identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
3EF628DED8375F899FE8E2FEBA815B07.text	3EF628DED8375F899FE8E2FEBA815B07.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xylaria aleuriticola Hai X. Ma, A. H. Zhu & Yu Li 2024	<div><p>Xylaria aleuriticola Hai X. Ma, A. H. Zhu &amp; Yu Li sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 2</p><p>Type.</p><p>China. Yunnan Province, Jinghong City, Xishuangbanna Primeval Forest Park, on buried fruits of Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd ( Euphorbiaceae), 22 October 2013, Ma HaiXia, FCATAS 858 (Col. 11) .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Aleuriticola (Lat.): referring to the host which the fungus inhabits.</p><p>Teleomorph.</p><p>Stromata upright or prostrate, solitary to often densely clustered, dichotomously branched several times, or unbranched infrequently, 2–11 cm total height, long-stipitate; fertile parts 7–30 mm high × 1.0– 2.5 mm broad, narrowly fusiform to cylindrical, often flattened, with acute sterile apices up to 8 mm long, strongly nodulose, particularly tomentose; stipes 12–90 mm high × 0.7–2.6 mm broad, terete to rarely flattened, most often contorted, usually ill-defined, with conspicuously tomentose, arising from a slightly enlarged pannose base; surface roughened with perithecial mounds and tomentose except for stromatal apices, black brown to black; interior white to cream, tan at center, solid, woody. Perithecia subglobose, 300–500 µm. Ostioles conic-papillate. Asci eight-spored arranged in uniseriate manner, cylindrical, long-stipitate, (90 –) 110–135 (– 150) µm total length, the spore-bearing parts (55 –) 60–70 (– 75) µm long × (5.5 –) 6.0–7.0 (– 7.5) µm broad, the stipes 30–70 µm long, with apical ring bluing in Melzer’s reagent, urn-shaped, 2.0–2.8 µm high × 1.0–1.8 µm diam. Ascospores brown to dark brown, unicellular, ellipsoid to fusiform, inequilateral, with narrowly rounded ends, occasionally one end slightly pinched, smooth, (7.1 –) 7.5–9.5 (– 10.5) × (3 –) 3.5–4 (– 4.5) µm (M = 8.1 × 3.6 µm, Q = 2.3, n = 60 / 2), with a conspicuous straight germ slit spore-length or slightly less than spore-length, lacking a hyaline sheath or appendages visible in india ink or 1 % SDS.</p><p>Additional specimen examined.</p><p>China. Yunnan Province, Jinghong City, Xishuangbanna Primeval Forest Park, on buried fruits of Aleurites moluccana ( Euphorbiaceae), 22 October 2013, Ma HaiXia, FCATAS 859 (Col. 23); 22 January 2015, Ma Haixia, FCATAS 862 (Col. 231), FCATAS 863 (Col. 232), FCATAS 864 (Col. 238), FCATAS 865 (COL. 270) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Xylaria aleuriticola, associated with the pericarps of A. moluccana ( Euphorbiaceae), is characterized by stromata dichotomously branched several times with long acute sterile apices, fertile parts roughened with perithecia and tomentose, and tomentose stipes. It is similar to X. culleniae Berk. &amp; Broome by having dichotomously branched stromata and ascospores dimensions, but the latter species branches dichotomously only once in fertile parts, ascospores surrounded with a hyaline sheath and non-cellular appendages, and grows on capsules of Cullenia excelsa ( Malvaceae) (Rogers et al. 1988; Ju et al. 2018). Xylaria euphorbiicola Rehm was described on fruits of Euphorbia ( Euphorbiaceae) from Brazil, but it has unbranched stromata, lacking perithecial mounds, overlain with a brown striped outermost layer, and smaller discoid apical ring 1 µm high × 1.5–2 µm broad (Ju et al. 2018). Xylaria ianthinovelutina somewhat resembles X. aleuriticola in stromatal morphology, but it has stronger stromata, larger ascospores (9 –) 9.5–11 (– 12) × (3.5 –) 4–4.5 (– 5) µm (M = 10.3 × 4.0 µm), and often associated with leguminous pods (Dennis 1956, 1957; Ju et al. 2018), while stromata of the new speices has sharper and longer sterile apices, more forked. Xylaria luzonensis Henn. differs from X. aleuriticola by its smaller stromata (1.5–3 cm long × 0.5–1 mm diam), smaller perithecia (200–300 µm diam), slightly smaller apical ring (1–1.5 µm high × 1.5 µm broad), light brown ascospores, and grows on pod of Bauhinia cumingiana ( Fabaceae) (Ju et al. 2018). Xylaria apeibae Mont. is close to X. aleuriticola in stromatal morphology, from which it differs mainly by having smaller stromata 4 cm long × 0.8–1.5 mm diam, light brown and larger ascospores (9.5 –) 10–12 (– 13) × (3 –) 3.5–4 (– 4.5) µm (M = 11.0 × 3.7 µm), and grows on fruits of Apeiba species ( Tiliaceae) (Ju et al. 2018). In the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 1), X. aleuriticola clustered together with high support values (BS = 98, PP = 1.00) with X. fabaceicola, but the latter species is distinguished by its smaller stromata 13–25 mm long, pale brown to brown ascospores with a hyaline sheath and appendages, and the fact that it grows on decaying pods of Fabaceae (Perera et al. 2020) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3EF628DED8375F899FE8E2FEBA815B07	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zhu, An-Hong;Song, Zi-Kun;Wang, Jun-Fang;Guan, Hao-Wen;Qu, Zhi;Ma, Hai-Xia	Zhu, An-Hong, Song, Zi-Kun, Wang, Jun-Fang, Guan, Hao-Wen, Qu, Zhi, Ma, Hai-Xia (2024): Multi-gene phylogenetic and taxonomic contributions to Xylaria (Ascomycota) associated with fallen fruits from China. MycoKeys 106: 23-41, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.106.124944
CEA3491983255A45A08A061AECABFB7A.text	CEA3491983255A45A08A061AECABFB7A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xylaria liquidambaris J. D. Rogers, Y. M. Ju & F. San Martin, Sydowia	<div><p>Xylaria liquidambaris J. D. Rogers, Y. M. Ju &amp; F. San Martín, Sydowia 54 (1): 92. 2002</p><p>Fig. 4</p><p>Teleomorph.</p><p>Stromata upright, solitary or sometimes clustered, unbranched or occasionally branched, 1.2–8.0 cm total height; fertile parts 6–25 mm high × 1.5–5.0 mm broad, cylindrical with acute sterile apices, at times longitudinally furrowed, with wrinkles isolating somewhat prominent perithecia; stipes 6–55 mm high × 1.0– 2.5 mm broad, glabrous to pubescent arising from a pannose base; surface dark brown to black, interior white, with dark brown to black a circle, and white at center. Texture solid, soft, woody. Perithecia subglobose, 250–400 µm. Ostioles conic-papillate. Asci eight-spored arranged in uniseriate manner, cylindrical, long-stipitate, (110 –) 125–145 (– 165) µm total length, the spore-bearing parts (80 –) 90–105 (– 115) µm long × (6 –) 7–8 (– 8.5) µm broad, the stipes 30–60 µm long, with apical ring bluing in Melzer’s reagent, inverted hap-shaped to more or less rectangular, 2.5–3.5 µm high × 2.0–2.5 µm diam. Ascospores brown, unicellular, ellipsoid-inequilateral with narrowly to broadly rounded ends, smooth, (12.5 –) 13–14 (– 15) × (4.8 –) 5.5–6.5 (– 6.8) µm (M = 13.5 × 6.1 µm, Q = 2.2, n = 90 / 3), with spiraling germ slit, lacking a sheath or appendages in india ink or 1 % SDS.</p><p>Specimens examined.</p><p>China. Guangdong Province, Chebaling Nature Reserve, on fruits of Liquidambar formosana, 26 June 2010, Ma Haixia, Col. 10062607 ; Fengkai County, Heishiding Nature Reserve, on fruits of L. formosana, 2 July 2010, Ma Haixia, Col. 10070206 ; Jiangxi Province, Guanshan Nature Reserve, on fruits of L. formosana, 21 June 2013, Ma Haixia, FCATAS 873 (Col. 16) ; Fuzhou City, Tang Xianzu Museum, on fruits of L. formosana, 17 June 2013, Ma Haixia, FCATAS 877 (Col. 36) ; Anyuan County, Sanbai Mountain Nature Reserve, on fruits of L. formosana, 15 August 2016, Ma Haixia, FCATAS 878 (Col. O 37) ; Zhejiang Province, Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve, on fruits of L. formosana, 6 August 2013, Ma Haixia, FCATAS 872 (Col. 10) ; Gutian Mountain Nature Reserve, on fruits of L. formosana, 13 August 2013, Ma Haixia, FCATAS 496 (Col. 29) ; Anhui Province, Huangshan City, Qiman County, Guniujiang Nature Reserve, on fruits of L. formosana, 8 August 2013, Ma Haixia, FCATAS 874 (Col. 19) ; Huangshan Nature Reserve, on fruits of L. formosana, 27 June 2019, Ma Haixia, FCATAS 879 (Col. P 6) ; Hainan Province, Diaoluoshan Nature Reserve, on fruits of L. formosana, 31 December 2020, Ma Haixia, FCATAS 880 (Col. Z 211) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Xylaria liquidambaris was originally described by Rogers et al. (2002) from USA, and has high specificity to fruits of Liquidambar ( Altingiaceae). It is characterized by unbranched stromata with acute sterile apex, embedded to slightly prominent perithecia with longitudinal striations, brown ascospores with long spiraling germ slit (Rogers et al. 2002). These Chinese materials well fit the descriptions and illustrations of X. liquidambaris by Rogers et al. (2002).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CEA3491983255A45A08A061AECABFB7A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zhu, An-Hong;Song, Zi-Kun;Wang, Jun-Fang;Guan, Hao-Wen;Qu, Zhi;Ma, Hai-Xia	Zhu, An-Hong, Song, Zi-Kun, Wang, Jun-Fang, Guan, Hao-Wen, Qu, Zhi, Ma, Hai-Xia (2024): Multi-gene phylogenetic and taxonomic contributions to Xylaria (Ascomycota) associated with fallen fruits from China. MycoKeys 106: 23-41, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.106.124944
497069066F555266989F5646D60F227F.text	497069066F555266989F5646D60F227F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xylaria microcarpa Hai X. Ma & Yu Li 2024	<div><p>Xylaria microcarpa Hai X. Ma &amp; Yu Li sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 3</p><p>Type.</p><p>China. Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Dadugang Town, Guanping Village, on legume pods, 21 January 2015, Haixia Ma, FCATAS 883 (Col. 233) .</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Microcarpa (Lat.): referring to its stroma that it is very small.</p><p>Teleomorph.</p><p>Stromata upright or prostrate, often densely gregarious in large groups, unbranched, cylindrical to filiform, with acute sterile apices, on tomentose stipes, 3.5–9 mm total height; fertile parts 2–6 mm high × 0.6–1.5 mm broad, filiform to cylindrical, brown tomentose dense or sparse, nodulose with perithecial contours exposed; stipes 1.5–4 mm high × 0.3–0.5 mm broad, terete, with conspicuously dark brown tomentose, arising from slighly enlarged base; surface black, interior light yellow, solid, woody. Perithecia subglobose, 300–500 µm. Ostioles conic-papillate. Asci eight-spored arranged in uniseriate manner, cylindrical, long-stipitate, (96 –) 105–125 (– 140) µm total length, the spore-bearing parts (56 –) 60–70 (– 75) µm long × (6.0 –) 6.4–7.1 (– 7.6) µm broad, the stipes 30–56 µm long, with apical ring bluing in Melzer’s reagent, tubular or urn-shaped, 1.5–2.5 (– 2.9) µm high × 1.4–1.8 µm diam. Ascospores light brown, unicellular, ellipsoid-inequilateral, with narrowly rounded ends, sometimes with pinched on one end, smooth, (9.5 –) 10–11 (– 11.5) × (4.5 –) 5–6 (– 6.2) µm (M = 10.5 × 5.5 µm, Q = 1.9, n = 60 / 2), with a inconspicuous straight germ slit almost spore-length, lacking a sheath or appendages visible in india ink or 1 % SDS.</p><p>Additional specimen examined.</p><p>China. Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, on legume pods, 20 January 2015, Haixia Ma, FCATAS 885 (Col. 239) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Xylaria microcarpa is characterized by very small stromata growing in groups, overlain with a dark brown tomentum, ascospores light brown with an inconspicuous straight germ slit, lacking a sheath or appendages, and grows on leguminous pods. The new species resembles X. fabacearum R. H. Perera, E. B. G. Jones &amp; K. D. Hyde by sharing small stromata and ascospores length dimensions, but differs from the latter species in having stromata branched sometimes, stromatal surface without tomentose, brown to dark brown ascospores with conspicuous straight germ slit (Perera et al. 2020). Xylaria luzonensis on Bauhinia cumingiana ( Fabaceae) differs from X. microcarpa by having branched and larger stromata, smaller perithecia, and smaller ascospores (8 –) 8.5–9.5 (– 10) × 3–3.5 (– 4) µm (M = 8.9 × 3.4 µm) (Ju et al. 2018). Xylaria microcarpa is somewhat similar to X. ianthinovelutina and X. culleniae in stromatal surface with tomentum and grow on leguminous pods, but the later two taxa differ in larger stromata, ascospores with a straight germ slit slightly less than spore-length, surrounded with a hyaline sheath and non-cellular appendages (Ju et al. 2018). The phylogenetic tree showed that Xylaria microcarpa and X. aethiopica J. Fourn., Y. M. Ju, H. M. Hsieh &amp; U. Lindem are sister taxa with a strong supported branch in BI tree (BS = 0.98), but X. aethiopica is distinct morphologically with larger stromata 15–30 mm total height, brown to dark brown and slightly larger ascospores (9.7 –) 11–13 (– 13.5) × (3.5 –) 3.8–4.5 (– 4.9) µm (M = 11.9 × 4.1 µm) with a conspicuous straight germ and appendages, and grows on fallen woody pods of Millettia ferruginea ( Fabaceae) (Fournier et al. 2018 b).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/497069066F555266989F5646D60F227F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Zhu, An-Hong;Song, Zi-Kun;Wang, Jun-Fang;Guan, Hao-Wen;Qu, Zhi;Ma, Hai-Xia	Zhu, An-Hong, Song, Zi-Kun, Wang, Jun-Fang, Guan, Hao-Wen, Qu, Zhi, Ma, Hai-Xia (2024): Multi-gene phylogenetic and taxonomic contributions to Xylaria (Ascomycota) associated with fallen fruits from China. MycoKeys 106: 23-41, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.106.124944
