022), both species have elongate bodies with orange red spots and a line bordering the velum anteriorly. Differences include a conspicuous orange patch on the posterior end of the foot in G. sp. Y, absent in G. bricei sp. nov. Moreover, these two species were recovered in different groups in the species delimitation analyses and did not form a monophyletic group in the phylogenetic analyses.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFB3A71EFF554AECFD99FE53	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFB1A71EFF554EFCFC66F940.text	352687AFFFB1A71EFF554EFCFC66F940.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris wanaporum De Souza-Canal & Valdes 2025	<div><p>Gymnodoris wanaporum De Souza-Canal &amp; Valdés sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 002D04E4-B68C-433C-9663-AC8BE0BACEE</p><p>(Figs. 17E–G, 18B–C, 19A–B)</p><p>Type material. Holotype: New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.64" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.275/lat -20.64)">Koumac</a> (20°38.4'S, 164°16.5'E), 18 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR1067], 22 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 7 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26412, isolate JD52) . Paratypes: New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.21167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.643333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.21167/lat -20.643333)">Koumac</a> (20°38.6'S, 164°12.7'E), 11 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KD542], 7 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 6 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26411, isolate JD17), no photo . New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.27333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.73" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.27333/lat -20.73)">Koumac</a> (20°43.8'S, 164°16.4'E), 11–12 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KD578], 19 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 12 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26413, isolate JD26) .</p><p>Description. Body oval to elongate, with few, small conical to elongate tubercles of varying sizes. Velum distinct with 8 irregular tubercles, merging with notal rim, which also possesses tubercles; inner rim interior to notal rim, velum with several tubercles (Figs. 18B–C). Color translucent dirty-white, tubercles orange, red line edging velum, inner rim; posterior end of foot translucent grey with orange tip. Internal organs visible through body wall as orange, white masses. Rhinophores bulbous to conical, with 11 lamellae, white stalk, red club. Gill with 15 small, simple, translucent leaves, arranged in row anterior to anus. Foot wider than notum, expanded laterally near head, opaque white. Oral tentacles very small, blunt.</p><p>Radular formula 15 × 28.0. 28 in a 12 mm preserved length specimen (MNHN-IM-2019-26413). Innermost lateral teeth small, hook-shaped, with straight, flat smooth cusps, broad bases (Fig. 19A). Other lateral teeth elongate, with broad bases, long, slightly curved cusps (Fig. 19B).</p><p>Reproductive system with a large, broad, slightly curved ampulla, connecting to female gland complex, prostate (Fig. 17E). Prostate large, flattened, partially covering bursa copulatrix, narrowing into a highly convoluted deferent duct, opening into a common atrium with vagina. Vagina straight, connecting into bursa copulatrix opposite to seminal receptacle connection, with a swelling near the bursa copulatrix connection. Bursa copulatrix spherical, about five times as large as ovoid seminal receptacle. Penial spines elongate (about 100 µm long), with relatively curved cusps, narrow bases (Fig. 17G).</p><p>Phylogenetic position. The phylogenetic position of Gymnodoris wanaporum sp. nov. is unresolved (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Etymology. This species is named to honor the Tribu de Wanap, located in Koumac, New Caledonia, in appreciation for their hospitality during the field work in their land, and in recognition of their cultural heritage.</p><p>Remarks. Gymnodoris wanaporum sp. nov. is superficially similar to Gymnodoris sp. A, Gymnodoris sp. 49, and Gymnodoris sp. 53, but lacks lateral anterior expansions of the foot, and has a distinctive glandular structure on the posterior end of the foot. Also, species in the Gymnodoris lebouteillerorum sp. nov. clade have a similar body profile but the foot is much narrower and the gill smaller in G. wanaporum sp. nov. and related species, which also lack a glandular structure visible behind the gill of G. wanaporum sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFB1A71EFF554EFCFC66F940	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFB1A760FF55480FFD43FBA7.text	352687AFFFB1A760FF55480FFD43FBA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris fassioae De Souza-Canal & Valdes 2025	<div><p>Gymnodoris fassioae De Souza-Canal &amp; Valdés sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 558047D3-D711-417F-A173-FD05C8111161</p><p>(Fig. 17H–I, 18D, 19C–E)</p><p>Type material. Holotype: New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.26167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.743334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.26167/lat -20.743334)">Passe Deverd</a> (20°44.6'S, 164°15.7'E), 21 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR623], 21 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 5 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019- 26502, isolate JD24).</p><p>Description. Body oval to elongate, with numerous, small conical to elongate tubercles of varying sizes. Notal rim distinct, with several larger tubercles than those on dorsum, velum absent, notal rim fuses into head forming a protuberance, edged by arch or small tubercles anterior to rhinophores (Fig. 18D). Color translucent white, tubercles red with blurry edges; longitudinal lines of blurry red pigment joining some tubercles; posterior end of foot translucent grey with red tip. Internal organs visible through body wall as orange, white masses. Rhinophores very close together, bulbous, with 8 lamellae, stalk white, club red. Gill with 35 small, elongate, simple, translucent leaves with red tips, opaque white bases, arranged in circle around anus, opened posteriorly. Foot narrower than notum, opaque white. Oral tentacles small, blunt.</p><p>Radular formula 24 × 21.0. 21 in the 5 mm preserved length holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-26502). Innermost lateral teeth small, broad, irregular bases, with central curved cusp (Fig. 19C). Other lateral teeth elongate, with broad bases, long, slightly curved cusps (Fig. 19E).</p><p>Reproductive system with a large, broad, slightly curved ampulla, connecting to female gland complex, prostate (Fig. 17H). Prostate tubular, curved around bursa copulatrix, narrowing into a highly convoluted deferent duct, opening into a common atrium with vagina. Vagina long, narrow, slightly curved, connecting into bursa copulatrix near seminal receptacle connection. Bursa copulatrix ovoid, about five times as large as spherical seminal receptacle. Penial spines slightly curved, elongate (about 80 µm long), with narrow bases (Fig. 17I).</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris fassioae sp. nov. is sister to Gymnodoris sp. 18 (PP: 1, MLB: 99) but the position of these two species within the overall phylogeny of Gymnodoris remains unresolved (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Etymology. This species is named in honor of Dr. Giulia Fassio in appreciation for her help and support during the expeditions to New Caledonia.</p><p>Remarks. Gymnodoris fassioae sp. nov. is externally similar in body shape to Gymnodoris inariensis Hamatani &amp; Osumi, 2003 described from Kagoshima Bay, Japan. Both species have rhinophores very close to each other at the base, a well-defined notal rim, and an anterior protuberance instead of a velum. However, there are clear differences between the two species, for instance, G. inariensis lacks a gill, which is present in G. fassioae sp. nov., and G. inariensis is blackish with densely scattered, minute dark brown-black spots, whereas G. fassioae sp. nov. is translucent white, with red tubercles with blurry edges. No other species included in Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) is similar externally or genetically to G. fassioae sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFB1A760FF55480FFD43FBA7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFCFA762FF554BA7FAFBFCA3.text	352687AFFFCFA762FF554BA7FAFBFCA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris feyae De Souza-Canal & Valdes 2025	<div><p>Gymnodoris feyae De Souza-Canal &amp; Valdés sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3E63B457-CB3E-45F9-9797-02CBDF1F0914</p><p>(Fig. 18E–J, 19F–G, 20A–B)</p><p>Analogium sp. — Hervé, 2010: 169.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: New Caledonia: South Province: Nouméa, Rocher à la Voile (22°18.18'S, 166°26'E), 2– 10 m depth [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.43333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.303" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.43333/lat -22.303)">Quinzaine des Nudibranches Expedition</a>, stn. QNPF-AA, sandy-muddy], 3 Sep 2022, 13 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26386, isolate JD87) . Paratypes: New Caledonia: North Province: Koumac, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.25&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.618334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.25/lat -20.618334)">Récif de l'Infernet</a> (20°37.1'S, 164°15'E), 3 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR208], 7 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 9 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26384, isolate JD29) . New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.215&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.591667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.215/lat -20.591667)">Koumac</a>, NW Infernet (exterior) (20°35.5'S, 164°12.9'E), 10 m depth [Koumac 2.1 Expedition, stn. KR619, sandy-muddy, algal patches], 19 Sep 2018, 1 specimen 11 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26385, isolate JD46) . New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.27167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.586666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.27167/lat -20.586666)">Koumac</a> (20°35.2'S, 164°16.3'E), 7 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR878], 5 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 8 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26383, isolate JD13) . New Caledonia: South Province: Nouméa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=166.43333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.303" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 166.43333/lat -22.303)">Rocher</a> à la Voile (22°18.18'S, 166°26'E), 2–10 m depth [Quinzaine des Nudibranches Expedition, stn. QNPF-AA, sandy-muddy], 3 Sep 2022, 1 specimen 14 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26387, isolate JD88); 1 specimen 12 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26388, isolate JD89) .</p><p>Description. Body oval, with numerous longitudinal ridges, with some irregular tubercles on ridges. Velum distinct with some irregular tubercles, continuing posteriorly into distinct notal rim, also possessing tubercles (Figs. 18E–J). Color yellowish-ochre to brown, ridges, tubercles pale brown to yellow. Internal organs not visible through body wall. Rhinophores conical, with 10–12 lamellae, same color as body. Gill with 8-10 large, bipinnate leaves with same color as body, arranged in row anterior to anus. Foot wider than notum, greatly expanded laterally near head, same color as body, with lighter edge. Oral tentacles small, blunt.</p><p>Radular formula 10 × 11.0. 11 in a 12 mm preserved length specimen (MNHN-IM-2019-26388). Innermost lateral teeth very small, hook-shaped, with curved, smooth cusps, broad bases (Fig. 19F). Other lateral teeth very elongate, with broad, rectangular bases, blunt long, straight cusps (Fig. 19G).</p><p>Reproductive system with an elongate, narrow, slightly curved ampulla, connecting to female gland complex, prostate (Fig. 20A). Prostate large, flattened, curved around bursa copulatrix, narrowing into a convoluted deferent duct, opening into a common atrium with vagina. Vagina long, straight, connecting into bursa copulatrix near seminal receptacle connection. Bursa copulatrix spherical, about ten times as large as spherical seminal receptacle. Penial spines triangular to elongate (about 100–150 µm long), with relatively broad bases (Fig. 20B).</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris feyae sp. nov. is closely related but distinct from Gymnodoris sp. 60, these two species are sister to one another (PP: 1, MLB: 100) and together they are sister to Gymnodoris striata (PP: 1, MLB: 100) (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Etymology. This species is name in honor of Pauline Fey, outstanding naturalist and sea slug photographer and collector, who provided most of the specimens from Nouméa of this species here examined as well as many other species.</p><p>Remarks. Gymnodoris feyae sp. nov. appears to be endemic to New Caledonia. This species is externally very similar to Gymnodoris sp. 60 reported from the Philippines and Indonesia (Gosliner et al., 2018; Knutson &amp; Gosliner 2022) but genetically distinct, it was consistently recovered as a different species in the species delimitation analyses. Gymnodoris sp. 61 (Gosliner et al., 2018) is also similar but more reddish in color. Gymnodoris feyae sp. nov. was reported from Nouméa by Hervé (2010) as Analogium sp. A record of a similar specimen from Japan by Nakano (2018) as Gymnodoris sp. 5 needs to be studied to determine its relationship with G. feyae sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFCFA762FF554BA7FAFBFCA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFCDA762FF554CA3FE36F823.text	352687AFFFCDA762FF554CA3FE36F823.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris bernardae De Souza-Canal & Valdes 2025	<div><p>Gymnodoris bernardae De Souza-Canal &amp; Valdés sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: BA2D8A54-8112-44CE-8917-CF4574DB83D4</p><p>(Fig. 18K, 20C–D, 21A)</p><p>Type material. Holotype: New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.15167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.611668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.15167/lat -20.611668)">Koumac</a> (20°36.7'S, 164°09.1'E), 10 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KR1057], 18 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 4 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26511, isolate JD54).</p><p>Description. Body narrow, elongate, smooth, with numerous small, conical tubercles. Velum distinct, narrow, forming an anterior protuberance with 4 small tubercles; notal rim absent, velum fuses with dorsum behind rhinophores (Figs. 18K). Color translucent dirty-white, with network of opaque white pigment, tubercles yellow-orange; posterior end of foot translucent with same color pattern. Internal organs not visible through body wall. Rhinophores bulbous, with 9 lamellae, opaque white. Gill with 9 small, bipinnate, translucent leaves, arranged in row anterior to anus. Foot narrower than notum, opaque white. Oral tentacles absent.</p><p>Radular formula 6 × 9.0. 9 in the 4 mm preserved length holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-26511). All radular teeth similar in size, with broad bases, elongate slightly curved, blunt cusps (Fig. 21A).</p><p>Reproductive system with a short, broad ampulla, connecting to female gland complex, prostate (Fig. 20C). Prostate large, tubular, curved around bursa copulatrix, narrowing into a slightly convoluted deferent duct, opening into a common atrium with vagina. Vagina long, narrow, connecting into bursa copulatrix near seminal receptacle connection. Bursa copulatrix spherical, about three times as large as ovoid seminal receptacle. Penial spines triangular to elongate (about 20–80 µm long), with narrow bases (Fig. 20D).</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris bernardae sp. nov. is the most basal member of a clade (PP: 1, MLB: 93) also including Gymnodoris feyae sp. nov., Gymnodoris sp. 60, and Gymnodoris striata (PP: 1, MLB: 100). The position of this clade in the overall phylogeny of Gymnodoris is unresolved (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Etymology. This species is name in honor of Carole Bernard, who led the educational and outreach programs during the Koumac expeditions, to stress the importance of sharing the value of biodiversity with local and broader communities.</p><p>Remarks. Gymnodoris bernardae sp. nov. is externally very different from other species in its clade, including Gymnodoris feyae sp. nov., Gymnodoris sp. 60, and Gymnodoris striata, all of which have longitudinal ridges. No other species illustrated by Yonow (2008), Gosliner et al. (2018), Nakano (2018) or Knutson &amp; Gosliner (2022) resemble this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFCDA762FF554CA3FE36F823	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
352687AFFFCCA764FF554A36FC7DF823.text	352687AFFFCCA764FF554A36FC7DF823.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnodoris boiteuxi De Souza-Canal & Valdes 2025	<div><p>Gymnodoris boiteuxi De Souza-Canal &amp; Valdés sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 9C2462CA-8D11-4238-BBC0-7B5A4264AAD0</p><p>(Fig. 18L, 20E–F, 21B)</p><p>Type material. Holotype: New Caledonia: North Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=164.23&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.67" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 164.23/lat -20.67)">Koumac</a> (20°40.2'S, 164°13.8'E), 3 m depth [Koumac 2.3 Expedition, stn. KS1069], 23 Nov 2019, 1 specimen 2 mm preserved length (MNHN-IM-2019-26469, isolate JD69).</p><p>Description. Body oval to elongate, covered with few, low, conical tubercles arranged in low density irregular pattern; velum distinct with three lateral tubercles on each side, continuing posteriorly into inconspicuous notal rim (Fig. 18L). Color dirty white, tubercles orange, small opaque white irregular lines/flecks all over dorsum. Interior organs visible through body wall as cream, white masses. Posterior end of foot translucent grey. Rhinophores bulbous, with 8 lamellae, clubs light brown, bases translucent white. Gill underdeveloped, with of 5 short, inconspicuous, opaque white, simple leaves.</p><p>Radular formula 6 × 7.0.7 the 2 mm preserved length holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-26469). Radular teeth hook-shaped, elongate with no denticles. Inner lateral teeth thinner and longer, becoming shorter and wider towards outer edge of half-row (Fig. 21B).</p><p>Reproductive system with an elongate, slightly curved ampulla, connecting to female gland complex, prostate (Fig. 20E). Prostate large, flattened, partially covering bursa copulatrix, narrowing into a highly convoluted, long deferent duct, opening into a common atrium with vagina. Vagina short, slightly curved, connecting into bursa copulatrix next to seminal receptacle connection. Bursa copulatrix spherical, about 10 time as large as pyriform seminal receptacle. Penial spines straight, elongate, with narrow bases (Fig. 20F).</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Gymnodoris boiteuxi sp. nov. is nested in a well-supported clade (PP: 1, MLB: 94) containing several other undescribed species: Gymnodoris sp. 17, Gymnodoris sp. 38, Gymnodoris sp. U and Gymnodoris sp. V, but the relationships among members of this clade are not fully resolved (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Etymology. This species is named in honor of Benoît Boiteux in appreciation for his help and support during the Koumac 2.3 expedition, when the holotype of this species was collected.</p><p>Remarks. Gymnodoris boiteuxi sp. nov. is a distinct species having few orange tubercles, a very small white gill and large bulbous rhinophores. Externally it is very different from other members of its clade, including Gymnodoris sp. 17, Gymnodoris sp. 38, Gymnodoris sp. U and Gymnodoris sp. V, not of which have this combination of characters.</p><p>Gymnodoris boiteuxi sp. nov. is similar to Gymnodoris fleuroti sp. nov., but the bulbous brown rhinophores of the former are very different from the conical, white and orange of the latter. Also, the general body shape and the radular morphology is very different, G. boiteuxi sp. nov. has a more rounded anterior end of the body and lacks the large, curved innermost lateral teeth characteristic of G. fleuroti sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352687AFFFCCA764FF554A36FC7DF823	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Souza-Canal, Jade De;Valdés, Ángel	Souza-Canal, Jade De, Valdés, Ángel (2025): The genus Gymnodoris Stimpson, 1855 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia) in New Caledonia, with descriptions of eleven new species. Zootaxa 5710 (1): 1-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5710.1.1
