taxonID	type	description	language	source
4709122DBBCC57E0A8A0C12E90A7DEA9.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Holotype: China • Larva; Shaanxi, Hanzhong city, Foping county, Qinling Mts, slow forest brook in Panda valley; Alt. 1330 m. 33 ° 40.368 ' N, 107 ° 58.327 ' E; 20 Apr. 2018; Coll. W. H. Li, R. R. Mo, D. Muranyi; MZL GBIFCH 00763636. Paratypes: China • 5 larvae; same data as for holotype; 2 L in alcohol GBIFCH 00673084; 1 L on slide GBIFCH 00606852; 1 L on slide used for DNA extraction GBIFCH 00654874 all deposited in MZL. 1 L in alcohol deposited in HNHM. 1 L in alcohol deposited in HIST.	en	Auychinda, Chonlakran, Muranyi, David, Li, Weihai, Sartori, Michel, Gattolliat, Jean-Luc (2020): A new species of Cincticostella (Ephemeroptera, Ephemerellidae) from China. Alpine Entomology 4: 129-138, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50597, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50597
4709122DBBCC57E0A8A0C12E90A7DEA9.taxon	description	Description. Larva: Body length 8.7 - 10.0 mm; caudal filaments length 8.0 - 9.0 mm. Body yellowish-brown. Head: Covered with thin setae. One pair of small, rounded protuberances between eyes. Genae quadrangular, well developed, angles rounded (Fig. 1). Antennae with scapus short, pedicellus as broad as long, flagellum of about 25 segments, first segment as long as next three segments. Mouthparts: Labrum wide, apicolateral angle rounded; apicomedial emargination shallow, dorsal surface densely covered with long, hair-like setae and long stout flattened setae scattered over surface (Fig. 2 A); ventral surface with numerous, long, stout, hair-like setae laterally orientated; apical margin with numerous feathered setae and very thin hair-like setae (Fig. 2 B). Mandibles with numerous, hair-like setae on 2 / 3 proximal of dorsal and lateral surfaces (Figs 2 C, D). Left mandible: outer incisor composed of three teeth, two outer teeth stout, broad, apically rounded and one small, blunt tooth; inner incisor with one main stout, apically pointed tooth and one inner vestigial tooth; stout rectangular prostheca with bunch of hair-like setae on inner side (Fig. 2 E). Right mandible: outer incisor composed of two spoon-shaped teeth, outer tooth longer than inner; inner incisor composed of two apically pointed teeth, orientated perpendicularly to outer incisor; prostheca consisting of numerous hair-like setae (Fig. 2 F); eight hair-like setae on margin below mola (Fig. 2 D). Maxilla: apex with transformed ventral canine typical of genus (Kluge 2004); two dentisetae with serrated inner margin; apex of maxilla surface with numerous, long, stout, hair-like setae, some with serrated inner margin; inner margin of galealacinia with 3 - 4 rows of long, stout, simple setae; 10 - 12 feathered, stout setae roughly arranged in a row near base of galealacinia surface (Fig. 2 G, H). Maxillary palp: three segmented; segments partially fused; segment I slightly longer than half of segments II and III combined; segment III short, pointed, with few thin setae on apex (Fig. 2 G, H). Labium with glossae semicircular, almost two times longer than broad; ventral surface of glossae covered with long, stout, simple setae; dorsal surface with an arc of long simple setae parallel to outer margin; glossae protruding over apices of paraglossae; paraglossae semicircular, dorsal surface covered with numerous long stout simple setae, ventral surface with flame-like setae. Ventral surface of mentum and submentum mostly covered with flame-like setae. Labial palp three-segmented; segments I and II equal in length, covered with long, hair-like setae; segment II crescent shaped, outer margin with spine-like long setae and long hair-like setae, inner margin covered with numerous long thin setae; segment III conical, two times longer than broad at base, apex covered with short thin setae (Fig. 2 I). Hypopharynx: surface of lingua covered with short setae, most abundant in apical part; apices of superlinguae rounded with numerous hair-like setae (Fig. 2 J). Thorax: dorsal surface covered with scattered small thin setae. Pronotum: broad projection anterolaterally enclosing head, margin rounded except concave apically (black arrow tip on Fig. 3 A); projections covered with long hair-like setae; laterally with short flame-like setae. Mesonotum: broad, large, rounded anterolateral projection, covered with long hair-like setae; laterally with short flame-like setae; small pair of triangular protuberances between forewing pads (white arrow tips on Fig. 3 A). Forelegs: moderately expanded; length ratio of femur: tibia: tarsus = 2.9: 2.4: 1. Forefemora: dorsal surfaces cover with long hair-like setae; dorsal margin slightly concave, with dense setae and with only three blunt chalazae near distal angle; ventral margin with dense setae without serration; apex with one ventral and one dorsal well-developed extension (Fig. 4 A). Foretibiae completely covered with long hair-like setae and short stout setae, apex of ventral margin produced and covered with a bunch of dense, long, thin setae. Foretarsi covered with long hair-like setae, ventral margin with stouter longer feathered setae. Foreclaws hooked with a row of four triangular teeth, two proximal teeth closer to each others (Fig. 4 D). Mid legs: greatly expanded; length ratio of femur: tibia: tarsus = 3: 2.7: 1. Mid femora: dorsal surface cover with hair-like setae; ventral margin with dense setae and four serrated chalazae in proximal half of femora, ending with a well-developed triangular pointed process; dorsal margin with dense setae and eight chalazae progressively larger (Fig. 4 B). Mid tibiae similar to foretibiae except setae less abundant and short flame-like setae on dorsal margin and apically. Mid tarsi: ventral margin with setae not feathered. Mid claws similar to foreclaws. Hind legs: greatly expanded; length ratio of femur: tibia: tarsus = 4.2: 3.2: 1; hind femora similar to mid femora except chalazae of ventral and dorsal margins: ventral margin with three chalazae medially; dorsal margin with 12 chalazae along margin and progressively larger (Fig. 4 C). Hind tibiae and hind tarsi similar to mid tibiae and mid tarsi, respectively. Hind claws similar to foreclaws. Abdomen: surface of tergites covered with hair-like setae and few stout flame-like setae, absent laterally on tergites IV to IX; distal margin smooth without spines. Tergites I-X with a pair of tubercles, minute on tergites I-III and X (Fig. 4 E); highly developed on tergites IV-IX (Fig. 3 B): arched, acute tubercles covered with medium setae (Fig. 3 C). Sternites densely covered with medium setae; distal margin smooth without spines. Triangular, slender distolateral expansions present on abdominal segments I to IX, highly developed on segments IV to IX, covered with dense flat medium and hair-like setae. Gills present on segments III to VII (Fig. 3 E-I); upper lamellae dorsally densely covered with flame-like setae, upper lamellae of gills III to V subrectangular, of gills VI roughly paddle-like, of gills VII suboval and reduced; lower lamellae bifurcate with marginal processes, bilobed on gills III to V, simple on gills VI and VII. Paracercus subequal in length to cerci; cerci and paracercus densely covered with hair-like setae, apex of each segment with very long, flattened setae (Fig. 3 D). Adults. Unknown.	en	Auychinda, Chonlakran, Muranyi, David, Li, Weihai, Sartori, Michel, Gattolliat, Jean-Luc (2020): A new species of Cincticostella (Ephemeroptera, Ephemerellidae) from China. Alpine Entomology 4: 129-138, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50597, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50597
4709122DBBCC57E0A8A0C12E90A7DEA9.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Latin word " tornata " means rounded, in reference to the genae and anterolateral projection of mesonotum.	en	Auychinda, Chonlakran, Muranyi, David, Li, Weihai, Sartori, Michel, Gattolliat, Jean-Luc (2020): A new species of Cincticostella (Ephemeroptera, Ephemerellidae) from China. Alpine Entomology 4: 129-138, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50597, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50597
4709122DBBCC57E0A8A0C12E90A7DEA9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Cincticostella tornata sp. nov. differs from closely related species of the insolta - group by the following combination of characters: 1) glossae protruded beyond apices of paraglossae; 2) genae extended with round apex; 3) anterolateral projection of pronotum pointed with a concave margin; 4) mesothorax with broad, rounded proximolateral expansion; 5) number and degree of development of chalazae on ventral and dorsal margins of mid and hind femora; 6) degree of development of apicoventral projection on ventral margin of fore-, mid and hind femora; 7) apicolateral projection of tergite IX well developed exceeding 1 / 3 of tergite X.	en	Auychinda, Chonlakran, Muranyi, David, Li, Weihai, Sartori, Michel, Gattolliat, Jean-Luc (2020): A new species of Cincticostella (Ephemeroptera, Ephemerellidae) from China. Alpine Entomology 4: 129-138, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50597, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50597
4709122DBBCC57E0A8A0C12E90A7DEA9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The new species is only known from the type locality located in the Qinling mountains (Shaanxi province, close to Hanzhong city). This mountain range is considered as a natural boundary between South and North China and between the Palaearctic and Oriental realms (Fig. 5). A huge diversity of plant and animals is considered as endemic from this area, among others a subspecies of the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca qinlingensis) and the golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana). At our present state of knowledge, it is not possible to know if Cincticostella tornata sp. nov. is endemic to this mountain range or is more widely distributed through China.	en	Auychinda, Chonlakran, Muranyi, David, Li, Weihai, Sartori, Michel, Gattolliat, Jean-Luc (2020): A new species of Cincticostella (Ephemeroptera, Ephemerellidae) from China. Alpine Entomology 4: 129-138, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50597, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50597
